lake mariana waterquality improvement project, polkcounty ......lake mariana is a 204 hectare lake...

ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICESDEPARTM~NT

Natural Resources and POLK COUNTYDrainage Division Board afCou.nty Commissioners

4177 Ben Durrance RoadBartow, FL 33830

(941) 534-7377FAX (941) 534-7368

Lake Mariana Water Quality Improvement Project,Polk County, FL

June 2000

Submitted to:

Prepared by:

The Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Programand

The Southwest Florida·Regional Planning Council

Polk County Natural Resources DivisionPolk County, Florida

Printed on recycled paper

Equal Opportunicl' Emplol'cr

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INTRODUCTION

The Lake Mariana Water Quality Improvement Study was a cooperative Early ActionDemonstration Project between the Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program and Polk CountyNatural Resources. Additional funding for specialized chemistry analyses was made possible bythe Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) and the Florida Department ofEnvironmental Protection (FDEP).

Lake Mariana is a 204 hectare lake in north central Polk County, Florida. The lake is in theWinter Haven Ridge physiographic region and within the Peace River drainage basin. It is part ofthe headwaters for the Winter Haven Chain ofLakes and ultimately, flows into the Peace Riverand travels south and west to Charlotte Harbor and the Gulf ofMexico. The watershed for LakeMariana is approximately 763 hectares and includes both the eastern portion of the City ofAuburndale and unincorporated Polk County north of US 92. Throughout the watershed the landuse has been extensively altered from it's native state and now includes the followingdesignations: single family residential, light-industrial and commercial, and including a commercialnursery. The south and western portion of the immediate watershed is not serviced by a centralsewer system and therefore the homes treat waste with on-site sewage treatment disposal systems(OSTDS). No point source discharges currently enter the lake, although there are severalwastewater treatment plants (packaged plants) within the area and seasonal overflow from one ofthe plant's settling pond has occurred in the recent past.

Water quality data has been collected since 1985 by the Polk County Natural Resources Divisionand which classifies the lake as mesotrophic and nutrient balanced. The lake's trophic state (TSI)has remained in the mid to upper fifties for the last fifteen years. The current TSI places it in thegood category (Friedman and Hand 1989), but with a small increase in the TSI the classificationwould change to fair (Fair 60-69). A Diagnostic Feasibility Study ofthe lake was prepared bySWFWMD that indicated water quality and habitat diversity was on the decline (SWFWMD1996). Over the last several years the lake has changed from a predominately aquatic macrophytehabitat to a phytoplankton lake with occasional algal blooms. The major influence for this changehas been anthropogenic. In the early 1990's, the removal ofaquatic macrophytes began, first toremove nuisance plants, i.e., hydrilla, and later a considerable amount of the desirable vegetationwas eradicated with the introduction ofgrass carp. The southern portion of the lake, which ispredominately residential, is practically denuded of macrophytes and as a result, shoreline erosionis substantial. Removal of the aquatic macrophytes has encouraged the introduction and increasedpopulations of algae.

The water quality study was designed to 1) identifY the source(s) ofnutrient loadings to the lakeand 2) to quantifY the loadings for nutrients from each source(s), ifpossible. Potential sourcesinvestigated were: stormwater runoff, atmospheric deposition, and OSTDS.

Central Florida has received below normal rainfall for the last sixteen consecutive months andwhich has negatively affected this investigation. The raw data are therefore based on abnormallylow seasonal rainfall, but loadings were projected and interpolated for the"typical"annual rainfall

3

solids, ammonium-nitrogen, TKN-nitrogen, NOx-nitrogen, ortho-phosphorus, total phosphorus,enterococcI oactena and specItIc conductIvity. For mass ioadings calculations, results reported asbelow the detection limit were transposed to one-half of the analytes' detection limit.

Polk County Laboratory chemistry methodology for sample analyses:

Parameter

Nitrogen, KjedaWNitrogen,NOz + N03

Phosphorus, OrthoPhosphorus, TotalEnterococciTotal Suspended Solids

Method

EPA 351.2SM4500N03 FSM4500 P-FSM 4500 P-FSM9230 CSM2540D

Atmospheric Deposition

An Aerochemlm wet/dry atmospheric deposition sampler was located on county right of way nextto Lake Cannon, approximately 3 kilometers (km) south of the Lake Mariana watershed. LakeCannon was selected because it is located in the central region of the Winter Haven Chain ofLakes and deposition samples would provide a good representation of the nutrient loadings forthe local watershed. A American Sigma rain gage with sampler instrument processor head wasused to continuously monitor rainfall totals and duration. A solar panel provided the power for thedeposition sampler. Although the Aerochemlm collected both wet(rain) and dry deposition only thewet samples were sent to our laboratory for analyses. Dry deposition is still somewhatcontroversial for interpreting and typically not included in the final analysis (Dr. Garth Redfield,SFWMD, personal communication). Collections were made montWy and samples were analyzedfor total nitrogen and total phosphorus. Nutrient species could not identified and only grossloadings were calculated. Minimum levels of loadings were calculated and evaluated using thewet samples. Projected loadings for the mean annual rainfall were then interpolated from theempirical data.

The Aerochem was purchased with the SWFWMD SWIM funds and will remain at the presentsite collecting atmospheric deposition data indefinitely. Nutrient samples are continuing to becollected by our laboratory for future reporting.

Septic Tanl( Impacts

In the study area, the surficial groundwater is confined by a hard clay layer averaging 2.5- 3.0meters from the surface. Land use is predominately single family residence with modest homeson small lots. Many septic systems and drain fields were constructed within five to ten meters ofthe lake and/or drainage ditches that flow to the lake.

5

Lake arianaSu icial roundwater

Station Locations

a

7

e

,l!!

Cla.na

N

AC)Surficial Groundwater

Stations

This calculates to 2.1 kg ha-1 yr-1 and 0.22 kg ha-1 yr-1 of total N and Total P respectively.

A breakdown of the percent nitrogen species present in the loadings shows inorganic N as N02 +N03

, comprising 66 % of the total N. And organic or bound P as the dominant species, at 85 %.

