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(1866 1942) . , . .. , , , , , , . , , , .. , . ... , ("" "Buddhist Logic"), . .. , .., .. ., .. , , . 1902 . , " ". .., , . .. , , . , , , . , .., , 1* 3

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bouddhiques". Bruxelles, 1932, vol.1, c.413415; 1935, vol.3, c.397: W . R u b e n . "Orientalistische Literaturzeitung". Leipzig, 1933, Jg.36, 1, S.50; C.A.F.Rhys D a v i d s . - "Journ. of the Royal Asiatic s o c " . L., 1934, p.2, Apr., c.361 3 6 4 ; P.Pe 1 1 i o t . - "T'oung Pao", 1 - 2 . Leide, 1932, c.239-240; E.H.Johnston. "Indian Antiquary". Sept. 1933, c.173; P . M a s s o n - O u r s e l . "Revue de l'Histoire des Religions", CVIII, S e p t . - D e c , 1933, c.287; G . T u c c i . - "Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies", VII, 4, c.967-971. To : Th.S t c h e r b a t s k y . Buddhist Logik. Vol.1 2 . Den Haag, Mouton and C", 1958, 1057 c. Photomechanic reprint. .: W . K i r f e l . "Orientalistische Literaturzeitung". ., 1961, Jg.56, Bd 7 - 8 , c.411-415. To : Th.S t c h e r b a t s k y . Buddhist Logik. V o l . 1 - 2 . N.Y., Dover paper, 1962. Dignaga s'Theory of Perception. "Journ. of the Taisho University". Tokyo, 1930, vol.VI-VII, c.89-130. . .. - , 31 1929 . ., 1930, .1315. . ( ., .. ..). ... - , 31 1929 . ., 1930, .1 3. . ( .., .. ..). . ... , 12 13 1929 . ., 1930, . 16-21. . Abhidharmakocaklrikah Abhidharmakocabhasyam Vasubandhu. . ... ., ., 19171930, . 1 - 2 , V, 192 . (Bibl. Buddh., X X ) . .: . 1 1 io t. - "T'oung Pao", 1932, .240; E . J . T h o m a s Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1933, c.167. SphutirthI Adhidharmakocavyakhya, the work of Yacomitra, Second Kocasthana. Ed. by prof. U.Wogihara and prof. Th.Stcherbatsky and carried through the press by E.E.Obermiller. ., , 1931, 96 . (Bibl. Buddh., XXI).

.: P.Pe 1 1 i . - "T'oung-Pao". Leide, 1932, c.259; E . J . T h o m a s . "Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of the Great Britan". L., 1933, c.259. 50. B u - s t o n . History of Buddhism (Chos-hbyung). P.1 2. LeipzigHeidelberg, 1931-1932 (Materialen zur Kunde des Buddhismus. Hrsg. von M.Walleser. H. 1 8 - 1 9 ) . P. 1. The Jewelry of Scripture. Transl. from Tibetan by Dr. E.Obermiller. With an introd. by Th.Stcherbatsky. 187 c. P. 2. The History of Buddhism in India and Tibet. Transl. from Tibetan by Dr. E.Obermiller. 232 Bibliogr. .: L. de la V a 1 1 u s si n. "Melanges chinois et bouddhiques". Bruxelles, 1932, vol.3, c.364-366. A7

1932 . 51. The Doctrine of the Buddha. "Bui. of the School of Orient, studies". L., 1932, vol.6, p.4, c.867 8 9 6 . .. (.: A . B . K e i t h . The Doctrine of the Buddha. "Bull, of the School of Orient. Studies". L., 1931, vol.6, p.2). To , .: La doctrine du Buddha."LePensee bouddhuque" (Bulletin des Amis du Bouddhisme). Oct. 1944, * 1, c.5-12; Janv. 1945, 2, c.15-22. 1934 r. 52. The Buddhist Logic (Selbstanzeige). - "Rocznik Orientalistyczny". Lwow, 1934, t.10, c.179-185. 53. The "Dharaas" of the Buddhists and the "Gunas" of the Samkhyas. "The Indian Historical Quarterly". Calcutta, 1934, vol.10, 4 , c.737-760. 54. Die drei Richtungen in der Prilosophie des Buddhismus. "Rocznik Orientalistyczny". Lwow, 1934, t.10, c.1 37. 55. .: V.Bh a t t h a r a. The Basic Conception of Buddhism. Calcutta, 1934. "Indian Historical Quarterly", vol.10, U,' c.737-760. 56. Miss. Alexandra Schneider, Professor I.P.Minayeff. The Russien Indologist 18401890. Prefactory Note by Prof. Th.Stcherbatsky. "The Indian Historical Quarterly". Calcutta, 1934, vol.10, 6, c.811-826. 57. .. . ' - (18821932). ., 1934, .15-23. .: ... 50- -. . 18821932. ., 1934, . 15 2 3 . : " - " ( ). .-., 1935, .4, .23-30. 1936 . 58. Madhyanta Vibhanga. Discourse on discrimination between Middle and Extremes, ascribed to Bodhisattva Maitreya and commented by Vasubandhu and Sthiramati. Transl. from the sanscr. (and the Tibetan) by Th.Stcherbatsky. M.-L., Acad. of sciences of USSR, 1936, VIII, 106, 058 (Bibl. Buddh., XXX). . : L . d e l a V a l l e e P o u s s i n . "Melanges chinois et Buddhiques". Bruxelles, 1937, vol.5, 2 7 1 - 2 7 3 . 59. Obituary Notice of Dr. E.E.Obermiller: "The Indian Historical Quarterly". Calcutta, 1936, vol.11, 2, c.380-382. "Journal of the Greater Society". 1936, III, 2, c.211-213. 1969 r. 60. Papers of Th. Stcherbatsky. Trans, by Harish C.Gupta, ed. with an Introduction by Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya (Soviet Indological Series, 2 ) . Calcutta, 1969. 48

1971 . 61. Further Papers of Stcherbatsky. Transl. by Harish C. gupta (Soviet Indological Series, 6 ) . Calcutta, 1971.

