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October, 2017 [CURRENT AFFAIRS eBook]

3 Preface | www.jagranjosh.com

PREFACE

The Current Affairs October-2017 eBook covers the current events that happened in

the month of September. Current Affairs is a crucial component of any competitive exams

including IAS|PCS, SSC, Banking and MBA.

Current Affairs play the bigger role in many competitive and government exams. It

holds the power of making or breaking your chance of success. Therefore, the candidates

should cover the Current Affairs thoroughly and smartly.

However, there are huge numbers of student who are often confused about how to

prepare the current affairs section of the different competitive exams. To clear such doubts

and confusion, Jagranjosh.com has come up with eBook concept.

We at jagranjosh.com work tirelessly to create this magazine and bring it to you with a

great sense of gratitude every month. We always strive for excellence and therefore, our

research team continuously endeavour to give you the best material.

The Current Affairs October-2017 eBook is divided into different section keeping in

mind the need of various exams. The sections covered namely are International, National,

Economy, Ecology and Environment, Science & Technology, Corporate, Sports, States News

Makers and few others.

Every news item in each section is chosen on the basis of its importance in

competitive exams. We also kept a close eye on some of the recent analytical stories which

may have direct impact on your understanding of the issue. Highlights of the issue are-

India-Japan Relations: Changing Dynamics and China Factor, Recurrent floods in India :

Causes, Impact & Solution, Rohingya Crisis and Its Genesis, Forex Reserves to hit USD 400

Billion: Impact on Indian Economy.

Presentation of the given current affairs has been planned meticulously. It has been

planned in such a way that it remains in the minds of readers for a longer duration.

Wherever necessary each news item is presented along with a background and analysis so

as to help candidates contemplate all the important current events at the time of exam in

an effective way.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

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[CURRENT AFFAIRS eBook] October, 2017

www.jagranjosh.com | INDEX 4

INDEX

cover story .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................7

National ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 19

Economy .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 68

CORPORATE ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 89

Defence | Security ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 92

Environment | Ecology ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 95

Science | Technology............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 108

International | World .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 120

Awards ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 154

Sports ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 165

Person Appointed ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 182

Obituary .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 189

State............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 194

Day|Week|Month ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 209

Exam Boosters................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 218

Quizzes .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 237

for All Competitive Exam LikeIAS | BANKING | SSC | NDA/CDS

To download visit: ca.jagranjosh.com

Current AffairsAnnual Issue

2016

L=50,000

pyramid = (1/3) b h

cone = (1/3) b h = 1/3 pi r 2 h

P = C (1 + r) t

B = A (1 + r/n)NT - P

2/PI = sqrt2/2 * sqrt( 2 + sqrt2 )/2 * sqrt(2 + ( sqrt( 2 + sqrt2) ) )/2 * ...c

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(n 0)B0 + (n 1)B1 + (n 2)B2

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ABSOLUTE VALUE

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PI/4 = 1/1 - 1/3 + 1/5 - 1/7 + ...

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-x ln x dx

Gamma(x+1) = x Gamma(x)

-(x+2) = 9-x -2 = 9-x = 11x = -11

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(4/3) pi r1 r2 r3

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PI/4 = 1/1 - 1/3 + 1/5 - 1/7 + ...

1. |–a| = |a|

2. |a| 2/PI = sqrt2/2 * sqrt( 2 + sqrt2 )/2 * sqrt(2 + ( sqrt( 2 + sqrt2) ) )/2 * ...c

Mathematics Formula &Shortcuts eBook

for All Competitive Exam LikeIAS | BANKING | SSC | NDA/CDS

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7 cover story | www.jagranjosh.com

COVER STORY

India-Japan Relations: Changing Dynamics and China Factor

Japan Prime Minister Shinzo Abe is on a two-day visit to India to participate in the 12th India-Japan Annual Summit at Mahatma Mandir in Gandhinagar, Gujarat. Besides the exchange of visits by officials and ministers, summit level meetings between Prime Ministers of both the countries have become the norm over the last decade, the newly infused dynamism into the relationship by the successive governments in India (Manmohan Singh and Narendra Modi) and Japan (under the leadership of Shinzo Abe) is termed transformative and is largely driven by the domestic, regional and global factors.