Results for Station 23, which is the drainage from the light industriaVcommercial area was foundto have annual loadings of

Nutrient Loadings Dry Season Wet Season Total Yr-1

Total Nitrogen 2 kg 5.2 kg 7.2 kgTotal Phosphorus 0.74 kg 1.1 kg 1.84 kgOrtho/Reactive Phosphorus 0.47 kg 0.5 kg 0.97 kg

This calculates to 0.04 kg ha-1 yr-1 and 0.01 kg ha-1 yr-1 of total N and total P, respectively.

Nitrogen species was about evenly divided between organic and inorganic N. Total P loading wasdominated by organic or bound P at 64 %.

The various nutrients and their associated species, plus total suspended solids, were statisticallyevaluated with regression and correlation tables with no significant relationship between anycombination of variables at P > 0.050. Results should be viewed cautiously, as the past sixteenmonths of rainfall in the region has been at a record low and calculations were derived based on atypical year of normal rain events.

9

Total Nitrogen Loadings ISeasonalStormwater

350

300

250mE

200«SLm0)0 150........

n.'...~

100

50Site 21

0Dry Wet

Figure 2

Site 22

Dry Wet

Sites

11

Site 23

Dry Wet

Total Phosphorus Loading/SeasonalStormwater

35.-----------------------,Site 22

Site 23

Dry WetDry Wet

Site 21

Dry Wet

5

o -+---""'--"""'1"""----,---

25

30

10

oE ·20

~C)o 15............~

Figure 4

1'-'. .)

Figure 5

Nutrient Wet Depostion LoadingExtrapolated for normal annual rainfall

15

Phosphorus LoadingStormwater vs Wet Deposition

0+------

100 -r-----------------------,

80'fF'

Ba.."

>en 60

E«Ua.."C) 400-am.....

~20

Wet Deposition Stormwater Runoff

Figure 1

17

to return to normal and recharging of the wells is possible. Results will be available when this isCOmple[ea.

CONCLUSIONS

Atmospheric deposition wet loading calculations for nitrogen indicated direct atmosphericdeposition from rainfall accounted for approximately seven times the mass loading for all theother investigated sources combined. Although not as proportionally significant, wet depositionof phosphorus was 38 % greater than stormwater.

Nutrient loading to the lake from stormwater runoff was the most significant from the major ditchsystem that drains the City of Auburndale and the southwestern residential area ofLake Mariana.The other two land use areas studied have contributed nutrients to the lake but are very minorcompared to the urban/residential area.

OSTns runoffvia surficial water seepage was identified and may contribute both nutrients andpathogens to the immediate surface waters but further investigation is needed to order to quantifythe significance. Inorganic nitrogen and organic phosphorus are the major species of nutrientsthat are being transported to the lake. Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) blooms have beenreported to be increasing over the last several years especially during the wet season. Algalblooms could be related to the availability of the nutrients following storm events.

19

APPENDIX

Summary of Positive Results Stormwater Monitoring atLake Mariana - Station #021 Drv Season Events

marcty2101

, Sample NO.1 IAdiusted •• , Sample NO.2 I Adjusted I Sample No. 31 Adiusted IBaseflow I Seasonal

I n?fn?'gQ 1 P ....<:<:.!H·c! -,~'?q!QQ 0Sfn71QO----- --------------.----- ------ -_.--- ----- ------- ---.-----------, ------r----r---------jSa!Tm!p fl~t9·

Amecedent Drv Period: (hours)'Total Rainfall: (inches)Total Rainfall Duration: (hrs.)Maximum Intensitv: (incheslhr)AveraQe Intensitv: (inches/hr)

Volume Discharqed in a 3 HourSamolinq Period: (liters)

I Results ISample l' Results I Sample 2 I Results I Samele 3 I I Event Mean

Total Volume Discharged:Storm Volume Sampled:Baseflow Volume:

B. Composites: (mgll)

523374118511152

1172355076216

17221125234698

N/AN/ANIA

Total Susoended Solids:Total Kieldahl NitroQen (as N):Total Nitrate-Nitrite (as N):Phosphorus, altho:Phosphorus, Total:

Table II Inorganics: (Ugll)Arsenic:Cadmium:Chromium:Copper:Lead:Nickel:Selenium:Zinc:

SOL (or <) =Below Detectable LimitsNT = Not TestedNIA = Not Applicable

53.6 68.1 12.8 27.2 133.3 183.0 NT 97.051.748 2.017 1.306 1.928 3.343 4.314 0.7574 3.3433.700 4.165 1.531 1.023 1.504 1.325 1.981 2.7980.108 0.095 NT NT 0.310 0.367 0.156 0.2640.401 0.468 0.239 0.336 1.213 1.610 0.153 0.824

• Event mean concentration (EMC) is the average of adjusted pollutant concentrations for each of the qualifying storm events.•• The sample results are adjusted to account for base flow concentrations according to the following formula:Adjusted pollutant concentration = (Analytical Result) (Total Volume) - (Baseflow Concentration) (Baseflow Volume)

(Storm Volume Sampled)

Summary of Positive Results Stonnwater Monitoring atLake Mariana - Station #021 Wet Season Events

marwet2101

SeasonalEvent Mean

~ ~. .-.- '.' -, '-- --_.- . -Gui I~emraiion- ..''-'. ,,--,,-',-, , ·,·.::.;'"' ....ll~~ ;";11; i/~'~ ulivvj~.;,j

Antecedent Dry Period: (hours)Total Rainfall: (inches)Total Rainfall Duration: (hrs.)Maximum Intensitv: (incheslhr)AveraJ:1e Intensity: (incheslhr)

Volume Discharged in a 3 HourSamolina Period: (liters)

Total Volume Discharaed: 9430 34823 25918 NfAStonn Volume Sampled: 1994 24033 7893 NfABaseflow Volume: 7436 10790 18025 NfA

,

B. Composites: (mall)Total Suspended Solids: 4.0 18.9 4.8 6.95 5.2 17.1 NT 31.4Total Kieldahl Nitroaen (as Nt 1.409 3.83 1.126 1.29 0.784 0.844 0.7574 2.110Total Nitrate-Nitrite (as N): 2.111 2.59 1.691 1.56 4.501 10.25 1.981 3.167Phosphorus Orlho: 0.194 0.335 0.247 0.287 0.18 0.23 0.156 0.347Phosphorus Total: 0.214 0.441 0.310 0.380 0.217 0.363 0.153 0.616

