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Industry clusters in today’s economy

This article was published in the March 2006 South Dakota Labor Bulletin. Have you ever wondered why you find so many head offices of banks in Toronto, Ontario? Or so many computer technology companies in California's Silicon Valley, industrial conglomerates in Tokyo, or media and advertising giants in New York? This is because a new and emerging concept has been developing throughout all types of economies at the state, region, national and global levels. The concept is industry clusters, and they are the backbone of the economies of many large cities. They occur because competing businesses all find similar advantages to locating in one place. Clusters emerge because businesses and their suppliers like to be close together. A skilled labor force evolves to supply different players in the industry cluster. Specialized parts manufacturers, transportation, raw commodities, research and development, equipment suppliers, and finance all become available to serve the cluster. The companies in a cluster both compete with each other and collaborate toward common goals. This constructive-competitive environment encourages innovation and the formation of new businesses in the cluster. Industry clustering is an economic development concept championed by Dr. Michael Porter, a worldwide respected expert in global economic strategies from the Harvard Business School. Dr. Porter was among the first to recognize the power of industry clusters to boost regional economies. Dr. Porter popularized the concept of industry clusters in Competitive Advantages of Nations (1990). Dr. Porter developed what he called the “Diamond of Advantages” in which he identified four key determinants of industry competitiveness: factor conditions, home demand conditions, related and supporting industries, and industry strategy, structure and competitiveness. Dr. Porter claimed that the competitiveness of a region is based on the competitiveness of the industries, which is enhanced if an industry is embedded in a deep network. Many have used this “diamond” as a framework for assessing the competitiveness of regional industries and identifying local industry clusters. Dr. Porter has conducted a national study developing industry clusters for all 50 states. An industry cluster is defined as a concentration of companies and industries in a geographic region that are interconnected by the markets they serve and the products they produce. They are also interconnected with their suppliers, trade associations and educational institutions. Industry clusters are groups of interrelated businesses that gain some competitive benefits from the regional mix of resources. With this industry cluster idea, communities can identify types of industries that might be a valid match for their area, thus representing targets for economic development strategy. Clusters have been forming for years, both in the United States and abroad. The Silicon Valley in California mentioned earlier is an example of a highly developed cluster based economy for its microelectronics, biotechnology and venture capitol markets. South Dakota, like any economy, is unique and has industry clusters which have been identified and may have important implications for the present and future of the state economy. The table below shows the growth of selected industry clusters in South Dakota in recent years.

South Dakota Wage and Salaried Workers 2001-2004 in Selected Industry Clusters

Industry Cluster 2001 2002 2003 2004 Financial Services 13,118 12,662 12,218 12,426Food Processing 7,578 7,105 6,983 7,112

of 3March e-Labor Bulletin article on Industry clusters in today's economy

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Included in the health care industry cluster are businesses which provide health care services directly or indirectly to patients and do not usually provide inpatient services. Health practitioners in this cluster provide outpatient services, with the facilities and equipment not usually being the most significant part of the health service. Hospitals provide medical, diagnostic and treatment services including physician, nursing and other health services to inpatients and the specialized accommodation services required by inpatients. Hospitals may also provide outpatient services as a secondary activity. Hospitals provide inpatient health services, many of which can only be provided using the specialized facilities and equipment that form a significant and integral part of the service. Nursing and residential care facilities provide residential care combined with either nursing, supervisory or other types of care as required by the residents. In this industry cluster, the facilities are a significant part of the service and the care provided is a mix of health and social services with the health services being largely some level of nursing services. The health care industry cluster continues to show worker growth yearly. Some of this worker growth is attributed to advances in new medical technologies. Health care facilities now can provide more services than in the past. Much of the increase in services has centered around regional medical centers, mainly the Sioux Falls metropolitan area. Around 2010 or 2012, the baby boom generation will be retiring, when this group will be more vulnerable to age-related diseases. The growing number of elderly will also increase demand for health services. The hospitality industry cluster comprises establishments providing customers with lodging and/or preparing meals, and snacks and beverages for immediate consumption. The industry cluster includes both accommodation and food services establishments because the two activities are often combined at the same establishment. This industry cluster includes establishments which are part of tourism business. This industry cluster tends to be seasonal; however, workers are needed to provide the services which are in demand. Larger cities in the state, such as Rapid City and Sioux Falls, are hosting more sporting events, entertainment events and conventions than in the past. This requires additional workers for this industry cluster. Establishments included in the metal machining industry cluster are small arms manufacturers, ammunition manufacturers and machine shops. Many types of products such as cartridges, bullets, steel, pellet and bb shot, gun barrels and guns are the end products for these businesses. Machine shops primarily engaged in machining metal parts on a job or order basis are included in this industry cluster. Generally, machine shop jobs are low volume using machine tools such as lathes (including computer numerically controlled), automatic screw machines, and machines for boring, grinding and milling. In the future, a greater volume of business is anticipated, thus impacting growth of workers for the cluster. Almost all small arms manufacturers are located in the Black Hills area, with machine shops positioned throughout the state. The metal products manufacturing industry cluster includes fabricated metal, primary metal, machinery and transportation equipment manufacturers. Establishments are engaged in many processes and techniques to manufacture products. They smelt and/or refine ferrous and nonferrous metals from ore, pig or scrap, using electrometallurgical and other process metallurgical techniques. These establishments transform metal into intermediate or end products. Other important fabricated metal processes used to shape individual pieces of metal are forging, stamping, bending, forming and machining. Other processes, such as welding and assembling, are used to join separate parts together. Establishments in this cluster may use one of these processes or a combination of these processes. This industry cluster has slowed in recent years in terms of worker growth but rebounded in 2004. Firms in this cluster have no primary locations; rather, they exist all across the state.

