kinnow processing

8/3/2019 Kinnow Processing

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Kinnow Processing Muhammad Maaz

Farooqui

SP10-BB-0043


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Agenda

Introduction

Pakistan Scenario

Seedless kinnow export

Process flow chart & total flow system

Processing of kinnow

Existing Capacity of Kinnow Processing

Major Payers in Pakistan

Cost Of Project

Pakistan export


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INTRODUCTION

Kinnow Is Discovered by H.B Frost at CitrusResearch center, California University,Riverside. USA in 1935.

Kinnow was evolved as a result of crossbetween king & willow-leaf both of theparents have indo-china origins.

Therefore name is derived by combiningthe first and last words of the two parentsi.e. KIN from King and OW from willow

joined by N in the center to form

Kinnow.


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INTRODUCTION(cont)

Kinnow contains 12 to 25 seeds.

Its size ranges from 64mm to 84mm in

diameter.

Seed less kinnow are introduced in Europe.

Kinnow harvest season start from mid

November and continues up to May, but

January to March is the peak season.


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INTRODUCTION(cont)

The storage life varies from 60 days(late

harvest) to 90 days(early harvest) if placed

inside cold storage at 5 degree Celsius .

Kinnow tree contain average 1000

kinnows.

Kinnow is widely use in juices, jams,

cosmetics, desserts & jelly's.


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Pakistan scenario

Punjab agriculture college & research institute

Faisalabad introduced kinnow in Pakistan in 1943

With 2.294 million tons (Economy survey ofPakistan 2007-08), Pakistan is the 10th largest

producer of kinnow

Area under different varieties indicates that about

86 per cent of the citrus is covered by Kinnow

(TDAP)

Its is cultivate on 5 lakhs acres


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Pakistan scenario(cont)

Sargodha is largest producer & famous for taste

and quality of kinnow

There are more than 250 factories in Sargodhawhich do grading & polishing

30% of kinnow is wasted every season due to lack

of technique and knowledge .(TDAP)

Pakistan kinnow is introduced to more than 25

countries of the world


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Pakistan scenario(cont)

A plant having a capacity of processing 8 tons of

Kinnow per hour is considered to an economically

viable plant. This means, that for a total season of

135 days, a total of 8,640 tons of Kinnow can be

processed, if the plant runs at 8 hours per day.

(SMEDA)

The total cost of project is average PRs. 67.09

million


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Seedless kinnow export

Pakistan is looking forward to produce citrus fruits

having 3-5 seeds each as compared to 20 to 25

seeds each piece

The production of seedless kinnow on commercialscale in orchards of Sahiwal would probably be

started by this year(2011) and hopefully show

bright prospects of export(DAWN)

The production of seedless kinnows is the result of

the public-private partnership by Nuclear Institute

for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Pakistan Atomic

Energy Commission, Citrus Research Institute of


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Process Flow Chart


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Processing: Washing

After carefulplucking ofKinnow fromorchards, fruits

are sent topackinghousewhere first,fruits aregraded on a

conveyor belt,anysubstandardfruit are

removed atinitial stage.


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Processing: Waxing

Kinnows are then passed through high pressure ofwater, which ensures that any leftover dirt isremoved

After washing kinnows are forwarded to specialdryers which dry all water from the surface ofmandarins.

Since it is pre-waxing stage and Kinnows must becompletely dry before waxing.


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Processing: Drying

It is importantto dry kinnowafter washing aswaxed is to be

coated. Colddrying isthereforeapplied withambient

temperature of-


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Processing: Grading

After drying kinnows are

grade according to sizequality and for packing


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Processing:Packing &

Storing

Hand packing isdone carefullyat final

Usually pack in

wooden boxesor papercartons

After packing,

kinnow arestored in coldstorage to bewaited forloading inrefrigerator

E i ti C it f Ki


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Existing Capacity of KinnowProcessing & Major Payers in

Pakistan


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Cost Of Project: Raw Material


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Cost Of Project: Cold Storagefacility/rental charges

Cold Treatment is the part of kinnow processing. Incontext of WTO regime, the exporters/processorshave to comply with the sanitary or phyto-sanitarystandards for fruit export. However at least 72 hrs.

is mandatory or recommended under thetemperature of 2d to 4d to increase the shelf life ofkinnow or to sustain the quality of kinnow for astipulated period. All the exporters do not have thecold storage facility in their premises so they needto avail the rental facility for cold treatment. Rentfor cold storage is PRs. 2 per kg.