1. , . . 1926 (?). 2. Nyayavartikatatparyattka of Vacaspatimicra. 1927. ... 3. Nyaya-Kanika of Vacaspatimisra. . 1930. 4. B . L . A t r e y a . The Philosophy of Vosistha. 1930 ( Hindu University Benares). 5. Mahaya nosatunuccaya. 1. 1934. 6. On the Buddhist Sect of the Yogacaras. 1934 ( "Indian Historical Quarterly"). 7. Buddhist Ideologia. 1934 ( ). 8. . 1935 ( , ..). 9. . ... 1936. 10. , 1936 ( ..). 11. Madhyanta-vibhanga. Maitreya. 4.II, 1936. 12. (Vidhiviveka). , /../ ( " ", .II). 13. . , /../ ( ' " ", .III). 14. Sambanandhapariksiprakarana. . , /../. 15. Pramariavartika. , /../. 16. Laghu-Siddhanta-Kaumudl. . ( , ), /../.

0 .. . -" .". ., 1918, .6, 16, .17121724. : .., ., .., ... .: " " " .". . ., 1918, .1712-1724. . . .. "". ., 1932, .50, .573-574. . . . . . . 1. .62. ., 1933, .797 7 9 8 . Fedor Uppolitovich Stecherbatsky (Obituary Notices). "Journ. of the Royal Asiatic S o c " . L., 1943, p.1, c.118-119. 49

5. .. . . " ". - - . ., 1946, .5, .III, .244-252. 6. . 19171947. . ., 1948, .340-341. 7. R a h u l S a n k r i t y a y a n . Sahitya nibandhavali, 2nd ed. Allahabad, Kitab mahal, 1949 ( . ). 8. D . N . S h a s t r i . Contribution of Th.Stcherbatsky to Indian philosophy. - "The Modern Review". Calcutta, 1953, vol.93, 2, c.117-120. To : . M., 1958, .XXVIII, .75 8 0 ( ) . 9. N a r e n d r a d e v i A c h a r y a . Baudhadharma-darshan. Patna Bihar rastrabhasa parishad, 1956, c.296306 ( . ). 10. . . . .. (1866 1942). 15- . " ". ., 1957 2, .241-245. 11. .. . . .2. .48. ., 1957, .265. 12. R a h u l S a n k r i t y a y a n , Jin ka main kritajna. Allahabad, Kitab mahal, 1957, c.195199 ( . ). 13. R a h u l S a n k r i t y a y a n . Puratattva nibandhavali, 2nd ed. Allahabad Kitab mahal, 1958, c.246 (1st ed.: Prayang, Indian press, 1937) ( . ). 14. .. . ... ". ". ., 1958, 3, .136-143. 15. /.. /, .. . / / ( 725). " . ". .4. .-., 1959, .271-276. 16. .. (1866-1942). -". ". ., 1960, 7, .13 . 17. " ". -" ". ., 1960, 3, .34. 18. . . . . " ", 296, , .13. ., 1960, .85-86. 19. .. . ... " ". ., 1962, .9, .150-151. 20. . . . . ". . . " ( ). ., 1962, 2, .112121. 21. G a u r a n g a g o p ' a l S e n g u p t a . Videsiya Bharat-vidya Pathik; Calcutta, Contemporary publishers, 1964, 2 7 5 2 7 6 ( . ). 22. . . . "", 6..'1966, .. 23. . . . ( . ). " ". 1966, 6, . 147 150. 24. Fedor Ippolitovich Shcherbatskoi. Birth Gentenary 18661966 (A Brief Biographical note). National Library. Calcutta, 1966. 25. . . . . . . 5. . ., 1967, .236 2 5 7 . 50

26. .. . 100 ... - " ". ., 1967, 2, .111-113. 27. .. (1866 1942 .). . . 3. -, 1968, . 3 - 7 . 28. , ' ... . ., 1972, . 5 5 0 . 29. .. . ... . 1985, 2, .123-131.

1. , VI-VII . .. /1/*. . , , , . 1 . , , 2, ' 1*. . , , , 5 , , 7 /2/. . . . 8 * .. () .. ( ; ).1 2 3 4 5 6 7

8 8

parartha-anumna. adhyavasaya-nisaaya-vikalpa. apoha-vada. svartha-anumana. nirvikalpaka-pratyaksa. pramanya-vada. bahya-artha-anumeyatva-vSda.

.

54

, . , . , , 9 . , , /3/. 11 10, , 12 . /4/. , , -, /5/, .. " ". 13. . , , , , . , , , . , . , , , , , , . 11* /6/. , III. , 15, , 16 "" "" . , , .

(), {vaisesika) [), -

910 11

vada-vidhi-eodaria'-pvakarana.

hetu-vidya. pramana-vidya. 12 samyag-jnana-vyutpadana. 13 laukika-vidya, . Mldhy. v r t t i , c.58.14, " N i r vlna", .140. 14 . TSP, .259.21 - kvaaid arthe paramarthato vivdksa asti, anvauino'rthasya abhavat . . . (sarvesu i t i paksesu samanam dusanam). bahya =phyi-rol~pa. 16 tlrthika. 55

2, , , . , , 17 . 16 19 , " " . . I V . .. , . , , 500 . .., 1500 , , 500 . , 20, , , , .

3. . 21 22. . 23, antya-dharma-eakra-pravartana. , : , , . , . 19 tricdkra = hkhor-lo-gsum. * 20 "The Central Conception of Buddhism and the Meaning of the Word "Dharma". London, 1923 (RAS) "The Conception of Buddhist Nirvlna". Leningrad, 1927. 21 pudgala. 22 dharma. 23 saerava-ariasmva.1 17

56

"*, 25 . " "". . , 28 , 29 /8/. , , , , 3 0 . , , 31 , ; , "", 3 2 , 33 /9/. , 3"1, . . " -". 3 5 . , . , , , 36. , , 37 , . : , 38, 39, , - , , /10/.samklesa^oyavadanika. ku'dala-akueala. 26 eamklesa-vyavadaniko dharmah. 27 nirodha = santi = nirvana. 28 eamsara. 29 duhkha = eatrieara. 30 anusaya = duhkba-^posaka. 31 oitta-maha-bKmika dhqrmah. 32 ariStma^vada. 33 pudgalo nasti = anatmatva 34 samskara-^pravaha. 35 bahya-ayatana=visaya, (/) . 36 pradhana = prakrti. 37 anitya. 38 kimait sthayi. 39 sarvam prthak.25 24

2

57

, , , . 10 * , . , 1*1. , , ", "1*2. " "1*3, . 1*1*, , ., , /11/. . , 1*5, 1 /12/. *6 , . ' , , , . , , , , "" " "1*7. , , , , , , 1, , , , 9 8 1 * , , , * , 50 , , , , , , . , , . , . 1 l 142

pratZtya-samutpada. asmin eati idam bhavati. * vipaka-hetu = karma. " 5 samskara = samskrta-dharma. 46 oitta-aaitta'. 41 . 1(8 rupa-sabda-gandha-rasa-spxvistavya-ayatanani,43 50

* hetu-pratyaya-vyavastha. * adffitya-samutpada.

vedana-samffia-samskara.

