katanga slum upgrading
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up grading slumsTRANSCRIPT
KATANGA SLUM UPGRADING PROJECT
ECODU EMMANUEL KIGOZI ALLAN SSERUMA BRUCE SEMBOGGA CANAAN SENABULYA JAMES
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GROUP 5
Design objectives OBJECTIVES OF SLUM UPGRADING Creating a healthy environment for human life Extending reasonable services both cultural and public to all slum dwellers Provision of habitable, decent, inspiring and sustainable residential areas Promoting beneficial urban development Providing for efficient and sound infrastructure Creating efficient and economical land use patterns
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•LOCATION IN THE CITY CENTRE. Katanga slum area is one of many existing slum areas in Kampala city and hence calls for a need to upgrade the area to promote urban development •HIGH POPULATION ON SITE and its effects on urban areas as more and more people increase within these slum areas
site suitability
PHYSICAL CONSIDERATIONS landscaping: need to balance the built-up
environment with the natural vegetation High water table: in the area closer to the
Katanga channel the water table is very high close to 2m and special considerations need to be made
Proper drainage solutions to promote proper waste disposal to improve health, sanitation
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Utilities Katanga channel. There is need to
preserve the stream in a clean and healthy state to promote proper drainage and reduce pollution.
Drainage. Proper planning of drainage facilities within the site and residential areas with covered drains so as to reduce pollution and dumping.
Waste collection. Need to provide for waste disposal and sorting points so as reduce dumping and poor waste disposal
Drainage channel
MAJOR SITE CONSIDERATIONS
TRANSPORT Pedestrian movement. The provisions for
pedestrians need to be improved and provided in some areas to promote accessibility and permeability within the site
Street lighting. To promote security and a more vibrant residential development, lighting needs to be provided within the site and along transport routes
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SOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS Need to promote safety and security. The use of
defensible spaces to allow for designs that promote safety through their permeability
Housing considerations. Need to consider different housing types that are adequate and habitable for all the inhabitants on site
CASE STUDIES Challenges Design strategies Lessons
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1. Rocinha Urban Strategy Architect: Kyle Beneventi Location: Rochina,Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
• Informal Settlement first occupied by a community of farmers.
• The largest slum in South America with 356 people per acre.
INTRODUCTION:
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CHALLENGES: • Poor living conditions; lacking many
of the basic amenities that constitute a healthy standard of living.
• Vernacular buildings, potentially hazardous on these steep slopes
• Congestion resulting in minimal ventilation and natural light
• Make Rocinha a very walk-able city • dealing principally with voids to break up the
blanket of uniform building mass • The central plazas in the design are linked
along main arteries of circulation, with periodic punctures for smaller plazas every 5 walking minutes, or 1/4 mile.
• The goal is to utilize as much pre-existing open space as possible, linking each plaza with current main roads
• construction of the main plazas helped to
spread out commercial activity and sustain future growth
URBAN STRATEGY:
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Housing typology:
this proposal plans to pair a series of small towers with the periodic mini-plazas along primary corridors, reducing the building foot print and keeping residents rooted in the micro-communities that their social and economic lives depend on.
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• Construction of the plazas to spread out commercial activity through out the site could help sustain future growth
• Making the site walk-able • Provision of open communal spaces to improve of the
quality of living. • Introduction of high rise residences to accommodate
the high population density.
Lessons Learnt: 9
2. Winning Proposal Architects: Drucker Arquitetura Location: São Paulo, Brazil
• The informal city is a problem that could not be solved by the twentieth-century urbanism.
• Cabuçu de Baixo 12 is located in the North Zone of São Paulo, at the bottom Serra da Cantareira, an environmental preservation area, which defines one of the borders of the city
INTRODUCTION:
VISION: • It is about offering citizenship, that is, to provide them with
qualified urban spaces capable of promoting effective identity and social integration, access to education and information.
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CHALLENGES:
• Lack of qualitative housing; an architecture problem.
• Many houses are implemented in flooding areas on steep downhill land that compromise stability.
