JOURNAL

OF THE EAST AFRICA NATURAL HISTORY

SOCIETY AND NATIONAL MUSEUM

10th November 1974 No. 146

EAST AFRICAN BIRD RINGING REPORT 1972-73, 1973-74

By

G. C. BACKHURST

P.O. Box 29003, Kabete, Nairobi, Kenya

This report covers two ringing years, 1st July 1972 to 30th June 1974; no reportwas prepared for the 1972-73year because the number of recoveries awaiting publicationat that time was very small.

A number of changes have been incorporated in the present report and deservesome explanation. Only Palaearctic species are given in Table 1: in previous yearsTable 1 was becoming rather long and was beginning to resemble a check-list of EastMrican birds; in the interests of economy, Ethiopian Region species are now omitted.A summary of Ethiopian species ringed is given in Table 2. Table 4 is new and it ishoped will prove useful. It summarises all recoveries received by 18th September 1974and, for each species, the total number ringed and recovered is given. An examinationof the figures in this table will show the almost incredible good fortune East Mricanringers have had with recoveries to Eurasia, bearing in mind the comparatively smallnumbers ringed here. The table, and Table 1, will also show that some species, althoughringed in fair numbers, have yet to provide a recovery: why should the 1079 ReedWarblers Acrocephalus scirpaceus have resulted in two recoveries while the 2224 of thesimilar Marsh Warbler A. palustris have given none? This example is the more surprisingsince a proportion of the Marsh Warblers must come from Europe where the chances ofrecovery are greater than in Asia, whereas the East Mrican Reed Warblers are almostcertainly all Asian in origin. (The European population of the Marsh Warbler wintersin eastern Mrica and a Czechoslovakian-ringed Marsh Warbler was controlled in Nairobiin 1971.)

Perhaps the most surprising fact to emerge from Table 4 is that only one EastMrican-ringed bird has ever been recovered in Mrica outside Kenya, Tanzania andUganda-and that, a Little Stint Calidris minuta, was controlled by a Belgian ringer inZaire. Low human population density in Mrica and minute numbers of ringers operatingin this vast continent are clearly the main reasons for the lack of recoveries. Also, birdkilling is not practised widely in sub-Saharan Mrica, in contrast to the situation in theMediterranean area.

The stress given to recoveries, especially distant ones, is often frowned uponnowadays as "non-scientific"; ringing in order to get recoveries is considered by someas a kind of lowly form of sport lacking sound scientific purpose. It must be pointed outto such critics that an enormous amount has still to be learned about the movements ofbirds-only by marking them individually and getting recoveries can the precise detailsof these movements become known. To placate the still unconvinced critic I might addthat virtually no "ringing-and-flinging" is done in East Mrica; many data are collected

Pagel

when birds are handled for ringing: weights, other physical measurements, moult,ectoparasites and blood films are collected, further, these data are used by East Mricanringers in papers in the ornithological and parasitologica1literature.

The bald list of Palaearctic birds retrapped at the ringing site in later seasons hasbeen dropped from this report. A detailed paper on recurrence (Ortstreue) in winterquarters is in preparation: this paper will correlate the number of birds ringed andretrapped in subsequent seasons at individual ringing sites.

Very few ringers were operating in East Mrica in the two years under review.Most of the waders were ringed by the Backhursts, Duffus' and D. J. Pearson; almostall the hirundines by the Harpers; most of the Palaearctic shrikes, warblers and thrushesby the Backhursts and D. J. Pearson and almost all the YellowWagtails Motadlla /IaNby the Backhursts, Duffus' and D. J. Pearson. The Brittons, D. Carthy (1972-73 only),Harpers, A. B. C. Killango (1974 only) and C. F. Mann ringed the bulk of the Ethiopianspecies while F. B. Gill and his associates ringed most of the sunbirds.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSRingers gratefully acknowledge the co-operation of the City Engineer, Nairobi for

allowing. them to operate at Kariobangi Sewage Works; the Director of the KenyaNational Parks, Mr. P. M. Olindo, and to Mr. J. M. Mburugu and Mr. E. C. Goss forpermission to ring at Lake Nakuru and in Tsavo National Park (West); the Directorof Veterinary Services, Kenya, Dr. I. E. Muriithi for permission to ring on certainland at Kabete; to Mr. B. W. Gachihi and Mr. J. N. Hopcraft for allowing ringing ontheir land at Athi River. The Society is also grateful to the Administrative Director ofthe National Museums of Kenya, Mr. R. E. F. Leakey, for allowing the Museum'saddress to appear on the rings.

