kms - published version

8/6/2019 Kms - Published Version

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Kants Metaphysics

of the Self

Colin MarshallNew York University

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1. Preliminaries

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2. For and against the anti-metaphysical interpretation

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3. The metaphysics of the self: some possibilities

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5. Philosophical virtues of the Kantian effect-relative view

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pcytwy)y*!wy66W,!wNR=G?N!8K!I@:?*!I@N!M:NF!:?!R8;?:?IN;I!F:I@*!=;H!@=?!

I@N!L8IN;I:=9!I8!R9=>:KQ*!=!>=;YN!8K!:;IN>L>NI=I:8;?!8K!I@N!p;=9QI:R,!

U;!I@N!=O8MN!L=??=YN?*!J=;I!?LNR:mN?!which!8K!I@N!N;I:I:N?!I@=I!R8;-

I>:OGIN!I8!=!I@8GY@I!R8G;I!=?!R8;?I:IGN;I?!8K!I@N!?N9K,!UI!:?!I@8?N!N;I:I:N?!I@=I!R8;I>:OGIN!I8!synthesis*!I@N!R8PO:;:;Y!8K!>NL>N?N;I=I:8;?,!XI@N>!

N;I:I:N?!Y:MN!>:?N!I8!?N;?=I:8;?!SG;R8PO:;NH*!\>=F^!>NL>N?N;I=I:8;?W*!

=;H!I@8?N!N;I:I:N?!H8;VI!R8G;I!=?!R8;?I:IGN;I?!8K!I@N!?N9K,!U;!I@N!@Q98 -

P8>L@:R!IN>P?!J=;I!?8PNI:PN?!G?N?*!:I!:?!I@8?N!N;I:I:N?!I@=I!YN;N>=IN!

I@N!form!8K!=;!NsLN>:N;RN!I@=I!R8PL8?N!=!?N9K,!U;!P8>N!R8;INPL8>=>Q!

IN>P?*!FN!P:Y@I!?=Q!I@=I!I@N!?N9K!:?!R8PL8?NH!8K!F@=INMN>!N;I:I:N?!=>N!

>N?L8;?:O9N!K8>!processing!H=I=!:;I8!=;!NsLN>:N;RN*!;8I!I@8?N!I@=I!YN;-

N>=IN!I@N!H=I=,

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?I=;RN?!8>!=RR:HN;I?*!S6W!lNNL?!=!R9N=>!?N;?N!:;!F@:R@!FN!9=Rl!R8Y;:I:8;!

8K!I@N!?N9K!:;!:I?N9K*!ScW!=998F?!I@N!?N9K!I8!ON!8GI?:HN!8K!>NL>N?N;I=I:8;?*!

=;H!SyW!P=:;I=:;?!=;!:;I:P=IN!R8;;NRI:8;!ONIFNN;!I@N!?N9K*!PN;I=9!=R-

I:M:IQ*!=;H!=!RN>I=:;!G;:mNH!?NI!8K!>NL>N?N;I=I:8;?!I@=I!R8;?I:IGIN?!=;!

NsLN>:N;RN,

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R=G?=99Q!>N?L8;?:O9N! K8>!G;:KQ:;Y!>NL>N?N;I=I:8;?!:;I8!=! ?:;Y9N! NsLN-

>:N;RN,!UI!R8G9H!ON! ?NMN>=9!?GO?I=;RN?!8>!=RR:HN;I?*!=;H!FN!@=MN!;8!

?GO_NRI*!I@:?!F8G9H!ON!vG:IN!R8;?:?IN;I!F:I@!I@N!NjNRI]>N9=I:MN!M:NF,!UVP!Y>=IN-KG9!I8!=;!=;8;QP8G?!>NKN>NN!K8>!L8:;I:;Y!8GI!I@=I!w(cc!P:Y@I!8jN>!I@N!O=?:?!K8>!=;!8O_NRI:8;,!

