Leadership in Research Leadership in Research (PAN IIT 2008)(PAN IIT 2008)

Prof. Sandip Roy & Deepak Somani Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

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The New ChallengesThe New Challenges

The NewParadigms

Increased institutional networking: sharingexpertise & facilities

Increased private research funding; higher

stake-holders’expectations

Emergence of Trans-disciplinary forms of knowledge

Ingress of commercial paradigms in

academia

Pg 2

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IITB Annual R&D Revenues (2002-IITB Annual R&D Revenues (2002-08)08)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08

Year

An

nu

al R

&D

Rev

enu

e (I

NR

mill

ion

)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08

Year

% R

&D

rev

enu

e fr

om

Ind

ust

ry

Pg 3

% of Industry Funding

Annual R&D Funding

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Comparative R&D Revenues (2007-Comparative R&D Revenues (2007-08)08)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1 2 3

MIT IITBUCBerk.(UCB)

% Amount from industry

Am

ou

nt

(in

Cr

INR

)

15 % 6 %

10 %

Pg 4

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Resource vs. Performance (2000-05)Resource vs. Performance (2000-05)

Research grants/faculty (PPP adjusted)Rs lakhs/year

UCB

IITB

MIT

14

Citations per faculty

40

Patents obtained

IITB

2-3

45

64

UCB IITBMIT

4

102

105

110

UCBMIT

•40

•60

Pg 5

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Present GapsPresent Gaps

Inadequate research measure portfolio

Inadequate R&D Performance

Weak IIT-industrylinkages

Limited relevance of IITs’ research outputs for

local users

Addressing expectations of industry funded projects

Fixing time-framesdeliverables / confidentiality

/royalty payment

Attracting and motivating talent

Lack of clear benchmarks on R&D productivity

Pg 6

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A Question of Strategy?A Question of Strategy?

Low national R&D investment < 1% of GDP

G-7 R&D investment ~ $ 500 b/yr

Ours $ 2 b/yr…

How to gain R&D competitiveness?

IITs: A story of high-tech fetishism!

Moving away from high-tech fetishism: encourage a mixed research portfolio

Innovative R&D strategies: produce more for less!

Help scale-up / commoditize R&D

Props: Institutional R&D focus and Government funding policies

Pg 7

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India’s GDP India’s GDP Composition (2007)Composition (2007) Pg 8

12

3

S10

10

20

30

40

50

60

% of GDP

ss

India’s Mission-oriented R&D Successes

Agriculture, Nuclear Energy, Space

Agriculture Industry Services

Where may IITs focus? Non-global Technologies: Non-

farm technologies, Agricultural Machinery, Railway Equipment, Urban Transport Systems, Infrastructure, Chemicals…

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Proposed Changes in EcosystemProposed Changes in Ecosystem

Improve and implement a stronger system for evaluating research productivity: award weights to consulting, tech transfer, patents, publications (differential emphasis for junior & senior faculty)

Consider monetary measure in evaluation of faculty R&D impact

Establish differential recognition for research with local impact

Establish a parallel option for teamed, developmental work with focused deliverables

Align inter-disciplinary research programs with industry needs in focus

PANIIT- Industry Portal to enhance IIT-Industry & cross IIT exchange and interaction

Academia-industry showcasing of expertise: seminars, exhibitions, technology meets, etc

Disseminate IIT research outputs though R&D magazines / portals / exhibits / tie-ups with press

Internal focus External alignment

Pg 9

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ValidationValidation

Fix measures of research

productivity / impact

Benchmark measures

Record measures at individual and institutional level

Pg 10

EvaluateR&D Impact

Evolvepolicy

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Possible Research Value MeasuresPossible Research Value Measures

Annual per capita project outlay

publicationpatents

technologies developed / transferred etc

Research impact intensity:monetary return;

advancement of state-of-art

R&D consulting revenue Revenue from patents,technologies transferred

Pg 11

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SourcesSources

Sandip Roy, “Paradigm Shifts and Other Demons” in UPDATE, IIT Bombay, December 2002. http://www.ircc.iitb.ac.in/~webadm/update/archives/December_2002/Commentary.htm

Sandip Roy, “Networking the Academia and the Industry” in UPDATE, IIT Bombay, April 2003. http://www.ircc.iitb.ac.in/~webadm/update/archives/April_2003/commentary.html

Sandip Roy, “The Academia in Transition” in UPDATE, IIT Bombay, December 2003 http://www.ircc.iitb.ac.in/~webadm/update/archives/December03/academia.html

Reports of the IIT Review Committees

www.vigyan.org.in/research/asci/contents_graphs.htm#1 (Indian R&D Statistics)

Science & Engineering Indicators (NSF, USA, Global R&D Statistics)

http://www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/seind02/c6/c6s3.htm (Global R&D Trends)

World Bank Reports on Global R&D Trends / Indicators (http://www.worldbank.org/)

Pg 12

Page 13

www.paniit2009.org

2008 2008 ::

2003 : San Jose 2003 : San Jose

2004 : New Delhi2004 : New Delhi

2005 : Washington DC2005 : Washington DC

2006 : Mumbai2006 : Mumbai

2007 : Santa Clara2007 : Santa Clara

Chicago!Chicago!20092009

ChennaiChennai

Page 14

Join the Revolution!

www.paniit2009.org

Register for Pan IIT 2009, Chicago