ledovityy okean
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1
, Arctic Ocean (.), Nordishavet (.), Ishavet (.) , , . , ( 5449 ) . 14,7 .
- , .18 . , .
, , ,
8 1895 86 13 36" . . , , . , ,
- (1861 1930) , , , 1922 .
, , , .
2 1933 , . . . . , 13 1934 . , 5 , -4 10 2 . 104 , , .
18771914 , , . , 200 2000.2 1914 .. .. ( 20 ) . . 20 1914 , .
-1 6 1937 20 . 9 (274 ), 2000. 19 1938 70- ,
: .. , .. , .. , ...
-1
() ( ) :
, 1020 . , .
- , , 1912
0 - +1-4 t -32-40
16 189 , 178. 90% .
. ?
. ( , , , , ).
? ( )
- . 90. . 3 . - -, .
( , , , ) . .
"" , 21 1955 24 1990 ( ) 135 : 87 ( 84 , 1 , 2 ), 3 42 1961 58- -
, , . , , , 20 , . , , .