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LOGIN SecretariatEmbassy of SwitzerlandNyaya Marg, ChanakyapuriNew Delhi - 110 021, India
www.loginasia.org
25 - 30 September 2017Kerala, India
Summary Report
Kerala Institute of Local AdministrationInternational Training onDemocratic Decentralisation
Kerala Institute of Local AdministrationInternational Training on Democratic Decentralisation
Summary Report
25-30 September, 2017
Kerala, India
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Local Governance Initiative and Network (LOGIN) is a multi-stakeholder knowledge exchange platform that supports greater decentralisation and strengthened local governance in South and East Asia. Spanning 12 countries, LOGIN’s members include elected representatives, training institutions, think tanks, government departments, non-governmental organisations and inter-governmental organisations, among others. Working in favour of accountable, transparent and inclusive local governance, LOGIN facilitates knowledge sharing and peer-engagements on key governance issues amongst its members. Since its inception in 2013, LOGIN has been connecting and capacitating various actors and change agents who are driving reform agendas within their countries and the region.
The Kerala Institute of Local Administration (KILA), a LOGIN member, hosted a study visit for LOGIN members in September 2017, focusing on key aspects of decentralisation and Kerala’s experience with devolution. A delegation of 28 LOGIN members from eight countries, namely Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, Laos, Mongolia, Myanmar and Sri Lanka, attended the six-day training programme. This report summarises key insights from the training programme.
LOGIN is supported by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation.
© LOGIN Asia, 2017
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Contents
Abbreviations iv
Executive Summary 1
Introduction 2
Kerala’s Experience in Decentralisation 2
The Learning Offer 2
Objectives 2
Participants 2
Local Government System in India 3
Local Government System in Kerala 3
Local Governments in South and South East Asia 3
Financing Local Governments in Kerala 6
Participatory Planning in Kerala 6
Visit to Village Panchayats 6
Visit to Kudumbashree 7
Local Economic Development and Poverty Alleviation through Women Self-help Groups and Local Governments 7
Visit to Kudumbashree Producer Groups 7
Role of Local Government Associations in Kerala 8
Innovations by Local Governments in Kerala 8
Child-Friendly Local Governance 8
Green Army Labour Bank 8
Institutionalised Capacity Development of Local Governments in Kerala 9
Development Missions and Local Self-Governments: A Platform for Effective Convergence 10
Capacity Building of Local Governments: Experiences from South and East Asia 10
Insights into Kerala’s Journey of Decentralisation 11
Annexures 13
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Abbreviations
CFLG Child Friendly Local Governance
KGPA Kerala Grama Panchayath Association
KILA Kerala Institute of Local Administration
LGA Local Government Association
LOGIN Local Governance Initiative and Network
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Executive Summary
The framework for decentralisation is enshrined in the Indian Constitution, which provides the mandate for local governments. In India’s federal structure, local government is a state (provincial) subject and all policies related to decentralisation are formulated and implemented by states.
The Panchayat Devolution Index for 2015-16 identified Kerala as the leader in policy and practice of devolution of powers to rural local self-governments. Since the People’s Planning Programme launched in 1996, the state has taken many initiatives to empower its local self-governments with functional authority and financial resources, and undertake a participatory decentralised planning process. Almost 25 percent of state government’s financial resources have been provided to local governments who also have other own sources of revenue. The state also has strong local government associations which engage in policy advocacy.
The Kerala Institute of Local Administration (KILA), a member of LOGIN, has been engaged in capacity building activities for local governments in Kerala since its establishment in 1990.
KILA is a nodal institution for training, research, consultancy and policy support for local self-government institutions. With its extensive mandate, it is uniquely placed to engage with different stakeholders of local governance in Kerala.
KILA facilitated a study visit for LOGIN members in September 2017, focusing on the following areas of decentralisation: � Decentralised planning
� Fiscal decentralisation
� Women and local economic development through Kudumbashree (women self-help groups)
� Local government associations
� Strategies for capacity building
A delegation of 28 LOGIN members from eight countries, namely Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, Laos, Mongolia, Myanmar and Sri Lanka, attended the six-day training programme.
This report summarises the delegation’s glimpse into practices, processes and mandates of institutions that have supported and enabled devolution in Kerala.
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IntroductionIn India’s federal structure, local government is a state (provincial) subject and all policies related to decentralisation are formulated and implemented by states.
Hence, there is a wide range of decentralisation practices across Indian states, including different modalities of deconcentration, delegation and devolution. The state of Kerala has been regarded as having moved far ahead of other states in terms of devolution to local governments and institutionalisation of decentralised planning processes.
Kerala’s Experience in Decentralisation
Kerala is considered a pioneer in implementing far-reaching reforms to support decentralisation and local governance. Since the People’s Planning Programme launched in 1996, the state has taken many initiatives to empower its local self-governments with functional authority and financial resources, and undertake a participatory decentralised planning process. Almost 25 per cent of the state government’s financial resources have been provided to local governments,which also have their own sources of revenue.
Kerala was ranked first in the Panchayat Devolution Index for 2015-16 and was identified as a leader in policy and practice of devolution of powers to rural local self-governments. The state also has strong local government associations (LGAs) which engage in policy advocacy.
The Learning Offer
The Kerala Institute of Local Administration (KILA), a member of LOGIN, has been engaged in capacity building activities for local governments in Kerala since its establishment in 1990. It is an autonomous institution identified as a nodal institution for training, research, consultancy and policy support for local self-government institutions. With its extensive mandate, it is uniquely placed to engage with different stakeholders of local governance in Kerala.
KILA hosted a study visit for LOGIN Members in September 2017, focusing on specific areas of decentralisation: � Decentralised planning � Fiscal decentralisation � Women and local economic development through Kudumbashree (women self-help groups) � Local government associations � Strategies for capacity building
The detailed programme of the study visit is included as Annexure I.
Objectives
� Introduction to the practices, the processes and the mandates of institutions that have supported and enabled devolution in Kerala
� Orientation on and exposure to decentralisation, participatory planning process and local economic development through women’s self-help groups
Participants
Twenty-eight LOGIN members from eight countries, namely Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, Laos, Mongolia, Myanmar and Sri Lanka, attended the six-day training programme (The List of Participants is included as Annexure II).
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Local Government System in IndiaDr. S.S. Meenakshisundaram, Former Secretary to Government of Karnataka and Government of India, gave a presentation on ‘Local Government System in India’. Dr. Meenakshisundaram was involved in final drafting of the bill which became the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, providing constitutional status to rural local governments in India.
Dr. Meenakshisundaram’s presentation focused on evolution of the decentralisation process in India starting from the colonial period and through the post-Independence period. Dr. Sundaram explained the salient features of the 73rd Amendment and current structure of rural local government. He also highlighted the positive features, issues and threats to decentralisation in India as of today. He concluded that success of decentralisation reforms in India depended on activity mapping of functions and institutionalisation of participatory decentralised planning processes.
(For the complete presentation, refer to Annexure III)
Local Government System in KeralaDr. J.B. Rajan, Associate Professor, KILA, presented the local government system in Kerala. He highlighted key elements of the local government structure in Kerala namely Grama Sabha (village assembly), democratic governance institutions within local government, office structure of rural local governments, and features of decentralised institutions. He further explained the Kerala model of decentralisation which includes administrative, developmental and fiscal decentralisation. He concluded by explaining some of the key supportive mechanisms for local self-governance in the state which include the setting up of Appellate Tribunal, Ombudsman for Local Governments, State Development Council, Coordination Committee on Decentralisation, Local Government Commission, and the Nava Keralam Mission.
(For the complete presentation, refer to Annexure IV)
Local Governments in South and South East AsiaThe participants were divided into country groups for preparation of presentations on local governments in their respective countries. While some country groups used charts and posters to make presentations, others used PowerPoint presentations. Most presentations focused on the structure of local governments or a particular tier of local government represented by the participants. The interactive session saw participants seek clarifications from peers on various aspects of local governments in their country.
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Financing Local Governments in KeralaDr. Sunny George, Professor, KILA, elaborated the functions that could be undertaken by both rural and urban local governments in India. He briefly explained some of the key sources of revenue for local governments and illustrated the structure of local government finances in Kerala through charts. The key point of the presentation was the formula-based financial allocation for local governments ensuring clarity for them on development funds to be received from the state government, and to an extent, ensuring equity of financing for local governments in different levels across the state.
(For the complete presentation, refer to Annexure V)
Participatory Planning in KeralaDr. Joy Elamon elaborated the principles of decentralisation that guided Kerala’s planning process. Kerala followed a ‘big bang approach’ to decentralisation through a People’s Planning Campaign. The idea was to learn by doing and following a definite methodology for the process. The objective was to prepare local development plans through participatory planning. Along with the campaign, associated actions were undertaken to create supportive mechanisms for this model of decentralisation in Kerala. Dr. Elamon discussed the present participatory planning process, the framework behind the process, and the emphasis on planning for social justice and outcome based planning. He concluded by highlighting systemic changes in local governance that had taken place due to participatory planning processes and future areas for work.
(For the complete presentation, refer to Annexure VI)
Visit to Village PanchayatsThe participants were divided into two groups and taken on field visits to two village Panchayats - Kondazhy and Mulloorkara. The groups visited the Panchayat offices as well as sites of some of their institutions such as childcare centres, where they interacted with elected members and staff about development activities, financing in village Panchayats, and other institutions under village Panchayats.
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Visit to KudumbashreeKudumbashree is the poverty eradication and women empowerment programme implemented by the State Poverty Eradication Mission (SPEM) of the Government of Kerala. Kudumbashree was set up in 1997 and is in essence a community network that covers the entire state of Kerala. The network comprises a three-tier structure, with Neighbourhood Groups at the lowest level, Area Development Societies at the middle level, and Community Development Societies at the local government level.
Mr. Rahul K., State Mission Office, shared the history of the Kudumbashree network. The network’s evolution is closely linked with the decentralisation process in Kerala. With regard to the community structures created under the network, while the members are women, these women working together have enabled empowerment of their families as well. He explained how the network promotes financial inclusion and highlighted some of the support structures. The network has enabled creation of livelihoods and political inclusion of women members and also led initiatives in rehabilitation of the destitute and the mentally challenged.
This model of a women’s network is being replicated in 14 other states of India as well as in a few countries such as Ethiopia and South Africa.
(For the complete presentation, refer to Annexure VII)
Local Economic Development and Poverty Alleviation through Women Self-help Groups and Local Governments
Mr. Sajith Sukumaran, Chief Operating Officer, Kudumbashree National Resource Organisation, provided the overall context from which the network (Kerala’s self-help group model) emerged and described its evolution from a government programme to a movement. The biggest learning experience from this model has been its organic relationship with local governments, which included translation of policies into processes, managing interfaces, and capacity building to work together as well as creation of system of linkages. This has led to outcomes such as higher pro-poor expenditure, convergence with human development initiatives, increased backing for women elected representatives and strengthening of democratic process in Gram and Ward Sabhas (People’s Assembly). Future plans of Kudumbashree include participatory anti-poverty planning and promoting peer learning within the network.
(For the complete presentation, refer to Annexure VIII)
Visit to Kudumbashree Producer Groups
The delegation formed two groups to visit Kudumbashree producer groups in two village Panchayats. The first group visited Amrutham Nutri Mix Producers Group in Erumapetty Grama Panchayat, while the second group visited Kerasree Organic Coconut Oil Producers Group, Adat Grama Panchayat.
The groups interacted with the Kudumbashree members to know more about the production process, the marketing and sale of products as well as how Kudumbashree has improved the quality of their lives. The participants also gained an understanding of local government support to Kudumbashree activities and the convergence of the network’s activities with those of the local governments.
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Role of Local Government Associations in Kerala Elected representatives, Adv. K. Thulacy Teacher, President of Kerala Grama Panchayath Association (KGPA), Mr. K. K. Nasser, Chamber of Municipal Chairmen, and Mr. V. A. Manojkumar, Kerala Block Panchayat Association, who are also members of LGAs, gave the participants an overview on LGAs and their relationship with the government. LGAs in Kerala are powerful institutions which have a voice in formulating policies concerning local governments. The LGAs follow democratic functioning with representation from local governments at corresponding local government level.
Adv. K. Thulacy Teacher briefed the delegation on the overall structure of KGPA and its objectives, which include: � Serving as an interface between the state government and the Panchayats and resolving issues
collaboratively
� Facilitating knowledge sharing between Panchayats
� Ensuring effective functioning of Panchayats through monitoring and evaluation of the governance, planning and implementation of Panchayat initiatives
KGPA also supports implementation of four state level missions, Haritha Kerala Mission, Aardharam Mission, Education Mission, and LIFE Mission.