TABLE I

PALAEARCTIC BIRDS RINGED BYTHE EAST AFRICA NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY RINGING ORGANISATION

Species

Ixobrychus minutus Little BitternAnas acuta PintailA. clypeata ShovellerA. querquedula Garganey .Circus macrourus Pallid HarrierMilfJUSmigrans Black KiteFalco cherrug SakerF. subbuteo Hobby ..Porzana porzana Spotted Crake .Charadrius asiaticus Caspian PloverC. dubius Little Ringed PloverC. hiaticula Ringed Plover ..C. leschenaultii Greater Sand PloverC. mongolus Mongolian Sand PloverSterna hirundo Common Tern .S. leucoptera White-winged Black TernS. ni/otica Gull-billed Tern ...Phalaropus lobatus Red-necked PhalaropeArenaria interpres TurnstoneCalidris alba Sanderling .C. ferruginea Curlew SandpiperC. minuta Little Stint ..C. subminuta Long-toed StintC. temminckii Temminck's StintGallinago gallinago SnipeG. media Great Snipe .G. stenura Pintail Snipe

1972/73 1973/74

o 0I 0o I4 2o 0I 0o Io I2 0o 0I 3

18 10o Io 0o 02 2I 0I 0o 27 2

375 2222141 2009

o I4 9

25 23o 0o 0

Grandtotal

2II

22I3I53I

2316510III

250943

10935

84852

3514744I

Ioo

383o

782253I

156Iooooooooo

2271957

oo9

29oo

1887o8

2436

1121279XI8

o161325

172o

40783

155665

392354

4038224ooI2

924353

Limosa lapponica Bar-tailed GodwitL. limosa Black-tailed GodwitNumenius phaeopus WhimbrelPhilomachus pugnax Ruff .Tringa erythropus Spotted RedshankT. glareola Wood SandpiperT. hypoleucos Common SandpiperT. nebularia Greenshank .T. ochropus Green SandpiperT. stagnatilis Marsh SandpiperT. terek Terek Sandpiper ..Cuculus canorus European Cuckoo .Oeus scops European Scops Owl ..Caprimulgus europaeus European NightjarCoracias garrulus European Roller .Merops apiaster European Bee-eater ..M. superciliosus persicus Blue-cheeked Bee-eaterUpupa epops European Hoopoe

Jynx torquilla Wryneck .Deljchon urbica House MartinHirundo rustjca European SwallowRiparia riparia European Sand Martin ...Lanius collurio/isabellinus Red-backed and Red-tailed Shrikes

L. collurio Red-backed ShrikeL. isabellinus Red-tailed ShrikeL. minor Lesser Grey ShrikeL. senator Woodchat Strike .Anthus certlinus Red-throated PipitA. trivialis Tree Pipit ..Motacilla alba White WagtailM. cinerea Grey WagtailM.jlava Yellow Wagtail .Ficedula hypoleuca Pied FlycatcherMuscicapa striata Spotted Flycatcher ..Acrocephalus arundinaceus Great Reed WarblerA. griseldis Basra Reed WarblerA. palustris Marsh Warbler .A. schoenobaenus Sedge WarblerA. scirpaceus Reed Warbler .Hippolais icterina Icterine WarblerH. languida Upcher's Warbler .H. olivetorum Olive-tree Warbler .H. pallida Olivaceous WarblerLocustella jlUfJiatiljs River WarblerPhylloscopus collybita ChiffchaffP. trochilus Willow WarblerSylvia atricapilla BlackcapS. borin Garden WarblerS. communis WhitethroatS. njsoria Barred Warbler ...Cercotrichas galactotes Rufous Bush ChatIrania gutturalis White-throated Robin .Luscinia luscinia SprosserL. megarhynchos Nightingale ..Monticola saxatilis European Rock ThrushOenanthe isabellina Isabelline WheatearO. oenanthe Wheatear .O. pleschanka Pied WheatearPhoenicurus phoenicurus RedstartSaxicola rubetra WhinchatOn'olus oriolus Golden OrioleTotal ..Number of species

