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Vol8No41SJuly1994

JOURNAL Of THE INSTITUTE fOR D£MOCRACV IN SOUTH AfRICA

Bravo, Boraine!Outgoing executive director Alex Boraine looks back on hisyears at the helm of Idasa, years which took the organi-sation from Dakar to democracy in South Africa 10

Mayhem in miningCrisis in the mining industry has set off an avalanche of cutbacks andjob losses, swelling already desperate levels of unemployment in

southern African. One of the dilemmas is the fate of the migrant laboursystem, pillar of the industry, scourge of human lives 5

Media muscleA web of laws still veils the secrets of the apartheid government and

offers its successor the same space to hide. But South Africa'srnew Bill of Rights gives journalists the means to push back

rl;.'~? the limits on freedom of expression 12

Unpopular justiceAre people's courts the sites of excess portrayed inthe media? Or do they playa vital role in knitting

together the social fabric of torn communities?NANCY SCHEPER-HUGHES and WILFRIEDSCHARF delve behind the stereotypes 16

Includes Nexotiation News

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,

r L

SURE WE UNDERSTAND TIlE MOUNlAlr-I'S SlIIENE EHECT ON DfOSJQN MA.I:JNG -WE'RE I'lANNING TO RELOCATE IT UI'COUi'ffiIY AS WEll

DEMOOlACYUWJr.flIDlj

EDITOlllAl STAH

~Bad.~ Gail ~Ing" "'~ l~, Moira~, R~~.... s..... V~ti"", Sh.""" W"'tcollhUe" and contrlbutJom to br "",*",~ to lkmocrlKJ In Action, Albion $pring, 1U Main _. IloncIWoKh noo

IDAVo OHlns

NATIONAl. OFFICE: Nbioo s"nng. 183 Main Rood. RorI<lebosch 1700 (Tel 021-6898389; fa. 021 ~893261)

WESTERN CAPE, 2 """'" R~, ~.t"'Y,COl'" Town 7915 (Tel 021-471280; fax Oll·~73~69)

IOH,o,J'lNESBURG: J9 Honey 51fect. ll<!_. Johannesburg 2198 (Tel 01 H8H6~17; Fa. 011-41;4261 0)

PRETORIA, 299 Du",a.nS~ H.~. """aria 0083 (Tel 012·loIZ1476/7/819; fax 012-4]3]87)

DURIlAN: 1219 s.ngfO Hou>e, 41 7 Smhh Sueet, D...tan 4001 (Tel 031·304889]; F•• 011.10-48891)

PORT ELLlAB£TH: roortll Floor, SlMIda,d HO<l~. 3<14 MaIn SlrHI. Pon [Ilubeth 6001 (Tel 041·5533010; Fa. 512587)

BLOEMFONTEIN: Thfr<l flo<><. SOOlh., SId. 39 Mahlond SH..t, 8~mt""IPin 9301: ere< OS1..01&\82112; fa. 051-481 s80)

OpInions exp<es~ in Oemocracy In Actio" are not "ece,SIl"1y tho,e ot Idasa. I$SN 1017·0243

COMMENT

New chapter for Idasaand 'child of Idasa'

N 1AUGUST 1994. Wilmotj""""will tokle~ a<.x""'tl"" dll'O'Clor of Ida>I. 1'10 b ......red o/a "armwdrorno and will undoubtedly bring fn'sll andrompelUng proje<" ond Idea' to tho oogolng won of thloIrutlNt•. Thh I. not t1lo limo. lIOI lho plom:, to deal In any

*'011 wtth 1<Wa', ..rty bog!nnlng.. II> hlm>ry and wnnibullon to thofD)lu1lon of ronlllct ond tho <Iown ofa now dorJ><l<UCy. HOWO"YOI", ..IdosllJoslns a n.w rhopt.. undeJ new "'odonhlp, a '"" """n.ent,.1not ,,",ootol pIare:.

In 1986, whorl 1<Io....... b'n an Idoaln lh<: mind. of lIan ZylSW>bert and mY""Il, OUt ""'I<>< Iocu, "'" OIl ncgorIollon p:>Iltles Incun\1N 10 lho poIltles of .xcluslon and '"Pf""Ion, on th. """ lund,.-d tho poIlllcs of m.bl~""",on tho <>too. In many waY' It I.Ktnow~Usatlhf: trip to Dabt In Smogal o.qanloed tbot l"'"'.._ !loy "1X"'ffitaU"'" from lh<: AllIe wa, a p u""'" to tho~ 01 Ff:l:>ru.ory 1990. Announro<lln tho Wiltrn.htd opeodlckUvm.d 10 Parllamffit by ttltn I"rroldc!l\l FW do KIofk, the.. changf:o""'" hom <If:manded not only by lho U""'atlon t1lOvtmeJln1bm1",1""" not only by Internal ""'.~1II0·..rtrlnln, but .bo by.m.ou 1M mll~ Inlt1'natlon.>l rommunlty.

In too.. ..,Iy daj'1. .... lwaI OUt app",adl on foot mal<>< p..mllf:S.Rntly, .... wm mmnUtttd hi ro:golaJ and t!gQrooI.nal~-.l'''''' '"Qlnllantly ho"" a "'alh'lc undtnW>dlng of tho~Irandp>UtIcaIl<Yn3lIoo In Sooth AfrIo.. s.roodIy, .... ....., rornmIlf"" to;><bIsi"ll'lfatog\<'s In dlJ«I trlatlon to OIlt analj'1h. Thlnlly, we !O<Jiht"...,.\0 """"'~otr:lte:gy to prlnclpI. and thf:rf:foto ...... abl<mruWltly to adapl and bf: fk>jbl.1n OOt plannIng and In OOt I""jero.Foul1hly, ..........ghl not otUy to b<' domocratJc In 00' goo!> oot abo Intho: prtxf:M of ....u.u"ll ,he.. gooll. Thl<l mt:anl a commltmom and a~ toron......t wkloly wUh IndJoIdual" """"""",,II.nd<XImJtIunllk:l, ond abo hi ><ok romrrnm In tho organl..tlon luelf.

Today lda<o "'" 110m IaJgo.oly a<npIrd a, a !loy Iorro In.tvLllO<"lrty. It_ not ot«o"Y' so. W. wuggJod with <:<:>mldrrablo su>pldon withinthr blad< communlry a, Wl"ll as dll'O'Cl and ohm vI<"ioo.n opposItlonfrom tl>o >101•. W. would n..... ha,.., survtv<:d and &fOWlI wlthou' th.In<Q) and ftnanda.l .uppon ola low otganl..1Iorn In Sooth Afnot bul

Idasa's goals are:

In plnkuJar from tM lntoma'loruJ rommWllty, with Nor....y,Denmark ondS~n""'Y mudJ 111 the loi.hOttL

II I. a trlbIlt. In tho ...If of lda>a that tho org.nl..tlon hao ron,bIt'n~y ..........,.j II.< ro~ ogaln>1 a topldly dunging f:t>vllOlttT>f:fll.Thl<l las holpod Ida>I to tI>Ovt way beyond In .mpha>l1 mf:tf:ly ....oppo:!ltJon to an Ittnovatl"" puDUlt of a po.Itlvt' df:m<.o:rI.tk roIt1W.

Fot my own pol1, I ha"" found th. yearllhat I ha"" 110m ...tih Ida..ott"" Itusltatlll,/l but ","'aY' chall<:nglng. ro:wat~llng and rtHtI..... Inmany waY' I wa' abl. to punur what I bollo:vt<lln deoply, '" thallh<:_ bf:am<> tho vocation. 1Want to plao: on reco>d my do'f:JIa~.Ion to klaoa"lttJ<i'''' and >lafl, both pasl and~l. wh.o haw mac!<'tho fItdgelIng. ,uuggllng lffitltutlon 1m" who' It I, today.

I t!a"" no doubt that Ida.., undot It,~ IeIldonhIP and In <t>opo:r;ttion wtth \lillI<d and dIodlca~...fI, will rontlnUf: to"make.difk,renro:" In 1Iw~ dctooeraey In Sooth Atrk:I.

I am leavlni ldasa to 'Wl. a lI<'W pro;eet .mltledJ.....i« In TransitionIn Sooth Mrlr&, Tbb ,mlU organl..tion will tocu. on how Sooth Aftk:aem <Om.to!emU wtth II< pi". In pal1k:ulat tho empho'h will b<' onre<:ondliatlon th""'8h tlK1"3 up to and doaU/tll wtth tho vloIallon' ofhuman right.< durl"lltM a~1>dd ..... In tM toC<lf'Id plaa', an atwnplwill b<'~ to A<Idrf:M tho: gap botwcm rn},h and ..allty In thopost."OlltiOO of tho history ofUH! ttaumatlc yean which Sooth Aftk:a Iwf:nd~ I 1»'''' no doobl lhal~ twin ta,ll> a.. """"tlal Ifdomoaa<y i< to grow and 10 dewlo>p and If pel>Ce II to .ndu....

The: l1e>o1 ptOjert: I' '''''Y much a "chIld olldaoa"and It .... In puDUlt <'ll' my mpomIbllltlcl thallth<atTII/ dar to n1f: that ,Im ....s a Itnh challmgowhich nt't:ded to bf: factod. J am~ thndor.\hat tl>o ..lat\ool....lp bel"."." ldasa and the'jUlti<"o inT~tlonI'fOIKI wllJ bo v.ry clo>o and... may ...,U lind """"I"", co-<lI"""ting In rh.fum~

Alex BoralneExecutive Director

.To prom<>t. tho d""elopm.m ()f a domooatlc rultu'" In South AlrIn

"To addrf$S fear, prejudl«....,g.. and o'h.. Ob<tadnln th. trarulllon t(ll non-taclal d."""''"''Y in South AfrIca

"To .ngag. InOuo:n,i.lI gtoup< and Indlvlduab who may b<' ou"klon'o thetran,ltion JX<>Cf'"

~To pIO'1do, who.......t I""'lblf:, InfOfmotloo on rtUIcaII"u", and '0 .xplo.... waY' of addrenlng th...

"To facllitat. dl,""'''1on of cDll"ltu!lo""land d"""l<lpmental is""'" m"vant to ""'thnn Aftka

"To a"ht .nd encouraS' othon to contrlbute 10 tho attolnm""t of Ihnt goab

•Ja-neeBad form1M more thJ~ ch.ngt. l~ rnon: they ....y the ..",.,1 ">,,hins dvIl"",'ants r«mlly .......ppalled t<l dil<'OVn' qllE'Klon on job 'ppli<:..lIOn lonm <oIldtl,,!! their ethnic o:r~n_

- rn""", IIH'y put "hu"",,, ,.><t' "" Ih<! dot", Ii"",

Depressing press'" In tho' ctvIl~ "" In tho' libra!)' at N"""l"..... H""", In ap"T,,",'n. A ""ito< kK:>king for photograph> of ><:hooI<hlldren wo• .,kM

,...t,kh ''''''' 01 chlld w wanted. IIeI~u eJiCI'<d 'pnpa'hy I,oro.11ar.....J \Ih'Olion and ftleo Ihltd "8.oIJIo: Non·lumpton" ."d "N.li",IdU<3tlon: Otlklt1'n".

- Any old CCB 'hmJdillS """hi.... So/ng r""'p~

Signal errorThe press Is hoviflj!: /urlhcr dllficul\f keeping~ "-lIh """"I.. In thesauH.' .....Und ...........paP"" that ran on lnterv\tw wilh dlm:tor-g""....l

do1lgnate of lh. Dep.on"",nt of HOUllns /Iill~ CoIJbett, 'n """"rtlttm.n' In"';t"" applicatlom 10< It,., post.-/orrn",,,,....J.JtiJ« "II po..iNlirie>?

Mincing wordsII magi"me "."", ...mm<o<l a ron E1lzabrth '>llln '0 II... yean in ioi'Of "'puti'd loUIlal anaultl of hil daugh,on dooolbod the """<no:."h.,lh·. nu.hnn, WOI ""lllirod, saId ,h. m.gl"'.,.,!O 'ha' """"'amed thaI thi, 'YP" of """.v\our WOIlld not be t".u'ed.- c:o.:... 1/". 8m</t nHd I<> Sd ""'i <If do rl'I,~ ""ti.<th ."".. tlwl ""'" orr$lowkumm~

Foul!Even ~, the dawn of 'ht new Sou,h AIricll, • dl~anted armdIor'po'''pt"l"!OfI ha. nOlrd, Ih....'" It}(W bla<t pl.y.... In tho 8ri"tIJrugby tum th.n In ,he South Afr;can >ide..

- Dtf/nlu:ly 001 mc-ttl.

Sitting ducks?TIll' Corntltutlon ""'y rommit tho n... ~mmt:rtlto "",,-...~l>rn buIit h•• yet to Impart ott Ofllct>l~ In the IOnnttly .1I-bl,,,-aU·tno\o

HOUle> 01 ParILam",,', 0.... wctI announcem.nt Inform. '1~tOf'! KJ '110parliomcntorr public galJ<.>ry lhat the fltsl two Jtn'l~ 01 """" ..... """"~lor ,he wh"el of Cobioo MItt".... and Member< of r.,lWnenl.

-" ,,,.. oflt"'boHNh ~>Id 1<1l'ffl "'" k""",i,'1 .,.",.., d~>t=Jl

Bitter bill11 ,he pri"",,..tlon 0/ T.lkom h... h.d. dloam""s Impocl on 1>'l..

phone bIIb, voter edu<:.otlon .... """" WOt>O. A 'moll ,..."" ...1 rommunily orpnbatlon whkh h""td I mt<'J education telm bo>tween

fotbn.w'y and April h... ""lu,,,"'" no""",,1 anI"o""" 011 tho gt'Ollll<hthat lh"" ,.lophon. bill ">Outed" during <hi> pctIod.

Where's the action in Democracy in Action?

Tt1AT'S UP to you. !II' • COflU1llulOf. Stnd "'. 1......, an ltlkle. anIn'orvkw.....ggesllon. oboot .nldes you'd llito' 10 ,eayw'd lix"IO ... ln prtm.

w. WQUld l1lo bloe to know whot you think .Ix:"" ol1ld... w, runand 1M new Iooi<of Dmxn."mAalon, TIunkyou to\h<.Rofyw..110 ha...., oJ,..dj' h..pM prail<' upon u>.

DIA now rrodl.. IlIOn' tha.. 13 {)()() fNdft> n:o'iorully and Intom...tIOnaIly. MQi\, ~"" thdr e<.>pio'o ltuOUf,h U,. 1"»'- w. 1I)'!w<l 10~ th<' m.oiling 1101 up to date '0 '0"'''' IILaI DlIo roach.. "'_..without~. But ... a", oO! perf<a (yell. So II youox~anyproblt'm. with doll""ryof DlIo pl"".. 101 '" knQw and I'LEASE lnkJrm..... II j'<JUf odd.... tw cIIarJ3"d Of b ~"8'

FInally, _ mo"" ou, ulu.lJ appeal to~ teado" wOO ""n .f/onl todo !O to make a donation '0 holp ..... I"'Y lor DIIo. Prlntlns at>d JlO''''8''..,.", oocalillt at a dluyi"ll ro'e m<I~ dona'\O!lholpo It$In OUtmmlon of mU1ng Dmrot:raty in Io<lioor .vallahk l<:J IhI' nWl~ peopIo>who OtnOOl alford to pay lor h.

W. IooIr. forward In _ring lrom you. •

Under pressure to reform the migrant labour system which underpinned apartheid, South Afrita's

new government must come up with policy that balances many conflicting, sometimes

heartbreaking. demands. MOIRA LEVY reports.

I•

Mining rocked byeconomic tremors

TliE oJlgranl labou, syslern pr-Nat"llJWlMld - I' I,,,.... 100 yea" old.a> Old., Ill<' gokl mlnl"8 IndumyIl~ - and III. "",,·'h~Ief)I"810

OIldl"" ap.u1hoid.A lrnado<u, highly "'J'hWX:tted and <nil.

efI..:tl"" m..hod 0( ~ocuring .00 rq><C>du<tng kob""" til< ",och of Ihb .}....." hal,~ad beyond l"origIn' In tI.. mlnl"ll W<torand I...~ IM'JIly ....ttmeMd In I1M'Soulh AfrIcI.n eronomy. Chllocmllt<l by theIocatlon04W01~u.....Uy""'n.lnclosedlmlllutlo(lS away'rom Ihn, IIQII)I:O' and f.m~I"" rOf Ihe d",otlon of lhtl, lol>our contr.><f. ItI. a ,ymm that hu """'" 10 vlnually .yrnb".II", lpanhoJd, How the n..... l!<"""TIrnent <Jlnotlonl\ unlty<le..h with ,hi> ",nttaltmet oflhe.parthokll<gocy will haw 1ar.l1'ochlngwn>aJ""""'" no! only for lht proreI>otIUrnlonnl.l1on In South Africa; I' will 11>0delwnint Ihe fat. of developmen' and ".bIIIty In ,he """hem lIh1<:an region "'I. whol..~ dlicmma fo<otl by ,h. ""'" !\O"m1mom

"the folklWlng: how~<J".u>JUfoml.<yI'''''' that I. Inhel1'tltly unlu" andexploil.tl,.. lnl<lon<' thai «irnhlnnm.,lndumy. <leveIopment <al"Jdty andpotmtlal lot lob and .....lIh creation WIth a....1commitment to workr,,' d3hn. dignityand humanity? LeII unrel<llve<llhe Is,,,,, willp<e>nlll ,..I th"'at to lO<"ol and JTgi<>naJ,YltUlty and ctwtg...

II WI' thl"on~ thot bmugbt SouthMl1can and InWtlltlonal economlSti andlabour upen, to • C<J<11...,nce heklln ca.",Town at th. end ofJu.... l1te <QI'Ikrenoo WI'sponi<Ji<'d by the In",matloNl Dovdopmcnlilf:lNrch Cem,.ln Canacla. Or'ganl>n Y,llmOllamn vi tho Untv=lty 0/ cape Townompha>i>cd thai 'he Ume WI' rll'" 10 ronfronlthe <:omplex legacy of the mI'l< mlgr.nl

DHlOrucv IN /\'ClION • S

'Holistic'new policy

ntli ......l nMd 10""... b. now post_• .,.lIheld poU.,. 0tI ml,'.n' I.bow.undo:rililn' lonl<'f of ae-l prIncIpla1I,,~ by Wilmol Jt"'~ tndJont'hnCnuh ~II""QOIl~on TramIonnin.IIM.... Mlpan(y In ..... 19I1llL

An nlnCt ftom llW IMP" _ 1m

1oiIoWl"3 prIndpla:.. Tht lI..k policy cholictIIC I> 10 dcvIwnalb!< polICy mUlura 10 kCOIIImod.olelhc to0lt of mll,tnlO' t«o",mod'lloopldercn~t.,Mllrtncr tnd ho".1 ,.,1·dttlCf: IhO\lld not be torctd up"" ....,.kmII. prtcondltlon or employmtn', IIlnlht pili. On lht Olhe, lI.nd, • wo,ku',dul't '0 'tm.ln t mlltonl .hould nolbe I,nun<lllo, ndudon Itom mlnctmpo,mtm... Mint~, ha< rartly betn hcId_nl.blot lot lu dechlnno around .........pIoytt>tnl of m!l'.nll.!loUr; mecll.·nl"",or Hcounublilly .nd fo"..lnl'(ru. now of InJo"...~'lon .hould lit-"1'\:lIIqt ihouId be IIolbdrand ""'-...baJfod. Tbt dUUUCII•• ru,.llmpac. ofmint-II ...y_bt.....__ Eff<lm

to IaI.pl'oott II.. wortlllltnd IMoe m ...·IOnllltll. of ",In.n ,bould .Ilo ImpaclpooIlIwdrlln lilt Itoad. .....~.. New poItdtJ Il.I>'lt '11~ lIThe1ool1-....nd\ft1 IIbtork.1ol auodali.... ofbl-d--.oflom Lttolho, ,........,....,.....S..uUand, ........n••nd Mallow! wllIl,,"d 111.1'11I'10' conulbullon 10, Ibt.....lIh·....... II... copacilic. of SouIIIAh1<:J'. ",1nt1, 2).1It~a<1cIcptn<Io:n«d.lnIIMduoN worktu, tbtIr famlIieIand kl1I ntf1OfOfb., weD as _ rommunill.. on min. w'an ta,nfll on lh.W1tw.I....and; 31111t dhrupd'o'C IndJ\id.ual. twfIOI1IlC """ 1'011"011 <XImCqutnenanr...:lleal clIanft In ' .... ....-1 NIIonIlp,ofile of 'he mlnn' labour k>rce wouldhi..., In tI>tI~ 1l'I«Il/lL •

MINE MIGRANCY

IoOOwr syK1!m and m. tilt po:-...I....~u.'..iltr.;l_briooe_ 00~1O-.poky__...o:n>auUlJl& ......-..

Ko and jonol/wn CNoh of~'I UnI-.ily. Oftuno,. calIodb._I"'*J IbM -.._.... fI&ndorMntol ....Iho~and~d"

..... n.....'. -soum Ahbr\JDinl,nlhouId cnlo1lt1t _ rtetm and bt ••m ..

<Jlha ....n:cn.~ fIlIrwn, ........ _Iho _ ......anct oppomanIllrs" aI otbnimmlp-mlOtlwa;aanuy.

'TbPpoIIdo>oI dlt4*'dltid ~pIU">dedcmblII wpport b II........... btI<lur.~ poIICIn. 1'osl"P'ftbrid policy>hoIdd lIIU:Imbtopponunidl:!._ blmoo>IO"",plc>yftl.lndudln&1I'lpn1_~wi!hou. undmalnllll the _ andompkryJnent-<l'Ntlnll;llJ)lldfy of thls _ .•1bt~entllltd TramIorml"ll

M1.... MJpncyln tht 199Ol,a:meoaftn)"'OnDl abIs In dlt IncMIry. SpNkcf ofle. Jpe11<erpolntull81oomy plCtu", '" mas>M Indeoal&tln3 rtlmtehrMnl>, flll~rinll mIrIo5, onUVCfIIl docll.... In ,1M: COld pI\cl' and thtquolityal IOn mlnfd. wd1QI.IUy~..",..,. CQrtlnl.......... tltfotl3hout tho fqIonw_1horou&h~ on 1MSouthMrIcan mIninIlndl.nIty ,...... dI'eIIdtul'J'O«I'O of InIJHqlOl>ilIl(OD<lmi< mI:bol""

1btSouth A/rlaIn mln.lna IrJdusu)' ha$boa! shoddI"Ilobouf >Intt dlt mld-1'171l!o.Tht> pn>CaI pined ft,on..nrulll oiln 1\11I1.I*tindIdy_ 1M hupAupnl l'lIIl___ lnttw .... lII,...... .....m-.Indusby hal"* -tr 18000') job$duelO~_dowl~_

• hlII bom ...... Itd dial ao>othft UOlD>jobowukllO bym. ~II'!Q.

It Ir.oo bom~ _ lor"'CfYIIIlpam ~ LhoR__ 1O

IOpoaplt ...........hb-.n.r~'"INdodbuaib ond IlIiIlp... ,t don: drImIllc,~ fIl ....--_~~"''''M_U'''''''UW .........1........m,~TmmbI a.kot.~bomr'"bNnt lJIl.,..,th and 'tUaod~

_ 5tMlJda~Iha' """"mIn<n_ Ihr~ $llIlel(tllltlnoof' ",,,

pdultdbydwO!Mnbnoltol_ .........tlIod and o.ptiltloued ....n:cn. IT hlII oDo_ JlIId It..~ mlncn' rrlotl~"mJ31h ..u-l'Il thtIfSoulh MrIcan ""10"""JIAlI> hlII m..:l> 10 dOwtth.~ on 1Mput ofmlrw marwogti'WIi11O smmot•• muJtl.