Gaming and Recreation 4,667 4,563 4,662 4,753Health Care 39,910 41,097 42,474 43,275Hospitality Services 32,621 33,500 33,728 34,568Metal Products Manufacturing 10,920 10,447 10,189 10,937Metal Machining 856 813 871 987Renewable Fuels 410 516 726 871Nanotechnology/ Biotechnology 89 93 103 146



The nucleus of the renewable fuels industry cluster includes ethanol plants and ethanol production facilities. Corn is the major input for ethanol production, so establishments engaged in corn farming or grain combination farming could be included in this cluster. Establishments primarily engaged in feeding cattle for fattening are also integrated in this cluster since by-products of ethanol plants are fed to livestock. Soybeans will be used to produce biodiesel fuel, another form of renewable fuel. While ethanol is a biodegradable fuel additive produced from corn, E-85 is an alternative fuel produced by blending 85 percent ethanol and 15 percent gasoline. Automobiles called flexible fuel vehicles are designed to run on E-85. South Dakota’s ethanol leadership is clear. The state has been a pioneer in the ethanol industry, and continues to lead as 10 ethanol plants have been built and are currently operating. Current ethanol production utilizes over 100 million bushels of corn a year, about one in every four rows of corn. South Dakota is number one in the United States in percentage of corn used and number four in the United States in total ethanol production. The capacity to produce ethanol for all South Dakota plants is approaching 400 million gallons of gasoline. The renewable fuels industry cluster worker numbers are growing. More value-added opportunities in the future are apparent as consumers and producers become educated on the wide variety of ethanol uses. An industry cluster in the infant stages of development includes firms in the nanotechnology and biotechnology activities. This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in conducting research and experimental development in the physical, engineering or life sciences, such as agriculture, electronics, environmental, biology, botany, biotechnology, computers, chemistry, food, fisheries, forests, geology, health, mathematics, medicine, oceanography, pharmacy, physics, veterinary and other related sciences. Nanotechnology and nanoscience involve studying and working with matter on an ultra-small scale. It is a branch of science and engineering devoted to the design and production of extremely small electronic devices and circuits built from individual atoms and molecules. As this industry cluster develops, advanced manufacturing will implement processes to create and use these microscopic structures and devices. Industry clusters are being used to assist in identifying local and regional economic activities. Traditionally, economic development strategies focused resources on individual firms. Now, strategies will deal with a system of industries, emphasizing the importance of relationships among different industries in different sectors for promoting economic growth.

? If you have questions or need more information, contact Ron Meier of the Labor Market Information Center at (605) 626-2314 or e-mail him at [email protected].