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PROJECT STRATEGIES AND TACTICS:
•Opening of crossing roads and consolidation of perimeter roads of the slum
•Opening of pedestrian lanes to support infrastructure
•Integration with the public transport system by changing bus routes
•Installation of qualified public spaces and facilities
•Definition and preservation of the border of Serra da Cantareira
1. INTEGRATION OF SLUM AREA:
• Use the infrastructure to support programs
• Use water as landscape and leisure resource
• Adapt the architecture to the topography and the existing urban arrangement
2. RESPECT TO THE TOPOGRAPHY AND MORPHOLOGY:
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3. IMPROVEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS INCORPORATING URBAN QUALITIES: • Creation of a public
park along the stream
• Qualification of the stream banks with new housings, commerce and services
• Creation of squares in the core of the blocks with new housings
Lessons Learnt: • Stepping of the Land to respect the
Topography applies to Katanga • Opening of pedestrian lanes to support
infrastructure • Opening of crossing roads and consolidation
of perimeter roads i.e. Nkizi Rd, Binaisa and Mutebi Roads.
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4. QUINTA MONROY Location: Iquique, Chile. Execution time: 9 months
Materials: Concrete & Cement bricks Site Area: 5000 sqm Constructed Area: 3500 sqm
Architect: Elemental– Alejandro Aravena, Alfonso Montero, Tomás Cortese, Emilio de la Cerd
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Key issues •Resettling 100 Chilean families into the 5000sq. M space they originally occupied illegally •Inadequate ground space for the entire population •Inadequate funding hence need for low-cost interventions •Providing enough density without overcrowding the site
Design strategies A building blocks expansion except on the ground and at the
top, so they worked in a building with only a top and bottom Designing housing that increases with time so as to increase
its viability in the area Provision of a physical community space/property shared by
at least 20 families To curb inadequate income, construction was done on 50% of
the houses with the other 50% to be built by residents as they got more income
Lessons The use of communal spaces to promote defensible spaces and
provide social gathering points Allowing for possibility of expansion in the housing design by
use of bottom and top spaces
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DHARAVI’s is located at the city level and easy to access mass transit and infrastructure. It was initially a swamp and fishing village. The residents filled the swamp with garbage and other waste. Its organic and highly permeable making it difficult to provide services. The land use are industries (leather tanneries, garbage recycling, illicit liquor distilling) commercial uses mostly shops but along the main access main road (sixty feet road)
3.DHARAVI SLUM IN MUMBAI-INDIA 16
THE PROJECT OBJECTIVES Respect and preservation of local culture Enhancement of physical environment Recognition to accommodate modern real estate development Integrate commercial and perseveration approaches
harmoniously
DESIGN IDEA- promoting social and community identity VISION STATEMENT Creating a self dependent and
sustainable residential community that promotes social identity for the inhabitants of the site and its surrounding.
The idea stems from the key problems
on site and the community needs that include but are not limited to: Poverty Poor health and sanitation Inadequate housing facilities Inadequate security and safety
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Student inhabitants
Non- residents
Low income residents
Population Projections The population of Katanga area is about
25000 people with 8900 of those being located on the project site, an area of 22acres( 92,673sq. M) Considering a population growth rate of
6.3% the population will have grown considerably in the 10years the expected lease will be valid, to about 16395 people
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Reducing congestion on the ground and building upwards
Reducing population density by spreading out the development
05000
100001500020000250003000035000
2013 2018 2023 2028 2033population
The inhabitants( students, low income earners, shop owners) will be accommodated within various housing densities and types including high rises and medium rises The proposal will hence target provision of
developments to accommodate 15000 people over a period of 15 years, including the existing student population of 1100.
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CONCEPT: 21
•Promoting the social community through existing conversion points on site such as the wells, playground, meeting grounds
•Connection created by the stream which is of Importance to the entire community
•Design ideology based on Katanga’s social Identity
A design that promotes community based ownership and responsibility, communal ventures and spaces
the design would hence break up the
congested areas and provide spaces for access, meeting, recreation, commerce as well as visual permeability with balance between the built and natural
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Parking and traffic
commercial
administration
institutional
• Conserving and Continuing the Existing Mixed use: commercial and residential fabric of Hostels along Nkiizi Rd.
