kredo sal - united states agency for international development

Assessment of Public Water Networks and Facilities in Jezzine Caza –South Lebanon Final Assessment Report

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Final Assessment Report

August 2016

Volume 1 of 5

KREDO SAL

SAYDEH ST., CARMEL BLDG., P.O. BOX 166864

ACHRAFIEH, BEIRUT, LEBANON

TEL: 961-1-204957/ 8/ 9 - FAX: 961-1-336399

LEBANON WATER PROJECT

Assessment of Public Potable Water Networks and Facilities in Jezzine Caza - South Lebanon

Subcontract No.: IQC-LWP-16-00006

REPUBLIC OF LEBANON South Lebanon Water Establishment


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LEBANON WATER PROJECT FINAL ASSESSMENT REPORT OF PUBLIC POTABLE WATER

NETWORKS AND FACILITIES IN JEZZINE CAZA - SOUTH LEBANON.

Project Name: Assessment of Public Potable Water Networks and Facilities in Jezzine Caza - South Lebanon

Contractor: DAI Global, LLC

Subcontractor: KREDO SAL

Subcontract No: IQC-LWP-16-00006

Task Order No: PUR-LWP-16-0075

Date of Submittal: August 30, 2016

Author: KREDO SAL


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CONTENT ACRONYMS................................................................................................................. 1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................ 2

INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 4

ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY AND FINDINGS .............................................. 9

1. RESERVOIRS .......................................................................................................... 9

2. DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS .................................................................................. 15

3. TRANSMISSION LINES .......................................................................................... 19

4. SPRINGS .............................................................................................................. 20

5. WELLS AND SUBMERSIBLE PUMPS ....................................................................... 21

6. PUMPING STATIONS ............................................................................................ 22

7. BULK FLOWMETERS ............................................................................................. 23

8. CHLORINATION SYSTEMS .................................................................................... 24

9. WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS .................................................................... 24

RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................ 27

PRELIMINARY COST BREAKDOWN ................................................................... 30

ANNEX A - ASSETS DETAILS ............................................................................... 32

ANNEX B - ASSETS CONDITION DETAILS ....................................................... 33

ANNEX C - FILLED DATA SHEETS AND PHOTOS .......................................... 34

ANNEX D - TEMPLATE DATA SHEETS .............................................................. 35

ANNEX E - DATABASE FULLY DETAILED TABLES ........................................ 36

ANNEX F – ASSETS LOCATION MAP ................................................................. 37

ANNEX G – DETAILED COST ESTIMATION BY SYSTEM .............................. 38


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LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1: LIST OF VILLAGES ................................................................................................ 2

TABLE 2: TYPE OF ASSETS .................................................................................................. 4

TABLE 3: ASSETS TYPE AND CONDITION ............................................................................ 5

TABLE 4: CODING SYSTEM USED ....................................................................................... 6

TABLE 5: ID OF EACH VILLAGE ........................................................................................... 6

TABLE 6: MAIN ASSETS TYPE CODE AND SERIAL CODE ....................................................... 7

TABLE 7: CONNECTED ASSETS TYPE CODE, CONNECTION CODE, AND SERIAL NUMBER ...... 8

TABLE 8: RESERVOIR STATUS .......................................................................................... 10

TABLE 9: RESERVOIR CONDITION .................................................................................... 11

TABLE 10: DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS CONSTRUCTION DATE ........................................... 16

TABLE 11: DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS STATUS ................................................................. 17

TABLE 12: TRANSMISSION LINES CONSTRUCTION DATE .................................................. 20

TABLE 13: TRANSMISSION LINES REQUIRING REPLACEMENT ........................................... 20

TABLE 14: LIST OF WELLS OUT OF SERVICE ...................................................................... 21

TABLE 15: WELLS NEEDS MAINTENANCE ......................................................................... 21

TABLE 16: LIST OF PUMPING STATIONS THAT ARE NOT OPERATIONAL AND NOT IN USE . 22

TABLE 17: LIST OF PUMPING STATIONS NEEDING MAINTENANCE ................................... 22

TABLE 18: LIST OF BULK FLOWMETERS NEED REPLACEMENT ........................................... 23

TABLE 19: COORDINATES ................................................................................................ 23

TABLE 20: LIST OF CHLORINATION SYSTEM NOT WORKING ............................................. 24

TABLE 21: LIST OF CHLORINATION SYSTEM REQUIRING MAINTENANCE/ REPLACEMENT . 24

TABLE 22: LIST OF WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANTS THAT NEED MAINTENANCE ........ 25

TABLE 23: LINES NEEDING REPLACEMENT ....................................................................... 27

TABLE 24: FUTURE ADDITIONAL WATER SUPLY ............................................................... 28

TABLE 25: COST BREAKDOWN ESTIMATED SUMMARY .................................................... 30


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LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1: RESERVOIR STATUS .......................................................................................... 9

FIGURE 2: RESERVOIR CONSTRUCTION DATE .................................................................. 10

FIGURE 3: RESERVOIRS BY CONDITION ............................................................................ 15

FIGURE 4: DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS CONSTRUCTION DATE ........................................... 16

FIGURE 5: DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS BY CONDITION ...................................................... 18

FIGURE 6: TRANSMISSION LINES CONSTRUCTION DATE .................................................. 19

FIGURE 7: BULK FLOWMETERS CONNECTION .................................................................. 23


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ACRONYMS

BOQ Bill of Quantities

DAI DAI Global, LLC

DG Director General

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

ERP Enterprise Resource Planning

ESRI Environmental System Research Institute

GIS Geographical Information System

KM Kilometers

LAN Local Area Network

LBP Lebanese Pounds (currency)

LPS Liters Per Second

LWP Lebanon Water Project

M Meters

MEW Ministry of Energy and Water

MOU Memorandum of Understanding

M³ Cubic Meters

NGO Non-Governmental Organization

O&M Operation and Maintenance

RWE Regional Water Establishment

SLWE South Lebanon Water Establishment

USAID United States Agency for International Development

USD United States Dollars (currency)

WE Water Establishments

WTP Water Treatment Plant

WWTP Waste Water Treatment Plant


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The United States Agency for International Development represented by Development Alternatives Inc. (DAI) has commissioned KREDO SAL with the consultancy services for the Assessment of Public Potable Water Networks and Facilities in Jezzine-South Lebanon.

