K thut trng tre mng im Trc 24/4/2009im trc l loi tre ly mng c nhp t Trung Quc, thn cy tng i to, l bn rng v mu xanh p c th khai thc l xut khu. Nng sut mng cao nu thm canh c th t 50-70 tn mng ti/ha, c mng to ng knh gc c th t n 20 - 30 cm v nng 3 - 5 kg mi c, cht lng mng cao, n gin ngt. Cy sinh trng nhanh, ra mng kho chng thnh bi. C th nhn ging bng hom. I/ Gi tr kinh t My nm gn y mt s n v nhp nhiu ging tre chuyn ly mng t i Loan v Trung Quc. y l cc ging c chn lc theo hng chuyn sn xut mng hoc kt hp mng vi ly cc sn phm khc. Mng tre dng lm thc phm, l loi rau sch c s dng nhiu trong nc v xut khu. Thn tre lm nguyn liu giy, sn xut chiu trc v lm hng th cng m ngh. L tre thu hi xut khu. Mng tre im Trc c th dng n ti v ch bin ra nhiu loi sn phm khc nh mng hp, mng chua, mng kh, mng lt, mng si... II/iu kin ni trng 1. Chn vng trng. Nhn chung, tre mng im Trc thch hp vi vng kh hu nng v m, c lng ma ln v c lng nh sng di do, ni c cao di 500 m so vi mt bin. Nhng vng chu nh hng ca gi Lo cn ht sc ch trong vic chn thi v trng, trnh nhng ngy c gi kh nng v cn c bin php ti nc gi m cho cy trng. i vi vng ni cao cn phi tham kho k la chn loi tre mng c kh nng phn b cao ln nh loi Mao Trc. Tre mng im Trc l loi cy a sng hon ton v vy khng c trng di tn cc cy khc, khi trng rng tp trung nu cn trng hn giao vi cy g th nn trng theo phng php hn giao vi bng rng m bo chiu sng cho tre. 2. Chn t trng. Cc loi tre ly mng u thch hp vi cc loi t tng dy, ti xp nhiu mn, t m nhng thot nc. Tt nht l cc loi t ph sa ven sng sui, t trn nng ry cn tnh cht t rng. Khng c trng tre im Trc t b ngp ng di ngy, t qu b cht, t b ong ho tng mng v t ct kh ri rc. Trng hp ni i trc t ngho xu, nhiu si cn p dng cc bin php ci to t nh o h to rng, bn nhiu phn hu c, che t t bng rm r, ti nc, trng xen cy c nh m... III/ K thut chn cy ging v nhn ging 1.Chn cy ging Nu cy ging tre c nhn bng hom gc th chn nhng gc bnh t khong 1 nm tui, khng ly gc qu non nhng cng khng nn ly gc qu gi. Chiu cao ca gc khong 1,2 - 1,5m. Phn c gc cn nguyn vn, khng b dp nt xy xc. Nu cy ging c nhn t hom cnh th cn chn nhng cy c nui trong vn m 4 - 6 thng v phi c b r th cp, to l xanh mt t chi nch ca cnh. Nu mc chi mng u tin th cng tt (thng to bng chic a v cao khong 10 cm) Nu cy ging c nhn bng hom c th chn nhng c gc to (trng lng khong 1 kg , chiu cao t 17 cm), c t nht 2 chi mm khng b dp nt, khng b thi. Chi mm to mp, sng bng, c sc sng. Ch khng nn chn nhng c gi qu kh nng mc mm s km. 2. Nhn ging. im Trc l loi tre thn mc cm nn c th nhn ging bng hom gc hoc hom cnh. Ngoi ra Trung Quc cn nhn ging bng c (thc cht l c mng), hin nay Vit Nam cha th nghim cch nhn ging ny. Vic nhn ging bng hom gc l n gin nht, ch cn chn cy tre bnh t (1 nm tui) vo v xun tch khi bi tre em trng. Khi tch