• Majority Residential, major Institutional and community spaces are organised along the peripheral of the Open green Spaces.
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• Having Commercial spaces along Binaisa Rd to Buffer the Residential Spaces from vehicular noise pollution and at the same time capture market from the mass traffic along Binaisa Rd
N
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•Communal spaces oriented from the central unifying green belt along the stream
•The access routes and pedestrian walkways also enhance the connection between these communal spaces
•These communal zones are then used to orient the different residential zones which have access to other key services relevant for the community
accessibility through the site 25
•Providing vehicular access that allows for permeability through the site for all users hence acting as a uniting factor
•Major access points creating t-junctions on noisy road, Mutebi road and Gideon street all three being access roads
•Transforming the existent major foot paths into vehicular roads
•Major Vehicular access is off less busy Mutebi Rd.
•Consolidating the site bordering roads to integrate Katanga within its context of Wandegeya Parish
The proposal aims at disintegrating the existing patterns on site and bringing them together in a more sustainable self dependant pattern Preserving the
location of some commercial activities along major access points but allowing for mixed use ventures especially or light commercial activities within the site
26 ZONING
Structure plan proposal 27
The plan is zoned in such a way that all residential neighborhoods have immediate access to green spaces, commercial, social, parking and institutional services
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0 30000 70000
19%
30%
7%
4%
15%
1%
16%
3% 3%
2%
Proposed land use
medium densityresidentialhigh density residential
institutional
medium densitycommercialmixed use
administrative
greenery and openspacelight industry
parking
stream
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Detailed plan proposal 29
N
0 30000 70000
Typical Plot Sizes 30
Mixed use and residential Building area of 368 sq. m
Commercial Building area of 190 sq. m
Mixed use and residential Building area of 253 sq. m
Plot sizes ZONING NO. OF
PLOTS PLOT SIZE AREA(sq. m)
Medium density commercial
10 (25x12.5) 2380
Mixed use residential and commercial
19 11
(30x15) (30x20)
9760
Low rise residential
12 (30x15) (30x20)
12,100
High rise residential
45 (25x12.2) (30x15)
19,265
Students residentials
10 (30x40) 12000
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LEGEND MAIN ROAD ACCESS ROAD PEDESTRIAN WALKWAY GREENERY PARKING AREA( 80 CARS)
KATANGA ROADS PROPOSAL
0 30000 70000
ROADS IN KATANGA
NKIZI AND MUTEBI ROADS
MAIN ACCESS ROAD IN KATANGA
PREDESTRIAN WALK WAY
PEDESTRIAN WALKWAY ROADS
road-side parking along Nkiizi and Binaisa roads
Major site entry junction
ROAD TYPE ROAD WIDTH (RESERVE INCLUSIVE) (meters)
RESERVE WIDTH (meters)
MAXIMUM ROAD GRADIENT (degrees)
SURFACE MATERIAL
SECONDARY ROADS
NKIIZI RD.
11 4 0 Paving asphalt (tarmac)
MUTEBI RD.
11 4 2.7 Paving asphalt (tarmac)
ACCESS ROADS 9 3 Stone pavers
PEDESTRIAN WALKWAYS (together with vehicular paths)
2 - 7.6 Paving brick
PEDESTRIAN WALKWAYS (away from vehicular paths)
3-5 - 11 Stone aggregates
ROAD DETAILS
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UTILITIES infrastructure: POWER & COMMUNICATION: • High and Low voltage lines
running along Nkizi and Binaisa roads supply can supply an adequate amount of electricity on site WATER:
• 13.9% of the entire community use piped from NWSC and the rest rely entirely on springs and wells, which constitute high risk sources of contamination.
WASTE DISPOSAL: • Most of the waste is dumped in
and along Katanga channel thus blocking the flow of storm water off the site
SEWAGE: • Only hostels along Nkizi Rd, 3
public toilets and minority house holds are connected to the NWSC sewer lines.
LEGEND:
Water
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PROPOSED UTILITIES:
• Transformers along Nkizi road and the Sewer lines off Nkizi Rd are retained .