The project covers the following villages, most of them in the Caza of Jezzine:

Table 1: List of Villages

Village_Name Caza Village_Name Caza

1 Aariye Jezzine 23 Machmouche Jezzine

2 Aazour Jezzine 24 Maknouniye Jezzine

3 Anane Jezzine 25 Mazraat el Mathane Jezzine

4 Baba Jezzine 26 Mazraat er Rohbane Jezzine

5 Barti Saida 27 Midane Jezzine

6 Benouati Jezzine 28 Mlikh Jezzine

7 Bhannine Jezzine 29 Mlikh-Mazraat er Rohbane Jezzine

8 Bisri Jezzine 30 Ouadi Jezzine Jezzine

9 Bkassine Jezzine 31 Qaitoule Jezzine

10 Bouslaya Jezzine 32 Qattine Jezzine

11 Bteddine el Loqch Jezzine 33 Qoubeaa Jezzine

12 Dahr ed Deir Jezzine 34 Qtale Jezzine

13 Ghbatiye Jezzine 35 Raimat Jezzine

14 Haidab Jezzine 36 Roum Jezzine

15 Haitoule Jezzine 37 Roummane Jezzine Jezzine

16 Haitoura Jezzine 38 Sabah Jezzine

17 Harf Jezzine 39 Saidoun Jezzine

18 Homsiye Jezzine 40 Sfenti Saida

19 Jabal Toura Jezzine 41 Sniye Jezzine

20 Jezzine Jezzine 42 Taaid Jezzine

21 Kafra-Jbaa Nabatieh 43 Zhalta Jezzine

22 Kfar Houne Jezzine

The main objective was to assess the public potable water networks in the villages/towns listed above including:

Springs Reservoirs Distribution Networks Transmission Lines Wells and Submersible Pumps Catchment Sedimentation Basin

Waste Water Treatment Plants Pumping Stations


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Flow/Water Meters As well as any supporting facilities.

Additional emphasis was given to critically needed missing assets as reported by the SLWE.

The data was collected through approved forms (datasheets) recording the status and condition of all these assets in order to allow for the assessment process.

The datasheet of each asset included a description of the general physical conditions of civil works and electromechanical equipment and its performance supported by photos except for buried distribution networks and transmission lines.

Also data for each asset was linked to the Geographic Information System and the SLWE database for Jezzine was updated.

A total number of 329 assets was assessed. The breakdown of these assets by condition was:

203 Good

54 Need Maintenance

59 Need Replacement

13 Are either private assets, not in use or out of service

Twelve closed systems or water supply-distribution systems were identified.

The cost of all type of repairs in these 12 closed systems excluding the supply and installation of customer water meters is estimated at around 5,195,000USD.

The cost of the supply and installation of the customer water meters in the 12 closed systems for current subscribers in 2016 is estimated at around 576,000USD, whereas, for the non-subscribers it is estimated at around 813,000USD.

The total cost for all types of repairs is estimated around 6,584,000USD.

Recommendations for interventions are made and priorities are to be discussed with LWP Team and SLWE.


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INTRODUCTION

The project focuses on the assessment of the need for activities to be implemented to reduce non-revenue water in the Caza of Jezzine- South Lebanon. The assessment takes into consideration the whole water cycle, from water sources (springs and wells) all the way to household level including catchment sedimentation basin, pumping and treatment stations, storage facilities, transmission lines, distribution networks, and water meters.

The project covers the study of a number of public potable water assets distributed over the villages in the Caza of Jezzine as stated above. The following assets have been identified and data was collected for these assets with the help of the corresponding municipalities and the SLWE:

Table 2: Type of Assets

Asset Type No.

Bulk Flowmeter 29

Catchment Sedimentation Basin 1

Chlorination System 10

Distribution Network 42

Pumping Station 11

Reservoir 94

Spring 31

Transmission Line 86

Waste Water Treatment Plant 7

Well and Submersible Pump 18

Total Assets 329

Detailed data relating to these assets is provided in Annex A.

Part of the required information could not be collected either because of the unavailability of this information or the inaccessibility to the site.

Assessment was done on site and through the photos taken as well as based on the information from the SLWE and municipalities about whether the asset is operational or not. The condition of each asset was evaluated and rated following 3 levels: 1=Good Condition, 2=Needs Maintenance, 3=Needs Replacement, 4=Not in Use/Out of Service, and 5=Private (Privately Owned). The following table shows a brief breakdown of the condition rating by asset type and condition:


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Table 3: Assets Type and Condition

Asset Type No. Condition

Bulk Flowmeter 27 1

2 3

Catchment Sedimentation Basin 1 2

Chlorination System 7 1

3 3

Distribution Network 25 1

4 2

13 3

Pumping Station 5 1

4 2

2 4

Reservoir 39 1

19 2

36 3

Spring 9 1

17 2

2 3

3 5

Transmission Line 83 1

3 3

Waste Water Treatment Plant 6 2

1 4

Well and Submersible Pump 8 1

3 2

6 4

1 5

Coding of Assets

A coding system was used to identify each asset. The unique code for each asset is the Data Sheet ID which is given to the data sheet containing all the collected data for the asset. For clarity assets where divided into 2 groups:

1. Main Assets

Reservoir

Pumping Station

Catchment Sedimentation Basin

Waste Water Treatment Plant


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Well and Submersible Pump

Spring

2. Connected Assets (connected to a main asset}

Chlorination System

Valve

Bulk Flowmeter

Transmission Line

Distribution Network

The code includes 3 parts for main assets and 4 parts for connected assets separated by hyphens.

Table 4: Coding System Used

Part 1 Village reference: ID

Number that uniquely refers to the village where the asset is located

3 digits See Table 5 below

Part 2 Asset type code

Identifies the type of asset. 2 capital letters See Table 6 below

Part 3 Asset serial code

A serial code for each type of asset. 3 digits See Tables 6 & 7 below

Part 4 Serial number

Only for connected assets. 01 is by default. In case there are more than 1 asset of the same type connected to the same main asset Part 4 of their ID will be 02, 03,..etc.

