learn yourself carbon and it's compounds - carbon commandos.pptx

8/13/2019 Learn Yourself Carbon And It's Compounds - Carbon Commandos.pptx

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CONFUSED LETS SEE THEDIFFERENCE

Difference between Organic And Inorganic compounds.

Organic Inorganic


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More On CovalentBonding

The bonds in covalent bonding with itself ( C-C) is quite strong but with others is weak .Thus the melting and boiling points are quitelow.

Also in ionic the bonds are tight and due toion formation they are good conductors ofheat and electricity in contrast to covalentbonds due to unavailability of carbon


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What Is Carbon ? Non-metallic element of group IV-A which constitutes only about0.009 % by mass of Earths crust.(but it is the 6 th most abundant

element in the universe) It is tetravalent ( Valency 4 ) Exists in three isotopes: 12 C, 13 C,

14 C Has the unique ability to form long

chains (consisting of more than 50C atoms) and stable five or six- membered rings called c ten t ion


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Physical Properties Of Carbon..

Atomic number: 6 Electron Configuration: K-2 , L-4

Atomic mass: 12.0107 amu Melting Point: 3,823 K Boiling Point: 4,098 K Density: 2.2670 g/cm 3 Phase (room temperature): Solid


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Diamond

Hard Bad Conductor.

Carbon tightly bondedwith other 3 . No freeelectrons

Graphite

Soft & Brittle Good Conductor as

Carbons atoms are likefuzed benzene atoms butdue to only 2 double bonds1 electron are free


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Description

Diamond ishardest

substance whichis used for

drilling holesand cuttingglass

Graphite issoft andused in

pencil leadsand as drylubricant

BuckministerFullerene isin the shapefootball and

isresearchedupon.


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Bonding with Carbon. The electronic configuration of carbon is K-2 L-4 .

Thus it needs +- 4 electrons to complete its octetor duplet.

Thus, if it loses 4 electrons then too much ofenergy will be required which may lead to an atomcollapse. The story is similar as if it gains 4electrons than a small nucleus wont be able to

withstand such a huge force. Thus , the extremenecessity of carbon to become stable leads tomutual sharing of electrons.


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Covalent Bonding As mentioned earlier Carbon has to share its electrons to attain its

noble gas configuration. So, Carbon needs 4 electrons to complete its Octet . Thus, Caron

and its valance's will be represented as


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Covalent Bond except Carbon

Covalent bonding happened with atoms other that carbons such as OxygenNitrogen and in compounds such as Water. In covalent bonding actuallyelectrons are shares at vey high sppeds . This occurs between a non metalwith another


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Hydrocarbons

Now when we know carbon can combine withitself and with hydrogen , when carbon doeslike this the resulting compound which isstable is known as a hydrocarbon. For eg- CH 4


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CLASSIFYING HYDROCARBONS

Hydrocarbon

Aliphatic or

Open Chain

Alkanes

Alkenes

Alkynes

Carbocyclic

Aromatic

Alicyclic


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Types Of Hydrocarbon

Alkane

Single bond

CnH2n+2 ( n- number of carbon atoms )

Alkene

Double bond CnH2n ( n- number of carbon atoms )

Alkyne

Triple Bonds CnH2n-2 ( n- number of carbon atoms)

Alicyclic

They have single or double bond between carbon atoms in a branch . Eg-Cyclopropane.

Aromatic They have single and double forms in a cycle form. Eg. benzene


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Alkane Alkene And Alkyne


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Alkanes The general formula of alkane is C nH2n+2 ( n- number of carbon atoms)

Examples of alkanes: CH 4

Thus series of alkanes is-

Methane CH4

Ethane -C2H6

Propane -C3H8

Butane -C4H10

Pentane -C5H12


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Alkenes The general formula of alkene is C nH2n ( n- number of carbon atoms)

Examples of alkenes: C 2H4 It starts from 2 carbon atoms as 2 carbon atoms aremust for a double bond.

Thus series of alkenes is-

Ethene

Propene

ButenePentene

Hexene


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Alkyne

Ethyne

Propyne

ButynePentyne

Hexyne

The general formula of alkene is C nH2n-2 ( n- number of carbon atoms)

Examples of alkynes: C2H

2It starts from 2 carbon atoms as 2 carbon atoms are must for a doublebond.

Thus series of alkynes is-


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More On Alkanes


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More On Alkenes


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More On Alkynes


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Saturated AndUnsaturated

Unsaturated Saturated


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Reasons For Large No. Ofcarbon Compounds

learn yourself carbon and it's compounds - carbon commandos.pptx

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