judaism

2) Guided Reading NotesI) Principles of Judaism (p.28)1) In 63 BC, Rome captured , the capital of the Jewish state of Judea.2) Jewish religious Kings had ruled Judea for about 100 years.3) Unlike other people of the Roman Empire, Jews prayed to one .4) Jewish ancient beliefs evolved into the religion: . II) Ancient Israelites (p.28-29)a) Basics1) In ancient history, Jews were known as H and I (people of Israel).2) Most info about Israelites comes from the .3) is the Jews’ religious book. It is basically the old testament of the Bible.b) Migrating People1) According to the Torah, Abraham lived near Ur in (Iraq)2) About BC, Abraham and family migrated herding sheep & goat west to Canaan3) In Canaan, near the East Mediterranean coast, Abraham found the Nation.4) Book of says a famine forced Israelites to migrate to . 5) Israelites were in Egypt for 400 years.6) Finally, an Israelite named led his people into exodus (escape) to Canaan.

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2) Guided Reading NotesI) Principles of Judaism (p.28)1) In 63 BC, Rome captured Jerusalem, the capital of the Jewish state of Judea.2) Jewish religious Kings had ruled Judea for about 100 years.3) Unlike other people of the Roman Empire, Jews prayed to one .4) Jewish ancient beliefs evolved into the religion: . II) Ancient Israelites (p.28-29)a) Basics1) In ancient history, Jews were known as H and I (people of Israel).2) Most info about Israelites comes from the .3) is the Jews’ religious book. It is basically the old testament of the Bible.b) Migrating People1) According to the Torah, Abraham lived near Ur in (Iraq)2) About BC, Abraham and family migrated herding sheep & goat west to Canaan3) In Canaan, near the East Mediterranean coast, Abraham found the Nation.4) Book of says a famine forced Israelites to migrate to . 5) Israelites were in Egypt for 400 years.6) Finally, an Israelite named led his people into exodus (escape) to Canaan.

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2) Guided Reading NotesI) Principles of Judaism (p.28)1) In 63 BC, Rome captured Jerusalem, the capital of the Jewish state of Judea.2) Jewish religious Kings had ruled Judea for about 100 years.3) Unlike other people of the Roman Empire, Jews prayed to one God.4) Jewish ancient beliefs evolved into the religion: . II) Ancient Israelites (p.28-29)a) Basics1) In ancient history, Jews were known as H and I (people of Israel).2) Most info about Israelites comes from the .3) is the Jews’ religious book. It is basically the old testament of the Bible.b) Migrating People1) According to the Torah, Abraham lived near Ur in (Iraq)2) About BC, Abraham and family migrated herding sheep & goat west to Canaan3) In Canaan, near the East Mediterranean coast, Abraham found the Nation.4) Book of says a famine forced Israelites to migrate to . 5) Israelites were in Egypt for 400 years.6) Finally, an Israelite named led his people into exodus (escape) to Canaan.

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2) Guided Reading NotesI) Principles of Judaism (p.28)1) In 63 BC, Rome captured Jerusalem, the capital of the Jewish state of Judea.2) Jewish religious Kings had ruled Judea for about 100 years.3) Unlike other people of the Roman Empire, Jews prayed to one God.4) Jewish ancient beliefs evolved into the religion: Judaism II) Ancient Israelites (p.28-29)a) Basics1) In ancient history, Jews were known as H and I (people of Israel).2) Most info about Israelites comes from the .3) is the Jews’ religious book. It is basically the old testament of the Bible.b) Migrating People1) According to the Torah, Abraham lived near Ur in (Iraq)2) About BC, Abraham and family migrated herding sheep & goat west to Canaan3) In Canaan, near the East Mediterranean coast, Abraham found the Nation.4) Book of says a famine forced Israelites to migrate to . 5) Israelites were in Egypt for 400 years.6) Finally, an Israelite named led his people into exodus (escape) to Canaan.

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2) Guided Reading NotesI) Principles of Judaism (p.28)1) In 63 BC, Rome captured Jerusalem, the capital of the Jewish state of Judea.2) Jewish religious Kings had ruled Judea for about 100 years.3) Unlike other people of the Roman Empire, Jews prayed to one God.4) Jewish ancient beliefs evolved into the religion: Judaism II) Ancient Israelites (p.28-29)a) Basics1) In ancient history, Jews were known as Hebrews and Israelites (people of Israel).2) Most info about Israelites comes from the .3) is the Jews’ religious book. It is basically the old testament of the Bible.b) Migrating People1) According to the Torah, Abraham lived near Ur in (Iraq)2) About BC, Abraham and family migrated herding sheep & goat west to Canaan3) In Canaan, near the East Mediterranean coast, Abraham found the Nation.4) Book of says a famine forced Israelites to migrate to . 5) Israelites were in Egypt for 400 years.6) Finally, an Israelite named led his people into exodus (escape) to Canaan.