(For the complete presentation, refer to Annexure IX)
Innovations by Local Governments in Kerala
Child-Friendly Local Governance
Dr. Peter M. Raj, KILA, explained different aspects of Child Friendly Local Governance (CFLG), a governance approach for child-centric local planning and a methodology to localise the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. In Kerala, 154 local self-governments are using this approach to provide evidence for institutionalising CFLG in all local self-governments. Dr. Raj provided an illustration of how the CFLG approach was used in tackling the issue of child marriage in a particular local self-government by improving schools and creating support mechanisms for children.
(For the complete presentation, refer to Annexure X)
Green Army Labour Bank
Mr. Anup Kishore and Mr. Vinod shared details about the Green Army Labour Bank which aims to enhance productivity of paddy cultivation. The initiative has emerged from the convergence of different levels of local governments, non-governmental organisations, government departments and Kerala Agricultural University. The Labour Bank provides complete support services for paddy cultivation, covering nine village Panchayats under Wadakkanchery Block Panchayat.
Set against the context of declining paddy cultivation in Kerala, the experiment involved creating paddy collectives and mechanisation of cultivation, and ensuring timely support such as seeds and irrigation from respective government departments. The process included discussions with paddy collectives, trainings and participatory planning. Some of the Labour Bank’s achievements include disbursement of wages of INR 2,000 for 50-100 days of the year to members along with other benefits. This experiment is being upscaled to neighbouring districts to cover 43 block Panchayats and 280 village Panchayats.
(For the complete presentation, refer to Annexure XI)
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Institutionalised Capacity Development of Local Governments in KeralaDr. Joy Elamon detailed the background to KILA becoming the nodal institution of capacity development of local governments in Kerala. When the People’s Campaign of 1996 was introduced, the magnitude of training was huge, given the numbers to be trained. There were different categories of stakeholders, several thematic areas, as well as a need for repeat trainings and quality assurance. A cascading strategy was used for training through key resource persons, district resource persons and local resource persons. Support was also taken from technical institutes and provision of handbooks was also ensured. Rigorous planning, monitoring and correction was taken up to ensure quality of training.
In the transition phase, KILA was identified as the nodal training institution. The Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)-funded CAPDECK project helped KILA in building infrastructure, especially residential facilities for staff, enabling the institution to deliver large-scale residential training programmes.
Currently, a decentralised training system is being followed with key resource persons being trained at KILA, who, in turn, provide training to district resource persons who then build the capacity of local resource persons. There are also mobile field teams through extension faculty to support local governments.
(For the complete presentation, refer to Annexure XII)
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Development Missions and Local Self-Governments: A Platform for Effective ConvergenceMr. Rajendran and Mr. N. Jagajeevan of Kerala Haritha Mission described the functions being undertaken by local self-governments in Kerala and the skills they have acquired in the process such as planning, implementation and community participation. However, certain gaps and challenges have emerged with regard to techno-managerial skills, quality of service delivery, participation and transparency.
Four state level missions—Haritha Kerala Mission (Agriculture, Environment, and Solid Waste Management), Aardharam Mission (Universal Health Care), Education Mission and LIFE Mission (Livelihoods and Housing)—aim at overcoming these gaps and challenges by using local self-governments as inter-sectoral convergence platforms.
(For the complete presentation, refer to Annexure XIII)
Capacity Building of Local Governments: Experiences from South and East AsiaThe participants presented capacity building initiatives of local governments in their specific countries.
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Insights into Kerala’s Journey of Decentralisation In a fitting conclusion to the training programme, Mr. S.M. Vijayanand, Former Chief Secretary, Government of Kerala, summarised the Kerala decentralisation story and shared his insights with the delegation. He mentioned that the last major cross-country study conducted by Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India, i.e. the Panchayat Devolution Index for 2015-16, identified Kerala as the leader in policy and practice of devolution of powers to rural local self-governments. Policy continuity regarding decentralisation in Kerala across seven governments from opposing political coalitions is a major reason for leadership in decentralisation.
Key Enabling Factors for Improved Local Governance
� Getting macro politics of decentralisation correct with support from top leaders of major political parties of the state
� Following the principle ‘work and worker will go together’
� Managing the decentralisation process without upsetting overall governance situation in the state
� Formula for fiscal decentralisation
� Freedom for local application of funds
� Big Bang approach for decentralisation so that reversal of processes becomes difficult
� ‘Humanising the State’
� Improving participation of citizens for ‘constructive public action’
� Peer learning from Panchayats to enable learning from leaders
� Adoption of ideas such as CFLG and Aged Friendly Local Governance
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Kerala’s Achievements in Decentralisation
� Methodology of participatory planning
� Fiscal decentralisation within a framework
� Formula-based funding of local governments
� Strong State Election Commission for conducting free and fair elections to local governments
� State Finance Commission to recommend resource sharing between State and local governments
� Ombudsman for local governments for registering grievances against local governments
� Appellate Tribunal for adjudication of conflicts between local governments and the citizens
� LGAs for advocacy and providing a reality check with regard to policies and programmes of local governments
� Coordination Committee chaired by local self-government minister and heads of all important institutions related to local government to resolve issues at policy level
� Promotion of care and compassion programmes such as caring of aged, destitute and physically challenged children
� Emergence of good local models
Challenges and Gaps in Local Governance
� Citizen education with regard to local governments
� Limited focus on governance
� Emphasis more on process and less on systems
� Weakness of formal accountability systems
� Local resource mobilisation
� Weakness in regulatory roles
� Lack of required skill sets in local governments
� Tribal development not a focus despite decentralisation
� Corruption in local governments
� Planning needs to be based on data more than local negotiations
� Multi-level planning for health, education, and local economic development
� Development of Annual Plans and Five Year Plans
� Local economic development in industrial sector
� Local governments and rights based development
� Climate change and ecological challenges
� Urbanisation challenges beyond local governments especially in waste management and mobility
� Capacity development shifting to need-based and demand-based capacity building programmes
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ANNEXURES
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Annexure I: KILA International Training Programme 25-30 September 2017-Detailed Agenda
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Annexure II: List of Participants
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S.No Name & Address 21
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Mr Sek Ratha PACT Cambodia Email [email protected] Ms Sarika Shyam Sonare Resource & Support Centre for Development (RSCD) India Email [email protected] Mr Somasekhar Alkod State Coordinator The Hunger Project (THP) India Email [email protected] Ms Sunita Subhash Bhosale Abhivyakti Foundation India Email [email protected] Mr Bounchanh Niyavong DDG Department of Local administration, Ministry of Home affairs LAO.P.D.R Email [email protected] Ms Tuya Majig Association of Mongolian Local Authority Mongolia Email [email protected] Mr Aung Shwe Oo Programme Head Scholar Institute Mynamar Email [email protected] Mr Ramanayake Mudiyanselage Chadini Akushia Ramanayake Programme Officer Federation of Sri Lankan Local Government Authorities (FSLGA) Srilanka Email [email protected] Mr Yacoub Zacharia Kuruvilla LOGIN Secretariat Email [email protected]
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Annexure III: Local Governance in India
Local Governance in India
S.S. MeenakshisundaramVisiting Professor
National Institute of Advanced Studies
Bangalore
25 September 2017
Slide 01
History of Panchayats in India
Village communities or ‘Panchayats’ i.e., council of five people have been in existence in India for centuries.
Autonomy of these panchayats gradually disappeared during British rule.
Lord Ripon’s attempt to establish local self-government in 1882.
Gandhiji’s concept of ‘Swaraj’ i.e., self-rule, a democracy based upon individual freedom.
Slide 02
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In the Constituent Assembly
Reluctance of the Constitution makers to agree upon the village as the basic unit of administration.
Article 40 of the Constitution of India:“The State shall take steps to organize village panchayats and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as units of self-government”
Slide 03
The Birth of Decentralization
Creation of Community Development (CD) blocks in India Evaluation of the CD Programme “So long as we do not discover or create a representative and
democratic institution which will supply the local interest, supervision and care necessary to ensure that expenditure of money upon local objects confirms with the needs and wishes of the locality, invest it with adequate power and assign to it appropriate finances, we will never be able to evoke local interest and excite local initiative in the filed of development”
- Balwantrai G Mehta Study Teamon Community Development
Slide 04
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The phase of decline (1969-77)
Weakening of commitment to democratic values Reduction in flow of funds to C.D. programme Tendency to postpone elections to PRIs by the State
governments
Reluctance of the state leaders and bureaucrats to devolve power and functions to PRIS
The dominance of economically/socially privileged sections of the society in some PRIs and
Lack of education and awareness among the people themselves.
Slide 06
The First Phase
Recommendations of the Balwantrai Mehta Committee To organise a three-tier Panchayati Raj consisting of:
Village Panchayat (for a group of villages) Panchayat Samiti (at the block level) Zilla Parishad (at the district level)
Panchayat Samithi is the key level of decentralisation. Local variations in Maharashtra and Gujarat.
The Phase of ascendancy during 1961-64, with the establishment of Panchayatiraj Institutions (PRIs) throughout India.
Slide 05
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The next phase
Recommendations of the Ashok Mehta Committee constituted in 1977 to create a two- tier structure consisting of
Mandal Panchayat (for a population of 20,000 to 30,000)
Zilla Parishad (at the district level) ZP to be the key level for decentralisation.
Participation of Political parties at all levels of panchayat elections.
No action on this report at the central level.
Attempts however in some States: West Bengal, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
Slide 07
The Revival
Recommendations of the GVK Rao committee on administrative arrangements for rural development in 1985.
Dr. Singhvi Committee’s concept paper on revitalisation of PRIs in 1986.
Constitution Amendment Bills introduced by: Rajiv Gandhi in 1989 V.P. Singh in 1990 Narasimha Rao in 1991
Constitution (73rd Amendment) Act, 1992 brought into force, with effect from April 24, 1993
Slide 08
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Salient Features of The Amendment
Provisions made for nomination of Members of the State Legislature/Parliament in the intermediate and district panchayats, if the state so chooses.
Reservations to: SC/ST as per population Women, not less than one-third Backward classes made optional Both in members and among chairpersons
A State Election Commissioner to prepare electoral rolls and hold panchayat elections.
Slide 10
The current structure
Gram Sabha(Village Council)
Village Panchayat
Taluk Panchayat
District Panchayat
State Government
Slide 09
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Salient Features continued….
Provisions made for nomination of Members of the State Legislature/Parliament in the intermediate and district panchayats, if the state so chooses.
Reservations to:
SC/ST as per population
Women, not less than one-third
Backward classes made optional
Both in members and among chairpersons
A State Election Commissioner to prepare electoral rolls and hold panchayat elections.
Slide 11
Finance Commissions
State Finance Commission to make recommendations to the Governor as to the principles which should govern the distribution of financial resources between the State and the Panchayats and among the panchayats.
The Central Finance Commission to augment the consolidated Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the Panchayats.
Slide 12
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List of Subjects that the States May Entrust to PRIs
1 Agriculture, including agricultural extension
2 Land improvement, implementation of land reforms, land consolidation and soil conservations
3 Minor Irrigation, water management and watershed development.
4 Animal husbandry, dairying and poultry
5 Fisheries
6 Social forestry and farm forestry
7 Minor forest produce
8 Small scale industries, including food processing industries
9 Poverty alleviation programme
10 Education, including primary and secondary schools
Slide 14
The Process
Devolution of powers and responsibilities upon Panchayats at the appropriate level, with respect to:-
a) The preparation of plans for economic development and social justice;
b) The implementation of schemes for economic development and social justice as may be entrusted to them including those in relation to the matters listed in the Eleventh Schedule.
Article 243 G
Slide 13
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List of Subjects continued…..
11 Technical training and vocational education
12 Adult and non-formal education
13 Libraries
14 Cultural activities
15 Markets and fairs
16 Health and sanitation, including hospitals, primary health centres and dispensaries
17 Khadi, village and cottage industries
18 Rural housing
19 Drinking water
20 Fuel and fodder
21 Roads, culverts, bridges, ferries, waterways, and other means of communication
Slide 15
List of Subjects continued…..
22 Rural electrifications, including distribution of electricity
23 Non conventional energy sources
24 Family welfare
25 Women and child development
26 Social welfare, including welfare of handicapped and mentally retarded
27 Welfare of the weaker sections and in particular, of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes
28 Public distribution system
29 Maintenance of community assets
Slide 16
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The Problems
Poor response to Gram Sabhas in most cases. Lack of operational linkages between different tiers. Poor accountability of officials to the elected local
representatives.
Mental reservations of State level leaders and bureaucracy. Dichotomy between national planning and local planning. Evaluation, monitoring and midcourse corrections more difficult.