Page 3

1972/73 1973/74 Grandtotal

o Io 2o 2

205 44XIo I

87 8934 222

33 98I 53

66 I U82 10o 5I 2o 2o 4o Io 8o Io 3

IS 482514 9465

265 1642- 240

[1961-73128 2864 64o 5o I2 356 188o 5o 2

2800 33451o 29 72

12 15823 67

883 222461 1685

XI3 1079o 4

32 5815 3218 IIO

158 359o 3

198 283043 31579 1269

650 155161 14814 5658 126

262 80824 53

2 29I 9o 46o 7o 51o 78o 14

XI132 7570752 87

Page 4

TABLE 2

ETHIOPIAN BIRDS RINGED BYTHE EAST AFRICA NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY RINGING ORGANIZATION

Grandtotal

S 89S170

28437371

3433'2S41

II0039628

1973/74

6S862

2323198

2981260

14 II3312

1972/73

98481

369S247

4679328

13922381

Non-passerines ...Number of non-passerine speciesPasserines ...Number of passerine speciesTotal Ethiopian birds ringedNumber of Ethiopian species ..Total Ethiopian and Palaearctic birds ringedNumber of Ethiopian and Palaearctic species

TABLE 3

RECOVERIES AND CONTROLS OF BIRDS RINGED IN EAST AFRICA

Anas erythrorhynchusZ 0270 ad. 26.II.71

+ (18.6·73)

f.g.ad.IWpull.juv.

<1

~+x

xA/ ?/vo

Sex

Ring numberAge

Anas capensisD 1043 ad.

v

Distance (kIn)

Manner ofrecovery

Date of recovery

Elapsed time

Key to symbols and termswhere this is in italics the ring has been returned.full grown, age uncertain;adult;bird in its first winter;young, not able to fly freely;juvenile, able to fly freely.malefemale.shot or killed by man;found dead or dying;found long dead;manner of recovery unknown;caught or trapped alive and released with ring (control);caught or trapped alive and not released, or released with ringremoved ..given in the order: day, month, year. If the date is unknown, thedate of the reporting letter is given in parentheses.the Great Circle distance between the ringing and recovery sites,i.e. the shortest distance between these two points.given in the form, years: months: days, thus 1:2:9 signifies thatthe bird was recovered I year 2 months and 9 days after ringing.

Scopus umbretta HammerkopH 0883 f.g. 21.10.72 Ahero, Kenya OOII'S., 34°SS'E. WEG.

x I.II.72 Kisumu, Kenya 0006'S, 34°4S'E., 21 kIn,O:O:IO. Mahesh Raicha.

Threskiornis aethiopica Sacred IbisD 1825 juv. 3.7.73 Kolal, c. 16 kIn E. of Kisumu, Kenya oOOS'S., 34°S2'E. WEG.

+ 0.12.73 Bunyala Location, Busia District, Kenya 0004'N., 34°02'E.,94 kIn, c. 0:4:27. Kosmos H. Oywolo.

Cape Wigeon24.12.68 Lake Nakuru, Kenya 0020'S., 36°06'E. PLB & JFH.27.10.73 Lake Hannington, Kenya oOIS'N., 36°06'E., 6S kIn, 4:10:3.

WPHD& DJP.

Red-billed DuckArusha National Park, Tanzania 3°13'S., 36°S4'E. JSSB.Sanya Juu, Tanzania 3°09'S., 37°01'E., IS kIn, c. 1:7 :22. L. Kapis.

mmantopus himantopusH 1470 f.g. S.I.72

v 27.10.73

Black-winged StiltLake Nakuru, Kenya 0020'S., 36°06'E. DJP & JGR.Lake Harmington, Kenya oOIS'N., 36°06'E., 6S kIn, 1:9:22.WPHD&DJP.

CaUdris ferruginea Curlew SandpiperA 108S8 f.g. I.S.71 Lake Nakuru, Kenya 0020'S., 36°06'E. DJP.

+ 21.S.74 Uruk, 37 kIn NE of Samawa, Iraq 31°18'N., 4S040'E., 3660 lan,3:0:20. (Dr A. D. Niazi.)