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2) Guided Reading NotesI) Principles of Judaism (p.28)1) In 63 BC, Rome captured Jerusalem, the capital of the Jewish state of Judea.2) Jewish religious Kings had ruled Judea for about 100 years.3) Unlike other people of the Roman Empire, Jews prayed to one God.4) Jewish ancient beliefs evolved into the religion: Judaism II) Ancient Israelites (p.28-29)a) Basics1) In ancient history, Jews were known as Hebrews and Israelites (people of Israel).2) Most info about Israelites comes from the Torah.3) is the Jews’ religious book. It is basically the old testament of the Bible.b) Migrating People1) According to the Torah, Abraham lived near Ur in (Iraq)2) About BC, Abraham and family migrated herding sheep & goat west to Canaan3) In Canaan, near the East Mediterranean coast, Abraham found the Nation.4) Book of says a famine forced Israelites to migrate to . 5) Israelites were in Egypt for 400 years.6) Finally, an Israelite named led his people into exodus (escape) to Canaan.

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2) Guided Reading NotesI) Principles of Judaism (p.28)1) In 63 BC, Rome captured Jerusalem, the capital of the Jewish state of Judea.2) Jewish religious Kings had ruled Judea for about 100 years.3) Unlike other people of the Roman Empire, Jews prayed to one God.4) Jewish ancient beliefs evolved into the religion: Judaism II) Ancient Israelites (p.28-29)a) Basics1) In ancient history, Jews were known as Hebrews and Israelites (people of Israel).2) Most info about Israelites comes from the Torah.3) Torah is the Jews’ religious book. It is basically the old testament of the Bible.b) Migrating People1) According to the Torah, Abraham lived near Ur in (Iraq)2) About BC, Abraham and family migrated herding sheep & goat west to Canaan3) In Canaan, near the East Mediterranean coast, Abraham found the Nation.4) Book of says a famine forced Israelites to migrate to . 5) Israelites were in Egypt for 400 years.6) Finally, an Israelite named led his people into exodus (escape) to Canaan.

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2) Guided Reading NotesI) Principles of Judaism (p.28)1) In 63 BC, Rome captured Jerusalem, the capital of the Jewish state of Judea.2) Jewish religious Kings had ruled Judea for about 100 years.3) Unlike other people of the Roman Empire, Jews prayed to one God.4) Jewish ancient beliefs evolved into the religion: Judaism II) Ancient Israelites (p.28-29)a) Basics1) In ancient history, Jews were known as Hebrews and Israelites (people of Israel).2) Most info about Israelites comes from the Torah.3) Torah is the Jews’ religious book. It is basically the old testament of the Bible.b) Migrating People1) According to the Torah, Abraham lived near Ur in Mesopotamia (Iraq)2) About BC, Abraham and family migrated herding sheep & goat west to Canaan3) In Canaan, near the East Mediterranean coast, Abraham found the Nation.4) Book of says a famine forced Israelites to migrate to . 5) Israelites were in Egypt for 400 years.6) Finally, an Israelite named led his people into exodus (escape) to Canaan.

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2) Guided Reading NotesI) Principles of Judaism (p.28)1) In 63 BC, Rome captured Jerusalem, the capital of the Jewish state of Judea.2) Jewish religious Kings had ruled Judea for about 100 years.3) Unlike other people of the Roman Empire, Jews prayed to one God.4) Jewish ancient beliefs evolved into the religion: Judaism II) Ancient Israelites (p.28-29)a) Basics1) In ancient history, Jews were known as Hebrews and Israelites (people of Israel).2) Most info about Israelites comes from the Torah.3) Torah is the Jews’ religious book. It is basically the old testament of the Bible.b) Migrating People1) According to the Torah, Abraham lived near Ur in Mesopotamia (Iraq)2) About 2000 BC, Abraham and family migrated herding sheep & goat west to

Canaan3) In Canaan, near the East Mediterranean coast, Abraham found the Nation.4) Book of says a famine forced Israelites to migrate to . 5) Israelites were in Egypt for 400 years.6) Finally, an Israelite named led his people into exodus (escape) to Canaan.

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Canaan3) In Canaan, near the East Mediterranean coast, Abraham found the Israelite Nation.4) Book of says a famine forced Israelites to migrate to . 5) Israelites were in Egypt for 400 years.6) Finally, an Israelite named led his people into exodus (escape) to Canaan.

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Canaan3) In Canaan, near the East Mediterranean coast, Abraham found the Israelite Nation.4) Book of Genesis says a famine forced Israelites to migrate to . 5) Israelites were in Egypt for 400 years.6) Finally, an Israelite named led his people into exodus (escape) to Canaan.