Table IIlnoraanics: (uaR)Arsenic:Cadmium:Chromium:Copper:Lead:Nickel:Selenium:Zinc:

BDL (or <) =Below Detectable LimitsNT = Not TestedNfA = Not Applicable

* Event mean concentration (EMC) is the average of adjusted pollutant concentrations for each of the qualifying storm events.*" The sample results are adjusted to account for base flow concentrations according to the following fonnula:Adjusted pollutant concentration = (Analytical Result) (Total Volume) - (Baseflow Concentration) (Baseflow Volume)

(Stonn Volume Sampled)

Summary of Positive Results Stormwater Monitoring atLake Mariana - Station #022 Wet Season Events

marwet2.201

I Sample No. 1 I Adjusted ,,* I Sample NO.2 I Adjusted I Sample No.3 I Adiusted I Baseflow I SeasonalI Results I Sample 1 I Results I Sample 2 I Results I Samol", 3 I ! Fv.on+ l\/L':'l""l.T"!

...>a,. jl.Jie uale: 00/ IdS::; Results Ul'j 1/99 07/30199 Concentration .,'Antecedent Dry Period: (hours)Total Rainfall: (inches)Total Rainfall Duration: (hrs.)Maximum Intensitv: lincheslhr)Averaqe Intensity: (incheslhr)

Volume Discharaed in a 3 HourSamplinQ Period: (liters)

Total Volume Oischaraed: 257303 6092395 5568902 N/AStorm Volume Sampled: 142694 896515 279632 N/ABaseflow Volume: 114609 5195880 5289270 N/A

:

B. Composites: (mall)Total Suspended Solids: NT 19.9 38 114.5 3.2 -405 24.8 57.5Total Kieldahl NitroQen (as N): 1.427 1.72 1.149 1.664 0.690 -6.300 1.06 1.83Total Nitrate-Nitrite (as N): 0.332 -1.203 0.255 -11.270 0.297 -36.5 2.244 6.84Phosphorus, Ortho: NT 0.048 0.081 0.196 0.072 0.280 0.061 0.155Phosphorus, Total: 0.351 0.339 0.584 1.853 0.122 -4.47 0.365 0.905

Table II InorQanics: (uall)Arsenic:Cadmium:Chromium:Copper:Lead:Nickel:Selenium:Zinc:

_.

BOL (or <) = Below Detectable LimitsNT = Not TestedN/A =Not Applicable

"Event mean concentration (EMC) is the average of adjusted pollutant concentrations for each of the qualifying storm events.,'''' The sample results are adjusted to account for base flow concentrations according to the following formula:Adjusted pollutant concentration = (Analytical Result) (Total Volume) - (Baseflow Concentration) (Baseflow Volume)


Summary of Positive Results Stonnwater Monitoring atLake Mariana - Station #022 Drv Season Events

man:lry2201

I Sample No.1 IAdiusted ~ I Sample NO.2 I Adiusted Sample No.3 Adiusted I Baseflow I SeasonalI Results ISample 1 I Results I Sample 2 Results Sample 3 I I Event Mean

Sample Date: .__._______LQ2I.9.J!§~ __L_.f~Elsults L 04/29/99 .. 1 05/07/99 I I I Conr:0!1fr.:::!tir)'f"l *

" _.... ~ .... -...~ ... ,-"', • <,:.; .......... '" ........1, ....

Total Rainfall: (inches)Total Rainfall Duration: (hrs.\Maximum Intensitv: Oncheslhr\Averaqe lntensitv: Oncheslhr\

Volume Discharqed in a 3 HourSamplinq Period: (liters)

Total Volume Discharqed: 9019055 632590 2348244 NJAStorm Volume Sampled: 1921157 571623 2243956 NJABaseflow Volume: 7097898 60967 104288 NJA

B. Composites: (mq!llTotal Susoended Solids: 28.4 41.7 149 162 152.7 138.6 24.8Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (as N): 0.886 0243 3.14 3.367 3.203 3.303 1.06Total Nitrate-Nitrite (as N): 0.259 -7.075 0.525 0.342 0.554 0.475 2.244Phosphorus, Ortho: 0.115 0.315 NT 0.007 0.107 0.109 0.061Phosphorus, Total: 0.376 0.417 1.342 1.45 1.555 0.61 0.365

Table IIlnorqanics: (uq/l)Arsenic:Cadmium:Chromium:Copper:Lead:Nickel:Selenium:Zinc:

BDL (or <) = Below Detectable LimitsNT = Not TestedN/A = Not Applicable

• Event mean concentration (EMC) is the average of adjusted pollutant concentrations for each of the qualifying stonn events.•• The sample results are adjusted to account for base flow concentrationS according to the following formula:Adjusted pollutant concentration = (Analytical Result) (Total Volume) - (Baseflow Concentration) (Baseflow Volume)


S'Jmmary of Positive Results Stormwater Monitoring atlake Mariana - Station #023 Wet Season Events

marwet2301

Seasonal

,------~--~_._ .._------_.. _-- .... _..__.... ...~._..__.--- ." ..- ... _--- .--- ----

val JIjjiC LJdLC. UOJUOJ""i:i KeSUIlS UOld.oJd9 08/09/99 Concentration ..Antecedent Drv Period: (hours)Total Rainfall: (inches)Total Rainfall Duration: (hrs.lMaximum Intensity: (incheslhr)Averaae Intensity: (incheslhr)

Volume Discharged in a 3 HourSamplina Period: (liters)

Total Volume Discharaed: 59291 131292 89800 N/AStorm Volume Sampled: 59291 131292 89800 N/ABaseflow Volume: 0 0 0 N/A

,

B. Composites: (mgll)Total Suspended Solids: 15.3 15.3 352 352 26.0 26.0 NT 25.88Total Kjeldahl Nitroaen (as N): 1.506 1.506 0.438 0.438 0.544 0.544 NT 0.640Total Nitrate-Nitrite (as N): 0.632 0.632 0.357 0.357 0.230 0230 NT 0.187Phosphorus, Ortho: 0.096 0.096 0.068 0.068 0.092 0.092 NT 0,079Phosphorus, Total: 0275 0.275 0.153 0.153 0.184 0.184 NT 0.181

