legal ethics 3rd caseload

7/24/2019 Legal Ethics 3rd Caseload

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EN BANC

ROBERTO SORIANO, Complainant,

- versus -

Atty. MANUEL I!ON, Respon"ent.

A.C. No. 6792, January 25, 2006

DECISION

PER CURIAM:

Beore u! "! a Co#$%a"n&'A"(a)"& or &*e ("!+ar#en& o A&&y.

Manue% D"on, "%e( +y Ro+er&o Sor"ano -"&* &*e Co##"!!"on

on Bar D"!"$"ne /CBD o &*e In&e1ra&e( Bar o &*e P*"%"$$"ne!

/IBP. Co#$%a"nan& a%%e1e! &*a& &*e on)"&"on o re!$on(en&

or a r"#e "n)o%)"n1 #ora% &ur$"&u(e, &o1e&*er -"&* &*e

"ru#!&ane! !urroun("n1 &*e on)"&"on, )"o%a&e! Canon o

Ru%e .0 o &*e Co(e o Proe!!"ona% Re!$on!"+"%"&y3 an(

on!&"&u&e! !u""en& 1roun( or *"! ("!+ar#en& un(er Se&"on

27 o Ru%e 4 o &*e Ru%e! o Cour&.

Beau!e o &*e a"%ure o A&&y. D"on &o !u+#"& *"! An!-er &o

&*e Co#$%a"n&, &*e CBD "!!ue( a No&"e (a&e( May 20, 200,

"nor#"n1 *"# &*a& *e -a! "n (eau%&, an( &*a& an e'$ar&e

*ear"n1 *a( +een !*e(u%e( or June , 200.

A&er &*a& *ear"n1, o#$%a"nan& #an"e!&e( &*a& *e -a!

!u+#"&&"n1 &*e a!e on &*e +a!"! o &*e Co#$%a"n& an( "&!

a&&a*#en&!. Aor("n1%y, &*e CBD ("re&e( *"# &o "%e *"!

Po!"&"on Pa$er, -*"* *e ("( on Ju%y 27, 200. A&er-ar(!, &*e

a!e -a! (ee#e( !u+#"&&e( or re!o%u&"on.

On Dee#+er 6, 200, Co##"!!"oner 8ere!"&a J. er+o!a

ren(ere( *er Re$or& an( Reo##en(a&"on, -*"* -a! %a&er

a(o$&e( an( a$$ro)e( +y &*e IBP Boar( o o)ernor! "n "&!

Re!o%u&"on No. ;


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a!e, re!$on(en& *a! +een oun( 1u"%&y3 an( *e !&an(!

on)"&e(, +y "na% ?u(1#en&, o ru!&ra&e( *o#""(e. S"ne *"!

on)"&"on *a! a%rea(y +een e!&a+%"!*e( an( "! no %on1er o$en

&o @ue!&"on, &*e on%y "!!ue! &*a& re#a"n &o +e (e&er#"ne( are

a! o%%o-!: -*e&*er *"! r"#e o ru!&ra&e( *o#""(e "n)o%)e!

#ora% &ur$"&u(e, an( 2 -*e&*er *"! 1u"%& -arran&! ("!+ar#en&.

Mora% &ur$"&u(e *a! +een (e"ne( a! e)ery&*"n1 -*"* "! (one

on&rary &o ?u!&"e, #o(e!&y, or 1oo( #ora%!3 an a& o+a!ene!!, )"%ene!! or (e$ra)"&y "n &*e $r")a&e an( !o"a% (u&"e!

-*"* a #an o-e! *"! e%%o-#en, or &o !o"e&y "n 1enera%,

on&rary &o ?u!&"e, *one!&y, #o(e!&y, or 1oo( #ora%!.

8*e @ue!&"on o -*e&*er &*e r"#e o *o#""(e "n)o%)e! #ora%

&ur$"&u(e *a! +een ("!u!!e( "n In&erna&"ona% R"e Re!ear*

In!&"&u&e /IRRI ). NRC, a %a+or a!e onern"n1 an e#$%oyee

-*o -a! ("!#"!!e( on &*e +a!"! o *"! on)"&"on or *o#""(e.

Con!"(er"n1 &*e $ar&"u%ar "ru#!&ane! !urroun("n1 &*e

o##"!!"on o &*e r"#e, &*"! Cour& re?e&e( &*e e#$%oyer=!

on&en&"on an( *e%( &*a& *o#""(e "n &*a& a!e ("( no& "n)o%)e

#ora% &ur$"&u(e. /I "& ("(, &*e r"#e -ou%( *a)e +een )"o%a&")e

o &*e IRRI! E#$%oy#en& Po%"y Re1u%a&"on! an( "n(ee( a

1roun( or ("!#"!!a%. 8*e Cour& e$%a"ne( &*a&, *a)"n1("!re1ar(e( &*e a&&en(an& "ru#!&ane!, &*e e#$%oyer #a(e

a $ronoune#en& &*a& -a! $re"$"&a&e. ur&*er#ore, "& -a! no&

or &*e %a&&er &o (e&er#"ne on%u!")e%y -*e&*er a r"#e

"n)o%)e( #ora% &ur$"&u(e. 8*a& ("!re&"on +e%on1e( &o &*e

our&!, a! e$%a"ne( &*u!:

. o#""(e #ay or #ay no& "n)o%)e #ora% &ur$"&u(e

(e$en("n1 on &*e (e1ree o &*e r"#e. Mora% &ur$"&u(e "! no&

"n)o%)e( "n e)ery r"#"na% a& an( "! no& !*o-n +y e)ery >no-n

an( "n&en&"ona% )"o%a&"on o !&a&u&e, +u& -*e&*er any $ar&"u%ar

on)"&"on "n)o%)e! #ora% &ur$"&u(e #ay +e a @ue!&"on o a&

an( re@uen&%y (e$en(! on a%% &*e !urroun("n1 "ru#!&ane!.

./E#$*a!"! !u$$%"e(

In &*e IRRI a!e, "n -*"* &*e r"#e o *o#""(e ("( no& "n)o%)e

#ora% &ur$"&u(e, &*e Cour& a$$re"a&e( &*e $re!ene o

"no#$%e&e !e%'(een!e an( &o&a% a+!ene o a11ra)a&"n1

"ru#!&ane!. or a +e&&er un(er!&an("n1 o &*a& De"!"on, &*e

"ru#!&ane! o &*e r"#e are @uo&e( a! o%%o-!:

. 8*e a&! on reor( !*o- &*a& M"o!a &*e IRRI

e#$%oyee -a! &*en ur"na&"n1 an( *a( *"! +a> &urne( -*en

&*e )"&"# (ro)e *"! "!& un&o M"o!aF! ae3 &*a& &*e )"&"# &*en

or"+%y ru++e( M"o!aF! ae "n&o &*e "%&*y ur"na%3 &*a& M"o!a

$%ea(e( &o &*e )"&"# &o !&o$ &*e a&&a> +u& -a! "1nore( an(

&*a& "& -a! -*"%e M"o!a -a! "n &*a& $o!"&"on &*a& *e (re- a an

>n"e ro# &*e %e& $o>e& o *"! !*"r& an( (e!$era&e%y !-un1 "&

a& &*e )"&"# -*o re%ea!e( *"! *o%( on M"o!a on%y a&er &*e%a&&er *a( !&a++e( *"# !e)era% &"#e!. 8*e!e a&! !*o- &*a&

M"o!aF! "n&en&"on -a! no& &o !%ay &*e )"&"# +u& on%y &o (een(

*"! $er!on. 8*e a$$re"a&"on "n *"! a)or o &*e #"&"1a&"n1

"ru#!&ane! o !e%'(een!e an( )o%un&ary !urren(er, $%u!

&*e &o&a% a+!ene o any a11ra)a&"n1 "ru#!&ane

(e#on!&ra&e &*a& M"o!aF! *ara&er an( "n&en&"on! -ere no&

"n*eren&%y )"%e, "##ora% or un?u!&.

8*e $re!en& a!e "! &o&a%%y ("eren&. A! &*e IBP orre&%y oun(,

&*e "ru#!&ane! %ear%y e)"ne &*e #ora% &ur$"&u(e o

re!$on(en& an( *"! un-or&*"ne!! &o $ra&"e %a-.

A&&y. D"on -a! (e"n"&e%y &*e a11re!!or, a! *e $ur!ue( an(

!*o& o#$%a"nan& -*en &*e %a&&er %ea!& e$e&e( "&. 8*e a& o

a11re!!"on !*o-n +y re!$on(en& -"%% no& +e #"&"1a&e( +y &*e

a& &*a& *e -a! *"& one an( *"! ar# &-"!&e( +y o#$%a"nan&.

Un(er &*e "ru#!&ane!, &*o!e -ere rea!ona+%e a&"on!

%ear%y "n&en(e( &o en( o &*e %a-yer=! a!!au%&.

e a%!o on!"(er &*e &r"a% our&! "n("n1 o &rea*ery a! a

ur&*er "n("a&"on o &*e !>e-e( #ora%! o re!$on(en&. e !*o&

&*e )"&"# -*en &*e %a&&er -a! no& "n a $o!"&"on &o (een(

*"#!e%. In a&, un(er &*e "#$re!!"on &*a& &*e a!!au%& -a!

a%rea(y o)er, &*e unar#e( o#$%a"nan& -a! #ere%y re&urn"n1

&*e eye1%a!!e! o A&&y. D"on -*en &*e %a&&er une$e&e(%y !*o&

*"#. 8o #a>e #a&&er! -or!e, re!$on(en& -ra$$e( &*e *an(%e

o *"! 1un -"&* a *an(>er*"e !o a! no& &o %ea)e "n1er$r"n&!. In

!o (o"n1, *e +e&raye( *"! !%y "n&en&"on &o e!a$e $un"!*#en&

or *"! r"#e.

8*e &o&a%"&y o &*e a&! un#"!&a>a+%y +ear! &*e ear#ar>! o

#ora% &ur$"&u(e. By *"! on(u&, re!$on(en& re)ea%e( *"!e&re#e arro1ane an( ee%"n1 o !e%'"#$or&ane. A! "& -ere,

*e a&e( %">e a 1o( on &*e roa(, -*o (e!er)e( &o +e )enera&e(

an( ne)er &o +e !%"1*&e(. C%ear%y, *"! "nor("na&e rea&"on &o a

!"#$%e &ra" "n"(en& re%e&e( $oor%y on *"! "&ne!! &o +e a

#e#+er o &*e %e1a% $roe!!"on. "! o)errea&"on a%!o e)"ne(

)"n("&")ene!!, -*"* -a! (e"n"&e%y an un(e!"ra+%e &ra"& "n any

"n(")"(ua%, #ore !o "n a %a-yer. In &*e &ena"&y -"&* -*"* *e

$ur!ue( o#$%a"nan&, -e !ee no& &*e $er!"!&ene o a $er!on

-*o *a! +een 1r"e)ou!%y -ron1e(, +u& &*e o+!&"nay o one

&ry"n1 &o a!!er& a a%!e !en!e o !u$er"or"&y an( &o ea&

re)en1e.

I& "! a%!o 1%ar"n1%y %ear &*a& re!$on(en& !er"ou!%y &ran!1re!!e(

Canon o &*e Co(e o Proe!!"ona% Re!$on!"+"%"&y &*rou1* *"!"%%e1a% $o!!e!!"on o an un%"en!e( "rear# an( *"! un?u!&

reu!a% &o !a&"!y *"! ")"% %"a+"%"&"e!.

e *a! &*u! +raen%y )"o%a&e( &*e %a- an( ("!o+eye( &*e %a-u%

or(er! o &*e our&!. e re#"n( *"# &*a&, +o&* "n *"! a&&orney!

oa&* an( "n &*e Co(e o Proe!!"ona% Re!$on!"+"%"&y, *e +oun(

*"#!e% &o o+ey &*e %a-! o &*e %an(.

A%% &o%(, A&&y. D"on *a! !*o-n &*rou1* &*"! "n"(en& &*a& *e "!

-an&"n1 "n e)en a +a!" !en!e o ?u!&"e. e o+&a"ne( &*e

+ene)o%ene o &*e &r"a% our& -*en "& !u!$en(e( *"! !en&ene

an( 1ran&e( *"# $ro+a&"on. An( ye&, "& *a! +een our year!

!"ne *e -a! or(ere( &o !e&&%e *"! ")"% %"a+"%"&"e! &o o#$%a"nan&.

8o (a&e, re!$on(en& re#a"n! a(a#an& "n reu!"n1 &o u%"%% &*a&o+%"1a&"on. By *"! e&re#e "#$e&uo!"&y an( "n&o%erane, a!

!*o-n +y *"! )"o%en& rea&"on &o a !"#$%e &ra" a%&era&"on, *e

*a! &a>en a-ay &*e earn"n1 a$a"&y, 1oo( *ea%&*, an( you&*u%

)"1or o *"! )"&"#. S&"%%, A&&y. D"on +e1ru(1e! o#$%a"nan& &*e

#ea!%y a#oun& &*a& ou%( ne)er e)en u%%y re!&ore -*a& &*e

%a&&er *a! %o!&.

Con)"&"on or a r"#e "n)o%)"n1 #ora% &ur$"&u(e #ay re%a&e, no&

&o &*e eer"!e o &*e $roe!!"on o %a-yer!, +u& er&a"n%y &o

&*e"r 1oo( #ora% *ara&er. *ere &*e"r #"!on(u& ou&!"(e o

&*e"r $roe!!"ona% (ea%"n1! "! !o 1ro!! a! &o !*o- &*e# #ora%%y

un"& or &*e"r o"e an( un-or&*y o &*e $r")"%e1e! onerre(

u$on &*e# +y &*e"r %"en!e an( &*e %a-, &*e our& #ay +e

?u!&""e( "n !u!$en("n1 or re#o)"n1 &*e# ro# &*a& o"e.

e a%!o a(o$& &*e IBP! "n("n1 &*a& re!$on(en& ("!$%aye( an

u&&er %a> o 1oo( #ora% *ara&er, -*"* "! an e!!en&"a%

@ua%""a&"on or &*e $r")"%e1e &o en&er "n&o &*e $ra&"e o %a-.

oo( #ora% *ara&er "n%u(e! a& %ea!& o##on *one!&y.