Overview of the Current Labor Market

Overview of the South Dakota labor market in February 2006 Labor Supply The number of South Dakotans who would be available to staff a new or expanding business, or South Dakota's labor supply, was estimated at 75,780 in February, up slightly from the previous month. Included in this labor supply are those who currently hold jobs (and would like to change) and those who, for a variety of reasons, do not have jobs. The labor supply numbers are estimated using the "labor shed" approach and include both residents and commuters. Click here for related data. Labor Force South Dakota's labor force was 432,457 in February, up considerably from January. There were 14,961 unemployed in February, up slightly from the previous month. Click here for related data. Nonfarm wage & salaried workers by industry This data is not seasonally adjusted. Based on a monthly survey of South Dakota establishments, the number of nonfarm wage and salaried workers increased by 1,700 employees (or 0.4 percent) from January to February 2006. Click here for related data. This year’s January to February percentage gain is within historical limits, but a percentage gain of this magnitude has only happened 10 times since 1939. There was no one industry that caused the exceptional gain; but rather many industries showed either slightly less than expected seasonal losses or just slightly better than expected seasonal gains. This is good news as it shows South Dakota’s overall economy is progressing well. Retail trade, financial activities and government showed the largest numerical (not percentage) changes. Compared to a year ago The total number of South Dakota nonfarm wage and salaried workers increased by 9,400 workers (or 2.5 percent) from February 2005 to February 2006. The increase was the result of noticeable gains in construction, manufacturing, wholesale trade, information, financial activities, leisure and hospitality, educational and health, and government. Construction grew by 800 workers (or 4.7 percent) over the year and continues a worker growth trend over twice as long as the World War II post-war construction worker boom. One of the reasons has been population. Even though statewide population growth has not increased dramatically, population shifts within the state have probably had a large impact on sustained construction activity. The population shifts from rural areas to urban areas for job opportunities, convenience or access to health care caused a residential housing, infrastructure and industrial construction boom in several large urban areas. Manufacturing grew by 2,500 workers (or 6.4 percent) from February 2005 to February 2006 and produced an employment level of 41,400 workers. Surprisingly, and to many smaller communities’ benefit, over 80 percent (or 2,100 workers) of South Dakota manufacturing’s over-the-year gain took place outside of the Sioux Falls and Rapid City Metropolitan Statistical Areas. South Dakota’s statewide manufacturing recovery started in January 2004 and still persists, with continued growth anticipated, per a recent federal survey of regional manufacturers. South Dakota manufacturing has been doing well when compared to total U.S. manufacturing, since U.S. manufacturing has not shown sustained over-the year growth since September1998. South Dakota wholesale trade worker levels increased by 400 workers (or 2.3 percent). Employment increases in the wholesale trade of durable goods and the increases in agents and

Page 1 of 3Overview of the Current Labor Market

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brokers who sell those wholesale goods created most of the gains. Employment in the information super sector increased by 400 workers (or 6.1 percent), mostly the result of a single company’s expansion. As a whole, information worker levels are the same as they were in 2001 and have not seen the noticeable growth they were accustomed to in the 1990s. Worker levels in the financial activities industry grew by 1,100 workers (or 3.9 percent) over the year as the industry continues a noticeable growth trend. In the 1990s, financial activities was one of South Dakota’s fastest growing industries. The growth was a result of banking reform laws that eased competition restrictions while allowing institutions to expand their financial services. During the 1990s and into 2001, the industry enjoyed over a 60 percent increase in workers. As with most rapidly expanding industries, major mergers and reorganizations started taking place, which basically stagnated worker growth from 2002 to 2004. Education and health services increased by 1,400 workers (or 2.4 percent). Three hundred of the worker gain came from private education, as educational institutions have readily adapted to the current educational needs of individuals and have produced the skilled workers businesses need. (Note: public education is coded under government.) The health care and social services industry increased by 1,100 workers and is continuing a lengthy growth trend. South Dakota health care worker numbers have increased every year since the specific data was first recorded in 1972 and at comparable percentages. The worker growth has been for several reasons. One is that South Dakota population continues to grow, and health care providers have to hire additional workers to accommodate the growing population. Second is there have always been, and always will be, new medical discoveries enhancing or extending human life; these new medical fields have to be staffed by additional hiring. The third reason additional hiring takes place each year is people are living longer. The elderly (who are usually covered by Medicare) are using health care providers more than any other group; and the longer the elderly live, the longer they will need medical services. This trend will likely continue and may even increase as those who were born during the increased birth rate years (from 1946 to 1964) will become eligible for Medicare starting in five years. Leisure and hospitality grew by 1,100 workers (or 3.0 percent) and continues a growth trend now over four years long. Even during the 2001 recession, leisure and hospitality did not lose employment but remained unchanged. It is possible leisure and hospitality’s continued growth is the result of increased spending by visiting tourists and from reliance on fast food. Government increased by 1,100 workers (or 0.7 percent) as state and local government employment increases made up all of the gains. The State of South Dakota’s employment increase was mainly from worker gains in state education. Local government’s increase was made up entirely from non-educational workers. Hours and Earnings of Manufacturing Production Workers South Dakota had 31,200 production workers in the manufacturing industry in February 2006. The number of hours these workers worked in February were up from January at an average of 42 hours. Over the year, the average weekly hours are down from 42.8. Average weekly earnings for manufacturing production workers in January were $578.34 up slightly over the year. Click here for related data. Nonfarm Wage and Salaried Workers in the Metropolitan Statistical Areas Rapid City MSA The total number of nonfarm wage and salaried workers in the Rapid City MSA increased by 300 workers (or 0.5 percent) from January 2006 to February 2006. Click here for related data. The worker gain is within historical patterns and was made from small gains. No industry lost employment. The total number of nonfarm wage and salaried workers in the RCMSA increased by 1,100 workers (or 1.9 percent) from February 2005 to February 2006. Worker numbers in the natural resources, mining and construction industry showed a 200 worker (or 4.5 percent) over-the-year increase as population shifts to the Black Hills area from other counties keeps spurring infrastructure and housing building. Education and health care gained 200 workers (or 2.3 percent) for the same reason as statewide, while leisure and hospitality produced the highest worker gain of 400 workers (or 5.9 percent) from February 2005 to February 2006.