Table II Inorganics: (ugfl)Arsenic:Cadmium:Chromium:Copper:Lead:Nickel:Selenium:Zinc:


* Event mean concentration (EMC) is the average of adjusted pollutant concentrations for each of the quaflfying storm events.** The sample results are adjusted to account for base flow concentrations according to the following formula:Adjusted pollutant concentration = (Analytical Result) (Total Volume) - (Baseflow Concentration) (Baseflow Volumel


Summary of Positive Results Stormwater Monitoring atLake Mariana - Station #023 Drv Season Events

mard-y2301

I Sample No.1 I Adjusted'" ISamole NO.2 I Adiusted I Sample NO.3 I Adjusted I Baseflow I SeasonalI Results I Sample 1 I Results I Samole2 I Results I Sample 3 I I Event Mean

~?"""'''''''C1 n'::ltp· ! n1 nAloa I O,-. ..... ~ .. l·l',;'" I o ").n')!(\'"" r, _-~ !~~ '0 ...... r.,.

Ar1tecedenti5n;.Penod:.(ti"Oi.irsj..----r·· .. ·---~·-··~·· .......•._-------_._..- - "_ . ....~ ... -'."." .

Total Rainfall: (inches)Total Rainfall Duration: (hrs.)Maximum Intensitv: (incheslhr)AveraQe Intensitv: (incheslhr)

Volume Discharaed in a 3 HourSamolina Period: Wters)

Total Volume Discharaed: 99774 87914 86365 N/AStorm Volume Samoled: 99774 87914 86365 N/ABaseflow Volume: 0 0 0 N/A

,

B. Comoosites: (mQII)Total SusDended Solids: 7.6 7.6 30.4 30.4 33.2 33.2 NT 28.32Total Kieldahl Nitroaen (as N): 0.608 0.608 0.599 0.599 0.917 0.917 NT 0.683Total Nitrate-Nitrite (as N): 0.126 0.126 0.205 0.2 0.411 0.411 NT 0.173Phosphorus Orlho: 0.348 0.348 0.236 0.236 0.247 0.247 NT 0.200Phosphorus Total: 0.381 0.381 0.327 0.327 0.337 0.337 NT 0.315

Table If lnomanics: (ua!l)Arsenic:Cadmium:Chromium:Copper:Lead:Nickel:Selenium:Zinc: -


* Event mean concentration (EMC) is the average of adjusted pollutant concentrations for each of the qualifying storm events.*" The sample results are adjusted to account for base flow concentrations according to the following formula:Adjusted pollutant concentration = (Analytical Result) (Total Volume) - (Baseflow Concentration) (Baseflow Volume)


Atmospheric Deposition Data

REPORT OF ANALYSIS

POLK COUNTY NATURAL RESOURCES & DRAINAGE LABORATORY

\ __··.i ..... } -1-"; ,oJ I '",'

SITE INWOOD AEROCHEM DATE COLLECTED 02/18/99 RECEIVED 02/18/99

LAB # 11772 TIME SAMPLED 1500 GRP COMPLETED 02/25/99

SAMPLED BY MM LOC DESC AVE 0 BET. 31ST NW & 28TH NW, WH, FL

LAT 280220.9 LON 814543.06 STATION DEPTH SAMPLE DEPTH

ST/CO FIPS12105 STATION TYPE /AMBNT USGS HUC3100101

SAMPLE TYPECOMP S C: AD P C: 4 AGENCY CODE21FLPOLK*******************************~**~******************************************

PARAMETER STORET RESULTS UNITS DET. LMT.

NITROGEN, AMMONIA 00610 MG/L 0.025

NITROGEN, KJELDAHL 00625 0.258 MG/L 0.250

NITROGEN, NITRATE+NITRITE 00630 0.365 MG/L 0.010

NITROGEN, TOTAL 00600 0.62 MG/L

PHOSPHORUS, TOTAL 00665 0.056 MG/L 0.025

******************************************************************************

COMMENTS:

******************************************************************************

STATE OF FLORIDA LAB I.D. #44286(DW) #E-44082 (EVS)

METHODS - "STANDARD METHODS" LATEST EDITION, EPA APPROVED METHODS

APPROVED ::]J~LIV),.._l'v~fLv~

REPORT OF ANALYSIS

4189 Ben Durrance Road, Bartow, FL 33830 (941) 534-7370


LAB # 11992 TIME SAMPLED 0900 GRP COMPLETED 04/28/99

SAMPLED BY MM LOC DESC AVE 0 BET. 31ST NW & 28TH NW, WH, FL


STlco FIPS12105 STATION TYPE IAMBNT USGS HUC 3100101

SAMPLE TYPECOMP S C: AD P C: 4 AGENCY CODE21FLPOLK*******************************~~~~********~~~~******************************





NITROGEN, TOTAL 00600 1. 05 MG/L

PHOS PHORUS , TOTAL 00665 0.024 MG/L 0.05

******************************************************************************

COMMENTS:

******************************************************************************


METHODS - "STANDARD METH~DS" LATEST EDITION,

'\::x, A~~ _APPROVED BY_--,4--_)_I.AN _

EPA APPROVED METHODS

REPORT OF ANALYSIS



LAB# 12193 TIME SAMPLED 1300 GRP COMPLETED 07/02/1999

SAMPLED BY MM LOC DESC AVE 0 BET. 31ST NW & 28TH NW WH FL

LAT280220.9 LON814543.06 STATION DEPTH SAMPLE DEPTH

ST/CO FIPS12105 STATION TYPE /AMBNT USGS HUC03100101

SAMPLE TYPECOMP S C: AD P C: 4 AGENCY CODE21FLPOLK

*******************************~***********~*********************************


NITROGEN, AMMONIA 00610 0.135 MG/L 0.01





******************************************************************************

COMMENTS:

******************************************************************************


METHOD~ANDARD METIlODS" LATEST EDITION, EPA APPROVED

APPROVED BY £}'1't~~METHODS

REPORT OF ANALYSIS



LAB * 12418 TIME SAMPLED 1300 GRP COMPLETED 08/31/1999

SAMPLED BY MM LaC DESC AVE 0 BET. 31ST NW & 28TH NW WH FL


ST/CO FIPS12105 STATION TYPE /AMENT USGS HUC3100101

SAMPLE TYPECOMP S C: AD P C: 4 AGENCY CODE21FLPOLK*******************************~*************~*******************************







******************************************************************************

COMMENTS:

******************************************************************************

STATE OF FLORIDA LAB I.D. *44286(DW) #E-44082 (EVS),.