58

, .. 51 , , "" 52 . , 53 5"* , . , , 55 . , , , . . 56. , , , , , , . 57 , , /13/. . " ", , , 56 . , , , .. , , , , " "59 . . " ", 60 , : 1) 51 52 53 51f 55 56 57 58 59 60

nirodha = nirvana. dharma~praviaaya. marga. vLhana-prdhana. a. yoga. dhyana = eamadhi = yoga. arya = arhat = yogin. prajna amala. catvari arya-satyani=aryasya buddhasya tattvani. 59

, 2) , 3) , 4) , , , /14/. , , " " /15/. , /16/. , , . , . , . , , . , , . 18 , /17/. /18/ , . 4.

. , , , , . . . , -, , , , , . , , , , , , , 6 1 . . , , 62 63 , 61 62 63

60

anapekgah svabhavah = earva-dharma-eunyaia. eamekrta-dharma. eamskSra.

. , 61 *. , , , , , , . 65, ""66 " ", 67. 66, , 69 , 70 71 /19/ ; , "" 72. , , . , , , 73 . 7 "-" "" " /20/; "-"75, , /21/.* paraspara-apeksa = sunya = evabhava-sunya. dharma-kSya = dharma-rasi. 66 dharrm-. 67 Dharma-kaya = Buddha. 68 dharma. 69 skandha ( 5 ) . 75 ayatana ( 1 2 ) . 71 dhatu ( 1 8 ) . 72 svabhava-sunya. 73 oitta-scomprayvkta-samskura. 7S anatma-vada = nih-svahhava^oada = pudgala-nairStmya - pudgalasunyata. 75 dharma-nairatmya = dharma-sunyata = svabhava-sunyata=paraspara-apekeata, emya-ta. , "Nirvana" (.43, .1), , dbhava, itaretara-abhava=pava-apeksata, (=rinispannata) "". abhava, . Nyaya e u t r a I , 1,34 ( . W . R u b e n . Die Nylya s u t r a s . An. 260). . Abhisamayalankaraloka ( M i n a e f f . MSS. fol.71b, .7 9 ) dharmasya dharmena eunyatvat earva-dhaxmz = nyaHa, sarva-dharmmam samekrta-asamskvta-raser itaretarapeksatvena svabhana-aparinispannatvat.65 6

61

, , . , 76 , - 77, , , , 78 . . ; 79. " " , . , . , , - , ; ,. "" , . 80. , , "". ; , . , : , 82. , , . , " ", " " . , 83. , ' , , . , , , , 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83

pratZtya-samutpada. evabhavata utpadah. . M a d h y a m i k a - k a r i k a h T S . . " N i r v a n a " , . 4 1 . . , . 4 0 , . 2 . samovti-satya. samrta-satya = paramSrtha-eatya. *. , . 2 0 5 .

62

. , , , , sub specie aeternitatis. . . , , , " " .., 81 *. , . , . /22/. , , . " " " " , , " ", , , , , , , . , , , 85 " "86 8 7 . " ", , " "88 /23/ " "89 /24/, 90 , sub specie aeternitatis . . " "91 8

" , . 183.

85 86 87 88 89 90 91

paramita. -. nirvana = dharma-kaya. prajKa^parami-. juana-kaya. svabJiava-kaya. sambkoga-kaya.63

. . . - , , 92 , . " " . , " ". , , , "" . , /25/. , . , " " , , , " ". , ""93 , , " ", "" . .

5. 500 , , . /26/, . , . , , , /27/. , . , , . "Cogito, ergo sum". "

satya". 64

samvrti; eambhoga-kaya " duhkhablja - prakrti-stham gotvcon.

, , , , , , , ". " , , . "91*. , , 95, , , /28/. . , , , , , . . , 96 97. , , ; . 98, 99 100 . . , , 101 , 102. . , 103 "-" , , * SDS , , -, , viniscaya, . NK, .261. o6pa3OM:cog"itantem sentio, ne sit aaeaus mundus amnis = svasamvedanam angtkxzryam, anyatha jagad-andhyam prasajyeta. . , , sva-samveda aogito ergo sum, . Mahlyana-sutrllankara II, 20.95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103

9 1

. BL. V o l . I I , . 2 9 , . 4 . vijnana-matra-vada = sems-tsam-pa. nirSlambana-vada, parikalpita. para-tantra. pari-nispanna. a. pavaspara-apeksa. alaya-vijnana.6 5

3 . 1594

. , , , , , , , , "" . , . " " " "101*, , , . , , , , , , "-"105 , . . , , , 106. , , , 1 0 7 , . "", , . , . , , . . (. ). 6.

, , . 1 105 106 107 107

anadi-vasana. agama-anusavin. nyaya-vadin. . BL. V o l . I I , .329.

66

{sarva-dharma-sunya ta)

{bahya-artha-sunyata) - -

{pudga - )

. . . , -, , , -108 . : 1) [C3rvaka-Baz>haspatya), 2) , 3) , 4) , 5) (Aupanieada-Vedanta), 6)) 7) -. 1) 1 0 9 , . , , . , 1 1 0 . , 1 1 1 . , , . , , . , , , "", . . , . , . , . , 112 . , , , , . , , . . , ..: B.C.Law. Historical Gleanings. Calcutta, 1922, .21 . "--" . ' . .. . . . 110 SDS, .7. 111 , . .112

, , , .. 68

, . , 113 , . , -, ; . , , . , , , . , , , . , , . " , 111*, !" ' , /29/. 2) , , 115 , , , , , . , . 6 1 1 . , . , , , 117 . , .: "" I, 39-40. SDS, .7. u s , samklesa-vyavadaniko dharmah , .. . 116 . . X. , . 117 .m

113

69

. , 118 , . , . " ". , , . , , . , , . , , " , "119. "" "-"120. , , , ** . "" , , . "He-" , . 1 , 1 2 . 122 , ., . 1 2 3 , ; . , " 1 " 2 \ . , "" 125 , , , /30/.118 119 120 121 122 123 12 125

paudgalikam. . H . J a c o b i . ERE, " J a i n i s m " . eUS.nta-aneka.nta, . NS I V . 1 , 2 5 , 2 9 . S v l y a m b h u v a - y o g a , . NK, . 3 2 . . H . J a c o b i . ERE, " J a i n i s m " . syad-vada. anirvaoariZya-avaktavya. anabhiTapya-aniwaoanii/a-sUnya.