Page 5

20·5·73

27·10·73

26.11.734·5·74

rWv

f.g.v

K0042

K 26II

K 1402

Calidris minuta Little StintJ69424 f.g. 13472 Ferguson's Gulf, Lake Rudolf, Kenya 3°31'N., 35°55'E. PLB.

v 12.5.73 Lake Magadi, Kenya 2000'S., 36°IO'E., 610 kIn, 1:0:19. DJP.

f.g. 14.1.73 Lake Naivasha, Kenya 0043'S., 36°25'E. WPHD.v 3.3.73 Lake Magadi, Kenya, 145 kIn 0:1 :19. WPHD.

f.g. 5.5.73 Lake Magadi, Kenya. WPHD & DJP.v 5.11.73 Baie de Mwiga, Parc National des Virunga, Zaire 0041'S.,

29°23'E., 770 kIn, 0:6:0. J. P. d'Huart. (Ring replaced withMus Brux JOV 26299)

Lake Magadi, Kenya. DJP.

Lake Hannington, Kenya 0015'N., 36°10'E., 250 kIn, 0:5:7.WPHD& DJP.

Lake Naivasha, Kenya. WPHD & DJP.Lake Nakuru, Kenya, 0020'S., 36°06'E., 55 km, 0:5 :8. JFH.

K0536

Philomachus pugnaxB 5649 ad. ~ 12.4.69

+ 16.2·73

C 1486

C 2329

f.g. ~ 8.II.69v 9.2.74

ad. t3 26.9.70v 25.2.73

IW t3 6.II.71v 25.2.73

ad. ~ 20.8.72v 8.12.73

RuffLake Nakuru, Kenya 0020'S., 36°06'E. EDS.near Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India c. 29°N., 77°40'E, 5490 km,3:10:4. S.M. Atiq.

Lake Nakuru, Kenya. GCB.Lake Hannington, Kenya 0015'N., 36°06'E., 65 kIn, 4:3:1.WPHD&DJP.

Lake Nakuru, Kenya. GCB.Lake Naivasha, Kenya 0043'S., 36°25'E., 55 kIn, 2:4:29. GCB.

Lake Nakuru, Kenya. GCB.Lake Naivasha, Kenya, 55 kIn, 1:3:19. GCB.

Lake Nakuru, Kenya. DJP.Lake Naivasha, Kenya, 55 kIn, 1:3:18. WPHD & DJP.

Tringa stagnatilis Marsh SandpiperB II7S7 f.g. 6.10.73 Lake Magadi, Kenya 2000'S., 36°10'E. WPHD & DJP.

v 26.II.73 Lake Naivasha, Kenya 0043'S., 36°10'E., 145 km, 0:1 :20.WPHD&DJP.

Caprimulgus poliocephalusA 12026 f.g. 30.1.70

v 17.11.73

Abyssinian Night jarKabete, Kenya 1016'S., 36°43'E. GCB.Kangemi, Kenya 1016'S., 36°4S'E., 4 kIn, 2:9:17. J. M. Muiatha.

Colius striatusB 14671 ad.

+Speckled Mousebird

8.4.73 Naro Moru, Kenya O°to'S., 37°01'E. FKV.(28.3.74) as above, c. 0:II:20. P. Kaskela.

Ceyx picta Pygmy KingfisherJ 45242 f.g. 28.2.74 Zika Forest, Entebbe, Uganda 0007'N., 32°28'E. ABCK.

x 6.3.74 St. Mary's College, Kisubi, Uganda, 2 km, 0:0:6. M. K. Paulus.

Halcyon senegalensis Northern Woodland KingfisherB 1658 ad. 27.10.68 Buligi, Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda 2°16'N., 31°23'E.

RW&AZ.v 7.6.73 Paraa Lodge, Kabalega (= Murchison Falls) National Park,

Uganda 2°18'N., 31°3S'E., 23 kIn, 4:7:10. A. Baddokwaya.

