Krolls Stages1st StagePreparation stage (0-6 years) - basic motor skills acquired + some principles of spelling.

2nd Stage Consolidation stage (7-8 years) - writing is similar to spoken language, including colloquial and informal register. String of clauses joined by connectives.

3rd StageDifferentiation stage (9-10 years) Awareness of writing as separate from speech emerges; stronger understanding of writing for different audiences and purposes is evident and becomes more automatic.

4th StageIntegration stage (mid-teens) person voice used in writing, characterised by evidence of controlled writing, with appropriate linguistic choices being made consistently.