While China’s growing assertiveness in the Indian Ocean as well as the South China Sea in the Pacific Ocean, its souring relationship with Japan and inconsistent relationship with India constitutes the regional factors, the competition between the USA and China on the global stage, the USA’s historical alliance with Japan and deepening strategic bond between the USA and India in recent years, which are viewed as counter to China, constitute global factors behind the growing India-Japan friendship in recent years. It is against this backdrop, it is essential to understand the present nature of India-Japan bilateral relations, the reasons behind the growth and the China factor in India-Japan

relations.

Background

The friendship between India and Japan has a long history rooted in spiritual affinity and strong cultural and civilizational ties. India’s earliest documented direct contact with Japan was with the Todaiji Temple in Nara, where the consecration or eye-opening of the

towering statue of Lord Buddha was performed by an Indian monk, Bodhisena, in 752 AD. The modern nation States have carried on the positive legacy of the old association which has been strengthened by shared values of belief in democracy, individual freedom and the rule of law. Over the years, the two countries have built upon these values and created a

partnership based on both principle and pragmatism. Today, India is the largest democracy in Asia and Japan the most prosperous.

Now, let us understand the various dimensions of current India-Japan bilateral

relations.

Political Relations

Salient aspects of the India-Japan political relations are – • In 2006, Prime Ministers Manmohan Singh and Shinzo Abe agreed to upgrade

the relationship to the level of Global and Strategic Partnership with the


www.jagranjosh.com | cover story 8

provision of annual Prime Ministerial Summits. Since then, the annual summits have been taking place alternatively in India and Japan.

• A Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) between Japan and India was concluded in 2011.

• In 2014, the two countries agreed to upgrade the relationship to a ‘Special Strategic and Global Partnership’.

• In 2014, a ‘Japan-India Make in India Special Finance Facility’ of JPY 1.3 trillion was established.

• Besides the annual summits, the two countries have established a number of dialogue mechanisms have established related to diverse fields such as the economy, commercial, financial services, health, road transport, shipping, education, etc.

Economic and Commercial Relations

Salient aspects of the India-Japan political relations are – • The India-Japan Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) that

came into force in August 2011 is the most comprehensive of all such agreements concluded by India. The CEPA covers not only trade in goods but also Services, Movement of Natural Persons, Investments, Intellectual Property Rights, Customs Procedures and other trade related issues. The agreement envisages abolition of tariffs over 94% of items traded between India and Japan by the end of 2021.

• Economic relations between India and Japan have vast potential for growth, given the complementarities that exist between the two Asian economies.

• Japan's interest in India is increasing due to a variety of reasons - including India's large and growing market and its resources, especially the human resources.

• Japan has been extending bilateral loan and grant assistance to India since 1958. Japan is also the largest bilateral donor for India.

• At present, Japanese ODA is supporting India’s efforts for accelerated economic development particularly in priority areas like power, transportation, environmental projects and projects related to basic human needs.

• The Ahmedabad-Mumbai High-Speed Rail, the Western Dedicated Freight Corridor (DFC), the Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor with twelve new industrial townships, the Chennai-Bengaluru Industrial Corridor (CBIC) are all mega projects. Even the prestigious Delhi Metro Project has also been realized with Japanese assistance.

• Japanese FDI in India in the fiscal year 2016-17 was USD 4.7 billion, an increase of 80% over the last year. Japan is the third largest foreign investor in India. The amount of Japan's cumulative investment in India since 2000 is USD 25.7 billion.