2 digits

The following table shows the ID of each village: Table 5: ID of Each Village

ID Village Name Caza ID Village Name Caza

101 Qtale Jezzine 120 Midane Jezzine

102 Taaid Jezzine 121 Harf Jezzine

104 Anane Jezzine 122 Bhannine Jezzine

103 Aariye Jezzine 123 Bisri Jezzine

105 Bkassine Jezzine 124 Machmouche Jezzine


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106 Aazour Jezzine 125 Mazraat el Mathane Jezzine

107 Sabah Jezzine 126 Ghbatiye Jezzine

108 Roum Jezzine 127 Bteddine el Loqch Jezzine

109 Baba Jezzine 128 Benouati Jezzine

110 Jezzine Jezzine 129 Saidoun Jezzine

111 Homsiye Jezzine 130 Haitoule Jezzine

112 Ouadi Jezzine Jezzine 132 Haitoura Jezzine

113 Qaitoule Jezzine 133 Sniye Jezzine

114 Qoubeaa Jezzine 136 Zhalta Jezzine

115 Raimat Jezzine 137 Bouslaya Jezzine

116 Qattine Jezzine 138 Kafra-Jbaa Nabatieh

117 Maknouniye Jezzine 139 Kfar Houne Jezzine

118 Barti Saida 141 Mazraat er Rohbane Jezzine

119 Haidab Jezzine 142 Mlikh Jezzine

143 Mlikh-Mazraat er Rohbane Jezzine

Table 6 shows the assets type code and their serial code: Table 6: Main Assets Type Code and Serial Code

Main Asset Type Asset Type Code Asset Serial Code

Starts With

Reservoir RS 100

Pumping Station PS 400

Waste Water Treatment Plant WW 500

Catchment Sedimentation Basin WT 600

Well and Submersible Pump WL 200

Spring SP 300


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Table 7: Connected Assets Type Code, Connection Code, and Serial Number

Connected Asset Type Asset Type Code

Chlorination System CH

Valve VA

Bulk Flowmeter FM

Transmission Line TP

Distribution Network DP

For connected assests (chlorination systems, flow meters, transmission lines, distribution networks, and valves), Part 3 indicates the main asset to which they are connected.

Examples:

1. A Reservoir (Main Asset) in the village of Machmouche (Deir Machmouche resevoir) has a Data Sheet ID: 124-RS-171

a. 124 is the code for the village-Machmouche b. RS is the type code for reservoirs c. 171 is the serial code of this reservoir (Starting with 100 for reservoirs)

2. A Pumping Sation (Main Asset) in the village of Kafra-Jbaa (Al Maslakh Pumping Station) has a Data Sheet ID: 138-PS-408

a. 138 is the code for the village- Kafra-Jbaa b. PS is the type code for Pumping Stations c. 408 is the serial code of this Pumping Station (Starting with 400 for Pumping

Stations)

3. A distribution network (Connected Asset) in the village of Qaitoule, connected to the Qaitoule(4) reservoir (Data Sheet ID: 113-RS-112), has a Data Sheet ID: 113-DP-112-01

a. 113 indicated the asset is in Qaitoule (Village code 113) b. DP is the type code for distribution networks c. 112 is the serial code of the asset (in this case Reservoir) that the network is

connected to d. The last 2 digits are a serial number (01, 02, 03,..) in case there is more than

one distribution network connected to the same main asset


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ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY

AND FINDINGS

KREDO team carried out site visits to all the villages included in the study area accompanied by an SLWE representative, checked out all of the facilities available in each village and collected the maximum amount of available data relying on both visual inspection as well as any relevant information that could be collected from municipalities or the SLWE. The collected data was recorded on the approved data sheets with attached photos. All datasheets are attached in Annex C. Annexes D, E, and F contain Template Data Sheets, Database Fully Detailed Excel Tables, and Assets Location Map respectively.

An on-site preliminary assessment for the condition of the assets was carried out and recorded as: 1=Good Condition, 2=Needs Maintenance/Repair, 3=Needs Replacement, 4=Not in Use/Out of Service, and 5=Private (Privately Owned). A further assessment was performed based on the construction date of the asset, the reported frequency of repairs, as well as suggestions for improvement from the relevant municipality officials or SLWE.

The following details the findings and assessment for each type of asset.

1. RESERVOIRS

A total of 94 reservoirs were inspected and assessed. A list of all these reservoirs distributed according to their serial is found in Annex A.

Many of these reservoirs were found Out of Service/ Not Operational. As shown in the table below 38% of the reservoirs are Not Operational. The SLWE will not replace any of the reservoirs that are not operational as per meetings with SLWE Engineers.

38%

62%

Reservoir Status

Not Operational

Operational

Figure 1: Reservoir Status


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Table 8: Reservoir Status

Moreover from the collected data 47 % of the reservoirs inspected are relatively new with construction dates not older than 30 years as shown in the chart below.

Based on visual inspection assessment of the condition of the reservoirs, most of the operational reservoirs which are of the most recent construction-are in good condition or need some minor maintenance. The remainder of the reservoirs either need maintenance or full replacement as their condition is very deteriorated. As per following table.

Reservoir Status No.

Not Operational 36

Operational 58

Total 94

35%

4%

47%

14%

Reservoir Construction Date

More than 50 years

Between 30 and 50 years

Less than 30 years

Data Not Available

Figure 2: Reservoir Construction Date


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Table 9: Reservoir Condition

Serial

Data Sheet ID

Reservoir Name Village Name Status

Volume

Construction Date

Need Replacement

1 106-RS-113 Aazour (3) Aazour Operational 400 1965

2 110-RS-107

Ain Majdalain

New Jezzine Operational 200 NA

3 124-RS-192 Jal Neshe Machmouche Operational 25 1955

4 128-RS-143 Al Aarid Benouati Operational 15 1996

5 108-RS-188 Roum (1) Roum

Not

Operational 200 1995

6 105-RS-121 Bkassine (4) Bkassine

Not


7 113-RS-128 Qaitoule (2) Qaitoule

Not


8 113-RS-129 Qaitoule (3) Qaitoule

Not


9 128-RS-141 Benouati (5) Benouati

Not

Operational 100 NA

10 142-RS-147 Mlikh(1) Mlikh

Not



Not

Operational 75 1946

12 124-RS-174 Machmouche (4) Machmouche

Not

Operational 75 NA


Not

Operational 50 1955

14 106-RS-114 Aazour (1) Aazour

Not

Operational 50 1965

15 106-RS-115 Aazour (2) Aazour

Not

Operational 50 NA

16 110-RS-103 Shakharib Jezzine

Not

Operational 50 1965

17 110-RS-104 Al Mtol Jezzine

Not

Operational 50

1950

18 118-RS-158 Barti (2) Barti

Not

Operational 50 1955


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19 118-RS-159 Barti (1) Barti

