Kingdom of Cambodia Nation Religion King

Technical Working Group On Agriculture and Water

PROGRAM DESIGN DOCUMENT

FOR

STRATEGY FOR AGRICULTURE AND WATER

2010-2013

PREPARED BY TASK MANAGEMENT SUPPORT GROUP WITH FINANCIAL SUPPORT

FROM THE AGENCE FRANAISE DE DVELOPPEMENT (AFD) AND TWGAW

April 2010

FINAL

Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology

STRATGEY FOR AGRICULTURE AND WATER HARMONIZED PROGRAM DESIGN DOCUMENT FINAL

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PREFACE The Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) is fully aware that despite impressive economic growth and considerable improvement in the living standards during recent years, significant segments of Cambodians, especially those living in rural areas, continue to suffer from poverty and food insecurity. As stated in the National Strategic Development Plan (NSDP) 2006-2010, the RGC has made it a priority to make significant reductions in poverty and food insecurity in the country and improve the institutional and management capacity of the government to support farmers and the agricultural sector. In response to this national priority, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) and the Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology (MOWRAM) are pleased to present the Strategy for Agriculture and Water (SAW) Program for the period 2010-2013. It is a product of an inclusive and participatory process involving a wide range of key concerned national stakeholders and external development partners, local and international non-governmental organizations, including those working for other donor-funded projects or Programs related to the Agriculture and Water Sector. This Program is a joint response of our two ministries to an urgent need for rapidly improving food security status and reducing the poverty rates in Cambodia. It is intended as a national framework to guide the planning and programming of interventions for this purpose by concerned national and international agencies in cooperation in Cambodia. The Program is identified to be instrumental for contributing to achieving the overall development goal of the NSDP, with its particular focus on improving the institutional and management capacity of MAFF and MOWRAM. At the same time, the Program will also benefit farmers and the agricultural sector by providing an effective means of improving the success rates of agricultural and water sector programs, promoting greater diversity in agricultural production, and improving the competitiveness of the agricultural sector. MAFF and MOWRAM gratefully acknowledge the technical and financial support for the development of this Harmonized Program from the Development Partners of the TWGAW. Appreciation also goes to all concerned national and international stakeholders for their constructive engagement and inputs that helped shape this Program. MAFF and MOWRAM have a high hope that this new Program will make a significant contribution to the development of the agricultural and water sectors. MAFF and MOWRAM look forward to receiving support and cooperation of all relevant ministries/agencies and external development partners for a successful implementation of this Program toward further improvement in the food security status and reduction in poverty in Cambodia. Phnom Penh, Date:

Minister Minister Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology

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TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE ................................................................................................................................... i TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................... ii LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................... iv LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................. iv LIST OF BOXES ....................................................................................................................... v ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................. vi EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................... viii 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1

1.1 Background and Justification ...................................................................................... 1 1.2 The Program Content .................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Outline of Report ......................................................................................................... 2

2 NATIONAL POLICY CONTEXT .................................................................................... 3 2.1 Government Strategies and Policies for Rural Development...................................... 3 2.2 Cross-Cutting Issues .................................................................................................... 6

2.2.1 Decentralization and Deconcentration ................................................................. 6 2.2.2 Gender .................................................................................................................. 7 2.2.3 Poverty Alleviation .............................................................................................. 7 2.2.4 The Impact of Climate Change in the Lower Mekong Basin and Cambodia ...... 8

3 REVIEW OF SAW PROGRAM AREAS AND KEY FINDINGS................................. 11 3.1 SWOT Analysis......................................................................................................... 11 3.2 Institutional Management and Capacity of MAFF and MOWRAM ........................ 12

3.2.1 Opportunities to Improve the Institutional Framework ..................................... 13 3.2.2 Opportunities for Human Resource Development ............................................. 13 3.2.3 Opportunities to Improve Financial Management Systems ............................... 14 3.2.4 Opportunities for Strengthening Monitoring and Evaluation Frameworks ....... 14 3.2.5 Opportunities for Improving Management and Data Information Systems ...... 15

3.3 Food Security and Nutrition ...................................................................................... 15 3.4 Agriculture and Agribusiness .................................................................................... 17

3.4.1 Inputs and Farm Production ............................................................................... 17 3.4.2 Market Development ......................................................................................... 17 3.4.3 Market Infrastructure ......................................................................................... 18 3.4.4 Marketing Policy and Regulations ..................................................................... 19

3.5 Water Resources and Agriculture Land Management .............................................. 19 3.5.1 Water data management ..................................................................................... 19 3.5.2 Integrated water resources management ............................................................ 19 3.5.3 Agricultural Land Legal Status .......................................................................... 19 3.5.4 Land resource assessment .................................................................................. 20 3.5.5 Lowland rice soils .............................................................................................. 20 3.5.6 Upland soils ....................................................................................................... 20 3.5.7 Small holder land tenure security ...................................................................... 20 3.5.8 State land resources............................................................................................ 21 3.5.9 Monitoring of land tenure policies ..................................................................... 21 3.5.10 Sustainable operation and maintenance of water management infrastructures . 21

3.6 Agricultural Research, Education and Extension ...................................................... 21 3.6.1 Challenges and Opportunities ............................................................................ 22

4 THE STRATEGY AND VISION FOR AGRICULTURE AND WATER ..................... 24

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5 IDENTIFICATION OF THE CORE PROBLEM AND APPROACH TO PROGRAM DESIGN ................................................................................................................................... 28

5.1 Key Issues and the identification of the Core Problem ............................................. 28 5.2 The Core Problem ..................................................................................................... 28 5.3 Impact of the Core Problem ...................................................................................... 28 5.4 Turning Problems into Solutions The Objective Tree and Improved Sector Outputs 30

6 THE PROGRAM ............................................................................................................. 32 6.1 Summary of Program Goal and Objectives........................................