Slide 18
Positive Features
Improvement in attendance of school teachers, medical staff etc.
Increase in revenue from assets transferred. Stricter accountability of the elected representatives and the
bureaucracy.
Significant public awareness of the programmes. Better communication between the people and the
Government. Early warning system for Disaster Management.
Slide 17
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Threats
Reluctance to accept multiparty system and the rule of law in a federal set up.
Reluctance of state level politicians to give up power. Resistance from the secretariat and heads of departments.
Resistance by organised unions. Attitude of local leaders. Ineffective participation especially of women, SCs and STs.
Paucity of resources.
Slide 19
Further Developments
Creation of a separate Ministry in 2004. Activity Mapping completed in most States District Planning Manual prepared to facilitate planning at
grassroots level.
Substantial funds are being allotted to Gram Panchayats for local level planning.
A Devolution Index prepared annually to facilitate competition and provide incentives to the better performing PRIs.
Slide 20
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Despite this Scenario
25 years is not a long period in the history of a country. PRIs have come to stay. They are integral part of our federal
structure. Course corrections are still possible.
Introduction of Social Audit and Right to Information have enhanced accountability.
Expert Committees have been formed to look at ways and means to strengthen the PRIs.
Slide 22
Still…..we find
Poor devolution of functions, funds and functionaries in several States.
Fragmentation of programs and funding streams. No convergence at any level.
Power retained at State and Central levels through parallel bodies and line departments.
Poor accountability at all levels. Absence of public demand and political will.
Slide 21
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Second Administrative Reforms Commission
Creation of a district government common to urban and rural areas which will also perform the functions of the DPC.
Restructuring Gram Panchayats to make them viable. Flow of Funds for all development schemes including centrally
sponsored schemes through PRIs.
Activate Gram Sabhas to ensure people’s participation in decision making.
No officer of the State to have any power to suspend or rescind any action of the PRIs or to supersede or dissolve them.
Slide 23
Success will however depend on:
Adhering to Activity Mapping. Enhancing both tied and untied funds for PRIs. Enforcing decentralized planning through people’s
participation.
Political will and bureaucratic support.
Slide 24
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Annexure IV: Local Government System in Kerala
Local Government System in Kerala
Dr J B RajanDr. J.B. Rajan
Associate Professor, KILA [email protected]@kila.ac.in
KERALA INSTITUTE OF LOCAL ADMINISTRATIONKERALA INSTITUTE OF LOCAL ADMINISTRATION
Slide 01
73rd & 74th Amendments to Indian ConstitutionIndian Constitution
A third tier of government, Local Governments as institutions of g ,self government
Grama Sabha, constitutional forum for direct democracy District Planning Committee (DPC), platform for bottom up
planning
Slide 02
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73rd & 74th Amendments………other featuresother features
State Election Commission, for regular & fair election, g
State Finance Commission, for fiscal matters
Reservation for women
Reservation for SC and ST
Slide 03
Kerala Model of Decentralisation is renowned renowned
Slide 04
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Average Population
Village Panchayatg y 26,000
Block Panchayat 49,000
District Panchayat 5,25,000
Slide 06
Conformity Acts by Kerala in 1994
Kerala Panchayat Raj Acty j Three-Tier Panchayat Raj Institutions
941 Village Panchayats 152 Block Panchayats 14 District Panchayats
Kerala Municipality Act Nagarapalika Institutions
87 Municipalities 87 Municipalities 6 Corporations
Total 1200 Local Governmentso a 00 oca Gove e s
Slide 05
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No. of Elected Representatives
Grama Panchayatsy 15,962
Block Panchayats 2,076
District Panchayats 331 331
Municipalities 3,122
Corporations 414
Total 21095
Slide 07
Grama Sabha [Village Assembly]
Constituencyy Ward
Members Voters in the Ward
Rights Decide development priority Finalise beneficiary list
Slide 08
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Panchayat Office
Office of President, Vice Presidents, and Standing Committee Chairpersons
Office of Secretary Office of Other Staff Office of Other Staff
Assistant Secretary Junior Superindent Accountant Senior Clerk Clerks [including Front Office Clerk] Clerks [including Front Office Clerk] Peon Driver Sweeper
Slide 10
Democratic Governance
Standing Commiteesg Finance, Development, Welfare, Health & Education
Institutional Management Committees Eg. Hospital Management Commitee
Planning Committees Working Groups
Slide 09
38
Institutions & Staff
Primary, Secondary, and Higher Secondary Schoolsy, y, g y Dispensaries, PHCs, CHCs, Taluk Hospitals under 3 three
streams Anganwadis District Farms – Agriculture & Animal Husbandry Krishi Bhavan, Matsya Bhavan All Veterinary Institutions-District & below P t i H t l f SC Prematric Hostels for SCs
Slide 11
Kerala Model of Decentralisation
Administrative Decentralisation Developmental Decentralisation Fiscal Decentralisation
Slide 12
39
Developmental Decentralisation
Responsibilities to Local Governmentsp Planning
Productive Infrastructure Welfare
Slide 14
Administrative Decentralisation
Functions and functionaries Functions: mandatory, general, sectoral Functionaries: 17 departments
Strategy of decentralisation People’s Plan Campaign
Principles of devolution
Slide 13
40
Fiscal Decentralisation
Big bangg g Budget window Own Source Revenue
Slide 15
Local Self Government Department (LSGD)(LSGD)
LSGD – Minister Principal Secretary to Government Di t t f P h t Directorate of Panchayat Directorate of Urban Affairs Engineering Wing Town & Country Planning State Performance Audit
KILA KILA IKM Kudumbashree
Slide 16
41
Supportive Mechanism
Appellate Tribunalpp Ombudsman for Local Governments State Development Council Coordination Committee on Decentralisation Local Government Commission Nava Keralam Mission
Slide 17
42
Financing Local Governments in Kerala
ByD S GDr. Sunny George
ProfessorKerala Institute of Local Administration
Thrissur, Kerala-680 5819446606973
Slide 01
Annexure V: Financing Local Governments in Kerala
Local Self Governments Constitution of IndiaPart IX Panchayats and Part IXA MunicipalitiesPart IX Panchayats and Part IXA Municipalities
Panchayats in Rural Areas and Municipalities in Urban Areasy p Elections in Every Five Years State Election Commission for Local Governments Note less than one-third seats for women Proportional Representation for SC & ST District Planning Committee Gram Sabhas State Finance Commission
Slide 02
43
Functions of Panchayats 11th Schedule, Article 243GArticle 243G
1. Agriculture including agricultural extension.
2. Land improvement, implementation of land reforms, land consolidation and soil conservation.
3. Minor irrigation, water management and watershed development.
4. Animal husbandry, dairying and poultry.
5. Fisheries.
6. Social forestry and farm forestry.
7. Minor forest produce.
8. Small sale industries, including food processing industries.
9. Khaki, village and cottage industries.
10. Rural housing.
D i ki 11. Drinking water.
12. Fuel and fodder.
13. Roads, culverts, bridges, ferries, waterways and other means of communication.
R ral electrification incl ding distrib tion of electricit14. Rural electrification, including distribution of electricity.
15. Non-conventional energy sources.
Slide 03
Functions of Panchayats 11th Schedule, Article 243GArticle 243G
16. Poverty alleviation programme.17. Education, inducing primary education and secondary schools.18. Technical training and vocational education.19. Adult and non-formal education.20. Libraries.21. Cultural activities.22. Markets and fairs.23. Health and sanitation, including hospitals, primary health centres and dispensaries.24 Family welfare24. Family welfare.25. Women and child development.26. Social welfare, including welfare of the handicapped and mentally retarded.27. Welfare of weaker sections, and in particular, of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.28. Public distribution system.29. Maintenance of community assets.
Slide 04
44
Functions of Municipalities12th Schedule Article 243W12th Schedule, Article 243W
1. Urban planning including town planning.R l i f l d d i f b ildi2. Regulation of land use and construction of buildings.
3. Planning for economic and social development.4. Roads and bridges.5. Water supply for domestic, industrial and commercial purposes.
Public health sanitation conservancy and solid waste management6. Public health, sanitation, conservancy and solid waste management.7. Fire services.8. Urban forestry, protection of environment and promotion of ecological aspects.9. Safeguarding the interests of weaker sections of society, including the handicapped and mentally retarded.10 Slum improvement and upgradation10. Slum improvement and upgradation.11. Urban poverty alleviation.12. Provision of urban amenities and facilities such as parks, gardens, playgrounds.13. Promotion of cultural, educational and aesthetic aspects.14 Burials and burial grounds; cremations, cremation grounds and electric crematoriums.14. Burials and burial grounds; cremations, cremation grounds and electric crematoriums.15. Cattle ponds; prevention of cruelty to animals.16. Vital statistics including registration of births and deaths.17. Public amenities including street lighting, parking lots, bust stops and public conveniences.18. Regulation of slaughter houses and tanneries.g g
Slide 05
Local Governements in Kerala
PANCHAYATS [1107]NC S [ 07] Grama Panchayats 941 Block Panchayats 152y District Panchayats 14
MUNCIPALITIES [93] Municipal Councils 87 Municipal Corporations 6
Total 1200
Slide 06
45
Sources of Finance
State Government State Government Central Government Financial Institutions Financial Institutions Own Resources Beneficiary Contributions Beneficiary Contributions Voluntary Contributions
Slide 07
Financial Structure of Grama Panchayats, 2008-09
Source Amount(in Rs. Crores)
Percentage Share
Own Tax Revenue 160.3 6
Non-Tax Revenue 155.24 6
State Transfers 1738.06 69
Central Transfers 414.06 16
Borrowing 12.65 1Borrowing 12.65 1
Others 29.32 1
2509.63 100
Slide 08
46
F l S f G P h 2008 09Financial Structure of Grama Panchayats, 2008-09
Slide 09
Financial Structure Of Municipalities, 2008-09
Source Amount(in Rs. Crores)
Percentage Share
Own Tax Revenue 67.90 20
Non-Tax Revenue 41.72 12
State Transfers 179.75 53
Central Transfers 32.08 10
Borrowing 6.40 2g
Others 9.18 3
337.03 100
Slide 10
47
Financial Structure of Municipalities, 2008-09
Slide 11
Financial Structure of Corporations, 2008-09
Source Amount Percentage (in Rs. Crores) Share
Own Tax Revenue 77.95 24
N T R 36 88 12Non-Tax Revenue 36.88 12
State Transfers 165.79 52
Central Transfers 32 68 10Central Transfers 32.68 10
Borrowing 0.00 0
Others 5.84 2
319.14 100
Slide 12
48
Slide 13
Budget Provisions
Traditional Functions Maintenance of Roads Maintenance of Non-Road Assets Expansion and Development
Slide 14
49
Share of Development Fund, 2013-14
Fund Amount (In Rs. Crores)
Percentage Share
General Purpose 900.2 14
Maintenance (Road) 928.4 15
M i t (N d) 458 5 7Maintenance (Non-road) 458.5 7
Development 3003 48
World Bank Assistance 270 4
13th CSFC Grant 673.9 11
Total 6234 100
Slide 15
Major Categories of Fund 2013-14
Slide 16
50
Development Fund, 1998 to 2014
Slide 17
Share of Development Fund, 2013-14
LSG Amount(i R C )
Percentage Sh(in Rs. Crores) Share
GP 2879.3 54
BP 617.5 12
DP 839.6 16
MUNI 496.7 9
CORP 457.8 9
5290.9 100
Slide 18
51
Development Fund Share of LSGIs
Slide 19
Maintenance Fund, 2013-14
ITEM Amount(in Rs Crores)
Percentage Share(in Rs. Crores) Share
Road 2879.3 82
Non-road 617.5 18
3496.8 100
Slide 20
52
Maintenance Fund: Road and Non-road
Slide 21
Institutions and Posts Transferred to GramaPanchayatsPanchayats1. Agriculture Dept. Krishi Bhavan