Not

Operational 50 1955


Not

Operational 50 NA

21 130-RS-193 Haitoule (1) Haitoule

Not

Operational 50 1955

22 132-RS-168 Haitoura (2) Haitoura

Not

Operational 50 1955

23 139-RS-135 Kfar Houne (2) Kfar Houne

Not

Operational 50 NA

24 141-RS-165

Mazraat er

Rohbane

Mazraat er

Rohbane

Not

Operational 50 1935

25 142-RS-148 Mlikh(2) Mlikh

Not

Operational 50 NA

26 105-RS-117 Taamir Bkassine Bkassine

Not

Operational 25 1960


Not

Operational 25

28 111-RS-133 Homsiye (1) Homsiye

Not

Operational 25 1955

29 112-RS-164 Ouadi Jezzine (1) Ouadi Jezzine

Not

Operational 25 1955

30 115-RS-180 Raimat (1) Raimat

Not

Operational 25 1965

31 116-RS-156 Deir Qattine Qattine

Not

Operational 25 1955

32 123-RS-166 Bisri Bisri

Not

Operational 25 1955


Not

Operational 25 1955


Not

Operational 25 1965


Not

Operational 25 NA

36 133-RS-151 Sniye (1) Sniye

Not

Operational 25

1955


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Need Maintenance

1 110-RS-106 Jezzine (2) Jezzine Operational 500 2005

2 125-RS-160

Mazraat el

Mathane

Mazraat el

Mathane Operational 500 2000

3 103-RS-110 Aariye Aariye Operational 200 1995

4 115-RS-179 Raimat (3) Raimat Operational 200 1980

5 138-RS-181 Al Bsays Kafra-Jbaa Operational 150 1950

6 105-RS-116 Daher al Ramle Bkassine Operational 100 2001

7 105-RS-118 Jwar El Souss Bkassine Operational 100 2006

8 108-RS-187 Roum Roum Operational 100 2001

9 124-RS-171

Deir

Machmouche Machmouche Operational 100 NA

10 114-RS-111 Qoubeaa Qoubeaa Operational 75 1955

11 110-RS-108

Ain Majdalain

Old Jezzine Operational 50 NA


13 138-RS-185 kafra Kafra-Jbaa Operational 50 2003

14 113-RS-125 Al Mosfaye Qaitoule Operational 30 1950

15 142-RS-146 Mlikh(3) Mlikh Operational 30 2001

16 101-RS-169 Qtale Qtale Operational 25

17 109-RS-155 Baba Baba Operational 25 1955

18 122-RS-154 Bhannine (2) Bhannine

Not


19 112-RS-163 Ouadi Jezzine (3) Ouadi Jezzine

Not

Operational 25 1955

Good Condition

1 110-RS-101 Toghra Jezzine Operational 2000 2000

2 110-RS-102 Jezzine (1) Jezzine Operational 2000 2000

3 105-RS-119 Bkassine (2) Bkassine Operational 1000 2005

4 113-RS-112 Qaitoule (4) Qaitoule Operational 1000 2001

5 113-RS-126 Qaitoule (1) Qaitoule Operational 500 2009

6 138-RS-182 Aain al Zarka Kafra-Jbaa Operational 500 2015

7 121-RS-149 Harf Harf Operational 300 2012


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8 128-RS-139 Benouati (2) Benouati Operational 300 2011

9 132-RS-167 Haitoura (1) Haitoura Operational 300 2000

10 138-RS-183

Aain Abou el

Fadel Kafra-Jbaa Operational 300 2000

11 139-RS-134 Kfar Houne (1) Kfar Houne Operational 300 2001

12 117-RS-144 Haidab Maknouniye Operational 250 NA

13 107-RS-170 Sabah Sabah Operational 200 2006

14 108-RS-190 Sfaray Roum Operational 200 2000

15 110-RS-109 Aadous Jezzine Operational 200 2010

16 111-RS-132 Homsiye (2) Homsiye Operational 200 2014


18 118-RS-157 Barti (3) Barti Operational 200 2016

19 124-RS-175 Midane Machmouche Operational 200 2003

20 124-RS-176 Machmouche (2) Machmouche Operational 200 2013

21 127-RS-130

Bteddine El

Loqch

Bteddine El

Loqch Operational 200 2001

22 128-RS-138 Benouati (1) Benouati Operational 200 2006

23 130-RS-194 Haitoule (2) Haitoule Operational 200 2011

24 133-RS-150 Sniye (2) Sniye Operational 200 2000

25 136-RS-152 Zhalta Zhalta Operational 200 2001

26 102-RS-136 Taaid and Bisri Taaid Operational 100 2001

27 104-RS-191 Anane Anane Operational 100 2000

28 110-RS-105 Saray Jezzine Jezzine Operational 100 2006

29 112-RS-162 Ouadi Jezzine (2) Ouadi Jezzine Operational 100 2013

30 117-RS-145 Maknouniye Maknouniye Operational 100 2001

31 127-RS-131 Taamir Bteddine

Bteddine El

Loqch Operational 100 2011

32 137-RS-161 Bouslaya Bouslaya Operational 100 1980

33 128-RS-137 Al Mghayer Benouati Operational 90 1975

34 105-RS-124 Bkassine (1) Bkassine Operational 50 2005

35 113-RS-127 Birket Al Ray Qaitoule Operational 50 2009

36 138-RS-184 Al Maslakh Kafra-Jbaa Operational 50 2000


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37 122-RS-153 Bhannine (1) Bhannine Operational 1965

38 108-RS-189 Roum Roum

Not

Operational 50 1950

39 129-RS-192 Saidoun Saidoun

Not

Operational 25 1965

The following chart shows a summary of the above table:

A detailed list for the above is in Annex B.

2. DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS

A total of 42 distribution networks were inspected and assessed. A list of all these networks distributed according to their location is found in Annex A.

All of these inspected networks are operational. Most of the leaks or other damages are repaired immediately by the relevant water department of the SLWE.

As shown by the chart and table below half of the networks are of relatively recent construction date.

36

19

39

Reservoirs by Condition

Need Replacement

Need Maintenace

In Good Condition

Figure 3: Reservoirs by Condition


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Table 10: Distribution Networks Construction Date

As the distribution network is underground and therefore it is not possible to inspect it visually, we have based our assessment on 3 main criteria: 1) the construction date of the network when available, 2) the frequency of the leaks or damages occurring per year, information provided by relevant authorities, and 3) some of these networks were recently constructed under the supervision of KREDO SAL and their condition is known to be good as the construction was very recent.