In &*e a!e a& +ar, re!$on(en& on!"!&en&%y ("!$%aye( ("!*one!&

an( (u$%""&ou! +e*a)"or. A! oun( +y &*e &r"a% our&, *e *a(

!ou1*&, -"&* &*e a"( o "n1 an( +o"n1 *"#. 8*e "n?ur"e! *e !u!&a"ne(


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-ere !o #"nor &*a& "& "! "#$ro+a+%e, " no& (o-nr"1*&

un+e%"e)a+%e, &*a& &*ree $eo$%e -*o *e !a"( -ere +en& on

+ea&"n1 *"# &o (ea&* ou%( (o !o %"&&%e (a#a1e. On &*e

on&rary, *"! "n?ur"e! !u!&a"n &*e o#$%a"nan&=! )er!"on o &*e

"n"(en& $ar&"u%ar%y -*en *e !a"( &*a& *e +oe( &*e au!e(

on &*e *e!&. .

a-yer! #u!& +e #"n"!&er! o &ru&*. No #ora% @ua%""a&"on or

+ar #e#+er!*"$ "! #ore "#$or&an& &*an &ru&*u%ne!!. 8*er"1orou! e&*"! o &*e $roe!!"on $%ae! a $re#"u# on *one!&y

an( on(e#n! (u$%""&ou! +e*a)"or. ene, %a-yer! #u!& no&

#"!%ea( &*e our& or a%%o- "& &o +e #"!%e( +y any ar&""e. In a%%

&*e"r (ea%"n1!, &*ey are e$e&e( &o a& "n 1oo( a"&*.

8*e a&"on! o re!$on(en& ero(e ra&*er &*an en*ane $u+%"

$ere$&"on o &*e %e1a% $roe!!"on. 8*ey on!&"&u&e #ora%

&ur$"&u(e or -*"* *e !*ou%( +e ("!+arre(. a- "! a no+%e

$roe!!"on, an( &*e $r")"%e1e &o $ra&"e "& "! +e!&o-e( on%y

u$on "n(")"(ua%! -*o are o#$e&en& "n&e%%e&ua%%y, aa(e#"a%%y

an(, e@ua%%y "#$or&an&, #ora%%y. Beau!e &*ey are )an1uar(! o

&*e %a- an( &*e %e1a% !y!&e#, %a-yer! #u!& a& a%% &"#e! on(u&

&*e#!e%)e!, e!$e"a%%y "n &*e"r (ea%"n1! -"&* &*e"r %"en&! an(

&*e $u+%" a& %ar1e, -"&* *one!&y an( "n&e1r"&y "n a #anner+eyon( re$roa*.

8*e ore1o"n1 a+*orren& a&! o re!$on(en& are no& #ere%y

("!*onora+%e3 &*ey re)ea% a +a!" #ora% %a-. Con!"(er"n1 &*e

(e$ra)"&y o &*e oen!e *e o##"&&e(, -e "n( &*e $ena%&y

reo##en(e( +y &*e IBP $ro$er an( o##en!ura&e.

8*e $ur$o!e o a $roee("n1 or ("!+ar#en& "! &o $ro&e& &*e

a(#"n"!&ra&"on o ?u!&"e +y re@u"r"n1 &*a& &*o!e -*o eer"!e

&*"! "#$or&an& un&"on +e o#$e&en&, *onora+%e an( re%"a+%e ''

%a-yer! "n -*o# our&! an( %"en&! #ay re$o!e on"(ene.

8*u!, -*ene)er a %ear a!e o (e1enera&e an( )"%e +e*a)"or

("!&ur+! &*a& )"&a% ye& ra1"%e on"(ene, -e !*a%% no& *e!"&a&e &o

r"( our $roe!!"on o o("ou! #e#+er!.

e re#a"n a-are &*a& &*e $o-er &o ("!+ar #u!& +e eer"!e(

-"&* 1rea& au&"on, an( &*a& ("!+ar#en& !*ou%( ne)er +e

(eree( -*en any %e!!er $ena%&y -ou%( ao#$%"!* &*e en(

(e!"re(. In &*e "n!&an& a!e, *o-e)er, &*e Cour& anno& e&en(

&*a& #un""ene &o re!$on(en&. "! a&"on! !o (e!$"a+%y an(

-an&on%y ("!re1ar(e( *"! (u&"e! &o !o"e&y an( *"! $roe!!"on.

e are on)"ne( &*a& #e&"n1 ou& a %e!!er $ena%&y -ou%( +e

"rreon"%a+%e -"&* our %o&y a!$"ra&"on or &*e %e1a% $roe!!"on ''

&*a& e)ery %a-yer +e a !*"n"n1 ee#$%ar o &ru&* an( ?u!&"e.

e !&re!! &*a& #e#+er!*"$ "n &*e %e1a% $roe!!"on "! a

$r")"%e1e (e#an("n1 a *"1* (e1ree o 1oo( #ora% *ara&er,

no& on%y a! a on("&"on $ree(en& &o a(#"!!"on, +u& a%!o a! a

on&"nu"n1 re@u"re#en& or &*e $ra&"e o %a-. Sa(%y, *ere"n

re!$on(en& *a! a%%en !*or& o &*e ea&"n1 !&an(ar(! e$e&e(

o *"# a! a )an1uar( o &*e %e1a% $roe!!"on.

In !u#, -*en %a-yer! are on)"&e( o ru!&ra&e( *o#""(e, &*e

a&&en("n1 "ru#!&ane! no& &*e #ere a& o &*e"r on)"&"on

-ou%( (e#on!&ra&e &*e"r "&ne!! &o re#a"n "n &*e %e1a%

$roe!!"on. In &*e $re!en& a!e, &*e a$$a%%"n1 )"n("&")ene!!,

&rea*ery, an( +raen ("!*one!&y o re!$on(en& %ear%y !*o-

*"! un-or&*"ne!! &o on&"nue a! a #e#+er o &*e +ar.

EREORE, RESPONDEN8 MANUE DIGON "! *ere+y

DISBARRED, an( *"! na#e "! ORDERED S8RICHEN ro# &*e

Ro%% o A&&orney!. e& a o$y o &*"! De"!"on +e en&ere( "n *"!

reor( a! a #e#+er o &*e Bar3 an( %e& no&"e o &*e !a#e +e!er)e( on &*e In&e1ra&e( Bar o &*e P*"%"$$"ne!, an( on &*e

O"e o &*e Cour& A(#"n"!&ra&or or "ru%a&"on &o a%% our&! "n

&*e oun&ry.

SO ORDERED

EN BANC

ST. LOUIS UNI#ERSIT$ LABORATOR$ %I&% SC%OOL

'SLU-L%S( )ACULT$ an" STA)), Complainant,

- versus -

ATT$. ROLANO C. ELA CRU!, Respon"ent.

A.C. No. 600, Au1u!& 2, 2006

D E C I S I O N

CICO'NAGARIO, J.:

8*"! "! a ("!+ar#en& a!e "%e( +y &*e au%&y #e#+er! an(

S&a o &*e Sa"n& ou"! Un")er!"&y'a+ora&ory "1* S*oo%

/SU'S a1a"n!& A&&y. Ro%an(o C. De%a Cru, $r"n"$a% o

SU'S, $re("a&e( on &*e o%%o-"n1 1roun(!:

ro!! M"!on(u&:

ro# &*e reor(! o &*e a!e, "& a$$ear! &*a& &*ere "! a $en("n1

r"#"na% a!e or *"%( a+u!e a%%e1e(%y o##"&&e( +y *"#

a1a"n!& a *"1* !*oo% !&u(en& "%e( +eore &*e Pro!eu&or!

O"e o Ba1u"o C"&y3 a $en("n1 a(#"n"!&ra&")e a!e "%e( +y

&*e 8ea*er!, S&a, S&u(en&! an( Paren&! +eore an

In)e!&"1a&"n1 Boar( rea&e( +y SU or *"! a%%e1e(

un$roe!!"ona% an( une&*"a% a&! o #"!a$$ro$r"a&"n1 #oney

!u$$o!e(%y or &*e &ea*er!3 an( &*e $en("n1 %a+or a!e "%e(

+y SU'S au%&y +eore &*e NRC, Cor("%%era

A(#"n"!&ra&")e Re1"on, on a%%e1e( "%%e1a% (e(u&"on o !a%ary +y

re!$on(en&.

2 ro!!%y I##ora% Con(u&:

In on&ra&"n1 a !eon( #arr"a1e (e!$"&e &*e e"!&ene o *"!

"r!& #arr"a1e3 an(

4 Ma%$ra&"e:

In no&ar""n1 (ou#en&! (e!$"&e &*e e$"ra&"on o *"!

o##"!!"on.

Aor("n1 &o o#$%a"nan&, re!$on(en& -a! %e1a%%y #arr"e( &o

8ere!"&a R")era on 4 May 92 a& 8u+a, Ben1ue&, +eore &*e

&*en onora+%e Ju(1e 8o#a! . Maarana!. e &*erea&er

on&ra&e( a !u+!e@uen& #arr"a1e -"&* one Mary Jane

Pa!ua, +eore &*e onora+%e Ju(1e u"%%er#o Pur1anan. On

O&o+er 99, !a"( !eon( #arr"a1e -a! !u+!e@uen&%y

annu%%e( or +e"n1 +"1a#ou!.

On &*e *ar1e o #a%$ra&"e, o#$%a"nan& a%%e1e( &*a&

re!$on(en& (e%"+era&e%y !u+!r"+e( an( no&ar"e( er&a"n %e1a%

(ou#en&! on ("eren& (a&e! ro# 9 &o 997, (e!$"&e

e$"ra&"on o re!$on(en&! no&ar"a% o##"!!"on on 4Dee#+er 97. A Cer&""a&"on (a&e( 25 May 999 -a! "!!ue(

+y &*e C%er> o Cour& o Re1"ona% 8r"a% Cour& /R8C, Ba1u"o

C"&y, &o &*e ee& &*a& re!$on(en& *a( no& a$$%"e( or

o##"!!"on a! No&ary Pu+%" or an( "n &*e C"&y o Ba1u"o or

&*e $er"o( 9 &o 997. Re!$on(en& $eror#e( a&! o

no&ar"a&"on, a! e)"(ene( +y &*e o%%o-"n1 (ou#en&!:

. A"(a)"& o O-ner!*"$ (a&e( Mar* 99,

eeu&e( +y ernan(o 8. Ao!&a, !u+!r"+e( an( !-orn &o

+eore Ro%an(o De%a Cru3

2. A"(a)"& (a&e( 26 Se$&e#+er 992, eeu&e( +y

Mar"a Cor&e A&o!, !u+!r"+e( an( !-orn &o +eore Ro%an(o

De%a Cru3

4. A"(a)"& (a&e( January 992, eeu&e( +y

ano%e Ja#e! A. Meno!, !u+!r"+e( an( !-orn &o +eore

Ro%an(o De%a Cru3

. A"(a)"& (a&e( 24 Dee#+er 994, eeu&e( +y

Pon"ano


4/51

4

5. A+!o%u&e Da&e o Sa%e (a&e( 24 June 994,

eeu&e( +y Dan"%o ona%e! "n a)or o Sene"o C. Maran,

no&ar"e( +y Ro%an(o De%a Cru3

6. Jo"n& A"(a)"& By 8-o D"!"n*er"&e( Par&"e! (a&e( 5

Mar* 99, eeu&e( +y E)e%yn C. Canu%%a! an( Pa!&ora C.

8aa(ena, !u+!r"+e( an( !-orn &o +eore Ro%an(o De%a Cru3

7. S-orn S&a&e#en& (a&e( 4 May 99, eeu&e(+y e%"#on B. R"#or"n, !u+!r"+e( an( !-orn &o +eore

Ro%an(o De%a Cru3

. Dee( o Sa%e (a&e( 7 Au1u!& 99, eeu&e( +y

oo(ro- A$ura(o "n a)or o Ja"n&o Ba&ara, no&ar"e( +y

Ro%an(o De%a Cru3

9. Jo"n& A"(a)"& +y 8-o D"!"n&ere!&e( Par&"e! (a&e(

June 99, eeu&e( +y Pon"ano "n1 &*e

a$$ro$r"a&e %e1a% !&e$! &o *a)e &*e "r!& #arr"a1e annu%%e( "r!&,

*e +e !u!$en(e( ro# &*e $ra&"e o %a- or one / year, an(

+. or no&ar""n1 er&a"n %e1a% (ou#en&! (e!$"&e u%%

>no-%e(1e o &*e e$"ra&"on o *"! no&ar"a% o##"!!"on, *e +e

!u!$en(e( ro# &*e $ra&"e o %a- or ano&*er one / year or

or a &o&a% o &-o /2 year!.

On 7 Dee#+er 2005, &*e IBP Boar( o o)ernor!, a$$ro)e(

an( a(o$&e( &*e reo##en(a&"on o Co##"!!"oner Pa*eo,

&*u!:

RESO"n1

a$$ro$r"a&e %e1a% !&e$! &o *a)e &*e "r!& #arr"a1e annu%%e(, A&&y.

Ro%an(o C. (e%a Cru "! *ere+y SUSPENDED ro# &*e

$ra&"e o %a- or one / year an( or no&ar""n1 %e1a%(ou#en&! (e!$"&e u%% >no-%e(1e o &*e e$"ra&"on o *"!

no&ar"a% o##"!!"on A&&y. Ro%an(o C. (e%a Cru "!

SUSPENDED ro# &*e $ra&"e o %a- or ano&*er one / year,

or a &o&a% o &-o /2 year! Su!$en!"on ro# &*e $ra&"e o %a-.

8*"! Cour& "n(! &*e reo##en(a&"on o &*e IBP &o au%&

re!$on(en& -e%% &a>en, ee$& a! &o &*e $ena%&y on&a"ne(

&*ere"n.