2. Animal Husbandry Dept. Veterinary sub-centre, Veterinary Dispensary/ Hospitals
3. Dairy Development Department
4. Fisheries Department
5. Rural Development Department
6. Social Welfare Department
7. SC Development
8. Tribal Development
9. Health Services Department (Allopathy)
10. Health Department (I.S.M.)
H l h D (H )11. Health Department (Homeo)
12. General Education Department
13. Public Works Department
Slide 22
53
1100
Pazhayannur GP: Development Fund, 1991 to 2012
733
825
917
1008
s.Lak
hs
458
550
642
733
men
t Fun
d in
Rs
183
275
367
Dev
elop
m
0
92
1998 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011Year
Slide 23
Own Tax Revenue Grama Panchayats, 2008-09
Source Amount(in Rs Crores)
Percentage Share(in Rs. Crores) Share
Property Tax 75.90 47
Professional Tax 75.56 47
Entertainment Tax 3.80 2
Advertisement Tax 0.26 0
Oth T 4 60 3Other Taxes 4.60 3
160.12 100
Slide 24
54
Items of Own Tax Revenue of Grama Panchayats, 2008-09
Slide 25
Own Tax Revenue Municipal Councils, 2008-09
Source Amount(in Rs. Crores)
Percentage Share(in Rs. Crores) Share
Property Tax 36.90 54
Professional Tax 20.93 31
Entertainment Tax 7.82 12
Advertisement Tax 0.49 1
Other Taxes 1.72 3Other Taxes 1.72 3
67.86 100
Slide 26
55
Slide 27
Items of Own Tax Revenue Municipal Corporations, 2008-09
Source Amount(in Rs. Crores)
Percentage Share(in Rs. Crores) Share
Property Tax 40.59 52
Professional Tax 28.42 36
Entertainment Tax 8.00 10
Advertisement Tax 0.87 1
Other Taxes 0.07 0O e a es 0.07 0
77.95 100
Slide 28
56
Items of Own Tax Revenue of Municipal Corporations, 2008-09
Slide 29
Plan Allocation for Local Development (Development Fund)(Development Fund)
TOTAL FUND - GENERAL SECTOR INCLUDES
Devolution from Union Finance Commission
W ld B k t d KLGSDPWorld Bank supported - KLGSDP
Special Grant
General Sector Rural:Urban = 80:20
(Non SC/ST Population of Rural and Urban)
Slide 30
57
Allocation of Development Fund
General
RURAL : URBAN
80 : 20
GP : BP : DP
70 : 15 : 15
SCP
RURAL : URBAN
86 : 1486 : 14
GP :BP: DP
60 : 20 : 20
TSP
RURAL : URBAN
98.61 : 1.39
GP:BP:DP
60 :20 :20
Slide 31
Slide 32
58
Participatory Planning: How it Happened and Happening in KeralaHappened and Happening in Kerala
Joy ElamonDirector
KERALA INSTITUTE OF LOCAL ADMINISTRATIONKERALA INSTITUTE OF LOCAL ADMINISTRATIONKERALA INSTITUTE OF LOCAL ADMINISTRATIONKERALA INSTITUTE OF LOCAL ADMINISTRATION
Slide 01
Annexure VI: Participatory Planning in Kerala
Principles
1. Autonomyy2. Subsidiarity3. Role Clarity4. Complementarity5. Uniformity6. People’s Participation7. Accountability8. Transparency
Slide 02
59
Were We Ready?
The Story Begins
Slide 03
The Big Bang
Preconditions for Decentralisation
Rules Human Resources Capacity Development
Fiscal Devolution, Campaign
andPressure from Below
Slide 04
60
Approach of People’s Plan CampaignCampaign
Bottom - Up Processp From citizens to upwards starting from village assemblies
Massive Capacity building initiative Through Cascading and phase wise trainings
Village assemblies as platforms for citizen engagement Learning by doing Follows a definite methodology
Slide 05
Participatory Planning
Bottom - Up Processp From citizens to upwards starting from village assemblies
Massive Capacity building initiative Through Cascading and phase wise trainings
Village assemblies as platforms for citizen engagement Learning by doing Follows a definite methodology
Slide 06
61
Village Assemblies
Environment buildingg Training, handbooks Problems, needs and solutions listed Discussions in subject groups Teams for Development Report
Slide 07
Towards Plan
Task Forces Shelf of Projects Prioritisation Plan Back to Gram Sabhas Finalisation Vetting Approval
Slide 08
62
LOLGIN 26 September 2017
Gramasabhas
Projects
Development Seminars
Projects
GP Plan
IP/DP Plan
Approval
Slide 09
Associated Actions
Committee on Decentralization of Powers Conformity legislations Fund flow mechanisms Implementation mechanisms Implementing officers Accounts Departmental orders Integrating vertical schemes
Slide 10
63
Associated Actions
Reporting/review systemp g/ y Plan Monitoring System (PMS) Local level monitoring Performance audit Social audit Ombudsman Appellate Authority Capacity building Information Kerala Mission
L l G t A i ti Local Government Associations
Slide 11
Participatory Planning Now
Projectisation
Working Groups
District Planning Committee
Final Development Status Reports
St k h ld
Report & PlanDocument
SuggestionsStakeholder ConsultationsDevelopment
Seminar
Village Sub-Need specific
i Pl
Draft Development Report & Plan
Document Village Assembly
SubCommittees suggestions on Plan
Slide 12
64
Framework
Grama Sabha [Village Assembly][ g y]Platform for Direct Democracy
Planning CommitteeFacilitation of Planning
Working Groups [Sectoral Planning Committees of Local Go ernments]Governments]Triangulation
Standing Committees Standing CommitteesFacilitating Working Groups
Slide 13
Planning for Social Justice
Women Component Plan (WCP)p ( ) Minimum 10% of Plan Outlay
Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan (SCSP) Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP) Special Categories: Aged, Differently Abled, Children
Minimum 5% of Plan Outlay ASHRAYA [Plan for Destitute]
C Palliative Care
Slide 14
65
Outcome Based Planning
Nava Keralam Mission – through Local Governments; tog ;address second generation developmental issues of Kerala Haritha Keralam – Green Kerala Aardram - Health LIFE – Housing and Sustainable livelihoods St th i P bli Ed ti S t Strengthening Public Education System
It is a leap towards SDGs
Slide 15
People’s Planning; Computerised www plan lsgkerala gov inwww.plan.lsgkerala.gov.in
Slide 16
66
Slide 17
Achievements
Participatory planning methodology evolvedp y p g gy Formula based devolution established Large scale community infrastructure in villages decided by
the people Improved public service delivery Pro-poor expenditure Transparency D f b fi i l ti Due process for beneficiary selection Public contribution Creation of community assets Creation of community assets
Slide 18
67
Appraisals
Focus onHousingDrinking waterSanitationChild care centresHealth centresSchoolsInfrastructure
Quality improvement in educationWomen empowermentResource mobilisation
Many models
Slide 19
Systemic Changes
Women Component Planp
5% for Child, destitutes and elderly
Financial procedures evolved
Beneficiary selection system
Transparency in public works
Gram Sabhas for social a dit Gram Sabhas for social audit
NHGs/SHGs
Role clarity among tiersy g
Transfer of employees
People can sit together and plan
Slide 20
68
Future
Local Government Commission looking at institutionalisation efforts
a road map for the future
Moving towards quality of public service delivery
Front Desk
Total Quality Management
ISO certification
Child friendly local governance
Elderly friendly local governance
LGs for the differently abled
People’s Plan Campaign Phase 2
Greater transparency - ICT based
Integrating the Missions
Preparation of a participatory District Plan
From Training to Capability Development
Slide 21
69
Kudumbashree – Family Prosperity Through Women Collective
Slide 01
Overview
Family Prosperity through women collective
6. Additional roles
6. Scaling up
5. Impacts
2. When
1. What is Kudumbashree
3. Why
4. How
Slide 02
Annexure VII: Kudumbashree – Family Prosperity Through Women Collective
70
Mission Statement
To eradicate absolute poverty in ten years throughconcentrated community action under the leadership of localgovernments, by facilitating organisation of poor for combiningself help with demand led convergence of available servicesand resources to tackle the multiple dimensions andmanifestations of poverty holistically
Family Prosperity through women collective
Slide 04
Kudumbashree
Poverty eradication and women empowerment programme implemented by the state poverty eradication mission (SPEM)
Community institution of women working along with Local self governments for effective implementation of poverty eradication programmes and local economic development
Kudumbashree- Prosperity of Family, prosperity of family through women and prosperity of the society through family
Slide 03
71
Mission component
Kudumbashree community network
Kudumbashree
Slide 05
Mission Component
Minster of LSGD
Governing Body
Executive director
State mission
District mission
Chaired by the Minister LSGD, Principal Secretary, LSGD is the vice
chairperson Executive Director of Kudumbashree Mission is
its convenor. Representatives of the three layers of PRIs,
different government departments, the State Planning Board, State Women’s Commission, and NABARD as members.
Professional and government staff Programme domain Planning implementation and monitoring
Slide 06
72
Overview
6. Additional roles
7. Scaling up
5. Impacts
2. When
1. What is Kudumbashree
3. Why
4. How
Family Prosperity through women collectiveSlide 08
Community Structure
10 to 20 women per group; one per family258,035 NHG across Kerala3.9 million members
Federation of NHG at the ward levelCovers 98% of the State
Registered apex Federation at the Local Government levelCovers 100% of local governments in the State
Family Prosperity through women collectiveSlide 07
73
The Journey
19921994
19951998
20022008
20132016
Piloted in 7 wards of
AlapuzzhaMuncipality
Full coverage
in the state
Unified bye laws
and election
Kudumbashree as
NRO
International assignments
Tested in rural areas
of Mallapuramas part of
CBNP
Expanded to all Urban areas
Launch of Kudumbasree
mission
Family Prosperity through women collective
Slide 09
6. Additional roles
7. Scaling up
5. Impacts
2. When
1. What is Kudumbashree
3. Why
4. How
Overview
Family Prosperity through women collectiveSlide 10
74
Overview
6. Additional roles
7. Scaling up
5. Impacts
2. When
1. What is Kudumbashree
3. Why
4. How
Family Prosperity through women collectiveSlide 12
The Formation
Kudumbashree was set up in 1997 following the recommendations of a three member Task Force appointed by the State government.
Formation was in the context of the devolution of powers to the Panchayat Raj Institutions (PRIs) in Kerala, and the Peoples’ Plan Campaign, which attempted to draw up the Ninth Plan of the local governments from below through the PRIs.
Slide 11
75
NH
G
NH
G
NH
G
NH
G 1. President
2. Secretary3. Volunteer (Income generation)4. Volunteer (Health and Education)5. Volunteer (Infrastructure)
AD
S
AD
S
ADS chairpersonADS vice chairpersonADS secretary7 member executive committee
CD
S CDS chairpersonCDS vice chairperson
Executive committee one/ADS
Bye Law
Election
Slide 13
6. Additional roles
7. Scaling up
5. Impacts
2. When
1. What is Kudumbashree
3. Why
4. How
Overview
Family Prosperity through women collectiveSlide 14
76
Economic
No of NHGs – 2,53,414No of NHG Members –40,17530
Total Thrift – 3192 Cr.Total Internal loan – 13058 Cr.
NHGs having Live Linkage – 1,55,873Live Linkage Loan Amount-4665 Cr.
Support structures Grading of NHGs
Matching Grant- Incentive forgrading and linkage
Interest Subsidy Scheme – (NRLM,NULM and State)
Auditing - Kudumbashree Auditand Accounts Service Society(KAASS)
Financial Literacy Campaign. Antimoney laundering campaign
Community Monitoring - Byelaw,MF Conveners, Internal Auditing
Financial inclusion
Slide 16
Synergies from Collective Action
Women working and acting together not only empower women, but
also strengthen their families socially and economically
Social
Women’
Economic
Empowerment
A movement called KudumbashreeSlide 15
77
NHG Based Seasonal enterprises (festival focus)
NHG thrift or linkage loan based
Bank linked/Kudumbas
hree subsidy
Rural & Urban Micro Enterprise Scheme (RME & UME)
Yuvashree programme for youth from NHG families
Self Employment Programme (NULM)
Sales and marketing enterprise (SME)
Owned, run and managed (OME concept) by the entrepreneurs themselves. Individual or group enterprises having an annual return of Rs. 1 lakh to
Rs. 30 lakh. A potential to generate a minimum of Rs. 5000- per member a month
Livelihood – Micro Enterprises
Economic
Slide 17
Economic
Livelihood – Micro Enterprises
Large scale – flagship
IT units
Canteen and Catering IRCTC – E Catering
Nutrimix
Slide 18
78
Economic
Livelihood – Micro enterprises – support strucuture
Training
General Orientation Training
Entrepreneurship Development programme
Skill Training Accounting & Book
keeping Performance
Improvement programme
Financial Support
Loan linked subsidy support
Innovation and technology support
Crisis Management Support
Second Dose Assitance
Revolving fund
Technical Support
MEC support-Specially trained groups of KudumbashreeMission to capacitate entrepreneurs on business management and counseling
Slide 20
Economic
Livelihood – Micro Enterprises
Large scale – flagship
Santwanam
Construction group Kudumbashree travels
Wellness Centre
Slide 19
79
Economic
Livelihood – Micro enterprises – marketing support
Markets
Monthly /Weekly and Daily Markers
Seasonal/ Festival fair
Permanent markets
Home shop
Local production-marketing-consumption value chain.
professional management team to oversee logistics of production and distribution
Branded products
10 Products branded to cater to premium markets
Slide 21
Economic
Agriculture
Joint Liability groups – 54167 groups, 242000 members
Lease land farming – 42,000 Ha of land
Credit linkage-more than 200 Cr
Farmer Facilitation centers – 962
Bio Pharmacy – 192
Seed bank -165
Slide 22
80
Women
Political inclusion
Statistics of the Kudumbashree members elected from the Local self Government Election 2015
15863 member from Kudumbashree network contested from 21682 wards
7376 members won the election
313 elected women members are currently heading 3 tiers of Panchaythi Raj, Municipalities and Corporation
Slide 24
Economic
Livelihood – Farm based
Agriculture
Joint Liability groups – 54167 groups, 242000 members
Lease land farming – 42,000 Ha of land
Credit linkage-more than 200 Cr
Farmer Facilitation centers – 962
Bio Pharmacy – 192
Seed bank -165
Slide 23
81
Innovative programme devised by Kudumbashree and rolled out in 2007
Self learning approach understands the strength and limitation of each member involved in the learning process
Life experiences of women are translated into precepts for practice, thus developing them as a knowledge base.
