KINGDOM PROTISTA

Protists- the hodge- podge group

Basics

Eukaryotic 3 groups- animal like -Protozoans plant like- Algae fungi like- Slime moldsEvolved from a symbiotic relationship: 1

prokaryote engulfed another (like a mitochondrial or chloroplast like cell) ENDOSYMBIOSIS

Protozoans- animal likeHOW THEY

MOVEPSEUDOPO

DFLAGELLA CILIA SPORES

(SPOROZOAN)

Example SarcodinesAmoeba

Zooflagellates

Giardia

CiliatesParamecium

Plasmodium

Environment Salt and fresh water

1.Streams2. Gut of termite3. Parasite in human DT

Ponds and streams

Gut of mosquito/blood of humans

SpecialStructures

Contractile vacuole- pumps out excess water

Help digest cellulose

Ingest food through oral groove and gulletMacro and micronucleus

Produce spores-need intermediate host like mosquito

Diseases Amoebic dysentery

Giardiasis Malaria

Pseudopods stream in different directions to make amoeba move.

Single celled Pseudopods

surround food and engulf it

Giardia

Can cause giardiasis.

Usually from contaminated water.

Called backpackers diarrhea

Paramecium

Use cilia to sweep food into oral groove and then digest in the gullet.

Has 2 nuclei- I macro and 1 micro

Plasmodium

Causes malaria Lives in gut of

mosquito Mosquito bites

human Injects some

spores- they germinate and live in the blood

ALGAE-Plant like

Contain chlorophyll or other pigment Can be unicellular, multicellular or

colonial 7 types

Euglenophyte: Euglena

Unique because they can do photosynthesis and ingest food(heterotrophic).

Has an EYESPOT which helps detect light so it can swim towards it to photosynthesize

Has a flagella for movement

Pellicle- thick outer covering

Chrysophyte:Golden Algae

Many unicellular Some colonial Gold colored

chloroplast

Diatoms

Contain chlorophyll

Photosynthetic Shell made of

SILICA- used for abrasives in cleansers like toothpaste

Also called phytoplankton

Dinoflagellates

Cell wall contains cellulose

Contain chlorophyll Also have another

pigment called carotenoid(orange color)

Cause Red Tide- due to overgrowth in the ocean. Produces a toxin that is harmful to sea life and humans

Red Algae

Phylum Rhodophyta Multicellular Marine sea weed Has no roots, stems,

or leaves Main structure called

a thallus Has Chlorophyll a

and phycobilins that help harvest light at deep depths.

Brown Algae

Phylum Phaeophyta

Multicellular Contain

chlorophyll and a brown pigment- FUROXANTHIN

Kelp Have air bladders

to keep them afloat

Green Algae

Phylum Chlorophyta

Most live in fresh water

Can be unicellular or multicellular

Spyrogyra-multicellular Volvox is a

colonial green algae

Uses for Algae

Base of the food chain Produce O Sushi:nori Smoothener in foods like ice cream and

pudding Industrial uses: plastics, waxes,

deodorant, paint, agar( material used to grow bacteria)

Fungi like – Slime Molds and Water Molds

Live in moist, cool environment

Watery molds- Oomycota