-

(U/nUI. _ tlw....... intnmkallydiYldtd,-T1tiIlmpKtlon ..... poky~lC '" iMt,_lIltqw h·cwllllllt_ ..............."'"*-1O.................... 1ndLmrJ "'"""I-"""""lOdtcIdIt wt- 11I _..".. f!oml GMn Itk ll'WftII"oI'-_ wIlhln ..... boodtrld.South Afrk3-.tP"'""ftlln tIIInlrtI '-"10-.......Ut\f*IJ4kflr 011 $oulh AII1anlIlnl. ....._a"o..,ot willt.t'o'C IOcIt<ldo wI."." •door on rnlp...,--and .......-.M 011 c\tndelIIfIIO and.......10 I J IIllplwqt "'"' will ....... - lOlllbrWOflh~_~'" 00"

,",II fk!&ltl:iOurlnC~IICllnIIn'Ilcs will be devlll.litd bf lUCh. __I~,lhe..... lki......_~

will IUfCly lind ItxIJ lInC1IfI>lofubitndofIInIlltt m.oln~OIIo.,...= boooedon whit Cnuh rdtmd 10 as '1af1I..u.~old-faohlontd COOUO('l rnwanlJ, lftIata:lasolflJlt men. /oll;'f(l1O U..., In d>t ('OfIlJlOl1lld',untble'o own ~tty, IUsctpllble to a1111ttIuonbhlJlll oIlltt old oymrn",

The ~hllnjlI"I ta,lfI(lfOlc and, In poJtk\tlar,tmploymtnl condlUor" In 1ht mlnlngtndmIJy hive scncraitd d>t pherI<:Ionmon of<arerI mlifan<'Y lOll WIIIllw btcn dubbed-InIltDbk mlpncy", On tI>t Incfft1t llfK'I'lhe loIc 191'lll. II btl bHn cbtfxtulwd bymlntn..no.~ b lepI pwpoooo slIUmlpanl>, ....... mini,..CIfftIIn .....-..a 011 any DthtI' ."......,a....0fllI0'IlIRICIt -Itlnf: QOIl'b...",. on dwmint> and rt!UmIn&~ _ .q><altdl,'" d1t a:tbw -~ ....._I<lbot ......-- ........,j -pnlodI.Thb "- ......,. fIIIIpanlJ In Iht199Ol,q;cUUlUklndd.pIO'lodo' '-1'"........ IoK1f.. , .q okIIlo _ upulud

"'"-.tom"'" fundamtntaI flItm 011........, and fu ••a 011_ <tI. tu-,---Sold Cnah:~ flu • a IIIlIttd as lhc1-. <tI daak.....- 0)'IIafI_ ~ ddt....._0lIRlf0II1lO'tf wt- htWOfbod, b how ...._ huwol'lm. Now I>t ha<...-. bt .......

""""'" lIbour "'"~ ...",.._'M~lI, llktalOChtr__

cmplorea. ...... ""lril QOIlilnUOUloly WIthfbod annuallwo't at """'P"Yandjoll, .. lhty.ft~ by ,wn.. Ol'bo..uLlhtq.....1on 10: _ IftlhtcmtoandImpllaollonlOll nonnaIltJlII only lint rwt of... lililOrlOllly abnotmaIiaboo.ar OJ'll''''?'' •

MINE MIGRANCY

Headingsouth:

Basotho'sonly option

7htluy. fllmost Iml(o(LeWlho's GNP deril'esfrom lIle ell/plopI/"nt o(lu dtlzetls 0/1 till' SoutllAfricall ",Illes Il5 againstfigM [H'rn.""t deri~'efl (roll,LIte 'lgriCII/tuml secfOr,Il'lIidlemp/oys oyer 70

pucc"t oftllOse III tl/etJoII/cstk work-(oret'.

THOSE "'8"1"8 t ...., thr migrant labour '}'1lorn can haw nopbco: In on ap.mtlcld.!ree South Africa wlU Inevitably rom<'

up "<1"'1\>1 OIl< of the 11'Q11H:> th., the 'y$tem IUElf II..cnser>dcred, Ill! .I.y>. the dem",,,"ic n.... flO\""""em will.ffeai""ly be mdon,l"l1 """ 01 the most IniquilOW Iabau

I~ ,he lndumt.ol wo,1d hJ.' evoI~ to dal<': 1111 goes. ,tw Mandelapom1mmt wUl be rn.pornll>le 101 unprttftkmed ,qIoru.1 hardshIp......, dtvwallon,

N\>wh.", b 11m dll<rnm. lfIOI'O dearly Dlum.ted than In the ca>e ofl.elotho. A~.t.1y JIOOf, lIDdlockod Ol.te with meagre agricullWlJ,lf'!IllUln$ and unit manuf;octurtng lnduotry, II dl1pl.y> an enmmdrplondmcy on the South Mrlcan l'COfIOmy; u.otho Iw b«nIlotcrIbI'd .... tenth South Afrlran provlJlclo.

Some ha"" argued that fur this "'""'" It 1hould bc [",.Ied as. sp<dal<ate wttrn polky Is dro,.." up. Lesotho expem David Coplan 01 1MUn1vn5Ity of0.1'" Town and Tl\omlII... ThOllhW>.> of the Unlvnslty01 Stou...tMl«h counter ......t "the very exuemlty or ,n. sl,uatlon ofLaotIoo" lormor, "'m:nt .nd >splrlng mwan" dcUnul.. D>O<' d ..,lym. 4IImun.os f""ns >!temp<> 10 \J1IlUfonn boIh the mlgrant L1bout$y>tmI dnd rqiorW e<ooomic and polillal .....tIons. TheorlI~tcll!alfII)mkaUy vlobk;and >OCi.tlly o"""l!ofJ.ti"" ooIu1100' to ,heproblmu ot lnoIho mlgnn\> woukl ",,">Inly augur weD, If "'" l<"rWH. ruockL for lXht'!' bU"te,al 'Sl..""'''1> on reglonaIlaboUppli<1" for Soulh A.frI<3 dat..~ tothe early 191h cenrury. PrioI' to lndrpon<lr1lCO In 1966. lhe colonial~l poJd 1111;" heI'd 10 Ih~ devtlopmml of. kaJ eoonomy.WUh only 13 p"fl"enl of lh. I<Ind poleflllally ara,*,. unrell;lb;" ralnfoll,fo!w ""llUlll resource> and moun\alnow.lnraln lhallnl<l< lhodtvtIoprnenl of a rommunlatlon LnhmruClIm prohlrnti""ly~,lh~ 8&""'110', only opllon wa, to ....k work in l1JC' .o'''h.

EIl:lmoles of lh• •",ly )'<'ars of the mlnIng lndumy '~lth.1tatI\mes1Wfof Lesotho', .dull mal. labour lOrro workod In South Africa;In lhoftm """"k after lrtMpm"""'" migrant> ootnumbom;l w.110tm~ ..11hJn lh. kingdom by at "'..tll..... lOOl1<', Today, almoslhalf of l.osotho'. GlOSS Natlooal Product derlve from the ornploytmnlDIll' dti"".. on lho Soulh Afrlcan lt1lnl's _as >galnsl oIRhI pncenldottvtd from 1M ogrkultur.ol :1«101, which _p!oysovt:l 70 fII"'."'1l1of~ln1M_lie work.Iorn.11 has ben! a,guo<! lhal alJn<),1aUIn~l for rural d<veJopmonI rom", from wage> .anll'd InSouthAfrQ,

Tho CClIUeq"""",,, 01 a drop In nmings from Sooth Afrlca are1horfI:~ ratamophk. According to Coplan and T1K>Ihlano: "lk:loIhoNa >n economy wtIh fl>w olM, 'multlpl",",', >"d mIn.~

m.nts h,a,.. an ..d....'''' <:flee! lNl ~ad, from ,he migrant andhb famUy lh""'81l1h.l.'COlIOtnk weU-oprlng> of rommunity..,drornrnefdaIU".."

Thor lold Ih. conkrm"" on T,arnlormJ!l3 Mln~Mlgnlncy In lhe1990< lhal belwtm slx and -.n<kpondonll.~ llld' bn'adwinn<rand U.....lIhood"""h time a mlgranl \oleo hls fob; 10 get on Ido.. of lhoproportion of l1JC' populallon omp!oyod In Sooth Afrka roml<kt lho(xl lhat for overy minl'WOll<ef, \h.... &1'1' >boul 1~ IlMolho remainingIn Lnotho.

II b in this «>111'~' lhatl1JC' ongolng docIlM In number! 0( Ilasothoemp~OIl ,h. min.. mUSl bo undf.or..lood. ~Inco 1987, 14000B.uotho Ita"" been~ hom Soolh AfrIcan m1It<s. In 1976. 48pet=t1 0( Ilaxs1ho mon In th. oc:onomlOl1lr ,ita! 2O-h).~+y...r age.group "= ~mployro.. mlneworlu'n. A decade laler, thb fi8U"' had<1roppod to 38 pm:enl .nd last yeu I' wn 2~ perrenl. II has been..Ilmalod th.l In th. rea' 2((11, ,h. figure may bo as low a, 17 percon<.

Coplan >nd Tltoahlart<' desctlbo lhe pim <:on""lu"""" of 'hi>:"lbotho', a:ooomy has .., .,;Irom.ly 11 mlled """""" capacity 10a_mumlng mln<worktn or lho many asplrtn.s migllOnn likely 10bo detmtt mlfy Into the Indumy. Urte<tlploytMn' il>df >urgO'd fromZ3 pm:ent In 1966 10 40 JI"'fI"e1l' In 1991."

They ..rguo INllhe~... Basotho miners wno tal'Jl'"led boca"'"or thelt historic ",loU"" milllaJK"y .nd Ibnr do•• asooclollol'l wilh lhoNational Unlott of Mlnoworl<= (/'o'UM) _and thllilonly lho.WI ofth\"ir oc:ct'<Utt oflbu.. 01 pown and unlus, labou' practi<"es by ml....m.rnag=>on'. ThW """..",h u""",,"rs what lhey tle<crIbo as br1beryand nepodmI and a >y>tomallc allornpt 1Oac:a~paying the f<'ImICb.mrnl package< and nih" bmdlt> MgOIloled wlth 1M NUM.

'"11tos< reumched WIn g1vm IlllJo 01 no warning. pakllho """""'IOIJtslandln.s slnn thtlr last bj.-..wkly pay l1Ip, and told 10got tnlsal\holt own expen.., to Lesotho Whon' UwIt sorvIct' boo""" andptO\'ldo'nl fund payout> """ld bo wall!"ll fOl """" al tho ttff\a;s of the""rut",,"n, agent:)'. 1ltero lhoy~.. told th.'J' 'hoy had boonmisInformed and lho' thelr """"'Y .... ba<;k In Sooth Mrlco a' lhoml..... Ihose who returned to th~min. _ 'old 10 go bad< 10 Ltsothoand wall. Th. ~x·mln",' rnotloy f(lf 'ron>port and pallo~...,...bylhls m&n' .rlI.a"'ted."

Coplan an<l1hoahlan. conclude: "Largo-Kal. mre"du"ent Is panof a SIr.logy 10 undmnl"" lhe NUM, n:duce mIUlan<)'. avoid thocortSf<luen<n 01 coIlec11VO' bo,&OlnLng, ""= labour rosu and .!W3"In tho 'oodal dumping' of lhe roll> of c.op;talln'"ffimmt and....lruclUtln.s InlO Ute R1J>OV\'d mvtronmmlS of ornploymml-hungt)·labout """".... " •

Dr"ocOAo' f~ A(Tlo~ • 7

MINE MIGRANCY

Hostels 0New poticy on migrant labour

will have to allow for a range of

accommodation options, induding the much-reviled hostel system. se

----_._."".--....-.=:--=-~=--~--

.-....COMCRtTl (OM·MU!'Il: II mlgor...tdomthot)' wlth <om-munalsl lnloh.nnti tg in._._,.... IIACUNNAif

DUAMHOMlS7P....phlet..........1·

Ing lIcHne-.....-nhlpKheme. for mlM"_

d.,.105i" to ll""doo< l<> I~ mIne wllh hi>fBmll}i.1~ 1...1 ",nuln, thoot the ~" fTIllJo'llyof

b/.1(~ mlnew<><kcn, ""'"' Itun 90 pct<'UlI,"III Iiv<' 111 'IngIo:-..... ho<tek. yj,lllng w1=~r>d family InwoollIWlly;and ",lying OJImlM ""'''''I''rnmt /l,)I KCOITlrnodaUon andrelat«l 50CIill ..~

"'Ilela to I"",",h.Ke' mankdO<.'<.'ODIIfI<Xtlon and hon>«>wn<Mlpsch<mn on the'ml~ loa.... ,"",hod only...,..II ellK' &rooP of worl;on; moWy tlltxllUlOYallon. n!tIWn unafhxtla~and sufi...from lac~ ofI~and """"h"llon ,,'nitthe wtrrnn ih<rmI'J'-"$ 0/ the union. lb.corl~"" Tr.lnYonnlng MIM Migran<r

This page sponsored by INVESTEC BANK LIMITED

ardshipchange

From miner tocandle maker

• _l99OI holoId Ill ..._h ..........

I:=~-"lnlfI>cIladby tho A<lP>I', euo.....kw'lnI9l4,__IW.,... INod -. ..tidI*lilllnby__ thrft ptK'mI ot lIlt-'fortt.~_poll<)' w\lI ...... 10 IaRlnlO

lho IKl dIM trw ml&J worI:.fooao...... lndusbyb_a t--.. poup....unm__ Irltemu.

ror ..... 1hIna. Ibm I.--. an ""1*"1oo"'~ 10 I\osld<.. wllh _ m!«Rn"

IO~ •~, olk>wanoo and......._-.. •........., tIw'<MD-IbIpl. (11__ Iny......my) o< er

""""""b.SwftpI"I call~10 JrnOp!he I\t::o$lol 'Y""'"

......... 10 run 1010 0f'll'C'$l1k>n from """"""4Ian' 1">""". 'Thd<o'''1~ woo ....1~~ .. ch..p Io<'CO/nmQdl.1on and thti,ll'IlymNn'l<l "",,1... In ,he' wNn or pm.~Jl.-l mvtronm~m Oll,!>d, low W>gf'S.

M""'" wOO Ila-e __ I\II~ _, lor

amti* 'n ~..abIl\IIN&taL may c"""'" to~ IhN rural hornI' .and maIn'>!n IheislIIlFont """'; 0II11m tmm IoodIy lm~.IIIwd nnI _ rommunldo< may jump ill

Iho opponunllr 10 bnnC tlwIr~ 10 1f1.

"',",Iho~AvaIIatlW.,.ot..... ""~u,1ChooIinc and <llhn __'*to ... abo lnIpecI'" rnopnb' .-.....

In oddItIoo~pt'OIllmlty "' ....__>nil.... 7 ' p oondldoll thu:<te\t of.....,.......,._ b)' '"*"t 1IW-,#;:X;1I1O I"""1<k

' _Itw laaaroif) oItht_ ..... A wtmonly .... ,-:>Pfti<lwJIon~., JllQUlm -,._all

s.oun f1OIIllllOlt WIllI. bill lam

-.el- ""'"' apIn:II_ 3 ,>nil ............... othft IIllpnI poupL no._ lao Ilooto:lolIf: lor -rr I .........,., 10 bob'8flI ...... and alfttfOIlrd·

In thb (llI"IJeI<\1nl hoAtl ddlo>,"" ,-,.."..ibtdby_ ..'fa<IiIIn fi&hb' IIf <thnlc ronI\io<ll. can bo_ ....sm.ood ..~"""'._ ~ -llw~ - _ ""'" powft'

and -..,Ily W\lhln II. /o.kNI<MI 1hoImn "pol!de> aim. ..1e·IOC ioIaoo:r~ Iho I>o:;Jl,Iot .conllicl """,""""", to.

~-Ho dtn .. an 61mplo I 0'I0Itn. ('IaVI

bdWft'n i Pondol and ~.o poop....fIl"W1y .,ul:>llsllfd mint rt l)oorO;roal "" t~W... lland.l~ loU..,"'l~ the ftm8"""P ....pl<Jy<d on lho "".... foundtI'IemJ.l'l""" bKomll\ll ""''lIlnioli!ed ..rKnlltlllg ""i'lli'd up "ld Olhet group;, UU1M Pondo, cam< to~11U1~.Whm •Pondo~ pI.acN hlnuclfIt lilt .nlr~to lilt haotrl ond .ltnnplod 1O"",,\1'QIenlryclOthon. • cWII mwod.As~.uplalnod. 'w"''" tndi:ltnl~"'"W~poIltI<2I 0Id011n lho_d. Wllh lilt I'oodo -lIKJ"tni 1<1<nfI!OlIdI~ lib poup'l dQmj....,. \WUI and

poup~p"of Ilw mInr",;~._u1lw NationIII Union of Mirw...b,,'

~'UNI~ rhlIlp polnwd OU'W' 1M _bad stronPYoppolN W ...of_c • Its ond ,"",""",-1iUllw".,.... III !tar~ bKausoof thtII~11<I ...... _ <lMdir 1M"""""""

5lIo_1M ·.~_

polky twd ltd 1<1' cItdlm III oUUIic ......1iX_ •~ <Itdlrw In Ilw dCIda..., of-lactlon flcIm-

1'hlIIp _lho "-'\J\ol .................iI<Io:IlaIIy.•ho blMOrlaI ....,...RliUJilII .........................""'lla1lh 1M _

twd dJa:l:!'d)' adudod lht ,.... =on

asod ..,.rIon;h who twd 1Jowchl""""""'""""'l' to _ ... tlNwlNW "" llwWrtwMft...ncI. •

THENMDwoll.lo*- vi t n to(NUW)hM ........In-r_dllwM 1 .awos....1n

l&IUINu-.ollb _ ........-.-.ft_"bc potoc:IlhM .-Idts .....~to""-'7' ,.,...,.-...Iar.,tr.. ,• .,al*_"'"'- ........

T......-.dothor1UJlpllnb 1dtd"WIt- M _d.-..__III •..... of-..ll-oalo .........__..lMm'"~ It'"*' tIlIlto In. war IhIl......ol'kll,li},....ntftloal noI....k>po......

ICaIt I'tllllpof 11olO NUM !Old ....~ how II worb: NotllkdolImpmdlna ItlItild\monll, .... union 'Iilllf,hoaftt<"Ifd --.m WIth. 2(Hon lruc:t:eddbItl.... OU lNlnnti 01 smoU eI'Iltifolws!fOIiI k.lyCIJIIlrl& to JDYi'W"tellP"V11\11Oandlt maldn"1lwc~ Iielln....:hln; ,Ill! ""Ol1lm bob<""" dispontmlnts!lOalCtlmes bIrtly&h't tho ......JIOClaoolltl~aIlIi<AlBh daIh.,.,""'" btlnI fWIOIlaIftl with ........,....mb_1O1IIl1rast.u-.., diJtria C1:Jnc.:<poup IIil1 ond~1<I...,p,r_UIir*tIanct IIMco COl~

_0"'-", poct r III "".....So"""""""10 tbIa~ dtallho

NUW _laIIIdoat. Ot '. 0 ea.u.:III ....T.....ut wtltcb pMl t e,ipjMlp"... ' ••..,.~ .-.dc.dtlll6"i'keaadodla..,...,.AnoIba-__....

Iu~ ....!dIdI 1m !"\e=b.·lm~.lOldr_COl t:ht...,.---'.....-y.

SaId~'n._.I<I_d.-......W._tblaln_vl ....do 7 I • ..."..•nr. '","II t Inttlf' 1 ,0«;; ,_"1rdwl _ (llIlId III!ldlodouNU oflhtloal II n......... """"' .... ..,wIdr Iht ......pqoaslD Ilw.......-'t.............. ond Ot;;;;';;.~.1'1.. •

This~ spo.-rtd OTIS ElEVATQft COMPANY UMmO

PROFILE

IIOSBEAAAD'With tIM

D...... g.........-.-III(;IfT: In Chile

Ihls monthdl..,uulngt"'thand

recondllootlon.

.....

WilEN Prog......."" I't.<Ietall'arty MP AJu 80rnne andu.ader of tI,e Oppo<ition Von Zyl SLlbben wolli>dout of P.,IWnent In F<:tlruary 19I16, they W<'fe 1.01from ""'" what the rulU'" htld. Wh., they~ceIUIn about wa> th.1 II\<y wamed to help~

the gop bet...,.." tll< polal'lw<l world> 01 pill'llommtory.nd <Xu.·pilllWnentol)" politics In Soolh AhIa.

Eight mOflllu lOla. oft... dl....,»lon, wllh people a<"fOSiI the poIltl<:l.l'P<C'tUm.ond 0<10'> the """"try. tt~·oponed,he lint Dtfk< olldo...II=> known a, the In>lltut< tar. Democtatlc Altema'i>~ftw SoothAftica_ Situated In Port 1'.llz.>be1h and ltaffed by th~ people. ,hefie<l8eUng In'tltute grew",...,. tho'~ Into a natiunal ..gartl...tiQnwith 1Ix regional~. ro ",..mbm oflt3ff.nd hea<lqumen nowIocaled _ by WOtrgy or by ch.o'''''' _acros> the 'oad /roo,~ntNelson Mand<>Ia·.offid.ll ~~In C.poTown,

FuOOiQnlng", UOC11U"" t11rt<'tor of IdOla throughout tIt1J ptt'Ico:I Ofgrowth, IlonrIM announcod e..ly thl' year that he woukl "ep down atthe <:nd of July. He Ioob b«:k -.nd look> forw.rd - In the Imervkwwhlch 101""""-

_ 10 JOUr moot _..-nary of your_ d_1It wuuld h",~ to he the D.w Inlti.ltl..... In 1967 (whidt brough'togeUt... prominent South Aft1cam and mmlllerJ of the then b.1nnO'dA.'1C) beG..... of l<l4so., """","",.nd the """" 01 breaking nO'W

3fO"nd.~ D>.1w m<'O'tIng cluJlmgro tItt ,UtUJ quo of thO' South

Atr\clln poIltlcallCftlllllo .nd It .100 pul Ida.. on Ihe m.p In t....... ofworld ro,..t"O~ "''ll''1y beG"'" 0/ Ih••nl"3""utlc reactiun 01 theSouth Aft1<;tn gt""'t'IlttlCI,

Bu' the 0."", meell"l! .ho hod the effea of maldnK people .....ke upto -rng anoIher lI<!c' of tit< then demon'oed ANC. 1,ul'l'0" D>.ka, ...UJ "". pilth-

Thlnklngof vivid nl,"""". I """W .ho~ aIxIot .nCOunt.....1th the corntadeo In the t""·r1>hJj>.l ofl'ort ElI"'beth In the ""'Y ".,Iydo)" of Idala. W. we... rnlly on trlaJ tl=>. I think IIt<11' ...asa 11"8'" n'"a' the II"'" tllot the lIedg«llng IdOla would bt <."Jmhe<l1:Jc1wem the""pIdonI of the for left.nd 1Iw~ 0......"" taken by!he sto".~ ,UI. did I" d>mtlf'dnl1O try to c","" u, down.

Th""" ....' .lUsp!don from the fa' ltft thot we hod on "8"nd> of QW

own and maybe """" ~ ....... thot whll" shouldn't bt 11l'o'O!'""'" inprtellJllaUng """'" sort 01 bfukthrough. Ida.. h.>d '0 >!tugle to p<oveI" bona frdo>.; we h.>d to dollver ond WI' had toa>n<ulL

W_ tlMnotMr, IRu 9' ,.,..,......, .nn" _,..... think bad< ""00 belng 01 p.rtku'" y...... or Import 1

I think 0 .... te"ds to.,.,.".1ook 1M wry !>f InltlotfVl':\ lhal werebeI"8 takm lttJlde Ill< country at gromOOllIevel' <'Vt1tlS whichbrought Dlacko .nd ,,'hllntogethel'. V<'fJ' otte" peopk who'd ~"glaring at each othe, 0CI'0In 11M'.by1l, but "'00 lhen bog.ln lo.....,h (lUI

lO.aett o<he' .ft... thae Intllal.rtCOIlttt.... Tho••~w=monno.."y gratllylng beco"'" J"'U ..w~ chon,g:lng righlln frnnl

From Dakar to

emocracHe is retiring from his post as executive director but Alex MMr IdasaMBoraine remains

both on the board and In the building. He took time out from setting up his"Justice in Transition"

office to reflect with SUE VALENTINE.