A& &*e &*re!*o%(, "& "! -or&* !&re!!"n1 &*a& &*e $ra&"e o %a- "!

no& a r"1*& +u& a $r")"%e1e +e!&o-e( +y &*e S&a&e on &*o!e -*o

!*o- &*a& &*ey $o!!e!! &*e @ua%""a&"on! re@u"re( +y %a- or

&*e oner#en& o !u* $r")"%e1e. Me#+er!*"$ "n &*e +ar "! a

$r")"%e1e +ur(ene( -"&* on("&"on!. A %a-yer *a! &*e $r")"%e1e

an( r"1*& &o $ra&"e %a- on%y (ur"n1 1oo( +e*a)"or, an( *e an

+e (e$r")e( o "& or #"!on(u& a!er&a"ne( an( (e%are( +y

?u(1#en& o &*e our& a&er o$$or&un"&y &o +e *ear( *a! +een

aor(e( *"#. "&*ou& "n)a("n1 any on!&"&u&"ona% $r")"%e1e or

r"1*&, an a&&orney! r"1*& &o $ra&"e %a- #ay +e re!o%)e( +y a

$roee("n1 &o !u!$en(, +a!e( on on(u& ren(er"n1 *"# un"&

&o *o%( a %"en!e or &o eer"!e &*e (u&"e! an( re!$on!"+"%"&"e!

o an a&&orney. I& #u!& +e un(er!&oo( &*a& &*e $ur$o!e o

!u!$en("n1 or ("!+arr"n1 *"# a! an a&&orney "! &o re#o)e ro#

&*e $roe!!"on a $er!on -*o!e #"!on(u& *a! $ro)e( *"#

un"& &o +e en&ru!&e( -"&* &*e (u&"e! an( re!$on!"+"%"&"e!

+e%on1"n1 &o an o"e o a&&orney an(, &*u!, &o $ro&e& &*e

$u+%" an( &*o!e *ar1e( -"&* &*e a(#"n"!&ra&"on o ?u!&"e,

ra&*er &*an &o $un"!* an a&&orney. E%a+ora&"n1 on &*"!, -e !a"(on Ma%"1!a ). A&&y. Ca+an&"n1,9 &*a& &*e Bar !*ou%( #a"n&a"n

a *"1* !&an(ar( o %e1a% $ro""eny a! -e%% a! o *one!&y an(

a"r (ea%"n1. A %a-yer +r"n1! *onor &o &*e %e1a% $roe!!"on +y

a"&*u%%y $eror#"n1 *"! (u&"e! &o !o"e&y, &o &*e +ar, &o &*e

our&! an( &o *"! %"en&!. A #e#+er o &*e %e1a% ra&ern"&y

!*ou%( rera"n ro# (o"n1 any a& -*"* #"1*& %e!!en "n any

(e1ree &*e on"(ene an( &ru!& re$o!e( +y &*e $u+%" "n &*e

"(e%"&y, *one!&y an( "n&e1r"&y o &*e %e1a% $roe!!"on. 8o-ar(!

&*"! en(, an a&&orney #ay +e ("!+arre( or !u!$en(e( or any

)"o%a&"on o *"! oa&* or o *"! (u&"e! a! an a&&orney an(

oun!e%or, -*"* "n%u(e !&a&u&ory 1roun(! enu#era&e( "n

Se&"on 27, Ru%e 4 o &*e Ru%e! o Cour&, a%% o &*e!e +e"n1

+roa( enou1* &o o)er $ra&"a%%y any #"!on(u& o a %a-yer

"n *"! $roe!!"ona% or $r")a&e a$a"&y.

E@ua%%y -or&*y o re#ar> "! &*a& &*e %a- $roe!!"on (oe! no&

$re!r"+e a ("*o&o#y o !&an(ar(! a#on1 "&! #e#+er!. 8*ere

"! no ("!&"n&"on a! &o -*e&*er &*e &ran!1re!!"on "! o##"&&e(

"n &*e %a-yer! $roe!!"ona% a$a"&y or "n *"! $r")a&e %"e. 8*"! "!

+eau!e a %a-yer #ay no& (")"(e *"! $er!ona%"&y !o a! &o +e an

a&&orney a& one &"#e an( a #ere "&"en a& ano&*er. 8*u!, no&

on%y *"! $roe!!"ona% a&")"&"e! +u& e)en *"! $r")a&e %"e, "n!oar

a! &*e %a&&er #ay re%e& una)ora+%y u$on &*e 1oo( na#e an(


5/51

5

$re!&"1e o &*e $roe!!"on an( &*e our&!, #ay a& any &"#e +e

&*e !u+?e& o "n@u"ry on &*e $ar& o &*e $ro$er au&*or"&"e!.

One o &*e on("&"on! $r"or &o a(#"!!"on &o &*e +ar "! &*a& an

a$$%"an& #u!& $o!!e!! 1oo( #ora% *ara&er. Po!!e!!"on o

!u* #ora% *ara&er a! re@u"re#en& &o &*e en?oy#en& o &*e

$r")"%e1e o %a- $ra&"e #u!& +e on&"nuou!. O&*er-"!e,

#e#+er!*"$ "n &*e +ar #ay +e &er#"na&e( -*en a %a-yer

ea!e! &o *a)e 1oo( #ora% on(u&.

In &*e a!e a& +en*, &*ere "! no ("!$u&e &*a& re!$on(en& an(

8ere!"&a R")era on&ra&e( #arr"a1e on 4 May 92 +eore

Ju(1e 8o#a! . Maarana!. In %e!! &*an a year, &*ey $ar&e(

-ay! o-"n1 &o &*e"r "rreon"%a+%e ("erene! -"&*ou& !ee>"n1

?u(""a% reour!e. 8*e un"on +ore no o!$r"n1. A&er &*e"r

!e$ara&"on "n'a&, re!$on(en& ne)er >ne- &*e -*erea+ou&! o

8ere!"&a R")era !"ne *e *a( %o!& a%% or#! o o##un"a&"on

-"&* *er. Se)en year! &*erea&er, re!$on(en& +ea#e a&&ra&e(

&o one Mary Jane Pa!ua, -*o -a! a%!o a au%&y #e#+er o

SU'S. 8*ere "! a%!o no ("!$u&e o)er &*e a& &*a& "n 99,

re!$on(en& #arr"e( Mary Jane Pa!ua "n &*e Mun""$a% 8r"a%

Cour& /M8C o Ba1u"o C"&y, Bran* 6. Re!$on(en& e)en

a(#"&&e( &*"! a&. *en &*e !eon( #arr"a1e -a! en&ere("n&o, re!$on(en&! $r"or #arr"a1e -"&* 8ere!"&a R")era -a! !&"%%

!u+!"!&"n1, no a&"on *a)"n1 +een "n"&"a&e( +eore &*e our& &o

o+&a"n a ?u(""a% (e%ara&"on o nu%%"&y or annu%#en& o

re!$on(en&! $r"or #arr"a1e &o 8ere!"&a R")era or a ?u(""a%

(e%ara&"on o $re!u#$&")e (ea&* o 8ere!"&a R")era.

Re!$on(en& -a! a%rea(y a #e#+er o &*e Bar -*en *e

on&ra&e( &*e +"1a#ou! !eon( #arr"a1e "n 99, *a)"n1

+een a(#"&&e( &o &*e Bar "n 95. A! !u*, *e anno& e"1n

"1norane o &*e #an(a&e o &*e %a- &*a& +eore a !eon(

#arr"a1e #ay +e )a%"(%y on&ra&e(, &*e "r!& an( !u+!"!&"n1

#arr"a1e #u!& "r!& +e annu%%e( +y &*e a$$ro$r"a&e our&. 8*e

!eon( #arr"a1e -a! annu%%e( on%y on O&o+er 99 +eore

&*e R8C o Ben1ue&, Bran* 9, or a+ou& ")e year! a&erre!$on(en& on&ra&e( *"! !eon( #arr"a1e. 8*e annu%#en& o

re!$on(en&! !eon( #arr"a1e *a! no +ear"n1 &o &*e "n!&an&

("!+ar#en& $roee("n1. "r!&%y, a! ear%"er e#$*a!"e(, &*e

annu%#en& a#e a&er &*e re!$on(en&! !eon( +"1a#ou!

#arr"a1e. Seon(%y, a! -e *e%( "n In re: A%#aen, a ("!+ar#en&

a!e "! !u" 1ener"! or "& "! ne"&*er $ure%y ")"% nor $ure%y

r"#"na% +u& "! ra&*er an "n)e!&"1a&"on +y &*e our& "n&o &*e

on(u& o "&! o"er!. 8*u!, " &*e a@u"&&a% o a %a-yer "n a

r"#"na% a&"on "! no& (e&er#"na&")e o an a(#"n"!&ra&")e a!e

a1a"n!& *"#, or " an a"(a)"& o -"&*(ra-a% o a ("!+ar#en&

a!e (oe! no& ae& "&! our!e, &*en ne"&*er -"%% &*e ?u(1#en&

o annu%#en& o re!$on(en&! !eon( #arr"a1e a%!o eonera&e

*"# ro# a -ron1(o"n1 a&ua%%y o##"&&e(. So %on1 a! &*e

@uan&u# o $roo ' %ear $re$on(erane o e)"(ene ' "n

("!"$%"nary $roee("n1! a1a"n!& #e#+er! o &*e Bar "! #e&,

&*en %"a+"%"&y a&&a*e!.

Se&"on 27, Ru%e 4 o &*e Ru%e! o Cour& "&e! 1ro!!%y

"##ora% on(u& a! a 1roun( or ("!+ar#en&.

8*e Cour& *a! %a"( (o-n -"&* a o##on (e"n"&"on o -*a&

on!&"&u&e! "##ora% on(u&, )"!'')"!, 1ro!!%y "##ora% on(u&.

I##ora% on(u& "! &*a& on(u& -*"* "! -"%%u%, %a1ran&, or

!*a#e%e!!, an( -*"* !*o-! a #ora% "n("erene &o &*e

o$"n"on o &*e 1oo( an( re!$e&a+%e #e#+er! o &*e

o##un"&y an( -*a& "! 1ro!!%y "##ora%, &*a& "!, "& #u!& +e !o

orru$& an( a%!e a! &o on!&"&u&e a r"#"na% a& or !o

un$r"n"$%e( a! &o +e re$re*en!"+%e &o a *"1* (e1ree.

Un(ou+&e(%y, re!$on(en&! a& on!&"&u&e! "##ora% on(u&. Bu&

"! "& !o 1ro!! a! &o -arran& *"! ("!+ar#en& In(ee(, *e

e*"+"&e( a (e$%ora+%e %a> o &*a& (e1ree o #ora%"&y re@u"re(

o *"# a! a #e#+er o &*e Bar. In $ar&"u%ar, *e #a(e a

#o>ery o #arr"a1e -*"* "! a !are( "n!&"&u&"on (e#an("n1

re!$e& an( ("1n"&y. "! a& o on&ra&"n1 a !eon( #arr"a1e

-*"%e &*e "r!& #arr"a1e -a! !&"%% "n $%ae, "! on&rary &o *one!&y,

?u!&"e, (eeny an( #ora%"&y.

o-e)er, #ea!ure( a1a"n!& &*e (e"n"&"on, -e are no& $re$are(

&o on!"(er re!$on(en&! a& a! 1ro!!%y "##ora%. 8*"! "n(!

!u$$or& "n &*e o%%o-"n1 reo##en(a&"on an( o+!er)a&"on o

&*e IBP In)e!&"1a&or an( IBP Boar( o o)ernor!, &*u!:

8*e unon&e!&e( a!!er&"on! o &*e re!$on(en& +e%"e! any

"n&en&"on &o %aun& &*e %a- an( &*e *"1* #ora% !&an(ar( o &*e

%e1a% $roe!!"on, &o -"&:

a. A&er *"! "r!& a"%e( #arr"a1e an( $r"or &o *"! !eon(

#arr"a1e or or a $er"o( o a%#o!& !e)en /7 year!, *e *a! no&

+een ro#an&"a%%y "n)o%)e( -"&* any -o#an3

+. "! !eon( #arr"a1e -a! a !*o- o *"! no+%e "n&en&"on! an(

&o&a% %o)e or *"! -"e, -*o# *e (e!r"+e( &o +e )ery "n&e%%"1en&

$er!on3

. e ne)er a+!on(e( ro# *"! o+%"1a&"on! &o !u$$or& *"! -"e

an( *"%(3

(. e ne)er ("!%a"#e( $a&ern"&y o)er &*e *"%( an( *u!+an(ry

/!" -"&* re%a&"on &o *"! -"e3

e. A&er &*e annu%#en& o *"! !eon( #arr"a1e, &*ey *a)e$ar&e( -ay! -*en &*e #o&*er an( *"%( -en& &o Au!&ra%"a3

. S"ne &*en u$ &o no-, re!$on(en& re#a"ne( e%"+a&e.

In &*e a!e o 8erre ). 8erre, re!$on(en& -a! ("!+arre(

+eau!e *"! #ora% *ara&er -a! (ee$%y %a-e( a! !*o-n +y

&*e o%%o-"n1 "ru#!&ane!, )": *e on)"ne( &*e o#$%a"nan&

&*a& *er $r"or #arr"a1e &o Beren"%%a -a! nu%% an( )o"( a+ "n"&"o

an( &*a& !*e -a! %e1a%%y !"n1%e an( ree &o #arry *"#. *en

o#$%a"nan& an( re!$on(en& *a( on&ra&e( &*e"r #arr"a1e,

re!$on(en& -en& &*rou1* %a- !*oo% -*"%e +e"n1 !u$$or&e( +y

o#$%a"nan&, -"&* !o#e a!!"!&ane ro# re!$on(en&! $aren&!.

A&er re!$on(en& *a( "n"!*e( *"! %a- our!e an( 1o&&en

o#$%a"nan& $re1nan&, re!$on(en& a+an(one( &*e o#$%a"nan&-"&*ou& !u$$or& an( -"&*ou& &*e -*ere-"&*a% or (e%")er"n1 *"!

o-n *"%( !ae%y &o a *o!$"&a%.

In &*e a!e o Co?uan1o, Jr. ). Pa%#a, re!$on(en& -a! a%!o

("!+arre( or *"! 1ro!!%y "##ora% a&! !u* a!: "r!&, *e

a+an(one( *"! %a-u% -"e an( &*ree *"%(ren3 !eon(, *e %ure(

an "nnoen& youn1 -o#an "n&o #arry"n1 *"#3 &*"r(, *e

#"!$re!en&e( *"#!e% a! a +a*e%or !o *e ou%( on&ra&

#arr"a1e "n a ore"1n %an(3 an( our&*, *e a)a"%e( *"#!e% o

o#$%a"nan&! re!oure! +y !eur"n1 a $%ane &">e& ro#

o#$%a"nan&! o"e "n or(er &o #arry &*e %a&&er! (au1*&er. e

("( &*"! -"&*ou& o#$%a"nan&! >no-%e(1e. A&er-ar(!, *e e)en

*a( &*e &e#er"&y &o a!!ure o#$%a"nan& &*a& e)ery&*"n1 "! %e1a%.

