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IVLSwedish Environmental

Research Institute

SSVWastewater Treatment

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Project that mitigates the

problem of dead sea bottoms.

General information about our

organization and its work.

R&D-facility Hammarby

Sjöstadsverk.

WEBAPOxygenation of dead

sea bottoms

WEBAPOxygenation of dead sea

bottoms


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IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute is an independent, non-profit research institute, owned by a foundation jointly established by the Swedish Government and Swedish industry.

IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute was established in 1966 and has since then been involved in the development of solutions to environmental problems, at national and international level. We work with applied research and contract assignments for an ecologically, economically, and socially sustainable growth within business and society at large. The institute employs around 200 experts, which makes IVL a leading institute for applied environmental research and consultancy services.


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CollaborationsWe are members of a number of national and international networks.We also have close collaboration with universities. Through these connections, we have access to unique knowledge and highly qualified partners. Hammarby Sjöstadsverk CPM - Swedish Life Cycle Center Mistra Urban Future Sweden Green Building Council Stockholm Cleantech SMED - Svenska MiljöemissionsData NTM - Nätverket för transport och miljö ENERO - European Network of Environ. Res. Org. NORMAN


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OrganisationIVL is divided into six administrative units: Research Business Development & Marketing Organizations, Products & Processes Natural Resources & Environmental Effects Air Pollution & Abatement Strategies Climate & Sustainable Cities

The units are collaborating in the theme areas: Sustainable production Sustainable building Resource-efficient products and waste Water Climate and energy Air and transport


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More informationIVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute www.ivl.seStockholm: +46 (0) 8 598 563 00Göteborg: Tel. +46 (0) 31 725 62 00

Christian [email protected]:+46-8-598 56 406


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WEBAP

Oxygenation of dead sea bottoms


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WEBAPWave Energized Baltic Aeration Pump

Can waves help to mitigate hypoxia in the Baltic Sea?


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WEBAP



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Eutrophication has many effects algae blooming phosphorous-depending cyanobacteria dead bottoms and hydrogen sulphide

Ecological and biological problems, large future economic problems for tourist- and fishery industry in the Baltic region.

(1) Nitrogen is emitted to waters

(2) Spring blooming of plankton

(3) Algae die

(4) Algae are de-composed which consumes oxygen

(5) Bottoms get anoxic

(6) Phosphorous is released

(7) Summer blooming of cyanobacteria


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WEBAP



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Extent of oxygen-depleted bottom waterIn the Baltic Sea Worldwide


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Need for action? Doesn’t the Baltic take care of itself? How affects and is the Baltic affected by climate change? Can technical solutions help in a long term?

Why do we think we need actions also in the Baltic and not only at sources? There sure is a good monitoring of sources and these sources can be abated? The Baltic in imbalance? Weakening of natural processes? Restore the Baltic Sea self-

cleaning biogeochemical processes?


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WEBAP



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WEBAP: AimImproved oxygen situation in deep water layers Species that are dependent on conditions in deep water, would get a better

environment and opportunities for reproduction. Solved inorganic phosphorus released due to the reducing conditions in the bottom

sediments will be bound in complexes and thus reduce the inorganic nutrient concentrations in the water.

Yet: 2-6 million tons of oxygen needed each year! Enormous amounts of energy to pump oxygen down to 80-120m depth!

Mission impossible?!


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WEBAP



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WEBAP: How?The use of natural resources: Source of energy: waves Source of oxygen: oxygen-rich surface water

Advantages: Oxygenation & mixing Simple and robust design with no moving parts No need for electricity


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WEBAP: Planning and design18 tests with different wave conditions mooring forces Pump capacity for each wave spectra Stability Optimal ramp (30˚isoptimal) other details


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WEBAP: Pilot IFacts 14 m with, variable ramp faces waves at all conditions outlet at 75m depthMeasurements Pump-capacity, wave parameter, currents,

CTD-profiles, sediment, forces, stability, behaviour, etc.Operation period November 2010 to April 2013 (with interrupted operation

between December 2010 to July 2011)


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WEBAP: Pilot IIFacts 2,5 m in diameter, variable pump-capacity between 1-4m3/s maximal effect use 5 kW outlet at 100m depthMeasurements Pump capacity, CTD-profiles, sediments,

metals, nutrients, currents etc.Operation period April 2011 to September 2012


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WEBAP: Monitoring Online monitoring Field expeditions Water and sediment samples Historical data


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WEBAP



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WEBAP: Evaluation Data evaluation Modeling regional large scale

impacts Laboratory tests

Ecotoxicology O2 start

O2 end

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Results (so far)? Measurements and mapping of the lack of oxygen in the

area indicate that the lack of oxygen in the pilot areas is more widely spread than previously estimated

Measurements confirm the estimated pumping capacity at different wave heights

Large scale implementation modeling establishing that the technique does not affect the salinity stratification

Modeling for the Gotland Deep based on field data show oxygenation of the whole area down to the seafloor after only five years


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Results (so far)? Tests with sediment and organisms from the pilot

sites show no adverse effects of oxygenation Potential to bind up to 100 000 tones of phosphorus,

which can be compared with the annual land supply of around 30 000 tones /yr and the environmental objective to reduce this load by 15 000 tones /yr

Several setups for different conditions (waves, etc.) Modeling of pumping in Kanholmsfjärden based on

field data shows effect of oxygenation not only in Kanholmsfjärden but also in adjacent bays due to the high water exchange


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WEBAP



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Results (so far)? Lifecycle Assessment (LCA) and Lifecycle Cost (LCC)

analyses indicates that the WEBAP is the most sustainable and cost-efficient alternative


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Dissemination an awareness increaseNewspaper, conferences, TV, notice boards, homepage, Facebook, reports, exhibition, flyer, seminars, radio, etc.