Encourage strategic discussions in the NHG on gender issues touching the lives of poor women.
86846 resource persons and 3.5 lakhs of support team members are the Cascading channels of the self learning programme
Women
Gender self learning
Slide 25
GSLP - Third Module- Women and MobilityFirst Phase Mobility and Society Completed
Activity Group formation - Women Sports Group, Thattukada etc NHG level family meet Part of Module based activity
Women
Gender self learning
Slide 26
82
ANTI HUMAN TRAFFICKING PROGRAMME- piloted in 3 districts with activeconvergence with Police, Local governments and other departments. Giving Support toincome generation programme for the identified High Risk group members (1007)
Gender Help Desk- (SNEHITHA)- 24 hours support for women who are in need /distress. worked in 6 Districts now- Thiruvananthapuram, Malappuram, Eranakulam (started in 2013) Idukki, Palakkad&Wayanad (started in 2015)
Gender Corner – Community based resolving mechanism to address the atrocities against women and children in convergence with other departments and agencies especially Jagrathasamithi
Crime Mapping – Mapping of the violence against women & children in an area through data collection from women and through unsafe space identification. Kudumbashree conducted Crime Mapping in selected 71 panchayaths
Women
Other initiatives
Slide 28
ICT enabled knowledge creation and sharing for women in the developmentsector
Portal provides a useful venue for discussing issues and ideas, creating modules, collating programme reports, clearing doubts, and, most importantly, helping women become computer and technology savvy.
140 Trained persons (Master Trainers) from the Kudumbashree network are giving training at the grassroots level
1072 CDS’s completed portal Training for the selected five persons, 29029registered users, 93,600 posts and 2,91,796 views are there in portal
Women
Sree- Sakthi Portal
Slide 27
83
Community Theatre- Rangasree- Rangasree is a program to train selected women fromKudumbasree in Theatre with the aim of establishing community theatres in every CDS of theState. It also aims to disseminate the messages of social justice, equality, sustainable development etc. As aplot programme implemented in 5 districts.37 master trainers were trained through 4 levels of TrainingThese Master trainers will be in charge of imparting trainings at CDS level and also they can benational resource persons
Community Counseling- 320 Counseling Educators were selected from all the 14 Districts. And given training based on a module developed by the counseling experts. Now these 320 counselors were working as the community counselors of Kudumbashree and collaborate with Gender Corner and Snehitha Gender Help Desk.
Swasthyam- Prevention and Control of Cancer through Promoting healthy living Promotion of organic farming for pesticide free vegetables based on the ‘spare and share’ concept Activity- Training for the CDS members – 3 members from a CDS One day sensitization workshop for ADS – One representative from each NHG NHG level discussion on Cancer – Motivating them to Camps Camps at LSG level
Women
Other initiatives
Slide 29
Women
Gallery
Slide 30
84
Social
Rehabilitation of Intellectually Challenged
BUDS and BRC
For the differently abled-Moderate to profound mental disability
Disability specific interventions – from basic life skills to vocational training
LSG owned schools – sponsorship, community/ parent management support
59 schools at present with 2410 students
Slide 32
Social
Destitute Rehabilitation
Ashraya
Catering to marginalized groups: tribal communities, differently abled, persons with chronic illness.
More than 1, 55, 67 beneficiaries. Implemented across Kerala through 1042 CDS.
Services catering to basic needs of infrastructural, survival, development and mental health.
Monetary expenditure met by pooling from different sources: Plan fund, Challenge Fund ( 40% of total project cost or 25 lakhs) and sponsorships.
Slide 31
85
Social
Holistic Growth of Children
Balasabha
A 3 tier community based network of children from age group of 5-18.
Thrust on overall development of children through a right based approach enhancing their creativity and leadership skills through ensuring their participatory rights.
Small Learning Groups for experimental and systematic learning
Slide 33
Social
Basis Services
Social security
Housing Elderly Insurance
Slide 34
86
Across India and Aboard
14 states in the Inda
Free state of South Africa
Uganda
Azerbijan
Ethiopia
Slide 35
87
Poverty Alleviation and Local Economic Development
through Women’s Self Help Groups and Local Governmentsthrough Womens Self Help Groups and Local Governments
Sajith Sukumaran
KILAKILA
27th September 201727th September 2017
Slide 01
Annexure VIII: Poverty Alleviation and Local Economic Development through Women’s Self Help Groups and Local Governments
Poverty
Multiple dimensions of poverty
Education Years of schooling Child school enrolment Child school enrolment
Health Child mortality Nutrition
Standard of Living Drinking water, sanitationg , Cooking fuel, electricity Flooring, assets ownership
Slide 02
88
Local Governments
Constitutional status of Local Governments Institutions of Self-Government Gram Panchayats as third tier of governance With functions and responsibilities
Including Poverty Reduction Constitutional Role of Local Governments
Economic development and social justice
Slide 03
Nature of Panchayats
Constitutional entities Governance entities Legal entities Political entities Development and service delivery agencies
MGNREGA IAY
SBA SBA
Slide 04
89
Nature of Panchayats
Managers and supervisors of service delivery institutionsg p y Anganwadies
Welfare agencies Pensions
Civic agencies Water supply Sanitation
St t li ht Street lights
Slide 05
Kerala’s Local Governments
Institutions of deliberative and participatory democracyp p y y Legislation and institutional steps, 1994
Acts and Rules following Constitutional AmendmentsState Finance Commission and State Election Commission
Decentralisation of functions‘O b 2’ G O d 1995 ‘October 2’ Government Order, 1995
Decentralisation of functionaries and fundsDecentralisation 1996Decentralisation, 1996People’s Plan Campaign
Slide 06
90
Local Governments and the Poor
Panchayats are the institutions of governance closest to the y gpeople
It offers platform for direct democracy through Gram Sabha Poverty alleviation is one of its mandated functions From Concept to Framework to Lived Experiences
C h P f P h ? Can the Poor gain from Panchayats? Can the Poor address Poverty through Panchayats Limitations of Access and Agency Limitations of Access and Agency
Slide 07
Access and Agency
The Poor lacked the capabilities to access the services that the pPanchayats offered Poverty itself limits the ability of a person to access
i lentitlementsPoverty as a debilitating factor hindering capabilities Deprivations – The Poor faced multiple deprivationsDeprivations The Poor faced multiple deprivations
Collectives as an answer There is a little history to ity
Slide 08
91
SHG Movement in India
Roots of SHG Movement in India Early 1990s Mostly rural, literacy connection Largely driven by NGOs, with NABARD support Followed by externally supported poverty reduction projects in
several Statesseveral States Focus on thrift and credit Mostly stand alone SHGs No connection with Panchayats (In spite of the 73rd and 74th
Constitutional Amendments, that happened around the same time)time)
Slide 09
SHG Movement in Kerala
Concept developed and validated in urban areasp p
Initial inputs from UNICEF
Primarily implemented by Government through Local Governments
Beyond thrift and credit (as in other SHGs) Addressing the challenges of a development programme Addressing the challenges of a development programme
Community Based Nutrition Programme (CBNP) Focus on empowerment – using the energies unleashed by the p g g y
Literacy Campaign Community-based human development as an approach (Had
an all India context to this UBS 1985 NHGs UBSP 1990)an all India context to this: UBS, 1985: NHGs; UBSP, 1990)
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SHG Movement in Kerala
Starting from the beginning, the SHG movement in Kerala worked closely with Local Governments
Born in the context of decentralisation and the People’s Plan Movement
Given legal space in the Kerala Municipalities Act 1994 (Ward Given legal space in the Kerala Municipalities Act 1994 (Ward Committee representation, Functions of Municipalities)
Focus on Neighbourhood Groups, beyond SHGs
A community / social dimension
Precursors
Traditional neighbourhood groups Traditional neighbourhood groups
The Gandhian experiment in Alappuzha
KSSP’s experiments in local level planningp p g
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The Kerala SHG Model
Networked three-tier organisation (with geographical congruence g ( g g p gwith Ward and Local Government boundaries) Neighbourhood groups (NHG)
A A W d Area Development Societies (ADS) at Ward level Community Development Societies (CDS) at Village Panchayat,
Town/ City/ y
Beyond conventional measures of Poverty
Identification of Poor using Risk Indicatorsg
A transparent, community-based, socially accepted set of indices (Kerala defines multiple dimensions of poverty)
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Kerala SHG Model
Conscious harmonisation with Local Governments with advent of People’s Plan Task Force (Thomas Isaac, S.M. Vijayanand, Prakash Bakshi)
Focus on a functional partnership Fervour generated by participatory planning channelised
into the making of Kudumbashree into an institution of theinto the making of Kudumbashree into an institution of the people The Gram Sabha role
Kudumbashree – makings of a movement more than a programme
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Learning from Kerala Experience1 Organic Relationship with Local Governments1: Organic Relationship with Local Governments
Clear articulation of policyp yCBOs are autonomous and are entitled to democratic
functioning without interference Local Governments have a right to know what CBOs are doing Local Governments have a right to know what CBOs are doing
with the funds they give and CBOs have the obligation to inform
Clear demarcation of rights and responsibilities of both CBOs as community wings to democratise Local Government
functioning gSub-systems; not subordinate systemsGovernment will not pit one against the other
N i h i i h hNot without opposition, though
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1. Organic relationship with Local Governments ( Contd )Governments (..Contd.)
Translation of policy into processes and proceduresp y p p Working together for local economic and social
development Managing the interface
Designing joint committees at Local Government level for monitoringmonitoring
Designing systems for joint meeting, planning, monitoring Capacity building for working together Capacity building for working together
Separate and joint
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Organic relationship with Local Governments ( Contd )Governments (..Contd.)
Put in place a system of linkagesp y g Structural Linkages
Area Development Society (ADS) coterminous with the ‘Ward’ i.e. also Grama Sabha/Ward Sabha
Community Development Society (CDS) coterminous with the Village Panchayat/Urban Local Governmentthe Village Panchayat/Urban Local Government
Neighbourhood Groups as sub-systems of Gram Sabha/Ward Sabha
Elected representative as patron of ADS in the Ward
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Organic relationship with Local Governments ( Contd )Governments (..Contd.)
Member-Secretary of CDS appointed by the Village Panchayat/Urban Local Government Now Assistant Secretary in the case of the Panchayat
ADS as a Sub Committee of the Ward Developmental Committees of ADS as a Sub-Committee of the Ward Developmental Committees of Local Governments
Five elected women representatives of Village Panchayats and Urban L l G b f h G i C il f CDSLocal Governments are members of the Governing Council of CDS
Appraisal Committee at the Village Panchayat/Urban Local Government level headed by the President/Municipal Chairperson/Mayor Regular quarterly meetings Follow up of decisions in the elected body and in the CDS Follow up of decisions in the elected body and in the CDS
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Organic relationship with Local Governments ( Contd )Governments (..Contd.)
Developmental linkagesp g
Formal role in People’s Plan Campaign Represented in all important Working Groups Key position in the Working Group on Anti Poverty Sub-Plan Community plans of CDS feeding into Anti Poverty Sub-Plan 10% for Women Component Plan utilised mostly for 10% for Women Component Plan utilised mostly for
Kudumbashree Joint efforts in care and compassion schemes
Asraya for destitutesPalliative care for the terminally illBuds school for mentally challenged childrenBuds school for mentally challenged children
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Organic relationship with Local Governments ( Contd )Governments (..Contd.)