EPA AP ROVED METHODS

IPCNRDCertificate of Results

Polk Count\, Natural Resources and Orainao.e tabtm3.torv

4189 Ben Durrance Rd, Bartow, FL 33830 (941) 534-7370

Site: Inwood Aerochem Collected: 101261S9 Received: 101261S9

Loc Desc: Ave 0 Bet. 31 st Nw & 28th Nw Wh FI

SC: AD PC: 4

Time: 14:30Lab#: 12631

LAT/ LON: 280220.9 / 814543.1

Sampled By:

HUC: 3100101

Completed: 11/171S9

Agency: 21 FLPOLK Station Depth:

Sample Depth:

SampleType: Comp

Method

Nutrients

Parameter Results DO Codes Date/Time MOL/Units

EPA 351.2

SM4500N03 F

SM4500 P-F

Comments:

Nitrogen, l<jeldahl (TKN) 0.196 0.150 mgJI

Nitrogen, N02+N03 0.223 0.010mgll

Total Nitrogen 0.42 0.150mgll

Phosphorus, Total 0.019 O.05mgll

APProwd:lAiDd~Laboratory Manager r

Laboratory is certified for all parameters, except those indicated by an ", using latest Standard Methods or EPA approved methods.

State of Florida Laboratory Certificate Numbers Drinking Water ISDW99080 Environmental IENV99199

PCNRDCertificate of Results

Polk County Natural Resources Laboratory

4189 Ben Durrance Rd, Bartow. FL 33830 (941) 534-7370

Loc Desc: Ave 0 Bet. 31st Nw & 28th Nw Wh FI

Agency: 21 FLPOLK

Site: Inwood Aerochem

Lab#: 12849

LATI LON: 280220.9

Project 10: AD

Time: 10:15

I 814543.1

PC: 4

Collected: 12120/99

Sampled By: MM

HUC: 3100101

Received: 12/20/99

Completed: 1/10100

station Depth:

Sample Depth:

SampleType: Comp

Method

Nutrients

Parameter Results DO Codes Date/Time MOLl Units

EPA 351.2

SM 45OON03 F

SM 4500 P-F

Comments:

Nitrogen, Kjeldahl (TKN) 0.137 O.l50mgll

Nitrogen, N02+N03 0.075 0.010mgll

Total Nitrogen 0.21 0.150mgll

Phosphorus, Total 0.001 O.05Omgll

nl

Laboratory is certified for all parameters, except those indicated by an *, using latest Standard Methods or EPA approved methods.

State of Florida Laboratory Certificate Numbers Drinking Water: 99080 Environmental: ENV99199

Sample Location: LAKE MARIANNA-POLK COUNTY

Field 10: EQ BLANK

Collection Date/Time: 3/7/2000 11 :20 AM

Matrix: W-EQPMT-BK

Lab 10: 439192 Storet Code Com ponent

Test: Analysis of caffeine in water matrices by HPLC/MS (~A 8321A mod.)

caffeine


Field ID: ESW CANAL

Collection Date/Time: 3/7/200010:55 AM

Matrix: W-SURF-FRH

Lab 10: 439191 Storet Code Component

Test: Analysis of caffeine in water matrices by HPLC/MS (EPA 8321A mod.)

caffeine


Field ID: MSGW-1

Collection DatelTime: 3/7/200011:40 AM

Matrix: W-GROUND

Lab io: 439194 Storet Code Component


caffeine


Field 10: MSGW-2


Matrix: W-GROUND

Lab 10: 439193 Storet Code Component


caffeine


Field ID: MSGW-5 DUP


Matrix: W-GROUND

Lab 10: 439196 Storet Code Com ponent


caffeine

Result

0.050

Result

0.050

Result

0.050

Result

0.14

Result

0.050

Code

u

Code

u

Code

u

Code

Code

u

AMBI ENT-200o-03-08-03

Serial Number: 0004685

Chemical Analy sis Report

Page 2 of 3

Units

uglL

Units

ug/L

Units

ug/L

Units

uglL

Units

uglL

AMBI ENT-200o-03-08-03

Serial Number: 0004685

Quality Control Report

Page 1 of 1

Quality Control Report

TLH-2000-Q3-QS-38

Test Analyte

W-CAFFBNE

caffeine

LFB %Recove ry

102 95.3

MS %Recovery Precision %RPD Precision %RSD

6.79

(LFB - Laboratory Fortified Blank; MS - Matrix Spike; RPD - Relative Percent Difference; RSD - Relative Standard Deviation)

PCNRD

Site: IVlSGW4

Certificate of ResultsPolk County Natural Resources Laboratory


Collected: 2i3/OO Received: 2i3/00

Loc Desc: well along ditch 50 M south of Mariana Rd at Canova Drive

Lab#: 12966 Time: 11:10

LAT/LON: 280407.6 / 814619.1

Project ID: CH PC: 2

Sampled By: JK

HUC:

Completed: 214/00


Sample Depth:

SampleType: GRAB

Method Parameter

Nutrients

SM4500NH3H Nitrogen, Ammonia

EPA 351.2 Nitrogen, Kjeldahl (TKN)

SM4500 N03F Nitrogen, N02+N03

SM4500 P-F Phosphorus, Total

Microbiology

Merck Chromocult Enterococci, (Pres/Abs)·

SM9230C Enterococci, (MF) •

EPA 1600 Enterococci, (MF) •

Comments: ditch / well 4

Results

Pres

117

DQ Codes Date/Time MDLorMRL / Units

O.02O/mg/l

0.150/ mg/l

0.010/mgll

O.025/mgll

Pres/Abs

1/CFU

1/CFU

Approved by:_1n~~M~~~.L..J·~~~~=====--- _

Laboratory Manager

Laboratory is certified for all parameters, except those indicated by an ., using latest standard Methods or EPA approved methods.