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Cost Of Project: Man Powerrequirement


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Cost Of Project: Land &building


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Cost Of Project: Infrastructurerequirement

Following essential utilities and infrastructurerequired for the operations of processing plant:

Electricity (3 Phase)

Water connection Telephone facility

Access roads

Drainage


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Cost Of Project: Total


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Forecasts for theProduction of Kinnow


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Pakistan Exports

During the last five years, the kinnow exports toRussia and Ukraine have increased from almostzero to an over 100,000 tons, almost 30 percent ofthe total exports of the fruit,

Pakistan's world Kinnow market share is 1.46percent

The government has set a target of exporting300,000 tons of kinnow during year 2010-11 asagainst the export, of around 250,000 tonsregistered during last year.

Pakistan achieved highest ever monthly exportfigure of $2.127 billion in December 2010,


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Pakistan Exports

Iran, Russia, Ukraine, the UAE, Saudi Arabia,Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Eastern Europe are thelargest export markets for Pakistani Kinnow.

The total exports of Kinnow in terms of volumewere estimated at 214,765 tons while in terms ofvalue the total export had fetched 52.92m (US$) in20007-8(TDAP)


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Pakistan Exports(cont)


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Kinnowexport(tons)

diversification bydestinatio

ns fromPakistan


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List oftop 25Importersin 2008

Iran allows duty waiver on


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Iran allows duty waiver onPak

Kinnow import Iran, which had been charging a nagging 90percent customs duty on import of Pakistanikinnow, has totally waived the duty from January4, 2011, allowing duty-free import of the fruit from

Pakistan into Iran. Pakistan exported 360,000 tons of kinnow in 2009-

10, of which about 44,000 tons was the share ofIran only.

The impact of the waiver would take Iran's kinnowimports to 130,000 tons and finally the figure ofkinnow exports from Pakistan may touch 400,000tons.


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Harvest Issues of KinnowIndustry

According to the report of Pakistan NationalCommission on Agriculture, defects andinadequate facilities in postharvest handlingtransport storage and marketing cause up to 30-40

percent loss of fruit and vegetables. This is true forKinnow as well and the value of this loss amountsto millions of rupees annually. Following are theprominent causes of Pre & Post-Harvest loss ofKinnow in Pakistan.

Poor Farm Management

Improper harvesting

Absence of anti-fungal treatment


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Constraints of production

Absence of training institutions.

Absence of disease treatment.

Poor farm management practices (improper

planting, pruning, fertilization, irrigation, sprayingetc.)

Absence of proper roads and refrigeratedtransportation

Lack of cold storage and transportation facilities,

Poor hygienic conditions of fruit markets.

Lack of investment & research.

Weak linkages among growers, processors &


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Recommendations

Defining grades and standard keeping in view the

national and international requirements should be

used to regulate the domestic marketing ofhorticultural crops including citrus.

The export promotion bureau is suggested to

provide all export marketing related information to

the exporters in the study area. Pakistan must tryto explore and compete in international markets

interested in buying high quality food possessing

certification for being healthy.

Appropriate incentives should be extended by the


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Recommendations(cont)

It is also important to institutionalize early warningand surveillance systems for pest and diseases,contaminants on fruits and vegetables, which canaffect Pakistans trade as well as domesticconsumers and producers.


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References

SMEDA - Small and Medium Enterprises Development

Authority

www.smeda.org/

TDAP - Trade Development Authority Of Pakistan

www.tdap.gov.pk/

Pakistan Horticulture Development & Export Board,

Lahore-Karachi

(www.phdeb.org.pk/)

kinnow processing

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