Su* a&! are -an&"n1 "n &*e a!e a& +ar. In a&, no %e!! &*an

&*e re!$on(en& *"#!e% a>no-%e(1e( an( (e%are( *"! a+?e&

a$o%o1y or *"! #"!!&e$. e -a! *u#+%e enou1* &o oer no

(een!e !a)e or *"! %o)e an( (e%ara&"on o *"! o##"en& &o

*"! -"e an( *"%(.

Ba!e( on &*e rea!on! !&a&e( a+o)e, -e "n( &*e "#$o!"&"on o

("!+ar#en& u$on *"# &o +e un(u%y *ar!*. 8*e $o-er &o ("!+ar

#u!& +e eer"!e( -"&* 1rea& au&"on, an( #ay +e "#$o!e(

on%y "n a %ear a!e o #"!on(u& &*a& !er"ou!%y ae&! &*e

!&an("n1 an( *ara&er o &*e %a-yer a! an o"er o &*e Cour&.

D"!+ar#en& !*ou%( ne)er +e (eree( -*ere any %e!!er $ena%&y

ou%( ao#$%"!* &*e en( (e!"re(. In %"ne -"&* &*"! $*"%o!o$*y,

-e "n( &*a& a $ena%&y o &-o year! !u!$en!"on "! #ore

a$$ro$r"a&e. 8*e $ena%&y o one / year !u!$en!"on

reo##en(e( +y &*e IBP "! &oo %"1*& an( no& o##en!ura&e &o

&*e a& o##"&&e( +y re!$on(en&.


6/51

6

A! &o &*e *ar1e o #"!on(u& or *a)"n1 no&ar"e( !e)era%

(ou#en&! (ur"n1 &*e year! 9'997 a&er *"! o##"!!"on

a! no&ary $u+%" *a( e$"re(, re!$on(en& *u#+%y a(#"&&e(

*a)"n1 no&ar"e( er&a"n (ou#en&! (e!$"&e *"! >no-%e(1e &*a&

*e no %on1er *a( au&*or"&y &o (o !o. e, *o-e)er, a%%e1e( &*a&

*e ree")e( no $ay#en& "n no&ar""n1 !a"( (ou#en&!.

I& *a! +een e#$*a&"a%%y !&re!!e( &*a& no&ar"a&"on "! no& an

e#$&y, #ean"n1%e!!, rou&"nary a&. On &*e on&rary, "& "!"n)e!&e( -"&* !u+!&an&")e $u+%" "n&ere!&, !u* &*a& on%y &*o!e

-*o are @ua%""e( or au&*or"e( #ay a& a! no&ar"e! $u+%".

No&ar"a&"on o a $r")a&e (ou#en& on)er&! &*e (ou#en& "n&o

a $u+%" one #a>"n1 "& a(#"!!"+%e "n our& -"&*ou& ur&*er $roo

o "&! au&*en&""&y. A no&ar"a% (ou#en& "! +y %a- en&"&%e( &o u%%

a"&* an( re("& u$on "&! ae an(, or &*"! rea!on, no&ar"e!

$u+%" #u!& o+!er)e -"&* &*e uo!& are &*e +a!"

re@u"re#en&! "n &*e $eror#ane o &*e"r (u&"e!. O&*er-"!e, &*e

on"(ene o &*e $u+%" "n &*e "n&e1r"&y o &*"! or# o

on)eyane -ou%( +e un(er#"ne(.

8*e re@u"re#en&! or &*e "!!uane o a o##"!!"on a! no&ary

$u+%" #u!& no& +e &rea&e( a! a #ere a!ua% or#a%"&y. 8*e

Cour& *a! *ara&er"e( a %a-yer! a& o no&ar""n1 (ou#en&!-"&*ou& &*e re@u"!"&e o##"!!"on &o (o !o a! re$re*en!"+%e,

on!&"&u&"n1 a! "& (oe! no& on%y #a%$ra&"e +u& a%!o &*e

r"#e o a%!""a&"on o $u+%" (ou#en&!.

8*e Cour& *a( oa!"on &o !&a&e &*a& -*ere &*e no&ar"a&"on o

a (ou#en& "! (one +y a #e#+er o &*e P*"%"$$"ne Bar a& a

&"#e -*en *e *a! no au&*or"a&"on or o##"!!"on &o (o !o, &*e

oen(er #ay +e !u+?e&e( &o ("!"$%"nary a&"on or one,

$eror#"n1 a no&ar"a% a& -"&*ou& !u* o##"!!"on "! a )"o%a&"on

o &*e %a-yer! oa&* &o o+ey &*e %a-!, #ore !$e""a%%y, &*e

No&ar"a% a-. 8*en, &oo, +y #a>"n1 "& a$$ear &*a& *e "! (u%y

o##"!!"one( -*en *e "! no&, *e "!, or a%% %e1a% "n&en&! an(

$ur$o!e!, "n(u%1"n1 "n (e%"+era&e a%!e*oo(, -*"* &*e %a-yer!

oa&* !"#"%ar%y $ro!r"+e!. 8*e!e )"o%a&"on! a%% !@uare%y -"&*"n&*e $ro*"+"&"on o Ru%e .0 o Canon o &*e Co(e o

Proe!!"ona% Re!$on!"+"%"&y, -*"* $ro)"(e!: A %a-yer !*a%% no&

en1a1e "n un%a-u%, ("!*one!&, "##ora% or (ee"&u% on(u&. By

a&"n1 a! a no&ary $u+%" -"&*ou& &*e $ro$er o##"!!"on &o (o

!o, &*e %a-yer %">e-"!e )"o%a&e! Canon 7 o &*e !a#e Co(e,

-*"* ("re&! e)ery %a-yer &o u$*o%( a& a%% &"#e! &*e "n&e1r"&y

an( ("1n"&y o &*e %e1a% $roe!!"on.

In &*e a!e o Buen!ue!o ). Barera, a %a-yer -a! !u!$en(e(

or one year -*en *e no&ar"e( ")e (ou#en&! a&er *"!

o##"!!"on a! No&ary Pu+%" *a( e$"re(, &o -"&: a o#$%a"n&

or e?een&, a"(a)"&, !u$$%e#en&a% a"(a)"&, a (ee( o !a%e,

an( a on&ra& &o !e%%. u"(e( +y &*e $ronoune#en& "n !a"(

a!e, -e "n( &*a& a !u!$en!"on o &-o /2 year! "! ?u!&""e(un(er &*e "ru#!&ane!. ere"n re!$on(en& no&ar"e( a &o&a%

o our&een / (ou#en&! -"&*ou& &*e re@u"!"&e no&ar"a%

o##"!!"on.

O&*er *ar1e! on!&"&u&"n1 re!$on(en&! #"!on(u& !u* a!

&*e $en("n1 r"#"na% a!e or *"%( a+u!e a%%e1e(%y o##"&&e(

+y *"# a1a"n!& a *"1* !*oo% !&u(en& "%e( +eore &*e

Pro!eu&or! O"e o Ba1u"o C"&y3 &*e $en("n1 a(#"n"!&ra&")e

a!e "%e( +y &*e 8ea*er!, S&a, S&u(en&! an( Paren&! +eore

an In)e!&"1a&"n1 Boar( rea&e( +y SU3 an( &*e $en("n1 %a+or

a!e "%e( +y SU'S au%&y +eore &*e NRC, Cor("%%era

A(#"n"!&ra&")e Re1"on, on a%%e1e( "%%e1a% (e(u&"on o !a%ary +y

re!$on(en&, nee( no& +e ("!u!!e(, a! &*ey are !&"%% $en("n1

+eore &*e $ro$er oru#!. A& !u* !&a1e!, &*e $re!u#$&"on o"nnoene !&"%% $re)a"%! "n a)or o &*e re!$on(en&.

EREORE, "n("n1 re!$on(en& A&&y. Ro%an(o De%a Cru

1u"%&y o "##ora% on(u&, "n ("!re1ar( o &*e Co(e o

Proe!!"ona% Re!$on!"+"%"&y, *e "! *ere+y SUSPENDED ro#

&*e $ra&"e o %a- or a $er"o( o &-o /2 year!, an( ano&*er

&-o /2 year! or no&ar""n1 (ou#en&! (e!$"&e &*e e$"ra&"on o

*"! o##"!!"on or a &o&a% o our / year! o !u!$en!"on.

e& o$"e! o &*"! De"!"on +e urn"!*e( a%% &*e our&! o &*e

%an( &*rou1* &*e Cour& A(#"n"!&ra&or, a! -e%% a! &*e IBP, &*e

O"e o &*e Bar Con"(an&, an( reor(e( "n &*e $er!ona%

reor(! o &*e re!$on(en&.

SO ORDERED.

EN BANC

MAELOTISEA S. &ARRIO,

Complainant,

- versus -

ATT$S. AN&EL E. &ARRIO an" ROMANA *. #ALENCIA,

Respon"ents.

A.C. No. 6594

D E C I S I O N

PER CURIAM:

Mae%o&"!ea S"$"n arr"(o "%e( a o#$%a"n&'a"(a)"& an( a

!u$$%e#en&a% a"(a)"& or ("!+ar#en& a1a"n!& &*e re!$on(en&!

A&&y. An1e% E. arr"(o /A&&y. arr"(o an( A&&y. Ro#ana

P.


7/51

7

. 8*a& on May, 99, (ur"n1 #y %"1*& #o#en&! -"&* our

*"%(ren, one o #y (au1*&er!, Ma(e%e"ne on"(e( &o #e &*a&

!o#e&"#e on &*e %a&er $ar& o 97, an un>no-n a%%er &a%>e(

-"&* *er %a"#"n1 &*a& &*e or#er "! a *"%( o #y *u!+an(. I

"1nore( "& an( ("!#"!!e( "& a! a #ere ?o>e. Bu& -*en May

E%"a+e&*, a%!o one o #y (au1*&er! &o%( #e &*a& !o#e&"#e on

Au1u!& 990, !*e !a- #y *u!+an( !&ro%%"n1 a& &*e Ro+"n!on!

De$aren& S&ore a& Er#"&a, Man"%a &o1e&*er -"&* a -o#an an(

a *"%( -*o -a! %a&er "(en&""e( a! A&&y. Ra#ona Pa1u"(a

on1 !o#e&"#e on 97.

7. 8*a& on June 994, #y *u!+an( %e& our on?u1a% *o#e

an( ?o"ne( A&&y. Ra#ona Pa1u"(a ne- o &*e ro#an&" re%a&"on!*"$

+e&-een *er an( A&&y. arr"(o, a! &*ey /Mae%o&"!ea an( A&&y.

e$& !"%en& -*en &*"n1! -ere a)ora+%e an(

+ene""a% &o *er. A&&y. e-"!e (en"e( &*"! #o&"on.

On A$r"% 4, 200, In)e!&"1a&"n1 Co##"!!"oner M"%a1ro! ! re%"e -"&* &*"! Cour& &*rou1* &*e

$re!en& $e&"&"on or re)"e-. e !u+#"&! &*a& un(er &*e

"ru#!&ane!, *e ("( no& o##"& any 1ro!! "##ora%"&y &*a&

-ou%( -arran& *"! ("!+ar#en&. e a%!o ar1ue! &*a& &*e oen!e!

*ar1e( *a)e $re!r"+e( un(er &*e IBP ru%e!.

A(("&"ona%%y, A&&y. arr"(o $%ea(! &*a& *e +e a%%o-e( on

*u#an"&ar"an on!"(era&"on! &o re&a"n *"! $roe!!"on3 *e "!

a%rea(y "n &*e &-"%"1*& o *"! %"e, an( *a! >e$& *"! $ro#"!e &o

%ea( an u$r"1*& an( "rre$roa*a+%e %"e no&-"&*!&an("n1 *"!

!"&ua&"on.


8/51

8

In o#$%"ane -"&* our Re!o%u&"on (a&e( Au1u!& 25, 2009, A&&y.

A%""a A. R"!o!' o

@ua%""a&"on! or &*e )"o%a&"on o &*e !&an(ar(! or &*e $ra&"e

o %a-, %">e r"#"na% a!e!, "! a #a&&er o $u+%" onern &*a& &*e

S&a&e #ay "n@u"re "n&o &*rou1* &*"! Cour&. In &*"! !en!e, &*e

o#$%a"nan& "n a ("!+ar#en& a!e "! no& a ("re& $ar&y -*o!e

"n&ere!& "n &*e ou&o#e o &*e *ar1e "! -*o%%y *"! or *er o-n3

6 ee&")e%y, *"! or *er $ar&""$a&"on "! &*a& o a -"&ne!! -*o+rou1*& &*e #a&&er &o &*e a&&en&"on o &*e Cour&.

A! a$$%"e( &o &*e $re!en& a!e, &*e &"#e &*a& e%a$!e( +e&-een

&*e "##ora% a&! *ar1e( an( &*e "%"n1 o &*e o#$%a"n& "! no&

#a&er"a% "n on!"(er"n1 &*e @ua%""a&"on o A&&y. arr"(o -*en

*e a$$%"e( or a(#"!!"on &o &*e $ra&"e o %a-, an( *"!

on&"nu"n1 @ua%""a&"on &o +e a #e#+er o &*e %e1a% $roe!!"on.

ro# &*"! $er!$e&")e, "& "! no& "#$or&an& &*a& &*e a&!

o#$%a"ne( o -ere o##"&&e( +eore A&&y. arr"(o -a!

a(#"&&e( &o &*e $ra&"e o %a-. A! -e e$%a"ne( "n Ga1u"rre ).

Ca!&"%%o, &*e $o!!e!!"on o 1oo( #ora% *ara&er "! +o&* a

on("&"on $ree(en& an( a on&"nu"n1 re@u"re#en& &o -arran&a(#"!!"on &o &*e +ar an( &o re&a"n #e#+er!*"$ "n &*e %e1a%

$roe!!"on. A(#"!!"on &o &*e +ar (oe! no& $re%u(e a

!u+!e@uen& ?u(""a% "n@u"ry, u$on $ro$er o#$%a"n&, "n&o any

@ue!&"on onern"n1 &*e #en&a% or #ora% "&ne!! o &*e

re!$on(en& +eore *e +ea#e a %a-yer. A(#"!!"on &o &*e

$ra&"e on%y rea&e! &*e re+u&&a+%e $re!u#$&"on &*a& &*e

a$$%"an& *a! a%% &*e @ua%""a&"on! &o +eo#e a %a-yer3 &*"!