Key role of CDS in Jagratha Samitisy g
Critical role in organisation of MGNREGA works Bal Sabhas and Bal Panchayats
CDS system as an accredited agency for execution of public works
Large LED projects with multi-source funding and technical support – especially from the District Panchayats
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Organic relationship with Local Governments ( Contd )Governments (..Contd.)
Financial linkages
Flow of decentralised plan funds to Kudumbashree
Special funding for care and compassion programmes
Other linkages Other linkages
Participation in campaigns for cleanliness, health, etc.
Innovative programmes – Gender status studies, Mapping of crimes against womenwomen
Performing outsourced functions of Local Governments
Comprehensive sanitation
Community-based surveys
Community-based social security
Outreach campaigns/Extensionp g /
Managing support desk for Front Offices of Local Governments
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Organic relationship with Local Governments ( Contd )Governments (..Contd.)
Outcomes of the partnershipp p High pro-poor expenditure especially for Minimum Needs
infrastructure. High levels of influence through participation in Gram High levels of influence through participation in Gram
Sabha/Ward Sabha Active role in selection of beneficiaries Group farming as a successful joint effort Convergence with human development initiatives very significant. Panchayat-People-Professional-partnership leading to excellent Panchayat People Professional partnership leading to excellent
performance of care and compassion schemes Women elected members strengthened by the backing of the CDS
systemsystem
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Organic relationship with Local Governments ( Contd )Governments (..Contd.)
Concept of Anti Poverty Sub-Plan becoming a realityp y g y
Problems of the poor related to destitution, gender, disability, better analysed and understood
P h b d di f f i bli Poor have a better understanding of processes of accessing public programmes and funds
Involvement in social accountability measures a natural, concurrent Social Audit
Growing confidence within the NHG network resulting in a more l l ti hi ith th l l tequal relationship with the local governments
Political empowerment – more than sixty percent of elected women members of local governments from the Kudumbashree stream
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2: Democratic Processes
Role in Gram Sabha / Ward Sabha/ Dominant participation Articulation of demand
After collective discussion Influencing decisions Addressing Practical Gender Needs Efforts to move on to Strategic Gender Needs Silent social audit Silent social audit
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3: The Urban Experience
Viable Model for Urban Livelihoods
Three-tier organisation linked to Municipalities/Corporations
Performing economic development functions
Microenterprises
Promoting social development
Of destitutes
Acting as service delivery agency for local governments
Also community-based last mile link in service delivery
Independent service sector ‘enterprises’
IT
Catering
Home-based health care
Facilitating access to public services/entitlements
Articulating demand in participatory planning fora
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4: An All India Scheme
Implementation of MGNREGSp NHGs organise the work
The ‘Mate’ is mostly from the NHGsa representative identified by the ADS
NHGs deeply involved in planning E d i l i f kEngendering selection of works
NHGs involved in providing support services and in troubleshootingtroubleshooting
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MGNREGS
Outcomes
92 percent of workers are women
Enhancing income
Used mostly for human development
Improved nutrition
High savings
Increased financial freedom in the household
Women entering labour markets
Unrealised need
Emerging of women farmers
Z ti Zero corruption
Even though criticisms of low outturn and durability of assets are there
Organisational strengthening of ADS/NHG Through formal engagement Through formal engagement
Kerala absorbs 4.51 percentage of MGNREGS funds with 1.91 percentage of BPL families
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5: Women Farmers
Agricultural Livelihoods for Landless Poorg 65,601 Joint Liability Groups with 2,88,000 women farmers
covering 51,113 hectares SAMAGRA projects like goat rearing in Goat Villages, milk
production, pineapple farming, etc. covering 20,700 familiesa es
Securing livelihoods for the asset-less poor Nurturing the landless as women farmers
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6: Women Entrepreneurs
Micro enterprises
Goes beyond individual groups Activity groups across SHGs, stretching out even over a district
Well planned and branded with professional support services including Well planned and branded with professional support services including training Nutrimix for take home food in Anganwadis – 337 enterprises
employing over 2 000 people with annual turn over of Rs 60 millionemploying over 2,000 people with annual turn over of Rs. 60 million Café Kudumbashree – 700 units employing 4,000 persons with
annual turn over of Rs.55.6 millionK d b h T l i h 15 i l i 15 Kudumbashree Travels with 15 units employing 15 persons – a new venture
IT units Home-based healthcare
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Entrepreneurship
Innovative initiatives like Responsible Tourism and Fair Tradep Market interventions Vast internal market
Potential for external market Provide reasonable income
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7: Social Development Effectiveness
Schemes of Care and Compassion ASRAYA for the destitutes
Benefitting 1,55,000 families P idi t f b i titl t Providing a set of basic entitlements Project cost of Rs.1300 crore
Buds Schools and Rehabilitation Centres for mentally challenged children
59 schools (2517 children) and Rehabilitation Centres (2766 persons)p )
Palliative care for the terminally ill Covering 58,874 home-based patients and 110,175 outpatients. 909 nurses from Kudumbashree network
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Social Development Effectiveness: Features of Successof Success
Forging of partnership between the Local Governments, people’s g g p p p pgroups and professionals
Primarily rooted in the communityWith NHG l i th iti l lWith NHGs playing the critical role
A robust methodology developed through trial and error Process of scaling upg p
Field level trials with volunteering Local GovernmentsDevelopment of a doable methodology
GPersuading other Local GovernmentsMotivation to join by seeing the successPressure from below pushing Local Governments to joinessu e o be ow pus g oca Gove e s o jo
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Social Development Effectiveness: Features of Successof Success
General framework and local freedoms flexibility
Continuous capacity building
Community Resource Persons
Widespread social acceptance and support Leading to willingness of Local Governments to commit resources Leading to willingness of Local Governments to commit resources
Convergence of different programmes and resources
Comprehensiveness of the support packagep pp p g
Mainstreaming in the Local Government and Kudumbashree planning and implementation systems
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Social Development Effectiveness: Features of Successof Success
Transformation in the attitudes and approaches of officials and ppelected representatives Recognition as reward
Voluntarism and community service by the Kudumbashree women involved Work beyond reward Work beyond reward Low tech but high touch
Visible process of empowerment and inclusion Visible process of empowerment and inclusion Norms of identification developed socially – a new construct of
deservingness
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Social Development Effectiveness: Features of Successof Success
Progressive expansion of entitlements moving on from social g p gsecurity to minimum needs to human development to economic development
I h f A f d i In the case of Asraya for destitutes Palpable element of care and compassion in a Public
ProgrammeProgramme Humanising Public Service Delivery (Compared with other
schemes) From welfare to entitlements
A Right to life approach
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8: Engagement with Children and the Aged
Bal Sabha and Bal Panchayatsy Support for senior citizens
Vayomitra NHGs NHGs of parents of mentally challenged
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9: Community Professionals
Institutionalised System of Community Professionalsy y 47 KAASS Groups with around 700 members 33 Microenterprise consultant (MEC) groups with around
300 members 972 Farmer Facilitation Centres utilizing 9812 women
Master FarmersMaster Farmers 19 Training Groups having more than 300 members Institutionalizing the CRP system is a special achievement of g y p
Kudumbashree
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10: The Gender Dimension
Gender Empowerment
Unique strength of Kudumbashree
Multiple aspects Gender self-learning programme Gender self learning programme
Developed on the basis of the real life experiences of the women Gender Help Desks in three districts Sreeshakti Portal for e learning and discussions Sreeshakti Portal for e-learning and discussions Gender Corner for simple complaints Jagrata Samities with the involvement of the police and Local
G t h d f i l i tGovernment heads for more serious complaints Crime mapping for concerted action Gender status studies for local planning
Over 40,000 Gender Resource Persons
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11: About the Mission
Staffing of the Missiong Drawn significantly from among government servants
barring some young professionals and experts Multi-departmental Selected on criteria of attitude and capacity to serve Sensitisation training of staff Continuity of tenure especially of the Mission Director
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12: Community Organisation
Organisational Strengthening g g g A core area of activity Clear rules of functioning Capacity building Communitised pedagogy Annual work assessment
Competitions Anniversary celebrations Anniversary celebrations
Cultural events
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Challenges
Poorest of the poor tend to get excluded
New initiatives in tribal areas of Attappady
Upscaling and upgradation of micro-enterprises
As clusters
On the lines of ANAND model of dairy cooperatives
Lessons from the Mararikulam experiment
Linking with SHGs of NGOs
On clear norms of engagement
Accessing Rights-Based Development
Resisting deeply-entrenched negative social practices
e.g. dowry
Improving intra-family status
Breaking stereotyped roles
Enhancing role in critical decisions
Moving on from livelihoods to public action
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Conclusion
Beyond the five “capitals” –y p Financial Physical Social Human G Green
Moving on to – Civic Capital Civic Capital Political capital A new paradigm of poverty reduction following the capability
approach
Slide 41
Conclusion
De-politicisation of development
OR
New politics of development
Functioning of the elected women representatives of Local Governments who are from KudumbashreeKudumbashree
Inculcating ‘democracy’ in governance and in the citizenry
Gender-sensitive local level development
Social mobilisation
Conscientisation
Analysis, Reflection, Action
Content analysis of the literary creations of Kudumbashree women Self-expression to understand reality, gain confidence to withstand onslaughts Beyond voices of the poor – poetry of poverty
Freirean transformation
From objects to subjects From objects to subjects
From individuals to collections
From beneficiaries to actors
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Conclusion
For Replication across the Country
Kudumbashree as a National Resource Organisation
Already piloting Panchayat partnership in five States and MEC model in six States
Identifying schools of practice among best CDSs
‘Deep’ documentation of success stories
Promoting peer learning
With CRPs from Kudumbashree
Supporting large scale ‘Action Research’
For ‘organic’ seeding of ideas For local “grains” in local “soils”
Towards preparation of a participatory anti poverty plan covering all available resources Towards preparation of a participatory anti-poverty plan covering all available resources
Led by SHGs
Co-ordinated by Panchayats
Professionally supported by Departments Professionally supported by Departments
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Committee System
Existing 941GramapanchayaKGPA Gramapanchayaths in Kerala are
affiliated
State General Body Representing by the d i i f P h thdecision of Panchayath
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Welcome
Kerala Grama Panchayath AssociationKerala Grama Panchayath Association
KGPAKGPA
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Annexure IX: Kerala Grama Panchayath Association
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Committee System
State Executive committee - 42
Three from each District
District General BodyRepresenting by the decision of
Panchayathy
District ExecutiveDistrict Executive committee - 25
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Period
5 Years from Election
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Income
Subscription from each panchayath (Rs.6000)p p y ( ) KILA SDC CapDecK – Corpus Fund Additional Support From Panchayaths –Building Fund,
Renovation Fund
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State Level Governing Body
President General Secretary Three vice-Presidents Three Secretaries
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Important Goals, Objectives and Related Activities of KGPAActivities of KGPA
1. To act as mediator between Government and Panchayaths. y Day to day we get, collect and hear the issues,
suggestions, demand and complaints from the h h h f f d d ibl fpanchayaths they face, faced and possible to face.
We find the solutions and further action to resolve with the support of government and other possible method.the support of government and other possible method.
Slide 07
Important Goals, Objectives and Related Activities of KGPAActivities of KGPA
2. To help the Panchayaths to share the varied experiences.p y p Experience sharing Workshop. Panchayath to PanchayathProgramme
3. To help and support in strengthening and ensuring theeffectiveness of the business of the panchayaths.
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Prepared a Draft book.p Executive committee discussed and finalized the draft. The proposal submitted to Government and Planning
Board.
Slide 10
Important Goals, Objectives and Related Activities of KGPA
Prepared an approach paper and suggestions for guideline
Activities of KGPA
p pp p p gg gof 13th five year plan
Executive committee prepared concept and suggestions. Send to all Panchayaths to collact their suggestions. Conducted Experts meetings.
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V. Finance Commissions. Prepared suggestions for local government commission. Timely intervention to protect the rights of Panchayaths.
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Important Goals, Objectives and Related Activities of KGPAActivities of KGPA
4. To do functions (study, conduct meetings and consultations) in( y, g )order that the policy and drafting laws and rules of thegovernment will be more in favour of Panchayathi Raj.
5 T i h d d k P h hi R j5. To engage in research and study to make Panchayathi Rajmore effective.
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7. To prepare and publish books, periodicals and pamphlets.p p p , p p p Vikasana Guide volume I Published a handbook on how to prepare old age
policy etc.
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Important Goals, Objectives and Related Activities of KGPAActivities of KGPA
6. To monitor and evaluate the governance, plan formulationg , pand implementation of Panchayaths to strengthen theeffective functions of Panchayaths .