10. DE"'OClAn IN ACttON

GIl,.,.. - do~ .. Illrif ..<1"--' cl'I.anslnI-""" buiIdirlI a bM..._lIwyOlUkl _Iorw.o.~~d>f~_-..n..oithr ld.o:l.I_lrl

...... pound. tuIf thr done _ ~ IlJww II thr tIIInI~......._qWcc.~.bo·.. blJlktinl; pax,

Ih<' "'I<"ofdDbjtft.r nobr!d&<"~.Idm I>oanw-a bndp .... .....-1 "'I'P"'I'P. lib .. brIdp:l., __

-~Whm l"""""'~p""p" who '" now -'t<ll.. In p«»incW

..............1....... II.. COWIlJy. anol whm JIDU _ al m. rnton oip<'ClpIt who......., al o.u.v -' who m _ pan oi I~ aobInft.n inlftC'Slln:110 1ft how ....ny """" pan or~ Inll:l;ol """"'Ill~ IndIJ2ldln8-., 1:IIClIIlaiN try Id&.

Of " .... II poo__.-ft" _ fundlrog'

~ and ""~ an 11K1'rd,bl<' <lobi kl llIe 1n1Cm>11onI.1 (oo\l1)unllfwho ..'I'JItd In 'lid 1..1"".1 u' IrQfl\ II\f 'l.ut.III, f">INI'"wmmmuuyon It...... South Afrlan' who> wry rattly ...JlPOfIIId anyW\l;l~\'Uoi Ihl. Und. Thmo .... """" ""''''' a"'f'lloru. bul OWprInwy ""'''''' oi fundln. ClIn.. from 0I0ISid< U.. alUnuy andt<llhoou thtm _ could """""~~ thrron_1on _<lid.

__,....1"'.( ' ....~.lIIt1M--......"o-d\._....... M ..' ... _ ... '""'""'.. t~ ....ect,..." ldol0...tl,__rW,,""""'_w.,..IDgkaI_.......__of,... ..... _ ... 11_1D)'ft41d1t~ In ,... domdl """ 0~"'_ thr I'l'IIl SouthAlIb. I<bdn, /lOIl.-l obouIlI.. I _ Ihrtot and _ thr~Ilnt:...... olllJ*llhnd on Itw '"""of propk. TlIom I thr~olAnsloAnlC!rlan__ tbrbon_ ~--.......1~"""IloMdo .. , ......oltbr_ Oourdo_ttI<!n... t I ,,~_t_OiI...lk' tbythrttdMtllnllW1OdtIy.1bK koc't<I _Imo p:IlI1In.. acruaIr: I ttoDush' m. by"",11II i'lI tbr II:.<f pIIym b« '" flu I wuld~~ II_-,.kl t- •• I-..ppow,boKwho ..............__........~ ... .....,tbm-1..-. 1ralbod thai ...--, ..... nor thr pIatr "' .... " _ • _

Illo"'*,_ rNAIned. !Iu' "" anIy Ihouf;tll ....1cIIu..... _Idt """'"""'"' W, -"1 _ with thr__ ol-"11 up. Whtel ... __OUI. __l __ w,,", ___....

So I~:aII l'-lnrtwncn_ !rusmIllomMd OOICUnllmmleo! ood Into Idao.A. I' -1IIIfl'd 'l"'"' pmon.olly.

___ to '""" ......,I~ """ IIr<nIy INII'"-.nip oi _ muoc <IIIntt', bull<tlUld 'l"1l......IyN~ ""Y'<'! on. I'm """ uellO!<! abou' , IQl of w","l

IliIA II ..... _ ... do, _ ..'" "'"~" Ilcao.tw r", Ihd.. hnd ~-.1m my _10 '" IIIIow b IIhlft lOO<OIdo_~a ...- ......__ atIo.., IIJI'I out "'*'"' I'm _ ....

-.011.100 loft a -... aommIlmm, "'dNllna wlth thr.-_~_~.ThbaJllkl_-.lbw """'cb IdMI;It"l.aM '"_',-.,~olllsdf.lNl t /oft I.- dM~ '" Ionl:I quilt' InWmIvdy an ......

r'W1tnl Munxd trum South """"kaw~ lloot.l'd doody OIl tho'ajk,ltlkHol 0111<. "'Jmlino. -.I UfUIlY)', whldl_~diIlnml. bullud limit. n..miIIon pooo:omn. And rm _~~••,••~"...'"'IIwI '""" tNt it II _ "'.........1\,01~ om -'...".,. tum a P"F ond""".. focw.td. W1>Oft tit.. _ ~plNlllwmolt'<! ...............,...",.

Th< md qu&tio<l k noc whf1ha~ do 0< <Jon'11,/o ""ythl"l- bu'wh:ol b I"""llJII, Witltl~ I"" poI111<tl rnUllnll ond I'" dtcnand forl"'lh whkh tn.1b1ft '" 10~rrh /00 1OWll<llillllon. I don'l Ilnnw wllef'Ihl, wUl ..~ _, hut PICI ,101 wonlod obuoul W,. Nor am I<01'K'ftn<'d........1Wild,,", 0< not lh11 m.>~'" • nlll!O'ronlr1butlOn. 11'. """""""",,11.>1 l"m vny mudlln I"'" w1lh wI.., t'", Mom doll'll aU my Il",Ind itu., lhb nut <tep 10 DDn>I>tmI wllh IollOwlog my ron¥l<tlOn> andm,"""h1hb _ poojen not ....,.1.... ".__ .......,No, It won' t.omo onotha Ido<:o IMoU'Io< II', vny.....u Ind ""'Y..-.n-i. In .. Ife.I thai hi> lis OWTI ",1wI/ tM In "'IhI. w~ den'1Wlnl to~1on lhr.-. ""-... 1O<bI WI1tl tlv po>C.lO hdpOUl<'a Ivn.ft booed _ <:0:1 dteaed _ ...,., but an tnnh. to heIp ... -"

100 """"""'" """'" h puooIt* ....."'_ ~ II....-. ..... In 'IpUdoo"

_ ..,.-- ..... 1... II ..,_~1'l>oft _ '" mony-.. _ I A:IIl_ '" lit>. but thr _ h_lIlr&__h 100 obon. I oouuId •• IIIt/Io _ 10.,.... - '"1btm "'''-' 10 lUm......".1Im<-. "' _., to< WIthpd h/Irrob....o.:u """"'s to to< noshlr'I oft - .Iklt cbc.

l·d ..... ik ... """'"_-lkdon......................... ln "of",_,lhor boot but it pouIIoIbI) _, ""wm. UI hid lhclu.wryofdnI' I'd "-10_,e-ldo:lIlI.:lllit .-..""'"~-. ill thrdlurdt.. """"""'__-__- 011 thr kcn ,;." .._

"'""A_It iM1__wlIl "'" thr _ lOY)" _ tllC!y'lt nor poId ""'Y _ but. 1mmyvH, thr ft"OOmlOUI n<llb'knl. Ilk-_ b"ot.'lIkICIInSouthAtrkan Ilk wbkb I'", Ojk........Nlhrou&h ..- ""'''"' .... lodIOItktImnltllltllohouldpoy_ "'" dW~dtw!nllponolll.1mun III Bdfl,IIaf I"'nntln.& ... b.K!tlnI_Ilu-..IdaoI....,.m..h In II> <kbt. •

D'''MU~'' ," An,,,,, 011

Space forsecrecy shrinksFlexing

media muscle

, "

"

,

..

~ Tne freedom of

expression clause In

South Africa's new Bill of

Rights offers journalists the

rmeans to contest media gags

. contained in laws such as the

Defence Act. They should not

hesitate to do 50, says

DEMOCRACY WATCH

71,1'" Is "0 /l.SSilmllct "U/' lite gol't'nllllftlt willQ((qJt /I frredom orIUrON/I'1t111ll An. Fw 'he .sa",~

t'('ll.$OlI tlw' gOI'ffl""f'lItj Urt lootl, to )'Il'id~ts,Oil')' UfT wary 0(fJll"'lCJ,IIlS 1(f\O's w1del, {rKc~'hem t/llto so.

OMEWlI£l1~ Ihr...--_hMt" adnt.......~ fIIin«. w.l of<loaaDmtl.l1l a.....u. dartpIaor 10 k IIfIlOIld>tod.~~ InIhrUnlon

·-..ymllhllll'~

~:=.~.:_~lOOl'1\ ..hkh 00__1hInk 10 JOfdI. III polIao

a !\In(1loNry ttq!ll ~ puttlJlisof1fmnh.!louIh ashrtdidotl'. BIts"""

.--. !tee and lhm: lllfd. Wd<lm., ~. _l'I'UUIoJ be !he wber; llOl many

"'lJUld .:art. Whol h IlOl kr>own ""nOO!",-".

)ournall.\tlI undmumd thaI p!'Opk' ha""ll\WtS. 1btn~ lnn'>CI1tW II>< pl'OpI~, III<'_ -"4nlfIan1 _tlln. _ ..ThoP notlonof."., I'fCII- ofln, alIt>ft doom 10 Ulb: 10

wI>lII alml _ I"" modlaal_ '"~

'--',kit Mod..... ft)IWhlllo "",tift .ImfIhr

...... 0I11houIand _

01 Ddfnct" dbco.utd InJune_

1 !.:':.:':'~.:~Ian«b<'l'to". '-",",_Ihrl'> IlIht 10 IIklt ""'Y 000110:<.........,.

lbf ........ 1'.xuaoldInarl/, l'llIIllpulotal~"'-nlGoort MdflnI. ~...e-1 '"...... Ihr \O'1t'tlY"""',0; C ... hum

a tal')' danI.1IIU& 10 tllr 1IliIaIry.lobIlw._ ,.".. uodtllr ........ lo..ltIf _ wII""" bt quIoft >lmP1boo:a1xIbtT_ 10 IIIstnocwo1.

\bo)'~ • pllIl6lIYr duI:y 10Warm publlcwtw ......'t__IIODd lis....... _ 1· J Ihr_,...,. -.ofIlls 11.'«: G'"Moc&_ IJ.Thfk·tI'tll' ItG .,

"-lolodlw lI.oocoyldded llImrly ODd......,. -..lrtI1or joum.tIlstL

~ IIlo:MdttOOt,ld<allt·domd.... burtooucrIda plIId lhoIr~ 1In«Iy. S<w,•••,oo lhoy db"".. IJ'lndPt, ..."nb,Od~ rbt!r ............. lion !hal ""J lbt!y mull do to, on<!~~tMpubllaUon 0I1UCtI.~ would hrl"llllltm llt.rnbhn,a_.

It b ... 10~ 50udI AIrio:a .... Ilnlo1'"""1-.""'.In Ihr.-. ot<:llUDO' II.... I 11ft prna... dDet"'nJ' lXIUftIIJ t:hIl..p.a 10 l:ftpllstWnod ltlu.",IXI>'ft

honnI. deeml and IDOlIWtIIbIr.. II b ""'_"10~cauIn thIt QlII pmil ...... bo. _.11rnuld ...... VoouIcIlll'. but Ihr....._--IIo,"u~,~~ OO! to my on Wpmmbft 01 .... .- Il'>ocItn that lJwr wWrtSpfCllhoP rl&h" of joumoIbb. an. """"k><llt II UIl' ".,..I/ld pPalCallepllll'Ob W'ICJumol.bts<XlUld bo Ull"llin theI. JObolr<jlOrtlrt3 u,., lNlh.

Tlltl, illIln lOOll CllIlki~l bo OJUlllnall"Chart•• J oil"" InlMm Coollitunon.• Ibl 01011' fundlmtm.l rI8l'ts, Of whl. I. lotMlyknown. OUt IIlIl 01 R.l&h~ CIou.. 15 I> thoIrftJom 01 IOJIpm,Wn JIf'O"bIon:

"(II [\'Of)' ptfkn ","II hlw Ihr I13hI b>"-iom oI.\jlttdIlnd~ _shIIIlndudf: /Ttl:dtJn> nllhrpm>_ othorll>ft!lI. IIld llw f"-"'Ilom oIl1llitkatlllM!y---"Cll AlII1lft,111f1~ ~ ..unlblhr<'Ol\UOl 01 tIw JUtI:.shoIJ bo~ In a__ wtIidI ftUUm Impanllllty and Ihr~oIldhc..ltf 0IgptnltJn."

II ...~ tNt .... Cor>sdnrdon Is thtII>td-'>ttt wtlld> I<'CIJIds~ ri&hband "'"" JI'll'K'> _ riplU hum >UR ......

~ '-lIlI)'bt\lt-.l .......~

"""'.......Tho'~ Court ISI>IllIl' tum<Ialon ..~...,.1llot8'd>'lOlodon .. tltre •'riolIlloa 01.., fundImomIl ....thUud,"" In CItIpIer J. but doD _ ho>or

W....,..... '" olItdIft III MI '" I"IrImrtntIInCIJIUlllWonI On/)' .... ConstlMIonoICo.rn .,..,.do Ih&

Tho' medii mIJ' thu> .....douw 15 to Ir:sllIW)tlwthty~~1t>jlIO'"blon.L uW) joumalbb ""'" &Jlm foulolin lhe .... Ind wtlld> ml&In be _

""'"'"• the Ddfnct, MI• ..nld1.. In-.118(11, /orbkIs UlIIIllhoriwd publlcltlon Of

~ 01 Iny lrUormItion rtLol1"lllalhe wmpoolUon, m<WmI<'nlO .. dlspolIlJorn

of t:tw DlIlIllo<y; 011 .",. _WiK. .........,..__ ,,*,t' tl~ dINaty .. ltodftaly 10-....,. ouch InIarmotIon; and 01 .."._mmt. cammem .. """"'"" MotIrIIIiJ tholIIiIIufy and Iu _ wtIkb Is akuIIIed10 prtjtIIlIDt .. --.,.. the .-mmmt Inlis IoocI«n tdMIom Of to~ ..~mtmIIrt) 01 ttw pullIl<:

• the _ ttqr 1'00>" N!t, .mIdt, In_10(2H4 ....low'ltlw~futnlsh!nI oIlIIy Infonnollon Ibout wruIlIymtIISUf(l .. lIlydt'slpJattdnottonai ktypotnt, <It any lncldon. Ihil ocou> .Ia~poln.;and

• ,~,P,•••••,..... oIlnft>rnt.1Uon Act. wllich.In l«tIon J. fotbIds the ptqllroUon,wntplll.... oou.lnl"l! or m;:elvlng olonyInfonn.tIon rdldn! to Imllrnntts, 1Mdmna oIlho IltpublIc. Illy military mona.. ltlystClll1ty mil1ft' ....UIIn SOUth Afrta.

In ltfm. oIlhl.Iql>llUon. lor .....mpIt, atounlllbt may _ """" rop:lII, ...uhQulolI'kIaI W>(tIgrt, on I _ ~ 01

UOCIpl~NwI.. f*l<ldy rlI:lt InMo<I<ItttIft I'rbon. Of • .-.-'don,mmlltlltirtC to nutbI ......RWJl..

~. ouch Icp:II1> -.old .. deady bo In1M public~ Ind Ihr ttSbldlolb 00louch 'qAAdnI- """",,"of .....lIUit hum~~

IFA,'\D wtlen t:tw 1fPIndtddato Iatp:lw swa 01 w , ond tdauI_Ialob OIl .... -.tIa. ouch dema

........ad..bo open lOCiJRKlIUlillnlll

~CmoonhIp-- sImpiI"IiJ IIII~.bdtft..1n .1lIs _ 1Itt....P*fU\llIor I ckdIIon .._b01 ptIIIItnpon by .... CaulltwoRII Coun..~. 6.. kmoltllpi...... QmIOII bo

untnmmelltJ. In F..odlims"'"~ h IN&wCamdlwlbr. AlJw CIdta/lI It iIIncu

thIt fICIIu 01 ""'" ""..,,.;n ..w ""'" 10 bowd&htd opInsI monyw.. dIlm, Irtch><I"lllhoP dV>11O «flIIlIly, clI(nlty. potvxy, paIltlalampolplns. hw IrIIl, <Wi ....flk IOCllvl1y IrldI'ml'tlly.

Bul nwty Soolh AlTkon\ ha~. pWtIJfI,

DIMOOAO 'M ACTIOM· 1)

btcome~ to ~n oboeoquious.~, l<l 'h.ot wtueh IS deem«! to It<:beyond the poll>l;c p<l'. Th<-y no 1on8"t have'0 be. Thelimlt> a( free >pe<rlt oughtto It<:quickly and vlgon>u1ly tested

The~y a1.....-d """""" 205 01 t""Crtmlnal i'too'du,," Act, which ""'po.......ludges 01 maglma'" to "-'bpoena ~ pmonwho w1,ne:lSt'd a'u,~ ctiIM to glvet:VI<\eoc<>, might abo be '''''ed In tmn, 01tit< CorI>lllUtioo. Itl> worth notltts h_lha, ....,100 205 al'J'l"" nor only 10 """.""II"'; any Individual may bf a1lodas awlm....

Howe>",r, s«tioo 205 w;to; ...~ In<"'insent by. two-ltJ<!&r dedolon of thew,,,,,.tmnnd Supreme Coun 1hl> yeot In

Solltll Africans I/llve become

aausromed to 1111 obsequious

approaell 10 t"at widell Is

deemed to be beyolld tile

Pllbllcgou. nley I/O lot/ger

IUlI'e to be. 71le limits o((ree

speech ollgllt to be qllickly

and vigorously !estell.

the CUl' 01 &tid journali,t AndrieoCortt~I'-':t He Wi> Initially JUbpoenaedI1II<lM sectlott 20510 8l'" funher Inlomt>llonaft'" reporting thai me Youth tngue _,,".r MokoIba IUd ch.nted 'KIlj tll<' boer, killthe f.rmed· .t • galh<ting. The SupmrteOJun m1<'w d.,,'hIOl1 """""led the~tatc',Coon oothl: basi> th.t theinterest> 01 the n.t. 'hould be bolat1CC'd"l¢nIt th<l$e <lI • free pI't'S> wh.n ....1oo 205I> appli«!. Corneli""" w;u therel"on' "'"required to am.."r tl>c $UI;tpOo:n"

AI. mult 01 this judgm<"rtt, perhapo, pol...wanting Inltlnnallon from tit< Johartne<bu'l!offlcn of. tomgn telrvI;oo networ~U«t1t1yre>oned to usllllf' ,Imple .... rdt wan""t.lPd,OII thl' h;nls, ,,,",,,,,fully acqulftd lhemat"",,1 tht'y J<>Ught.

A FNedom oflnfomtadon Act would It<:another tool for ,0'''''''lisl'1rY1ng to report on"'"' whleh Ish~by the'a.te. Surh. lawwould grant ""'trIali>b and "'h"" the ri&ht of~ to mal......1h<1d by the <ta", and wouldfor~ I"" "a.. to ma~e ooch mal...-taJ....u.blC'.

A plUp.t tit< UnN=lty of the W1nva......",nd Law Sd>uoI. uoo.o- the dil'K"l>l;Kt ofProfe>sor ftlt-rt .... Mumnll<, b dnftlrtg SUCh

Itt Act .nd Int"",,, to "'bmlt ,he first dtaftto a coof...",.... 01 judg'" by th<> md01 July.

The draft I' bo"'" pnmartly on >lmU.. Arbin t"" tlnlted Stat.., Canoda, Au"tlOll. 000NL...· z.aLond. wh..., ,hey a.. ..ut>IW>ed.ndha..., led to a oolid body of tutlspru<lcnce.T1U' Irttrnm Constitution doc' coo'.1n anaa:es of Inrornu.tion douse In Chapter 3.do~", 23:

·f....,.. prnon "",U ""'-e lh. rlght of OC<:es,to all Information held by the ...... or an)' <JII" orgltt, at any 11-.", (tI8<"'fft1~tln lO I.tas ooch IttfOlmaliOn " requiIt.'tl for theox.,..,..,. or proIt'<'tIort of any of his or herrf3hts. •

But tit< <k'fIdmcy In thl! cl.1use i' olwious'lhet\' b no rf3Itt to InrormaUort whidt I' .tlt'ertted ~ppticabk-to "",,', own rtgltts. I'would,~ "'" be ca'y for Jf"f'OI\S: toIU"ily gatni"i Infomuuoo _ obv\l)Usly...4to<l to their <lWt1 rights.

M"""""'" the.. is no~""".""" tI\lt' U'"~merttwiU ...t'pl. F..-.domoflnfom..riOl1 A.cI. Fo>- 'he ..~ reason thl!gowm",",," are kto'h to yield <C<."fflS, th"yItt' wary of .n'rertdJing Io,,~ which ron...them to tlo ....

Yet anorhe> tooltltal might It<:., harn.!to """naU.... although Itt unco=naln 00<,coold simply be a """" open .pproach bythose Involved In the admlnimatiott 01IUIDee to the media', oollg..lo", 000 dulle,In a ltft SO<"ie'ly.

Tho c:om.,li..... ludgmm, might haverelk-cted, In pan. ,he cou,ts' ..........,."" llI'Mnew~ In SoI.nh Africa. Tlt'loogment" ... Int.restlrtg not only for I" bmdlts '0the poess, t:..t, bKau... many "",mollm hadpn."o'IOu>Iy Mtt wary o/t"" cootto, pan.....Iorly tlMo AWII.1'" Division, In thel, adlud~cation of media m.tlen.

TI..... a", iaw Iltnts whldt. ott behall ofthdt m<:dJa cllertts, ale CUI'I>klerlttg t.oIcirtgiIOITl': of the I.........Ised hett to theeon"itutional Coon. GIYm t'" monu""",U1load tha' ,he roun will be lactng. me... .."",have to he thooen cardully.~ 01 tit<""'-It"" whtch mJ&ht ha..., an ... Iy ""~<lng

COOcent'l cmsonhlp and pornography;..OO/he< rotICfttU joumaU"s'l1ihl of ........ to...... tloc\ln,."'''

The malJo mUSl Ita,.., no doubt that 'h",furu", a, conduits of ,....... nd stotiel of e>-e<ykind I> poI<mlally btl",r lh.n """.Journall,t>must T"oQW 10\ 'he limits oIth<lr r13h~ and""",,Iyobsm-'" the dcd'ion> of the <OIIrts and,h. tea<:ttorts ofS"'.....mmt. •

M~kol", Frln! ""'/lJiwJnr=bu'1 bu"",u <h~ofu"rrrJ Pms 1"'"",,rkm,,1 ",Id It ""'" a

""ldidal. a"<>mey,

HEALTH

I~~'" """m, '"'""'~"saY' lite wltl .. Dusl"""",an>lpplng win<' In an ""I"'n·,Ive j<>hanll..burg...t.w.nt. '1>n't It gDlrtg

to n.lp ...1.... th. problem, of"",rpopu~ion."d unempk>ymertt In thl:< <OII",ry1'"

In ano/h.. ",burt>, bIac~ gal" .Iterltll"lllltAi, • they saY. ·.nd ".., d<xt't ........whtt~ "",",.'

BI..~ South Afri'.", ha,,, alway> ..condoms a>' m"hod of lamllf plarutIrtgta\'OUJ'ed by '''!\It.... ReIiloI' _ 01...Ie...."d~r Aids ActIOn saY" 'Now thatoondnrn, are aw:dated ,,1lh Aids pnwn·

tlon, bLod< people "'."'" 'ha' Aids ha' b<>tnIn tlte wltlt. coo,n,unlty for ~ long Itme,Sort.. ""en beT....... t~t the muon ,n.lmtn().tlOllty A.cI (whlc:h OUlI.wo<l "'" oc""" theoolout 1Itw) was~ In tn. lat. 1980:1..... to spn>ad AId> '0 tho: bia<~ I"'J'Ulatloo.·

Thne .ttltudes m.y be d.>.sIc uamplesofAIds denial _nd ttl tllat "'I'"'" they difter j'lI1e

'rom """'" held el......'r..re aoos, the workLBIt, an.. n...~of.al"nhdd ~hing

In South Afr\aI t. YIewed th"",gh t"" prism0/ """ and tt1It1y po:<>ple act "" thebI""'iuo.ll= with little thought.

Wht.. r1gltt.wingns haw used Akh.,.w"pon oplrt$! their traditional ffiffity.bLoc~ guenilLu, .t "'.. point~lngleail<'ts from • pia"" wamlng of Ihe dongenof. AIds from ""umlng fight....