State of Florida Laboratory CertifICate Numbers Drinking Water: 99080 Environmental: ENV99199

PCNRD;:)ite: iVISGW2


4189 Ben Durrance Rd, Bartow, FL 3383D (941) 534-7370

Collected: 219iOO Received: 219iOO

Loc Desc: NE Comer of Dairy Rd and Mariana Rd

Lab #: 12979 Time: 11 :20

LAT/LON: 280409.3 / 814633.7

Project 10: CH PC: 7

Sampled By: JK

HUC:

Completed: 312100


Sample Depth:

SampleType: GRAB

0.320 O.02O/mgll

1.224 0.150 / mgll

0.011 O.olO/mgll

0.256 0.025/mgll

Method Parameter

Nutrients

SM4500 NH3 H Nitrogen, Ammonia


SM4500N03F Nitrogen, N02+N03

SM 4500 P-F Phosphorus, Total

Microbiology

Merck Chromocult Enterococci, (Pres/Abs) •



Comments: Mariana2 - Mariana Surficial Groundwater

Results

abs

<20

<20

DO Codes Date/Time MDLorMRL / Units

Pres/Abs

l/CFU

l/CFU

App=edby~a~la oratory Manager

Laboratory is certified for all parameters, except those indicated by an ., using latest Standard Methods or EPA approved methods.


PCNRDSite: IVISGVV4

Certificate of ResultsPolk County Natural Resources laboratory


Collected: 219/00 Received: 219/00

Loc Desc: well along ditch 50 M south of Mariana Rd at Canova Drive

PC: 7

Lab#: 12981 Time: 13:05

LAT/LON: 280407.6 / 814619.1

Project 10: CH

Sampled By: JK

HUC:

Completed: 312100


Sample Depth:

SampleType: GRAB

Method

Nutrients

Parameter Results DQ Codes Date/Time MDLorMRL / Units

SM4500NH3H

EPA 351.2

SM4500N03F

SM4500 P-F

Microbiology

Nitrogen, Ammonia

Nitrogen, Kjeldahl (TKN)

Nitrogen, N02+N03

Phosphorus, Total

0.074 O.02O/mgfl

1.153 0.150 / mgfl

0.008 0.010/mgfl

0.367 0.025/mgfl


SM 9230 C Enterococci, (MF) •


Comments: Mariana4 - Mariana SurfICial Groundwater

abs

<20

<20

Pres/Abs

1/CFU

1/CFU

Laboratory is certified for all parameters, except those indicated by an " using latest Standard Methods or EPA approved methods.

State of Florida Laboratory Certificate Numbers Drinldng Water: 99080 Environmental: ENV99199

Lab #: 12989 Time: 10:00 Sampled By: J I<

LATILON: 280410.0 I 814611.7 HUC: Agency: 21FLPOLI<

Loc Desc: In easement at outfall to SW comer of lake on Marianna Rd (Auburndale Outfall)

JPCNRD

Site: IviSGVV1



Collected: 2/16/00 Received: 2116/00

Completed: 2/18/00

Station Depth:

Sample Depth:

Project 10: CH PC: 3 SampleType: GRAB

Method Parameter

Nutrients





Microbiology




Comments: station - 1ch

Results

abs

28

38

DO Codes Date/Time MDLorMRL I Units

0.020 I mgfl

0.150 I mgfl

0.010/mgn

0.025/mgn

Pres/Abs

1/CFU

1/CFU

Approved by: ~c&7l4--t4.a~/2!...JLr~~LL..!:..!:.:::::=:====-- _~Manager .






Loc Desc: 50 M south of Kaylor Drive at Mariana Rd

Site: MSGW3

Lab#: 12991 Time: 10:30

LATI LON: 280404.2 I 814614.0

Collected: 2116/00

Project ID: CH pc: 2

Sampled By: JK

HUC:

Received: 2/16100

Completed: 2118/00


Sample Depth:

SampleType: GRAB

Method Parameter

Nutrients





Microbiology



EPA 1600 Enterococci, (MF)·

Results

2

2

DQ Codes Date I Time MDLorMRL I Units

O.02O/mgll

0.150 I mgll

0.0101 mgll

0.025 I mgll

PresJAbs

1/CFU

1/CFU

Comments: station - 3ch

APP'-by-~/U1l~L boratory Manager



PCNRD,

Certificate of ResultsPolk County Natural Resources laboratory

"'''"'.~,",~. ' ..... ~ .' -..... -..... ..,. .....,~ ....~ ".'- C..i \ '-' • j ...... ·..i

Received: 2116/00

Completed: 2118/00

21 FLPOLK Station Depth:

Sample Oepth:

SampleType: GRAB

Agency:

Time: 10:00

Collected: 2116/00

Sampled By: JK

HUC:

Mariana Water Quality Improvement

CH PC: 3

Site: Mariana

Lab#: 12989

LAT/LON:

LocOesc:

Project 10:

;/1:"''' U ..UAAlzA' :lAkAA1<:lAAA**********************:t. :\AAJ:AA:lAAA~:t:tA.. :l:l*A;\AJt"'''''AJ:A:A: ... :tAA .. '''AAA:l ..AAAAAAAA:AAAA.:n:r*****~tc:l.. A:lAkAA: .. AA"';I;AJ:"'*A"'AA"'AAA:A*J:A"'A

Method Parameter Results OQCodes Date/Time MOL/Units

Microbiology

Merck Chromocult

SM 9230 C

EPA 1600

Enterococci, (Pres/Abs) ..

Enterococci, (MF) ..

Enterococci, (MF) ..

abs

28

38

1 Pres/Abs

1 CFU

1 CFU

Comments: station -1ch

Laboratory Manager

'"AA:l:AkAAnAlik .. LA. Jolt J:AA ad••~*******:lA"d.A :kAIlAAAAJOo\AJ:Al:lJ::l:A :l.U•• A;\JotA;\kAJc:kkAJcAAkA;\kA .. AAAA>\; *kAit:lL*******U.A .. :lAA;\,,,AA ,U:A:lk* AAAJ: ,'-A.A.U'AA.> .A:l ..d:L}

Laboratory is certified for all parameters, except those indicated by an ~. using latest Standard Methods or EPA approved methods.