70

3)

. , . , , , , , , , 1 2 7126 . , , 128 , , . 129 . 130 . , 131 , , . , , 132 . , , , . . 1 3 3 . ; . , , , , . . , Tsvara-pradhariadi, . TSP, . 11,131 Tatp., .338, 1 4 . , (IV, 1) / 3 1 / , pradhana brahman , ; . IV, 1.44, sarupya. 128 pradhana. 129 avyakta.127 126

130131 132 133

. pvatiksana-pavinama. jada. : Cp'. NB NBT, . I I , . 2 0 3 .71

131 ; *, , . , 135 . /32/, , . , staccato . , legato, , . " "136, , 137 . " " , , , , 138. , , , - . "" [ dharma) , , . 139 , . . , , , . , "", . " . V; 25 . , .80. . , .42 . 136 "sarvam anityam", . NS IV, 1.25 . 137 "sarvam nityam", . , IV, 1.29 .; , (katva). 138 sat-karya-vada. 139 . S.N.D a s g u p t a. History, I, c . 2 4 3 2 4 4 ; "Reals" ; , , . Guna, dharma, "Dinge mit absolut einfacher Qualitat".135 13

72

0 , 1 " , , , , dharmah, "". , , . /34/. 4)

, , , , , , . , , , . , , , , . (Patafijala^yoga) . 1, - {Svayambhuva-yoga)11* , , ; " " , , , , . , , . , , , , , , 12 . "-llt0 . / 3 3 / : vidyanianam dravyam (, . 2 6 , . ) , dravya ksanikam, " ". - {satkarya-vadin), , . . NK, .32 T a t p . , . 4 2 8 . 2 0 . , , (Vltsyayana) NS I , 1,29, , - ., JRAS, 1927, .854 . , , . T u x e n . Yoga, .62 .

73

" * , 1 . anityah sarve samskarah samskara samskrta-dhar. Samskara, , karcma-sadhana, "" karma-sadhana samskrta-dharma. , , samskara-samuha, . ( IX), sa Caitra-abhidhanah samskara-earmha-samtanah.69 70 71

( I , 15) , samskrta

-

I , 2 2 . I I , 3 7 . I t , 4 6 .

130

(sphota) . , . ( . . ) , . {sa.bda-ru.pa~ prasada), {srotra-vijua). . , , , , . , , : {vyanjana), "", {) {pada)72. , -eabhagata, , , "" samanya 7 3 . , . . 7 - [) ". VIII. , , . : (1) 75 , ; (2) 72 ; (3) , I I , 47 . Vyahjana Varna san jnd, pada vakya, , , : " , sphota, vyanjana-nama-pada-samsKara". . samsicara-skandha, pabda, vijnana-shandha; . "" "Santanantarasiddhi". "Bibliotheca Buddhica".73 74

72

I I , 41 . . S . Z . A u n g .

Compendium, . 1 5 7 .131

5*

, (); (4) . , , : (1) dharma anatman; (2) eamskrta-dharma anitya; (3) sasravadharma duhkha (4) nirvana santa. , ' (), , . , 75 "" . . Anatman anatman "-", , atman , ego, ,7 6 , , . . . : -, , (), , , [dharma). "" (nairatmya) , (dharmata)77. , , ( dharma). , , , santana, . . "" . , , , . 18 (dhatu) . , prapti, . , "", , , duhkha, : . S.Z.Aung. Compendium, .210. , , , "Soul Theory of the Buddhists". Atma, jZvan, sattva, pudgala ; . "Soul Theory", .838 "Kathivatthu-atthakatha", .8. pudgala atman; pudgalavadin, atmavadin. , pudgala, dharma; . "Soul Theory" ( " "). Pravaoanadharmata punar atra nairatmyam buddhanusSsani va,, IX, .13275

. , , , , . . "" ; . aui generis. : ", , " . " , " 7 9 . [dharma), , , , , (karitva, laksana), . () , , . : " . . " , ; : " . . " , , , , 8 0 . ; , ; , , , sui generis, , 8 1 .78 IX vidyamanam dravaym; : vidyamanam dravyam. *. " S o u l T h e o r y " . 9 4 3 .79

evalaksanato-

Prthivi ' gandhav'atity ukte'rupa-gandha-rasa-spareebhyo nanya darsayitum sakyate, IX, . "Soul Theory", .942. 81 "History of Indian Philosophy" (Cambridge, 1922), c.244, . . , ( . . ). ( ) I I I , 12 (sapeksiko dharma-dharmi-bhavah) . mi-avarupa-imtro hi dharmah ( , I I I , 13). dharmivikriyaiva esa dharma-dvara prapanayak. dharmin, . , , , , . . ., , , , , , , dharma. "Vijnlnamltra-siddhi" dharma tattva (.).133

80

Svataksana-dharanad

dharmah,

I , 3 .

. , , dHar-

, , , . . . "" -63 /16/.IX. PratZtya-eamutpada ()

-

[dharma) , , , ; , , , . pratityasamutpada. , dharma , . (eamskrtatva) , {8am-utpada) [tZtya) 1> . , , . " " dharma-aanketa, , , " - , - - " aamin sati idem bhavati*5.82

, , , , , ( " S a m y u t t a " I I I , 4 6 ) . " , , , , ( , , , ), " , . . " " ( ) . , ( n t A r t h a ) //

(neyartha).83

I X , . " S o u l T h e o r y " , . 8 4 0 , , anatma 5 skandha, Mayatana 18 dhatu, . . dharma; dharma niheattva. dharma-nieeatta-nijjvoa " / / " , . , P a l i dharma, . 4 ( U n b e l e b t e s D i n g , S a c h e ) . dharma, , " ()" . nieeatta madhyama-pada- nirgatah-sattvah, bahuvrihi nirgatdh sattvo yasmat. I , 46: samskrtatvam pratbtya-aamutpannatvam iti paryayav etau; sametya eambhuya pratyayaih krtam eamekrtam; tarn tarn pratyayam pratZtya samutpannam pratbtya = eamutpannam iti. 85 A I I I , 18, 28, . I I , 47 50. K 1348