cy ging cn o cn thn gc tre khng b dp xc, cc chi mt cn nguyn vn. Ca v tr khong 1,2 -1,5 m tnh t mt t ln ly on gc, cn on ngn loi b dng vo vic khc. Vic nhn ging bng chit hom cnh phc tp hn i hi phi c kinh nghim. Trn cy m bnh t chn cnh cht bnh t ct ngn li 2-3 on, sau ca v tr st gc cnh cht su khong 2/3 ng knh, dng gi th trn sn (gm rm bm hoc s da + t + cht kch thch ra r) m b vo gc cnh cht, ri qun nilon cht li. Sau 15-30 ngy kim tra thy cnh no ra r th ct xung a vo bu t (gm 90% t tht + 9% phn chung hoai + 1% Supe ln). t bu thnh lung ti m thng xuyn. Nui bu 4 - 6 thng, khi cy l v r th cp th em

trng. IV/ K thut trng. 1. Thi v trng. i vi tre trc ni chung, vic trng ng thi v s quyt nh t l sng do tre trc c hin tng ra mng, trong giai on ra mng cy yu cu rt nhiu nc. Cho nn phi trng tre trc khi cy mc mng. Cc tnh pha Bc thi v trng tre mng vo thng 2 thng 3 dng lch, chn nhng ngy rm mt c ma trng tre. Cc tnh pha Nam tin hnh trng tre vo ma ma. 2. Chun b t trc khi trng. Ni t ngho dinh dng nn trng cy h u trc mt nm ci to t, sau khi thu hoch qu, ht cn vi lp ton b thn cnh l ca cy h u lm tt t. Trng tre mng trn i dc c th dng bin php o rnh ngn theo ng ng mc b tr so le hnh nanh su va chng xi mn va to khong t ti xp rng hn cho tre mng. Trng hp khng c iu kin o rnh th tin hnh o h c kch thc 60cm x 60cm x 60cm. Di y rnh hoc h o nu c iu kin th trc mt nm cc ph thi cy trng nh b ma, l cy, rm r, v lc... ri lp t cho hoai mc lm t ti xp giu mn. Trc khi trng cn bn lt mi h ti thiu 10 - 15 kg phn chung hoai trn ln vi 0,1 kg Supe ln (ch tuyt i khng c bn phn ti v d gy su bnh cho cy v qu trnh phn hu phn ti sinh nhit nh hng n b r lm cht cy trng). 3. Cch trng. Mt trng i vi tre mng khong 400 - 500 cy trn mt hecta l va, b tr theo c ly 5 m x 5 m hoc 5 m x 4 m. Trng hp cc h kh khn v vn th lc u c th trng tha vi mt 200 cy/ha, sau i nm th 3 tr i tch gc trng b sung vo gia khong cch cc bng trng. Khi trng tre dng cuc o trn u hn hp phn lt vi t cho ti nh, t cy ging xung, trng hp cy ging c bu nilon phi rch ti bu b i ri mi t cy xung h. Ring i vi Tre Bt cn ngm c ging vo nc l khong 12 ting cho c ging ht no nc ri mi em trng th t l sng cao. t gc tre nghing khong 45 o (trng hp trng bu th t bu thng ng) ri dng t nh mn lp y h v nn cht. Sau ti nc tht m cho t st xung lm y cc khong trng m bo r cy tip xc tt vi t. Cui cng vun t quanh gc thnh hnh mn xi chng ng nc, tuyt i khng c mt h thp hn bn ngoi to thnh vng ng nc. Dng rm r ph xung quanh gc cy mt lp dy 10-20 cm gi m v chng c di cho cy. V/ Chm sc. Trong nm u khi gia cc hng tre cha giao tn nn trng xen cy h u che ph mt t chng bc hi, gi m t v ci to t. Xi xo lm c xung quanh gc tre ti thiu 3 thng 1 ln kt hp vi t rm r quanh gc. Vic lm ny va to cho t ti xp thun li cho mng mc, va gi