Kufa University Veterinary Medicine College

Theriogenology Majid ,A .Talal Fourth stag Fertility Tim 2 hours

F.R.S)) The Female Reproductive System

The goal -the pupils must be know after Lecture.

1-Defined the F.R.S. 2-The function of the F.R.S . 3-The parts of the F.R.S. 4-The function of the any part of F.R.S. 5-Department between the F.R.S. in cow bitch.sow.,ewe ,mare

1

الخالصة:- والوالدة والحم�ل االخص�اب� ع�ن المس�ؤل الجهاز هو� األنثوي التناسلي الجهاز

( نش�اطا أكثر األيم�ن يكون أيس�ر ومبيض� أيمن مبيض� من يتكون اإلناث� في ) البو�يضات إنتاج عن الم�سؤ�لة الخيول في نشاطا أكثر واأليس�ر االبقار في) البروجسترون ) و االستروجين الجنس�ية الهرمونات .و

ونقل الرحم الى� المبيض� من البويضة نقل عن الم�سؤلة البيض� قناة

يحدث حيث� البيض� قناة من الوسطى� المنطقة الى� الرحم قرن من النطف ( والحويصلة الم�بيض� قرب القمع أجزاء ثالثة من وتتكون االخص�اب .والبرزخ(

وإنتاج والوالدة والحمل الجنين تغذية عن الم�سئول الجزء وهو الرحمهرمون الرحم(( PGF2άوإفراز جسم من و�يتكون البروستو�كالندين

, , , ( نعاج أبقار أفراس� ألخر حيوان نوع من يختلف وشكله والع�نق والقرنين . ) خنازير , , قطط� كالب

Anatomy and physiology of femalegenitaliathe female G.S consist of 1- ovaries.2-oviduct.3- uterus.4- vagina.5- vestibule.6- vulva.

Ovaries:the ovaries perform exocrine

oogenesis and endocrine function steroidogenesis in female, the ovaries varies in size &shape according to spp. , estrous cycle,age of female, breed and presence or absence of pathological condition, the structural &functional unit of the ovary is the follicle

Internal structure and functionIn most domestic animals the

ovaries consist of a peripheral parenchymatous zone(cortex) containing various stage of follicular and luteal gland development surrounding a central vascular zone (medulla) comprising collagenous connective tissue rich in blood vessels.

*What's the main function of ovary

Uterine tube(oviduct)

They are tubular ,tortuous structure situated bw ovary and tip of uterine horn (utro-tubal junction ).The oviduct derived from mesonephric duct.The length of oviduct in mare &cow 20-30 cm ,in ewes & doe 15-20 cm ,in sow 15-30cm Why cannot palpated oviduct in rectal palpation ?

 .

The oviduct consist of 3parts joint together , the 1stinfundibulum adjacent the ovary , its free end &it's usually have fimbria to pick up ova ,the 2nd part is the larger part called ampulla , site of fertilization especially in ampulla isthmus junction ,3rd part is shorter& narrow part called isthmus ,the junction bw isthmus and tip of uterine horn called utro-tubal junction or ostium uterine tube

*What's the main function of oviduct

Uterus

Bovine Uterus*Bicornuate uterus with relatively long uterine

horn .*coiled in shape like ram horn.

*the length of uterine horn in cow (20-25cm) *the length of uterine body (4.5-5 cm).

.the endometrium have special structure called caranclesWhat deferent between bov .uter &mare

uter ?

Mare uterus

Like T shapeThere are no carancles in mares.the endometrial surface is composed

of longitudinal folds

Ovine uterusLike in bevies but small in size and

little in number of carancles

Canine uterus

Yin shape , Bipartate, Length of body 10-12 cm ,length of horn 12-15 cm situated in abdominal cavity .

Swine uterusIntestinal in shape ,length of body 5 cm

length of horn 40-100 cm

Cervix In all cases the caudal portion consist

of cervical a thick walled segment with a narrow lumen that act as sphincterregulating the flow of maternal to from the uterus.Situated bw the uterus &posterior part of vagina which called the vaginal part of uterus or portiovaginalis of the cervix.

Bovine cervix

8-10 length ,2-4 cm in diameter , the cervix in bovine consider the guide to the female gentilia by rectal palpation , because presence of cervical rings 3-5 rings , it has cartilaginous in consistency but there is no cartilage, the cervix have longitudinal fold interrupted by circular mucosal folds.

Mare (equine) cervix

5-7.5 cm length , 2.5-5 cm diameter have longitudinal folds .

Ovine cervix

Similar to bovine but small , 4-6 cm in length , 2-3 cm in diameter, 5-7 cervical rings (anullar rings).

Canine cervix

0.5-5 cm in length , 0.5-0.75 cm in diameter has longitudinal folds

Swine cervix

It has spiral lumen to fit the boars penis

The vagina

It make up a major portion of anatomic connection bw the uterus & external environment .

Extend from fornix to the external urethral orifice & hymen

Vestibules

Extend from vulval cleft to the hymen ,that make up the vestibule-vaginal junction &urethral orifice.It resample the terminal part of genital tract and belonging to both the urinary and genital sys

The vestibule have minor &major glands

The vulva is just caudal to the vestibule &consist of two labia and clitoris.

Reference1-Arther, D . E . Nooks , ; Parkinson ,T. J . and

England ,G .C. (2009) . Arthurs Vet . Reprod . And Obstetrics . eight edition . W . B . Saunders . P p , 5-12-21-22 .

2- Ball , P . J . H . and Peters , A . R . (2004) . Reproduction in cattle , 3 rd edition , chapter

3- Robert, H. and Walter ,A . (2004). Large Animal Theriogenology the main book

4- Peters , A . R . and Ball , P . J . H . (1994) . Reproduction in Cattle , 2ndedn . Black well Science , Oxford.

 

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