Defence and Security Cooperation

Salient aspects of the India-Japan Defence and Security cooperation are -



• Quadrilateral Initiative, which was later refurbished as the Democratic Security Diamond in 2012, has considered India as an important role of Japan’s strategic design. Apart from India and Japan, the alliance involves the USA and Australia. The involvement of four major democratic nations in the Asia-Pacific region is viewed as anti-China engagement due to the one-party ruling in the country.

• Since 2015, Japan has become the permanent member in the annual Malabar Naval Exercise. In the trilateral naval exercise, which began in 1992, includes the USA and India.

Evidence of Chinese factor in Indo-Japan Relations.

1. Both the countries have border (land/maritime) issues with China..a common ‘enemy’ for India and Japan.

• Border conflicts between India and China have been a long issue and it is evident from the recent dispute over the Doklam plateau in the Himalayas started two-and-one-half months ago. Both the countries have been seen accusing their counterparts of breaching the existing border norms. The recent conflict began when Indian troops prevented China from building a road at Doklam, a plateau disputed between China and Bhutan. Since then, about 300 troops from each side have been sent to the area of conflict which raised fears of larger conflict.

• Japan has the similar border issue with China and is one of the perennial sources of friction for two neighbours still harbouring scars from World War II. Both the countries have the simmering territorial dispute over islands in the East China Sea are known as the Senkakus in Japan and the Diaoyu in China. At present, both the island is administered by Japan but are claimed by China. The conflict has been on rising in the last few years is because of increasing China’s maritime mightiness in the region.

2. Alliance with the USA, and its Pivot to Asia Policy in the Asia-Pacific Region.

In the last few years, India has strengthened it's diplomatic, economic as well as the military ties with the USA in a view to check growing China’s growing influence in Asia. India and USA, both the countries using each other’s military facilities that is evident from the last year’s Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Agreement (LEMOA) and other foundational agreements like CISMOA and BECA have been a headache for China.

Apart from India’s ties with the USA, India’s ‘Act East Policy’ (AEP) admirably waning the influence of China in the region. Through AEP, India has imparted greater vigour to its ties with ASEAN. Now India has shifted its focus on to promoting connectivity through Myanmar and Thailand with other ASEAN states.

So, India has a great opportunity if she able to align its AEP with the USA and it will be

pivotal to Asia through the Joint Strategic Vision, India seeks to expand its geo-strategic space to contend with China’s growing assertiveness and foster balanced relations.



3. The dominance of China in the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean and Pacific Region..The threat to commercial and strategic interests of both the nations.

• India has already shown its genuine concern over South China Sea and sought to firmly articulate its principled position of freedom of navigation, maritime security, expeditious resolution of the dispute according to international law and the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, developing a Code of Conduct, and settlement through dialogue and peaceful means. India’s more than 40 percent of total trade volume traverses through the South China Sea, and on account of its interest in harnessing fossil resources in the region.

4. The issue of Democracy and Human Rights ..shared values of democracy binds

together. • India and Japan are not only natural allies in the Asia-Pacific region but it also

sharing common democratic values. India is the largest democracy in the Asia while Japan is the most prosperous. Both the countries rather confronting choose to function as a vibrant democracy with a social matrix which emphasizes harmony and consensus among its citizens.

• After the establishment of People’s Republic of China in 1949, the authoritarian rule has been a new normal in the country. Imprisonment of political opponents and journalists common practices can be seen as a part of the Chinese Government agenda. While the press has many restrictions and the religious intolerance also common phenomena in the country.

Conclusion..

Despite the visible signs of Chinese factor behind the deepening friendship between India and Japan, Indian leadership has been restraint enough and matured..evident…vouching for the multi-polar world. In sum, India is playing a balancing card to maintain the healthy relationship with its allies while it is Japan or China. India’s one step ahead on Doklam issue and its interests to resolve the issue with bilateral dialogues shows that India is not playing anything card while to maintain the healthy relation with Japan. According to the Japanese survey that India is the most favoured destination for long-term Japanese investment. So, it will too not be justified to say that Japan is playing any China card while maintaining its long-term relationship with India.