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Canaan3) In Canaan, near the East Mediterranean coast, Abraham found the Israelite Nation.4) Book of Genesis says a famine forced Israelites to migrate to Egypt. 5) Israelites were in Egypt for 400 years.6) Finally, an Israelite named led his people into exodus (escape) to Canaan.

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Canaan3) In Canaan, near the East Mediterranean coast, Abraham found the Israelite Nation.4) Book of Genesis says a famine forced Israelites to migrate to Egypt. 5) Israelites were enslaved in Egypt for 400 years.6) Finally, an Israelite named led his people into exodus (escape) to Canaan.

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Canaan3) In Canaan, near the East Mediterranean coast, Abraham found the Israelite Nation.4) Book of Genesis says a famine forced Israelites to migrate to Egypt. 5) Israelites were enslaved in Egypt for 400 years.6) Finally, an Israelite named Moses led his people into exodus (escape) to Canaan.

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2) Guided Reading NotesII) Ancient Israelites (p.29)b) Kingdom of Israel

1) By BC, the Israelites had set up a K called Israel in Canaan.

2) King united the feuding Israelite tribes into a single nation.

3) David’s son, built a massive temple dedicated to .

4) Solomon tried to improve Israel’s situation by negotiating with powerful empires in:

i) E ii) M .

c) Division and Conquest

6) In BC, Israelites fall to , warriors w/ weapons from Mesopotamia

7) Later, Empire defeat the Empire.

8) In 586 BC, the Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar:

i) Destroyed great T of Solomon ii) sent Israelites into near Babylon

9) Years later, P ruler Cyrus conquered Babylon and Israelites

10) Many returned to Judea became known as J where they lived under P rule

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1) King Solomon built J . into an impressive capital

5) Division makes Israelites weak to i .

4) Kingdom split:i) I = North ii) J = South

3) This led to r .

2) Solomon’s building projects required: i) Heavy ii) e labor


1) By 1000 BC, the Israelites had set up a K called Israel in Canaan.




i) E ii) M .








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3) This led to r .



1) By 1000 BC, the Israelites had set up a Kingdom called Israel in Canaan.




i) E ii) M .








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3) This led to r .




2) King David united the feuding Israelite tribes into a single nation.



i) E ii) M .








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3) This led to r .





3) David’s son, Solomon built a massive temple dedicated to .


i) E ii) M .








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3) This led to r .





3) David’s son, Solomon built a massive temple dedicated to God.


i) E ii) M .








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3) This led to r .







i) Egypt ii) Mesopotamia








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3) This led to r .















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1) King Solomon built Jerusalem into an impressive capital



3) This led to r .















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3) This led to r .

2) Solomon’s building projects required: i) Heavy taxes ii) e labor














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3) This led to r .

2) Solomon’s building projects required: i) Heavy taxes ii) enslaved labor














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3) This led to revolts















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4) Kingdom split:i) Israel = North ii) Judah = South
















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5) Division makes Israelites weak to invaders











6) In 722 BC, Israelites fall to , warriors w/ weapons from Mesopotamia






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4) Solomon tried to improve Israel’s situation by negotiating with powerful empires in: i) Egypt ii) Mesopotamia


6) In 722 BC, Israelites fall to Assyrians, warriors w/ weapons from Mesopotamia






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6) In 722 BC, Israelites fall to Assyrians, warriors w/ iron weapons from Mesopotamia






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7) Later, Babylonian Empire defeat the Empire.





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7) Later, Babylonian Empire defeat the Assyrian Empire.





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i) Destroyed great Temple of Solomon ii) sent Israelites into near Babylon



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i) Destroyed great temple of Solomon ii) sent Israelites into exile near Babylon



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9) Years later, Persian ruler Cyrus conquered Babylon and Israelites


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9) Years later, Persian ruler Cyrus conquered Babylon and freed Israelites


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10) Many returned to Judea became known as Jews where they lived under P rule

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10) Many returned to Judea became known as Jews where they lived under Persian rule