12 ; , , , 8 6 . pratltya-samutpada " ", . ayatana, , {samutpadyate), (pratTtya) . " " . " " , , . . " , , , , ., . dhavma "..." ., .XVI. , , ; , , - vijnana, buddhi . , (vijnana nidana), 18 dhatu, " oitta oaitta bhautika". vijiiana . 1, 35, .62, 6 1, 22, .47, 18 C.Rhys D a v i d s . Buddh. Psych., .25. tattva , , 18, . (sarirasthana, IV), . , vijnana " " , , , {avidya, ), , . trena , . . , , "-" (utkarsas tv abhivyan-jakah . Sugruta "Sutrasthana'J XII) , , , {sarvam nitycan), , {.savoam sarvatmakam), - , .13586

?", .. , (pratZtya-samutpada) , {samskrta-dharma)!. : " ' ( , ) , "87. . , (sdhabhu) bhautika. ( - t a aaitta). eit ( "", aitta), . , , , . samprayoga, .. , anuparivartana, .. {aaitta). He , - , , . , "", "", (dharma). , "" , , , 88 . , {aitta) : , , , , {mati=prajria), (saniadhi) .. 89 '. 0 , (samprayoga)* . III, 25. . . . "...", .223. II, 52 oitta. , , . . Asl., .42: ekuppadadlnam vaeena sanpayogattho vutta. 4 samskvta-Laksana 4 4 oitta, , , 58 aitta 59- (, II, 52). 90 ( C . R h y s D a v i d s . Buddh. Psych, .54), -, 13687

, , , , . , , , /17/. X. . "" (adrsta, apurva) , . (1) , (sabhaga~hetu), (2) , {), (3) , {vipaka-hetu) . , , , , , . . , , . (vipaka-phala) (avyakrta) , , , . (karma). , , vaeana, . , , , , . () . , " . , vijnana ; " " , , vijnana = vada. aampva : . Asl., .42, I, 35, .62, 9 , oitta, aaitta. 137

" (vipaka) [karma), [aattvakhydh), (avyakrtodharmah). , , , . - , . - , , , , , , . , : -91 {cetaria) (oetayitva karanam) . , -, 92. , , .. 18 {dhatu) , , . vLjnana. Inidana) " ". , .. , . " " samskava /18/, .. , . , , avidya, "", [klepa) , (prajNA). (dHAtu) . . ; - (rupa-iprcwada) "" (indriya). "" ikayencbiya) . , , . , . , , (sabftagaja). [nisyanda) . , . , . , , , " " (-) . , 91 92

IV, 1 . "Anguttara", .IV, 415.

138

, . {), (vipaka) () , , (upaoayaja, vipakaja). " " sabhaga-nisyanda , . , " () , . : (anna-vipesa), (svapna-visesa), (samskara-visesa) (samadhi-viees'a). ' , . , , . , (v-ipAKa) . , . : , ? : "", , , vipaka, 93. , , , . , , . (paudgalika) , , , , . , .. , karma-vipaka, . , , .' vipaka, (nisyanda). , " " (mahapurusa), .*. , , , . , , , , .. , .

1, 37 = santano vipaka = santanasya parivara = avastffinenaiva araksa. 139

93

{vipa-kaja). . , .. {vipakaja), , , 94 . {) (samtana) . , "" () , , . " " {earvatraga-hetu), {eantana), . "" (avidya), , " ". , "", {^-). , "" . (kleea) . - , , , , 95. , , , . [ bhautika), (aitta oaitta) . (aevita) , ^ . , , , , . (eahabhu) . , 97. I, 37, , .65 . " sthana" hetu-^pratyaya. . I, 35, 6, , .64 . upadaya=, .. bhutani upadaya; . I, 35. 97 , II, 51.95

: sankleea-vayavadanikam idem eaetram

140

[oitta), {anuparivartante) , , , 9 8 . , , ; , . , /19/, , . , {bhuta, bhautika)^. . , , , . (lakeana) , , ' , 1 0 0 , . . . , , . . , 1 0 1 /20/.XI.

, . , , , - , _ , oitta oaitta sa~ habhu, , . . , . oaitta oitta , samprayoga. (.oaitta) "" oitta, , "", . , . 99 , I, 3 5 . 100 (Sarlrasthana, .1) , laksana bhuta spars = endriya = gocaram. 1 , , Garbhavakranti-sut ( ) , , " (.. nidana, vijfiana) saddhatuka, .. : vijnana, mahabhuta akasa; bhautika . , mahabhuta, bhuta bhautika, vijnana, oitta oaitta ( I, 3 5 , , .62, 6 . ) . ("Sutrasthina", X I I ) , . , , utkavsa, - . 141

, - {). , , ' . , (dharma), . - -. 1 0 2 . , , . , , . , , . , , . 0 3 ; , , 1 . , , , . , . , 101*. , , , , , . , , , , 1 0 5 . , (prthaktva) , , I I I , 15; . : S.Z.Aung. Compendium, .25. , , , . , . "Creative Evolution", .2. " , (-) , ". ; , utpadan niranvaya =viriapah, . "NyayabindutTka", .68. "Vedlnta= sutra" I I , 2, 6 "Safikhya=sutra" I , 4 4 - 5 . 1011 "Kathlvatthu" XXII, 8: = aitta =khanika= sabbe = dharma. 105 , -, anitya, . . . , , , : viruddha* dharma = samsargad dhy anyad vastu.., . : "Nyayabindutikl", c.5 (Bibl; Ind.). yat eat tat , - , . "Ksanabhangasiddhi". ("Six Buddhist Tracts", Bibl. Ind.) .1 102

142

, , . . , , . . , . . , , , , . , , mahabhuta, . , 1 0 6 . , , . () , 1 0 7 . , , , , , . 1 0 8 . , , {samskara) (utpada), (jara), [sthi) {anityata)109 , , (samskrta-laksanani). , , (samskrta-dharma). He [asamskrta-dharma), eamekvta ', .. 110 .106 IV, 2 gativ riapat: , nirantara = utpa . , " " . 107 I I , 4 6 . . . , , samskara, . 1 8 I I , 4 6 . . . - , . 109 : , . 110 samskrta = dharma " " (compound) oontradiotio in adjeaio. Dharma , . , "", dharma. 143

da,

. 111 . , lupalaksana), . , , , . -. [) , , , , , , . , , , , , {dvavyatah santi). , , , , , . , , . , {svabhava) , (Kaz*itva, ). , , ,' , , . {utpada) () , , , . {dharma) , . , . " , , , "112. , , , " - 113 . " "111*, , , citta caitta = dharma mahabhuta . = parisamapti = laksana eso ksanah, AK, II, 46; .: "Nylyabindutlkl", .13 (Bibl. Ind'.) : 'ksanike vaetuni.., , eka=kriyS Karitvena sahakari grhyate. ksanasya (jnanena) prapayitum a^akyatvat ( , .16). xv * svalaksana, . 144112

, 116 . . 117 , .. . , .. , {santana)116. , , , . , . , . , , : (dharma-evdbhava) (dharma-lakeana). , . (nitya), , , . (sarvada ). , , , . : , (utpatti-dhavma), , (anutpatti-dharma). (.ksana) (dharma), , ," , , , . , "" , , 1 1 9 . "" (kala), - , , "" [adhvan). , " ", , , , paramartha sat, . , , , . , tatkalikt gatih, () , C D . ; B . S e a l . Positive Sciences, .77. 117 dravyato santi, AK II, 46. 118 . 119 upadana-skandha, . I , 7, , . 12, 6.116 115

115

145

, , , "", *. . . , , , , , .. , , . * , . , , , , , 120. , , , ; 121. , . , , , . , " " 122 . 1 2 3 /21/.