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Photo documentationPress a thumbnail in order to see a larger version of an image!

Relaunch WEBAP I.swf


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Project partner & collaboration partnerProject group IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute KTH – Royal Institute of Technology Municipality of SimrishamnCollaboration partner (selection)

Åbo Akademi University, KIMO - Local Authorities International Environmental Organization, Institute of Oceanology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Erken Laboratory, Österlen Trade Society, Marint centrum, Österlens Fishing Association, Xylem Inc, Reinertsen, BWN consulting, Marincenter Syd, Konceptfabriken, MJK, Högmansö varv, Ressel, etc

Collaboration with other projectsBOX, PROPPEN, SEABED, Innovative Aquaculture Åland Islands


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Future: solution combination? Aquaculture? Research station? Tourism/Recreation Energy platform? Entrance to the Baltic?


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More information

Homepage: www.webap.ivl.se

Contact:Christian [email protected]:+46-8-598 56 406

e-post: [email protected]

facebook.com/Wave-Energized-Baltic-Aeration-Pump-Webap

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Wastewater treatment intelligence

The need for R&D facilities to master the future

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Background > 2 billion people have water shortage Diseases due to bad water quality Millions lack proper waste-water treatment Deterioration of quantity and quality of natural water systems Agriculture uses 2/3 of the water that is consumed Increasing water demand for industrial growth New regulations (e.g. EU) Use of chemicals in water treatment <1% recycling Request of use of renewable energy sources Sustainable growth and development

Clear link to wastewater treatment

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What we have: A treatment facilityProblems/Challenges The water sector is a major energy

user GHG emissions Treated water is not used Outflows may contain pollutants,

viruses, pathogens etc. Sludge seen as a problem

SEWAGE WORKS

Wastewater in

Energy in Sludge out

Treated Water out

GHG out

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What we want: A production facility Opportunities

Waste as resource Net energy production Nutrients recovery/reuse Improved treatment Water reuse (non-potable

reuse/augmentation of potable water) Sustainable production of

energy and resources Market opportunitets

SEWAGE WORKS

Wastewater in

Nutrients out

Water reuse

Energy out

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Which technologies/approaches? Resources efficient treatment technologies

Soft sensors | Anaerobic treatment | Anammox | Side stream treatment | Advanced membrane technologies | Process control and modelling | …

Technologies for recovery and reuseNutrient recovery from ashes | Nutrients in sludge/sorbent | Water reuse/ Irrigation (nutrient rich effluent) | Industrial water | Potable water | Augmentation of potable water | Removal of pharmaceuticals, pathogens, viruses etc. | Online water quality monitoring | …

Energy production & carbon neutral/negative processesFlow separation | Increased sludge production | Enhanced Sludge digestion (also co-digestion) | Sewage digestion | Gasification/burning | Microbiological fuel cell | Algae treatment | …

Key ingredient: Combination and

system integration with a

holistic perspective of these different

technologies/approaches to meet

different requirements.

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What other ingredients are needed? Stakeholder involvement (companies, authorities, research organisations,

associations, sewage plants, etc.) Basic and applied R&D partners Innovation Platform Demonstrators Approach and Knowledge Transfer Networks Improving skills base/Education Public dialogue/involvement International co-operation and collaboration

Optimal if you could find all these at the same location!

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Where can this be achieved?Hammarby Sjöstadsverk: A unique research and demonstration plant for wastewater treatment Applied (and basic) research Test and demonstration of new solutions Education Owned by KTH and IVL

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Mätstation Galler Sandfång ev Utjämning Försedimentering Utvecklingslinjer

Henriksdal

Slambehandling

PumpstationLedningsnät

Sludge treatment

Pumping station

Monitoring station

Pretreatment Anaerobic / Aerobic lines

Access to different wastewaters Different aerobic/anaerobic treatment lines Relevant pilot scale for realistic results at affordable costs Mobile secondary/tertiary treatment modules Sludge handling/biogas production System integration Competence

A unique R&D facility

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A platform for wastewater intelligenceOn average active at the facility 5 PhD-students 20-30 Master students, 1-5 trainees 5-10 company experts 5-15 IVL employees 2-6 lectors, professors etc.

PRO

DUC

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OPE

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COLLABORATION EDUCATION EXHIBITIONS

KNOW

LEDG

E TRANSFER

DEMONSTRATION RESEARCH TESTS

Hammarby SjöstadsverkTest- and demonstration facility for innovative wastewater

purification

Resource-effectivewater purification

Energy andclimate

Complementarytreatment

Sewagesystems

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On-going projects Removal of pharmaceuticals from the wastewater Enhanced biogas production Anammox: cost-effective and environmentally friendly nitrogen reduction technology Minimizing the release of GHG by wastewater treatment The use of waste heat for stable temperatures during the biological treatment Bio-assimilation of nutrient in the biological step Membrane distillation for ultra pure water Complementary active sludge – membrane technology Water reuse for non-potable and augmentation of potable water Online water quality monitoring …

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Collaboration partner and sponsors

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More information

Homepage: www.hammarbysjostadsverk.se

Contact:Christian [email protected]:+46-8-598 56 406

e-post: [email protected]

facebook.com/sjostadsverket

ivl swedish environmental research institute

Documents

baltic region

baltic aeration pump

cyanobacteria dead bottoms

pump oxygen

tons of oxygen

aimimproved oxygen situation

natural processes

deep water layers species