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Important Goals, Objectives and Related Activities of KGPAActivities of KGPA
8. To help panchayath to be in constant contact and liaison withp p yresearch institutes and academic institutions. IMG, MGCollege, KILA, Accadamitions, Experts,
A i l U i iAgriculture Univercity9. To contact with other local government associations in Kerala
and other states in India and abroad.and other states in India and abroad.
Slide 15
Important Goals, Objectives and Related Activities of KGPAActivities of KGPA
10. To help and support in strengthening and ensuring thep pp g g geffectiveness of the business of the panchayths Trainings Seminars and Workshops Model creation
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2. LIFE (Livelihood, Inclusion and Financial Empowerment )Empowerment )
The Life Mission will make sure of livelihood, inclusion and ,financial empowerment within five years. As part of the Mission, livelihood, education, health facilities, elderly care and social security will be provided to such families Besidessocial security will be provided to such families. Besides, housing complexes will be planned for families especially in urban areas because of scarcity of land.
Slide 18
Navakerala Mission
1. Haritha Kerala MissionThis envisages :- a clean state - planned to implement sanitation schemes. Projects for preserving water sources. Agriculture development and promotion of organic farming.
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3. Ardram
This scheme is aimed at improving facilities in government run p g ghospitals with a view to extend treatment at a reasonable cost.
Slide 19
4. Educational Rejuvenation Programme
This is a scheme to preserve and strengthen the public p g peducation system of Kerala. One of the key proposals under the scheme is develop about a 1000 schools to international standardsstandards.
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UNICEF Supported Child Resource Centre in KILA: A Pilot Model to Influence Child Friendly GovernancePilot Model to Influence Child Friendly Governance
Slide 02
Child Friendly Local Governance: Kerala ExperienceExperience
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Annexure X: Child Friendly Local Governance: Kerala Experience
120
Child Friendly Local Governance A Governance ApproachA Governance Approach
A Governance approach for child-centric local planningpp p g A Shift in Approach : Life- cycle Right based : Survival, Development, Protection and
participation Convergence and working together Proposes a methodology to address a given child rights
issue Making a world fit for children :CFLG as a methodology Making a world fit for children :CFLG as a methodology
to localise UNCRC Child First
Slide 03
CFLG: Approach
Strengthening the Institutions for Children (AWC, School, PHC, BUDS/BRC, Homes for childre
Strengthening the services for children (Health, education, nutrition, scholarship etc.)
Standardisation of (public) space for children (Play grounds, Parks, Library, school based clubs etc.)
Strengthening the systems for children
(Grama Sabha (Village Council) for children, Working group for children, JagrataSamiti, Bala Sabha, AG Clubs, Welfare Committees etc.)
Legal Protocols,Acts,Guidelines (Meaningful Implementation, Access, Facilitating timely utilisation, litigation and penalisation of offenders)
Strengthening of database on Children - (searching the neglected and marginalised, ensuring no child is left out)
I i I f t t i ti i tImproving Infrastructure, services, governance, participatory management and ownership
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What We Do…..
CFLG- Pilots : 5 Village Panchayat and one Municipality (a g y p y (scoping exercise towards CFLG- designed hand books and training manual)
154 LSGs : CFLG evidence creation across Kerala (11 from each district): mentoring the LSGs, sharing session by best performers, peer learning visits p g
Child Friendly Thrissur District : Joint programme of all LSGs of Thrissur dist. led by Dist.Planning Committee-, Preparation of District Plan of Action for Children(DPAC)
Training to all LSGs of Kerala : institutionalising CFLG
Slide 06
CFLG Focus (Scope)
S i l D i D l t D iSurvival: Domains Declining child sex ratio Immunization Quality Service to pregnant and
Development: Domains Universal Pre-school education (ECCE) Compulsory education to all children Healthy school y p g
lactating women Under 5 mortality Safe drinking water and Sanitation
y Nutritional status and fitness of children
Protection: Survival Safe School Zones Prevention of child abuse Zero pre-age marriage
Participation: Domains Adolescent Clubs Student enrolment in school based
participatory forums/clubs Zero pre-age marriage Disability reduction and disable
friendliness Safe adolescence phase
participatory forums/clubs Children’s’ Gramasabha/children’s
participation in planning process Balasabha
Supportive and caring family environment Child friendly public spaces
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Operational Manual and Guidance Note
Slide 07
PG Diploma on Child Friendly Governance: Building a Resource Team for CFLGBuilding a Resource Team for CFLG
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CFLG Interventions
Involvement of DPCs Child centric health practices Involvement of DPCs Grama Sabha for childrenChild status reportsChildren as working group members
Pre-School standardisationSafe school zones School green initiatives100% scholarship for differentially abled children Standardisation of school based clubsBUDS school for differentially abledChildren as working group members
Plan documents : child friendly Increased fund allocation - child budgeting Children mainstreamed into planning process
BUDS school for differentially abledMental health initiatives- life skill education Water score cardsSanitary napkin vending machinesPlay grounds, library, parks for children (Space for children)
Children mainstreamed into planning processStrengthening Decentralisation through children !!!
Children becoming part of every solution
Slide 10
Peer Learning Visits- DPAC
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Children Getting Visibility…….
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IECs
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Inter National and National Visits
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Programmes at Glance
Established in 1990
Owned by Local Governments of Kerala
Slide 02
I tit ti li d C itInstitutionalised Capacity DevelopmentThe Story of KILA
KERALA INSTITUTE OF LOCAL ADMINISTRATIONKERALA INSTITUTE OF LOCAL ADMINISTRATION
Slide 01
Annexure XII: Institutionalised Capacity Development - The Story of KILA
165
Mandate of KILA
Strengthening Local Governance through g g gCapacity Building and Training
Training (for all) Research; Policy Research &Action Research Policy Advice/Support Handholding Resource Support Publications
Slide 03
Total No. of Trained Persons
Slide 04
166
Modes of Training
Institution-based Training at state level (KILA)g ( ) Decentralized Training at Regional and District level at district
level institutions/ Video based programmes / Virtual Classrooms
Mass based: Tie up with AIR (radio-school programmes, theme-based TV broadcastingbased TV broadcasting
Training of Gram Sabha members on cascade mode Panchayat to Panchayat Long term courses
Slide 06
Reaching out to Range of St k h ldStakeholders
Elected Representativesp Officers Planning Committees
S l W k G Sectoral Working Groups Core Panchayat Functionaries Gram Sabha members Local Govt. Associations Gram Sabha members of Tomorrow (Students) ERs of higher tiers (MLAs, MPs- PRIs interface programme) Civil Society Organisations National/International Stakeholders National/International Stakeholders
Slide 05
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Modes of Training
Exposure Visits to Good Performing Panchayats (theme-based) p g y ( ) Mentoring and hand holding support Documentation of good practices Help desk system Panchayat Raj Magazine – Monthly
Direct cum Distance Learning:Certificate Course (for elected members)Certificate Course (for elected members)Management Development Course (Panchayat Secretaries)PG Diploma in Child Rights Governance (ERs)- one yearG p o a C d g s Gove a ce ( s) o e yea
Slide 07
Panchayat to Panchayat: Peer LearningPeer Learning
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Ensuring Quality
Certified trainers: ToTs - training skill and sector –specific g p ToT on training skill Good cases – experience sharing by peers: revenue
generation, agriculture, Grama Sabha, child development Networking with sectoral training institutions Double Entry Accounting Double Entry Accounting, ISO certification,
Slide 10
Ensuring Quality: Systematic A h t T i iApproach to Training
TNAs Training module (session plan, notes and power point) for
trainers Training manuals for trainees Training designed based on multi-sectoral consultations,
brainstorming sessions with Panchayat associationbrainstorming sessions with Panchayat association E-modules for certificate course/distant learning Training Materials in regional languages: Kannada and Tamil
Slide 09
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Diploma in Local Governance
Based on Blended Learning Method (BLM)Based on Blended Learning Method (BLM) using Moodle
Slide 11
National Trainings
Slide 12
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KILA Journal of Local Governance [bi l][bi-annual]
Slide 14
International Training
Slide 13
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Centres of KILA
Urban Child Resources South Asia SC/ST Development NRM and Tribal Development Human Resource Development Good Governance Organic Farming and Sold Waste Management Social Development
Slide 15
Research
Policy oriented research y Evaluation of Training Action Research Internships
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Academic Support to
Local Government Associations Local Government Commission Fifth Finance Commission Ministry of Panchayati Raj
Slide 18
Policy Guidelines
Guidelines for 13th Five Year Plan Guideline on “Comprehensive Child Development Plan for the
Local Governments” Jagrata Samiti – Revised Guideline Guideline on TQM-ISO 9001: 2008
G id li Di t i t Pl i Guideline on District Planning Guideline on Palliative Care
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Operational Manuals
Procurement Office Management Budget Asset Management Performance Audit Gender Budget Public Works P bli R ti Public Reporting Grievance Redressal Institutions of Panchayat Institutions of Panchayat Funds Management
Slide 19
Infrastructure and Facilities
Residential Capacity for training 450 persons in KILA centresp y g p Decentralised System for massive Training through District
Implementing Institutions Virtual Class Rooms; 28 Centres Online Platform for Trainings
Lib ith Di it l R it Library with Digital Repository
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What is Happening NOW
E-governance steps
Co-KILA
Biometric attendance
Work Flow
Payroll
Asset and Inventory Management
Training and guest house management Training and guest house management
Accounting
Watershed Model
S ff Joint Staff Farming
Clean Campus
Campus Beautification
Expansion
Slide 22
MoUs
Sri Lankan Institute of Local Administration
Bangladesh National Institute of Local Governments
Bhutan Department of Local Governments p
And…….