XII. - " " , " ", . . , -. . V, 24 ; . I. IX; "Soul Theory", .949. "Kathavatthu" I, 8 . , . , (McGovern). , , . vibhajya = vada , v-ibhajya =vadin (. "Rathavatthu", ), -, .121 120

123

. I.

146

, -, , . (eatkarya-vSda) . (pratikqaruz =). ' , 121*. 125 , , 126 1 2 7 . , . . , , 128. ", /22/, - , , 130 129, " . , : , , , 131 . dharma () , . dharma132 ; , "" , , . , , , , , , . , (eakti)133 (yogyatavaaahinna)131*, samakara. , (dharmin). , " " (adhvan) " " (1). adhvan 135 .12125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 13 135

"Bhasya" , . III, 52. . = tatkvamayoY nasti vastu=samaharah, v'astusUnyo buddhanirmanah, . parinamanvitah, . , sarve dharmah. t ,atksanoparvddhah. IV, '. I I I , 13. I I I , 14. , I V , 1 2 . .

147

, , . "Dharma, , " . {dharma) {) ; , 137. , 1 3 8 , , (samskrta-taksanani) . , , 139 . , . 1"*0. (dravya) (bHAva). , , . /23/. , , , , (), , , , . . , . /24/ {avastha), .. (kavitva), . , III, 13. . , , ; , .. . "Vyisa=bhasya", . IV, 12, . I. adhvan "", : adhva = visistataya sattvam trayanam avikistam (. "Vyasa = bhasya" IV, 12). : ye tu bhuta=bhavi-ndh ksanats te parihamanvita vyakhyeyah ( , III, 5 2 ) . IV, 12 III, 5 2 , purvottara= ksanah santi. 139 . I. 10 .137 136

18

. : , , .. , , , "" {) , . , . "" /25/, , -, .11 1 * , , , . "" III, 13 , . , . {dharma) {laksana) {avastha). "Bhasya". , , {dharma), {laksana) {avastha) , . " , , , ... {dharma) {laksana), {avastha), , . , , 11 , " *2. , , , , - , , {sapeksika)11*3. , , . {parinama-vada), {satkarya-vnda). , . . ,

11(1 , , Bhavya, . R o c k h i . l l . Life of Buddha. 12 . . J.H.Wood "Yoga System of Patanjali" (Harvard O.S.), .217. 1 Vyasa III, 15.

149

, -11*1*,XIII.

, duhkha, , , . . , , - . , " (aaksuh) " 1 1 ( 5 , " 6 sasrava ( . . ) " 1 1 * , 1 > > 7 "" "" , , . , , , , , , . (ye dharma hetu-prabhavah) : " () , , , ". , , "Yoga= s u t r a " "Bhasya", , . . . . . - , . , . . I , 19, , . 3 1 , 5 . , I , 9, , . 13, 6. upadana-skandha, duhkha duhkha = samudaya ( I , 8, , B.W.). avya = s a t y a "Arian f a c t s " (M.Ting C.Rhys Davids) , "". , , (dharma) : () (duhkha) (samudaya), (nirodha) (), , . Sasrava =dharma , duhkha samudaya, anasrava =dharma , nirodha ; . I , 3. , duhkha "", 72 dharma upadana =skandha. , "ye dhamnia". duhkha parinama-duhkha. , Sadaw , duhkha, . : C . R h y s Davids. Buddh. Psych., . 8 3 ; . : S . S c h a y e r . Mahayanistische E r l o s u n g s lehren, c.6.11(6

150

* , , , utpatti = dharma anutpatti = dharma, .. , , . {dharma) , - , {heya), . , . . : , , sasrava150, .. " " ; " " (anasrava), .. , 151. (kle), , .. ', {santana), . {sasrava-dharma) ; {), . , 152 , , . "" {dharma), , : (1) , , .. , ; (2) ; (3) , -

11

8

1

. I, 1.^

150

'

1 >

. I, 3. sru, , , karma , "" . 151 asamkrita anasrava ( I, 3 ) . 152 1, 2. dharma = praviaaya . 151

5 3 1 . . "prajna", "". citta-maha-bhu , . . , . mati , - . _ prajna amala " ", anasraoa prajna " ( )". {santana) , , "" , , 151*. , "" {akusala) ; . , , () (.dharmata), , {pudgala, atnia), 18 [dhatu). {.satkaya-dreti) , , . "" {.akusala) . , anutpatti-dhar, . . , , , {nirodha) " " (.pratisankhya-nirodha)155.153 , ", " (dharma), . I , 15, , .27, 8. - , , , dharma, . : IX, "Soul Theory", .844. " , " , dharma ( , .837). 151t I , 2 . . 155 Pratieahkhya prajfla amala; , prajna prasahkhyana -, , kleea. , , samkhya, . prati = , , , . I , 4. , , prati =moksa , prati = vijhUp'ti, . ; prati = buddha, , "" (.:. 1 d e b e r g . Die Lehre der Upanischaden, . 131) ,, , .

152

dreti=marga, .. dharma. 156 , bhavana = heya , .. , . . "" , . , , , . , , () , , , . , 157 , , "" (santana), 14, 18 158. "" , , , , {eatkaya = dreti) , , , , , , .. cmatma = dharma = . {saerava), (dhatu 1-5 7-10) (dhatu 1317, 15 dhatu) 159. , , , . {anasrava = dharma) , - karma, .. (duhkha), . , , 160 . [utpatti), {samapatti), , . , I, 20. Bhasya . . I, 30, , .53, 4, , , .159160 156

dhatu 7 8 1415 . I , 4 0 . I , 30, rupa-Dhatu. 153

vijnana-dhatu) 161 {dharma-dhatu) -

, , .. , . , [dhatu): (mano-dhatu), (

, . , dharm. , , . , . , , . {nirvana) , -. , , , {duhkha). , , , , . , , , .. , 162 .. , meUj , 1 6 3 . , , , . , , , " , "161*, . , . 161

skrta = dharma,

. (, , ) " ": (asanjnl =samapatti) [nirodha = samapatti). . () dharma , . , -

aeamekrta = dharma.

