WELCOME

TOPIC :

LABOU

RSUBMITTED TO:Mr. MAHIN SHARIFASST. PROFESSORDEPT.OF AGRI.ECONOMICSCOLLEGE OF SERICULTURE,CHINTAMANI

SUBMITTED BY:MANOHARA K SI BSC (SERI)ID NO SLC3025COLLEGE OF SERICULTURE,CHINTAMANI

Labour is a primary factor of production.The size of a nation's labour force is determined by the size of its adult population, and the extent to which the adults are either working or are prepared to offer their labour for wages. Labour is nothing but the all human exertion in the production of wealth and services.

INTRODUCTION

Definition of LabourAccording to Alferd Marshall, Labour is

“Any exertion of the body or mind undertakes Wholly or partly with some object other than the pleasure derived from the labour self.

According to A.H.Smith “Labour includes all the efforts made by man to earn a living .“

CHARACTERISTICS OF LABOURS

1. Labour is In-separable Form of Laborer

2. Labour is Indispensable for Production

3. Labour is perishable

4. Labour is an Active Factor of Production

5. Labour sells his Service not Himself

6. Labour is Both Means and Ends of Production

7. Labour is mobile

8. Labours Differ in Efficiency

CLASSIFICATION OF FARM LABOUR

The paid labour is also classified as skilled and unskille labour. Farmer’s own labour, family labour and permanent/attached labourare fixed resources. While, casual labour is variable resource.

Features of Indian Agricultural Labour

1. Mostly under-employed2. Disguised unemployment3. Growing average size of labour family4. Low productivity5. Lack of organisation6. Low bargaining power and low standard of living7. Seasonal nature of employment

EFFICIENCY OF LABOUR

According to Dr. Saxsena ‘By efficiency of labour mean the amount of work which a labourer can do within a given time’. As per Mehta ‘By efficiency of labour is the ability of labour by virtue of which it is productive’.

Labour equivalents

•2 men labour= 3 women labours•1 men labour= 2 children•8 hours= 1 man day

Improving Efficiency of Farm Labour

1. Education and Training2. Wage Level3. Incentive for better work4. Working condition5. Business organisation6. Allowance for bad weather

7. Social and Political Security8. Trade Union9. Ability of organizer10. Planning the requirement11. Psychological treatment12. Reducing seasonality

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