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) H and f are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and s , e , p lives3) Each historical event reflected ’s plan for them.4) Modern J after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were M – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made c (promise & agreement), with A and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To them ii) provide a h .3) Canaan was the “p land” 4) People had to remain f and o to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s People to fulfill worldly duties.d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “I ”3) Consists of 5 books i) G ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) History and f are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and s , e , p lives3) Each historical event reflected ’s plan for them.4) Modern J after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were M – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made c (promise & agreement), with A and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To them ii) provide a h .3) Canaan was the “p land” 4) People had to remain f and o to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s People to fulfill worldly duties.d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “I ”3) Consists of 5 books i) G ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) History and faith are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and s , e , p lives3) Each historical event reflected ’s plan for them.4) Modern J after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were M – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made c (promise & agreement), with A and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To them ii) provide a h .3) Canaan was the “p land” 4) People had to remain f and o to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s People to fulfill worldly duties.d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “I ”3) Consists of 5 books i) G ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) History and faith are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and social, e , p lives3) Each historical event reflected ’s plan for them.4) Modern J after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were M – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made c (promise & agreement), with A and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To them ii) provide a h .3) Canaan was the “p land” 4) People had to remain f and o to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s People to fulfill worldly duties.d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “I ”3) Consists of 5 books i) G ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) History and faith are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and social, economic, p lives3) Each historical event reflected ’s plan for them.4) Modern J after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were M – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made c (promise & agreement), with A and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To them ii) provide a h .3) Canaan was the “p land” 4) People had to remain f and o to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s People to fulfill worldly duties.d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “I ”3) Consists of 5 books i) G ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) History and faith are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and social, economic, political lives3) Each historical event reflected ’s plan for them.4) Modern J after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were M – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made c (promise & agreement), with A and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To them ii) provide a h .3) Canaan was the “p land” 4) People had to remain f and o to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s People to fulfill worldly duties.d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “I ”3) Consists of 5 books i) G ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) History and faith are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and social, economic, political lives3) Each historical event reflected God’s plan for them.4) Modern J after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were M – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made c (promise & agreement), with A and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To them ii) provide a h .3) Canaan was the “p land” 4) People had to remain f and o to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s People to fulfill worldly duties.d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “I ”3) Consists of 5 books i) G ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) History and faith are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and social, economic, political lives3) Each historical event reflected God’s plan for them.4) Modern Judaism after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were M – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made c (promise & agreement), with A and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To them ii) provide a h .3) Canaan was the “p land” 4) People had to remain f and o to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s People to fulfill worldly duties.d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “I ”3) Consists of 5 books i) G ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) History and faith are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and social, economic, political lives3) Each historical event reflected God’s plan for them.4) Modern Judaism after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were Monotheistic – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made c (promise & agreement), with A and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To them ii) provide a h .3) Canaan was the “p land” 4) People had to remain f and o to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s People to fulfill worldly duties.d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “I ”3) Consists of 5 books i) G ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) History and faith are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and social, economic, political lives3) Each historical event reflected God’s plan for them.4) Modern Judaism after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were Monotheistic – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made covenant (promise & agreement), with A and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To them ii) provide a h .3) Canaan was the “p land” 4) People had to remain f and o to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s People to fulfill worldly duties.d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “I ”3) Consists of 5 books i) G ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) History and faith are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and social, economic, political lives3) Each historical event reflected God’s plan for them.4) Modern Judaism after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were Monotheistic – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made covenant (promise & agreement), with Abraham and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To them ii) provide a h .3) Canaan was the “p land” 4) People had to remain f and o to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s People to fulfill worldly duties.d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “I ”3) Consists of 5 books i) G ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) History and faith are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and social, economic, political lives3) Each historical event reflected God’s plan for them.4) Modern Judaism after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were Monotheistic – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made covenant (promise & agreement), with Abraham and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To protect them ii) provide a h .3) Canaan was the “p land” 4) People had to remain f and o to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s People to fulfill worldly duties.d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “I ”3) Consists of 5 books i) G ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) History and faith are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and social, economic, political lives3) Each historical event reflected God’s plan for them.4) Modern Judaism after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were Monotheistic – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made covenant (promise & agreement), with Abraham and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To protect them ii) provide a homeland.3) Canaan was the “p land” 4) People had to remain f and o to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s People to fulfill worldly duties.d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “I ”3) Consists of 5 books i) G ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) History and faith are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and social, economic, political lives3) Each historical event reflected God’s plan for them.4) Modern Judaism after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were Monotheistic – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made covenant (promise & agreement), with Abraham and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To protect them ii) provide a homeland.3) Canaan was the “promised land” 4) People had to remain f and o to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s People to fulfill worldly duties.d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “I ”3) Consists of 5 books i) G ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) History and faith are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and social, economic, political lives3) Each historical event reflected God’s plan for them.4) Modern Judaism after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were Monotheistic – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made covenant (promise & agreement), with Abraham and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To protect them ii) provide a homeland.3) Canaan was the “promised land” 4) People had to remain faithful and obedient to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s People to fulfill worldly duties.d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “I ”3) Consists of 5 books i) G ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) History and faith are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and social, economic, political lives3) Each historical event reflected God’s plan for them.4) Modern Judaism after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were Monotheistic – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made covenant (promise & agreement), with Abraham and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To protect them ii) provide a homeland.3) Canaan was the “promised land” 4) People had to remain faithful and obedient to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s Chosen People to fulfill worldly duties.d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “I ”3) Consists of 5 books i) G ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) History and faith are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and social, economic, political lives3) Each historical event reflected God’s plan for them.4) Modern Judaism after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were Monotheistic – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made covenant (promise & agreement), with Abraham and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To protect them ii) provide a homeland.3) Canaan was the “promised land” 4) People had to remain faithful and obedient to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s Chosen People to fulfill worldly duties.d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “Instruction”3) Consists of 5 books i) G ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) God’s Covenant With the Israelites (p.29-30)a) Basics1) History and faith are interconnected2) No separation with religious belief and social, economic, political lives3) Each historical event reflected God’s plan for them.4) Modern Judaism after the return from Babylon to Judah.b) One God1) Israelites were Monotheistic – Believed in one Godc) God’s Promise1) Believed God made covenant (promise & agreement), with Abraham and his descendants2) Believed God promised: i) To protect them ii) provide a homeland.3) Canaan was the “promised land” 4) People had to remain faithful and obedient to God.5) Israelites and later Jews believed they were God’s Chosen People to fulfill worldly duties.