Sioux Falls MSA The total number of nonfarm wage and salaried workers in the Sioux Falls MSA showed a increase of 400 workers (or 0.3 percent) from January 2006 to February 2006, as all industries produced small worker gains or losses. Click here for related data. February 2005 to February 2006 comparisons show the total number of nonfarm workers in the SFMSA grew by 3,800 (or 3.1 percent). Much of the change in the over-the-year worker levels is the result of population shifts. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, from April 2000 to July 2004, the SFMSA had an estimated population increase of 16,200 people. This is 200 more people than the statewide net gain for the same time period.

? If you have questions or need more information, contact Tom Leonhardt of the Labor Market Information Center at (605) 626-2314 or by e-mail at [email protected]. .



South Dakota Nonfarm Worker Levels

Labor Market Information Center


Industries February2006

January2006

February2005

% Chg Last Month

% Chg Last Year

TOTAL 385,700 384,000 376,300 0.4 2.5Nat. Resources/Mining 800 700 700 14.3 14.3Construction 18,000 18,200 17,200 -1.1 4.7Manufacturing 41,400 41,200 38,900 0.5 6.4 Durable Goods 28,400 28,200 26,400 0.7 7.6 Nondurable Goods 13,000 13,000 12,500 0.0 4.0Wholesale Trade 17,500 17,700 17,100 -1.1 2.3Retail Trade 47,800 48,200 47,700 -0.8 0.2 Mtr Veh/Prts Dealers 6,400 6,300 6,300 1.6 1.6 Food/Beverage Stores 8,300 8,300 8,400 0.0 -1.2 Gen Merchds Stores 9,200 9,600 9,300 -4.2 -1.1Trans/Warehsing/Util 11,900 11,800 11,600 0.8 2.6 Utilities 2,100 2,100 2,100 0.0 0.0 Trans/Warehousing 9,800 9,700 9,500 1.0 3.2Information 7,000 7,000 6,600 0.0 6.1Financial Activities 29,100 28,600 28,000 1.7 3.9 Finance/Insurance 25,200 24,700 24,300 2.0 3.7 RE/Rental/Leasing 3,900 3,900 3,700 0.0 5.4Prof/Bus Services 23,700 23,500 23,400 0.9 1.3Education/Health Svc 58,700 58,400 57,300 0.5 2.4 Educational Services 6,500 6,200 6,200 4.8 4.8 Hlth Care/Soc Assist 52,200 52,200 51,100 0.0 2.2 Ambul Hlth Care Serv 13,000 13,000 12,600 0.0 3.2 Hospitals 18,200 18,200 18,000 0.0 1.1 Nurs/Res Care Facil 13,100 13,000 12,900 0.8 1.6Leisure/Hospitality 38,100 38,100 37,000 0.0 3.0 Arts/Ent/Recreation 5,600 5,600 5,300 0.0 5.7 Accom/Food Service 32,500 32,500 31,700 0.0 2.5 Accommodation 6,600 6,600 6,300 0.0 4.8 Food Serv/Drnkng Plac 25,900 25,900 25,400 0.0 2.0Other Services 15,200 15,100 15,400 0.7 -1.3Government 76,500 75,500 75,400 1.3 1.5 Federal 10,900 10,900 11,100 0.0 -1.8 State 18,100 17,600 17,800 2.8 1.7 State Education 9,200 8,700 9,000 5.7 2.2

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Local 47,500 47,000 46,500 1.1 2.2 Local Education 25,400 25,200 25,700 0.8 -1.22006 data is preliminary and subject to revision. Data may not sum to totals because of rounding.

Click here to access historical South Dakota Nonfarm Wage & Salaried Workers information. Produced in cooperation with the US Bureau of Labor Statistics.

