lecture 2011.06 - foss and business (digital sustainability)

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Digital Sustainability in the Knowledge Society Free/Open Source Software (FOSS) and Business Dr. Marcus M. Dapp Board OKF Germany / IT Strategist, City Government Munich 31.10.2011

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Page 1: Lecture 2011.06 - FOSS and business (Digital Sustainability)

Digital Sustainabilityin the Knowledge Society 

Free/Open Source Software (FOSS) and Business

Dr. Marcus M. DappBoard OKF Germany / IT Strategist, City Government Munich

31.10.2011

Page 2: Lecture 2011.06 - FOSS and business (Digital Sustainability)

Historical »Halloween Documents«

Marked "Microsoft confidential", they identify FOSS, in particular Linux, as a major threatto Microsoft's dominance of the software industry, and suggest ways in which Microsoftcould disrupt the progress of open source software. (Source: Wikipedia)

Series of confidential Microsoft memoranda leaked in 1998/1999 on potential strategies relating to free software, open­source software, and to Linux in particular ­­ and a series of responses to these memoranda written by Eric Raymond.

Page 3: Lecture 2011.06 - FOSS and business (Digital Sustainability)

   

Software business ischanging …FTD vom 29.10.2008

Page 4: Lecture 2011.06 - FOSS and business (Digital Sustainability)

   

Founding IT startups...

Page 5: Lecture 2011.06 - FOSS and business (Digital Sustainability)

   

Task: Start up the »Open™ Corporation« !

• Somehow...• Base business model on FOSS• Try to earn money with it

• Key business plan questions• Which customer needs do you address?• What is your offering? (product/service)• Who are your customers?• What is the added value they get yor their 

money? 3­5­1interaction

Page 6: Lecture 2011.06 - FOSS and business (Digital Sustainability)

   

• Distribution• Operating system• Applications

• Service Provider Many different models...

• Full service• Specialized service• Events

• Hardware• Retail

Four generic FOSS business models

Adapted from Berlecon – FLOSS Survey, part 3 (2002)

Page 7: Lecture 2011.06 - FOSS and business (Digital Sustainability)

   

A) Distribution : Operating system

<product>Distribution – Merchandising – Support – Training – Integration ­ Consulting

<service>

Examples for GNU/Linux: RedHat, Canonical, Novell

Value proposition:     Packaging + X

Critical Success Factors/Core competencies:    Brand building, distribution, marketing

Types of Offerings:• Range from standard to individual solutions

Page 8: Lecture 2011.06 - FOSS and business (Digital Sustainability)

   

A) Distribution : Applications / ToolsEx.: mySQL, Star/OpenOffice.org, FireFox, SourceForge

Value proposition:     Scheduling, professional delivery, support

Critical Success Factors/Core competencies:    Software expertise, Community relationship,   Hire core developers, (Dual­)Licensing

Types of Offerings:• Open up older versions• Consulting, support• Dual­licensing (closed and open)• Proprietary additions (»open core«)

  »symbiosis« !?

Page 9: Lecture 2011.06 - FOSS and business (Digital Sustainability)

   

B) Service Providers : Full serviceExamples: Distributors, Optaros

Value proposition:     product/technology expertise

Critical Success Factors/Core competencies:    leverage technical / integration knowledge   for service offering

Types of Offerings:• »Everything« around product/technology• Product support in broadest sense

     Technology  dependence

Page 10: Lecture 2011.06 - FOSS and business (Digital Sustainability)

   

B) Service Providers : Specialized serviceExamples: Accenture, IBM, FOSS Group

Value proposition:     business process expertise, IT­consulting

Critical Success Factors/Core competencies:    leverage knowledge for FOSS offering

Types of Offerings:• Support contracts (e.g. guaranteed reaction)• Training (direct, e­learning)• General IT consulting or focus on FOSS

Demand level?

Page 11: Lecture 2011.06 - FOSS and business (Digital Sustainability)

   

B) Service Providers : EventsExamples: openexpo.ch, LinuxTag, OSCON

Value proposition:    Present »hot topics & trends«, knowledge

Critical Success Factors/Core competencies:    Pick topics, event management

Types of Offerings:• Platform for community• Information for customers• PR/Marketing channel for Service Providers

      Who pays?

Page 12: Lecture 2011.06 - FOSS and business (Digital Sustainability)

   

C) HardwareExamples: OLPC, openmoko, some Android phones, »Freedom Box«

Value proposition:     »free/open hardware«

Critical Success Factors/Core competencies:     community relationship, HW/SW combo

Types of Offerings:• Hardware• Software sharing platform• Support

Page 13: Lecture 2011.06 - FOSS and business (Digital Sustainability)

   

D) RetailExamples: O’Reilly, CNET, heise, (publisher, bookshops)

Value proposition:    Specialized sales channel for products

Critical Success Factors/Core competencies:    (Mass) market access, retail chain brand

Types of Offerings:• Software packages• Books, Tutorials, Videos, etc.• Merchandise articles

Page 14: Lecture 2011.06 - FOSS and business (Digital Sustainability)

   

FOSS­based business models

• Absence of royalty fees stillleaves options to earn money

• Many experiments are ongoing...

Check out our groups this year!

#1 Offenes Cloud Computing#6 Freedom Box#7 diaspora – Freie Alternative zu Facebook?#15 Geld verdienen mit FOSS

Page 15: Lecture 2011.06 - FOSS and business (Digital Sustainability)

Nach der Pause

Unser Gast, Georg Greve, stellt einreales FOSS Business vor:

KoLab Systems AG