d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “Instruction”3) Consists of 5 books i) Genesis ii) E iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “Instruction”3) Consists of 5 books i) Genesis ii) Exodus iii) L iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “Instruction”3) Consists of 5 books i) Genesis ii) Exodus iii) Leviticus iv) N v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “Instruction”3) Consists of 5 books i) Genesis ii) Exodus iii) Leviticus iv) Numbers v) D .4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “Instruction”3) Consists of 5 books i) Genesis ii) Exodus iii) Leviticus iv) Numbers v) Deuteronomy4) Genesis – God tells to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “Instruction”3) Consists of 5 books i) Genesis ii) Exodus iii) Leviticus iv) Numbers v) Deuteronomy4) Genesis – God tells Abraham to move to Canaan 5) E – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “Instruction”3) Consists of 5 books i) Genesis ii) Exodus iii) Leviticus iv) Numbers v) Deuteronomy4) Genesis – God tells Abraham to move to Canaan 5) Exodus – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be o . 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “Instruction”3) Consists of 5 books i) Genesis ii) Exodus iii) Leviticus iv) Numbers v) Deuteronomy4) Genesis – God tells Abraham to move to Canaan 5) Exodus – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be obeyed. 7) Oral Torah = i) U laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “Instruction”3) Consists of 5 books i) Genesis ii) Exodus iii) Leviticus iv) Numbers v) Deuteronomy4) Genesis – God tells Abraham to move to Canaan 5) Exodus – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be obeyed 7) Oral Torah = i) Unwritten laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds f to Judaism

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d) The Torah1) Sacred text for Israelites 2) In Hebrew means “Instruction”3) Consists of 5 books i) Genesis ii) Exodus iii) Leviticus iv) Numbers v) Deuteronomy4) Genesis – God tells Abraham to move to Canaan 5) Exodus – God tells Moses to lead Israelites out of slavery in Egypt6) Also in Torah i) God’s teachings ii) laws Jews believed must be obeyed 7) Oral Torah = i) Unwritten laws ii) Commentary about Torah iii) adds flexibility to Judaism

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2) Guided Reading NotesIV) Teachings on Law and Morality (p.30-31)

a) 10 Commandments1) According to Book of E , God gave commandments to M after E exile

2) basic laws form core of Judaism

3) First 4 stress religious duty of i towards God (ie Sabbath = Holy day of worship)

4) 5-10 are rules for i conduct towards other p .

i) “Honor your & ” ii) “You shall not m ” iii) “You shall not s ”

b) 7 Universal Laws

1) Apply to all people, not just .

2) Similar to 10 3) One difference = establish to enforce law

c) Ethical Worldview 1) Prophets reminded Jews of their d .

2) Isaiah told all Jews, “cease to do , learn to do , seek justice, r the oppressed…”

3) Prophets preached – moral standard of behavior for i and a just c .

V) Scattering of the Jews (p.32)1) – scattering of the Jews 2) Started in BC with Babylonian captivity

3) By 70 BC, More Jews lived the homeland

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a) 10 Commandments1) According to Book of Exodus, God gave commandments to M after E exile





b) 7 Universal Laws










a) 10 Commandments1) According to Book of Exodus, God gave 10 commandments to M after E exile





b) 7 Universal Laws










a) 10 Commandments1) According to Book of Exodus, God gave 10 commandments to Moses after E exile





b) 7 Universal Laws










a) 10 Commandments1) According to Book of Exodus, God gave 10 commandments to Moses after Egyptian exile





b) 7 Universal Laws











2) 10 basic moral laws form core of Judaism




b) 7 Universal Laws












3) First 4 stress religious duty of individual towards God (ie Sabbath = Holy day of worship)



b) 7 Universal Laws













4) 5-10 are rules for individual conduct towards other p .


