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Processing of Metals & Alloys

Forming CastingPowder

Metallurgy

Forging Sand

Rolling Die

WROUGHTWROUGHT CASTCAST

Extrusion Investment

Drawing Continuous

Choice of a process depends on

Properties of the metal Geometry of the Part

Quantity

Wrought / Cast Parts

Metal Cutting Joining

Turning Welding

Milling Brazing

S aping Soldering

es ve

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Metal FormingMetal FormingDeformation processing techniques

Forging

MetalRollingDrawing

orm ng

Extrusion

Deformation ProcessingDeformation ProcessingHot workingHot working

Processing above crystallization temp

Less energy to deform

Good process control

Cold workinCold workin

Surface oxidation and poor finish

High quality surface

Better mechanical properties

Closer dimensional control

expensive

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Extrusion ExtrusionExtrusion

s a process w ere a e s orce roug a e.

Parts have constant cross-section

Direct Extrusion (or) Forward ExtrusionBillet is placedin a chamber and forced through a die opening by a hydraulically-driven ram or pressing stem.

Drawing It is a process where a cross-section of

solid rod, wire, or tubing is reduced or changed inDrawingDrawing

shape by pulling it through a die.

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Metal CastingMetal CastingComplicated and / or large pieces

Mechanical strength is not important

Most economical fabrication process

Metal CastingMetal Casting

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Welding

MetalMetal

Brazing

Adhesive

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Machining ProcessesMachining Processes

Turning ProcessMachining ProcessesMachining Processes

Lathe

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Machining ProcessesMachining Processes

Shaping Process

Machining ProcessesMachining ProcessesShaping Process

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Milling Process Machining ProcessesMachining Processes

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Machining ProcessesMachining Processes

Drilling Process Machining ProcessesMachining Processes

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Machining ProcessesMachining ProcessesGrinding ProcessGrinding is a material removal process in which abrasive particles are contained in a

bonded grinding wheel that operates at very high surface speeds. The grinding wheel is

usually disk shaped and is precisely balanced for high rotational speeds.

Cylindrical grinding

Centerless grinding

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Cutting tools

Aerospace

Automotive

Powder Metallurgy

Applications