Hirundo abyssinica Striped SwallowJ 37749 f.g. 12.7.70 Kariobangi, Nairobi, Kenya 1015'S., 36°S3'E. GCB.

v 20.5.73 Muthaiga, Nairobi, Kenya 1015'S., 36°so'E., 5 kIn, 2:10:8. G.Lowe.

mrundo angolensis Uganda SwallowJ 44740 f.g. 29.11.71 Zika, Entebbe, Uganda 0007'N., 32°28'E. NOO.

o 27.II.72 St. Mary's College, Kisubi, Uganda, 2 kIn, O:II :28. S. C.Kiggundu.

Page 6

Lake Nakuru, Kenya. JFH.Lanet, near Nakuru, Kenya, 0018'S., 36°08'E., 5 kIn, 0:0:15.D. Stoles.

20.12·7117·9·73

16·3·7431.3·74

J 45764 f.g.v

J 47749 IW()

J 42304 f.g.v

Inrundo rustica European SwallowJ 47677 IW 9.3.71 Kibebe Farm, Iringa, Tanzania 7°46'S., 35°42'E. JFR.

/?/ 5.9.73 near Akbulak, Orenburg Region, U.S.S.R. Slooo'N., 55°31'E.,6800 kIn, 2:5:26. (Ringing Centre, Moscow.)

Kibebe Farm, Iringa, Tanzania. JFR.near Derbent, Dagestan A.S.S.R., U.S.S.R. 42°03'N., 48°18'E.,5680 kIn, 2:3:7. (Ringing Centre, Moscow.).

18.3.71 Athi River, Kenya 1026'S., 36°S9'E. DJP.summer 1973near Yangi-Yul', Tashkent Region, Uzbek S.S.R., U.S.S.R.

41°10'N., 68°58'E., 5730 kIn, 2 yr +. (Ringing Centre, Moscow.)

Athi River, Kenya. DJPChokpak Pass, SE Kazakhstan, U.S.S.R. 42°31'N., 70038'E.,5930 kIn, 2:6:16. Dr E. Gavrilov. (Moskwa K-234.214 added.)

Lake Nakuru, Kenya 0020'S., 36°06'E. JFH.Mumias, Kenya 0020'N., 34°29'E., 195 km, 1:8 :27. D. Opwora.

J 56173 IW/ ?/

J 87058 ad. ~v

Lanius minorB 3589 ad.

+

ad. d 25.10.72+ (1·5·73)

J 71729

J 87376 ad. ~ 17.3.74 Lake Nakuru, Kenya. JFH./?/ 3rd week Makareen, near Mansuriya, Iraq 34°04'N., 44°52'E., 3930 km,

4.74 4-5 weeks. (Dr A. D. Niazi.).

Lesser Grey Shrike14469 Maranda, Siaya District, Kenya 0005'S., 34°13'E. JFH.29.8.73 South end of Khios, Greece 38°13'N., 25°59'E., 4340 km,

4:4:15. A. Synodinos.

Motacilla flava lutea Eastern Yellow WatgailJI7255 f.g. ~ 2.10.68 Eastleigh, Nairobi, Kenya 1016'S., 36°51'E. GCB & MF.

v 22.9.70 near Dzhalilabad, Azerbaijan S.S.R., U.S.S.R. 39°15'N.,48°38'E., 4660 kIn, 1:11 :20. (Ringing Centre, Moscow.)

Kariobangi, Nairobi, Kenya 1015'S., 36°53'E. DJP.Najran Town, near Dhahran, Saudi Arabia c. 17°40'N.,44°20'E., 2250 kIn, c. 1:8:0. A.M.F. al Yarni.

Kariobangi, Nairobi, Kenya. DJP.Kaha Thakif, Taif, Saudi Arabia 21°15'N., 40021'E., 2530 km,c. 6 months. G. Attia.

X 5578

Phylloscopus trochilusJ 62974 f.g. 4.4.74

x 26.5.74

Acrocephalus scirpaceusJ 67404 f.g. 21.4.72

X 2.5.73

Sylvia nisoriaA 19053 f.g.

+

Reed WarblerKariobangi, Nairobi, Kenya 1015'S., 36°53'E. GCB.Astrakhan' Reserve, Astrakhan Region, U.S.S.R. 45°50'N.,47°50'E., 5340 km, 1:0:11. (Ringing Centre, Moscow.)