tb,![@N!NjNRI]>N9=I:MN!M:NF!=RIG=99Q!L>8M:HN?!=!F=Q!8K!N?@:;Y!8GI!P=;Q!8K!I@N!PN>N9Q!?GYYN?I:MN!R9=:P?!=O8GI!J=;IV?!I@N8>Q!8K!I@N!?N9K!I@=I!=>N!K8G;H!:;!I@N!9:IN>=IG>N,!pL=>I!K>8P!@:?!M:NF!8K!I@N!?N9K!=?!=;!=RI*!I@:?!R=;!ON!?=:H!8K!8>?I-P=;;V?!L>8L8?=9!I@=I!I@N!?N9K!ON!G;HN>?I88H!8;!=;=98YQ!F:I@!=!RN;IN>!8K!Y>=M-:IQ!S:;!8I@N>!F8>H?*!=!KG;RI:8;=9]>89N!=RR8G;I!8K!I@N!?N9KW!:;!8>?IP=;;!6))x*!=;H!8K!:R@=>H!pvG:9=V?!L>8L8?=9!I@=I!\I@N!LG>N9Q!TK8>P=9!UV!:?!=!THNIN>P:;:;YV!K8>P!8>!?I>GRIG>N!F@8?N!8>:Y:;=9!&%A40-%&/'$-/ *!8>!0&'&3%-/-/8$4>*!I@N!U!8K!:;;N>!?N;?N!:?!F@=I!R8;?I:IGIN?!I@N!9=IIN>!=?!=!T?8G9*V!=;H!I@G?!=?!=!I@:;l:;Y!ON:;Y!8>!=;!TUV^!SpvG:9=!(bbx*!cyW,!


18/21


BCD$#0#BC'E0V!D&BED+1! !!(-!! "#$,!()*!+#,!-!S.%/%01!2343W

N9?N*!ONR=G?N!J=;IV?!I@N8>Q!8K!>NL>N?N;I=I:8;?!L8?:I?!=!HNNL!R8;I>=?I!

ONIFNN;!G?!=;H!;8;]>=I:8;=9!R>N=IG>N?,!wGI!?8PN!M=>:=;I!8K!@:?!M:NF!

P=Q!ON!=!?N>:8G?!R8;IN;HN>*!K8>!:I!=998F?!G?!I8!@=MN!=!L>:8>:!RN>I=:;IQ!

I@=I!FN!Ns:?I!=;H!?8PN!=!L>:8>:!l;8F9NHYN!8K!8G>!;=IG>N!F@:9N!ON:;Y!

=Y;8?I:R!R8;RN>;:;Y!8G>!KG;H=PN;I=9!R8;?I:IGN;I?,

Conclusion

[@N!=RR8G;I!UVMN!HN?R>:ONH!>=:?N?!=!;GPON>!8K!:;IN>L>NI:MN!=;H!L@:98 -

?8L@:R=9!vGN?I:8;?*!:;R9GH:;Yr!`@=I!Ns=RI9Q!:?!:;M89MNH!:;!I@N!R>GR:=9!

G;:mNH!NsLN>:N;RN!8;!F@:R@!I@N!J=;I:=;!NjNRI]>N9=I:MN!M:NF!:?!O=?NH!

8F!H8N?!I@N!M:NF!=998F!K8>!J=;IV?!>N=9:?P!=O8GI!=;H!=??GPNH!:;?:Y@I!

:;I8!PN;I=9!K=RG9I:N?!8F!K=>!O=Rl!:;!I@N!R=G?=9!R@=:;!R=;!I@N!R8;-

?I:IGN;I?!8K!I@N!?N9K!ON*!=;H!@8F!H8N?!:I!P=lN!I@N!RGI]8j!S?8!I@=I!8;NV?!

L=>N;I?!=>N!;8I!L=>I!8K!8;NV?!?N9KW!8F!H8N?!I@:?!M:NF!8K!I@N!>NKN>N;RN!

8K!TUV!I:N!:;!F:I@!8G>!R8;RNLI:8;!8K!8G>?N9MN?!=?!NPO8H:NH!N;I:I:N?!:; -

@=O:I:;Y!I@N!L@Q?:R=9!F8>9H!p;H!N?LNR:=99Qr!`@=I!PNI@8H898YQ!H:H!

J=;I!I@:;l!&/'-';&0!@:P!I8!I@:?!M:NF!8K!I@N!?N9K

[@N?N!=>N!:PL8>I=;I!vGN?I:8;?,!z8PN!?LN=l!I8!:??GN?!I@=I!=>N!?LN -

R:mR!I8!PQ!:;IN>L>NI=I:8;*!F@:9N!8I@N>?!?INP!K>8P!YN;N>=9!:;IN>L>NI:MN!

8>!L@:98?8L@:R=9!:??GN?,!UVP!R8;mHN;I!I@=I!?8PN!@=MN!>N9=I:MN9Q!R9N=>!

=;?FN>?*!OGI!UVP!G;?G>N!=O8GI!I@N!8I@N>?,!NMN>I@N9N??*!I@N!J=;I:=;!

NjNRI]>N9=I:MN!M:NF!=998F?!G?!I8!R9N=>9Q!=HH>N??!:??GN?!:;!J=;IV?!F8>l!

I@=I!@=MN!ONN;!8O?RG>NH!OQ!I@N!H8P:;=;RN!8K!I@N!=;I:]PNI=L@Q?:R=9!