TIte got'<11lment', ""P""'" to the fI'" GO..of Aids In a mlgr_nt mln",'rom M.l.twl w..l<lonnoon<,'t' the '"P"trl.tIo<t of , CO)

In'.aed mlner>.nd t"" compulsory tostJ"3

/Qr: IUV of all tJfl"P"<'tl''' block Immigrants.11>tChamoo of Min.. testM JO 000 black...non foo HII' without ItIro ron"'nt,.nd'"" a vl<Jo>o iUId leafltt c.mpaign !wood 00 fear",a<let~nt. While mltlCfS~001 teted,and Iht' block work·Jo= dIsm'-<l m.,fdIlatIoo campaign :os~

,u'!K:>u8h omploye1 and IalKlur unlOmba'" now llira....... oula 1110'" entlghl...,MpoDcy iUId progr"Ont~ 'og<.1.bet. ffill&h lenmon' and St11U,IIO'Y.'" far from unlvn>al."QrM: o!d.agt lion.. 1/1 fohannesllurg "",,","Iy,",ltd &11 IlSJO bl..chl..ffwt none of the.ml..,., " soysSorot., who$< <:>rganJ>,ttionIntm'We<' g<J'IflItJIl<'nl" Nlty tlfomIO~Alih. UWtg .n od,,,nl.I"B'get><')'with no npnlm<'c: In h••llh man.... tht',,"II! pro<Iu«d ed",atlon material oltl>wIn8block> ...."dlng arou"d. he<h 8"''''. SiTlC<'the I\nt South Ahkan Akh CO"" W<'fl"ltIOtIl!t<hI.. "'"", I>Iad<> """" both bafflt<l .ndtJlkn<lM by Ihe campaig", which O<'N<'IltolWpon thell ""pIdon of .n}1hlng IrtltIoledby 'M ll""ftI1Il'<nl.

'l'he bLock ~tioo waslunhn .I\m.iled......... theS""""m.." -et up on AI<h Atl\.l;OryGmupron<!stin,g ....du<ivelyol whi•• male<lmm the ......1d of l'D<'<Ildn... Until very """"'1_ly, ltOIt"'8""""/1mentll organI<a.i6." we..1ductan'1O I.\;<, funlb from 'M tlO""'mn,mlblatof beI"B""'" .. roIlaboroton with 'noullQlty bocl<l"ll all m:dlbltlty. In 1990. mostotlhe R350 OCO .Ikw;.o.ed in Ihe nattonalbeaJth budget 10 assist community Aid< elf<>m_ nl"I'<'t awlled 101.

"Tho: unJ't'l"1"t11tatl'" Akb Atlvbory Group

...asdlobot>de<l in '9119 and ,he~n","ids programme l\;o. bemon<' _ "'PhI,lI.catM, Rullt w" not untilial. 1992 lhat.truly I1.ltionlll fotwn _ b<In&I"ll together 1Mg<'Wen,mml.nd "l<lo .....Iv\it. from ....... tlw:polillt...nd 'adol '[l<Cltunl - w.uolablbhed.EVl''' i1Jj~ M.1com Steinberg. head oHhe Aid<Urtl,a, South Mnco'. Medkal ~archO:>undt SOY' of the N.llonal Aids Conwm\c)n01 South Atr\cl (Na.cmI) tho, "when It romn10 <bng .h. actI work"" ,he ground. Idon'. thlnk th •• I Iol tuppml"ll."

Wllh some tJtcdJent oot, excepliofls,II1"WOOIO Aid< orpnl..1Ion> workingwithin otlil-segr-eg;l,ed communities, and lad<of mpea for ~uthorlty iUId 'rus' belW<'ftt dUoferem ,0«gtOUfJS remain ledou' ronotraln~.

Itad"" to "ilt "'-"Y tttudl.pparen'ln thedistribution of _reo.nd pattern. 01opendin,g, S1dnbtfg O:OfS. Though tIIOil Sou,hAlrtcaJ" U... In the former ~ods,lh.govmun<1l' ha• ..,.." less money {)It AIdoOIganlsol1Ol1' m I~'" ......, t1JMl.nyw~....el... AlllJooW. h."t~ ladlltl.. an' "'PJlO"'dIY~ga'ed, f.... bIarl.o can afford ItT I.......for t.....ttnent to di".nt whll. rro.pltIli.

How qulcldy are lhlng:o likely '0 changermdi-'r • d.">OCtlltlcaUy .-koct<'d S""""lII<I1'?

"My fet-1Ing I. one of hedged optimism:oays Stclnberg. • HopduIly N.".,. wUI JtLl.tu..

Into. lallly .,..ntve poIlcy·formula'lnslnill.,I...., .nd wilt 1""'"'" """""h.ing ,he n....8""""""""" can ""80'-8" with. Rul whethet,he nt'W go.....rm".'>t mokts AIds a ..."""priority _ of thol I'm less hopefu~ g:i""n &1Ith.~i"ll probI<1ns ,hey11 I......" •

Thil ~nk" tim "f'IJJ'<HtJ In WOIldA1DS,p<JbIi'lt<d !'l' P,"W In U1nJon.

Sinisterstatistics

.. In 1985, when South Afrtean bIoodlt"","fu$IOn ~.t1lt<'d oct<'<'t1lng 101 tnv.abou' one In <'Wtf 4 ZOOblacb .... found'0 be tHV pooItlw. Todoy. {)It. In 791>locl:mm.nd <KIt In 60 black womm ... WI'1"""1,"" compared with """ In 2000 whlremen anti""" In 45 00) whit<' WOitIt't:l•

.. Ten J""UItt of all pt'Opl< In KwaZulllJ Natal.re lnfn:t«l wI'h ,I>< Akb IOIllS.

.. Am""i blod< worn... anen<.lin« an......ta1ctlnir:O. the lUI' inf<'ctlon nt. Inct<'aoed byolmo<t 400 JT"I'C'!It' to>tw<'<'n 1990anrI 199Z_ from 0,89 '0 3,22 JlftCt11l

.. The r:cmj»llble ligures fur whl'. """"""....., on lncreue from 0.06 to 0,98 percm.t,.nd for roI<>.Ued women 0, t610 0,33_c

.. Acr:onllng to. rean, Depanm.m of Heallh"''''''Y, one In ZlJ prqplO/1l """""'" In SouthAfrtea "HIV-posItlve.

.. t'Ianned r"""lfrrlo<I AModallorl of SouthAfriOI .........,h 1ndIca1.. thot SOUth Atr\cl',HIV Ittf<'ctlon ••1. doubln~ 12 '0 13

-"".. The number of HJV·lnfKu!rl ptioon<'rs In""'...tlon haoquadtupled ""'" tM end ofDo'cenbtr 1991 from 94 '0 419 otthe trtdof Dettlntwr 1993. ApproxJmOl.ly one 00'of <'Wtf:US prbonm to HIV-Infe<:tN.

I'\JUn'>' ""'" worIdAlDS ,:md~ Cope: 11""",

Aids myths inlilack and white

Years of racism are hindering the fight against HIV.

SUE ARMSTRONG reports,

O!"'OCl~O IN ACltON· 15

JUSTICE

The case forpeople's courts

Unpopular justic

,__......u- __ Nt'" • MlaI,-____ _ t ~ _ ....,.. 1 _ -'t... ...., .._eo! .....

---

AASftQAl.-'<1I~~

1Mnntod~IUDoAIn"'JIIII''--_ ~_lbofoatwOipt 1 Aup&st, I _

IUfIlri:'ood "" boos and~bum tbt ........... _otthe 1,76SowftUprbiIl&. '>'\"1~ I 1IboD/........., <11OJ........... '"'" lO~rl_<->o.my IM'W~ the IlUlllIy. °1 "'I'flOI'"'"people ... skI<""", .n<l <If Y\olml od>oolctIlJo1

on 'hr ~pIIt.'w 1!'pIlcd.1bc Imwrl "'fJ'rl'od me buI bcIon: ,~""""

...... 00,1 h:Id ototll my ft" of~ u>d lVIfnIlrC' <If ..ho>oktIlllWn bumll\3 ""book,chlnll"ll '~I'h 10 ,~ ••menl· 11K! torehJna""". whorl. on z.s AUIW'. f"ulbrl&hl .cllol,.. A.olI"hl "''11d~ from h.. 0" In Gugulnu"""mhlp and II0n0.d to MIlh IJy a'WY yoothl,began 10 Inl«naU.. lilf _'Ion.oll>l medi.abtlllt'~' 'lost B",....!lon·d.AfrIuJIyouth: dnl"""I\1". dcla"l"do don>ortbtd.

BIcItl". litI'h ..... I tdt>d or jOwnaIkllc...rm/l<d and South Mrbn polltlcal ...........

III <tIlpfl. bfIIn to ""'"Y 1M """''''''' yuuIh_lI;ItaIIy auI d. COI1trol.. Al the..-.on.ol_ twtd II.. nul oarat 1MU-,.d. tilWa«mCoptfUWQ.lmtlnbl__

Kmolw....-fullrolAmy'".tlalh al 1Mhind< 01 rht")Qll"C '1""-'" CJaHd..., ..._ by thrlpOlthrtd lI>Id>IDt: 'Now they ...

IIuolln Iht _ and...,<->o 1M.."-1lwy..., rain& ...""eatIo1l..m <Jlha.'

Of the W'OaI1"""h>.......,.~fof ~1ONnf:In lhr aIthI_.-...... onlriallft theOiptT......SUpRICooolt.c~ MInqInI MllthoN'~No F ... ~'-...;suand_ 1S.r-dd l"'l"dL llIll!llI dw..""1001 the IrilIIo _.... .= ...... ""-"1 IOdtoccIltln"""ll*dNII Amy"._ ......the JUIlftll PAC...,."..._ pried _the....,... pIlay of..DlIUItrO;Im Im&h<d and <l>toMd.joIIla G.onld fl'icdmln.~ ""~<IUtbunl.._tbt........-.

'Wllydlclthr boJl"...,.1" I _.allied~.... I _lmP"""C'd by whM lOG ItIl out ol" Iht IO'pOl'1SO lhr ..octIoI, 01Nc*mrIIwho..nlpprd~1D~1/w_""'ln'hcpllory.-wh;lr'wmf"Ill ornhyou.... hr~ IndllplL °Why"""" yuu oil S"0Ul<lf

""'""Whydld 'he)'l,lUlh lIu«h1" 1.1ked ddm..... lIwyn N<Jn.o Com."'The lo",hl" w;u nol attc'plobk 10 me. nor 10 all)'Of1l' -. 1lul ~ dil

nvt.......,k _.1 hvo In • tuwruhlp and t know the e>;'en' 10 _hoJ'r'l1bftd~~ human~ TheI' ""'" peopIc hI"" bo'm

Is South Africa faced with a "lost generation- of

MEAN S'n.l£fS; A".-.. n.-.et dllId••1<1•• rubbloh binfOf' lood _ .ymbol of• •..... _ ...d .."·Of' Ilg" of • ullou.c..h..... '

SCHEPER-HUGHES unpacks the media nereotypes

rule" and to """npro<> Cf"'rt>-.Among the~ttd fomu of punW"...llIpr:t<ll wl,hln 1M

roo".., oIl"'fl\ll.ullUtlce and "peopI<'S eou"'", 1M d~b.he mOltrno".",i<Jw.. Mobilhl"ll mIJoo<I"'~ ponlc and hoJror 01 Ih< "rItrlJaoIo" ......• k"Y .UOl"t!Y ....... q"lt~ df"'h~ In 1M N.t\on.Ill'all)' caml"lgn08.1"" th< ...."C in 'he W"''''''' cap"_

11""""",,' ,-.. of all bum ra... adrnlll<ld 10 tho sall RlWl .st.lIeMotluat)' 01 Cop" Town ho:twetn I Jan....ry 1991 and.l' I>r<:<m..... 1992.........Ird ,luI only lS 01 3M bum·m.o,td "".th•••,Of,. HfCICIoltd wlthhoollcldt 0< Inatk1ou> Im~m. MOl......,t. In .11001 !Iv< oilhe><', lhebndl<> ....... burned .ft.. t!"-"l' had been ltillt.'d by _ng or ...bb1ng.Thfono _, then, roly ftvt' c"",.. of aocf.....l "nt<l:Jadllg- In U,. ""nn.1ttg\OO oIlhE WH...... Cap".t • time when new> StorIeS 01 ne<:kbdnll"cirrulalM Ill<' I"'mk1ou> 'UI""'" of .n opklmtlc of llurnIn8'.

TIlt caw .1tKly! ..111 bt\ofIy docummt Il<)W roocem,. "'npl<'necUlldng" that ...........t<d.. largely IhrouJlh th<Int~ ofpoIlIk.1>l'<l youth, both AN<:- and PAc.JIgntd. I ..111.~ ,hal unduemit."" (talher lhan '"",oel<:<.~") " more charact"""ic or llIooeSouth Afrlran. who ha~~ pograpbically ~nd IClClally ududed IIIIlomdand., IOWtuhll" .nd 8f'X~lIt>q...." ... compo,

I"he noIlf>n.' of"mob :uI~" and ""ngam<> mun- Ole unfonW'lO'e andunfall d<o<t:IiJlloo" of tilt dlIIIcuJll'"S""atlonl 01 <rim<:.nd puntfb"",n.In ,h~ aI>oen<~ of a \cxitlma,c ".te and thorclo<'l' of fal, and"'(lfelI'nr.on,'elOmUol Ul"'tI1t1om of pollclng and crinnnal ",,,b.

n.. Illclo<lmt orl 2~ January 1994 Inv"""-'d lhe ltI<Il 01 R-IOO from I..,..,."", ownct by lhttt t=oagt.'d boy> otcr.rl> lfanl >q,.,t...- comp.IoIIowed by' roIIe<th't' demand lor ,hr!u punl>ltrnn1,: inl'laIly, tttc:!tdtalh hy t>CCI<lac:lng. TIll, w.. natl'<JW!)" """"0<1 'hlOlJllh theIn'~of polltldstd yo:o>'h, dnI....ng ro ""' ANC IllIJ of Ri.g:hll. Th< dmtond lor

to arrive at a provocatively different view.

township youth, ·young monster5" engaged in

-senseless violence-? Are people's courts barbaric

sites of excess? American anthropologist NANCY

so(J(tm tNt It lIM~ offfCt of rrducIn$ killing to noIhlng. " sl>t

MoUlt~ boy>~ or Jilllln& Amy, t~ hhwryohpotthtld bon tltdt "<fJ' OOdles. Drnndll\lllll< ronl....", r.okm from

.~~~a polk< ""'tor tWllitd thot he had enmlntd thE boy:I .."'Iy .ft.. "'-",onf<!:Won .nd had found Ollly "oW" woundl.. no

oll'Ktllllonu... But each of NokmeIa·. nlf.. "old"~ klI, ...md...or1<MJUhJI"~'lUb wound>, brick ba>lI~'8- tt1.OdI<l~<:hoI'"I -<I!'gtft bulm.nd ,.,... Iron, ullt,...tctllnfe<tlon~.f"".;;,',""""""'·i lI.n -al.., ponkiponlln III< lIIal, Manqln.a

"""'" hi< thumb and NUJtt(I tloznofl.nd on lIuouV<>u!~Iy boIIn3 ~lfIIl'. 800h Manqln.a and I<o'tamo an' >ICk with

Ie ""pII'lItofy inlKttorn, In Ntarn<>', <.a>e lul>emJloM>. N'.IM ....to arnwt'ff\"ttllhE ""'" _ qunl"'''' and wa> so contuoo:<! 'lui

_ n:femd foy<h..trlc ....I,.,lion.Mall Dl bolh l.u1Itn modo:ery .nd~ 1""'"",.,.. lhe roun "" ,he

IfOUpo-A~ poIltt, humJHattd (gI''''' ,I>< ".poIltd ht>tory"_<:oun perf"""",,,,,,, in ,he po<l' dl<trlct "'r&"Oll" ••I,ll'" wll·Ihf.~<ltfffi<'e 'tam. lhe ham-.''''IIIl p'0.~<:'"ion laWJ"'l'

r.:o:•.•>ltmol <A tanJlbl<: rna""'"~. and ""'~ (who;oJ ....Uhe th~darnnM)_~~ach ",11ft wIth mbUu" .nd IoIlhll\ll.

Tho otral<'gy of 'M<lti~= lawyen 11 '0 pul South Mrian IlUtk< onIn t>l"""of""'~ ""I"'ffi. With th~ comlcdlsappnWKft of~ 101 both !Jdes. wi,h tilt bfk>f.nd ,roublll\ll~ Dl'

1llehJ, Amy', pol hlc;dly ronrU>ed and grin'lns moIM, and with~G_kchon.oor l.>ugIIlng PAC youlh "ac;tlnS up" In 'h~g.111cty

on tho: Supmtll' Court "'""" ,hE Amy BlehllJ\.l! 1>. m&maDl,<W!lan<e.nd rdu>oL

It "abwlosqUl' COUIt ....hldl " lh~ n..u"".nd lhe 1I1eg11l"""'l" ofapanh...d South Alt\<;>n "" nd 'M rmpos>lbill.y or I""ico '" of.trial~ ,1Iooe .."", rutlCtUrft, OurI"lI this tr.",IlIon.1 perIOO.

t~~:' to ~oIfIclalproct>.oIlu"lCc'........, to r..v.~ wilhdrawn11l1ldto '" tha, for all~ JlUIl'O'e' tbI' Suprt'''''' Coun has ,h~

01. "brtproO coon-. <lt6ned tly Own...... DIctlonary ... '._ <>pnattd by any ImP"OP"'ly """,Ilt uted body; • tribunal b<'fotr_blob .1.1, ,ltall. bnp.:.Wl>le;. rornlco< bu.loq"" roun"

, No"ll;lltdolth~ PACb<Jyo kaugh«!.I 1lId~ aboul tM populat alt",""Il",? South AltIcan ochc>Ion'f< both~and I'""irnlotlc >1>0'" ,h~ '''=pU of """">hlp I'""PktO <n'a"!IDOl~ .lteminM,Y"""" of lu'tItt.nd punlshm."l. They ....i""!*'tmum.. lht I"""'.abl~ou"""",01 an IlIcgJrimate .to'" yfl ,t..y...,. 'ho punltM~ to whkh _ inlOrrnalln"llUtIon..", I""r,l...~mtdIarqnstn,atlom of,,,. ""'I ,111<, of flC'OI'l<', rolln.... Ie«I:::;,tobk.~df"'" of til< """S,,,I.., I>mo>" l..ueh thai ,he rnlddlund~~ of th. w"""", cap" __ J'"OPI.... coo,,, and~rodcs...ben.lIo".. and .. lnrvitablytf:ll<!ln« ,<>"'I'Ord th<'lltowyw hoJrllk. Mydi~ of """"lot IU>l1ct (............lth k><tIlOw\ItlBbI.\Ia~and ,,,,,,,,bon 0I1M~ AI'IC oIfla5) 1",~b1yI/IOvnktd \l"'flll, nego.lM ""'-"'ion, and !Roqllfttltti'tl' 1.... I9"mol>

JUSTICE

Knittingnecessary

knots

.,•

When popular justice works well. it is not only

su«essful in solving problems. it also plays a vital

role in knitting together the social fabric of

communities. WILFRIED SCHARF argues the use

for people's courts.

18· DIMOCUCY IN AOION

Is THERE a plae<' for commulllly jU'tlce In .he democratic SouthAlrlea? Two point. need ,mph.,hlng ., the outi., to put lhl!'lue>l1on In 1"""[>«'11",,: lint, papular jU'l11a Camf' about tn bl'dl()wmhlp> bc<:a.... ttw >U1. Ju<tla ')"lOIn dld no! al'" fOf p«>pW,rw:c<I•• Wh..he, "'" Ii..., It Or nIll, popuJaJ 1""1« wlll ,:onllno. \0

em! in its (han)' form; il< long IS !hI> ".,. 'Y'l"'" nmalm In:>cce"lllloand un.u"',.friendJy. SKond, lhe.. I. pl'\lb;\bly mo.. p::>pular ju,,1c<,han stue lu"iC<' !>elng dl.pen...d uch day In ,h. many hund ....uhtlng .1....' commit'..... community courtl, "IU3nM commlt!~

and dlldpllrwy rommJlIftS of l~ c1v1<; IlUDC!>tionl.Wh<n popular lu'lier wo.k. well and regularly, It I. n01 m....I'

.enUIIS dbpIlI~.nd rdc'rrinS pt."OPIe 10 .pproprl,lte Itolplng ~>dco,

11 h conlrlbllllng 10 th. knltHng olllle whole socl.1 J.b,I.III Ihetown'hlp>. So, before Ihe dCd,lon 1, m.de Ih>1 "'-. need 10 pro"11Iem""', lUld impn""ed. Stale I"""'" 10 the lowmhl,.. t>y tr.lnlng ""....1thouund mOre I.wye,". pto~ldlngpublic d.l.nde.s, simpUfylnsproce<lUln, brlnglng In l.y .s...........nd ..,on, It i< worth t.k'oH'clo>e< Iook.t WMI "",Us populorl"'ticc diff...."1 and, In I0Il1<'~

muclt beltcr IMn st". justler.The otrvlou. dIClet.nc~ th.t ",. commonly <Itt<! Ole thOi popuJ.ar

lumce t,lbun.l, arc acce"lble In term. 01 '"I111g. (e~enlng. and_keo<b); location (do<c to peopIe's!>ome's); cost to both panlcll"'nlS.nd the stat. (the 1''''1'1. ,,'ho ",rve on t.lb"n.l> ..e >'oluntee"l;;m«<lure (rommon , filthcr than formal); ,..I"", .ndW1~ ItIs .Iso a.sut<! thai III 01. Cat C.wer del.Y' In p.r><;e"ing .a..., Inpopular nnxtlt..,. "'" In lhe Small Clolm, Court, lI...... ls no provblonfor legal repmcntollon.

The lunda_ntol startlng'pol'" of popular 1",lIce IS th.1 II attetnpotsto :IOive pro/Mm, of people in tile k>callty, No problem Is 100 small 10<le.1I wlth, and _ryon< is Uketl seriously. Thelln<ler!>1ng thought islh.at II ,mall probkoms .....11owed to go Ilnat1<11de<l, they"",y ~kJp11110 blUet. men dllllnlit problems. Impllclils 1m Idu INn plobImubetwft-n lndh-idllal. beoome (lfQb1cm. of Ihe community.

Th.", is no distinctIon In populalllUtkc bct~ dv\l ond alntInaJm.tte ..; they.1l con"ltut. probkm•. Nor"", pri....t.l.w.nd publiclaw diStinguished. with diff.rent}"""I, of proof 'equlrtd o. dllfcTrntrul .. of p"","du... Th. problem.soJvlng p"""'" k>cu.... I... on theactual event (fot example, an ....wI) 1"'" on Ihe ongoing rclatlans/tlpbclween the <fuputants. 1l>ey.re likely to "''''' to live with """h otI~.

OJ no" 10 ••ch olher. Co. some tim. 10 .ome. '0 the ••u.. of IhedetcrIorItlon of 1m ",lallonohlp tUco p~nce""'" the obls eventwhich m'-ilhl be only the t"",pmaJ 'JUIw.rd IIWllfe"'.Uo11 0/ • dce-pe<prQblem. Conseq.,.ntly tm OUu'ume< are .eldorn wlnn••-t.k.....U. asIn stat. c.lmln.1 ju'''••. Bo,1I .1d., 10. dlsp"le ",u.lly ha"" toromprooti,..,

When .om nlunl tI., are ..en o,gonl.ed. Ihe memb." 01 th ••ommunlty IU"I•• munu,.s ore el""led by lb...,idenU In th.I,lutlodl.lIon.l ..... The,e l'lhe .ssumption Illotth.y a,. "......ted1'.01'1••nd have de~.lop.d ,orne wlsdo,n .nd npcrthe. Nop",f...lonaJ .~p"n, ... required. Th." Is u,uotly quito ron,ldefilhlepartldl"'tIOl, lronl Ih. audience In populat Ulbunols. .., that the val_th.at lrnm ll1e ba.l, 01 the !OJutlon arc the lou"y prevolent one>. It ISoon,ltlerc<l ...eptablelo be judged by on."l"'e... Popular lustk.,!rue-nu", don't.llempt to ,u,Wn theltell"n, as the "ate IU<lI,e'ystem don, lhat the.. ore s",h thinfl •• ln<lepen<lt-nl adludluton.nle'" Is. ,lear understanding thai the pow<" to luoJse ,..I.., politicalJIOWft. No separallon of pow<'J> .xlst>,

1l>e ",medl.. thaI well.functlonlng popular Iwtke ,lJuOur", am'"at h.~e. Cor htgh•••h.nce ol,u.cess th.n ,lat.·I.w r.medleS.ReIntegrative shaming lies" lhe heart 0/ the popuLat justk'e .pproach.It ,on be combined ..nh resmullon to Ih. compl.lnant .nd "'h"Western law "'O<Ild call dofl1>!C'.