b) 7 Universal Laws













4) 5-10 are rules for individual conduct towards other people


b) 7 Universal Laws














i) “Honor your mother & father” ii) “You shall not m ” iii) “You shall not s ”

b) 7 Universal Laws














i) “Honor your mother & father” ii) “You shall not murder” iii) “You shall not s ”

b) 7 Universal Laws














i) “Honor your mother & father” ii) “You shall not murder” iii) “You shall not steal”

b) 7 Universal Laws















b) 7 Universal Laws

1) Apply to all people, not just Jews














b) 7 Universal Laws


2) Similar to 10 commandments 3) One difference = establish to enforce law













b) 7 Universal Laws


2) Similar to 10 commandments 3) One difference = establish court to enforce law













b) 7 Universal Laws



c) Ethical Worldview 1) Prophets reminded Jews of their duties.












b) 7 Universal Laws




2) Isaiah told all Jews, “cease to do evil, learn to do , seek justice, r the oppressed…”











b) 7 Universal Laws




2) Isaiah told all Jews, “cease to do evil, learn to do good, seek justice, r the oppressed…”











b) 7 Universal Laws




2) Isaiah told all Jews, “cease to do evil, learn to do good, seek justice, relieve the oppressed…”











b) 7 Universal Laws




2) Isaiah told all Jews, “cease to do evil, learn to do good, seek justice, relieve the oppressed…”

3) Prophets preached ethics – moral standard of behavior for i and a just c .










b) 7 Universal Laws




2) Isaiah told all Jews, “ cease to do evil, learn to do good, seek justice, relieve the oppressed…”

3) Prophets preached ethics – moral standard of behavior for individual and a just c .










b) 7 Universal Laws





3) Prophets preached ethics – moral standard of behavior for individual and a just community.










b) 7 Universal Laws






V) Scattering of the Jews (p.32)1) Diaspora – scattering of the Jews 2) Started in BC with Babylonian captivity









b) 7 Universal Laws






V) Scattering of the Jews (p.32)1) Diaspora – scattering of the Jews 2) Started in 586 BC with Babylonian captivity









b) 7 Universal Laws







3) By 70 BC, More Jews lived outside the homeland








b) 7 Universal Laws








4) Jews lived under Persian, H and R rulersBack to Main







b) 7 Universal Laws








4) Jews lived under Persian, Hellenistic and R rulersBack to Main







b) 7 Universal Laws








4) Jews lived under Persian, Hellenistic and Roman rulersBack to Main

2) Guided Reading NotesV) Scattering of the Jews (p.32)1) – scattering of the Jews

2) Started in BC with Babylonian captivity

3) Once freed by P , not all Jews returned to J . 4) Many stayed in B .

5) Jews lived under P and H rulers until about 100 BC

6) Then Jewish family formed i kingdom in Judea.

7) Soon arrive and rule under General Pompey

8)

9) Two Jewish groups often fought each other.

10) During these tense times, new Jewish groups arose.

11) One new group was led by a Jew named J .

12) mismanagement and continued fighting among led to more problems

13) In 66 AD, Jews rioted against Roman rule.

14) Romans destroyed Jewish T in J .

15) By AD, more Jews lived outside the h .

16) Scattering of Jews continued for centuries into the M E and E . Back to Main

ROMAN RULE OVER JUDEA

Liberal Jews Conservative Jews

Jews take up G or H ways Traditional Jews against .

VS

2) Guided Reading NotesV) Scattering of the Jews (p.32)1) Diaspora – scattering of the Jews

2) Started in BC with Babylonian captivity





8)












VS


2) Started in 586 BC with Babylonian captivity





8)












VS



3) Once freed by Persians, not all Jews returned to J . 4) Many stayed in B .




8)












VS



3) Once freed by Persians, not all Jews returned to Judea 4) Many stayed in B .




8)












VS



3) Once freed by Persians, not all Jews returned to Judea 4) Many stayed in Babylon




8)








16) Scattering of Jews continued for centuries into the M E and E .

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VS




5) Jews lived under Persian and Hellenistic rulers until about 100 BC



8)









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VS





6) Then Jewish family formed independent kingdom in Judea.


8)









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VS






7) Soon Romans arrive and rule under General Pompey

8)









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VS







8)









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Jews take up Greek or Hellenistic ways Traditional Jews against .

VS







8)









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Jews take up Greek or Hellenistic ways Traditional Jews against change

VS







8)



11) One new group was led by a Jew named Jesus.






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VS







8)




12) Roman mismanagement and continued fighting among led to more problems





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VS







8)




12) Roman mismanagement and continued fighting among Jews led to more problems





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VS







8)






14) Romans destroyed Jewish Temple in Jerusalem



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VS







8)







15) By 70 AD, more Jews lived outside the h .