• All service utilities within the site run along run along access routes to avoid being vandalised.
NWSC Water lines Power lines Communication lines Sewer lines Wells
LEGEND:
Refuse Collection points to mitigate dumping of wastes into Katanga channel
0 30000 70000
HOUSING TYPOLOGY This is classified according to : Multiple units Semi-detached detached
Multiple units: These are a number of housing units within one building in the for of apartments, single rooms. Semi-detached housing: these share a common space or boundary or wall for example, courtyard. Semi detached housing with a shared courtyard
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Detached (free standing)housing: These are completely separate from each other. These are however not suitable for the context of Katanga as they would not encourage community living and are not suitable solutions to low cost housing in heavily populated slum areas.
HOUSING LAYOUT Type 1: This aims at having a mix of the different building types by combining tall, short and medium heights together on a common stretch of housing. Maximum proposed heights of three levels . Type 2: This creates individual lines for the different building sizes and types, separating the storied from the bungalows.
Type 1 Type 2
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PROPOSED HOUSE SPACE TYPES
FAMILY SIZE SPACE DESCRIPTION
AREA(square meters)
Single user 1 bedroom, Bathroom and toilet, living room and kitchen.
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Single user(student) 1 bedroom, toilet and bathroom.
12.25
5-7 users (2 parents and 3-5 children)
2 bedrooms, toilet and bathroom, kitchen and living room.
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PROPOSED BUILDING DENSITIES: providing mixed neighborhoods of high and low rise residential developments
The proposal aims at providing three housing density types for the inhabitants. The mixed use housing: this will include building of four to five levels
with residential on the upper levels and commercial developments on the ground floors of the buildings.
For this type of housing we are providing about 22 plots(30x15)sq.m having about 12 developments of app. Area 320sq.m
.
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density area No. of residences Mixed use • ground floor as commercial
320 per floor 1280 for 4 levels
32 per development 384 for 12 developments (384x7)= 2688 inhabitants
Students zone In addition to existing 1100 students
400 per floor 1600 for 4 levels
256 for 8 developments (256x3)= 768 Plus 1100
Mixed use areas total to about 4556 inhabitants
The second type of housing is mainly low rise residential plots that are between two to four levels. These have been designed to accommodate residents of large families of up to 8 people. Provisions have been made to provide communal spaces for
such families also locating them next to ply areas for the children.
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density area No. of residences Low rise high density housing
400 sq. m floor area 1600 sq. m per development
8 residences per floor 32 residences per development 480 residences for 15 developments (480x 8 people)=3840
Accommodates a maximum of 3840 people
The third type of residential developments is that of high rise residential developments. The proposal entails at providing high rise residential ranging form four to five levels. These will mainly be provided for smaller families of up to four
inhabitants as well as a few provisions for larger families .
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density area No. of residents High rise high density residential
160 sq. m per floor 800sq m for 5 floors
35 units per block 1680 units for 48 blocks (1680x4)= 6720
High rises accommodate up to 6720people mainly low income earners and some students
By the end of the project , the projection is that the site can cater for at most 15100 people.
Project implementation proposals The project will be implemented fully with occupants living there
within a period of 12 years and this will be done in three main phases
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Phase one : major roads Areas along Binaisa and Mutebi roads including mixed use areas and residential areas
Phase two : Area has mainly residential areas with community zones such as the community centre and the stream
Phase three This would be the shortest phase and will mainly have commercial developments with mixed use areas and a school and church
Detailed areas on site ENTRANCE INTO THE SITE
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The entrance is emphasized by a direct approach from Mutebi road toward a monumental fountain area where the community interacts
RESIDENTIAL NEIGHBOURHOOD 46
high rises of up to 5 levels
low rises of three to four levels
Neighbouring stream with green spaces act as communal areas for two different neighbourhoods
Provision of parking, green common space for children to play and nearby mosque
The proposal in section will encourage visual continuity as well as relation of spaces at different levels Buildings along Binaisa road also create a buffer for the residentials below it
48 3 D’s
THANK YOU
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