_ AND UPlIITlSl: A <ommllnhr court 1ft GlllIllletllouthd br reopened memben of the ......1<om.....nltr.

nil! fimdamt'/ltal.\fartillg-poi/lt

UfpOplllllr jl/stice is tlmt it

,d femf,ts to w1l'e pro/"ems ofpeople in ti,e 11X"lUy. No problelllIs IQO small to deal witll,,mil cl'er}'Out' is taken $t'riollsly.

--111100 someUme, In"olv", ...rvl« to Ihe .ompl.ln.n' 0' 10 Ih.

local c:omm"nlly, Th. pt'rpelralO' In In 1,..,,11, fo' .xampl., wo"ldhove 10 p.y for medl..1ex!"'n.., .nd loss 01 w.g.'.•nd wo"ld bf,NqWrW to tIl"ke I pu!>lie.pology '0 tl>c: victim In the~ of tMl,tnpft:I~ family Immbf,,, .nd th. po:op/<' p~n, It tM 1>c:ItIrI8. nltnlbunal .......1<1 then pl<>e< ,tit J'C'P"'ra'or ondCf .w,'eillln.~ IIId .,klot ,epurn .boot ongOing behl'ioOT lrom. d.,lgnated penon. Th.JI"1>C'tralu, I' 'h punbhed .nd .....b.Ollle<! In'o Ih. rommunltyIu>det ...",.1111" Th",e I' ••Imull.n"",.. euret .. of 1Od.1 romroland >tll1aI suppon.

All 01 thr:l< dlff.....'.'" lltI.....n popull,"nd'''''jo,II dd up 10 the <ruclll polm ,hllthe...re dlf! m un"""lylng 1Od.1 ron'Ja<"l.lII1 wbkh 'he IWo nollon. of justl"" ... bo""':modern law ">II""" ,hO! the legal suble<"t. lhep....on. II I fr ..·.I.ndl ng beIng. Itom;,.d.tndl"lduIIl.ed. I'«·mod.,n I.w, of whichpopu lit I",.ict contiin. >t,ong ,.,Idut'._ute> the penon. lh.IepI>ubja:t. .. or;etmbedd.d In • muJtlpll<!ly of .e<lp,,,,,.1obllpUon;. The mode,n ron...ptlon ofl'wplaca I g..a' butd<-n on 'h. ,lal.lo conI lIn. oomrol, dhoplln. Indsuppon the leg.1 ,ubl«'. Th. p,c-modem ron...ptlon emhe<h ,holt0lllIg;u1oru In tile c:ommunallOC'lal ~n.o:tures IhOl OIl<' stili flmb In theeMes IllId other lowtuhlp st"""'w<>.

r, thtr< .ny >rnp< lor dllioguc. 0' CVBI ro-op<natloJl. tJo>t..'..n Ih...two dlEf"""'t not;on, of !u,ti.. IIId thth ."""da", "tu<tW'M? II on.Ioob 111M .-I0l'm""" In W"'I"'" mum"", 0"".. tht tlo>l 20 y.... nb Wdtllltt18 to .... how they ha'~ _ 10 Inro'p"r.Il••I<mnlt> of~_.n law hact InlO Ih.I, .y"em" Often ,pu'r«! byll...1••I>eI.......Joadlng 0/ th. roum. """rIIowln8 p'lio", and Ihe POO' .uce...

",t. of <Orl""ntJonaJ IU'1I<"< medtlrWnu. they hi"" Ulnt 10 ",rln"""l"rornrnunIU... only 10 flnd thll onc. d.moyed Ih... rornm"nltle,cannot be .rUIId.alIy I'C"Itvcd.

"'.ny rounltl.. h."" .IJo..'nt 'h. dc~.lopmc'"0' n.18hbou'hoodIu.>tlco! <ffil"" '0 whkh mlnor ca><> referred from ,h. ,tate mun..Th...... Il.ffnt.ltner by p.ald ....,'k .,' ~olunl""who medl•••.mun..l, M' 10 othe' Mlplr18 agcnck>, .nd llW"",ny .\tempe ,o ...n..... probl<m~ In Germ.ny. cr:naln CO"" &r< n:fu><d ....... 10 ,tit ,tol.roun, unl.., the porll .. h.~••".mpted ,e,olutJon by .lte'nltlv.n","", such .. mnI;"tion ood arbttn.tton by non·''''' '"8""dc>.

New Zealand hi> ««IIUy IniUtu~a hybrid of Indlgrnorn tribun.il,.nd t he con~entlon.1"". 'y,,"rn In •• , •• In"olvlng juvenileoffen<k-ri 110m "'aori .nd 1'Idfl< Island ba<qround" A ilmlly.groupoonf....... Ii .n .,.,mtlll Il>.ture of W, 'pproKh 10 problem ",M,'S.except thlt ..pt.....nllll ..... hom Ih. "",1.1 ••"vlrM .nd Ih. klnn.l'-"<>Uri> .ttend the ronletrn« '0<>. The ""I<ntlN f.",lIy of ,It< lu....nll.be'<om.' p'rI 01 "the .ou,t'. n,. new l)'item .1I0w, for wh.t..·.,ri,uollitl<. modU.U.... or Invoca,lon.1 p'lCIlcc.... n..., ..'Y fot Ih.h...1n8 10 Kqum. tit< 8C.v1ty ood focw tha, II dr><rvn.

ttlo d ... lrom mntl. aemun" Ih., Ih...... .."..,.1 ,honc:omlll8'.nd. dattgr'" In ..Iallan 10 popul.. justlec "NetU,"", In Soutlt AIr1...They a", ,,,,In,,,,,bI< to local and broaodcr polItlcal v\rn..ltlldeo; ....al<.,dcalln8 wI,h .."" InV{)I~llI8peopl. who don'l II"" In tit. loc.l It...:

.nd I••t sophl"l.'led In~"118.,lv.obllity. >0 Ih.,. perpen.to.unknown '0 lit< """'1'1.1.....111 mar >imply not be lound. fix I".~

Th.,. ..... AI", f.I,ly un>Idlled II fao;t.flndln8 dwlng~ When 1

ca.. 1tJ"i'" on In/omutton front the "_dan". ,1seI. 10 a ,endencyto extJl<1 thOl Information undo<r d""",- riot wtlit. I'" prlCli« of thtpol"", In """" .....' Scrloui aIme; "'" m...t"" P"!'"-'tlo. it"""'u'" ,end10 hind ....... 10 tht poll« uol."" ., often Itapp"n,. level, oltrult ....too low. 10 Ih"", In>W\ttI tilt popoL1'st~wID <lell with tM .....but ....y t.nd 10 imp"'" u...w"" punishment

Wh"" romm ....Uy coutU Iff! domlnaled by I mililani .....or of Ih.populaUo" they h..... a I~nd.n<y to b«:om. v10lem and >omctlm..m<fttlU'Y In thrl, .pproach.I~, lho Image of popul•• 1">11« ..",nonyrttn'J' with •....kladn8' I,. gross dl,fOttIon of ,tit~IflC". Abu... do O<CIl' bUI they it•• mlnuiCUle "",,.mage of ,her<gular .nd =pomlble justice lho. get> don. """'Y day. In most ca>eiabu>oo are "'" commU,ed by~d.., ,tn><twe>. My ......rct> ............ th.llmllff! IIfICn than /lOt oitu"" .... rommlttcd by impwmpru "ructu=

hUIlly <on".ned 10 lend 1 v."••• 01l<glllmacy 10 multle•. W. ,hould no! ronfllt.P"!'"-'I•• )">tlce ("""",,<fbi<••\«ted ...Ihl! (un<tltm tcgUlolly}.nd populi" I"'U .the ~oll'II•. mlll""I. ,u""nary jU"I~.

dhpmsed by whll are sometlm.. tef.tr<d to .,

ka"8"lOO CIIIlm..The OCcurrence of abu.., doe, not m••n

,hat <\Immunity I"stlce ,h\IU1d be lOTI".... off.The.. a... 10, of thIng> populo, "nu:ru,.. doben., 'han ,ta" ""u<tu,.. <ould. Slmllltfy.populi' Iltu<tu,e, could benefit flom "nn.

Intet3dtOn wllh the ....t. jrntice nIICItlnny.Th..... It.ave In fact been """. telalf....ly .....nl .It.mph In ItIt South

Altfcan >lat••y".m 10 Introduce I." fo.mallse-d, mOl••g.lltl.l.nmudu,,", .nd .pp"lOch". Th~", Ind"d. lnd.u"tlil TrIbunal,. Ih.Sm.1I CI.lms Coorl .nd. ,h. new eo"..tiooal Services dl'pen..t1onIn~olvfng • wide, tange of ....l<n<:fn8 option.. Sllghlly ol"'lde of thef..",.",,,,k 01 the rourl. Ih.m,el~e.lsIhelmportom w",t OllheCold,tone Comm\l.>lon. with. wider brief than 11... lraditiotlol .............foal, on lnnoa.l<. and gulil. SlmJ;",Iy. tM """"""" of ,lit N.tlonalre... Ac'<ord opera.. In ........ of an ..Ito< and """"'" !hit Ii far dosr,

DEI><oc ...n .~ Ac"o~· 19

Unpopular justice on trial

JUSTICE

than OW mull ,y""'" tn the tlOllofu at IU'>IkJrh~ 00' In popuw Itructu,.,..

My remntmOndatlon k> that one >houJd aimlor a ,yst.m thot allow, lot th. be" .km...m01 both popul.. and "at. 'y,'.m, 10 b.•u"ai".d and n Ultul.d, At 1><" the '1010,hould "8ula,e tath.r than InCOlPOtU."rurt""'l of populot lu'tl<"<', Wh"",,·.t th.,..a,. populorlu'hte muctu,.. 'hey .hould betncou,a8.<.1 to ."\~e loword, the "be"ptaCt1<'ts' "",natlo.

Th.te ore lultlc;ent ,kl II> and r••ourcUwI,hln non'8ovtrnmental o,S"ni~tionsAltdthe un...",,"y...:rot to lociJita"'. ""1f......... I""'·tlon by populor ."",<I",re> - something ,hath.. be.n don. In .ome town'hlp' In lht

• from page 17

,ttd<la<:I"lI .........b>titu,l"d foe IW,ll'<)jceswllh a ~mbok. negoti.tl"d down '0 50 huh..Io••adt of the boys. The floggrng> were lall!on "roIk:ctively" by >ever.1 (\e>igna't<! okIeTmen atth.communlty,

Subsequen'ly kc'1'! In 1!oOI.tIon .nd <lnt~

food and wat..,. a" """tl"....tiun of the"dbdplln.· ImPl"td by \he community. thehoys were not a pretty 1ij;/rt. Th'-'Y mukl not

'bend lheu Itgs, ,h <lawn. or ....lk wlthoo,wIno.ng and they ....." th_ r1o)" Iat.. >tll1W1a1>'" to urirut. or del"""t~.1lle mJ.1.Ilnt,Mld>~ 8, J<"OW~ with pain and with....'ttl8\'. '1'11 kill them." ht l<tt~ repe.tlng athh lonnent"",

1lle ",.>mtt\Unlt)· di<J not W'nt .nyonefllldudltl8 mol to ... the boy> (leaf of poI~Invo",""",nt was .wesome) .nd "" they h:odrefuled the boys medical 'lIi'11'loo. The ho:Jys'poretl".nd other ",..,~..... nawl""" in<ish!. feorfulth.t 'heir oJIad<l. might be!>wnl'd ....." they to <how any l"\>l><:m1. c.",or sympatl,y lOWortis !Mit chJldl'en.

On 61'-ebruaty. conununlty tn<'O:I1"ll washeld 10 dhcu.. th. 'l""'tlon of !Ultk'e and"""",Ity" at Oub H.n.l. TIle """",'Ity guarrJqUIt the night befofT.oo ,here had bentdho.der In ,he c.mp. The pe<:>ple _re ..I.lodfor their "I"'nion>: >houId the !leruri'y guardbe recon<tltuted ot shooJd the reguJ.. pollabe Invltl"d to patrol .nd 'dlodpll""" thecommunity]

On/' II)' one: l"'Oflle st.-ppe- Everyooe wantl"d the 10<11>«Wlty system. but ,hey wanted the rul.. andre8,,11I1oo. to he de..... Wh"" I Won invl,ed

20. D.",nro.n 'N ACTION

We".rn Cape. al Na ncy $chept •. ltughupolna out tn h.. "'Icle In lhl. In"e 01DtmoarUy in Ar.I",r. Wh... th.r.l.tn.uffl·<:Iem capac;,y to .upport the.., "roc"u,.,. il,hould be Cle.,ed, but ou"lde 01 the JUlllc.Mlnlmy. I have link fal1h that forma1lu"kethinking wllhln ".t.muClu......n bend It,"'t way, to nunu,.. or8.nlc rorm, of jU>ltce.Th. urge to connol popular .truclu••••ndp~may """I, In mangul.o'ion.

Slmult.n.ously. ,he police Ihould h.."i,tl"d to <le>..lop a bert... unde-T".ndln8 ofpopul.r ..ruetu"" and thei, usefuln... to thewld.r pollclng .floTt. ropul.. JUJllc."ructU1t'S ... in effec, • sophbtka.tl"d ""..Ionof wh., In mlddl.·cl.., ..n .... call.d

'oll""k I ..id I knew ,h., many people in '1Je...mp w;1tlted to talk about .lternatives toWh11'l""l!' and bumln!l'" Some of the young~ and nu.ny of the """""" I had spoxento thought 11 might he heller '0 h"" ,hethleves Wtl,k hard lot the communIty: dJsglngdltches, cleaning up garbage, """"#. w.ter.

Th. ItItO'tlng <!o'd<Itd to lorm • rommltt..~.."..ntali""of all groops In tilt> camp _ old.nd yotrng. n,en and wornen, 'pori' group<,polilkal partie>, ....-urity members them"'""

Undue restraint rather tllan "smse"less violence" is molt' characteristico(rllosl' Soiuh AfricallS wlU} haveIJeetI geographically and sociallyexcluded ill homelands, 100w15hipsIlIIdgrotesqlll' s</ualttT cumps.

- to dnw up .ltenlOU"" prop<.l<OIs for popuLuIUltke. Seve,aI ttltt'tlng' followed In whk:hthe ",bl«1 01 ...If-pollctng "'... ca!t'lully"'"""amlned. In the tnterlm 1I><le "'uukl be no"",",whipping>.~ community leAder> ..kod lot help lrom

t!u' Community Peace """",lation .t UWCor.<! tWO "'P........tative$, I:),u,kl Nino andMI>IJI Mnca<lI••tten<ltd • sub«lq,,,,ntmtl'tlng to help ,he community draft Ie>;

puntr".. rommunlty ruk>:s .od guJdclJr...,!lu' MIchael ~ roukl not got 0..... hI..ngot

and desIre for 'evens<'. H. WOl1dvl>al tolea"" the ""l,utt.r camp.nd 8fven help In

ndghbou,hood ....'ch••. Th. ,.I.tlon.hlpbet....., pollee on(! weh "rnau,,", ihookl titn.gotlaled.t police ".Ilon le~.I. as I.aboul'0 happen in >Om' ar.... With thi, form orloolt ,-"ont.i ornent .nd 'uppOtt, populI!11'S11"" Itructureo ""'I' play a 'ohlablo roIt•

Th.'t i, thus. In my ~I.w, a plac. /01community In'Uc. Which, IIk~ Otll ",,1IIIc.1t,.mitlon, Ita, to be carefully ""8otlo'l"d >ndnurtured. W. a •• well on ,he woy Intu,....gotLned tnmItlon. let', OC8ot1at. OUI ""!'Into Otupprop<latc t"'tlcl' 'l"ftttt. •

IVilfritJ S<:har( fj "" ''''i()(I,,~p!o/'tS_ und,/IIl'<1C!l of II,. Imtlm~ ofCrimi1t<Jlof;y a, llor

lI"""r:,-I1y ofo.pt' TQWn.

IocaUIlg' new !>orne. 11>eother tw<) boy>;'("0'1)(00 thelr punlillmem and """"rtint"lV"'ed Into th. community.~th Aftlco ......nd I", a ,ioImt ,,~. !he

enUre population, and not only the youth at,he t""mhlps, Is 'offering from • warneurosis that might be lles<tlbl'd as a I'IIIllOnalpost'lraumatic <t.... <liiar<ler. The It:ga<y 01'I"'nheld Inc::lude> the many reaCIl", .nddeI...,I"" >Ot:I.IIln<tlruUOil> emtt<! by f'l'Ollletrying to >UJVi"" In 'l~t. 01 tM "'H~.~

popular institution> will nol no'" be ....Ily_Imilaled or chonged by ,ho Ymplc racl of anew constiUltlon and • 8111 of 1I.J8h".

Among th.... 1egadn are the renog.xIesyst""', of poIldng and popula. lultkJrwhkh"-1''''''''''1«1. ""'88'" to """,to. I<1llbLonce ofdlgnlfle:<l and mlerly IO<IaI .00 poIltlcalllfounder Inhum.lne condition..

In the g1\>W at the flnt demn<-r.'ic.lecsi<>n>.mldst the tmfl>le be.uty 0/ 500111 Moo.there Is >0 mllCh to be hop.full",. In lhen""""",ty "-""1 ling at "'-"Coo nn' that lies.head, 'he wouncled "Y"""l! lion>" of South..vn", dosetv<' lim dill>. 1l>I1r hEroism need.'0 be n:cogni,."J, thel, """" "'-'l'd 10 bemourned, .nd theil bod... .-:I '0 be

"'""""Abo", .11. lheir ....ndnlng oouh need to be"'plured and flttnly .nc::hOftd III a new moraleronomy where lhe roo. 01 the "young lion>"I. Alt 0S><'Jl1on of lilt ,nd not a cry 01 donlll",,00 wh.... lhe tOfl-loyl an be. leoplng.oatatlc donee '8Oln" death...the. than •prelude to. Of mournful <debntlon .It...noIhe. unne<:eS>aty doolh. •

Nanq- s<:1tepn.Huglrts Is profts_q"mh....palog al the Unl.....<ity ofCali(_kl. 8ffle~'

SlIt WIIi" ...UI'U' pro/tsfot ofwcWultlhropill"tY at lit<' Unl....iry t1(QJpt' T,.,..n

fivrn July 199J Iu luly 1994.

MEDIA

inning ways Nl2!!--J~?n- informal, consultative style of the new Independent of IBAIIJOadcasting Authority is causing amazement and delight in a sectorused to being bent by the dictates of the old order. 5UE VALENTINE reports.

NEW ANl> <ttr~.hjn& p,oc... I"'lldio bro.>doI"f"ll 00"'" Into bdllll.t tbe end of June when ,h.newly (on,tlru,e<l I"<kpend<:n'8rOlldculing Aulho,hy 118A)

Iqan • counlly.wklo' """" of public Itw1ngson the l..ulng of l"o"loio".1 community_.....

'Ill. ClIpo Town h••nngs I allend<od Wftt

Ihl' 5O<.'O<>d <lop In a moolh.long lOUr by four01 th. ISA <ollncll1o,,_ who look InJohanne.burg and we...., 10 vl,llG.ahamlll,)",n, Port EII""'lh, Ourh.".RI...,mlollleln, Kimberley. Mm.".'ho,I'Ielmbu.. and t'ebptui' to slve •• manylzl_ smuP< and CUmmunIU.... I'O"lbI.!hI'mane.. to preoent 'heir vj~

n-.n.. """'"~ ",n>arub.. "'II«"" to ,ru,hurInp. Aft<1 deades Q( outhQrlwlan contrDI 01. radio and~, It was with """"amufillenl Ihll would_be b,,,.dca,""mltml lnlQ • "'0<f:'S of <1lscuWon wllb 1Mbody which mu<I ro.rogul.IO Iho SouthAftbn .I....~ IlInN<! of brln& rllculrd to'~p$.......eInvl~ to oft... tllrt< opinion. QII..t.ot the best pol"""" might br In .....tOO toclrftninll the I""a"",,= of wmmunlty "'die.and 1M conditions ur>der whk:h provhlonllI1cml'n 1II<cld br Isoufd.

Juot loS rrfmhlnS WI. the fao thor the h",,·m,. ...... brlng hold oul<l& ofJ"h..m~JJ8;thr lILA~ """'"' '" tttl' public In.trod of the0Illri ...y .round Abo !lOt<.'WO<thy ""'" Uk10M and .J"""t 111d-bKk ",,"nn... In whichSrbl~ MOI.hoM dl.lrr<l the neo<lng. Indlhr smon\.mtudr of rM "'11ft rounc:lllonChrbto Villorn (former h.ld of tho SABCboo«lj, Lyndoll ShOl",,"Mllfole (o.n el«1ronl<:>~ Ind John M.tI:I(>nII I. '1dIo joumol·Itt). One hod I """'" that tI... c<Jund1I<n """"huml". ..1Il Int......rdJ

I'l:rh..apo It WI' lOOIttl' lao th.It tltr hurl,,&,~ notU>outl<NlII~ ",I>mlsslon.s. but."ther pan of I cornulratl"" pro<rss lImN ..p1n1n&:o< muoh tnIonn"!on 0' 1"'JMl1>l0 abotltIllrS«lpr of community 0010, that helped CIC'

"'" thh ...... of puhlic plrtkip,mQII.

Argulbly Co~ Tnwn hi' Ih. most KIIVI'community 0010 ....or In ,ttl' roun"y. and,he roundllor.l II.hnlnoo to brlng Impressedby Iho dlVl't'>lty and mthu,lasm. From 'he.uhml"lons p......nlN at the h.I,lnl!' It I.clear thl! OM of 1M fundlm<11llllls>l... withwhich tM lIlA to g",pp1lng 10 how to delln.1M "rnmmunily" Ispon ol community radio.

Th. IRA Act provld•• fo' rodlo ,"t1onsho,.,.;] QII • grographi<al community .. well a.• community of Inten$l, but doco nor >tl.....Illt. Ioow """,U or Ioow larJII' "",h commWlI·.iro mU>' be. The Act furthe< ,tit.. tmt com·munlty ,adio must be n<>n.profil, 001 offen

IInlt further~ In """'10 01 programt'IC""".""1 or: mo!lvl1lon.

The ","rlou••ubml"lon •. conllng a. they<lid from I ,-aMy 01 romtIIunllln with dm..Ing aspl"'tlon, and agmda., til"'" a ."rktyof que,Uon•. for nompl., would a com-

IDMA ON THE AlII

hch Mond"y <>1 1,50 pm IDASApruenu "DoIng D"onocra.y","progr"mrn" "boul d"veloplng]u.lice In Soulh Alrl." "nd m"klngdemocr"cy work. Tunc In 10 p""",Il"dlo on the frequency of ""dlo2000 (fM 100 MHk).

munlly <IdIo .mlon lor dllSslcaJ muol< ""'""broodcastlng 10 Cope Town and johaunt>bwgbe' vlahlc, and .hould il be JIv.n 0 lkencoO\'n ~ lXUllmuni~'<IdIo >I>t1on dc<llcatrtl to;;.u rnthu_?

Could a ~omrnun1ty "at Ion blOadca"nationally jf lh. ptOllramme mate,laJ WI'<k>dka~.o ~ r.nll" of In,.mtl and the llU/).Ik good~ Is thb not the mbolon 01 a public"",,1cc hroIdca"..?Ag~ln ••hould a Jlcenco be given 10 a

Chri.tIan radio sta'lon claiming 10 broodca>I10 1.2 million I""'l'Ic in Cope Tnwn? Whatabout orher loillu? Sh",~d >luden. 'odic be

ronfinnJ 10 unlversll~ or rolltsr campu...?What would dlllingul<h a SIlPJlO:'C"l rommunlly radio IIatlon. which pla)"'d mootly mWcwllh lOlIIC Io<al n<'WI and Information. andr"Slonal commercial 'Iatlon••uch "' RadioGood Hope. ~fM or Hlgh>-.l<l Stems?