COllected; 311100Site; iVISGW-CH

Lab#: 13021CH

LAT/LON:

Time: 10:55 Sampled By: JK

HUC:

Received: 3/7/00

Completed: 3/9/00


Loc Desc: Sample Depth:(

Project 10: CH - DlZt"'1 PC: 1 SampleType: GRAB

>1rttc.*.***lt."'."'**.~***.*.**••**~*~~{1Jr*tt.*.*.tt***.*.*"'***"'.**.***••* •••••••***llr"'.1t>1r",••**••••llt._***lWo*'**""••****.**•••**'***••••••.,,**.********>1:**.

Method Parameter

Nutrients



SM4500 N03 F Nitrogen, N02+N03


Microbiology




Results

150

DQ Codes Date/Time MDLorMRL / Units

O.020/mgR

0.1501 mgR

0.010/mgR

0.025 1mgR

Pres/Abs

1/CFU

1/CFU

Comments: ESW Canal

~, 1,1 I WI11/l---Approved by: __--'P'--__~ l/_V___::U=-_/ _

Laboratory Manager



PCNRDSite: i'vl.::.GVIi..:Lh



....0ii8Gi8u. .;)/ (I\.}U

Loc Desc: NE Comer of Dairy Rd and Mariana Rd

Lab #: 13022CH Time: 11 :30

LAT/LON: 280409.3 / 814633.7

Project 10: CH PC: 1

Sampled By: JK

HUC:

Completed: 3/9/00


Sample Depth:

SampleType: GRAB

Method Parameter

Nutrients

SM45OONH3H Nitrogen, Ammonia


SM45OON03F Nitrogen, N02+N03

SM 4500 P-F Phosphorus, Total

Microbiology

Mercl< Chromocult Enterococci, (Pres/Abs) •



Comments:

Results

<9

DO Codes Date/Time MDLorMRL / Units

O.02O/mgll

0.150 / mgll

0.010/mgll

0.025/mgll

Pres/Abs

1/CFU

1/CFU

__ J

Approved by: --=·In:.....--_-1£~/{1...:.....::...{)(j~1----=.1---=-- _Laboratory Manager



REPORT OF ANALYSIS


SITE:MARIANA022

SAMPLED BY

LAB # 12304

JK

DATE COLLECTED 07/12/1999

TIME SAMPLED: 920

LOC DESC :CORNER LK MARNANJ..

RECEIVED: 07/12/1999

COMPLETED:07/14/1999

- ....- -_ ..-.-.- -..-...i..>..l'.i0 ,:,:._-_,:,--=-__ :. .... .:.:.

LAT :2 8 0 4 0 8 . 7 LON: 8 14 611 . 6 STATION DEPTH SAMPLE DEPTH

ST/CO FIPS :12105 STATION TYPE:CANAL/AMBNT USGS HUC:3100101

SAMPLE TYPE:GRAB S C: CH P C: 1 AGENCY CODE :21FLPOLK

******************************************************************************

PARAMETER

ENTEROCOCCI (MFJ

ENTEROCOCCI, PRES/ABS

STORET RESULTS

2700

UNITS

#!lOOml

pres/abs

DET. LMT. DQ CODES

1

*****************************************************************************STATE OF FLORIDA LAB I.D. #44286(DW) #E-44082 (EVS)

COMMENTS:

*****************************************************************************" TANDARD METHODS" LATEST EDITION, EPA APPROVED METHCiD5_

REPORT OF ANALYSIS


4189 Ben Durrance Road, Bartow, FL 33830 (941) 534-7370

SITE:MARIANA021 DATE COLLECTED 02/17/99 RECEIVED: 02/17/99

LAB# 11770 TIME SAMPLED 1340 COMPLETED: 02/19/99

SAMPLED BY JK LOC DESC:END OF PIPE-CO EASEMENT LK MARIANA DR

LAT : 2 8 0 4 . 166 LON: 8 14 6 . 17 4 STATION DEPTH SAMPLE DEPTH


SAMPLE TYPE:GRAB S C: CH P C: 2 AGENCY CODE :21FLPOLK

******************************************************************************

PARAMETER

ENTEROCOCCI (MF)


STORET RESULTS

2730

pres

UNITS

#/lOOml

pres/abs

DET. LMT.

*****************************************************************************


COMMENTS:

*****************************************************************************METHODS.

REPORT OF ANALYSIS


SITE:MARIANA021

LAB # 12303

DATE COLLECTED 07/12/1999

TIME SAMPLED: 915

RECEIVED: 07/12/1999

COMPLETED:07/14/1999

S1'<..NPLED BY JK LOC DESC~ND OF PIPE-CO EASEMENT LK MARIANA DR

LAT :280410.7 LON: 814611. 9 STATION DEPTH SAMPLE DEPTH


SAMPLE TYPE:GRAB S C: CH P c: 1 AGENCY CODE :21 FLPOLK

****************~*************************************************************

PARAMETER

ENTEROCOCCI (MF)


STORET RESULTS

1620

UNITS

#/100ml

pres/abs

DET. LMT. DQ CODES

1

*****************************************************************************

STATE OF FLORIDA LAB I.D. #44286 (DW) #E-44082 (EVS)

COMMENTS:

*****************************************************************************

:=O:::':~.'='F'pj)"ETHODS" LAT.. EST EDITION, EPA APPROVED

APPROVEDBY~VP=-/METHODS.

REPORT OF ANALYSIS

POLK COUNTY NATURAL RESOU~CES & DRAINAGE LABORATORY

SITE:MARIANA022 DATE COLLECTED 07/07/1999 RECEIVED: 07/07/1999

LAB# 12291 TIME SAMPLED: 1050 COMPLETED:07/09/1999

SAMPLED BY ON & KW LOC DESC :CORNER LK MARNANA DR AND KAYLOR DR

LAT:280408.7 LON:08146110 6 STATION DEPTH SAMPLE DEPTH

ST/CO FIPS:12105 STATION TYPE:CANAL/AMBNT USGS HUC:3100101

SAMPLE TYPE:GRAB S C: CH P C: 1 AGENCY CODE:21FLPOLK

******************************************************************************

PARAMETER

ENTEROCOCCI (MF)


STORET RESULTS

8900

UNITS DET. LMT. DQ CODES

#/100ml 1

pres/abs

*****************************************************************************STATE OF FLORIDA LAB I.D. #44286 (DW) #E-44082 (EVS)

COMMENTS:

************************************************************ ***************METHODS~_-_""

THE LAKE MARIANA WATER QUALITY PROJECT AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THESMOKING GUN MODEL FOR DETECTING HUMAN SEWAGE

C. Joe KingPolk County Natural Resources

Bartow Florida The Lake Mariana Water Quality Improvement Study was a cooperative Early Action DemonstrationProject between the Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program and Polk County Natural Resources. Funding for specialized chemistry analyses was made possible by the Southwest Florida WaterManagement District SWIM program and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection.