? If you have questions or need more information, contact Tom Leonhardt of the Labor Market Information Center at (605) 626-2314 or e-mail Tom at [email protected]


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Rapid City Metropolitan Statistical Area Nonfarm Worker Levels




January2006

February2005

% Chg Last Month

% Chg Last Year

TOTAL 57,900 57,600 56,800 0.5 1.9Nat. Res/ Mining/Const 4,600 4,500 4,400 2.2 4.5Manufacturing 3,800 3,800 3,700 0.0 2.7Wholesale Trade 2,200 2,200 2,100 0.0 4.8Retail Trade 8,200 8,200 8,300 0.0 -1.2Trans/Warehsing/Util 1,900 1,900 1,800 0.0 5.6Information 1,100 1,100 1,100 0.0 0.0Financial Activities 3,400 3,300 3,300 3.0 3.0Prof Bus Services 4,000 4,000 4,000 0.0 0.0Education/Health Svc 9,000 9,000 8,800 0.0 2.3Leisure/Hospitality 7,200 7,100 6,800 1.4 5.9Other Services 2,500 2,500 2,500 0.0 0.0Government 10,000 10,000 10,000 0.0 0.02006 data is preliminary and subject to revision. Data may not sum to totals because of rounding.The Rapid City MSA includes the following counties: Pennington and Meade.

Click here for a definiton of Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA) Click here to access historical South Dakota Nonfarm Wage & Salaried Workers information. Produced in cooperation with the US Bureau of Labor Statistics.




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Sioux Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area Nonfarm Worker Levels




January2006

February2005

% Chg Last Month

% Chg Last Year

TOTAL 125,500 125,100 121,700 0.3 3.1Nat. Res/ Mining/Const 6,500 6,700 6,000 -3.0 8.3Manufacturing 12,600 12,800 12,300 -1.6 2.4Wholesale Trade 6,400 6,400 6,200 0.0 3.2Retail Trade 16,000 15,900 15,900 0.6 0.6Trans/Warehsing/Util 4,800 4,800 4,600 0.0 4.3Information 3,000 3,000 2,700 0.0 11.1Financial Activities 15,800 15,700 15,300 0.6 3.3Prof Bus Services 9,100 8,800 8,800 3.4 3.4Education/Health Svc 22,800 22,600 22,300 0.9 2.2Leisure/Hospitality 11,900 11,800 11,400 0.8 4.4Other Services 4,500 4,600 4,500 -2.2 0.0Government 12,100 12,000 11,700 0.8 3.42006 data is preliminary and subject to revision. Data may not sum to totals because of rounding.The Sioux Falls MSA includes the following counties: Lincoln, McCook, Minnehaha and Turner.

Click here for a definiton of Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA) Click here to access historical South Dakota Nonfarm Wage & Salaried Workers information. Produced in cooperation with the US Bureau of Labor Statistics.




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South Dakota Labor Supply



February 2006

South Dakota 75,780 Hanson County 185Rapid City MSA 11,415 Harding County 100Sioux Falls MSA 21,250 Hughes County 1,650Aurora County 170 Hutchinson County 500Beadle County 1,365 Hyde County 120Bennett County 540 Jackson County 335Bon Homme County 530 Jerauld County 185Brookings County 2,890 Jones County 85Brown County 3,470 Kingsbury County 390Brule County 410 Lake County 945Buffalo County 410 Lawrence County 2,265Butte County 645 Lyman County 555Campbell County 100 McPherson County 170Charles Mix County 855 Marshall County 325Clark County 250 Mellette County 225Clay County 1,500 Miner County 165Codington County 2,455 Moody County 480Corson County 420 Perkins County 235Custer County 560 Potter County 175Davison County 1,940 Roberts County 1,140Day County 495 Sanborn County 220Deuel County 335 Shannon County 2,240Dewey County 1,130 Spink County 530Douglas County 215 Stanley County 240Edmunds County 270 Sully County 95Fall River County 640 Todd County 1,390Faulk County 140 Tripp County 455Grant County 620 Union County 1,210Gregory County 305 Walworth County 455Haakon County 130 Yankton County 2,305Hamlin County 400 Ziebach County 325Hand County 230 Click here for a definition of Labor Supply

Click here for a definiton of Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA)



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? If you have questions or need more information, contact Bernie Moran of the Labor Market Information Center at (605) 626-2314 or e-mail Bernie at [email protected]


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United States & South Dakota Seasonally Adjusted Labor Force



February 2006

February 2005

Areas Labor Force Employed Unemployed Rate Labor Force Employed Unemployed RateUnited States 150,449,000 143,257,000 7,193,000 4.8% 148,271,000 140,285,000 7,986,000 5.4%South Dakota 432,500 417,500 15,000 3.5% 430,300 414,400 15,900 3.7%Estimates for the latest year are subject to revision early the following calendar year.