-x-x-x-x-



Recurrent floods in India : Causes, Impact & Solution

In June and July

2017, many States across India were affected due to floods. The major affected States include Gujarat, Rajasthan, West

Bengal, Odisha and Assam among others. As per an estimate, there were at least 650 deaths since 1 June due to rain-related causes.

Besides the toll on humans, the recent floods caused considerable damage to animal life, infrastructure and the environment. It is against this backdrop, it is pertinent to understand the causes of recurrent floods, their impact on social and economic life and the necessary steps to mitigate the impact as well as to avoid their recurrence.

CausesHeavy rainfall: It is the primary cause for floods in India. Especially, rainfall in a

short span of time is of much concern as they are leading to flash floods. For instance, in July 2017, Mount Abu received the heaviest rainfall in over 300 years in a span of 24 hours. The hill station received an unprecedented 700 mm of rain in 24 hours. As per a study instituted by the United Nations, climate change phenomenon is believed to be behind flash floods across the globe.

Siltation of the Rivers: Heavy siltation of the river bed reduces the water carrying capacity of the rivers and streams leading to flooding. For instance, as a result of siltation, the Brahmaputra has been expanding – ranging from 2 km to 14 km – leading to frequent flooding in the North East region.

Blockage in the Drains: Blocked drains are the primary cause for the floods in urban

areas, especially in metros. For instance, failure of the drainage system is believed to be one of the primary causes behind the Chennai floods in December 2015 that led to the death of more than 400 people.

Landslides: They are the major reason behind floods in hilly areas of the north and northeast. For instance, in June 2013, landslides caused a blockage of flow of streams and rivers in Uttarakhand and caused major floods, causing 5748 deaths.

Apart from the above reasons, natural hazards like cyclones and earthquakes and

encroachments of river banks and water bodies cause flooding.



Impact of recurrent floods

The most important consequence of floods is the loss of life and property. Structures like houses, bridges and roads get damaged by the gushing water. Some of the negative impacts of recurrent floods are given below –

Impact on Agriculture: Recurrent floods impact the agriculture sector adversely. Due

to recurrent floods, fields get submerged and lead to the loss of harvest increasing the vulnerability of farmers to indebtedness. The loss is not only for the farming community but also the common man is hit hardly due to persistent inflation. Besides, the threat to life of milch animals impact the farming community adversely.

Moreover, floods may also affect the soil characteristics. The land may be rendered infertile due to erosion of top-layer.

Damage to infrastructure: Recurrent floods cause severe damage to economic

infrastructure like transportation networks, electricity generation and distribution equipment, etc. Outbreak of diseases: Lack of proper drinking water facilities, contamination of water (well, ground water, piped water supply) leads to out break of epidemics like diarrhoea, viral infection, malaria and many other infectious diseases. The probability of outbreak of diseases in highly densed areas of India is high.

Besides the above, strain on the administration, cost of rescue and rehabilitation of the flood affected population are other causes of concern.

Solution – Mitigation & Rehabilitation

The solution to the problem of recurrent floods lies in mitigation and rehabilitation measures. Some of the important measures are given below.

i. Mapping of the flood prone areas is a primary step involved in reducing the risk of

the region. Historical records give the indication of the flood inundation areas and the period of occurrence and the extent of the coverage.

ii. Land use control will reduce danger of life and property when waters inundate the

flood plains and the coastal areas.

iii. The number of casualties is related to the population in the area at risk. Hence, in

areas where people already have built their settlements, measures should be taken to relocate to better sites so as to reduce vulnerability.

iv. No major development should be permitted in the areas which are subjected to high flooding. Important facilities like hospitals, schools should be built in safe areas. In urban areas, water holding areas can be created like ponds, lakes or low-lying areas.

v. The buildings should be constructed on an elevated area. If necessary build on stilts

or platform.



vi. The amount of runoff can be decreased with the help of reforestation, protection of vegetation, clearing of debris from streams and other water holding areas, conservation of ponds and lakes etc.

vii. Flood diversion measures like construction of levees, embankments and dams

should be undertaken.