I , 1

31.-

116

, I , 17, . 3 0 , 5. Bertrand R u s s e l . Problems of Philosophy, . 3 1 .

154

, (pasanavat) [akasavat), , . , , , 165 , . , , , .. 166 (eva-praKApa) . XIV. , , , , . . - , , , , , . , . - , 167 . , , "" 1 6 8 . , , (dharma) , .. ? , .. , {dharma). , , . , , , , "" "" . A . B . K e i t h . Indian Logic, .261, . avibhago hi buddhyatma. 167 "Yoga= sutra" I, 4, 7. 168 "Vedanta=sara", 29.166 165

155

. (pratltya = eamutpada), , , , . (), -- () (oitta), , , [&) 1 6 9 . ' , (visaya) ()17". , : , , , - , , "", , , "" ? , "", , , , ? () () "" , , , . : , , . , "" (/)171, , , 169 Trayanam aannipatah sparkah. " " , aaitta = dhavma. 170 Caksuh pratitya oaksur = vijndnam utpadyate.

aakeur = vtjnana sa, , , - . 171 , , , . , , (euddham pratyaksam = kalpanapodham = svalakeanam-kqana-^paramarthasai); (jnanena prapayitum na sdkyate) , , (.). - , , . 156

, . , , : , , , . ( ) , . , ( sadhayitum sakyam), , (avarjarityataya), ' (siddMnta = prasiddham). "" 172 : . : " ". ? . ! ( , .) , , , . (sa) . ( ) . , , . . "" ( )? . , , () , - . , , ( , ) . " " , (" " , ). , " " ( . , ). ( ) (): , . . ? . . , , ( ). , (reine Sinnlichkeit) . . " ", . pratyaksa. - . . 172 IX, .: "Soul Theory", .937-938. 157

, (.. ), , . . , "", , , . ( , ). , , . , , . , . , . , , , . . , (sanjna), [vedana), (eetaria) , , , 173 . "" . . 18 {dhatu), , ? . 12 ( 6 ) , .. . . 12 ? . 6 {sadhoijnana-kayah), a : (1) , (2) , (3) , (4) , (5) (6) (Asraj/a): , , , , , .. ( - ). 6, (, , , , .. ), . . , ( ), , ? . , () . . ( ), : " , , ", ( ) : " , ". 173

I, 39.

158

; , , () . . , . , , .. , , , . , , , (). , dharma dharma = dhatu, .. , 17, . . , . - 175. . . , , , , , . : , . , , , , . . , , , .. , , , , 18 dhatu : (1)6 /26/, asvaya = satka, caksuradi, (manas), 'sad indrvyani, 6 . (2) 6 "" airita = satka, caksuwijnariadi, 5 =vijnana). (3) 6 {atambana = satka visaya = sathz), 5 . alambana (2) visaya indriya.175 v>k

, . I, 43, , .82,5 . 159

. " /27/. : " , , , ", .., , . , . : " , . "176. () "" , . , {samtana), ; , , . "" (ayatana) . , , . (indriya) (.adhyatmayatana), (hyauatana)177 , . , . , . "" , , . - , , . , , , 1 7 9 , . . " , (. B.C.), : ", , , , "Mrantara-utpada", . , .83, 9. . I, 20. .: C . R h y s D a v i d s . Buddh. Psych., .140 . , , , "Vibhanga", : vupan yam teeam teeam paraeattanam (? parasamtarianam) parapuggalanam .'. . '"Majjhi" "i, 420 . ( 2, "Maharahulovadasutta"). 178 I, 42, , .77, 10 . 179 , , .78, 11 .177 176

160

"". , () ( ). , , , "", , () ( , ). , [suh) "" (paeyati) , "" '(' ). . "", ( )? : " " " "? . (), , , , "", : " " " " , " ", " ". , - , . , , , , , , ; , . : " , " ", " "? , ! () , , - . ? ? ! , (dharma-mAt), . " " " ". . : " , , - !": " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " "; , ( )" 180 . . , "", ""181. , , 182 , . .180 181 182

I, 4 2 , , .79, 18. G a r b e . Sankhya Philosophy. 2nd ed., .319 ., 326. Slokavartika, Pratyaksasutra.161

6 . 1594

, , 1 ft

, , * . () . , , , , , 18 *. , {oit, ) {vijnana). , , , "", , , . , " " , , 1 8 5 . , , , 8 6 , 1 . , {) , . . , , 25- 1 8 7 . , "" , , 1 8 8 . . , . , "" (). deus ex maahina, , : 1 8 9 , "" . 183 "NylyabindutTka", .4 . , "Sarve = darsana samgraha" () , Sautrantika Vijnana=vlda, . 185 G a r b e . Sankhya P h i l o s o p h y , . 3 5 8 . 186 " S a n k h y a = k a r i k a " 6 4 , , , , , , . . : G a r b e . Slnkhya Philosophy, .364. 187 0 skandha I , 22 ; . : C . R h y s D a v i d s . Buddh. P s y c h . , c ; 5 4 . 188 Vylsa, .1, 4; II, 23. 1 . J.H.Woods "correlation", (Yoga System of Pataiijali, c.t4, 160 . ) . 162

, - , 190 , , . . . 191 . , , . . 192. (indriya, ayata 6) (pratisarana) "" (), (manah); , 'mano-vijiiana (dhatu 18), .. , , , , (asraya) (indriya) . . , , . , ' /28/.

XV. ? , , -. {bahyarthastitva) , . . , (), - {alayavijnana). . . .. , , , 193 . I I , 3 4 ; C . R h y s D a v i d s . Buddh. P s y c h . , . 6 6 . "Samyutta" I I , 9 4 ; "Majjhima" I, 256 . 192 - (Buddh. Psych., . 17 .) , , . 193 . . , .... . VIII.191 190

6*

13

(), , , , , , , "" , "" . , , - , . . , , . , () () {). . . 1 9 4 . , , , 1 9 5 . , /29/ , . . , 196 -, , [rriayeva tu ). , () , . anatma-vada'u - , . , , , [pratltyasamutpada) , . , . 0.., , . I V , V I I I X V I I I . "Visuddhimagga" XI; W a r r e n (Buddhism, . 1 5 8 ) , C . R h y s Davids (Buddh. P s y c h . ) ( 6 5 ) , ( . 7 5 ) . (avidya), " " ( " V i s u d d h i m a g g a " XVII; W a r r e n . Buddhism, . 1 7 5 ) , . . : S . D a s g u p t a . H i s t o r y , ' . 3 8 4 . . . , samtana, . . . , samtana , dhavma, . , - ( B u d d h . P s y c h . , . 7 5 ) , " ( . . pudgata) 195 19

- ()", , 196

satkayadrotil

V y l s a IV, 1 3 .