Click here to access historical South Dakota Labor Force information. Produced in cooperation with the US Bureau of Labor Statistics.

? If you have questions or need more information, contact Jennifer Wegleitner of the Labor Market Information Center at (605) 626-2314 or e-mail Jennifer at [email protected]



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South Dakota Areas & Counties Not Seasonally Adjusted Labor Force



February 2006

February 2005

Areas Labor Force Employment Unemployment Rate Labor

Force Employment Unemployment Rate

Rapid City MSA 63,270 60,825 2,445 3.9 64,300 61,700 2,600 4.0Sioux Falls MSA 119,525 115,415 4,110 3.4 119,820 115,325 4,495 3.7Aberdeen MiSA 22,875 22,060 815 3.6 22,460 21,580 880 3.9Brookings MiSA 18,415 17,880 535 2.9 18,575 18,015 560 3.0Huron MiSA 8,615 8,255 360 4.2 8,960 8,510 450 5.0Mitchell MiSA 13,105 12,595 510 3.9 12,585 12,090 495 3.9Pierre MiSA 11,930 11,550 380 3.2 11,530 11,110 420 3.6Spearfish MiSA 12,680 12,245 435 3.4 12,290 11,830 460 3.8Vermillion MiSA 7,435 7,175 260 3.5 7,390 7,145 245 3.3Watertown MiSA 18,760 17,975 785 4.2 18,480 17,655 825 4.5Yankton MiSA 12,050 11,595 455 3.8 11,680 11,210 470 4.0Dewey-Ziebach LMA

3,350 3,055 295 8.7 3,575 3,335 240 6.7

Estimates for the latest year are subject to revision early the following calendar year.Changes to the definitions of some sub-state areas, such as MSAs, have been made recently.

Click here for a definiton of Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA) Click here to access historical South Dakota Labor Force information. Produced in cooperation with the US Bureau of Labor Statistics.




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South Dakota & Counties Not Seasonally Adjusted Labor Force



February 2006

February 2005

Areas Labor Force Employment Unemployment Rate Labor

Force Employment Unemployment Rate

SOUTH DAKOTA 424,555 407,590 16,965 4.0 422,350 404,335 18,015 4.3Aurora County 1,340 1,285 55 4.2 1,335 1,265 70 5.3Beadle County 8,615 8,255 360 4.2 8,960 8,510 450 5.0Bennett County 1,450 1,375 75 5.3 1,420 1,345 75 5.4Bon Homme County 3,325 3,190 135 4.1 3,160 3,020 140 4.4Brookings County 18,415 17,880 535 2.9 18,575 18,015 560 3.0Brown County 20,795 20,060 735 3.5 20,370 19,560 810 4.0Brule County 2,840 2,735 105 3.7 2,785 2,675 110 4.0Buffalo County 565 495 70 12.1 600 510 90 14.8Butte County 5,140 4,955 185 3.6 5,015 4,805 210 4.1Campbell County 915 880 35 4.0 850 810 40 4.8Charles Mix County 3,985 3,820 165 4.1 3,990 3,815 175 4.4Clark County 1,835 1,730 105 5.8 1,850 1,735 115 6.3Clay County 7,435 7,175 260 3.5 7,390 7,145 245 3.3Codington County 15,885 15,230 655 4.1 15,620 14,945 675 4.3Corson County 1,420 1,330 90 6.3 1,430 1,325 105 7.4Custer County 4,110 3,920 190 4.6 4,090 3,870 220 5.4Davison County 11,100 10,655 445 4.0 10,740 10,320 420 3.9Day County 2,980 2,750 230 7.7 3,005 2,750 255 8.4Deuel County 2,670 2,515 155 5.9 2,555 2,400 155 6.1Dewey County 2,500 2,260 240 9.6 2,680 2,490 190 7.1Douglas County 1,710 1,655 55 3.3 1,705 1,640 65 3.8Edmunds County 2,080 2,000 80 3.9 2,090 2,020 70 3.4Fall River County 3,740 3,575 165 4.4 3,660 3,485 175 4.8Faulk County 1,175 1,125 50 4.2 1,080 1,030 50 4.6Grant County 4,030 3,800 230 5.7 4,125 3,865 260 6.3Gregory County 2,395 2,275 120 5.0 2,390 2,270 120 5.0Haakon County 1,165 1,120 45 3.7 1,180 1,140 40 3.5Hamlin County 2,875 2,745 130 4.5 2,860 2,710 150 5.2Hand County 1,895 1,830 65 3.5 1,830 1,760 70 3.8Hanson County 2,005 1,940 65 3.1 1,845 1,770 75 4.0Harding County 850 820 30 3.3 750 720 30 3.9