Below is a table showing the condition of the networks based on the assessment criteria presented above.

Distribution Networks Construction Date

No. Percentage

More than 40 years 13 31%

Less than 40 years 28 67%

Data Not Available 1 2%

Total 42

31%

67%

2%

Distribution Networks Construction Date

More than 40 years

less than 40 years

Data Not Available

Figure 4: Distribution Networks Construction Date


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Table 11: Distribution Networks Status

Serial Data Sheet ID Network Name Village Name Length

(m) Construction Date

Need Replacement

1 102-DP-136-01 Taaid and Bisri Taaid 755 1965

2 105-DP-119-01 Bkassine (2) Bkassine 9,563 1976

3 109-DP-155-01 Baba Baba 400 1965

4 113-DP-112-01 Qaitoule (3) Qaitoule 8,000 1956

5 114-DP-111-01 Qoubeaa Qoubeaa 1,500 1955

6 116-DP-328-01 Qattine Qattine 3,420 1965

7 123-DP-166-01 Bisri Bisri 1,526 1965

8 124-DP-192-01 Jal Neshe Machmouche 2,065 1975

9 125-DP-160-01 Mazraat el Mathane Mazraat el Mathane 840 1965

10 127-DP-130-01 Bteddine El Loqch Bteddine El Loqch 3,720 1985

11 132-DP-167-01 Haitoura (1) Haitoura 1,162 1965

12 133-DP-150-01 Sniye (2) Sniye 2,613 1975

13 137-DP-161-01 Bouslaya Bouslaya 2,719 1965

Need Maintenance

1 110-DP-501-01 Jezzine Jezzine 24,728 2005

2 112-DP-162-01 Ouadi Jezzine (2) Ouadi Jezzine 4,033 2005

3 115-DP-178-01 Raimat (4) Raimat 10,000 1983

4 139-DP-134-01 Kfar Houne Kfar Houne 8,411 2000

Good Condition

1 101-DP-169-01 Qtale Qtale 2014-2016

2 103-DP-110-01 Aariye Aariye 7,400 1995

3 104-DP-191-01 Anane Anane 1985

4 105-DP-116-01 Daher Al Ramle Bkassine 2015

5 105-DP-118-01 Jwar El Souss Bkassine 2006

6 106-DP-113-01 Aazour Aazour 2014-2015

7 107-DP-170-01 Sabah Sabah 1965

8 108-DP-187-01 Roum Roum 2014-2015

9 108-DP-190-01 Sfaray-Roum Roum


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10 111-DP-132-01 Homsiye (2) Homsiye 2015

11 113-DP-127-01 Birket Al Ray Qaitoule 5,000 2012

12 117-DP-145-01 Maknouniye Maknouniye 1990

13 118-DP-157-01 Barti Barti 5,000 1985

14 119-DP-144-01 Maknouniye-Haidab Haidab 2015

15 120-DP-175-01

Machmouche-

Midane Midane 2015

16 121-DP-149-01 Harf Harf 2014-2016

17 122-DP-153-01 Bhannine Bhannine 1,000 2000

18 124-DP-176-01 Machmouche (2) Machmouche 2014-2015

19 126-DP-176-01 Ghbatiye Ghbatiye 1995

20 128-DP-139-01 Benouati Benouati 8,000 2016

21 129-DP-144-01 Saidoun Saidoun 2014-2015

22 130-DP-194-01 Haitoule Haitoule 500 2011

23 136-DP-152-01 Zhalta Zhalta 1985

24 138-DP-181-01 Al Bsays Kafra-Jbaa 2,000 1995

25 142-DP-146-01 Mlikh Mlikh 5,000 2000

The following chart shows a summary of the above table:

Figure 5: Distribution Networks by Condition

A detailed list for the above is in Annex B.

NB. All of the networks that have been recently constructed have their contractual defect liability period ending June 11, 2016.

13

4

25

Distribution Networks by Condition

Need Replacement

Need Maintenance

Good Condition


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3. TRANSMISSION LINES

A detailed inspection was first carried out on 3 lines that are critically needed as per SLWE report:

a. The existing 1.3 Km line starting at Aazibe el Fawka spring to near Municipality of Jezzine with a 4” pipe diameter. The proposed connection was to a 6” pipe diameter line recently executed starting around 1,300 m from the Aazibe el Fawka spring to reach the Municipality of Jezzine.

b. The existing 2.5 Km line is from Jezzine Municipality to Daher Al Ramleh/ Homsiyeh, it connect with the 6” pipe diameter at Aazibe el Fawka which was executed lately near Jezzine Municipality.

c. The proposed 3.2 Km line from Ain Majdalain well, which was executed by UNICEF in year 2015, to be connected to Ain Majdalain reservoir with a 5” pipe diameter.

In addition to the previous 3 lines, a total of 86 transmission lines all over the study area were inspected and assessed. A list of all these lines, with their upstream and downstream nodes and their IDs, is in Annex A.

All of these inspected lines are operational. Most of the leaks or other damages are repaired immediately by the relevant water department.

As shown by the chart and table below 56 % of the lines are of very recent construction date with no data available for 30% of the lines.

5% 9%

56% 30%

Transmission Lines Construction Date

More than 40 years

Between 20 and 40 years

Less than 20 years

Data Not Available

Figure 6: Transmission Lines Construction Date


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Table 12: Transmission Lines Construction Date

Two of the lines with construction dates between 20 and 40 years and 1 line with construction date more than 40 years have been very recently rehabilitated which makes the number of relatively new lines 51 i.e. 60% of the lines.

As the visual inspection is not possible and a great number of the lines is of relatively new construction we have based our assessment on the information provided by the relevant authorities which advised that 4 lines need to be rehabilitated/replaced. These are the following:

Table 13: Transmission Lines Requiring Replacement

Start End Size Length Data Sheet ID of Lines to Be

Replaced

1. Anane Sfaray reservoir

Mazraat el Mathane 2” 1 Km 125-TP-160-01

2. Jezzine- Jouret Al Souq

Jwar El Souss reservoir

3” 1 Km 105-TP-118-01

3. Toghra reservoir/Dahr el Ramleh

Bisri and Taaid reservoir

2” 2 Km 102-TP-136-01

4. Machmouche Ghbatiye 2” 3 Km

Details of these lines are in the detailed list for transmission lines in Annex A.

