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    TGETGETGETGE:

    (1).Atlas Historique lantiquite, (Presses Universitaire, 1955), Carte II.

    (2).Roland G. Kent, Old Persian; American oriental Society, (1953), P. 147

    Dzc 10.

    (3).Marquart, Ernashahr etc; (Berlin, 1901).

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    (5).Bunbury, A History of ancient Geography, (New York, 1959), Vol. I,

    pp. 212-221; Vol.II, P. 443.

    (6). Arriani, Anabasis et India etc. Paris 1865

    (7). Geographie de Strabon, traduction du grec en francais, ( Paris, 1805),Deuxieme livre, pp. 357-362.

    (8).Bunbury, op.cit., Vol. II, Map of the World, P. 578.

    (9).Historie dAlexander le Grand par Quinte Curce, traduction en francais,

    Tome II, (Paris, 1834), P. 184.

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    (11). Encyclopedie de I'Islam hVol . 1hp. 91

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    (69). Bunbury: A history of Ancient Geography ( New York, 1951), Vol.

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