#ay +e reu&e( +y %ear an( on)"n"n1 e)"(ene &o &*e

on&rary e)en a&er a(#"!!"on &o &*e Bar.

Paren&*e&"a%%y, Ar&"%e e +eore

a(#"!!"on &o &*e $ra&"e o %a-.

In %"1*& o &*e $u+%" !er)"e *ara&er o &*e $ra&"e o %a- an(

&*e na&ure o ("!+ar#en& $roee("n1! a! a $u+%" "n&ere!&

onern, Mae%o&"!ea! a"(a)"& o (e!"!&ane anno& *a)e &*e

ee& o ("!on&"nu"n1 or a+a&"n1 &*e ("!+ar#en& $roee("n1!.

A! -e *a)e !&a&e(, Mae%o&"!ea "! #ore o a -"&ne!! &*an a

o#$%a"nan& "n &*e!e $roee("n1!. e no&e ur&*er &*a& !*e

"%e( *er a"(a)"&! o -"&*(ra-a% on%y a&er !*e *a( $re!en&e(

*er e)"(ene3 *er e)"(ene are no- a)a"%a+%e or &*e Cour&!

ea#"na&"on an( on!"(era&"on, an( &*e"r #er"&! are no&

ae&e( +y *er (e!"!&ane. e anno& a"% &o no&e, &oo, &*a&

Mea%o&"!ea "%e( *er a"(a)"& o (e!"!&ane, no& &o ("!o-n or

reu&e &*e e)"(ene !*e *a( !u+#"&&e(, +u& !o%e%y +eau!e o

o#$a!!"on /an(, "#$%"e(%y, ou& o onern or *er $er!ona%

"nan"a% "n&ere!& "n on&"nu"n1 r"en(%y re%a&"on! -"&* A&&y.

arr"(o.

I##ora% on(u& "n)o%)e! a&! &*a& are -"%%u%, %a1ran&, or

!*a#e%e!!, an( &*a& !*o- a #ora% "n("erene &o &*e o$"n"on

o &*e u$r"1*& an( re!$e&a+%e #e#+er! o &*e o##un"&y.20

I##ora% on(u& "! 1ro!! -*en "& "! !o orru$& a! &o on!&"&u&e

a r"#"na% a&, or !o un$r"n"$%e( a! &o +e re$re*en!"+%e &o a

*"1* (e1ree, or -*en o##"&&e( un(er !u* !an(a%ou! or

re)o%&"n1 "ru#!&ane! a! &o !*o> &*e o##un"&y! !en!e o

(eeny. e #a>e &*e!e ("!&"n&"on! a! &*e !u$re#e $ena%&y

o ("!+ar#en& ar"!"n1 ro# on(u& re@u"re! 1ro!!%y "##ora%,

no& !"#$%y "##ora%, on(u&.

In !e)era% a!e!, -e a$$%"e( &*e a+o)e !&an(ar( "n on!"(er"n1

%a-yer! -*o on&ra&e( an un%a-u% !eon( #arr"a1e or

#u%&"$%e #arr"a1e!.

In Maarru+o ). Maarru+o, &*e re!$on(en& %a-yer en&ere(

"n&o #u%&"$%e #arr"a1e! an( !u+!e@uen&%y u!e( %e1a% re#e("e!

&o !e)er &*e#. e ru%e( &*a& &*e re!$on(en&! $a&&ern o

#"!on(u& un(er#"ne( &*e "n!&"&u&"on! o #arr"a1e an( a#"%y

"n!&"&u&"on! &*a& &*"! !o"e&y %oo>! u$ &o or &*e rear"n1 o our

*"%(ren, or &*e (e)e%o$#en& o )a%ue! e!!en&"a% &o &*e !ur)")a%an( -e%%'+e"n1 o our o##un"&"e!, an( or &*e !&ren1&*en"n1 o

our na&"on a! a -*o%e. In &*"! %"1*&, no a&e o&*er &*an

("!+ar#en& a-a"&e( &*e -ay-ar( re!$on(en&.

In o 1oo( #ora% *ara&er re@u"re( +y &*e

Ru%e! o Cour& ("!@ua%""e( &*e re!$on(en& ro# a(#"!!"on &o

&*e Bar.

S"#"%ar &o on1. e oun(

&*a& &*e re!$on(en& e*"+"&e( a (e$%ora+%e %a> o &*a& (e1ree

o #ora%"&y re@u"re( o #e#+er! o &*e Bar. In $ar&"u%ar, *e

#a(e a #o>ery o #arr"a1e a !are( "n!&"&u&"on &*a& (e#an(!

re!$e& an( ("1n"&y. e a%!o (e%are( *"! a& o on&ra&"n1 a

!eon( #arr"a1e on&rary &o *one!&y, ?u!&"e, (eeny an(

#ora%"&y.

In &*"! a!e, &*e un("!$u&e( a&! 1a&*ere( ro# &*e e)"(ene

an( &*e a(#"!!"on! o A&&y. arr"(o e!&a+%"!*e( a $a&&ern o

1ro!! "##ora% on(u& &*a& -arran&! *"! ("!+ar#en&. "!

on(u& -a! no& on%y orru$& or un$r"n"$%e(3 "& -a!

re$re*en!"+%e &o &*e *"1*e!& (e1ree.

"r!&, A&&y. arr"(o a(#"&&e( &*a& *e %e& Con!&an"a &o $ur!ue

*"! %a- !&u("e!3 &*erea&er an( (ur"n1 &*e #arr"a1e, *e *a(

ro#an&" re%a&"on!*"$! -"&* o&*er -o#en. e *a( &*e 1a%% &o

re$re!en& &o &*"! Cour& &*a& &*e !&u(y o %a- -a! *"! rea!on or

%ea)"n1 *"! -"e3 #arr"a1e an( &*e !&u(y o %a- are no& #u&ua%%y

e%u!")e.

Seon(, *e #"!re$re!en&e( *"#!e% &o Mae%o&"!ea a! a

+a*e%or, -*en "n &ru&* *e -a! a%rea(y #arr"e( &o Con!&an"a.


9/51

9

26 8*"! -a! a #"!re$re!en&a&"on 1")en a! an eu!e &o %ure a

-o#an "n&o a $ro*"+"&e( re%a&"on!*"$.

8*"r(, A&&y. arr"(o on&ra&e( *"! !eon( #arr"a1e -"&*

Mae%o&"!ea no&-"&*!&an("n1 &*e !u+!"!&ene o *"! "r!&

#arr"a1e. 8*"! -a! an o$en a(#"!!"on, no& on%y o an "%%e1a%

%"a"!on, +u& o &*e o##"!!"on o a r"#e.

our&*, A&&y. arr"(o en1a1e( "n an e&ra'#ar"&a% aa"r -"&*A&&y. "n1 "n&o on!"(era&"on &*e #ora% an( e#o&"ona%

"#$%"a&"on! o *"! a&"on! on &*e &-o -o#en *e &oo> a! -")e!

an( on *"! !" /6 *"%(ren +y *"! !eon( #arr"a1e.

"&*, "n!&ea( o #a>"n1 %e1a% a#en(! &o )a%"(a&e *"! #arr"a1e

-"&* Mae%o&"!ea u$on &*e (ea&* o Con!&an"a, A&&y. arr"(o

#arr"e( A&&y. no-%e(1e an(

on)"ne( A&&y.


10/51

10

*"#, u$on &*e (ea&* o Con!&an"a, a-ay ro# %e1"&"#""n1 *"!

re%a&"on!*"$ -"&* Mae%o&"!ea an( &*e"r *"%(ren. or!e &*an

&*"!, +eau!e o A&&y. on1 #arr"a1e a

%an(e!&"ne #arr"a1e, on&rary &o &*e "%"$"no &ra("&"on o

e%e+ra&"n1 a #arr"a1e &o1e&*er -"&* a#"%y. De!$"&e A&&y.

on1 %ea(! u! &o &*e o$$o!"&e on%u!"on3 &*ey -an&e( &o

#arry "n on1>on1 or &*e a((e( !eur"&y o a)o"("n1 any

*ar1e o +"1a#y +y en&er"n1 "n&o &*e !u+!e@uen& #arr"a1e

ou&!"(e P*"%"$$"ne ?ur"!("&"on. In &*"! re1ar(, -e anno& *e%$

+u& no&e &*a& A&&y. "n1 &*e o##un"&y! !en!e o (eeny3 -*"%e !*e

$roe!!e( &o +e &*e %a-u%%y -e((e( -"e, !*e *e%$e( &*e

!eon( a#"%y +u"%( a *ou!e $r"or &o *er #arr"a1e &o A&&y.

arr"(o, an( ("( no& o+?e& &o !*ar"n1 *er *u!+an( -"&* &*e

-o#an o *"! !eon( #arr"a1e.

e "n( &*a& A&&y. e #anner, A&&y. o Cour& "! ("re&e( &o !&r">e ou& &*e na#e! o An1e%

E. arr"(o an( Ro-ena P.


11/51

11

EN BANC

*ACITA CAALIM-#ER!ONILLA,

Complainant,

- versus -

ATT$. #ICTORIANO &. *ASCUA, Respon"ent.

A.C. No. 6655, O&o+er , 20

DECISION

"

an( S*"r%ey M"$an1a. 8*e !eon( (ee(4-a! or a

on!"(era&"on o P,000,000 an( a$$ear! &o *a)e +een

eeu&e( +y an( or &*e +ene"& o &*e !a#e $ar&"e! a! &*e "r!&

(ee(. 8*e &-o (ee(! *a)e "(en&"a% re1"!&ra&"on nu#+er!, $a1e

nu#+er! an( +oo> nu#+er! "n &*e no&ar"a% $or&"on.

Co#$%a"nan& a)er! &*a& +o&* (ee(! are !$ur"ou! +eau!e a%%

&*e *e"r! !"1na&ure! -ere a%!""e(. S*e on&en(! &*a& *er !"!&er

Mar")"n"a (oe! no& >no- *o- &o !"1n *er na#e an( -a!

on"ne( a& &*e Ca1ayan e(

-*ere Mar")"n"a -a!, +u& Car"(a( &o%( *"# &*a& Mar")"n"a

re#a"ne( *o#e a! !*e -a! no& ee%"n1 -e%%. A! Car"(a(a!!ure( *"# &*a& &*ey -"%% e&* Mar")"n"a a&er &*e (ee( o

on)eyane "! $re$are(, *e $roee(e( &o a!> &*e $ar&"e! &o

$re!en& &*e"r C8C!. Car"(a( an( Pa"&a, *o-e)er, &o%( *"# &*a&

&*ey *a)e no& !eure( &*e"r C8C! -*"%e -"&* &*e C8C! o

Car"(a(, no-%e(1"n1 &*e "n!&ru#en& an( "&!

on&en&! a! &*e"r o-n ree an( )o%un&ary a& an( (ee(. 8*u!,

*e no&ar"e( &*e (ou#en& an( &*en 1a)e &*e or"1"na% an( &-oar+on o$"e! &o S*"r%ey -*"%e %ea)"n1 &-o "n *"! $o!!e!!"on.

Re!$on(en& a((! &*a& S*"r%ey &*erea&er a!>e( *"# -*a& !&e$!

-ere nee(e( &o ee& re1"!&ra&"on o &*e (ee( an( &ran!er o

&*e &"&%e "n *er an( *er *u!+an(! na#e. e re$%"e( &*a& a%% &*e

un$a"( %an( &ae! !*ou%( +e $a"( "n%u("n1 &*e a$"&a% 1a"n!

&a, (ou#en&ary !&a#$ &ae! an( e!&a&e &a &o &*e Bureau o

In&erna% Re)enue /BIR -*"* -"%% &*en "!!ue &*e nee!!ary

%earane or re1"!&ra&"on. *en a!>e( *o- #u* &ae! are


12/51

12

$aya+%e, *e re$%"e( &*a& "& (e$en(! on &*e a!!e!!#en& o &*e

BIR ea#"ner -*"* -"%% +e +a!e( on &*e ona% )a%ue or !e%%"n1

$r"e !&a&e( "n &*e (ee( o !a%e. e a((e( &*a& &*e e!&a&e &ae!

(ue, -"&* "n&ere!&! an( !ur*ar1e!, -ou%( a%!o *a)e &o +e $a"(.

S"ne &*e on!"(era&"on or &*e !a%e "! P,000,000, &*e &ae!

$aya+%e -a! @u"&e enor#ou!. S*"r%ey a!>e( *"# -*o +e&-een

&*e )en(or an( &*e )en(ee !*ou%( $ay &*e &ae!, an( *e

re$%"e( &*a& un(er &*e %a-, "& "! &*e o+%"1a&"on o &*e )en(or! &o

$ay !a"( &ae! +u& "& !&"%% (e$en(! u$on &*e a1ree#en& o &*e

$ar&"e!. e a!>e( " &*ere -a! a%rea(y an a1ree#en& on &*e

#a&&er, +u& &*e $ar&"e! re$%"e( "n &*e ne1a&")e.

S*"r%ey &*en &o%( &*e )en(or! &*a& &*ey !*ou%( !*ou%(er &*e

$ay#en& o &ae!. Car"(a( an( *er o')en(or!, *o-e)er,

reu!e( an( !a"( &*a& a +"1 $or&"on o &*e P,000,000 $a"( &o

&*e# -a! a%rea(y u!e( +y &*e# &o $ay an( !e&&%e &*e"r o&*er

o+%"1a&"on!. S*"r%ey &*en oere( &o $ay one'*a% o -*a&e)er

a#oun& &*e BIR -"%% a!!e!!, +u& Car"(a( "n!"!&e( &*a& ano&*er

(ou#en& +e $re$are( !&a&"n1 a re(ue( !e%%"n1 $r"e o on%y

P250,000 !o &*a& &*ey nee( no& on&r"+u&e &o &*e $ay#en& o

&ae! !"ne S*"r%ey -a! any-ay a%rea(y -"%%"n1 &o $ay one'*a%

o &*e &ae! +a!e( on &*e !e%%"n1 $r"e !&a&e( "n &*e "r!& (ee(.

