lecture 7 - management and organizational behaviour (2)

8/17/2019 Lecture 7 - Management and Organizational Behaviour (2)

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Understanding StressManagement and Work

Performance

By Grace Abban - Ampiah

GBU 205 MA!AG"M"!# $%&GA!'SA#'%!A(

B")A*'%&


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(earning %+tcomesAt the end of the lecture: students will be

able to know that understanding thenat+re and ca+ses of stress is keye,ement in creating a ork en.ironment

that meets the needs of both theorgani/ation and emp,oyees

'dentify and de.e,op practicaltechniques to manage and pre.ent stress at work place.


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Stress is a fact of ,ife1 here.er yo+ are andhate.er yo+ are doing o+ cannot a.oidstress1 b+t yo+ can ,earn to manage it1 so it

doesn3t manage yo+


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Lesson StructureWhat is stress?What are stressors?

Classication of stress

Signicance of studing stress

Causes of work!related stress "WorkStressors#

Smptoms of stress

Stress outcomes$ersonalit and Stress

Stress moderators "Stress pre%ention andmanagement#


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What is Stress?Psycho,ogists& dene stress as a '(strain

e)perienced b an indi%idual o%er a period oftime which impairs the abilit of the indi%idual toperform his or her role.((

Stress refers to the wa indi%iduals reactsphsicall or mentall to changes& e%ents andsituations in their li%es.

Stress occurs when an indi%idual feels that theare orking o+tside his*her comfort /one

4M+,,ins1 2005


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What are stressors? +hese are physica, 4Physio,ogica, or

psycho,ogica, 4emotiona, e.ents orsituations that put pressure or demands onan ,ndi%idual.


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Classication of stress

Stress can be classied into two main groupsnamel:Psycho,ogica, stress which manifests itself

in indi%idual feelings through emotional stress.

-.g. an)iet& e)cessi%e worr and depression

$hsiological Stress: manifest itself in pain orphsical discomfort associated with human

bod.

-.g. abnormal blood pressure or heartbeatdetected in an indi%idual.


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$schological Stress


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Physio,ogica, Stress


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Signi6cance of +nderstanding andmanaging Stress in the organi/ation

+o pre%ent health issues such as increased

heart rate& sweating as a result of increased

blood sugar& high blood pressure

,mpro%e emploee attitude at the work place

Less absenteeism

,mpro%ed ob performance,mpro%e self!esteemed

/ecreased use of medications.


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-)ercise/iscuss among ourself causes of stress

and describe was it can be pre%ented orminimi0ed


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7a+ses of Work-re,atedStress4Work StressorsWork o.er,oad ,ndi%iduals are at a risk if

the are unable to relate with work task setfor them b their superiors

"8cess demands of ork some obstakes so much out of the emploee thatmakes them e)hausted.

'nterpersona, 7on9icts $ersonal andemotional con1icts with colleagues at thework place can lead to stress.


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7a+ses of Work-re,atedStress

Boredom: Lack of interest of work&retirement& and unemploment& can lead todepression and stress.

Poor comm+nication: Lack of e2ecti%ecommunication at work can lead to feelings ofisolation and frustration resulting to stress.

Work &o,e 'ss+es When a person does notknow his*her roles or responsibilities at workcan easil lead to stress


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Smptoms of Stress

3. 4eadaches5. 6uscular tension

7. 8atigue

9. 4pertension

. 4eart problems;. Lack of concentration

. ,ncreased smoking

3. /isrupti%e eating "o%ereating or undereating#


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@ther causes of Stress

Persona, circ+mstances: Conditionsoutside the work place e.g. di%orce&berea%ement.

8inancial problems can in1uence theperformance or a person at work place.

Lack of Sleep

8ear

An)iet "ner%ousness#


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Stress @utcomes "-2ects ofStress on ,ndi%iduals#


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Persona,ity and Stress

Persona,ity #ype A Persona,ity #ype B

+pe A setthemsel%es e)act

and high personalgoals and stri%e hardto achie%e so theare more prone to

stress."-.g. the are

impatient& in1e)ible&hardworking#

+pe are morerela)ed& 1e)ible and

adaptable not o%erambitious but theachie%e their goalsthrough proper use

of their talents soless likel to su2erstress


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Locus of Control

'nterna, (oc+s of7ontro,

"8terna, (oc+s ofcontro,

,nternals controltheir own

beha%iour ordestin. +he morelikel to getstressed out easil

because the feelin control of whathappens to them

-)ternals belie%ethat their beha%iour

is controlled b luck&chance& otherse2orts so the feelless in control. +he

are prone to simplean)iet reductionstrategies that onlpertain in the short

run.

Stress Moderators:Stress


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Stress Moderators:StressPre.ention Management ;

Persona, (e.e,

Seek for socia, s+pport B Con%ersationwith people at the work place.

&ecreation: 4a%ing a lot of time foroneself to ha%e fun.

#ime management $lanning and

prioriti0ing one(s schedule can help reducestress. -.g. 6ake a #o-do-,ist dai,y to helpreduce stress.

ress o era ors ress


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ress o era ors ressPre.ention and Management

7ont3d

Share yo+r prob,ems Alwas shareproblems when the need arises with friendsand colleagues& seek for ad%ice and opinionof our Superiors.

(i.e a hea,thy ,ifesty,e /e%elop thehabit of eating well& e)ercise regularl&sleep more "


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Stress Moderators:StressPre.ention and Management

7ont3d&e,a8 and "8ercise ela)ing b readinginteresting books& meditation& and doinge)ercises helps to control stress.

Adapt to change /o not let work controlour life. /o other things that will help oubecome refreshed and creati%e. '(All workand no plaD.makes an indi%idual becomebored.

ress o era ors ress


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ress o era ors ressManagement ; %rgani/ationa,

(e.e,

6anagers should pro%ide training for allsta2 in time management andde,egation

Adopt regular open comm+nication so thatemploees get the opportunities to disc+ssprob,ems and orries bothering them atthe work place.

-nsure that there are ade


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ress o era ors ressManagement ; %rgani/ationa,

(e.e,

/e%elop an e=ecti.e feedback system toensure that problems of workloads anddeadlines are identied quickl.

Create a serene orking en.ironment tohelp reduce managerial stress. -.g.6anagers should moti%ate emploeesthrough pro%iding them with certicates&appreciation& career de%elopment e.tc


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Gro+p disc+ssion

Wh is the incidence of stressincreasing in modern working life?

,n our opinion& does stress increase asou ascend the managerial hierarch?


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Conclusion

Do not let work take over your life.Work hard, but play hard as well in

order to reduce stress!


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Euestions

lecture 7 - management and organizational behaviour (2)

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