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Hughes County 10,025 9,700 325 3.2 9,705 9,350 355 3.7Hutchinson County 3,765 3,590 175 4.6 3,705 3,530 175 4.7Hyde County 750 710 40 5.2 830 790 40 4.6Jackson County 1,170 1,075 95 8.1 1,090 995 95 8.6Jerauld County 1,255 1,210 45 3.6 1,345 1,290 55 4.0Jones County 650 630 20 3.4 645 615 30 4.3Kingsbury County 3,025 2,890 135 4.5 2,980 2,850 130 4.4Lake County 6,710 6,465 245 3.7 6,645 6,385 260 3.9Lawrence County 12,680 12,245 435 3.4 12,290 11,830 460 3.8Lincoln County 18,375 17,880 495 2.7 17,585 17,070 515 2.9Lyman County 1,890 1,770 120 6.4 1,920 1,800 120 6.2McCook County 2,980 2,875 105 3.5 3,040 2,935 105 3.4McPherson County 1,230 1,165 65 5.2 1,175 1,125 50 4.4Marshall County 2,090 1,960 130 6.3 2,065 1,935 130 6.2Meade County 12,535 12,035 500 4.0 12,770 12,230 540 4.2Mellette County 885 835 50 5.6 890 835 55 6.3Miner County 1,205 1,145 60 5.0 1,200 1,125 75 6.4Minnehaha County 93,520 90,195 3,325 3.6 94,420 90,770 3,650 3.9Moody County 3,830 3,645 185 4.9 3,695 3,500 195 5.2Pennington County 50,735 48,790 1,945 3.8 51,530 49,470 2,060 4.0Perkins County 1,690 1,610 80 4.7 1,730 1,645 85 4.9Potter County 1,325 1,275 50 3.7 1,325 1,260 65 5.0Roberts County 4,765 4,475 290 6.1 4,700 4,400 300 6.3Sanborn County 1,675 1,615 60 3.7 1,520 1,455 65 4.3Shannon County 4,015 3,685 330 8.2 3,785 3,460 325 8.6Spink County 3,480 3,320 160 4.6 3,375 3,210 165 4.9Stanley County 1,910 1,850 60 3.0 1,825 1,760 65 3.5Sully County 920 885 35 3.8 940 900 40 4.4Todd County 3,460 3,245 215 6.2 3,400 3,205 195 5.7Tripp County 3,120 2,985 135 4.4 3,015 2,880 135 4.4Turner County 4,650 4,465 185 4.0 4,770 4,550 220 4.6Union County 7,490 7,160 330 4.4 7,270 6,925 345 4.7Walworth County 2,620 2,455 165 6.4 2,655 2,480 175 6.5Yankton County 12,050 11,595 455 3.8 11,680 11,210 470 4.0Ziebach County 855 800 55 6.3 895 845 50 5.7Estimates for the latest year are subject to revision early the following calendar year.

Click here to access historical South Dakota Labor Force information. Produced in cooperation with the US Bureau of Labor Statistics.



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South Dakota Nonfarm Hours & Earnings

February p

2006 January

2006 February

2005 Number of manufacturing production workers 31,200 31,000 30,100

Average weekly hours 42 41.5 42.8

Average weekly earnings $578.34 $566.48 $572.24

Average hourly earnings $13.77 $13.65 $13.37

p Preliminary data subject to revision.Please be cautioned that these data are based on a limited sample and are therefore subject to sampling error.

Produced in cooperation with the US Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Click here for definitions

? If you have questions or need more information, contact Jennifer Wegleitner of the Labor Market Information Center at (605) 626-2314 or e-mail her at [email protected].

Page 1 of 1E South Dakota Labor Bulletin Nonfarm hours & earnings in SD

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South Dakota Annualized Pay of Covered Workers