4. SPRINGS

A total of 31 springs were identified (refer to annex A for a detailed list). Most of the springs are either connected to transmission lines or to distribution networks.

a. 3 springs are privately owned. b. 3 springs are not operational i.e. not connected to any transmission or distribution

network. c. 25 are used for water supply either household or irrigation

Transmission Lines Construction Date

No. Percentage

More than 40 years 4 5%

Between 20 and 40 years 8 9%

Less than 20 years 48 56%

Data Not Available 26 30%

Total 86


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5. WELLS AND SUBMERSIBLE PUMPS

A total of 18 wells were identified. A list is in Annex A.

a. 6 of these wells are out of service.

Table 14: List of Wells Out of Service

Village Well Name

Data Sheet ID

Ownership Status Comments

Aazour Aazour 106-WL-201

SLWE Not Operational

Out of service because of collapses in the walls of the well.

Bhannine Bhannine 122-WL-213

Municipality Not Operational

Constructed for the South Council and out of service for 7 years now because of collapses in the walls of the well. Station is equipped with a chlorination system.

Jezzine Midane (1)

110-WL-206


Out of service for 5 years now. Well dry. Pump is removed

Jezzine Haleli Jezzine

110-WL-207


Out of service for 20 years now. Pump is removed

Jezzine Aadous (2)

110-WL-211


Well is still not used to date because of the absence of a network.

Mazraat er Rohbane

Mazraaet el Rohbane

141-WL-215

Municipality Not Operational

Old Well. No houses.

b. 11 are operational. 3 out of them need some maintenance work.

Table 15: Wells Needs Maintenance

Village Well Name

Data Sheet ID Ownership Status Operator Comments

Jezzine Shoum (1) 110-WL-202 SLWE Operational SLWE Surge vessel not working

Jezzine Jouret Al Souq

110-WL-204 SLWE Operational SLWE 2 electrical panel / one needs replacement / second good

Jezzine Midane (2) 110-WL-208 SLWE Operational SLWE Electric valve. Working only manually

a. 1 well is private and could not be inspected


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6. PUMPING STATIONS

A total of 11 pumping stations were identified. A list is in Annex A.

a. 2 pumping stations are not operational and not in use

Table 16: List of Pumping Stations that are Not Operational and Not in Use

Village Data Sheet ID Status Comments

Haitoura 132-PS-405 Not Operational

Pump Station is canceled. (Used to pump water from Al Toghra network to Haitoura reservoir until the construction of the new distribution network)

Qattine 116-PS-328 Not Operational

Pump station is not operational for 9 months now because it is difficult to access it and because of the availability of alternatives. There is leak in the lines.

b. 4 pumping stations need maintenance

Table 17: List of Pumping Stations Needing Maintenance

Village Data_Sheet_ID Const. Date

Status Comments

Benouati 128-PS-404 Operational Water is leaking from the tank

Bkassine 105-PS-402 2005 Operational Chlorination not working / surge vessel not working / 2 pump FELM Brand

Jezzine 110-PS-401 2000 Operational There are 4 chlorine pumps. All not working. The water reaches the station and is stored in a 200 m3 underground tank. There is a surge vessel that is out of service.

Raimat 115-PS-406 Operational 2 pumps leaking water


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7. BULK FLOWMETERS

A total of 29 flow meters were identified. A list is found in Annex A. Most of the flow meters were installed on transmission lines. Following is the distribution of the flow meters:

Figure 7: Bulk Flowmeters Connection

Also all of the flow meters are in good condition except 2 of them that need to be replaced:

Table 18: List of Bulk Flowmeters needing replacement

Village Name

Flow Meter Data Sheet ID Asset Name

Construction Date Size

Source Production

Flowmeter Type

Bkassine 105-FM-402-01 Bkassine Pumping Station 2005 4"

Woltman

Jezzine 110-FM-204-01 Jouret El Souq (1) 2013 100 mm 0 m3/h McCrometer

Table 19: Coordinates

Data Sheet ID X Y Elevation 105-FM-402-01 -331878 -64827 847

110-FM-204-01 -331878 -64827 847

6

22

1

Bulk Flowmeters Connection

Connected to Distribution Network

Connected to Transmission Line

Not Connected


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8. CHLORINATION SYSTEMS

A total of 10 chlorination systems was identified. A list of these systems is found in Annex A.

Three of these systems are not working and need maintenance or replacement; one system has not been used since installation but is in good condition.

Table 20: List of Chlorination System Not Working

Village Name Data Sheet ID

Asset Name

Ownership Status

Condition Comments

Haitoule 130-CH-220-01 Haitoule

Well SLWE Not Operational 1

Not used since installation

Table 21: List of Chlorination System Requiring Maintenance/ Replacement

Village Name Data Sheet ID Asset Name Ownership Status Condition Comments

Barti 118-CH-214-01 Barti Well SLWE Not Operational 3

Jezzine 110-CH-204-01 Jouret El Souq SLWE Not Operational 3

Not Working

Roum 108-CH-218-01 Roum Well SLWE Not Operational 3 Not working

9. WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS

A total of 7 wastewater treatment plants were inspected and assessed. A list of all these wastewater treatment plants distributed according to their location is found in Annex A.

Following the inspection of our survey:

a. 2 of the plants are not operational and 4 are operational all 6 require maintenance. b. 1 plant is out of service

As for the main wastewater collector connecting the Jezzine Caza with the Saida

wastewater treatment plant was included in the assessment, and the results showed that

only Sfenti among the 43 villages which we assessed is connected through an old sewer

collector which goes to Saida WWTP and all the remaining villages are not connected to

the collector connecting Jezine Caza with Saida wastewater treatment plant. Villages

which have small WWTP have local networks connected to these WWTP.

Furthermore Lebaa, Ouadi Baanqoudaine, Choualiq and Kfar Jarra pumping stations are

connected to the Saida WWTP.


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Table 22: List of Waste Water Treatment Plants that Need Maintenance

Village Data Sheet ID X Y Elevation Comments

Need Maintenance

1 Barti 118-WW-601 -340953 -68829 275 The wastewater treatment plant of Barti is not operational, it is completely abandoned. Wastewater is diverted directly to the effluent exit.

2 Sniye 133-WW-601 -336202 -69649 768 The plant is operational alone by gravity, the influent enters the plant from the highest point and exit the plant from its lowest point. No remarkable smells, the odor is acceptable, The plant needs maintenance, disludging and cleaning up the surrounding area. the access road is in a very bad state.