At "n. pOlnl In tho h.'''ng., Chri"oVlljoc-n dryly """"'-r<l that the total numbel"f poten'lal lI"eners ta,ge'N hy m.ny 01.ho>c p.-nllng lUbml,,101II ""Inumbered1M actual population 01 the W<5tC1'I1 Cape.

In ,...m. 01 wlLllt has becorno Ihe Inr...~IIonII <1ho> of rommunlty radio, tJlln Is onrunique ch.,aete,l"k by which communityradio broo<Ico".... stand or fall' 1M mllllglOment. conlent and control 01 mmmunilyradIo mu" r." with lh. community.Community radio cannot br owr>cd and con_UQlI«l on beh.lf 'II Of for: the commWllty.

But how do•• one defln. community?Woukl-be radlo IIatlon hoo-"" oIten 1'1"" tha'.very rodlo >tatlon i•• ~ommunJty.tatlonbc<-iou.. It 10.. I" own community nl lI'ten.....()I;Mou>Iy' """" poKi" dcflnltlonb'-.

Ortr In""""I,,!! kk'a from a lI\m]bct <I' thepublic at the Cape Town hI<orlng> was thlt arnmmunlty could br "'Id to ul" onco I"mornbctl ItId klmtlflcd thcmoclvn as be'1ongIng 10 that communlly. "It Is a b<>ttom.up

Ipprooch,• he ",It!- "'" >QOI1 as """"'" rrcognl.. Ih.m..lves o. bclng pa.rt 01 somethinglarger and >ornrthlng wilh whidl IIJcy IdmIlly. thom they ha\.., <n'-OtNa rommunlry."

It I. not dI'ar when .10. IRA will d<cldr ..hll1M a",...... I•. CcrWnly I\OIhln8 con be doneWIlD Uk hNlingt ha..... """" mmplctc<l. MIdlItr IRA hal. In 1ddl1l0n. twO O1he> prlodtytotb: addreWng the qu..t_ of ctOM-mcdla

O'WIICI"hlp and tho rMlructurlng 01 tho SABCas a pub1i<!IroIdc2l.t~.

Impallml "' aopIrlng rnntmunlry hroI<Il_e.. mlY be, the consult.ttv. apprc.c:h 0/ the18.0. d.... rv•• support. En.u,lng a tho,,,,,ghpn><uo ",ually meanu >Jow pro<:rss but, Iilong "' the ....ult 1. a flher, IDOl': di"".... ondInle.-.sllrtll b<OI<kootlng envlronn>er>t. It willhi:' wurth ..cry >e<:ond nI tl>< w.il. •

Thl. page .ponsored by SOUTH AfRICAN BREWERIES

The challenges of the future call for new approaches to

eDUCATION

I(ET ClASS Is 00 Ior'IBer """""'Illy. sood 0fIt In today.

hl>W<y~.In a >Jsnlfla,m "'ttl of low. In .he~ of hlllory, rote re«Juntlng of J1IJl\eS, doleS and~ ..~n8r~ by '1"",I""'lng and dcbot•.Que>liOrU IlO lOnger begitl with "when did ,..r Of ·who

fou,i;hl ...r In'tead, 'oKllen a>k -why do you think _.r and "howdoj'QU ted about ,..1"

In Mallrll /fljtwr "lor JJrimary hb'~ "'"'" pubIWlod In 1992by IkinenUnn ern "" ",,~.areeno>u~ to uaml~ and"""'~, In""ltlp.e.~ and ..... qUl500m. In pbcI' tJf """''' ofdlfficulI narratt>.., _It <k>uble-~<pre.><! t. <lomlnatfd by picture>and photugr.prn, ~ty of art!>"!'" and rnudlla talk abouL

Tluough. ~mulatlo<1and roIe-pIaying gam"". lQIlWlmes &WIled byau<llo.vl<ual~ pupil. are .nrouragtd to ."'palhl"" wltt, bothpartin. So I'Ift R_1s no 1or'S'" the COllf38<'O.'l, GoM...r1nsY"""",,kk<11<1-.lder who "'" brtra)'f'd ' ..,,<1 murd<n'd on th. ordenolthe ...~ Zulu king DIngan<'.

I'Ilpib now 11.0"" to ronUdN how DIl'8"J'lf rnlghllu.... 11'11 abooJ, 1MTrftkns moY1r\,'lln 'IOdo,," to hi. LInd: thty are apK"t<'d 10 roml<letwhy tl>l'1.Il1u rulrJ ortl<'tt'd Relld to l>t 1:IJled. 1lKy olIO ha"" 10 mk.-clon~dllllruI~ theT~mIght ha.... upmm=lln In>1nllI>ornt, and the dlH.""lI~'(J/ land OWIIfi:Shlp which 1«1 to:lOmany l>loody m"""demandlngs.

Autl>orf.", (arrl,,11lOl to""''''''~1 !WI'> venIOOl of. Slocywhich coulcl wggnt ,ha, 0"" b right and lMOIht:r "'TOIlg, f'Illllb areenrout;oge<! to opprod.ltethallh...,.,. IJIOny IlC"I""'1Ive1 ot>d, Inmlpllnklng Int.."retatiQrl. puplls com<' to un<mund thai thm'1onoI ooly OM ."........ "'. q....uon.

l1tb.nrn In hl>lory lea<hJng I.lnll,..rn:t<l by the iIlt~llonaJ

..:Iuo.ll00 tIIOV<'"",,,ts of 1M late 1970sa"d eatly 19800 towards OIlemphasl. 00 <mpolhy, >lmutallon .nd ~y;ng.U"l'"enlty of Copt'To•.." ..:Iuco Uonlsl Rob Slebwget we> the t>:.m pieof lhe "cllOO$t your""'" odvmtu"," ","",of lite ul~ 1970>, The y<>U1lll n:adn IS tl.. ""ruraldtalOCl'" of the """"I .nd clloo>oes hi> Of her ...~I /IlOYl' from OJll\On••lthe OOltom 01 eoch 1"'3". 'hereby d<1"""lnJ,,& tt.. ou""",," of lho' stili)'.

The era of $W()(tlllll UCt> Is being~ by OIl approach whichacImowle<!s'" lhal hi"llI)' is "'" whal ""'....11y h.fIP"ned In lho' posl I' I< 0Il1nt"'P""",lon of what hawened, Facts aret~ alw.ys"'''uti....; bla~ 1""Iuilice. conmctin~ Inttrpretalions and diff.......lmor.oJ bf>1l<'fs.U .ff<><t tf"oI, namtlw$ of Ih. p.l'Il,

lhe '''''t.IM no,u,", ur hlsllll)' Is begIttnlng to be n>fIecIed In SoulhtUrIan 'u,_ and "'adtlng. At • 19'13 mIloqnlum on lChooihl>to<y 1"'11l0oi<.\, history leacJten and .ulhot> M!Iea>ed IhlS stat........t:

School historyrevisited

.,.....,l>.>oIo:. "ru<'lured .. Im"""",I, Ieilmll\ll m.'..... I. lotthe tralnittll of "U<lmts' hlstoncal com.:lomn , lho:y .I>ould>llmul.,.. lndrpt'ndelll Inqulrr and Mudy, iUld bf> $em.!th." '0 thenalu", ol hl"orIcal ""'m:l.

"'They iboukl prnml the p;ulln • muJtI~vaJ way randlll~

l»lI' the n.tu", of U", Imtorl.o.n'",rafl and the ill\'>COpobie """""'I)'<iconst.ntly ",writing hkt<><y In the light or CUm'nl und.m.nding ofhum.n "'.·

t54MdJ><.w , by john I.at>.nd and Jeff Mathews, tIo<'< ........Ir thb,rn:au....ly Integratlng boIh .klesol the >101)' of lhe 1879 han", atlJ.mdlw.na. N.tal, befweer111le Zulu. and lhe Rrilhh.

The Zulu victory "" tooltlonall}' been <Ie$<rlbed as.n~,.nributed largely to the 8ritlsh armys Inability '" open 11'1 '"'""'"OIllmunltlon box.,.. Rut lhe .uthors argue lhal 'an appr-ed.ltlon oflsandlwana as a Zulu ml\itary suo:ess pennlts m 10 mrrect ,h.tradI,1on.aJ W"'lem~",led ,'lew of ['"""Iw..... "'h!dl "'8""b Itentlrrly jn the 11,0;111 or a dis.ster I\) Bri,Wt .rrm",

UWJg primary _f£eS{dlnle>, 1.11.... and .""'OC1S), IIle.uthor>t.comtruct lite feeUngl, ,..lues.nd beliefs of Zulu••nd Brltl.h, Reado>n..., tIt"",fote a1>lo' to .mpatW,., wltIt both sides wll""'" h.v1~ toch<oleeltJtej, Pul,lll an: O'JI only nl<ed to map oot the roul••1ongwttlch the 8rilllh fled!IOrn th. Zulu\, bl.tt."" to <lncrIl>e tit. fttlingsofthe mrvtmrs_~ onlinary people ulUOlly Ignotro In history boob,

Laban<! and Ma,I_~ ..... Lord Chelmsford', ball~ >tratcgy toWumal. the ....y chokt InflUl'O<l':l the outrome ofhlst"'Y - by slvlngp<ljllls.n u.rctw In planning OIl ollemilll~ mateg}'. For example,tiley may J"OPO'I' digging In:ndtes Of erectI"lIbamcadcs .round tilebanlelldd, nJl",es "'hlch wotlld h....a1t~ lhe OUlcome:.nd '1Jan&edthe course of history,

-We ........ ..,.xdllng p;ut." >OJ'S~r, "but It II ""'Y burled. It It.....,uallhal "'"' sl1are pon oIl1le """""" 01 dl>cov<1y," In lhe HbfJ1f}'In~~ ",aders .",upe.."'Ied I\) 1'fOC""lnfomtlltioo 11..hlstorlarts, s1lt1n8lhrough prJrnory m.t..... l. and """"ntin8'hdr ownde<JOOInrn and ronduslort..

Unl......!}' 0( th. Western Cape hislortan Colin !lund}' 'unts up litechal",~ f.1dng too.e "'bo t.ad1 ,he PO'" 'Hh'o<y Jesson> IhouId Ill'"yO'JIlII~ not lust knowll.'<l8e, bu. th. tools 10 n'fII'et 011, ......1....1..nd .pply SU<h knoWledge,

'Ow hlstoor "....room. should be fulloIl~ whO all<: 'Ilowdo II(n(Jw this Is "",,7 Wha' ebe mlW>' ha~ happened? Whalls IIUke'" be sorn..,... I.m "".1" Theylht>.1k1 be wllllng to tellllle1.Kl1<'r 'but thai doesn'l rnaI<e ""'"". a"d to"", 'wt lIoel; It ha... ",be I1I<e thatJ'" •

the past. learning history needs more than a good memory these

days. writes GAil JENNINGS. It requires an open mind.

11· DtMOCRAO IN ACTION

PoLICINGTO many communities, the racist and sexist attitudes of police officers have

undermined the legitimacy of the policing system.

SHAUNA WESTCOTT attended a workshop aimed at addressing the problem.

Sexism under fireII

I'~~_W'"liaisl"l 0llJ"Iei,," to ""'th," w.,W pIalnu...., 0)' Of .... of I~pattldp"n" In • nocmt W"""",capo WO'IbllOp on 'g.>ruJI.or .nd

~ In poIldng".•m you~ th.1.... group rorntltu,~ t.....f ..~ anoth...Ibrunt;>"ht~.

WorWIop organl""" from Lawyttt forthunan Rlgh" (UIR) and Ih~ In"ltu~ 01Crimlnology 1\;0,_ to """""" Ill<>.~ ""Iogal~ ,ha, theft' w.. no pian 10_It. n<'W 'lNCIu~ Ro,her I~ Ide. waslo'Itwt' Informallon .nd ro<>rdInal~II13!t'll1fj.mona the v.tIou> bodlfj wo<ldng In tht fkldIn tbc bopt lhal... L1iR ttgIonaI dim:lOlU",(lldm. puili. p"rtI<ll"'n!' would Mum toIhdr organl...llon. "..1,h ............... vlgour .nd"lIhull.,m" for 1M lask of iddresslng r.oclsmand ~xllm In policing.

A moro l"<\<lespfNend represcnlOtl""'1m11wl1lal1~Thooc lhat didatlfl\d lndudOO a ~Utl,.., fromWNeth cal'" poI\C1: .....n~1>1nIClUn:Jand tbc ."'lolalll Sffilor pul>lk: pro>et\It<>r.tW)'IIbtfg Magi" rate'. Court.

Sketching th~ background 101M worbl>op,Instllllle of ClImln<ol<>sYdl_ WlIfrledSchm'~of. process 01 dio.log..>e with the~ IIl't'tChtna ""'" lorn ,....n .nd""lminol·bl,Il ill • 1993 mrtIetfo1ao .ltMdtd byall the1m1ltutlon\ InvolVl'd In police l1.lnlng. A """"Iutlon tal<tn.1 tbcronfeno:nco wi ail polla<llU""'S1hoold Incl""- an efem<ont On how toW11Nm tK"bm and ",rum wa, "grudglnglyIDd half·•.mknowlngly· ><O'pIed by Iht trainIllllnstltlJllom, BUI, "II w;" .pparmt lhlll-auoh lRlnlr!8 ..""Id ha...., to be 'I"'~ fromPuI.1lde: the poIk:edld nOl 1\;0...., ,he capacity",

AI. ""!Mequon! n.llonol conf~mJCC 11""'-dur thai dlff=fll~. haddJ8m,nllnlff<S1I and capadllelln .....11on '0\lQlkllI& Scharf ..id It ..... thcrdort: do:<"Idcd,"rat,,", than Ci$1~' ""donal empire". to let~ '""" tbc ..tuatlon forward Heocr the

July workshop In the Western Capo.Arnon8 tllt~ VY!r!8 ror poIko- all....

!Jon Is on~ ..h"", broad outline.",.. JI"""Ontedto the wotk>hop byromul,am Ml,oinett~

linda, ..ho die<! ""pr11mce In Canada ,raltlIng~ It.lMn.nd • "1m on a Canadianmayor" pol"'" advisory commllt.....arno<l8Ilt, cttdmtlal,. 'We btuev.. you Itam .nyfum> ofopprnllon from childhood up,' shesaid, '"JlIerrlon! II <an br unl..me<!.·

MlIOrl8 faetOf1 sht empha'bed a, <OR' poItldpl.. of her tflm',pac~ ....... I noo·ludg·mm,a1aJlll"'»'h, c....tlng an atmosphm: ofmIOIIonal saftly .nd bulldl"l panidpam>,orIf-ntran In training worbhop>, 00 th~

boasb ,hat a po11li~ ..11·lm.ll" mJUUt",agalnst OW"",I'.., .ni tudn .nd bthavlo'JJ.Cow'so conlml she mentioned Included <:on'''''toall,lng rad1m .nd sexism hlstO<lCally.lenninology. attl'u<le!, identity. tl><: >OCialuatiOft p""""", cy<1es ofabu~. I""""'" rdatlon,and language In rcUli<tIt <0 P'J""'I"'

An In"'''''tlng ex<hang< lOOk place towards'h~ ""d of 'h~ wotkshop whett Old<en, tn I>etcapadly as workshop lactlilotor. tried to per......... panidpanilio tak~ resl"""lhility fofpul1tllttg varlous.spoct> oil booaol tnll!ad,..ilfOwtd ending ",xlun and rxbm in poildttg.These ...... identified ... training. .lIkmatl....aniOn/equal opportunllyfia1<'flll mtry, com·munity polk>: liailon rommltlte'land fotwtt"

AIMIHG FOilCHAH(i(; A cadetI.h, "no ....ring

hut",cUon.t thelI.hop t.-t.

T.ainlng C"I'-9In the c:.....

policy tnputs, >Ilng .lNCIllJ'CS and 1obbyIng for t't':IOUfCn. "I don·, "ani additionalrnpomlblU,y" and 'I"m not going to rn-ate.noIher empl"" W<'A' .mong II><: jtIOI..l1,while oot delqa", nolo<! wI,h desp"lr. "Th.at',..hal .lIlhe fon",.. are do!ttlI: calling forIhlngl' to br don~ by ",mcone ~lst'.'

Nevo:tthtl"". responding perhaps '0Olcken', """"rk Ihat 'If >OOlCCKle doesn',hold the p"""'tblal baby 1, will get ""'", liltwork>1top did endorse Scharf, '_Iha, ".lillie pocl:.et of OflIlO<Iunlty' ~xl..ed lor"In!«tlng idea, Into tM var\oI.d <lill."""""'".boul poUdr!8. Thm: ......ho agreemenl that>orrte oI'heorg.nlsatlorU rep~nted.tthowook>hop could add an Infofrn.1 <:0

Ofdin'llng Of nefWO<klng fur>ctlon 10 thewoO: thr>· ....'" already doing In I~ .....Idcnlifto<!. UlR WOUld WOtin"" to furtalon a,(M:rall r;v-ordjn:otor and .....-rl.o.llor thl:"NGO CO"",,' or ·Infonn.>llnt..... group'teJ"">""~by tho: ...,.k>hop,

Ilte embedded tut= 01 the 1"001.... mlghlha"" bN!n indSooted, W1\OiUingly, by pol;....,~reoenudve Martin Oosthui<etl. "From our,Ide: M ..id, .,....,.,., p"'f"""d lu Ibl"" to\deas.nd we!hettt to~I and ....y'I.hten, guY'. thb I' whilt the~ Ihlnl:..··....'hen poIl<7 go 1hoppln,g for. trainingpadago', • little modub- on gentkr illIdlanguage should dear I)' feature on their 1i11.•

This page SjlO<l.ored by KEllOGG COMPANY OF SOUTH AFRICA

CIVIL SOCIETY MICHELLE BOOTH reports on an initiative aimed at uniting non·

governmental organi~ation~into a (o-operative s.eetOr,

NGOs graspthe nettle

THE fUTURE 01 non'lovr,nmtntllOI11"-nlsatlom (:-IGOs) <lime undn tho,poll1lhtlt the opening 1e',lo" otthe Unl"."lly of C>pe Town Wlmw

School .. 1m, ,,,d 01 Jun•. A pa"lrul.. loeu,""01 ,he .rgumen' ,h.. ,h..e I•• n...d feuNCO' '0 o'lanl'. th.m",lv.. ln'o. 0lttI0l"'\til. unltt<!~, dnplle1lle m.ny dlffkultles th.t ".n" In 1IIe w,y.

Arnonlthe dlffl<ull;'" menlfonod _to l"c....1"8 rompctl1lon for'"ndlng. ",• .,Uo,I.I- Imper.lIves.•nd e"h'lnl .nlOlo"l,m betweenII.dlllo".1 orgolth.'io....ltd ·l'tOgJe...lve" NCO,.nd community·ha.<,od nrg;mi..1Ion' (CIlO.).

Apln from 'M It""" lor NGOl '0 act wgeth" 10 d.li.... and d.rmd'h." COmmOn ,ntere,b, 'I"'al:en fen th.. oo-<Il"',..lon might .Is<>mean wo'klng wlethet On prol«"'. Given thellmlted ... paclty 01many NGOl, It ml8ht .1", mean totlon.lI..tk>o and """1"3 rflO<,tcn.

AoIgnlJ\cam ~I 01 coq,eutl"n bo:<wem Nco. .lre.>dy does e."'.I", e,umple. with th~ ",'orling In adul' edu,.,lon. Tho: Id•• ls th.,,hi, lind 01 ro--operabon should be uh'ntJtod and lorm.oll~.

The n.... " fo, ,0Ile"lve action w., hllhllgtltNl by. plOpo,al(it<ulaloolor d!l,~u,llonby the InMpendent Study Imo .n En.bllnsEnvlronmem fo, NGO'. A p,olect of the Development Re..,utCeemue. 1M Independent Slttdji .Im. 1<1 f..,lnote Ihe ..e.tion of •~J>OIIcy .nd legal mvifOflme"t for NCO..

Th. propo••". eurrenlly being formulated .. d,aft Iegbla'lon. d<olwllh fout ~ • .-, 'fh<o lint il tt'COgttJl"'" 01 1M rtgh1< of CIvil~.

THE LONG MARCHThe "orr oftll, .I...ggle rocIlboo....lio" In So..11I Aftica

Edllon, Ian Lieoonoorg. fionBl.ortBll. Bobby Nel. Gert van derWelth"lz""

Rewriting South African history has begun!The t<wI, M"....!> COI1v1tlCiflily d-.ibeo th;o pel" end oeal·nce af." many tovol.ed in thill bist".,.. Tbla eollectkm "r....y. documeota ooml of the .1tU,iCgl.. eoOCltl'1led "1'h 'hi6gbt oga!nst aparthoid.

The ton, Maedt ohow. how ...ny dml..nl 0'll.nl..1Io...,nloblJi.1ng Of'OUnd "ftoo ...mingly "pPO'!D3 i..".. lOch ••Cluiotilnlty, women'. r1gbta • .,d c1....'caJ IIbor.U,m. III ca,,,.10g0tber to conttibulO In the l""OtuaJ deroJoe of "parth~ti

Read IhJ. bQok .nd find tbe mwloB p;oc... In lho punl. ofSouth AfrI",,'o cunoci"uou_ oflWt<Jl')'.

Prfoo RM,50 (~It><:ludo<ll

Orde.- from I§I~/ HAUM Wbolosole DepmP,O. IloJ< U635.0ullvllw. OOHTel. IOU) &68-903J, Fax lOU) 6611-8826

AlSO AVAU.....U AT AU. LEADING JIOOoI>SEll£ItS

14· OE"OO"'O III Acno"

n", "-'COOl! dub wtll> cte.ll"3 mon: ....bll'"proce"'" ond tc;juln:mentl I(N the lCtting ,tp,

"'I11"I01Ion Ind running III NCO>, TIle 'hltllde.b with m.king fund.,.I.lng fot :-IGOo_let and If>l COJttmlfed th.n In the P;>'~ ~

,he founh d••b wl,h Iml'D".nt '"~ 10< NGOIand dooo<:l to Nco..

Among 'M many lll'lla.'" raging In conllKTktn wI,h ,h""" P"'l""";'II one which <mtres.rowt<I the dofInlUoo Ill.n NGO. Are all DOt\.pr<:tIt Of voluntary o'l!.nl"t1om NCo.1 Or i, II • 'erm whleh .ppU.. oniy'0 th..... orgontsaUom with' hl"oryof ,.,I"anc. to apartheid? o.:.e.the <lefInlllon In<:lU<lt C/lO$ .nd ",~<Io" ..if,,,, osganlsatlOM ftt in?

While ,he 'delinltlon" debate<.", ongolnp,. 'M Indc(K'ndent StUliyop'ed In it< r""omm~nd"lol\;10' an approach th.1 w., a. broad,Inclu,l....nd en.>bIlnS a, l""'!bIo, IOther than te>lricti... Of exdwl\..

AnOlh.' .... of dobatel.,h. ponlbl.....bl"hm.n' ol.n NCOcouncil a. a 1I~, otrV In fOlm.lioing co--<:>J'O'"'''''' Ilt'tW\'Clt NCO>. Thedebot. t>I1 th" hao I"" lqun and many "'ftKt' of 1M prop<>sal """" IIIbo .mpllfl.d Th... Includ. d,flnltlon of the "'uctu,•. tolo '''~

Iunolnnl of sudt • council; ..h","'" it rJIouId operate on provIndal .._U "" 'lltlott.al r.....l; a,'" ,h. 'II'''''' 01 It' ret.Uomhlp to lhe ,me.

TIl... debat....... 1Il:ely 10 JroW In uIll.ney, All NCO. not .Ire.dj'Involved lit lhe dlKu"lOn pn",.., .hould ..Iu the opponunlty 10m.'" Inputs. The future of NGOo mlghl be It ""..,. •

Mkh</k /loom i> <<>-<<dmalor In IdaJa'J Wntm, CIlfI" offla.