m cho t...; c bit vo v h hoc vng c gi kh nng t gc cho cy c coi l bin php rt quan trng. Hng nm cn bn thc cho cy sinh nhiu mng, mi nm bn 2 ln vo v xun trc khi ra mng v v thu sau khi ra mng gip cy phc hi sc nhanh. Dng 10 kg phn chung hoai hoc 0,2 kg phn m + 0,1 kg phn ka li + 0,1 kg Supe ln bn cho mi bi tre. Cch bn: o rnh nh su 5 cm rng 10 cm xung quanh bi tre cch gc khong 1m ri ri phn u lp kn t li. Nu c iu kin cn ti nc cho cy trong nhng ngy kh hn s gip cy sinh trng tt v to iu kin cho mng mc d dng. VI/ Thu hi v ch bin mng. Mng ca cc loi tre chuyn cho mng thng c cht lng cao khi cn nm trong t, khi nh ln cao khi mt t b nh sng chiu vo thng mng b gim phm cht. V vy nu s dng mng ti cn khai thc mng khi cha l khi mt t v cch n gin chng nh sng chiu vo mng l ph lp rm r dy khong 20-30 cm trn mt t quanh bi tre. Quan st mt t quanh bi tre nu thy ch dn nt chn chim th phi dng thung bi t ra th c mng s dng dao ct. V tr ct ch tht ca c mng cch gc tre m khong 3-4 cm, ch ct thng theo chiu vung gc vi b mt mng. Sau khi ct mng xong lp ngay t li. Trong trng hp khai thc mng ch bin mng kh theo cch ca Trung Quc th i mng mc cao khi mt t khong 0,8 - 1 m mi thu hi. Thi gian thu hi mng thch hp nht l vo bui sng sm khi cha c nh sng mt tri chiu hoc vo nhng ngy ma. Mng mang v ct khoanh di khong 3 - 6 cm (dng mng tay bm nu ch no gi th vt b). Cho cc khoanh mng vo ni luc trong 2 gi, vt ra cho ro nc, ri cho vo ti nilon kn trong 15 ngy cho ln men. Ti mng k ra nong nia phi nng cho n kh. Ch bin mng ct khoanh v luc chn Cc loi tre chuyn ly mng thng c thi v ra mng vo ma ma ko di t thng 4 n thng 9 (c loi n tn thng 11), r nht l cc thng 6, 7, 8. V vy trong v mng cn khai thc mng ng thi gian, v mng sinh trng rt nhanh, thng th trong v r cch 1-2 ngy mt ln, cn u v cui v 5-6 ngy mt ln.

Chn khong 2-4 c mng to mp, khng b su bnh mc ln vo khong thng 8, 9 li nui dng lm cy thay th cy m sau ny. VII/ iu tit cy m. Tu theo mc ch kinh doanh m s lng cy m trong mt bi tre cn phi iu tit cho ph hp. Trng hp mc tiu l kinh doanh mng th hng nm phi loi b cy m gi tui 3 tr ln ch li khong 6-8 cy bnh t tui 2 trong mt bi tre. Cch loi b cy m gi l phi o t tr ht c gc ca cy m ri cht b tn c gc cy m , xong lp t ln cht nh c. Trng hp mc tiu trng rng ly thn cy tre lm nguyn liu th s lng cy li nui trong mi bi s phi ln hn. u t trng tre mng: Gi cy ging trong thi im hin ti khong 13.000 - 15.000 /gc, vi mt trng 500 cy/ha th tin ging khong 7.500.000 /ha. Phn chung 2 tn/ha gi khong 1.000.000 . Phn NPK 250 kg/ha cho nm u gi khong 500.000 /ha Nh vy tin ging, vt t cho nm u mt khong 9.000.000 /ha. Cn cng lao ng tnh theo thi gi ca a phng. Theo l thuyt t nm th 3 tr i s c thu hoch mng, nhng qua thc t trng nhiu a phng nc ta ngay nm th 2 c th thu hoch mng.