Lake Mariana is a 204-hectare lake in north central Polk County. The lake is in the Winter HavenRidge physiographic region and the upper Peace River drainage basin. It is part of the headwaters forthe Winter Haven Chain of Lakes and ultimately, flows into the Peace River and travels south toCharlotte Harbor and the Gulf of Mexico. The watershed for Lake Mariana is approximately 763hectares and includes both the eastern portion of the City of Auburndale and unincorporated PolkCounty north of US 92. Throughout the watershed the land use has been extensively altered from itsnative state and now includes the following designations: single family residential, light industrial andcommercial, and including a commercial nursery. The southern and western portions of the immediatewatershed are not serviced by a central sewer system and therefore the homes treat sanitary wasteswith on-site sewage treatment disposal systems (OSTDS). No point source discharges currently enterthe lake, although there are several wastewater treatment plants (packaged plants) within the area andseasonal overflow from one of the plant’s settling pond has occurred in the recent past.

Water quality data has been collected since 1985 by the Polk County Natural Resources Division andthe lake is classified as mesotrophic and nutrient balanced. The lake’s trophic state (TSI) has remainedin the mid to upper fifties for the last fifteen years. The current TSI value is between the “good” and“fair” categories. Over the last several years the lake has changed from a predominately aquaticmacrophyte habitat to a phytoplankton lake with seasonal algal blooms. The major influence for thischange has been anthropogenic. In the early 1990's, the removal of aquatic macrophytes began, first toremove nuisance plants, i.e., hydrilla, and later a considerable amount of the desirable vegetation waseradicated with the introduction of grass carp. The southern portion of the lake, which is predominatelyresidential, is practically denuded of macrophytes and as a result, shoreline erosion is substantial. Removal of the aquatic macrophytes has encouraged the introduction and increased communities ofalgae and cyanobacteria.

The water quality study was designed to 1) identify the source(s) of nutrient loadings to the lake and 2)to quantify the loading of nutrients from each source(s). Sources investigated were: storm water runoff, atmospheric deposition, and OSTDS. Total nutrient loadings and yields were calculated.

An OSTDS model (“The Smoking Gun”) was additionally developed to identify nutrients andpathogens as contributing to the pollution impact of the lake. The model developed was qualitative andbased on the relative contribution of three metrics that are evidence for human fecal contamination. Themetrics were: 15/14nitrogen isotope ratios, enterococci bacteria, and caffeine. The hypothesis is, if all

three analytes are detected than human sewage is present. Human sewage can increase the loadings ofnutrient species that have the potential to negatively impact the surface water; but could also contributehuman pathogens that may produce health risks for users of the lake. Quantitative interpretation was notmade with this study, only a determination that human sewage may be present.

Nitrogen isotope samples were taken from drainage canals that were dry, except surficial groundwaterseepage, and downstream from OSTDS drainage fields. Results showed a 15/14nitrogen ratio of 11.7and 12.1. These are in the range to show organic nitrogen was present in the groundwater. TheUSEPA guideline for enterococci bacteria, which would indicate human health risk, is > 33 col/100mls. Enterococci bacterial concentrations at the five wells ranged from non detection to 324 col/100mls andall wells had the bacteria detected at least once. Enterococci were also detected in the drainage canalsand outfalls to the lake > 1000 col/100mls. The highest concentration, 8700 col/100mls, occurred in acanal within a very compact single family residential area with septic drain fields within several meters ofthe surface water. Enterococci bacteria do not typically live more than 48 hours in freshwater. Therefore, the source of the bacteria is local. Caffeine samples were collected, at all five wells beforethe lack of recharge to the wells made sampling impossible. Caffeine was detected in one well. Due tothe caffeine molecule being quickly broken down biochemically in the groundwater environment anydetection was significant.

Although results are preliminary, the Smoking Gun detected human sewage as present in surficialgroundwater. Both nutrients loading and potential human pathogens could be impacting the lake fromthe OSTDS. Polk County Natural Resources plans to continue with the OSTDS study whenconditions permit for the groundwater levels to return to normal and recharging of the wells is possible. Results will be available when this is completed.

Atmospheric deposition wet loading calculations for nitrogen suggested direct atmospheric depositionfrom rainfall accounted for the majority of the annual mass loading. Results were obtained during anunusually dry year and may not be representative. Further study is continuing and results will beavailable in early 2002. Although not as proportionally significant, wet deposition of phosphorus wasalso quantified and loadings were higher than the loadings from storm water runoff.

Nutrient loading to the lake from storm water runoff was most significant from the major ditch systemthat drains the City of Auburndale and the southwestern residential area of Lake Mariana.The other two land use areas studied have contributed nutrients to the lake but are very minorcompared with the urban/residential area.

All three sources studied contributed to nutrient loadings and maybe also be a source for humanpathogens. Inorganic nitrogen and organic phosphorus are the major species of nutrients that werebeing transported to the lake. Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) blooms have been reported to beincreasing during the last several years, especially during the wet season. Algal blooms could be relatedto the availability of the nutrients accumulating from a combination of all sources, particularlyphosphorus. Many cyanobacteria present in the lake are nitrogen fixing species and are therefore moredependent on the phosphorus component of the loadings. This gives the cyanobacteria a competitiveedge and helps to explain their current dominance as a community. Further investigation is needed toquantify the significance of each source and to decide what management decisions should be made to

reduce the impacts that are continuing to favor the phytoplankton as the dominant community.

lake mariana waterquality improvement project, polkcounty ......lake mariana is a 204 hectare lake...

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