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00 1M -silm, Ioof-lnlenlJlJ' wan· lhoo: ...,..(lI,lf f;QUrIUy. lhb II • booI< __ lhr IIIOdI.I\bIDI,. 1IIIbdeu. bas ..... poopr tho< _I*l. 01 tho _ lftKI1IrIay 01 -..hlp ...AI Ih~ ..me lime II I, abooal those....tlo""""'" 10 ..... and bep the~

lIftd "'fJ IIlIII bed; mm lO·pIta' "¥Iha• 1C'W In"3hl> InIO the~ by plod", tt..wu In lhr COIlt~>1oIll1W"~IOCIIIu~.val au>fd by 1M md 01. "",nlln!".Wh<~ Udlffm from other aa;oonl> 01

\OW11)/l1p .IoIt,lCl! II In II> --'1'110orlhr .-kr I omwof,..,.,lhr~~ '" "",,,,*00 the sn-wL Athor IhmlJYlnI '"~Nnmt"""'" Imo lhrIarnIIW (buI ......... j 1am>g( .dua.... 01It......"""'"' aJMnhold. • .-wriImMl/llllftl1p11IOdd'.

IIftd ........ 11\11 k>w..mmslly Win ""...sh_pod 1M pollU<301Swlh AfriaIrrnocably. mI~nly IS much .. hlllh·profU."'I'Jll'ltlon>. "lhl. book wtll till...~IIlI""P""'" If h Inuodu<~ the rodrr 10 the, .........~~g(d~.........._.' ""OIid bf ItBKMd loom thII oIlhr...... In 1UitI.moIII • tho: i • 41""".....·IxMJ"-

1k ...........u'd._01__In' hordly blown on lhr -omcw- sidl'oI100m. W.....m, hIsWfy~ Into lIDrwrlll... 01 the pmml, Reed hal -.chltv'od OIl....y.t.,.~ and ocaulblo '1)'10. Thel,ltIfoldl"l dranw ktc'pthe~, lien 10 \hi:Jolwp~oIlht moll\ll$ot ,........nIp~

A >trItlnI~pk of tilt drllllM IlIII~II tho Btoulpllu' oflhr -..alo::m 01 tbrTIObno: hollfI ... lhr r.-1aDd. _ of ItIr

fInl d. wwnIT~"'-*' lO bo 1&lN"".",'111 _ill>. A"""" of dalMbtl /O hoI*<'ld " ,poitCJl!ded I doddcJn by _ dwdlM 10

l&J>Or"l ....,.....1)'. Ang1y ...ldent~ !hell

*<*d 00 lIftn<llh/Ilht hoMd.~__dw - • .,~ "'.... "'!how

~__- wtlo I0OI< P-"' °11~. ""'""'doe.....mnc:__ bonl houw to"""........ thr ........ twn Ihr Ioo;:ol~_ ......SoIM_.-d wtth pld_....... -.d IhoodI. _ DIriod po!JOI.,.. _If .... lJ"fIinIlI&"l- ........... thr...... '" tIY "'*'rI.1Wpo Inlldo IOMInOd"1Wl~,WtftlltM ,lit _."" lIw....... _looftd.lnd bunMd. Somt hoJkIdtodIcn mblfd and tlwy _ k1l1td."

A "p'1tftn ollmo:b and OJUnlft...lIKb"~. °FIOnII'lOW on I millury 1ogI< ukcs(N'tl. WhUI' lIw hoWltlls on I "'r fOOll"ll _farm 01 """tllll1.. _pplle>. St<\lrll)" 11 tiltIlDItd pt~ Is tJihlftlCd. E""'Y Il\lln In ,htbDItd II mobUlotd. y"", Itlthtl "&ht CO' )'<'I'

ILWDft lht fllhlftL~ .... ..awd 10 poybllrto,mu.lnd boftle.ttwdklnoo. Gun>"",ptIld>-.:l CO' hired hom pcofoob.al sun..-..WuIoRhnnttp_ndalml,wsan3'__In.o lht ""*Itllor .....Kllo;CL~lIdpwlth tht IUfIllIl' '" I b __dot I •• I to Ire cbmI Uf."

U:lt:wbcn In lht boolt lleecI_lht... : • ,ofnnlQlCllptTowm ..tdllhc'....~ _1Odpld on OIW of tht .....__of tht drt. tht N2 tNc .-.. IOwlbl..... A/II:I. tMc$of~ IPdon.thlnwl'*fl • ....-.of_bb_chtIr....,., pItS rtplIftI ,,",' , IIw IOOd •

"~".-...s Mftf'td In Sou!tI AIrIa In 1"1Daplotdot """b_of hb..,. _ hb~-...lItdt"iOi!Sti.IU.~

I M'''' .. oopfpt-tlhdwralitla.......,e-r(\lt$l!lfouIhtht_,~.-••0IS<u:tt. AfIIan IlIr '" oMIl .... puMcIna-.0I1bWmIiIp -u.y, wlch IOw-abtIn&.1 I Md pnn, .-_ Pftd.

Ito "-Iianli wcnli lor .... $ouCh Afrir:on......al!kblnI~dw~01 ..... e .."'" "'" tht Itml "b/Kl.<ln..blQ l'IoIake" wid >lmfil7lO'pl1f1lht-,........ wltIOOIit any _cmnpl .........ym.~ lridltfotmw:e of.1It Sou,h A/rIaIn

-sII _ ,hac Uw f'Ytnl:l of ,ht cMI _foohictI, while JqJII'litrulblt. on: molIvated by

BELOVEDCOUNTR.Y~Ol,'H '1111,,4,'

l("1 \\I1"id

"'us, as II WM gt1lir'.f ligllt ".~

smU.l"I.~/1 tI.~ wimlllws (lfthl'IlOstl'l. l'fflfJII' Ipulilt .l"t:rtflnlt'fI

flllIl nltl {I",tly. I\'e f'flu",1IIII' "()SuI .llltl tI.t mOlllS wt'"looltd amllmmcd. Solllt. "QJteldwellers niSl,flttl ",,,, tlw"wrn!' "1/11'.1""

mrntlry.l.... poml~ .. 1rDtI<:-W.InYrwKUoI~ T1th~1hc'Pf"'IudI<e~ white Il\M___ 10 o1IIlIhla .... MiOIhft lor no... , COl_,"

In ....aw. "tho SflIllinI <II' _ bloodalb font> .. ....,oI'tpw I_lardi b Iim:iB, _+ntJnI c .k=.wIdi~ I natloNl OUICIJ.n.dmhiboaaDe ....................oIlka'l,.C1od :d_ P""'&" ..., 'Tht)'dd nat" In~Thrt _ b I _ Soulli .....,."•• "

1ft<! """"' 'c• ....,.,..etI. olIcIn;c tht............. _ oI"""'*_fU••_of IbtddlolllWn'" Iht ........,oIlht .....'Dllj

11x boolt doft nat ptftmd '" be: ..~of ............. _lor dw "'*'P'"__1lniodoni In lht V... T..... andNouL blhc it arnpIItlft. "-""Tof~ ""ibid IWrks about thr lm>Iooand ....... lrIUft\ll Gllftkiktd by IIWiY~ IIlot\Gt$on InIcrowornI<• uml*' 01 thrdIf1tttnt lypt:i 01 0'1oIo,..."&om IioItd dItht$.o p:>/k't ......pIIdIy. _bottln bttk&l. tht ANC and lht lnllKhaFfftdom Pany 10 1"''' _1faII'..

lltIrMdCcMr!ryaoncludl:o wtth _ IKIlonentitled"... I'aInful TnruJtlon"...hith lrib

dw oI....-...IIko ttniIIlI'iI'"~"'_ <tunae-n-_..... cl~ ..I....1

AIttbntn,. ". broRn "",,,,*",_'II 10-.n-_lht~whlwlIIitnis.wtlo dbsta dwlr .-.. co&t In~ lotoo:JpJ*" n-II-'wtIO _10 InJvt SouIh AIi1ca, dnpcaIdJwttIn.I. hialtMnol wt,h IIord&n 1"",""1,. Alllht peopIt 1tom}obl~.-.IlIryNoftbcn Su/:lufbJ aft '-'In&. iho ..".. '"Tho:Jtw:i.1t~ wid wIlc1 ....Jtw:i '-"',....know IltIn9 lit bad. "

"1'hftt is ..... dw dblIl\lSklnl:d "bt:rIl.bonllnlllO"-up Ills llwottlkaJut>do:nc_"dl"ll oIlht >It1Jll8lfc Ind lht IlanllrNlIlI~of town,hlp 11ft. t .. C'OI'llomplllllvtlyonaIpa hi. brWl" Jfltllin lht ""'MIt IgIIrulIp.mhcId. thin JtOpS hlrmI!If,lftl1nlI; odI·t:orudOul. 0\ fttlllkf l'm wkI"ll to myl!lmpIsI." lit mnlNn to II-.

Amonll_lm........Md by Ilted Ii.rnId<:fIt.dut. upwlirdly ItiOtlIlt blIdc__wtlo ha Ii.t to ,ramfurm his

"""""'- '" adapt 10 .... C*flIWbI...nJ.0....10 mo ..... I'<A&kt«" of lht'~C,btpCitYIW-. wto:> ftndo • ..., '"IIiIft)' Iht nNdiof hi> fa<Iary w1di d>o:bt 01"""'"'oflht~of htt.~"lll..."cJr,""",", 01 tht "' ....0

\lk$LatL« thIi booIl_ uRnby_~ph>q:iopl.,l:mo bi wtlo_ ..~"'lht.... lnlhtv...-".,.".e-yIi publI:lhtclM. eu-whm_.- 10 tftIto;t In orda ",build, ald •...... ldu ......... .....wb' II< •••"u...... •• of lht.-upu..Kt<l by-1Iio&. idi 01 bladr; IouIh AfDao>l. lIullIot.....,od>c~ ornocaut toapuuoo,....... tcmII!IM tho! lwIcht of u..>tfUll8lt Inorda to n..t> ....... _ the' ......... Ilted...... to Itam. ThM ht~ In doin::Il JO

Ii~'_ .no. dtpcli 01 dw Iml&htIt'''taled In ,his boo:*. •

8ElOVED COUNTRY by Danld IlrKI../OO.Ilhan 8alll'ubllshtB, .foh.1nneburg.1994. 210 plgtS. 1\89.95.

D"..or.ur. tN A~tlnN • 27

BOOKS

Catharsis or nationalhaemorrhage?

IllY COMMlMTATOlU:~ I'".,_ ..b_ ef ,"".. -.I __wM__""'M " 'l'•.-....s.dos-.l" •• "" .....ok" -.I .....~"""'.-

By Chilrles VllIiI-Vicencio

IITilE lIItlon must dnI wtth thtplll.O P,...ld.,nl N.,honlo4.ndoriI !lid in hi 1., oJ.ht nll,on ACId addln.

.hat "1M bwdm oJ tIw- poll lin huvIly on11>" n... jWatJkm WIIh Iht. buldm ...ha. Itdon nO! .,ully.o ..... J. II wdlh' Uke-.nillh.m;m on lht p<noenl. T.,. to i.,-.. Ilmil II b Ukdy 10 mum 10 Munl .... faa It• nd I. has 1M CllpadtJ .n ~"'l' us.

On< 01."" romrlbuton 10 J:WIi>u wiIh dot"""', oUlhoo'1lrullo"""q warn. Inronn«Ilon wllll.ho n«<l1O rm>mI~ lhal"111m I.. lI,agon liVIng on 111., ""lio", No, h'."1't3h1 lmldl' lhe IM"I'<QOm", ..~ followromrlbulOfM~ IIurron of 1110: KlICk s..n,

ThntoblnYa,lom proVoiIc 0 lmOr 01 thtWlft'CYoJ.ho _<\rail lOilh In lhbnucla!ly' Imporun, t>od<. II Is .... lIIIIlbouldlot In-.lydJ#oted by~ oIJWr pmon In--TIw lnun facIna: South Atnca In _OR both~ and p>llllcal.Tbry.- 10 floworl<NolU.1n~ lOam_.a"""""IlI ....... laIIqum. .lawyn who IOM!d onlib rounlJ}'. nIIlonlIl Conlmlslloon ofTrudland ll«undlIadon. ..... thb poinIln lib<lIRIJlb..- 10 DrIIIo/iow' _ dtt". IWRJntn tho IInporIIacor oJ~ thtIran and IIIOtI.-.IIIOns CIt tht IC' pa..... 01~ deed>, _ warm lIIII ndltwr _ .....

~Qn hold tht """""' oJ ""CO In... kJ,'*oItCIflt ......oJ ""*'J.

,,*""- point b modt by 1t<IbntD<:ma>."" KtCU,obt _hMbemdeqily~In tIw- fJ~ JtnIIP."'" ........ 1ht.- 10~..,.. II ethtallywma WIth

what b .........lIJ~.°llbblyllhImpcncM'lOpunbh _ ~......,1(., and poI<Ully' It b",-_wma 10 wort lor the eta.llallart 01 ...._rumml>oI '""'" _IO(fflObP' t)'Wond~"",I(l~thItthe_oIthtpal wid not bt 'Cjk_d."

Lqpl academlc.....SIdr>......... tht_In 'ht South A/rkan ron1ft'!: °WtcanMl foI)' 10 IIw Jt<Wlty ""'_ WeIn'

1l"l"l1O Iodl )'OU IIp<' 1\ juoo ......·1 -.~ wtll bt _ dtatll> ond >lIffft1n&.....ll.il1 ....0Il ..y to them Il: 'Whm .... ""..1M MW ronltlNlIon, If you ddt wtth \hootfIgh.lng <ltrIlOCrICy wllh."", and'","",rIllIIOfU, you will foc1toI' ""y daim l<J

.mnn.y:-B.onlq' Df:>Il of ,he PAC lOt> further. 'W~

would k living In _ !«II', poralIl$t If we~ llul mtrdyltUing u..,!JU1h woWdmlI hwn.n rtghu Illluwf." lit sa)">. "1lttvtola,oa mU>l bt nIIIIoed and pul on lJIal. 0

Qundons abound: wh<l should bt~ and who llfou&ht to lriofl Wbat""""" .1It NI«f ~11or....-yk'Should IfIt _ atall tItoIr -1;UiI<y 01_ bt made publld Shuo*l pn»fCUIionloDow.........""'ITht~oIop.rthtld_a.ttndwldtly,

~~*"""""""''''''II.....kIII• .....-.. ........ Illll:u>danllr.- that I INlh <OaUnIOOIon ob!>uId nrooo lit_10«1"'.'''''' lI>IO I ..tld>-hu<tl.,....IImordC.....U'''''......, _ ..._oJ 'du=c 01*'" UUtb .......,"'""kcI.,..nt 10 bt polIt!cIlIy ntIfl'llowd.0nIr .....an lhtcoaunl>llon~ Iad!.. it:>~

P\lIIIDcaIldemllI~duToil~ lhaltht WIt ""'" 10 bt fn>'tSllptd s/lCJuM bt l/II'..xoIrd .hlrl:l foou. Arydl NtIto" _a:.t<:UlI>'t dII_01 H....... lltI:htoW_ In~ yon. tor'll:UI>; lbt main ......oJ!htmmmlWon In<>uld k to·<lt.II _dtcqlIIan and 10 mp<lI'Id with truth".

blaqutIl sptal<s IOO"'In&'Y of 1ht0LiWnpraIdm.'. prtttn1.>tlon oJ Iht ItpOft 01 thorCommhslon olTl\I1h and IItmodIlation 10,lit nallOn on teltvbloo. .tonlng on bthIIfot,he OCI'" for hI crlmro. 1lIt lull rtp<>n wu

lETTERS

nIt:,ACt'S: In .......0_ look' 01 !My I",,) It>o w.,p......... _ (1_ IN! sa.."..........~ _ """" of SCMII rtiWtM~ "'" ~~ "'" tOt\of w. Fr_ Wi_._ ....1'ri<M!~ nil P'II """'ll aftt< 124,...,., ~<UrIWMI)o~by"'ne,I'ity_.

__a I"ft(IftlIlImft' '""" Ibt .. ! "'''

.-r~f.lmlly!._~joba drGNl::br, wholllt'_tho

OfI_h lilt !loot; II-.plds"em ... lh...."'Oollllbopion In Idb' 'on: "lbm II an""'IImol II not onIymoral. ThI' monI.,.thcR_ lor~ lllr thot<:>lup;:aI

~_;;;::::;~..;;.:~1M..-_lad 10

sacm ....... '''''' "W lUI ~llon_lie In w11h tho Co<utItutlon, Ito. YOI~!

lotlh dlgn.Ity, land, jobs and <ducJ1Ion',~

'bt; tQlurnnllc I.:owrmtt ""'''''hIer~"'edlIo1, wI\(> b obo 1M IU!ho;x at II M""o:1r,~: St1t11", ill'<'OWIIl> wlrIo r..........

lhal 'hf NW of tn.. ,,'wndli.lllonII tbc ablUty .0U~ In I~munUy_"1M bI!f<ft that. polnt. m- h 1 lot at~1Olk>'!

Nmnoodt Colau. widow ofmurdrmlCndnct KlMsl Fol1 CMau, tri.Ii at hof fi&!l"r-'<lId '*'&hltr wantlna: \I;) know what""""otdlO hu fMIwr. -cu.', youdnw.~b ....1Con~1O"tell ....!'" Ilw<hlld... '" pne. In U...,...,.lfIbol h1Jell Ik&t III DCIIIIUOIllna. _ ......d>IId 1Yd .... it Ed: °Fattan. I am .-Jy 10IIbqM, bull nmlla know whom 10 tc:qt.TMdb-.-

...,. haodIrd. • I'IiUCIn.lIINI!HdIIn&-.-aII.IId lad 10.-..."'"'".......... 11 all.lldMioobt.__,:;i .....~_t' Ia; E..- IIMlon • =.'_lWlonI

~~.~.~~§.E-,e.. ..._-..-~ b__Co"*,,

lotIhuw"" ·", ............ ''''tIlQnbr.wayohr, 4".ClbtnmllO~ •

a..rfa VIUot.VIr.....b~"'....,..- -voy III /Itt~..c., T""",-

,PEAuNG WfT1-l THE PAST: TllUTH~""D RECONaLlAllON IN SOlII1i~edl~ by AIvc lIon.m., Janet~ Ind Rond Schdfft. Jdua. c.~Town, 1994. 1% pigt'S. R49,9S.

IFP scornspoll 'myths'

T I{( Inbtho FI'Ndortl hIfy (lll')vonoryIn K-zuIu/SIW M!~ Ihtdlft(lt'idt,of oplnlon f'OIb Into sIYrp

1'fIItf. ""'" poIb prNiaed u-,~I forlht IFP IWioloI.PJly and 12 pncrnll"U"lndally, IbtpoortYW'On IOpnnnl"'~and .0;0 pnnnt JlI'O"'InNlIy.

ThI' ~rIJJcI the u''''' of p<lpJ.LJowppott lor Ilw IF!' Il<Ol# flOm. _natlonot fKron; III umhll;o,lblf btlltfln opInlor1poll '~'Jon, , lkptrldtncy on unrYllabIeCftIAA ftgu.." .rol • r.ndtncy to btl......mytlu and.'.~1ho mull WI' I ",,"ugcornpl.o<mqr lhor ." IF!' win In KwalulU/Now ..... untlo1ltbbk.

OpInion polio~ I ronllOVftSllol "'"lIm Oilany rionlon .....1".,.., As OM medlo <ynI<"~. polIlIdan. ".1000,..........,......tywtwn ,''''' poedkll vtnory Iof lhdr .......JMIf1. For Ihlo _ polio m"", bt -... In_ Clln'K1_I\rooM. ""' ll~

RnIIy, thty .... 1 .....UlI Oil pobIic:"*""'"_ cion' Mltct ~""""'df--"~Soa>nclIy,..-.y_andfta Iho.......,.

Stunnfdby ....~.....,........... 1:hclW who hid .....Itd IFP_.,.",pu1O-..pq_,U PI f_~

~ oIllw 1Jl'>1nOty..... "c It I"..-plIo_-. Tbdf.lthmtll<dNrty"*t teo Ilbr' ...ClldrOil""....M:di'IOIl..-pllc1(~

No duubllnIIUIcncftl by~ __'="",'1,~.I bndslldt """" INd. IbtIt~ spumedNft)'ftbI: tOdlallcnee...,_odDooal onytho.

~"''''''Imlad <WI dcmonhirlIptt<lO'l.«l ;palIm.

OnE may hl:JiW IlIallhc ff<lllo!d oodil:Illllyelopinion poDI W\II rt>COUlIp II.- '*""'-'

"'__Iatm In lbc~

wbIdllnbmo IDIIdl el thclc~___Soufh Iohlo;a.

Well done, Noby!INVoua M.ay«lltlon lhc '"""" hdd1Incd

-eu. <tip'"w.- mica> Noby Npnbanc'.""Pri.. lllho wattI\ hooplwll)' oIfcM! to._.,<duc:olJon I..... by. group of fatmcn In~1mrol Noby"","",IOI~condUlolon

Ihln "buol"""'",n bt dont" wUII,hc5t pooplt.This w" I~ mcs"fl" I ttk\! to ronvq; '0 an

IdasI .....lsliop on land t...klll IiouwlIori<""'" )'I'ln .,0, but my vk'w> ....... f'C<'dved001t1l-" II _l~known-.Itmi< poumlIO,)fTI on my "'Illf:II1oru Ih.o.l fatmcn InJCfIftai ........... lho~ of Iod<~Iflantl!hl: Ihty I\ad bcm mad< .... 00 be-l'hC' J<lOd $lOi toN mad< up hb mindand _ lObt<Xll'.hL<1Hl~

W.. done, NobylThls rounuy.- optn

mindod Jl"!"lPt IUot youndfwhO will htlp ....u 100...<..... IltIt~GMrcacdd~.-ttIioU b I ftnr ..y 1<>btp1.

Enol Mooouoll-Eye appealT

KA.''XVOUblho~''PJ'C¥'''''

ell) =c'*tloo'-'llU.od It-r_ and pIcIo!d Ihb h:luc Irum I_of

mopzinf'Ion III 1JlPNl1O:tlc~It bIndIeI wd..-l III <un...... wao...tl

1Iid .... II ""' ~1IfIOO""""'L11

Dt"'ocu~Y IN ,",ClIQN. 29

IDASA fl1IJrimm

Highlights 01 100000coming ~ents o.ganjie'd by Ida", Offkes

DIARY

New staff boostregional offices

Durban

LOCALoon~tllOfglIl·I.Uloo. (NGO.), Including

1dnA, wW hol<l • .."..bhop on 11'0<rol. 01 cMI soclMy In prolIlQ\lng.nd ","11'1.11'1"8 oStmoalIcy, _I·opm.nl .nd «eo",true!!on InKwOZUIU/NIlol,

Th. wOlhhop I••1mN .t .11"""-pull"" NGOs and romn,un>ty__ ~tirn> tim -...01 to

"'""" • conll1t>u11oo 10 Ill. lronsl,ion 10 """"""ocy lnd. In ponk'uI.r, '0 ,". Recon'lruellon .ndDevelopment Plog •.,nm•. Th.WOlbhop will ..plore 1M identityof cMI ><><irty In tho ro:glofl .nd

Free Statelanguage

debate

D fMOClI.ATlC teom bulklIrJ4!wtlhin Ih. free St.,. I••n.<tlvlty tho HI<*ml"nt.ln

tum.1 Ida.. hi< btm tn_ In• 11 y.". A. plrt 01 thl. comml,·1tI<111. Ido>o. with the Um-ty 01tho Orange fRO SUt<'. <><pnl>t<l Iworbhop on 17 June to Iool< It ther«ent d.... lopm.nl> .,o"nd lh.lI.n8W8< <jUe>IiOn for tho ''SIon.

Thoo dll PI."I, ollh. LlngUl.8.Focllilltl"n rrogr.mme. Dop.n.menl of G.ne..1Ungul"":>" theunlvonlty••nend<d. oorue«n<e tnM.yenlitled Toward•• r.n SouthAtrkan 1.I"&'UI" iIoon1 kl.aso invlt·ed him to roport to theworlWwp,

Do PIessI. ref.ro:ul to Ihe poln"••1",11 by Wln"le Mondel., the

30· Du.'o~~.cr IN AcnON

wW rnn>ttu<.1 an agenda rot 1''''1lerC'O/UIlltallon.

It will b. held 00 27 july.l tileFullon Tru" Room. Un"., 230St.>"1'" Slfee1 Irom ll.lm 10 ~.JO pm,~ ... RtOropslTOnon I...Fat .-. Jnf'i,>rnwtlon ","10<1 /"''' Of

I'lmko al (0)1) 3t>HIIW3.