October 2004 to September 2005*

Statewide $29,035 Hutchinson County $22,321Rapid City MSA $28,618 Hyde County $25,670Sioux Falls MSA $33,073 Jackson County $21,231Aurora County $20,560 Jerauld County $23,267Beadle County $27,165 Jones County $20,286Bennett County $23,156 Kingsbury County $24,013Bon Homme County $23,294 Lake County $25,865Brookings County $28,167 Lawrence County $24,551Brown County $28,118 Lincoln County $30,158Brule County $21,170 Lyman County $20,464Buffalo County $28,750 McCook County $21,816Butte County $22,170 McPherson County $17,804Campbell County $18,880 Marshall County $24,580Charles Mix County $21,566 Meade County $27,047Clark County $20,750 Mellette County $20,250Clay County $24,908 Miner County $21,555Codington County $26,829 Minnehaha County $33,633Corson County $22,940 Moody County $27,405Custer County $23,898 Pennington County $28,831Davison County $26,406 Perkins County $20,707Day County $21,347 Potter County $21,427Deuel County $25,634 Roberts County $22,082Dewey County $26,941 Sanborn County $20,522Douglas County $20,947 Shannon County $28,062Edmunds County $22,648 Spink County $23,504Fall River County $24,966 Stanley County $24,114Faulk County $20,179 Sully County $21,742Grant County $28,504 Todd County $25,844Gregory County $20,202 Tripp County $22,679Haakon County $22,418 Turner County $22,996Hamlin County $23,889 Union County $41,251Hand County $21,980 Walworth County $21,066Hanson County $22,784 Yankton County $27,851Harding County $24,046 Ziebach County $25,191



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Hughes County $29,499 *This data is updated quarterly.

Click here to access historical South Dakota Covered Workers information. Click here for a definiton of Covered Workers

Click here for a definiton of Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA)

? If you have questions or need more information, contact Ron Meier of the Labor Market Information Center at (605) 626-2314 or e-mail Ron at [email protected]


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Activities of the South Dakota Department of Labor Career Centers & Unemployment Insurance

February 2006

January 2006

February 2005

% Change Last

Month

% Change

Last Year

Career Centers Activities Job Seekers 55,284 51,821 57,489 6.7 -3.8

Entered Employments 22,367 20,164 21,999 10.9 1.7

Job Openings Received 57,795 51,698 49,148 11.8 17.6

Unemployment Insurance Activities Initial Claims 1,423 2,288 1,391 -37.8 2.3

Weeks Claimed 14,786 19,001 17,820 -22.2 -17.0

Amount of Benefit Payments $2,733,842 $3,201,733 $3,429,029 -14.6 -20.3

Unemployment Trust Fund Balance $17,164,725 $18,763,158 $21,405,289 -8.5 -19.8

Click here for definitions.

? If you have questions or need more information, contact Bernie Moran of the Labor Market Information Center at (605) 626-2314 or e-mail her at [email protected].

Page 1 of 1E-South Dakota Labor Bulletin DO Labor Activities - Career Center & UI

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Unemployment Insurance Weeks Claimed SD Residents by County

February 2006

Aurora County 41

Fall River County 151

Marshall County 150

Beadle County 285 Faulk County 22 Meade County 440

Bennett County 34 Grant County 170 Mellette County 45

Bon Homme County 80 Gregory County 100 Miner County 50

Brookings County 305 Haakon County 23 Minnehaha County 3,146

Brown County 597 Hamlin County 118 Moody County 161

Brule County 59 Hand County 24 Pennington County 1,914

Buffalo County 55 Hanson County 51 Perkins County 67

Butte County 159 Harding County 4 Potter County 49

Campbell County 25 Hughes County 242 Roberts County 274

Charles Mix County 87 Hutchinson County 141 Sanborn County 52

Clark County 100 Hyde County 20 Shannon County 266

Clay County 144 Jackson County 51 Spink County 112

Codington County 714 Jerauld County 33 Stanley County 36

Corson County 49 Jones County 18 Sully County 24

Custer County 179 Kingsbury County 109 Todd County 215

Davison County 452 Lake County 214 Tripp County 113

Day County 293 Lawrence County 370 Turner County 155

Deuel County 124 Lincoln County 374 Union County 192

Dewey County 221 Lyman County 133 Walworth County 185

Douglas County 21 McCook County 72 Yankton County 391

Edmunds County 59 McPherson County 65 Ziebach County 57

Click here for definitions.

? If you have questions or need more information, contact Bernie Moran of the Labor Market Information Center at (605) 626-2314 or e-mail her at [email protected].

Page 1 of 1E South Dakota Labor Bulletin DOL Unemployment Insurance Weeks Claimed

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National Economic Indicators



February2006

January2006

February2005

% Chg Last Month

% Chg Last Year

Consumer Price Index 198.7 198.3 191.8 0.2% 3.6%Nonfarm Payroll Employment 133.3 132.4 131.2 0.7% 1.6%Privately Owned Housing Starts 2,120 2,303 2,228 -7.9% -4.8%Bank Prime Loan Rate 7.50 7.26 5.49 3.3% 36.6%Click here for definitons.

? If you have questions or need more information, contact Mandy Worth of the Labor Market Information Center at (605) 626-2314 or e-mail Mandy at [email protected]



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labor market information center sd department...

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