8*"! re!u%&e( "n a *ea&e( ("!u!!"on +e&-een &*e $ar&"e!,

-*"* -a!, *o-e)er, %a&er re!o%)e( +y an a1ree#en& &o

eeu&e a !eon( (ee(. 8*e $ro!$e& o $re$ar"n1 an

a(("&"ona% (ee(, *o-e)er, "rr"&a&e( re!$on(en& a! "& #ean&

a(("&"ona% -or> or *"#. 8*u!, re!$on(en& -en& *o#e.

a&er, &*e $ar&"e! )"!"&e( re!$on(en& a& *"! *ou!e an( $%ea(e(

-"&* *"# &o $re$are &*e !eon( (ee( -"&* &*e re(ue( !e%%"n1

$r"e. Mo)e( +y *"! *u#ane an( o#$a!!"ona&e ("!$o!"&"on,

re!$on(en& 1a)e "n &o &*e $ar&"e! $%ea.

In &*e $re!ene o a%% &*e *e"r!, &*e )en(ee! an( &*e

"n!&ru#en&a% -"&ne!!e!, re!$on(en& $re$are( an( no&ar"e( &*e

!eon( (ee( $ro)"("n1 or &*e %o-er on!"(era&"on o on%y

P250,000. e u!e( &*e !a#e (ou#en& nu#+er, $a1e nu#+eran( +oo> nu#+er "n &*e no&ar"a% $or&"on a! &*e "r!& (ee(

+eau!e aor("n1 &o *"#, &*e !eon( (ee( -a! "n&en(e( +y

&*e $ar&"e! &o !u$$%an& &*e "r!&.

Re!$on(en& (en"e! o#$%a"nan&! a!!er&"on! &*a& &*e &-o

(ee(! are !"#u%a&e( an( a%!""e(, a)err"n1 &*a& a! !&a&e(

a+o)e, a%% &*e $ar&"e! a>no-%e(1e( &*e !a#e +eore *"#.

">e-"!e, *e an( *"! %"en&!, &*e !$ou!e! Ma(>" an( S*"r%ey

M"$an1a, $re!en&e( &*e !u+?e& (ee(! a! e*"+"&! "n C")"% Ca!e

No. 276'S a%!o $en("n1 +eore &*e Re1"ona% 8r"a% Cour&

/R8C, Bran* 2, o San*e M"ra, Ca1ayan.

A! &o &*e a%%e1a&"on &*a& Mar")"n"a ("( no& a$$ear +eore *"# a!

!*e -a! a%%e1e(%y un(er on"ne#en& a& &*e Ca1ayan . ernan(o oun( re!$on(en&

a(#"n"!&ra&")e%y %"a+%e on aoun& o *"! "n("!$en!a+%e

$ar&""$a&"on "n an a& (e!"1ne( &o (erau( &*e 1o)ern#en&. e

reo##en(e( &*a& re!$on(en& +e !u!$en(e( ro# &*e $ra&"e

o %a- or &*ree #on&*! an( &*a& *"! no&ar"a% o##"!!"on, " !&"%%

e"!&"n1, +e re)o>e( an( &*a& re!$on(en& +e $ro*"+"&e( ro#

+e"n1 o##"!!"one( a! a no&ary $u+%" or &-o year!.

Aor("n1 &o Co##"!!"oner ernan(o, re!$on(en& ("( no& oer

any &ena+%e (een!e &o ?u!&"y *"! a&"on!. A! a no&ary, "& -a!

*"! re!$on!"+"%"&y &o en!ure &*a& &*e !o%e#n"&"e! o &*e a& o

no&ar"a&"on -ere o%%o-e(. A! a %a-yer, "& -a! %">e-"!e

"nu#+en& u$on *"# &*a& &*e (ou#en& *e (ra&e( an(

!u+!e@uen&%y no&ar"e( -a! ne"&*er un%a-u% nor rau(u%en&.

Co##"!!"oner ernan(o ru%e( &*a& re!$on(en& a"%e( on +o&*

oun&! !"ne *e (ra&e( a (ou#en& &*a& re%e&e( an un&ru&*u%

on!"(era&"on &*a& !er)e( &o re(ue un%a-u%%y &*e &a (ue &o

&*e 1o)ern#en&. 8*en *e o#$%e&e( &*e a& +y %">e-"!e

no&ar""n1 an( &*u! on)er&"n1 &*e (ou#en& "n&o a $u+%"

(ou#en&.

On June 26, 2007, &*e IBP Boar( o o)ernor! a(o$&e( an(

a$$ro)e( Co##"!!"oner ernan(o! re$or& an(

reo##en(a&"on +u& "#$o!e( a *"1*er $ena%&y on re!$on(en&.

I&! Re!o%u&"on No. ;en.

By re!$on(en&! o-n aoun& o &*e "ru#!&ane! !urroun("n1

&*e eeu&"on an( no&ar"a&"on o &*e !u+?e& (ee(! o !a%e,

&*ere "! a %ear +a!"! or ("!"$%"n"n1 *"# a! a #e#+er o &*e

+ar an( a! no&ary $u+%".

Re!$on(en& ("( no& (eny $re$ar"n1 an( no&ar""n1 &*e !u+?e&

(ee(!. e a)er! &*a& &*e &rue on!"(era&"on or &*e &ran!a&"on

"! P,000,000 a! a%%e1e(%y a1ree( u$on +y &*e $ar&"e! -*en

&*ey a$$eare( +eore *"# or &*e $re$ara&"on o &*e "r!&

(ou#en& a! -e%% a! &*e no&ar"a&"on &*ereo. e &*en %a"#e(

&o *a)e +een #o)e( +y *"! *u#ane an( o#$a!!"ona&e

("!$o!"&"on -*en *e ae(e( &o &*e $ar&"e! $%ea &*a& *e

$re$are an( no&ar"e &*e !eon( (ee( -"&* a %o-er

on!"(era&"on o P250,000 "n or(er &o re(ue &*e

orre!$on("n1 &a %"a+"%"&y. o-e)er, a! no&e( +y

Co##"!!"oner ernan(o, &*e &-o (ee(! -ere u!e( +y

re!$on(en& an( *"! %"en& a! e)"(ene "n a ?u(""a% $roee("n1

/C")"% Ca!e No. 267'S, -*"* on%y #ean& &*a& +o&*(ou#en&! !&"%% !u+!"!& an( *ene on&rary &o re!$on(en&!

on&en&"on &*a& &*e !eon( (ee( re%e&"n1 a %o-er

on!"(era&"on -a! "n&en(e( &o !u$er!e(e &*e "r!& (ee(.

A! &o &*e *ar1e o a%!""a&"on, &*e Cour& "n(! &*a& &*e

(ou#en&! annee( &o &*e $re!en& o#$%a"n& are "n!u""en&

or u! &o on%u(e &*a& &*e !u+?e& (ee(! -ere "n(ee( a%!""e(

an( a+!o%u&e%y !"#u%a&e(. e *a)e $re)"ou!%y ru%e( &*a& a

(ee( o !a%e &*a& a%%e1e(%y !&a&e! a $r"e %o-er &*an &*e &rue

on!"(era&"on "! none&*e%e!! +"n("n1 +e&-een &*e $ar&"e! an(

&*e"r !ue!!or! "n "n&ere!&.4 Co#$%a"nan&, *o-e)er, "r#%y

#a"n&a"n! &*a& !*e an( *er o'*e"r! *a( no $ar&""$a&"on

-*a&!oe)er "n &*e eeu&"on o &*e !u+?e& (ee(!. In any e)en&,

&*e "!!ue! o or1ery, !"#u%a&"on an( rau( ra"!e( +y &*eo#$%a"nan& "n &*"! $roee("n1 a$$aren&%y are !&"%% &o +e

re!o%)e( "n &*e $en("n1 !u"& "%e( +y &*e o#$%a"nan& an( *er

o'*e"r! or annu%#en& o &*e !a"( (ou#en&! /C")"% Ca!e No.

246'S.

"&* *"! a(#"!!"on &*a& *e (ra&e( an( no&ar"e( ano&*er

"n!&ru#en& &*a& ("( no& !&a&e &*e &rue on!"(era&"on o &*e !a%e

!o a! &o re(ue &*e a$"&a% 1a"n! an( o&*er &ae! (ue on &*e

&ran!a&"on, re!$on(en& anno& e!a$e %"a+"%"&y or #a>"n1 an


13/51

13

un&ru&*u% !&a&e#en& "n a $u+%" (ou#en& or an un%a-u%

$ur$o!e. A! &*e !eon( (ee( "n("a&e( an a#oun& #u* %o-er

&*an &*e a&ua% $r"e $a"( or &*e $ro$er&y !o%(, re!$on(en&

a+e&&e( "n (e$r")"n1 &*e o)ern#en& o &*e r"1*& &o o%%e& &*e

orre& &ae! (ue. "! a& %ear%y )"o%a&e( Ru%e .02, Canon

o &*e Co(e o Proe!!"ona% Re!$on!"+"%"&y -*"* rea(!:

CANON A AKER SA UPOD 8E CONS8I8U8ION,

OBEK 8E AS O 8E AND AND PROMO8E RESPEC8OR A AND EA PROCESSES.

;

Ru%e .02. A %a-yer !*a%% no& oun!e% or a+e& a&")"&"e! a"#e( a&

(e"ane o &*e %a- or a& %e!!en"n1 on"(ene "n &*e %e1a%

!y!&e#.

No& on%y ("( re!$on(en& a!!"!& &*e on&ra&"n1 $ar&"e! "n an

a&")"&y a"#e( a& (e"ane o &*e %a-, *e %">e-"!e ("!$%aye( %a>

o re!$e& or an( #a(e a #o>ery o &*e !o%e#n"&y o &*e oa&*

"n an A>no-%e(1#en&. By no&ar""n1 !u* "%%e1a% an(

rau(u%en& (ou#en&, *e "! en&"&%"n1 "& u%% a"&* an( re("& u$on

"&! ae, -*"* "& o+)"ou!%y (oe! no& (e!er)e on!"(er"n1 "&!

na&ure an( $ur$o!e.

In ona%e! ). Ra#o!, -e e%u"(a&e( on *o- "#$or&an&

an( !aro!an& &*e no&ar"a% a& "!:

By a""n1 *"! no&ar"a% !ea% on &*e "n!&ru#en&, &*e re!$on(en&

on)er&e( &*e Dee( o A+!o%u&e Sa%e, ro# a $r")a&e (ou#en&

"n&o a $u+%" (ou#en&. Su* a& "! no e#$&y 1e!&ure. 8*e

$r"n"$a% un&"on o a no&ary $u+%" "! &o au&*en&"a&e

(ou#en&!. *en a no&ary $u+%" er&""e! &o &*e (ue eeu&"on

an( (e%")ery o a (ou#en& un(er *"! *an( an( !ea%, *e 1")e!

&*e (ou#en& &*e ore o e)"(ene. In(ee(, one o &*e

$ur$o!e! o re@u"r"n1 (ou#en&! &o +e a>no-%e(1e( +eore a

no&ary $u+%", "n a(("&"on &o &*e !o%e#n"&y -*"* !*ou%(

!urroun( &*e eeu&"on an( (e%")ery o (ou#en&!, "! &oau&*or"e !u* (ou#en&! &o +e 1")en -"&*ou& ur&*er $roo o

&*e"r eeu&"on an( (e%")ery. A no&ar"a% (ou#en& "! +y %a-

en&"&%e( &o u%% a"&* an( re("& u$on "&! ae. Cour&!,

a(#"n"!&ra&")e a1en"e! an( &*e $u+%" a& %ar1e #u!& +e a+%e &o

re%y u$on &*e a>no-%e(1e#en& eeu&e( +eore a no&ary

$u+%" an( a$$en(e( &o a $r")a&e "n!&ru#en&. ene, a no&ary

$u+%" #u!& ("!*ar1e *"! $o-er! an( (u&"e!, -*"* are

"#$re!!e( -"&* $u+%" "n&ere!&, -"&* auray an( "(e%"&y.5

Moreo)er, -*"%e re!$on(en&! (u&y a! a no&ary $u+%" "!

$r"n"$a%%y &o a!er&a"n &*e "(en&"&y o &*e a"an& an( &*e

)o%un&ar"ne!! o &*e (e%ara&"on, "& "! ne)er&*e%e!! "nu#+en&

u$on *"# &o 1uar( a1a"n!& any "%%e1a% or "##ora% arran1e#en&

or a& %ea!& rera"n ro# +e"n1 a $ar&y &o "&! on!u##a&"on.6Ru%e I nu#+er a! "n &*e

"r!& (ee(, rea!on"n1 &*a& &*e !eon( (ee( -a! "n&en(e( &o

!u$$%an& an( ane% &*e "r!& (ee(. e &*ereore >no-"n1%y

)"o%a&e( &*e a+o)e ru%e, "n ur&*erane o *"! %"en&! "n&en&"on o

onea%"n1 &*e a&ua% $ur*a!e $r"e !o a! &o a)o"( $ay"n1 &*e

&ae! r"1*&%y (ue &o &*e o)ern#en&.

E)en a!!u#"n1 &*a& &*e !eon( (ee( -a! rea%%y "n&en(e( &o

re%e& &*e &rue a1ree#en& o &*e $ar&"e! an( *ene

!u$er!e("n1 &*e "r!& (ee( &*ey *a( eeu&e(, re!$on(en&

re#a"n! %"a+%e un(er &*e aore'"&e( Se&"on 2/e -*"*

re@u"re! &*a& ea* "n!&ru#en& or (ou#en&, eeu&e(, !-orn

&o, or a>no-%e(1e( +eore &*e no&ary $u+%" !*a%% +e 1")en a

nu#+er orre!$on("n1 &o &*e one "n *"! re1"!&er. Sa"( ru%e "!no& onerne( -"&* &*e )a%"("&y or e"ay o &*e (ou#en& or

"n!&ru#en& reor(e( +u& #ere%y &o en!ure &*e auray an(

"n&e1r"&y o &*e en&r"e! "n &*e no&ar"a% re1"!&er.

A %a-yer #ay +e !u!$en(e( or ("!+arre( or any #"!on(u&

!*o-"n1 any au%& or (e""eny "n *"! #ora% *ara&er, *one!&y,

$ro+"&y or 1oo( (e#eanor.9 Se&"on 27, Ru%e 4 o &*e

Re)"!e( Ru%e! o Cour& $ro)"(e!:

SEC. 27. D"!+ar#en& or !u!$en!"on o a&&orney! +y Su$re#e

Cour&, 1roun(! *ereore. A #e#+er o &*e +ar #ay +e

("!+arre( or !u!$en(e( ro# *"! o"e a! a&&orney +y &*e

Su$re#e Cour& or any (ee"&, #a%$ra&"e, or o&*er 1ro!!