Bloemfontein

AFOUIl-DAY !.anguage """I&lopwllJ be h.k1 I""" t ",ugu,1 .,

til. UnJv<l'lty 01 til. 0110"3" FROS.. t._ Il wlll boInl ~Il.' "'1"'".......tI..... fron\ community <><poi...'lon, .nd ImJlry InSlltutlom to

Deputy Mlnhl« 01 Art>, CultuR'.Sdenoe and TechnoIatlr, who pr0

pos«'- that the offIcIl1 promotion.nd p••"Uce 01 multlllngu.lI,mwould I>elp to """" unliinguol"m.

Th. highlight ol'held... work_>hop w•• on >ddrns by A1bl< Soch•.li. gove Ihe 100 l'.rtlclp.nts anIndeplh ICcounl '" the c"mUlution.1 impliclllom 01 thel'''8''I!!e_,•. "No >1M pmon would rushInlo p,Jnt on lh.l.ngull' quo<tion,· ho ..Id. "It I. '" Intrlelt••"d10 !.ad.n wnh .mollon thll you .bol.Ind loo/lend m.ny and pl ..lew. Y<ld<botpth=mu"b<.·

klI.. pion' '0 _ anothtr work·shop >OOn, wI'~ ....,... Input I~lho educauon.1 SKt<><....heP< ""'"'_~ .. tho olfictaI Jangu;lge fo< thopr"vln"••nd I~. m~lum "'1"'ltu<1l<>n will be' _,.... ~ IlnIIf<llO'l w!ll tllon b< drown up.ndpcosentell to lbe .....1. />ef"", thoJO October 1994 dl-.dllne.

<ll>ru<. ,.... lulm< 01 Scu,h Atrkao-..• An t<lUCltlOO m.n.g.men'

wod,,,hop Will be Il.ld In the IK·on<! ....... of August. 'The wo<kshopwlll .0I!>le t<l"".'lon IOIOag." _In,p«Ior> an<! 1C'h00! prlndpol' ~to dLsaw <lr1rtoctotl<~tof~l """"""'"

• A series of <oo,munlly-poIl<Ing wo.k,llop. will I>< h.ldtltl<Ju&hout t.... Orang>' """ State InJuly .nd AUlu". Communlly"'Y'nlsotlo", lnd koo.J poll"" offi·clll, will eom. lalelh., In theQwoQ..-l/B<Ihlel>em "'" 1o dJ><w.sOOItlmwttty poIlCin& fron\ 13 «> HJuly. Tbl. will be ,epelt.d 10BOllhob.lo On 27 July .nd InFranldon on 3 Augu.t.

At. joint~ from I] 10 14.lUll"". portldp.nu !rom oil t~town, wJII dl.cu... ,elton.1.PJ""*h to community p;:tJdng,

Port ElizabethA SYMPOSIUM on d.m""..llC

.t'\J.ron.IUon wlll be' held In I'orI~h tn Augu'" 'The 11m will b<to ....pl.aln lho dI.l",.. ta~"3pi""In 1oc.1 lI""""'ment 10 tho ............,.

"'" fi<rlhtr "'Mill """<>1'1 S<lndy III(1)1 1/55-3301 .

I lJASA'S "'ork in tn••r.l. "Icummunl,y polkl....nd it.,,1goy..nmenl H.lnlOIIll, bot'n

I><>o>lfd by the amvl! of "'" ,.".Il m.ml>et. - Mdudur.l Mo.hJ·yaM tn Pmorla lnd jotl ~Usm.oSol!.a In BIotmfon..rn.

Mdodw:t Ills l»:n 'ppoInted ..pr<>!o<l ro-on1in.il'" and will brinehis sldI1s to lise ......ol~·If poIidrl8.

Mdudud m."lcul,led In ~t1...h<>ngln 1986••nd ......' on tOwoRon the mIn•• as.n .nglnee,lng1<>10" .nd ,h.n n. mi"lon.ry"",k., 101" lilt Unlflnll<>n Church.Alter. tlm. d.aflinllnl"''' to t~.

multI-polly MlollaUu", lor thoJ;;...~l< low",m.nl. he relu,ned to KltJ.1>Qn1 wh..... h.l><c>"",tn.....-.d In Ioco.I pel<'< "nxt,.,..

Pretoriaj VOR)mIdrn, dkoaor of the Idoo

PrttOfl1 0If1"", will Iud.01 promln.nt South AI,'c,."Inchldlng mIni"... and m....t>r"01 r.rlum.nt on an Inte.n,tIonoi,_.

The- Il'OO1' Will ...ml... <Ul>ti\a.tlon.1 modeh In CIO.....Swlne,l.nd Ind G.,mony TboJlea... on 17 .1"3"'"

Western Cape

A LOCAL IIOVftlln,.n, lnlor....lion wod:.shop Will b< _ III

tho Saorthom Cope town of Rl.......dol on IlJuly.

At the ..",bOOp non.".lulorybodlt. f,om Hlversd.1. Alben'n,""" tho ~ngtownswill.ru'" omenl """'Iopn'lmu In locolgovrn,ltI<'O~

",. w<>lbtlop ..Ill 1'1.« locllgo....nm.nt In I b~.. <em,"",

Ind look .1 the concopt of local~.,

• Th. w....." Clpe will titlnvltl"ll you.h 10 p",Ue1pot. Irl •worl:.shop In Auaust on how ywlllcan OOIt<rlbute to local democracy,

!'or fiRIh<r "'/<lib ron'''''' St:onoroQ/ (021) 47·/280,

ThnJU3h his wo<k In morutorlflgand rufdl.lIon Ihe.. h. met upwith ...ff ",.ml><.. of Jd••• ',l'r<1ort.a oIflc. wI><> In>'llN Ilim tofoIn !heir t..m.

JMI. nlckn.m.d ·Chln." ~1

kIISI staff. I. tmpl<>yed 1\.1..1....lor tho I<>;aI governmenl P'O'f«-'IIn"'"_S.....

,10<1 !los ....., octl.... ill <Me SllUC·,,.,.. In 'ho F... Slit. sin« 1989.In 1991 h. WI> .1«1t<l '"Ilonold.puty .«ret.ry 01 ,h. SouthAI,inn Nalional Civic O'g.nl.SllIon .od In 1993 h..d.d I"'"3l"'1lI orpnbing dPpmmmt.

In 19'14 h. lolned tho lnde·pend.nt Forum for Elee,onlf.d'u<:Ition .. a fodlitatOf and w.,iovolvt<l In vol<t educ.tlon pro~

IDASA ~CfmJlj

Jk. 'No place forperpetual revolution'

Talks fosterKathorus forums

IIf; <Irbot. obout .._ thofJlu..", capt mould bo one

li.i~'. two '.glom .... hl>l<><r,

prnnlot Raymond Mlllat>IIDId 0 1faIl' rnofllng ellho Eulem

'1'< [conurnlc D."Olopm.ntIb<um- Th. ctWlcnge now .... fo<

"'" ptOJJIo el tM rogIoo 10 wcd........ kl<<Iow~~

0>nftmIlnll III. CUW'lC\l', COOlmlt__ 10 tM ANC'. Rcc'ooIlNCIIon...~ On.lopm.n' Prog"mm.IlPP). h...Id lh., II .... no' •iltgolclobl< dorum.nl .nd It> 1l.K"_

.... '" lollur...oul~ h."•• plOl>;ood df..e. On • lutur. S<>u'hA/ria. Ocvelopm"ll r<:qUlrod com.........t hom on acrounubl< andlJ&mI""""l so-nm.,U••rId Ihttt

no pIoa lot COtT\Ijltko'lIN m!>......~r of taxpoym' o,o""Y.

MllI.bo .d",o..l~ II>< "n.1-.ollht tradlllonal foIl.tm Coptw.. _ hom HIJtIUZi>obp to tiltfbi> tl_l. poInllng 0111 thot thoIIICn» ol,ho _ ..p.n dopend_

POLICE_community fo.um.b.". bun 10noN III Katl._h<ln& 1lo>I«wr .ndV~

"""""Ips, .1bIna OIlt a proem atC'Onsulto,l"" bet....,n ""IICO .nd..."'munlll •• , Launcll.d In F.b"'*'Y. lIW JIfOCf'>' .... 'nitla'NI byIdno. 'M WII>_V..I P.... S<c,e....., and ochn non·8'O"""Mltntol--WlIh rb< ~tb> <It crIm< and..... I.nce In Kill.llunS. ThoLozoand Voslooru. on Ih. Eon Randrcoll«U"dy knOWII 0' K•• horu.}ond,~ lock el .11....,,,,, poIlel,,&lnII rb< tonUfIuIIll)' .nd lb.~1nII><d lbat rb< only ".y to ooIwtil. p,ol>l.m "OS 10 odd,." I.-..

I...... Il><m"", tonducted wort._Jh.ops lor _10 ond [lOI1a from'I>< IocoJ polk. >to,lom on ,.f.ryand .......1)' 1M m. community andfhepolld", 'W"" In 'ho aseo.

1'ht poolll"" 'l'irlt during .11...,WOd>Io:lp. india"'" ••/>al<'\l _.TlIlnotion l<l _ 'og<tll.. '0 nndOD/Iltlotts. Db<ulSiom .-led,lI..'h. pollco .<copl.d Ih. netd 10<tIonv theI• .>ltuoCture ond broom<

NI to • laI1< ...,...n ou rIM'~ITIOII' el this portIcuLa.......

Tn>ublf'll 1'1' tho rK..,1 'P'" of.lrtl<el oil """" lho E.'''.m Copt. Ii-..pr=>ieI ClNtUnlnNl hi. go.onulTlOlltto octl", .. 0 ClIWy>llo bnns oboo'pt.e<. ond ".bility, H. >old ,II.~

"'•• no lOng.' pl.ce In tho no"Sourh Aht<. lor pt-rpeIuol r"""'u·llon. Allltough "<1m "'.,. • I<'PIrlgh' 01 ..orko". 'h.y ,h""ld beusN only "'" reson.

Mhlaba Id ,h. provincial gov_..n"""'l "'1'l'oltl>" ,ho om.lpmolion 01 tIM'~t Iorurm eltho formet E.,'.,n capt. Bo,"erond Kel ('he ore., pr.vlou,lykno"'n os Bo,do., Clok.1 andnomkol), ond no'"" .hot mo",,,tow.,,!> lnl.S,",ion w.,. ollead~

un<lor ...y. '"'" forum.~ contin.... to >tMco thtit areo.I~.<lm'1y bu, wouJd ..... 0 coll_ctl""10. dn_lol'men' of ,II...hul.

""""R.glon.l mln"t.r lor L"".I

""""~t .nd comul...u....."'1tlIe lhey ",,,,ted. ch.\~ In 'lI<,,,ltude 0I1he communities .nd"""" opo>nne» and~ ttlpoIk:o "''''''Ipllon...

Th.i> >pIrIt led '0 !he fumu.tXm at,h. communlty-polltt lorum. In_h el tilt thr.., t-...trlpo. EachI<>rum h...M """king tIo<um.nlproduced by tb......kobo'" " ,

-~~Community 1""'''' r&ng!ng from

bu.lnes>.nd <hutch or~.nl..,\oI"'0 tilt ervl<:'s .nd youtb ,,1tKft1...... ..".....,rNl '" 11..... foNm>. .,.,. poIJtk:a1organ~

Wltllin lho forum. Ih< commun~ty <3n ...J......"" <fter:>"""'"'" 01tilt pol" """"" and make ",""",rnmdatlom to Ii-.. rommand """'"lW'C- TogI'lltcr wilh Ih< pollet. !It<<ommunlty II.. ldcollfl.d .,••,Ih.' ••• nash polnl> lor "Iol<nee

Go"ernm.n' and !tou.lnl MnMomoo< 1<1 hI> gooo<nllTlOllt r«og-nbOO 'M U- forunu~In loct1Itotlng broad ron><n.u, 00

drwloprrttn' ol tM.-.gioo' and ><f.

'ng ... ".h'e" 10' "oldnl <on""""'. It wu ,hrm'on' 'mprxton. '0t<to1n ""'" In."'ulloo,. lit ...~.

Tobll< Mlllalo. regIOnal mlnls,t.'(10' Puhll. Wo.k., ,uU..,.d •~ oonlrr<n«' '0 lormul.,••"gIOIIal .tr.,ogy 10. Impl.n...." .."on 01 til. RDP. Thl. II., b<.npbJUlN 10.. III.. <bl•.

AmorlJI ""I""'""to.r,.." from bu»......nd I.bour to .'t""d ,1t.1orwttm...ln~ w.. M."ln Kuhl., 01T.lkom, who h.mkd over ochrq""01 R~O 000 10' 'he ">lum·. JobC,u"on TrU1l. An Ind.ptnd.nlO...I0l>m.n. Tru.1 ,.p,•••nt>,I~••IInoulletd tllotlundlnS 01RlOO 000 '0' lhe p,ol«l h.d t>«naP!="N In prInctp1o.

ill< f"""" 'PIN'O'"'''' puhllCll'1onol i .-.n:h .rudy of tho~

.nd Ira. wort«! OIl' plan. 101 'h<In,,,,,,,",,1on ol mo<. vbIb1< poIkIn~ 1M til..., "''', TIl..., lodud.1'0'101., som. of 'h.m conduc,""jorntly, OJXI. unUl 1""1""~ ...,Ion••tt buill. lho estol>l1ohmm' ot....lli.. poIn ".tn\. 1M ...... that... I.. Imm ,he main ".tlon.

10 ,,,,,,,,l..tkln ..Itl> tilt Mlnl>tty"" Sof",}· and S<cu~1)' ,he koums,ro ....Irill up. fN08tRrnn>I' '0 con_"",.t< UI<g'l fi .....rm'.nd ntlWl"the SolI DofnJ« Unit> and tho hoo'e1-a113t>ed SolI I_1M Unit> In"",,. productl...nd """"ruct!>'_-An Import.nt "pee! of bulkllns'M rdollorulllp _n ,1M'~.aod ,h. rommunUy " 10 )nfo,m,II. community ._t til. polleeunits oprtl'lng In tIM' .....nd l(l

..p'.'n pollee pu,••dulO_ Th.10fum. I,.", 01", 'd.n"l1«1 'h.

.IGIONAl ...on,

m.nl prolll. <>I 1M Elr,'<JII C."..comm1o>.l",,"" 'h'. ru, .nd e<)l)

_ by li-..ln>l!tu'" lor Monnlnfl-.,.h •• ,I>< Un,,,,,.>Ily of """t:Ilz.abcth. The nut ""p In tll< "'<Ilk01 1M f<Kum !> '0 ..II" In Ill< o>tol>Ih/trn<on, of otlke> In rb< runoI .....01 tho Elrllem Copt.

S<>mIY 1>'....R~I .-.>«<11""'01, Purr EJiblb<rh

no«! '0 ed ....t. ,b. communityaboul Ih.<I, I»>l< t\8h,~

The fIodgoU"lI forums .,.. ho........ ladng .1Ie1. n"t difficulties.Fl.....ncIoI con«taln.. 'tt b<oIJIlI Iolt.nd ,he m...I"" p,o!.......hl.h,~... fo.um, mu1l und.n.k. "Utti, .111IO .", to "" mol r>«<l l(l ""

~

TIl. n.atlotul JUI<loUn.. foe tM.....", up 01 forum. at "'""'Y polinstation (a, ttqulItd 1'1' tb< InhrlmCon"ltu'",nl It>.". nnly fOC.nllyI>tt'n ,.1 nd ,II. POW" theforum III h",',.•nd ho'" lh.,... III bo ""Ioin«l. "UI It>.. to ""-Tho~ " to -P'J"I'<>' !hecommunities '" ,Ito, II'"}' <3n kWltll 11M' poll« 'n a "",.U"" y_n.. ren.wal 01 vlol<r'I« In 'T1><>l:.ollr..1<1 ..,..,. ""'" 01 KatI<floog I""'"o ",Iou. <lan.g~' ". ,h). ltJlI ".ryfragrl< procn> and ..Ill >erV< a••test 10 .....ltcrlltt ,It< It>rums <:on<lo.1 wi.h lit< ..nom bo"", fodng'ho commun"ko.

O!MOCUO 'N ACtlON· 11

MYVIEW

Restoration

It 1'llgnUkant fot .... that Hanekom milk hI< flr>l public .I¥aran«Iat IUenw""naak. In lib sr-1> M ...kllMt tlte 1lIerm·.....aak co.. heldpr>IJ'lcal ,",,,,"5 lora lrt<!. <lI'mr>r,atl< Soulb Mtlca

1lII' cflo'I>fatJons.t ~vasm..k look~ as part ofan blslorkronvmtion MId In Upinglon be1..--.m 17 .nd 2J M.y 1994. IIl"f'1nentillves of Ute <l1'fl"1'Cd p!'Oflic: of Riemvasmaak con,-etged on1M Nortllfln ca"" town from .1I "'"'"Soulb Africa .nd NamlbLLI'ftlpIt of.n age goo", "..rt ,b=.

111t're wa,onil" """,..,al Item on lt1t~ de1ennJnlng the futurtlilite place IlIemvasrnakm hi... never stopptd raIJlng h".".. TIt. fIlt'I't.1"8 "'... bu>lnessll"" <Je.pite Ihe elallon r>f Ute people. Trus~we",.lected forth. Rl<mvasmaaJ< Communlly DewJopmmlTtust. wllll thedyn.mk.nd 1'"'8....;"" freddie Ro<rnan t\<octaI a. <:hallpmon.

Various cotnmino:esofUte tm" bav. bem glven rnpon,lblJlty for a,"lfiety of ta<ks, wbipmml pl-an. for lite am.nd J>i"nnlng ,be .........'100 nI rtlUtn<'O:\.u.. p1annl"3l'fOC"S' l> Of 1Iltdvanc:ed"'"8".

U It """"", ...ougIt support, 'II' aim ol the trust I, '" Crt'" npport...rUt"'tor people 10 Improvt' 'II' qualltyoflltelt 11"", and to h.lp Uttm.,'m Utt'!t pIa<1' ..itb prldean<l dignity In lhe new South AhIca.

The 001)" <emah\1ng, fly In lhe oIntmenl b wlta, rned ,,, be the So4JlhAfti<an Defm<:. Fort--. (SADfI, IbJrI"8 lite l""'" 01 ow~ lhl'SADF rned Rkttwasnl.-ak ko' lRlnlng .n~ 011,., mUlwy acth1tks.It:avlJ13. "all of dangerous <IebrIs t>:hlnd It. 1lII'.rea b 01111 SIt....n wllllbDrnbs and Olhe, U"" rxplo$l......

ObviowIy tlu. 1<. problem ofgnV\' COftCl'nt and It> removal be«enrJal~~""""..k can be ""'<nd '" lhe propIe In facI .._11 as In law, 1lII' Cnrrrm;"1on on lJutd AllocaUoo reoommended IbiI'th. SADF be ~ultro to pick up ,bel, """'" Col<.>tSC'I ) M.lan 0I1f>eUpnl(tr>n.!>ased I'.lgb' South AfI'lcal11nfartl'l' prornl..,.j thai th.J. WIltlIdbe don<' by I JUM I 99~, Bul oo .....arI"8 opetlltk>n bas begulL

lbJ< lOrry .nd dlWa<rlu1 st". of offal" Isas been brougItt 10 ,heOltettUoo 01 bot" It.. Mlo.lstctofl~ and lht Mlni>tet rtf lal1~Altal,,- In tlte meantime we ..·.11.

Dnplte Ihe bombs -and In a ,",'.y they are tlte approprla'e Ia"remnant rtf a >1Clous period of ItlstQl)' _ tIili 1<. time oIl<>Y aOO'banbslvlJ13 for lhe prop'" of Rleowurnaak. It 1'1 rlghl rhll I on<! lhl'lllttide bye'presslng Out deep Utanb to 1M Indlt'!"ual, who advUrd ...and 10 the nun"flO"etIlmentIJ organh.allons_ Legal Rc>ource> Centre,SurpI'" PropI<'S Project and the !.and D<:vriopm<.'111 Unlt_ tor 'belr<upport and help. TIl

Kattf DIt,,,,,,ah I""No m SI Marla Gortttl Primmy SCho<>Iln AlI,JfUbit'ami I' J«tTf<UyoffM R......"'''Mal Cttmm~"iry~" TrI«'.

ITRAINlDln 11Ienw:wnaakon lMdaytill> <nmmunlty Wi< Joro>d 10 """"'.1lII' poopJ<> l!Iougbt II was_ sign UlatII"')' woukI ~"Iow«!10 .uy bul •.ut...mpk'Y'.....Id, 'E:wn 111M Lord

I1Jms<>Jfrom",down you wtll "'" IIIO\'N, •By Karel D. mar.1t .n~ M"'" r\8.h.1.

I .01 0lH' dillo vICtIm. oIlhll slwndulrmK1Y_1: ont oIlh< mlUlQn. wOO:!e f_mll~

and rommunlt........rt lor" 'pol" by lht hal>h. law. oI'l"'nh<ld. w.........., loom 700 t.mllll':s.oo lhal ht.nbr.-.l:iJ13"me was IW<)~"SO. I h.ad IU>l ron\pI<:IN malll< III 1971.nd my plan was t".!lend lheCoI~oIf.dUGItlonIn Oudl&hoom In 1974. MlnU.... afi... I leftko'Ou<l"bootn oor bou~w., burned 00wn b)·ll'J'..mJn<'111....,p~

DurtJ13 Iho... ~." I ""w my partn" .nd ttlt "'" of my !amil>· onlyon<;t. year. They were rt\ool"<l tQ Namlbi. bul I UilJ"'d on In SoutbAfrlc••1Ia campl"'l,,! my.~My """ber, ftJur brotIton and two,bl." SIll! live In Nunihl> '" all tb_ Y"'" I Ita"" tta_ JOOOOI:meoch Itm. I wanled to .... my f.mll~ _ and "'metlnleS ko' fIlntt.b.

M.ny people di"<l.way from tbclr homrlInd In lOO:!e ye......ufltr·Ing no! Imm r",,", llbw>s 01 old oge but from tb. yeaml"8 10 return tolht land oIthl'it blrtll. lhI'i, bodl.. lie In NamlbIa 01 Ciskel. for fromthe place of tllt'!t l"'.mlng. Ilhlnk .......lally of my falb.r.w~SIt.1Itar wn tbat he wouJd br l>urled In tlte aHen .011 of Namibia.

Uk. '" many Ollt..... h. n...'I" come 10 a«:ep\'" bl, horn. the foreignpIa<1' wben' he .....~I 10 live. My father plea<lal "" hi1 deatbbedto be 1>ur\ed In Riomv.......k. h w;lS. whh 'ha' 10 m)· """'... I C(JU1dno! loin!.

Bul "" n",,,, gave up h.ope 01 going bKk and"" """'" Stopptd suug$llng ko' lhe n:!um nI ow WId. Twen,y J"'at1 art... "" ..- _ frornOUt h.<>meo <ha, stntggl< "nally )'Ield"<! a ba""",t. On II r-.bnwy 1994.Rlen,................. r<'turned ,,, II> rtglltrul <tWI>I'tS.

On 21 Ma)" 1994 rl<'~I" '" lht 1tJ"",,,,,,,,,.ken '1,U"<l11Imwaomaa!<. Ir was a mom.1Hou. 0CCISI0ft. Teat> r>f joy .nd SW<'eIrntmOfIf:t "'- sJ'wlod. Families and ftlmd. w= "",nlted lor lhe n",lime In many ~full"""--

f'Jderty~ got down "" 'heir k.ne<>.nd klsoed ,he ground or,brew .way 'heir walking ."lel" and joined lb. famow "Nama.slap"dance, Kons S1enrkamp from Korip> SlY' blo foot Ita> bem miraatlou..Iy h.eaJed Wt<"t M~ I'" lite first drne In hi1 Uro. on <ha' day.

We.....,... also honoured by Il.. 1''''''''''-"'' nI Nuttllfln ca~pmnk'tMatmr D1pko and natk>naltand Alfal" MinI'll'"~k tl.""kom, 1lII'two""'" Impressed and Inspired by 1M courage oflhe Rkmvasrnakena"d panJclpared jo}'fully In a nadltlr>nal No.... """,,,lOfty.

of Riemvasmaakends the heartbreaking time

32· DE.MOC~'C¥ IN ACTtON

· pdf filevol8no41sjuly1994 journal of the institute for d£mocracv in south africa...

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