Learning GoalsLearning Goals

The students will have an The students will have an understanding of the Cattle Trails understanding of the Cattle Trails and Railroads that were built in the and Railroads that were built in the Indian Territory.Indian Territory.

Cattle Trails and RailroadsCattle Trails and Railroads After their removal to Indian Territory the After their removal to Indian Territory the

Five Civilized Tribes raised livestock.Five Civilized Tribes raised livestock. The war virtually wiped out the herds that The war virtually wiped out the herds that

had grazed territorial pasture lands, along had grazed territorial pasture lands, along with the prosperity of cattlemen.with the prosperity of cattlemen.

The Indian ranchers did not have the funds The Indian ranchers did not have the funds to rebuild their herds.to rebuild their herds.

In Texas however the range cattle industry In Texas however the range cattle industry was booming. Large herds were raised on was booming. Large herds were raised on Texas grass, then driven north to markets Texas grass, then driven north to markets in Missouri and Kansas. The first major in Missouri and Kansas. The first major cattle drive rumbled up the East Shawnee cattle drive rumbled up the East Shawnee Trail in 1866 across eastern Indian Trail in 1866 across eastern Indian Territory.Territory.

The Chisholm TrialThe Chisholm Trial The most famous of all trials The most famous of all trials

through Indian Territory was through Indian Territory was the Chisholm Trail.the Chisholm Trail.

It entered the Territory on the It entered the Territory on the south at the Red River south at the Red River Crossing and ran roughly Crossing and ran roughly adjacent to the 98adjacent to the 98thth Parallel Parallel until it crossed into Kansas as until it crossed into Kansas as Caldwell.Caldwell.

The Chisholm Trail solved the The Chisholm Trail solved the geographical problems of geographical problems of forests and mountains forests and mountains encountered on the East encountered on the East Shawnee Trail.Shawnee Trail.

The first cattle drive up the The first cattle drive up the Chisholm Trial took place in Chisholm Trial took place in 1867.1867.

The Western TrailThe Western Trail The Western Trail or Dodge City Trail The Western Trail or Dodge City Trail

entered Indian Territory at Doan's entered Indian Territory at Doan's Crossing on the Red River. It crossed Crossing on the Red River. It crossed into Kansas northeast of Laverne.into Kansas northeast of Laverne.

Cattle TrailsCattle Trails Other cattle trails cut through Indian Other cattle trails cut through Indian

Territory but by 1885 all the Territory but by 1885 all the surrounding states had passed surrounding states had passed quarantine laws against Texas cattle. quarantine laws against Texas cattle. The trails in those states became The trails in those states became quiet.quiet.

RailroadsRailroads While the cattle industry was While the cattle industry was

growing in the west, railroads were growing in the west, railroads were vying for right of way agreements vying for right of way agreements elsewhere. The Reconstruction elsewhere. The Reconstruction Treaties provided for a North-Treaties provided for a North-South line and an east-west line South line and an east-west line through the Territory.through the Territory.

The Missouri, Kansas, and Texas The Missouri, Kansas, and Texas Railroad familiarly known as the Railroad familiarly known as the Katy won the right to complete a Katy won the right to complete a line across the Territory from line across the Territory from Kansas to Texas.Kansas to Texas.

The MK&T was the first of three The MK&T was the first of three competing companies to arrive at competing companies to arrive at a specified destination in a railroad a specified destination in a railroad building contest.building contest.

Chapter 11 Quiz• 1.) What railroad won the right to have a line

from Kansas to Texas?• a.) Union Pacific railroad• b.) Central Pacific railroad• c.) The Katy Railroad

• 2.) Where did the Western trail enter Indian Territory?

• a.) At Medicine Lodge• b.) At Dodge City• c.) At the Red River

• 3.) What was the most famous trail to go through Indian Territory?

• a.) The Dodge City trail• b.) The Chisholm Trail• c.) The Western Trail

• 4.) What were these trails used mostly for?• a.) Cattle drives• b.) Gold seekers trying to get west• c.) The removal of the Indians

• 5.) Why were the trails built?• a.) For easier passage to and from Mexico • b.) For easier passage from Indian territory to

Union territory to the North• c.) For easier passage to and from Texas

• 6.) In what state was the cattle business doing the best?

• a.) Oklahoma• b.) Kansas• c.) Texas

• 7.) What does the MK&T railroad stand for?• a.) The Mountains of Kansas and Texas railroad• b.) The Missouri, Kansas and Texas railroad• c.) The Mississippi, Kansas and Texas railroad

• 8.) In what direction did the Katy railroad run?• a.) From North to South• b.) From East to West • c.) It went North and then Turned West

• 9.) What had the Civil War done to the herds in Indian territory?

• a.) The herds increased because the U.S. Government had placed extra cattle in the territory during the war to supply its troops

• b.) There were no cattle in the territory because the Indians refused to raise livestock prior to the war

• c.) It virtually eliminated the herds in the Indian territory

• 10.) What major problem did the Chisholm trail solve?

• a.) It provided passage from the Eastern part of the United States to the Western

• b.) It provided passage from the Northern Mexico plains into Indian territory

• c.) It provide a solution to the geographical problems encountered on the East Shawnee trail.

Chapter 11 Quiz• 1.) What railroad won the right to have a

line from Kansas to Texas?

• 2.) Name the four trails that went through Indian Territory?

• 3.) What was the most famous trail to go through Indian Territory?

• 4.) Why were the trails built?• a.) For easier passage to and from the

Indian Territory to transport buffalo herds

• b.) For easier passage from Indian territory to Union territory to the North to transport soldiers during the Civil War

• c.) For easier passage to and from Texas to Northern States to transport cattle

• 5.) Name two things that happened to the trails that led to them not being used anymore?

• 6.) In what state was the cattle business doing the best?

• a.) Oklahoma• b.) Kansas• c.) Texas

• 7.) What does the MK&T railroad stand for?

• 8.) What was the MK&T railroad also known as?

• 9.) What had the Civil War done to the herds in Indian territory?

• 10.) What major problem did the Chisholm trail solve?

• a.) It provided passage from the Eastern part of the United States to the Western

• b.) It provided passage from the Northern Mexico plains into Indian territory

• c.) It provide a solution to the geographical problems encountered on the East Shawnee trail.