#"!on(u& "n !u* o"e, 1ro!!%y "##ora% on(u&, or +yrea!on o *"! on)"&"on o a r"#e "n)o%)"n1 #ora% &ur$"&u(e, o

or any )"o%a&"on o &*e oa&* -*"* *e "! re@u"re( &o &a>e +eore

a(#"!!"on &o $ra&"e, or or a -"%%u% ("!o+e("ene a$$ear"n1

a! an a&&orney or a $ar&y &o a a!e -"&*ou& au&*or"&y !o &o (o.

8*e $ra&"e o !o%""&"n1 a!e! a& %a- or &*e $ur$o!e o 1a"n,

e"&*er $er!ona%%y or &*rou1* $a"( a1en&! or +ro>er!, on!&"&u&e!

#a%$ra&"e.

;

In ona%e!, &*e no&ary $u+%" -*o no&ar"e( &*e (ou#en&

(e!$"&e &*e non'a$$earane o one o &*e !"1na&or"e! -a!

#e&e( &*e $ena%&"e! o re)oa&"on o *"! no&ar"a% o##"!!"on

an( ("!@ua%""a&"on ro# re'a$$o"nen& or &-o year!. 8*e

no&ary "n ona%e! -a! %">e-"!e !u!$en(e( ro# &*e $ra&"e

o %a- or one year. Sa"( $ena%&y -a! "n aor( -"&* &*e a!e!

o Bon ). G"1a,20Sero ). %ore!,2Ga+a%%ero ).

Mon&a%)an22 an( 8a+a! ). Man1"+"n.24 8*e Cour& oun( &*a&

+y no&ar""n1 &*e @ue!&"one( (ee(, &*e re!$on(en& "n ona%e!

en1a1e( "n un%a-u%, ("!*one!&, "##ora% or (ee"&u% on(u&.

2


14/51

14

In &*e "n!&an& a!e, -e *o%( &*a& re!$on(en& !*ou%( !"#"%ar%y +e

#e&e( &*e $ena%&y o !u!$en!"on an( re)oa&"on o *"! no&ar"a%

o##"!!"on or *a)"n1 )"o%a&e( &*e 200 Ru%e! on No&ar"a%

Pra&"e. In %"ne -"&*urren& ?ur"!$ru(ene, an( a!

reo##en(e( +y &*e IBP Boar( o o)ernor!, &*e re)oa&"on

o *"! no&ar"a% o##"!!"on an( ("!@ua%""a&"on ro# re'

a$$o"nen& a! no&ary $u+%" or &-o year! "! "n or(er.

"&* re!$e&, *o-e)er, &o *"! !u!$en!"on ro# &*e $ra&"e o%a-, -e *o%( &*a& &*e one'year !u!$en!"on "#$o!e( "n

ona%e! an( &*e o&*er a!e! "! no& a$$%"a+%e on!"(er"n1

&*a& re!$on(en& no& on%y a"%e( &o a"&*u%%y o#$%y -"&* &*e

ru%e! on no&ar"a% $ra&"e, *e a%!o )"o%a&e( *"! oa&* -*en *e

$re$are( an( no&ar"e( &*e !eon( (ee( or &*e $ur$o!e o

a)o"("n1 &*e $ay#en& o orre& a#oun& o &ae!, &*u! a+e&&"n1

an a&")"&y a"#e( a& (e"ane o &*e %a-. Un(er &*e!e

"ru#!&ane!, -e "n( &*e &-o'year !u!$en!"on reo##en(e(

+y &*e IBP Boar( o o)ernor! a! $ro$er an( o##en!ura&e

&o &*e "nra&"on o##"&&e( +y re!$on(en&.

EREORE, re!$on(en& A88K. anya'>anya n1

a#"n1 #1a +u*ay n1 -a%an1 $a>"a%a#an, >un1 >aya& +a-a&"!a !a a#"n ay #aaar" n1 *u#ana$ n1 #a>a>a!a#a !a +u*ay3

2. Na an1 a#"n1 #1a ana> na !"na Ar"e% Jo*n E!$"no!a,

na &aon1 1u%an13 A"a E!$"no!a, &aon1 1u%an1 a& A%(r"n

E!$"no!a, 0 &aon1 1u%an1 ay na#"%" na >un1 >an"no !a!a#a

!a a#"n1 (a%a-a. S" Ar"e% Jo*n a& A"a E!$"no!a ay !a!a#a !a

>an"%an1 a#a, Ro(o%o E!$"no!a, a& an1 +un!o, A%(r"n

E!$"no!a a& !a!a#a na#an !a "na na !" E%ena3

4. Na (a*"% !"na Ar"e% Jo*n a& A"a ay na1!"!"$a1'ara% !a

>a!a%u>uyan !"%a ay $an!a#an&a%an1 #anana&"%" !a >an"%an1

"na, *a+an1 &"na&a$o! an1 >an"%an1 $a1'aara%. Sa $a!u>an !"%a

ay #aaar" n1 "!a#a n1 a#a, !a %u1ar >un1 !aan !"ya ay

nan"n"ra*an3

. Na an1 #1a +a&a ay #aaar"n1 (a%a-"n n1 !"no #an !a

a#"n1 (a%a-a &u-"n1 #ay $a1>a>a&aon3

5. Na #a1+"+"1ay n1 +u-anan1 1a!&u!"n o !u$or&a an1

a#a >ay A%(r"n a& an1 >a>u%an1an !a #1a $an1an1a"%an1an

n"&o ay $u$unan n1 "na3

6. Na %a*a& n1 #1a >a!an1>a$an !a +a*ay &u%a( n1 8.a1a#"&an !a >u!"na ay a>"n1 /Ro(o%o

"$"na1>a>a%oo+ >ay E%ena a& *"n(" na a>o "n&ere!a(o ("&o

7. Na %a*a& n1 #aaar"n1 #a"$un(ar n1 !"no #an !a a#"n

(a%a-a !a #1a $ana*on1 (ara&"n1 ay a#"n1 #1a !ar"'!ar"%"n1

$a1'aar" na a& *"n(" na $"na1!a#a*an o on?u1a%.

BIAN PA8UNAK n1 %a*a& n1 "&o, n"%a1(aan na#"n "&o

n1ayon1 ">a'7 n1 No+ye#+re, 997, ("&o !a u#aa,

ueon.

/S1( /S1(

EENA MARAN8A RODOO ESPINOSA

Na1>a!un(o Na1>a!un(o


15/51

15

PINA8UNAKAN A8 PINANUMPAAN ("&o !a *ara$ >o n1ayon1

">a'7 n1 No+ye#+re, 997, ("&o !a u#aa, ueon

A88K. JUIE8A A. OMAA

No&ary Pu+%"

P8R No. 472693 '0'97

u#aa, ueon

Do. No. 23 Pa1e No. 973 Boo> No. ;I3 Ser"e! o 997.

Co#$%a"nan&! a%%e1e( &*a& Maran&a% an( E!$"no!a, u%%y

on)"ne( o &*e )a%"("&y o &*e on&ra& ("!!o%)"n1 &*e"r

#arr"a1e, !&ar&e( "#$%e#en&"n1 "&! &er#! an( on("&"on!.

o-e)er, Maran&a% e)en&ua%%y &oo> u!&o(y o a%% &*e"r *"%(ren

an( &oo> $o!!e!!"on o #o!& o &*e $ro$er&y &*ey a@u"re(

(ur"n1 &*e"r un"on.

E!$"no!a !ou1*& &*e a()"e o *"! e%%o- e#$%oyee,

o#$%a"nan& %"n(o, a %a- 1ra(ua&e, -*o "nor#e( *"# &*a& &*eon&ra& eeu&e( +y O#aa -a! no& )a%"(. E!$"no!a an(

%"n(o &*en *"re( &*e !er)"e! o a %a-yer &o "%e a o#$%a"n&

a1a"n!& O#aa +eore &*e In&e1ra&e( Bar o &*e P*"%"$$"ne!

Co##"!!"on on Bar D"!"$%"ne /IBP'CBD.

O#aa a%%e1e( &*a& !*e >no-! %"n(o +u& !*e (oe! no&

$er!ona%%y >no- E!$"no!a. S*e (en"e( &*a& !*e $re$are( &*e

on&ra&. S*e a(#"&&e( &*a& E!$"no!a -en& &o !ee *er an(

re@ue!&e( or &*e no&ar"a&"on o &*e on&ra& +u& !*e &o%( *"#

&*a& "& -a! "%%e1a%. O#aa a%%e1e( &*a& E!$"no!a re&urne( &*e

ne& (ay -*"%e !*e -a! ou& o &*e o"e an( #ana1e( &o

$er!ua(e *er $ar&'&"#e o"e !&a &o no&ar"e &*e (ou#en&.

er o"e !&a or1e( *er !"1na&ure an( no&ar"e( &*e on&ra&.

O#aa $re!en&e( Maran&a%! S"nu#$aan1 Sa%ay!ay /a"(a)"& &o!u$$or& *er a%%e1a&"on! an( &o !*o- &*a& &*e o#$%a"n& -a!

"n!&"1a&e( +y %"n(o. O#aa ur&*er $re!en&e( a %e&&er o

a$o%o1y ro# *er !&a, Ar%ene De%a Pea, a>no-%e(1"n1 &*a&

!*e no&ar"e( &*e (ou#en& -"&*ou& O#aa! >no-%e(1e,

on!en&, an( au&*or"&y.

E!$"no!a %a&er !u+#"&&e( a Hara1(a1an1 Sa%ay!ay !&a&"n1 &*a&

O#aa arr")e( a& *"! re!"(ene &o1e&*er -"&* a 1"r% -*o# *e

%a&er reo1n"e( a! &*e $er!on -*o no&ar"e( &*e on&ra&. e

ur&*er !&a&e( &*a& O#aa -a! no& "n *er o"e -*en &*e

on&ra& -a! no&ar"e(.

8*e De"!"on o &*e Co##"!!"on on Bar D"!"$%"ne

In "&! Re$or& an( Reo##en(a&"on (a&e( 6 e+ruary 2007,&*e IBP'CBD !&a&e( &*a& E!$"no!a! (e!"!&ane ("( no& $u& an

en( &o &*e $roee("n1!. 8*e IBP'CBD oun( &*a& O#aa

)"o%a&e( Ru%e .0, Canon o &*e Co(e o Proe!!"ona%

Re!$on!"+"%"&y -*"* $ro)"(e! &*a& a %a-yer !*a%% no& en1a1e "n

un%a-u%, ("!*one!&, "##ora% or (ee"&u% on(u&. 8*e IBP'

CBD !&a&e( &*a& O#aa *a( a"%e( &o eer"!e (ue ("%"1ene "n

&*e $eror#ane o *er un&"on a! a no&ary $u+%" an( &o

o#$%y -"&* &*e re@u"re#en&! o &*e %a-. 8*e IBP'CBD no&e(

&*e "non!"!&en"e! "n &*e (een!e o O#aa -*o "r!& %a"#e(

&*a& "& -a! *er $ar&'&"#e !&a -*o no&ar"e( &*e on&ra& +u&

&*en %a&er %a"#e( &*a& "& -a! *er or#er #a"( -*o no&ar"e( "&.

8*e IBP'CBD oun(:

Re!$on(en& &ru%y !"1ne( &*e @ue!&"one( (ou#en&, ye& !*e !&"%%("!%a"#e( "&! au&*or!*"$, &*ere+y re)ea%"n1 #u* #ore *er

$ro$en!"&y &o %"e an( #a>e (ee"&, -*"* !*e "! (e!er)"n1 o

("!"$%"nary !an&"on or ("!+ar#en&.

8*e IBP'CBD reo##en(e( &*a& O#aa +e !u!$en(e( or one

year ro# &*e $ra&"e o %a- an( or &-o year! a! a no&ary

$u+%".

In a Re!o%u&"on (a&e( 9 Se$&e#+er 2007, &*e IBP Boar( o

o)ernor! a(o$&e( an( a$$ro)e( &*e reo##en(a&"on o &*e

IBP'CBD.

O#aa "%e( a #o&"on or reon!"(era&"on.

In a Re!o%u&"on (a&e( 26 June 20, &*e IBP Boar( o

o)ernor! (en"e( O#aa! #o&"on or reon!"(era&"on.

8*e I!!ue

8*e !o%e "!!ue "n &*"! a!e "! -*e&*er O#aa )"o%a&e( &*e

Canon o Proe!!"ona% Re!$on!"+"%"&y "n &*e no&ar"a&"on o

Maran&a% an( E!$"no!a! Ha!un(uan N1 Pa1*"*"-a%ay.

8*e Ru%"n1 o &*"! Cour&

e a(o$& &*e "n("n1! an( reo##en(a&"on o &*e IBP'CBD.

8*"! a!e "! no& no)e%. 8*"! Cour& *a! ru%e( &*a& &*e

e&ra?u(""a% ("!!o%u&"on o &*e on?u1a% $ar&ner!*"$ -"&*ou&

?u(""a% a$$ro)a% "! )o"(.2 8*e Cour& *a! a%!o ru%e( &*a& a

no&ary $u+%" !*ou%( no& a"%"&a&e &*e ("!"n&e1ra&"on o a

#arr"a1e an( &*e a#"%y +y enoura1"n1 &*e !e$ara&"on o &*e!$ou!e! an( e&ra?u(""a%%y ("!!o%)"n1 &*e on?u1a%

$ar&ner!*"$,4 -*"* "! ea&%y -*a& O#aa ("( "n &*"! a!e.