164

, . , , "" . , , . . , (arambhavada) , {sangkata-vada) , (parinama-vada) - ( - vi vccpta-vada) , , , , . , , , . . 75 . . () [) . , - (alaya-vijnana), ; , , . , anatma . , , , , , - , . , , , . , , . , , , , dharma . "-", , , , , {atman) [prthag-dharman-pasyati). 165

(av-idya).

: " , , , ( ), , , ( )"197. . , , , 1 9 8 . , , . , , , , , (prthag-dharma) , , * . , , dharma " "1 . dharma . , , , , anatma-vada 200.197 Klthakop IV, 14 / 3 0 / ; . . : P a l i dharma, . 9 . ( I , 21) dharma, -, , . 198 ' . (, 1916), . 3 8 . 1 "Gaudapada K a r i k a " , dharma , , , , - . 2 dharma, samskrta. , , . . , prati, gunantaradhana ( , atieayadhana, parasparopdkara, ), , , , samekrta; sata utkarsadhanam samskarah, . . ",' () (-) ". upakrta upaskrta, eamskrta, . I I , 3, 53; VI, 1, 139; IV,J2, 16; IV, 4*, 3; . "". * ribhaeae, gunantara-dhanam sata utkarsadhanam samskarah , . samskara , . "Nylyabindutlkl" (Bibl. Ind.), .13; dvividhai ea sahakarZ "..., . "Six Buddhist Nyaya Tracts", .48 .; "Sarvadarsanasamgraha", . 10 (Bibl.Ind.): sahakarinah kirn bhavasya upakurvanti na via. To, , , ,

166

. , , , , , , /31/. , , . , : . ; - , . , , , , , , . , , , . - . . , , , , . . , , , . , , . , , , atma-vada, , , pudgala-vada. atma-^oada, {buddhanueaeani) , dharmata, , anatman, nairatmya. , pudgala-vada. , , , , pratiyatna-upakara samskava, . gunantara-yoga-vikava "M.bhlsya" (-V, 1 , 2 ) . adhZtya pvatltyasamutpada, . "Bh.jala-sutta". 201 "Die indische Philosophe" "Das Licht des Ostens11 (Stuttgart, 1922). 167

201

202 . () dharma, , . pudgala , 203 20 . Pudgala ". , pudgala , a skandha , , 205 pudgala . pudgala atman, . , .. , , . , , , , , . dhar, .. 206. , anatma-dharma "-", , , , , , , . , , 2 0 7 , , , , , , skandha. ; ; , 2 0 8 . , , . , , skandha. ' , Soul Theory", .830. , .851. " , .841. 5 , .842. atma-vada (. 338349) , anatman.203

202 i , t

, . 8 3 8 . {samskuva), prapti-i . , I I , viprayukta-samskara 1.207

206

20 H . J a c o b i . Die indische Philosophic, .146, . : . 1 d e nb g. Die Weltanschauung des Brahmana Text, c.88 . , 234.

168

, . , , , . , , , , . : ,, manas. , , 209. skandha manas {=vijnana) , , 210. , . anatma-dharma , "" {ayatana) , skandha . , , , . , . , , , anatma-dharma, . "-", , . 2 1 1 , , /32/, .. VIII . ..XVI.

. , - , () , , , . dharma , . - 209

berg.

H . J a c o b i . Die indische Philosophie, . 146, .: .0 1 d e n Die Lehre der Upanischaden, c.54.

210 , , tejas, apas, "Chandogya", VI, . 211

H.Jacobi.

Die indische Philosophie, .150. 169

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170

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(kosa-sthana) "" (V, 2 4 - 6 ) (dhaima) . , purvapakea uttarapaksa. ; . : , . . , Mdo, 64, 2796, 5 285, 2. Mchims-pa, . ("", Karika V, 24-6) ( , , : / /. , , , , .. , , . :)171

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Mandh dhamah. . , . 120. 173

280, . 2. Karika V, 25.

. ? : , (1) (bhava^parinama), {-), (3) (2)

(avastha-iparinhma), {\) (-). ' . ' ( . . ) . 280, . 3. (1) , , ( bHAva) , {dravya). , : , , , , , , . , , , 3 . . , , , , , , , . 280, . 6. (2) , (). , , , , , . , - , , ( ). 281, . 1. (3) (avastHA) . , , , , (). ( , , 3

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281, . 1.

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sabhaga-hetu. sarvatraga-hetu. vipaka-hetu.177

? , , ? . , . . ! , ( ), . , , , . , , . 281, . 6. , ( )? , , , , , , ? (samskrta) [asamskria). ', , , . 281, . 7. . - , . , . . ! , , . , ? . , , , , , . ? . : , , , , , ? (), , " " ""? , ""? , , , , ( ).178

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"Paramartha-funyata-sutra". Samyuktagama XIII, 22 (McGovern).

180

. , () () . ( .) . - 283, . 3. , , , : . , () 9. , ? () , ? , , , , , ? ? , , , , . . - 283, . 7. , ? . , ( ) , . . ? 283, . 8. . . - , , " ", " ". ; ( .) . ( 283, . t. ) , , , , , , . . , ( )? dharmah, .. 64 dharma, ayatana 12. 181

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. , . . , , ! . , ? . - , ? . , ? . , , ( - , ?) . ( ) . . ( , ) . , , , . . - 284, , : " , , !)"? . ( , , ) : " , ( ; ) , . () ". , , , J6bmo ( , , )? ( )? 284, , , : " , , !" , : ", , 4 (), , () , . ,183

, , . , - , , ; , , ( , ) , ". ( , , ) , . . ( , ) , , , , , (). . ? . ( ) , ( ). , (, ) 10. ( , .) ? , . . ( ?) 284, . 1. . , , , () ! , , , -! , . , - , - ; , , , , , . . ( ) " " (- )? 284, .. . " ?" IX, "Soul Theory..."184