Reactions of Ketone and their

applicationOrganic Chemistry

Instructor : Miss Maria

Presented by :Muhammad Asad Ullah• Roll no : 14221507-005

• Class : Bs-Chemistry

• Semester : 2nd Sem

Ketones : If two alkyl group are attached to the carbonyl carbon the compound is known as ketone.

• Physical properties:

• Colorless liquids

• Higher members being solids

• Pleasant smell

Preparation of Ketones

• By oxidation of secondary alcohols:

CH3 CrO3 CH3

CHOH C = O

CH3 CH3

isopropyl alcohol acetone

By dry distillation of calcium salt of carboxylic acid:

Dry distillation of calcium salt of fatty acid gives ketone.

Reactions of ketone

• Addition of hydroxylamine:

ketone gives oximes with hydroxylamine.

• Uses:

Oil based paints

Suppress skinning of paints

Formation of skin on paints

Reactions

• Addition of hydrazine :

hydrazine gives hydrazone

• Uses :

Measuring the concentration of low molecular weight aldehydes and ketones.

Medical

• Addition Grignard reagent :

Grignard reagent RMgX reacts with carbonyl compounds to give alcohol

• Uses :

used as a solvent

naturally found in bear and chickpeas

• Addition of HCN :

HCN adds to carbonyl compounds to give cyanohydrin.

• Uses :

Treating sun damage

Treating to dry skin

Used in cosmetics

• Reaction with halogens

• Uses :

laboratory reagent

used in coating inks

References

• Organic chemistry for B.Sc. By Dr. Abdur Rahman PhD

• Organic chemistry By Peerson

• Industrial chemistry by Hardo Siegel

• Smith Michael B

• March and jerry (advanced organic Chemistry)

ANY QUESTION…?