In Se%ano)a ). Ju(1e Men(oa, &*e Cour& "&e( a nu#+er o

a!e! -*ere &*e %a-yer -a! !an&"one( or no&ar""n1 !"#"%ar

(ou#en&! a! &*e on&ra& "n &*"! a!e, !u* a!: no&ar""n1 a

(ou#en& +e&-een &*e !$ou!e! -*"* $er#"&&e( &*e *u!+an(

&o &a>e a onu+"ne an( a%%o-e( &*e -"e &o %")e -"&* ano&*er

#an, -"&*ou& o$$o!"&"on ro# ea* o&*er35 ra&"y"n1 a (ou#en&

en&"&%e( e1a% Se$ara&"on -*ere &*e ou$%e a1ree( &o +e

!e$ara&e( ro# ea* o&*er #u&ua%%y an( )o%un&ar"%y, renoun"n1

&*e"r r"1*&! an( o+%"1a&"on!, au&*or""n1 ea* o&*er &o re#arry,

an( renoun"n1 any a&"on &*a& &*ey #"1*& *a)e a1a"n!& ea*

o&*er36 $re$ar"n1 a (ou#en& au&*or""n1 a #arr"e( ou$%e-*o *a( +een !e$ara&e( or n"ne year! &o #arry a1a"n,

renoun"n1 &*e r"1*& o a&"on -*"* ea* #ay *a)e a1a"n!& &*e

o&*er37 an( $re$ar"n1 a (ou#en& (e%ar"n1 &*e on?u1a%

$ar&ner!*"$ ("!!o%)e(.

e anno& ae$& O#aa! a%%e1a&"on &*a& "& -a! *er $ar&'&"#e

o"e !&a -*o no&ar"e( &*e on&ra&. e a1ree -"&* &*e IBP'

CBD &*a& O#aa *er!e% no&ar"e( &*e on&ra&. E)en " "& -ere

&rue &*a& "& -a! *er $ar&'&"#e !&a -*o no&ar"e( &*e on&ra&, "&

on%y !*o-e( O#aa! ne1%"1ene "n (o"n1 *er no&ar"a% (u&"e!.

e re"&era&e &*a& a no&ary $u+%" "! $er!ona%%y re!$on!"+%e or

&*e en&r"e! "n *"! no&ar"a% re1"!&er an( *e ou%( no& re%"e)e

*"#!e% o &*"! re!$on!"+"%"&y +y $a!!"n1 &*e +%a#e on *"!

!ere&ar"e!9 or any #e#+er o *"! !&a.

e %">e-"!e a1ree -"&* &*e IBP'CBD &*a& "n $re$ar"n1 an(

no&ar""n1 a )o"( (ou#en&, O#aa )"o%a&e( Ru%e .0, Canon

o &*e Co(e o Proe!!"ona% Re!$on!"+"%"&y -*"* $ro)"(e! &*a&

a %a-yer !*a%% no& en1a1e "n un%a-u%, ("!*one!&, "##ora% or

(ee"&u% on(u&. O#aa >ne- u%%y -e%% &*a& &*e Ha!un(uan N1

Pa1*"*"-a%ay *a! no %e1a% ee& an( "! a1a"n!& $u+%" $o%"y.

8*ereore, O#aa #ay +e !u!$en(e( ro# o"e a! an a&&orney

or +rea* o &*e e&*"! o &*e %e1a% $roe!!"on a! e#+o("e( "n

&*e Co(e o Proe!!"ona% Re!$on!"+"%"&y.0

EREORE, -e SUSPEND A&&y. Ju%"e&a A. O#aa ro# &*e

$ra&"e o %a- or ONE KEAR. e RE


16/51

16

SECOND DI an( &*a& &*e &er#"na&"on o *"! e#$%oy#en& -a! or a

)a%"( au!e, +u& or(er"n1 $r")a&e re!$on(en& &o $ay $e&"&"oner

&*e a#oun& o P5,000.00 a! $ena%&y or *"! a"%ure &o !er)e

no&"e o !a"( &er#"na&"on o e#$%oy#en& &o &*e De$aren& o

a+or an( E#$%oy#en& a! re@u"re( +y Ba&a! Pa#+an!a B%1.

40 an( on!onan& -"&* &*"! Cour&F! ru%"n1 "n en$*"%

Cor$ora&"on )!. Na&"ona% a+or Re%a&"on! Co##"!!"on, e& a%. 2

On a$$ea% &o &*e our&* D")"!"on o &*e NRC, Ce+u C"&y, !a"(

(e"!"on -a! a"r#e( "n &o&o.

"! #o&"on or reon!"(era&"on o !a"( (e"!"on *a)"n1 +een

(en"e( or %a> o #er"&, 5 $e&"&"oner "%e( &*"! $e&"&"on

$re!en&"n1 &*e o%%o-"n1 "!!ue! or re!o%u&"on: / -*e&*er orno& &*e $e&"&"oner -a! "%%e1a%%y ("!#"!!e(3 /2 -*e&*er or no& *e

"! en&"&%e( &o re"n!&a&e#en&, $ay#en& o +a> -a1e!, &*"r&een&*

#on&* $ay an( o&*er +ene"&!3 an( /4 -*e&*er or no& *e "!

en&"&%e( &o $ay#en& o #ora% an( ee#$%ary (a#a1e! an(

a&&orneyF! ee! +eau!e o "%%e1a% ("!#"!!a%. 8*e ("!u!!"on o

&*e!e "!!ue! -"%% nee!!ar"%y !u+!u#e &*e oro%%ary @ue!&"on!

$re!en&e( +y $r")a&e re!$on(en&, !u* a! &*e ea& (a&e -*en

$e&"&"oner ea!e( &o un&"on a! ar# a(#"n"!&ra&or, &*e

*ara&er o &*e $eun"ary a#oun&! ree")e( +y $e&"&"oner ro#

$r")a&e re!$on(en&, &*a& "!, -*e&*er &*e !a#e are "n &*e na&ure

o !a%ar"e! or $en!"on!, an( -*e&*er or no& &*ere -a!

a+an(on#en& +y $e&"&"oner o *"! un&"on! a! ar#

a(#"n"!&ra&or.

In *"! #an"e!&a&"on (a&e( Se$&e#+er , 992, &*e So%""&or

enera% reo##en(e( a #o(""a&"on o &*e (e"!"on o *ere"n

$u+%" re!$on(en& !u!&a"n"n1 &*e "n("n1! an( on%u!"on! o

&*e Eeu&")e a+or Ar+"&er "n RAB Ca!e No. 052', or

-*"* rea!on &*e NRC -a! re@u"re( &o !u+#"& "&! o-n

o##en& on &*e $e&"&"on. In o#$%"ane -"&* &*e Cour&F!

re!o%u&"on o No)e#+er 6, 992, NRC "%e( "&! o##en& on

e+ruary 2, 992 %ar1e%y re"&era&"n1 "&! ear%"er $o!"&"on "n

!u$$or& o &*e "n("n1! o &*e Eeu&")e a+or Ar+"&er.


17/51

17

Beore $roee("n1 -"&* a ("!u!!"on o &*e "!!ue!, &*e

o+!er)a&"on o &*e %a+or ar+"&er "! -or&* no&"n1:

8*"! a!e "! &ru%y un"@ue. *a& #a>e! &*"! a!e un"@ue "! &*e

a& &*a& +eau!e o &*e !$e"a% re%a&"on!*"$ o &*e $ar&"e! an(

&*e na&ure o &*e a&"on "n)o%)e(, &*"! a!e ou%( )ery -e%% 1o

(o-n /"n &*e anna%! o &*e Co##"!!"on a! $er*a$! &*e "r!& o

"&! >"n(. or &*"! a!e "! an a&"on "%e( +y an on%y !on, *"!

a&*erF! na#e!a>e, &*e on%y *"%( an( &*ereore &*e on%y *e"ra1a"n!& *"! o-n a&*er.

A(("&"ona%%y, &*e So%""&or enera% re#ar>e(:

. . . A&er an e*au!&")e rea("n1 o &*e reor(!, &-o /2

o+!er)a&"on! -ere no&e( &*a& #ay ?u!&"y -*y &*"! %a+or a!e

(e!er)e! !$e"a% on!"(era&"on!. "r!&, #o!& o &*e o#$%a"n&!

&*a& $e&"&"oner an( $r")a&e re!$on(en& *a( -"&* ea* o&*er,

-ere $er!ona% #a&&er! ae&"n1 a&*er an( !on re%a&"on!*"$.

An( !eon(%y, " any o &*e o#$%a"n&! $er&a"n &o &*e"r -or>,

&*ey a%%o- &*e"r $er!ona% re%a&"on!*"$ &o o#e "n &*e -ay.

I. Pe&"&"oner #a"n&a"n! &*a& *"! ("!#"!!a% ro#

e#$%oy#en& -a! "%%e1a% +eau!e o -an& o ?u!& au!e &*ereor

an( non'o+!er)ane o &*e re@u"re#en&! o (ue $roe!!. e

a%!o *ar1e! &*e NRC -"&* 1ra)e a+u!e o ("!re&"on "n

re%y"n1 u$on &*e "n("n1! o &*e eeu&")e %a+or ar+"&er -*o

(e"(e( &*e a!e +u& ("( no& on(u& &*e *ear"n1! &*ereo.

Pr")a&e re!$on(en&, "n reu&a&"on, a)er! &*a& &*ere -a!

a+an(on#en& +y $e&"&"oner o *"! un&"on! a! ar#

a(#"n"!&ra&or, &*ere+y ar#"n1 $r")a&e re!$on(en& -"&* a 1roun(

&o &er#"na&e *"! e#$%oy#en& a& a"en(a Manuao. I& "! a%!o

on&en(e( &*a& "& "! -ron1 or $e&"&"oner &o @ue!&"on &*e a&ua%

"n("n1! o &*e eeu&")e %a+or ar+"&er an( &*e NRC a! on%y

@ue!&"on! o %a- #ay +e a$$ea%e( or re!o%u&"on +y &*"! Cour&.

ur&*er#ore, "n !ee>"n1 &*e ("!#"!!a% o &*e "n!&an& $e&"&"on,

$r")a&e re!$on(en& au%&! *ere"n $e&"&"oner or a"%ure &o reer &o

&*e orre!$on("n1 $a1e! o &*e &ran!r"$&! o !&eno1ra$*"

no&e!, erroneou!%y "&"n1 Se&"on! 5/( an( 6/(, Ru%e

/!*ou%( +e Se&"on 6 an( (,

Ru%e 6 an( Se&"on 1, Ru%e 50 o &*e Ru%e! o Cour&, -*"*

$ro)"(e &*a& -an& o $a1e reerene! &o &*e reor(! "! a 1roun(

or ("!#"!!a% o an a$$ea%.

Prea&or"%y, -e &a>e a()er&ene o &*e $ro)"!"on! o Ar&"%e 22

o &*e a+or Co(e &*a& &e*n"a% ru%e! o e)"(ene $re)a"%"n1 "n

our&! o %a- an( e@u"&y !*a%% no& +e on&ro%%"n1, an( &*a& e)ery

an( a%% rea!ona+%e #ean! &o !$ee("%y an( o+?e&")e%y a!er&a"n

&*e a&! "n ea* a!e !*a%% +e a)a"%e( o, -"&*ou& re1ar( &o

&e*n"a%"&"e! o %a- or $roe(ure "n &*e "n&ere!& o (ue $roe!!.

I& "! !e&&%e( &*a& "& "! no& $roe(ura%%y o+?e&"ona+%e or &*e

(e"!"on "n a a!e &o +e ren(ere( +y a ?u(1e, or a %a+or ar+"&er

or &*a& #a&&er, o&*er &*an &*e one -*o on(u&e( &*e *ear"n1.

8*e a& &*a& &*e ?u(1e -*o *ear( &*e a!e -a! no& &*e ?u(1e

-*o $enne( &*e (e"!"on (oe! no& "#$a"r &*e )a%"("&y o &*e

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re!o%u&"on -"&* (ue are an( #a>e! er&a"n &*a& &*ey &ru%y an(

aura&e%y re%e& on%u!"on! an( "na% ("!$o!"&"on! on &*e

+a!e! o &*e a&! o an( e)"(ene !u+#"&&e( "n &*e a!e.

8*u!, &*e #ere a& &*a& &*e a!e -a! "n"&"a%%y a!!"1ne( &o

a+or Ar+"&er R"ar(o 8. O&a)"o, -*o on(u&e( &*e *ear"n1!

&*ere"n ro# Dee#+er 5, 9 &o Ju%y , 95, an( -a! %a&er

&ran!erre( &o Eeu&")e a+or Ar+"&er O!ar S. Uy, -*oe)en&ua%%y (e"(e( &*e a!e, $re!en&! no $roe(ura% "n"r#"&y,

e!$e"a%%y on!"(er"n1 &*a& &*ere "! a $re!u#$&"on o re1u%ar"&y

"n &*e $eror#ane o a $u+%" o"erF! un&"on!, -*"*

$e&"&"oner *a! no& !ue!!u%%y re+u&&e(.

e are on!&ra"ne( &o *ee( &*e un(er%y"n1 $o%"y "n &*e a+or

Co(e re%a"n1 &*e a$$%"a&"on o &e*n"a% ru%e! o $roe(ure "n

%a+or a!e! "n &*e "n&ere!& o (ue $roe!!, e)er #"n(u% o &*e

%on1'!&an("n1 %e1a% $ree$& &*a& ru%e! o $roe(ure #u!& +e

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-e anno& "n(u%1e $r")a&e re!$on(en& "n *"! &en(eny &o n"&$">

on &r")"a% &e*n"a%"&"e! &o +oo!& *"! ar1u#en&!. 8*e !&ren1&* o

oneF! $o!"&"on anno& +e *"n1e( on #ere $roe(ura% n"e&"e!

+u& on !o%"( +a!e! "n %a- an( ?ur"!$ru(ene.

8*e un(a#en&a% 1uaran&ee! o !eur"&y o &enure an( (ue

$roe!! ("&a&e &*a& no -or>er !*a%% +e ("!#"!!e( ee$& or

?u!& an( au&*or"e( au!e $ro)"(e( +y %a- an( a&er (ue$roe!!. Ar&"%e 22 o &*e a+or Co(e enu#era&e! &*e

au!e! or -*"* an e#$%oyer #ay )a%"(%y &er#"na&e an

e#$%oy#en&, &o -"&:

/a !er"ou! #"!on(u& or -"%%u% ("!o+e("ene +y &*e e#$%oyee

o &*e %a-u% or(er! o *"! e#$%oyer or re$re!en&a&")e "n

onne&"on -"&* *"! -or>3 /+ 1ro!! an( *a+"&ua% ne1%e& +y &*e

e#$%oyee o *"! (u&"e!3 / rau( or -"%%u% +rea* +y &*e

e#$%oyee o &*e &ru!& re$o!e( "n *"# +y *"! e#$%oyer or (u%y

au&*or"e( re$re!en&a&")e3 /( o##"!!"on o a r"#e or

oen!e +y &*e e#$%oyee a1a"n!& &*e $er!on o

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