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VS







8)







15) By 70 AD, more Jews lived outside the homeland


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VS







8)








16) Scattering of Jews continued for centuries into the Middle East and E .

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VS







8)








16) Scattering of Jews continued for centuries into the Middle East and Europe.

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VS

3) MC Quizzes

QUIZ Alpha

QUIZ Bravo

QUIZ Charlie

QUIZ Delta

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4) Peopardy

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A B C D E

F G H I J

K L M N O

P Q R S T

U V W X Y

5) Other Sources

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6) Textbook Tuesday

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Section 4 = THE RISE OF CHRISTIANITY

1) P-Reading Questions

2) Guided Reading Notes

3) MC Quizzes

4) Peopardy

5) Other Sources

6) Textbook Tuesday

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p.33-39

1) P-Reading Questions

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2) Guided Reading NotesI) Rise of Christianity (p.33)1) During Pax Romana (Roman “Peaceful” Rule), a new religion, Christianity, emerged in Judea2) Jesus was a Jew who preached Jewish beliefs. 3) Jesus attracted followers who spread his teachings.4) At first, Christianity was one of many religions within the Roman Empire

5) By 395 AD, Christianity was the official religion of the Empire.

II) Jesus of Nazareth (p.33-35)A) Basics 1) Almost all information about Jesus comes from the Gospels.

2) Gospels = First 4 books of the New Testament of the Bible 3) Most Christians credit Matthew, Mark, Luke and John with the 4 Gospels. 4) When were the gospels written? Are there more than 4 gospels?

B) Early Life (according to Gospels)1) Jesus was born about 4 BC in Bethlehem, not far from Jerusalem2) Jesus’ parents, Mary & Joseph lived in Nazareth but descendants of King David of Bethlehem

3) The Roman census = Jesus’ parents returned to ancestral Bethlehem to be counted. 4) Angel tells Mary i) She’ll give birth to Son of God. ii) Messiah = savior of Jews5) Jews believe God someday would return the “promise land” to the Jews6) Some Jews believed God would send a descendent of David to overthrow the Romans7) For some, the timing was right for the Messiah to appear.

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2) Guided Reading NotesII) Jesus of Nazareth (p.33-35)

b) Ministry

1) Jesus started preaching at age 30 2) He chose 12 apostles (followers) to help him preach

3) Head of the apostles = Peter

4) Crowds gathered to i) hear Jesus’ teachings ii) see one of his miracles of healing

5) He used parables, short stories with simple moral lessons to spread his ideas

6) After 3 years, Jesus and his disciples (loyal followers) went to spread the word in Jerusalem

c) Message

1) Jesus’ teaching rooted in Jewish tradition 2) He believed in 1 God.

3) He accepted the 10 Commandments 4) Preached obedience to God’s laws

5) Defended teachings of the Jewish prophets 6) He called himself Son of God

7) His Mission: bring spiritual salvation and eternal life to anyone who believed in him

8) According to Jesus, people’s responsibility were

i) “love God with all your heart” ii) “love your neighbor as yourself”

iii) He emphasized forgiveness a) “Love your enemies” b)“…turn the other cheek…”

d) Death & Resurrection

a) Jesus’ arrival into Jerusalem threatened i) Jewish religious leaders ii) Roman rule

b) Jesus was arrested, found guilty by those threatened by his message and then crucified

c) Gospels claim Jesus i) rose from the dead ii) appeared to his disciples

iii) told them carry on his teachings to all nations iv) then ascended into heaven.

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2) Guided Reading NotesIII) Christianity Spreads (p.35-37)

a) Basics 1)After Jesus’ death, apostles and disciples spread his teaching

2) Jews who accepted Jesus was the messiah became the 1st Christians.

3) At first, disciples preached only to Jews in Judea & later throughout Roman World.

4) Peter established Christianity in Rome

5) Paul, a Jew from Asia Minor, most influential role in spreading Christianity

b) Work of Paul (Originally Saul) 1) Paul never saw Jesus 2) He wanted to destroy growing Christian community

3) Then Jesus spoke to Saul 4) Saul became Paul and converted to Christianity

5) Paul dedicated his life to the spread of Jesus’ teachings to non-Jews

6) Paul traveled around Mediterranean building churches from Jerusalem to Rome

7) His letters i) explained difficult doctrines ii) judged disputes iii) expanded Christianity

c) New Covenant

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Judaism Christianity

Jesus is NOT Messiah, NOT Son of God Jesus is Messiah, Son of God

Follows Torah as sacred text Follows Torah (old Testament)