:;IN>L>NI=I:8;,

xu,!7K,!1&'()*+,-7$134/849-5,!6brb)t*!1&'()*+,-7$:-8-;(/'-5,$6br()6x*!=;H!AnthroF

pology!xr(6x,xt,!X;!I@N!vGN?I:8;!8K!PNI@8H898YQr!I@N>N!=>N!=I!9N=?I!I@>NN!L>:P=!K=R:N!L9=G?:O9N!

=RR8G;I?!8K!@8F!J=;I!F8G9H!@=MN!=>>:MNH!=I!I@:?!M:NFr!:I!R8G9H!ON!>N?G9I!8K!R8;RNLIG=9!=;=9Q?:?*!:I!R8G9H!ON!=!Y:MN;!\K=RI!8K!>N=?8;^!SRK,!Critique of PracticalReasonurc(W*!8>!:K!@=M:;Y!=!?N9K!:?!=!;NRN??=>Q!R8;H:I:8;!K8>!NsLN>:N;RN*!:I!R8G9H!NMN;!ON!I@N!>N?G9I!8K!=!I>=;?RN;HN;I=9!=>YGPN;I,!

xx,!8>!PGR@!@N9LKG9!KNNHO=Rl*!U!=P!Y>=INKG9!I8!w=I>:RN!8;YGN;N??N*!8;!d=>->NII*!=M:H!N99NP=;*!J=>9!zR@=KN>*!8@;!:R@=>H?8;*!Nj!zNO8*!8@;!>: -?8;*!8;=I@=;!z:P8;*!8@=;;N?!==Y*! -I:R:L=;I?!8K!NF!8>l!;:MN>?:IQV?!6))x6))-![@N?:?!|>NL=>=I:8;!zNP:;=>!89K]|NIN>!8>?IP=;;!=;H!I@N!PNPON>?!8K!@:?!6))b!R8998vG:GP!=I!GPO89HI!;:MN>?:II!=;H!IF8!>NKN>NN?!K8>!\*-;4,4)*&3,K$@%)3-/',

=!?8>I!8K!\NsLN>:N;I:=9!R8;I:;G:IQ,^!UI!@=?;VI!ONN;!L=>I!8K!I@:?!L=LN>!I8!

HN9MN!:;I8!J=;IV?!M:NF?!8;!F@=I!P=lN?!K8>!=!G;:mNH!NsLN>:N;RN*!OGI!:I!

R9N=>9Q!F8G9H!:;M89MN!PGR@!P8>N!L?QR@898Y:R=9!R8;I:;G:IQ!I@=;!?:;Y9N!

PNP8>Q!9:;l?,![@:?!:?!=!M:>IGN!8K!I@N!M:NF!o!@=M:;Y!=!?:;Y9N!PNP8>Q!

L=??NH!K>8P!8;N!ON:;Y!I8!=;8I@N>!?NNP?!9:lN!I88!9:II9N!K8>!I@NP!I8!ON!

L=>I?!8K!I@N!?=PN!?N9K,n

[@N!J=;I:=;!NjNRI]>N9=I:MN!M:NF!=9?8!I:N?! RN>I=:;!IQLN?!8K!PN;I=9!

=RI:M:IQ!I8!I@N!?G>M:M=9!8K!I@N!?N9K*!?LNR:mR=99Q*!I@8?N!=RI:M:I:N?!:;M89MNH!

:;!P=:;I=:;:;Y!=!G;:mNH!NsLN>:N;RN,![@:?!L>8M:HN?!=!?I>:l:;Y!NY8:?I:R!

_G?I:mR=I:8;!8K!8G>!YN;N>=9!R8;RN>;!F:I@!@=M:;Y!=!R8@N>N;I!L:RIG>N!8K!

I@N!F8>9H,!X;!I@N!M:NF!UVMN!HN?R>:ONH*!FN!NsL>N??!?8PNI@:;Y!R98?N!I8!

I@N!9:IN>=9!I>GI@!F@N;!R8;KG?:8;!=;H!?R=IIN>]P:;HNH;N??!9N=H?!G?!I8!

?=Q!I@=I!FNV>N!\K=99:;Y!=L=>I,^

=?I*!I@N!J=;I:=;!NjNRI]>N9=I:MN!M:NF*!I=lN;!=?!?8PNI@:;Y!=!L>:8>:*!

8jN>?!=;!NsL9=;=I:8;!8K!@8F!I@N!>NL>N?N;I=I:8;!TUV!:?!G?NH!F:I@8GI!I@N!