Willow WarblerKariobangi, Nairobi, Kenya 1015'S., 36°53'E. GCB.Herajarvi, Tuupovaara, (Kuopio), Finland 62°34'N., 30041'E.,7110 km, 0:1:22. Ida Tarvainen.

Barred Warbler28.11.72 Ngulia Safari Lodge, Tsavo National Park West, Kenya 3°oo'S.,

38°13'E. GCB.19.9.73 Al-Meznab (=AI-Midhnab), near Unayzah, Saudi Arabia

25°55'N., 44°15'E., 3280 km, 0:9:21. M. Abood and R. S.Shamsan.

Ploceus baglafecht reichenowi Reichenow's WeaverA 14355 ad. ~ 1.4.73 Kapsabet, Kenya 0012'N., 35°06'E. CFM.

+ c.20.5.73 presumed Kapsabet, Kenya, c. 0:1:20. The brother of HoseaRotich.

Ploceus melanocephalusA 9739 ad. 10.10.71

X (cat) 23.6.73

Yellow-backed WeaverYimbo, Nyanza, Kenya 0002'S., 34°06'E. JFH.Yimbo, Kenya, 1:8:13. P. W. Okeyo.

Page 7

Ploceus ocularis Spectacled WeaverA 5256 ad. ~ 19.9.68 Masindi, Uganda 1041'N., 31°43'E. FJT.

+ 17.3.74 Masindi, Uganda, 5:5:28. (Game Department.)

Pycnonotus barbatusA 13758 ad. 11.4.71

x 0.10.72

GCBJSSBPLBWPHDMFWEGJFHABCKCFMNOODJPJFRJGREDSFJTFKVRWAZ

Dark-capped BulbulArusha National Park, Tanzania, c. 3°13'S., 36°54'E. JSSB.Momela Lodge, Arusha National Park, c. 1:5 :20. (the lateL. D. E. F. Vesey-FitzGerald.)

KEY TO INITIALS IN THE LIST OF RECOVERIESG.C. & D.E.G. Backhurst

*J. S. S. BeesleyP. L. & H. A. BrittonW. P. H. & B. Duffus

*M. Ford*tW. E. Grainger, Medical Research Council

J. F. & L. M. HarperA. B. C. Killango, E. A. Virus Research InstituteC.F.Mann

*N. O. Okia, E. A. Virus Research InstituteD. J. PearsonJ. F. Reynolds

*J. G. Rolfe*E. D. Steel*F. J. Thompson*F. K. Vollmers*R. Wheater*A. Zeigler

OTHER RINGERS IN EAST AFRICAD. J. M. Caffyn; M. Carswell; *D. Carthy (1972-73only); tM. Goddard; ·W. G. Harvey (1972-73only); *G. Rathbun (1972-73 only); *M. StJ. and G. Sugg (1972-73only).*Indicates that these ringers have left the Ringing Organization.tNo schedules have been received from these ringers.

TABLE 4SUMMARY OF ALL RECOVERIES OF EAST AFRICAN-RINGED BIRDS

The 110039 birds ringed in East Africa to 30th June, 1974 have yielded 167 recoveries andcontrols made up by 72 to foreign countries and 95 within Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda; thisnumber does not include those birds recovered or controlled at the ringing site. Where a recovery isgiven below as "local", without any distance, it means that when the recovery was notified thefinder gave the same locality name as the ringing site; it has been impossible to ascertain exactlyhow much movement has been involved in these recoveries. The table also emits controls of YellowWagtails Motacilla fiava between roosting and feeding sites and between different roosts in theNairobi area. Each species entry is treated in the following manner: number ringed to 30th June,1974; total number recovered; total number of local (i.e. within East Africa) recoveries withdistance(s) moved; totals recovered in each foreign country with minimum and maximum GreatCircle distances between ringing and recovery sites.