Do NOT follow Jesus and New Testament Follow Jesus as covenant & New Testament

2) Guided Reading NotesIII) Christianity Spreads (p.36-37)d) Persecution1) Christians did NOT accept Roman gods. 2) Christians suspected of disloyalty to Rome3) Romans persecute Christians 4) Emperor Nero used Christians as scapegoats, blaming them for Rome’s problems5) Over centuries, thousands of Christians became martyred – suffer or die for their belief6) Peter and Paul killed in Rome during the reign of Neroe) Reasons for Christianity’s Appeal1) Jesus welcomed all people especially humble, poor and oppressed. 2) People found comfort in Jesus’ message of love3) Belief in equality and dignity of all 4) Promise of better life after death 5) Paul added ideas of Plato, the Stoics and Greek thinkers to Jesus’ message6) Addition of Greek philosophy to Christianity appealed to educated Romans.7) Easy travel for Christian missionaries on Roman roads within Roman Empire8) Early Christians wrote in Greek or Latin, languages widely know across the Empiref) Triumph1) Roman persecution ended in 313 AD with Edict of Milano by Emperor Constantine2) Edict granted freedom of worship to all citizens of the Roman Empire3) Constantine became the 1st Christian Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire

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2) Guided Reading Notes IV) Christian Church (p.37-39)a) Basics 1) Early Christians shared common i) belief in Jesus’ Teachings ii) way of worship2) Gradually scattered communities organized a church hierarchy.3) During Middle Ages (About 500-1500), Christian church was most powerful force in Europe

b) Early Communities1) Became a Christian thru sacrament of Baptism 2) Baptism ‘washed away’ sins of

Christians3) Christians considered all members equal. 4) Women led way to Christianity5) Church promise “There is neither Jew or Greek, neither slave nor free, neither male nor

female.” 6) Clergy = people approved to do religious ceremonies7) Each community had a priest 8) Priests were under authority of a bishop9) Bishop = church official responsible for Christians in one area.10) Bishops traced their spiritual power to the apostles and on to Jesus himself.11) Bishops in most important cities could gain more authority were Patriarch.12) Patriarch controlled bishops in their region. 13) Patriarch in Rome, named the Pope, began to claim authority over all bishops

14) Authority of Bishops and other disputes led to disunited within the church c) Medieval Church 1)

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Christianities’ Great Schism of 1054 – Split between East and West

East = Orthodox Christians West = Roman Catholic Christians

Russia, Greece, Romania West Europe (later worldly)

Patriarchs reject Pope as leader Pope in Rome is head of Church

2) Guided Reading NotesIV) Christian Church (p.38-39)

c) Medieval Church (paragraph 2)2) Christians believe all people were sinners doomed to eternal suffering in hell.

3) They only way to avoid hell was believe in Jesus and follow sacraments of the church

4) Because medieval church had total control on sacraments and thus European society.

5) As Catholic Church grew stronger & wealthier, it became leading secular institution in Europe

6) Pope owned large tracts of land

7) Rulers appoint church officials to high govt positions because often were only educated people

d) Spread of Learning (Ask Mr P about telephone around the room problem)

1) By 1100s, school emerged to train clergy 2) Some schools become universities

3) Universities influenced by ‘new ideas’ from ancient Greece but forgotten during ‘Dark Ages’

4) Ancient ideas from Aristotle and Greece were translated into Arabic by Muslim scholars

5) Ancient Greek ideas preserved in Middle East, while Europe “lost them” after Rome’s Fall.

6) Ancient Greek text spread throughout Muslim World; later Muslim Spain translates into Latin

7) Once in Latin, old Greek ideas are ‘re-found’ by European Christian scholars who read Latin.

8) This sparked a “Rebirth” in art & learning in Europe known as the Renaissance (Rebirth)

e) Philosophy 1) Problem with ancient Greek writing for Christian scholars:

2) Aristotle believed in reason to obtain truth 3) Christians accept ideas based on faith

4) Faith is belief that goes beyond reason. 5) Thomas Aquinas – Harmony of faith and reason

6) Aquinas claimed - Both faith and reason led to same truth, that God ruled the universe.

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2) Guided Reading NotesV) Judeo-Christian Tradition (p.39)1) Christianity, practiced around the globe, is a major world religion.

2) Judaism, not practiced widely, is still considered a major religion. Why?

i) Original contribution to religious thought ii) influenced Christianity and Islam

3) Today, Jews, Christians and Muslims all:

i) honor Abraham, Moses, the prophets

ii) teach an ethical world view

iii) share same roots

4) In the West, shared heritage of Jews and Christians is called: Judeo-Christian Tradition

5) This Tradition is based on moral an ethical principles presented in the Bible

6) These principles are the basic assumptions behind many Western beliefs such as:

i) fair treatment ii) justice iii) equality

7) Judeo-Christian principles then played a big role in development of democratic tradition.

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judaism

Education

israelites people of

judaismii ancient israelites

jewish ancient beliefs

jews religious book

jewish state of judea

ancient history

jewish religious kings

book ofsays