Slide 21
175
What is happening Now
Long term training plan finalisation, modulesg g p , New pool of experts and Resource Persons Networking with institutions International Conference on Sustainability, Institutions,
Incentives: Voices, Policies and Commitments
Slide 23
Forthcoming Trainings
Environment, Climate Change and Biodiversity, g y Computer Fundamentals Jagratha Samithy Watershed based planning and management Urban Governance District Plan Preparation Role of CBOs in local governance R l f NGO i L l Role of NGOs in Local governance Elderly friendly local governments
Slide 24
176
Future
Urban governance and planningg p g Urban Observatory Centre on SDG s and Local Governments Gender School for Local Governments Knowledge Hub on Climate Change and Local Governments Innovation and Incubation Hub
Slide 26
Forthcoming Trainings
Software Management Skillsg Child friendly Local Governance P2P [Panchayat to Panchayat] Certificate Programmes Gender TQM-ISO Soft Skills PG Di l i Child G PG Diploma in Child Governance
Slide 25
177
Future
Legal Resource centreg Participatory Research on Local Development and Governance Area development capacity development Demand based trainings District level Decentralisation Discussion Platforms Knowledge Network on Decentralisation and Local
Governance
Slide 27
178
Development Missions and Local Self Governments Governments
(A Platform for effective convergence)(A Platform for effective convergence)
Slide 01
Local self Governments
Functions and ResponsibilitiesFunctions and Responsibilities
Slide 02
Annexure XIII: Development Missions and Local Self Governments
179
Public Health
Running of dispensaries, Primary Health Centers and Sub-g p , ycenters
Management of maternity and Child Welfare CentersI l i f f il lf Implementation of family welfare programme
Implementation of sanitation programmes Adopt immunization programmes other preventive measuresdop u a o p og a es o e p eve ve easu es Effective implementation of National and State level strategies
and programmes for prevention and control of diseases
Slide 04
Agriculture
Cultivate wastelands and marginal landsg Ensure optimum utilization of land Soil protection Production of organic manure Encourage the system co-operative ground farming Organize self help groups among farmers Organize self help groups among farmers Encourage horticulture and vegetable cultivation Fodder development Plant production Seed protection Farm mechanization Farm mechanization Management of Krishi Bhavans
Slide 03
180
Social Welfare and Poverty Alleviation
Identifying the poory g p Implementation of self employment and Group Employment
Schemes for the poor especially for womenP idi i f i i b fi h Providing community assets of continuing benefits to the poor
Implementation of Group Insurance Scheme for the poor Running of Anganwadisu g o ga wad s Sanctioning and distribution of pension to destitute, widows,
handicapped and agricultural labourersS d d b f l Sanctioning and distribution of unemployment wages
Sanctioning of financial assistance for the marriage of the daughters of widowsg
Slide 05
Basic Amenities and Public Works
Collection and disposal of solid waste and regulation of liquid p g qwaste disposal
Storm water drainageV C l Vector Control
Maintenance of environmental hygiene Management of public markets Ma age e o pub c a e s Maintenance of slaughtering houses Provision for toilet facilities and bathing ghats at public places Construction and maintenance of village / local roads
Slide 06
181
LSGs acquired skills
Planningg Implementation Proper accounting Community Participation Innovative initiatives
Slide 08
Water Resource Managementand Social Forestryand Social Forestry
Maintenance of traditional drinking water sourcesg Preservation and maintenance of ponds and other water tanks,
waterways and canals G i f l f d fi d d i f f i Growing trees for cattle feed, fire wood and growing of fruit trees
Organize campaigns for planting of trees and to build g p g p genvironmental awareness
Afforestation of waste land
Slide 07
182
Gaps and Challenges
Lack of techno-managerial skillsg Environment friendly projects and planning Quality of service delivery Community participation and transparency
Slide 09
What is needed
Technical Management Handholding Motivation Facilitation for convergence
Slide 10
183
Haritha Kerala Mission
Envisages a clean and green state through waste management, g g g g ,organic farming and conservation of water resources
To encourage people’s participatory initiatives to sustainable d l b i l d i d b didevelopment by protecting land, air and water bodies
To clear and remove waste from all water bodies and revival of ponds, rivers, lakes and streamsponds, rivers, lakes and streams
To increase the area of land under cultivation leading to agricultural self-sufficiency
To encourage rain water harvesting and afforestation To generate power from solar energy and wind energy
Slide 12
Missions and Objectives
Haritha Kerala Mission Aardhram Mission Education Mission LIFE Mission
Slide 11
184
HARITHA KERALAM MISSION
Regaining the past glory of Kerala in Regaining the past glory of Kerala in Cleanliness, Water availability & Safe-to-Eat
Agricultural produces and countering the threat of Climate Change
Sub-missionSanitation & Waste Management
Sub-missionWater
Conservation
Sub-missionAgricultural expansion
Conservation
Making use of linkages Enhanced water availability - Production of organic manure – Safe-to-eat y gagricultural produces Reduced pollution & Enhanced environmental security
Slide 13
Approach to Waste Management
77 Lakh households & institutions generating 10000 tones
Treating biodegradable waste at source using composting & bio methanationgenerating 10000 tones
Municipal waste per day
75% municipal waste generated in households & institutions
70% f
using composting & bio-methanation(biogas) tools
Decentralized systems for households having space constraints
C l d f fl 70% of waste are biodegradable
Centralized option for overflow waste
30% of the municipal wastes House to house collection of non- 30% of the municipal wastes
includes plastic discards, slow biodegradables (coconut shells, husks), disposables, inerts
House to house collection of nonbiodegradables (plastics etc.) & storage at Material Collection Facility
Material Recycling Facility for LSGI clusters
Limiting secured land fill only to inertsinerts Limiting secured land-fill only to inerts
Generation of 8000 m3 of septage in 25 Lakh Septic tanks
Centralized Septage Treatment Plants
P l i i T il li k d Bi l septage in 25 Lakh Septic tanks & 43 Lakh Leach pit toilets
Popularizing Toilet linked Biogas plants
Slide 14
185
Approach to enhancing safe-to-eat agricultural producesagricultural produces
Declining paddy cultivation - 8.75 lakh Ha to 1.97 lakh Ha
Declining pulses cultivation - 0.44 lakh Ha to 0.038 lakh Ha
Only 40% of vegetables required is produced locally
Safe-to-eat criteria is ignored in agricultural production
Expansion of paddy cultivation to 3 lakh HaP di h h ld d bl Persuading households to produce vegetable
Sponsoring integrated farming units Promote fallow land cultivation through SHGs Enhance mechanization & reduce cost Network Agro-parks for production & marketing of value-added agricultural produces Strengthen the activities of Agricultural Task Force at the LSGI level Linking co-operative sector for loan facilities and marketing of organic produces
P l i f i i i i l l d i Popularize safe-to-eat criteria in agricultural production
Slide 16
Approach to Water Conservation
44 S ll & M di i i h 44 Small & Medium rivers with numerous tributaries
50 thousand ponds; 50 Lakh Dug wells
53 Medium reservoirs; 150 Small reservoirs
Recharging Dug wells
Sanitizing Dug wells
Rain-pits for ground recharge 53 Medium reservoirs; 150 Small reservoirs
9 Fresh water lakes
Erratic & reducing rainfall trend, Declining river flow; Silted reservoirs & pond; Increasing water
Renovating ponds
Rejuvenating streams
De-silting reservoirs ; p ; gpollution
941 GPs, 87 Municipalities, 6 City Corporations, 152 Block Panchayats
Preparing micro-watershed plans
Compilation of Block level Watershed master plans for water security
Rejuvenation of local water sources Panchayats, Rejuvenation of local water sources, streams and Rivers
Slide 15
186
Mission Structure
Three Task Forces under Secretaries of
Chief Minister Secretaries of Local Self Govt, Dept.
Water Resources Dept.Agriculture Dept.
Concerned MinistersOpposition Leader
Executive Vice-ChairGovt. Secretaries & Advisors
State Mission
Task Force under Dist. Collector
Sectoral Officials
Chairman Dist. Plan Committee MPs, MLAs, Elected Chiefs of LSGIs
Di t H d f D D t District MissionDist. Planning Officer- Convener
District Coordinator
Task Force includes the Members
Dist. Heads of Dev. Dept. District Collector (Secretary)
M
LSGI Mission Task Force includes the Members of Working Group on
Agriculture, Drinking Water & Sanitation
Elected Chiefs of respective LSGIsElected representatives of LSGIs
LSGI Secretary
LSGI Mission (at Block, ULBs,
GPs)
EMPOWERED COMMITTEE UNDER THE CHIEF SECRETARY (To function as a Single Window System)
Slide 17
Way Forward
Enabling support to LSGIs & Integrating Sectoral Dept. actions with LSGIsConvergence & Integration
Capacity development Technology inputs
FINANCIAL Plan funds with the 3-Tier Local Self Governments
Pl f d ith St t D t f W t R LSGD A i lt S il Plan funds with State Dept. of Water Resources, LSGD, Agriculture, Soil Conservation
CSS-MGNREGs - for watershed management & as permissible for Agriculture and SanitationCSS S h Bh h Abhi P dh M i K i hi Si h Y j (PMKSY) CSS-Swatch Bharath Abhiyan; Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) etc.
Sharmadan & Local contributions CSR Funds/Donations - as supplementary resources./ pp y Kerala Infrastructure Investment Fund Board (KIIFB)- for up-gradation of
infrastructure
Slide 18
187
Ongoing Campaign
Establishing Source level treatment of bio-waste (Feasible in a homested type Establishing Source level treatment of bio waste (Feasible in a homested type habitation)
Establishing collection facilities for Non-biodegradable materials Resource Recovery Centres (for recycling plastic & e-waste) Feasibility search for Centralized waste management systems Renovation of ponds and other traditional water bodies Rejuvenation of streams, canals and tributaries of rivers Rainwater recharging of dug wells (62% of households depend wells for
drinking water) Making rainwater pits for improved percolation of rainwater underground
T l i d i i Tree planning and nurturing campaigns Enhancing vegetable cultivation & expanding paddy cultivation Popularizing organic cultivation and safe-to-eat agricultural produces
H ith l 10 i t l ti it f ti l i h l f ttit di l Haritholsavam - 10 environmental activity festivals in schools for attitudinal changes
Slide 20
Way Forward
Multi level planning; Framework by Mission Multi-level planning; Framework by Mission. Detailed planning by Local Govt. Thrust on Agriculture, water &
waste management sectors Consolidated single plan at local government level
Di Pl C i i i i Dist. Plan Committee- ensuring convergence, synergy, integration Accountability systems
Quality assurance; GIS based monitoring; Social Audit. Grievance Redressal
HUMAN RESOURCES HUMAN RESOURCES Staff - Serving and retired - Specially identified; Professionals on contract – Support from S&T institutions; Platform of IRMA graduates; Community
Resource Persons; Volunteers
Slide 19
188
Additional Output
Preparation of Strategic Development Master Plansp g p Action plans for resolving unsolved environental issues Mobilizing Pool of Professionals Organizing IEC Campaigns & Capacity Building activities Organizing IEC Campaigns & Capacity Building activities Establishing Water Surveillance Centres in the Chemistry labs of Higher
Secondary SchoolsP l i i G P l id li f b i i i b h i l h Popularizing Green Protocol guidelines for bringing in behavioral changes
Resource Recovery Centres for enhancing reuse and recycle of non-biodegradable waste
Effort for realizing Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) Effort for organizing Farmer Clusters & Agricultural Clinics Trees planting and nurturing campaignsp g g p g Effort for establishing Green Technology Centres
Slide 21
Expected Outcome
Sustainable management of land, water and biomass Sustainable management of land, water and biomass Attitudinal change for reducing waste generation Behavioral change for controlled use of water Enhanced production of safe-to-eat paddy and vegetable LSGIs without wasted lands Green houses, Green Schools, Green institutions Environmental Management Framework in LSGIs
Slide 22
189
Kerala Model of Health Today
Indicator Kerala India
Birth Rate 14.7 21.4
All 6 9 7
Crude Death Rate
All 6.9 7
Male 7.9 7.5
Female 6 6.4
Under 5 mortality Rate 14 69
Maternal Mortality Ratio 66 178
Expectancy of Life at Birth
Male 71.4 62.6
Female 76.3 64.2
Economic review 2015. State Planning board
Slide 24
Family Health Centre Approach for Universal Health CareUniversal Health Care
Slide 23
190
Challenges
Double burden of diseases Double burden of diseases High out of pocket expenditure Demographic and Epidemiological Transition Marginalized populations Accidents and trauma Management Mental Health including Suicides Human resource in the health sector
Slide 25
Aardram Mission
Quality improvement (Primary, Secondary and Tertiary) Quality improvement (Primary, Secondary and Tertiary) Raising resources (financial and human) Addressing inequity in health care provision Strengthening Primary Health Care
Slide 26
191
Service Provision
Institution based Field based(FHC & Sub Centre) Curative services,
C lli & H lth Ed ti
Outreach activities Routine services by JPHN,
JHI ASHA d AWW Counselling & Health Education, Maternal and Child health Medico-legal services,
JHI, ASHA and AWW. Work place related services Community Participation g ,
Pharmacy and Laboratory Services
Geriatric Care
y p
Geriatric Care Implementation of National
Programs
All services will include preventive, promotive, curative, rehabilitative and palliative care.
Slide 28
Principles of FHC
Universalityy Family based Equitable & non-discriminative Comprehensive Ensuring financial protection Quality Quality Rationality Portability & continuity of care Protection of patient rights Community participation Accountability Accountability Responsiveness
Slide 27
192
Health Care Service Delivery Plan
Family health registers on E-Health platform updated yearlyy g p p y y
Family Health Register
Individual Health Plan
Family Health Care Service Delivery Plan
Ward health plan
Grama Panchayat health plan
Slide 29
Service Packages
Risk red ction Risk reduction Obesity Diabetic care Hypertensive care
Elderly women Elderly menDisabilityHypertensive care
COPD CADDepression
DisabilityPalliative care Children Adolescent p
ANC PostnatalNew born package
Healthy men Healthy womenUnder weight
Immunization TBAccidents and Injury
Transgender
Slide 30
193
Community Participation
Social Structures Ayal Sabha, Ward Sabha, Grama Sabha, Local NGOs Kudumbasree Oorukoottam Oorukoottam Other Community Organization
Arogya Senagy
LSG level Convergence of Missions such as“Harithakeralam”,“Life”Life“Pothuvidyabhyasa samrakshana yagnam”
Slide 32
LSGs & FHC
FHCs are Health care delivery service institutions of LSG
LSGs ensures the smooth functioning and management of these centres by
Providing infrastructure,
Human resources Human resources
Other logistic support as and when required.
Community Partnership and Participation.
Health will have to be the focal point of all development activities of the LSG.
Based on the Annual Health Status Report p
Based on the Panchayat specific SDG targets
Based on inter department convergence mechanism
Slide 31
194
Monitoring and Evaluation
Process monitoring by Department of health services and g y pNHM
Social monitoring by different social structures S i l dit ill b f ilit t d b LSG Social audit will be facilitated by LSG
Evaluation at regular intervals for mid course corrections
Slide 33
Differences
Individual care plan and responsibility mapping p p y pp g Quality standards Quantity of service
F l Financial protection Universality
Slide 34
195
“Panchayat is the best platform for intra-sectoral convergence!”
Thank You!!
N Jagajeevan V Rajendran NairN. Jagajeevan, V. Rajendran Nair
Slide 35
LOGIN SecretariatEmbassy of SwitzerlandNyaya Marg, ChanakyapuriNew Delhi - 110 021, India
www.loginasia.org
25 - 30 September 2017Kerala, India
Summary Report
Kerala Institute of Local AdministrationInternational Training onDemocratic Decentralisation