Scopus umbretta Hammerkop 43:1. I local, 21 km.Threskiornis aethiopica Sacred Ibis 7:1. I local, 94 km.Anas capensis Cape Wigeon 437:1. I local, 65 km.Anas erythrorhynchos Red-billed Duck 80:5. 5 local, IS, IS, IS, 19,20 km.Anas hottentota Hottentot Teal 182:7. 7 local, 42, 42, 42, 42, 105,285,480 km.Anas undulata Yellow-billed Duck 38:1. I local,-.Fulica cristata Red-knobbed Coot 16:2. 2 local, 290, 390 km.Charadrius dubius Little Ringed Plover 23:1. I U.S.S.R., 4840 km.Charadrius hiaticula Ringed Plover 165:1. I local, 950 km.Charadrius pecuarius Kittlitz's Plover 287:1. I local, 20 km.Charadrius tricollaris Three-banded Plover 70:1. I local, 55 km.Himantopus himantopus Black-winged Stilt 190:1. I local, 65 km.Calidris ferruginea Curlew Sandpiper 935:4. 3 local, 185, 185, 185 km; I Iraq, 3660 km.Calidris minuta Little Stint 8485 :7. 6 local, 55, 55, 55, 145, 250, 610 km; I Zaire, 770 km.Philomachus pugnax Ruff 4411 :16. 7 local, 55, 55, 55, 55, 65, 65, 110 km; 8 U.S.S.R.,

7 540-10060km; I India,S 490 km.

Page 8.

Tringa glareola Wood Sandpiper 893 :3. 3 U.S.S.R., 6910-7380 km.Tringa hypoleucos Common Sandpiper 222:1. I U.S.S.R., 6550 km.Tringa stagnatilis Marsh Sandpiper I 118:1. I local, 145 km.Caprimulgus poliocephalus Abyssinian Night jar 3 :1. I local, 4 km.Colius striatus Speckled Mousebird 272:1. I local, -.Ceryle rudis Pied Kingfisher 500:1. I local,-.Ceyx picta Pygmy Kingfisher 339:1. I local, 2 km.Halcyon senegalensis Northern Woodland Kingfisher 21:1. I local, 23 km.Delichon urbica House Martin 48:1. I U.S.S.R., 5 130 km.Hirundo abyssinica Striped Swallow 1141 :9.9 local, -, -, -, 5, 6, 7, 7, 20, 22 km.Hirundo angolensis Uganda Swallow 171:1. I local,-.Hirundo daurica Red-rumped Swallow 463 :3. 3 local, 8, 8, 240 km.Hirundo rustica European Swallow 9465 :39. 10 local, -, 5, 13,27,46, 90, 135,160, 195,365 km;

I Germany, 6790 km; I Czechoslovakia,s 670 km; I Yugoslavia,s 250 km; I Bulgaria,4900 km; I Turkey, 4560 km; I Lebanon, 3800 km; 3 Iraq, 3870-408o km; 20 U.S.S.R.,4660-6 800 km.

Hirundo smithii Wire-tailed Swallow 182:3. 3 local, -, 10, 80 km.Ripariapaludicola African Sand Martin 1792:3.3 local, -, -,-.Riparia riparia European Sand Martin 1642:1. I U.S.S.R., 6130 km.Lanius minor Lesser Grey Shrike 5 :I. I Greece, 4340 km.Anthus novaeseelandiae Richard's Pipit 108:1. I local, 3 km.Motacilla alba vidua African Pied Wagtail 228 :3. 3 local, -, 8, 26 km.Motacilla flava Yellow Wagtail 33451 :25. 8 local,s, 8, 30, 30, 30, 45, 215, 300 km; 2 Saudi

Arabia, 226o-2530 km; I Qatar, 3 390 km; I Iran, 3 880 km; 13 U.S.S.R., 4 660-7 740 km.Acrocephalus schoenobaenus Sedge Warbler 1685:1. I U.S.S.R., 576o km.Acrocephalus scirpaceus Reed Warbler I °79:2. I Saudi Arabia, 3 180 km; I U.S.S.R., 5 340 km.Phylloscopus trochilus Willow Warbler 283°:1. I Finland, 7 IIO km.Sylvia atricapilla Blackcap 3 I 5 :x. I Iran, 3 760 km.Sylvia nisoria Barred Warbler 148 :1. I Saudi Arabia, 328o km.Phoenicurus phoenicurus Redstart 51:1. I Iraq, 3790 km.Nectarinia reichenowi Golden-winged Sunbird 353:1. I local, 65 km.Nectarinia verticalis Green-headed Sunbird III:1. I local,-.Passer griseus Grey-headed Sparrow 225 :3. 3 local, -, 4, 4 km.Ploceus baglafecht Reichenow's Weaver 35 I: I. I local, -.Ploceus melanocephalus Yellow-backed Weaver I 332: x. I local, -.Ploceus nigricollis Black-necked Weaver 77:1. I local,-.Ploceus ocularis Spectacled Weaver 231 :1. I local, -.Pycnonotus barbatus Dark-capped Bulbul 1912:1. I local, -.