3 Ghbatiye 126-WW-601 -330651 -63107 580 The plant is operational alone by gravity, the influent enters the plant from the highest point and exits the plant from its lower point. No remarkable smells, the odor is acceptable, The plant needs maintenance, disludging and cleaning up the surrounding area.

4 Bteddine el Loqch

127-WW-601 -333630 -63724 771 The plant is operational but it needs maintenance. Access road is not accessible, it needs rehabilitation and asphalting for the last 600 m. Maintenance works are very hard to be done and also providing fuel for the diesel generator.

5 Haitoura 132-WW-601 -334222 -69022 918 Last Rehabilitation: 2008

6 Bkassine 105-WW-601 -332959 -65026 989 The plant is operational

and Sidoon

Environmental Company

is in charge of its

operation.


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Out of Service

1 Ouadi Jezzine

112-WW-601 35°35'5.93"E 33°33'17.33"N 650 The plant is not operational and it is completely abandoned. The reason for halting operation is the bad smell that emanates during operation. The wastewater is completely diverted to the overflow


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RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the results of the above findings for the inspected assets we propose the following preliminary recommendations pertinent to the assets surveyed.

1. Reservoirs: Work is to be done on a total of 54 reservoirs to upgrade their condition to a satisfactory level. Out of these 54 reservoirs we recommend that 19 be subject to maintenance work and 2 to be completely replaced.

2. Distribution Networks: Work is to be done on a total of 17 networks to upgrade their condition to a satisfactory level. Out of these 17 networks, we recommend that 4 be subject to maintenance work and 13 to be completely replaced.

We also recommend the construction of the following:

a. One new gravity water line L=500 m, size=4” from Qtale reservoir to connect with the existing newly constructed distribution network in Qtale village.

b. A new water distribution network for the Mazraat al Mathane village (Population app. 1200, 70 to 80 subscribers) supplied from Mazraat al Mathane reservoir.

3. Transmission Lines: 3 new transmission lines are recommended for construction: a. 1,300 m, 6” DI link from the Aazibe Al Fawka spring to connect with the newly

constructed 6” line that starts 1,300 m away from Aazibe Al Fawka spring until the Jezzine Municipality.

To replace the old 4” line with many joints due to maintenance work.

b. 2,500 m, 6’’ DI line starting near the Jezzine Municipality where it should connect with a recently constructed 6” line coming from Aazibe Al Fawka spring and ending at Dahr Al Ramleh to connect with the 8” line coming from Toghra reservoir. At the time the municipality of Jezzine refused to dig up the road to finish this connection. However, and according to the head of the Jezzine Water Department, this is not an issue anymore.

c. 3,200 m, 5” line to connect the existing Aadous (2) well to Ain Majdalain reservoir (200 m3). The line is to pass under the Jezzine–Kfar Houne main road for around 50 m (the road is now being paved) and the rest under a paved branch road.

Also the replacement of existing 4 lines by new larger size lines as per the following list as requested by SLWE:

Table 23: Lines Needing Replacement

Existing Line to Be Replaced

Start End Size Length Data Sheet ID Size

1. Anane Sfaray reservoir

Mazraat el Mathane

2” 1 Km 125-TP-160-01 1.5”

2. Jezzine- Jouret Jwar El 3” 1 Km 105-TP-118-01 1.5”


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Al Souq Souss reservoir

3. Toghra reservoir/Dahr el Ramleh

Bisri and Taaid reservoir

2” 2 Km 102-TP-136-01 1.5”

4. Machmouche Ghbatiye 2” 3 Km

4. Springs: The 3 springs that are not connected to any network could be considered for future additional water supply. The following table lists these springs:

Table 24: Future Additional Water Suply

Village Asset Name

Data Sheet ID

X Y Z Ownership Status Comments

Barti Al Sfenti 118-SP-329

-339790 -70430 348 Municipality Not Operational

Used for drinking. No distribution line

Barti Al Hasel 118-SP-330


Used for drinking only. No distribution line

Bhannine Bhannine 122-SP-327


No transmission line to Bhannine village. Old network removed during the war

5. Wells and Submersible Pumps: We recommend that 3 wells located in Jezzine -Shoum(1), Jouret Al Souq, and Midane (2) be given some maintenance work.

6. Pumping stations: We recommend that 4 pumping stations be subject to maintenance

works as per the list in the previous paragraph.

7. Bulk Flow Meters: We recommend that 2 flow meters be replaced as listed in the previous paragraph. We also recommend installing flow meters on all production points and distribution networks that do not have flow meters already installed.

8. Chlorination Systems: We recommend that 3 chlorination systems be fixed or replaced as detailed above.


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9. Waste Water Treatment Plants: We recommend that 6 treatment plants be subject to maintenance as listed in the previous paragraph.

10. Catchment Sedimentation Basin: The basin collecting water from the Aazibe Al Fawka

spring need maintenance work.

Proposed Prioritization Criteria

In order to develop a repair and upgrade schedule and budget it is necessary to set out prioritization criteria and develop a capital investment plan for the Jezzine area based on the results. These criteria are to be discussed with the LWP-team and the SLWE management and may include without being limited to:

1. the criticality of the required works with respect to the reliability of the service

2. the amount of non-revenue water reduction

3. the number of subscribers benefiting from the improvement

4. the number of additional potential subscribers

5. the improvement in the quality of the water and the reduction of health hazards due

to water contamination

6. the total estimated value of the proposed works

As a priority action plan is being developed it may be necessary to analyze the findings of the asset survey versus the recommendations of any water master plan that the SLWE may have adopted for the region. As a result of this analysis the size and location of assets to be replaced may be changed, the need to repair and maintain some assets may be changed to adjust for the future needs of the population and the availability of water from existing sources and the need to develop additional ones.

The identification of future needs and relevant gap analysis may require an update of the SLWE master plan, the decision on this action would depend on the time frame within which the LWP program is set and its final objectives.


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PRELIMINARY COST

BREAKDOWN

Twelve closed systems or water supply-distribution systems were identified.

The cost of all type of repairs in these 12 closed systems excluding the supply and installation of customer water meters is estimated at around 5,195,000USD.

The cost of the supply and installation of the customer water meters in the 12 closed systems for current subscribers in 2016 is estimated at around 576,000USD, whereas, for the non-subscribers it is estimated at around 813,000USD.

The total cost for all types of repairs is estimated around 6,584,000USD.

The table below gives a summary for the cost estimation of the repairs system by system with and without customer water meter cost and installation cost for the curent SLWE subscribers 2016 and the non subscribers.