Conclusion

As per an estimate, 12% of India’s land is prone to floods. As per the Central Water Commission (CWC), floods resulted in a loss of 0.86% of the total GDP in the 1970s and

1980s. However, in the present decade, this share has come down to 0.1% of the GDP. Taking into account the growing size of the economy, still, the loss is huge. Hence the administration should take concrete measures on a long term basis to tame the menace of recurrent floods.

-x-x-x-x-

Rohingya Crisis and Its Genesis

Rohingya Crisis and Its Genesis

The situation in

Rakhinhe state of Myanmar has worsened now and the Rohingya Muslims have been forced to take shelter in squalid refugee camps. Thousands of refugees have moved to neighbour countries like Bangladesh, India,

Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, etc. but some of the countries have refused to provide shelter to Rohingya including India.

Who are the Rohingya?

The Rohingya, a Muslim ethnic-minority group lived for centuries in the Buddhist majority Myanmar. The population of Rohingya at present is around 1.1 million who live in the South Asian country. They are often termed as the "world's most persecuted minority". They speak Rohingya or Ruaingga, a dialect that is different from others in Rakhine State and throughout the whole country. They are not even considered as one of the parts of 135 officially declared ethnic groups of Myanmar and have been denied the status of citizenship



in the country since 1982. They are stateless but the question is where the Rohingyas came from?

According to the historians, Rohingya Muslims have lived in the area since as early as

the 12th century, while the Arakan Rohingya National Organisation (ARNO) says Rohingyas are living in Arakan (now known as Rakhine) from time immemorial.

According to Human Rights Watch (HRW), the significant amount of migration of labourers from Burma, now known as Myanmar came from India and Bangladesh during more than 100 years of the British rule. Since then, such migration of labourers was considered as the internal migration because Myanmar was one of the provinces of India

administered by the British. But after Burmese independence in 1948, it has become one of the major reasons of disturbance in the region where the majority of the native population and even the government considered such migration which was happened before independence as illegal and void. On this basis, the citizenship of Rohingyas has been denied.

India-Japan Relations: Changing Dynamics and China Factor Cause of Rohingya Muslim’s Persecution

Majorly, the media have highlighted the dire situation of Rohingya Muslim’s fleeing

persecution, but failed to identify the actual reason for their persecution. The ethnic group has become the prime target of the violence perpetrated by both the state as well as

Buddhist nationalists. The Rakhinhe State, the epicentre of the conflict, has Buddhist as a majority in groups and Rohingya Muslims as a minority.

The first reason is the toxic mixture of historical centre-territorial disputes, the existence of serious inter-communal and inter-religious conflict with ethnic Muslim minority communities, and extreme poverty and under-development of such groups.

Second, a number of discrimination by the Myanmar government itself imposed on

the ethnic minority group through restrictions like family planning, marriage, language, employment education, religious choice and freedom of movement for the livelihood. In the northern towns of Maungdaw and Buthidaung, Rohingya couples are allowed to have only

two children and before marriage, they must get approval from the state authority. Without the state approval, they cannot move outside of their actual township.

Third, during the violence broke out in 2012, Rohingya men were accused of raping and killing Buddhist women. As a revenge, the Buddhist nationalists responded by burning Rohingya homes, killing more than 280 people and displacing tens of thousands, later, which was termed as the “crimes against humanity” by Human Right Watch (HRW).

The situation in Rakhinhe has worsened now and the Rohingya Muslims have been

forced to take shelter in squalid refugee camps. Thousands of refugees have moved to neighbour countries like Bangladesh, India, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, etc. but some of the countries have refused to provide shelter to Rohingya including India. As per the report

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Current Affairs October 2017

Publisher : Jagran Josh Author : Jagran Josh

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