TABLE 5RECOVERIES IN EAST AFRICA OF BIRDS RINGED ABROAD

The signs and symbols are the same as those used in Table 3.

Pelecanus onocrotalus White PelicanLondon pull. 4.5.73 Lake Shala, Ethiopia 7°27'N., 38°28'E.Z 33 ••• vv 8.8.73 Nderit River, Lake Nakuru, Kenya 0020'S., 36°05'E.,

905 km, 0:3 :4. (A sight record of a bird wearing a visualmarker.)

Ciconia ciconia White StorkRadolfzell

pull.7·6.69BB 13 971 +Nov. 1972

ParisA 2748

pull.4.6.72v

16.1.73

0

10.2·73

Helgoland

pull.18.6·72E 4301 X

x6/X7.II.72Petrinon, Kaditsa, Greece 39°30'N., 22°09'E. H. Heckenrothand R. Helms.IS km W of Arusha, Tanzania 3°2I'S., 36°40'E., 4990 km,c. 3:6:0. (P. J. Terry and GCB.)

Draa ben Khedda, Algeria 34°43'N., 3°X4'E., G. Fiedler.Mununga Farm, Mau Narok, Kenya 0036'S., 36°00'E.,5170 km, 0:7:12. S. Mutua.Lengetia Farm, Mau Narok, 0:8:6. P. H. B. Sessions.(In both cases the bird was captured from behind a tractorwhere it had been covered by soil; Mr. Sessions removedthe ring before releasing the bird.)

Brackede, Li.ineburg, Niedersachsen, Germany 53°21'N.,10043'E. H. Bieling.Ngofila, Shinyanga, Tanzania 3°55'S., 33°45'E., 6820 km,0:4:29. (J. Jonathan.)

HelgolandE S3SS

pull.

x?

Page 9

Grapel, Stade, Niedersachsen, Germany S3°34'N., 9°u'E.G.Dahm.Molo, Kenya 0°IS'S., 3So44'E., 6460 kIn, 0:3:29. J. M.Serem.

Calidris minutaPretoria ad.A 93916

v

Little Stint20.2·73

6.10·73

Lake Kariba, Rhodesia I7°oo'S., 28°00'E.T. Choate & R. Harwin.Lake Magadi, Kenya 2000'S., 36°IO'E., 1890 kIn, 0:7:16.WPHD&DJP.

Philomachus pugnax RuffPretoria ad. <1 7.9.72643-0S8S6

v 24.4.73

Ceryle rudis Pied KingfisherLondon f.g. 21.7.70CN 3S308 x 0.9.71 or

(fish net) 0.11.71

Barberspan, Delareyville, Transvaal, South Africa 26°33'S.,2S036'E. Barberspan Trans. Provo Admin.Butiaba, Uganda I049'N., 3IoI9'E., 3210 kIn, 0:7:17,released 3 days later. J. Kid-Kisembo.

Gambela, Ethiopia 8°IS'N., 34°3S'E.Lake Kyoga, Uganda 1038'N., 32°48'E., 760 kIn. S. A. P.Okwir-Opio.

IDrundo rusticaPretoria f.g.A-40S98 +

European Swallow2.2.69 Skinnerspruit, Pretoria, Transvaal, South Mrica 2So44'S.,

28°10'E. H. P. Mendelsohn.2.10.72 Busia, Kenya 0028'N., 34°0S'E., 2980 kIn, 3:8:0. M.

Omenda.

MoskwaK-075.021

pull.

j ?j

30•6.72

end 7.73

60 km E of Frunze, Kirghiz S.S.R., U.S.S.R. 42°S3'N.,7S020'E. (Ringing Centre, Moscow.)2S km E of Busia, Kenya 0028'N., 34°20'E., 6230 kIn,c. 1 year. (K. Holt and GCB.)

(Received 18th September 1974)