F8>>Q!8K!>NKN>N;RN!K=:9G>N*!F@:9N!?I:99!?NNP:;Y*!=?!J=;I!?=Q?*!\NPLIQ^,!TUV!

:;M89MN?!;8!HNIN>P:;=IN!R8;RNLI:8;!8K!I@N!?N9K*!=;H!?8!R8G9H!ON!F:N9H-

NH!:;!?RN;=>:8?!?GR@!=?!p;?R8PONV?!?N;?8>Q!HNL>:M=I:8;!I=;l, q!UI!Y:MN?!

=;!NsL9=;=I:8;!8K!@8F*!:;!?GR@!=!?RN;=>:8*!FN!P:Y@I!l;8F!I@=I!FNV>N!

I@N!?=PN!LN>?8;!F@8!?INLLNH!:;I8!I@N!I=;l!NMN;!I@8GY@!FNVMN!98?I!=99!

?N;?N!8K!8G>!O8H:N?,!8>!=?!98;Y!=?!FN!=>N!=F=>N!8K!=!G;:mNH!R8G>?N!8K!

NsLN>:N;RN!I@=I!?I>NIR@N?!K>8P!I@N!N=>9:N>!I:PN!I8!I@N!L>N?N;I!I:PN*!FN!

@=MN!=!Y>=?L!8;!F@=I!FN!;NNH!I8!:;H:M:HG=IN!8G>!?N9K,

XK! R8G>?N*!PGR@!P8>N!HNI=:9!;NNH?! I8!ON! L>8M:HNH!:;! 8>HN>! K8>!

I@N!M:NF!I8!ON!=!R8;INPL8>=>Q!R8;IN;HN>!K8>!@8F!FN!G;HN>?I=;H!I@N!

?N9K,!U!?G?LNRI!I@=I!?8PN!8K!I@N!HNI=:9?!8K!J=;IV?!=RIG=9!M:NF!F8;VI!ON!

L9=G?:O9N!I8!P=;Q!R8;INPL8>=>Q!L@:98?8L@N>?!:;!I@N!N;H!o!:K!;8I@:;Y!

xc,!7K,!|=>mI!(b-y*!6)t,!J:IR@N>!;8IN?!=!?:P:9=>!M:>IGN!K8>!I@N!M:NF!?@N!=II> :OGIN?!I8!J=;I!SJ:IR@N>!(bb)*!(6y6uW,![@N>N!:?*!8K!R8G>?N*!=!9=>YN!9:IN>=IG>N!8;!8RlNV?!M:NF!=;H!LN>?8;=9!:HN;I:IQ!I@=I!UVP!;8I!I8GR@:;Y!8;,

xy,!p;?R8PON!(bxu,!8FN99!6))(!H:?RG??N?!@8F!L=>I:RG9=>!>NKN>N;RN?!I8!I@N!?N9K!P:Y@I!F8>l*! OGI!H8N?;VI! =HH>N??!:??GN?! 8K!lNNL:;Y! I>=Rl! 8K!8;N?N9K!=R>8??!I:PN?,!8IN!I@=I!:I!:?!ONR=G?N!I@N!NjNRI]>N9=I:MN!M:NF!:?!?GLL8?NH!I8!ON! a prioriI@=I!:I!R=;!@N9L!NsL9=:;!?N9K]>NKN>N;RN!=;H!I@N!?N9K]=?R>:LI:8;!8K!>NL>N?N;I= -I:8;?,![@:?!:?!:;!R8;I>=?I!I8*!?=Q*!J:IR@N>V?!GPN=;!M:NF!8K!I@N!?N9K*!F@:R@!:?!L>N?N;INH!=?!=;!:;KN>N;RN!I8!I@N!ON?I!NsL9=;=I:8;!SJ:IR@N>!(bb)*!(6uW,


19/21


BCD$#0#BC'E0V!D&BED+1! !!(b!! "#$,!()*!+#,!-!S.%/%01!2343W

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JNY=;!|=G9,

{;Y?I>8P*!zINMN;,!(bby,!\[@N![>=;?RN;HN;I=9!NHGRI:8;!=;H!zlNLI: -

R:?P^,!Journal of the History of Philosophy c6rc*!cub-)

{>HP=;;*!wN;;8,!(--(,!N(.*'3^8&$_5$J(/',$J3-'-7$0&3$3&-/&/$:&3/5/>' ,!J:N9r!

:L?:G?!=;H![:?R@N>,:R@IN*!,d,!(bby,!@/'3405.'-4/,$'4$'*&$E-,,&/,.*(>',;&*3&*!=;:N9!w>N=}N=9N!

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8R@N?IN>!|>N??,

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