A detailed cost estimation per system is attached in Annex G.

Table 25: Cost Breakdown Estimated Summary

Current Subscribers 2016 Non-Subscribers

System

No.

System Name

Repair Cost Excluding

WM

Water Meter Cost

Water Meter

Installation

Cost

Water Meter Cost

Water Meter

Installation Cost

Total by System

1 Toghra System $2,831,730 $101,450

$202,900 $72,150 $144,300 $3,352,530

2 Benouati System $97,500 $7,050 $14,100 $13,800 $27,600 $160,050

3 Bhannine System $10,000 $ - $ - $900 $1,800 $12,700

4 Aariye system $26,800 $ - $ - $9,550 $19,100 $55,450

5 Bkassine System $756,780 $200 $400 $29,500 $59,000 $845,880

6 Jezzine System $1,201,280 $51,800

$103,600 $72,600 $145,200 $1,574,480

7 Kfar Houne System $93,110 $21,900 $43,800 $12,600 $25,200 $196,610

8 Kafra-Jbaa System $65,400 $ - $ - $47,400 $94,800 $207,600

9 Haitoule System $9,000 $ - $ - $900 $1,800 $11,700

10 Barti system $91,500 $ - $ - $8,800 $17,600 $117,900

11 Mlikh System $12,000 $9,200 $18,400 $650 $1,300 $41,550

12 No System $ - $250 $500 $2,250 $4,500 $7,500

Total $5,195,100 $191,850 $383,700 $271,100 $542,200 $6,583,950

Grand Total $6,583,950

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DRAWING TITLE :

SCALE :DATE:

APPROVEDCHECKEDDESIGNEDDRAWNM.N G.KC.BM.N

ASSETS LOCATION MAP

CONSULTANT :

AUGUST 2016 1 : 20000

P-1610PROJECT REF :PROJECT NAME :ASSESSMENT FOR PUBLIC POTABLE WATER NETWORKS

AND FACILITIES IN JEZZINE CAZA - SOUTH LEBANON

SOUTH LEBANONWATER ESTABLISHMENT

REPUBLIC OF LEBANONیة ن ا بن ل ا وریة لجمھ ا

CARMEL BLDG, SAYDEH ST, ACHRAFIEH, BEIRUT - LEBANON

No. Village NameNo. of

Population Projected

2016

No. of Household Projected

2016

No. of SLWE Subscribers

2016

No. of Water Meters to be

Installed for Non-Subscribers

1 Aariye 860 191 - 191 2 Aazour 1,107 246 200 46 3 Anane 1,184 263 208 55 4 Baba 99 22 11 11 5 Bart 792 176 - 176 6 Benouat 1,490 331 105 226 7 Bhannine 81 18 - 18 8 Bisri 293 65 42 23 9 Bkassine 2,673 594 4 590 10 Bouslaya 270 60 27 33 11 Bteddine el Loqch 702 156 57 99 12 Dahr ed Deir 50 11 5 6 13 Ghbatye 387 86 36 50 14 Haidab 419 93 87 6 15 Haitoule 81 18 - 18 16 Haitoura 419 93 87 6 17 Harf 338 75 42 33 18 Homsiye 441 98 91 7 19 Jabal Toura 68 15 - 15 20 Jezzine 11,196 2,488 1,036 1,452 21 Kafra-Jbaa 4,266 948 - 948 22 Kfar Houne 3,105 690 438 252 23 Machmouche 338 75 64 11 24 Maknouniye 531 118 55 63 25 Mazraat el Mathane 338 75 41 34 26 Mazraat er Rohbane 50 11 - 11 27 Midane 725 161 71 90 28 Mlikh 887 197 184 13 29 Mlikh-Mazraat er Rohbane - - - - 30 Ouadi Jezzine 945 210 110 100 31 Qaitoule 1,598 355 73 282 32 Qatne 243 54 3 51 33 Qoubeaa 149 33 - 33 34 Qtale 270 60 24 36 35 Raimat 243 54 29 25 36 Roum 2,885 641 388 253 37 Roummane Jezzine 59 13 - 13 38 Sabah 464 103 73 30 39 Saidoun 599 133 94 39 40 Sfent - - - - 41 Sniye 446 99 67 32 42 Taaid 149 33 28 5 43 Zhalta 437 97 57 40

Total 41,677 9,259 3,837 5,422

Toghra

Jezzine

_̂

_̂

_̂

_̂

_̂

_̂

_̂

_̂

_̂

_̂1No. of Population Projected 2016 15,632

2No. of SLWE Subscribers 2016 2,029

3Distribution Network Needs Replacement/ Maintenance 43,253 m

4Transmission Lines Needs Replacement/ New 6,000 m

1. Toghra System

1No. of Population Projected 2016 1,877

2No. of SLWE Subscribers 2016 141

3Distribution Network Needs Replacement/ Maintenance

4Transmission Lines Needs Replacement/ New

2. Benouati System

1No. of Population Projected 2016 81

2No. of SLWE Subscribers 2016



3. Bhannine System





4. Aariye system





5. Bkassine System


2No. of SLWE Subscribers 2016 1,036



6. Jezzine System





7. Kfar Houne System





8. Kafra-Jbaa System





9. Haitoule System





10. Barti system





11. Mlikh System

Kfar Jbaa Schematic System

Ain Majdalen

0 1 2 3 40.5Km

Legend

Cadastral Area

Wells Need Maintenances

Wells in Good Conditions

Pump Station in Good ConditionÃ

Pump Station Need MaintenanceÃ

Aariye SystemBarti systemBenouati SystemBhanine SystemBkassine SystemHaitoule SystemJezzine SystemKfar Houne SystemKfar Jbaa SystemMlikh SystemNo SystemToughra System

Systems

Reservoirs in Good ConditionReservoirs Need ReplacementReservoirs Need Maintenance

UT

UT

UT

Springs Need MaintenanceG

Springs in Good ConditionG

New Transmission LineTransmission Line Need Replacement or Maintenance

Transmission Line in Good Condition

Distribution Line in Good Condition

T Reservoir Capacity in (m3)(X)

s Well Flow in (L/S)(Y)

_̂_̂ Managed by SLWE & Municipality Committee

Managed by Municipality Committee

Distribution Line Need Replacement

Direction of Flow For Gravity Transmission LineDirection of Flow For Pumping Transmission Line

kredo sal - united states agency for international development

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