lesson learned from major disasters in...
TRANSCRIPT
___________________________________________________________________________
2012/EPWG/SDMOF/002 Session 1
Lesson Learned from Major Disasters in Indonesia
Purpose: Information Submitted by: Indonesia
6th Senior Disaster Management Officials Forum
Vladivostok, Russia9-10 October 2012
NATIONAL AGENCY FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT (BNPB)
MAJOR DISASTERS IN INDONESIAMAJOR DISASTERS IN INDONESIA
Date : Sunday, December 26th 2004Earthquake Time : 07 58 48.38 Western
Indonesian TimeEpicentrum : 2.9 longitude – 95.6 BT In the
depth of : 20 km under water 149 km south of Meulaboh
Scale : 8,9 SR
EARTH QUAKE & TSUNAMI IN ACEH
Impact•The stagnation of Provincial and district/Municipal Governments•Casualties : dies > 128.803 people
missing > 37.066 peopledisplacement > 556.638 people
•The stagnation of social and economic activities•People were panic, worried and stressed (psychological trouble)•The damage and destroy of infrastructure
• Occurrence–5,9 RS, May 27, 2006 at 5.58 West Time Zone
• Casualties–Died 5.773 people–Displacement 2.165.488 people
• Damage–Heavy damage of house 129.799 unit–Slightly damage of house 172.854 unit–School 1.109 unit, Place of piety 1.674 unit–Government office 1.302 unit and other public
facilities
EARTH QUAKE IN JOGJAKARTA & CENTRAL JAVA
EARTHQUAKE WEST SUMATERAEARTHQUAKE WEST SUMATERASeptember 31, 2009
CASUALTIES1.195 dies, 2 missing , 1.798 InjuredDAMAGESHouse 271.540 units, Education Facility 4.625 units,
Religious Facility 2.488 units, Medical Facility 395 units, Governmental Facility 423 units, Road 285 internodes, Bridge 61 units
DETAILS7.9 SR (14:55 WIB) depth 30 Km, epicentrum 8.24 LS – 107.32 BT
HANDLINGDeliver Rapid Assessment Team and give
assistance to local Government to establish Command Post, coordinating with local, national and international stake holder.
ACCIDENT : Earthquake 7.2 RS and TsunamiDATE, TIME : Monday, Oct 25 2010 21.42 WIBEPICENTRUM : 78 Km South‐West of Pagai Selatan ‐
MentawaiDEPTH : 10 KmPOTENTIAL HAZARD : Tsunami (12 m height, 600 m far from
shoreline)MMI : VI‐VII Pagai Selatan, III ‐ IV Padang, III ‐
IV Pariaman, III Sungai Penuh, III Bengkulu, II Kepahiang, II ‐ III Ketahun
HANDLING : people evacuation, medical treatment, basic needs fulfillment, shelters/barracks development, infrastructures recovery, On‐Call budget
CONSTRAINT : An island, high waves on the strait
DATE : Monday, Oct 25, 2010AFFECTED AREAS : Yogyakarta Province (Sleman
Distric) dan Central Jawa (Klaten, Magelang, Boyolali and Temanggung)
STATUS : “BEWARE” Level IV (Oct 25 2010 to Dec 03 2010)
CASUALTIES : 322 dies, 427 treated, 136.585 evacuated
DAMAGES : 3.099 houses, 217 schools, 7 markets, 15 health facilities, etc
HANDLING : people evacuation, medical treatment, basic needs fulfillment, shelters/barracks development, infrastructures recovery, On‐Call budget
FUTHER HANDLING: mud flood anticipation
TIME : 2006 – 2012AFFECTED AREAS : Sumatera (Jambi, Riau, South
Sumatera) and Kalimantan/Borneo IMPACTS : Haze pollution (cross country),
respiratory infections, flight disorderRELIEF MEASURES : medical treatment, prevention, fire
extinguishing by land (fire fighter) and air (water bombing), weather modification technology, On‐Call budget
Hotspot accumulation 1998 - 2010
Indonesia encounters Land and Forest FiresIndonesia encounters Land and Forest Fires
Haze spreading in 1997
THE PROFILE OF INDONESIATHE PROFILE OF INDONESIA
Facts and problem encountered :
1. Much of the economy is highly vulnerable to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
2. High rainfall in the west and dry zones in the east are subject to recurring floods and droughts
3. Deforestation and prolonged drought intensity and increase the occurrence of forest fires
Disaster events increased significantly.70% hydro‐meteorological disastersTrend disasters will increase in future with increasing global climate change and environmental degradation.
82122
190
896692
888
1302
1835
533
814
744
The increasing frequency of disasters burdens public finance and the economy :1. 2004 Aceh/Nias Tsunami : US $ 4.5 billion 2. 2006 Yogyakarta Earthquake : US $ 3.5 billion3. 2009 Sumatra Earthquake : US $ 3.0 billion4. 2010 Mt. Merapi Eruption : US $ 3.2 billion5. 2010 Mentawai Tsunami : US $ 1.5 billion6. 2010 West Papua Landslides : US $ 0.2 billion
7. Small7. Small––Medium Scale Disasters up to 2012 : US $ 1.3 billionMedium Scale Disasters up to 2012 : US $ 1.3 billion
CHALLENGES AHEAD
1. Population growth and urbanization increase vulnerabilities
2. Weak zoning enforcement and poorly maintained infrastructure contribute to the problem
3. More frequent events + increased exposure + lower coping capacity = Higher Impacts
4. Climate Change Factor increase the level of risks
POLICY AND IMPLEMENTATIONPOLICY AND IMPLEMENTATION
10/11/2012
DISASTER MANAGEMENT & POLICY
3. ESTABLISH LDMO IN 33 P & 491 D
4. IMPLEMENTATION OF PREVENTION & MITIGATION PLAN ACCORDING TO HFA
6. INCREASE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RECOVERY PROGRAM
7. TO PURSUE COMMUNITY RESILIENCY
8. INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONS
9. UTILIZATION OF MILITARY ASSETS FOR DISASTER RELIEF
1. DISASTER MANAGEMENT LAW
5. ENHANCEMENT OF CAPACITY FOR EMERGENCY RESPONSE
2. ESTABLISH 5 YEAR DM PLAN
LDMO = Local Disaster Management Office
ESTABLISHEMENT LDMO (BPBD)IN PROVINCE AND DISTRIC LEVEL• 33 P AND 435 D OF 33 P AND 491 D• BPBD UNDER GOVERNOR OR MAYOR JURISDICTION• MOST BPBD OPERASIONAL COST S ARE SUPPORTED
BY NATIONAL BUDGET• BPBD Coordinate all agencies involved in DM activities • BPBD should be the first responder when disaster
occurs and BNPB supports BPBD with Emergency Response Fund
• BNPB should strengthen the capacity of BPBD personnel's & equipments through regular trainings on prevention, mitigation, response and recovery.
• International Cooperation's in capacity building BPBD are conducted with UN System, International NGO as well as invitation for oversees training offered by other governments
Organization Framework ofBNPB and BPBD
18
PRESIDENT RI
Ministries/ Departments
GOVERNOR
BNPB
Non Departments Institution
BUPATI/MAYOR
BPBD
Agencies
CAMAT
BPBD
Agencies
Head of Village
COMMUNITY
National1
Provincial33
District/Municipal491 (401)
Sub District
Village
Implementation of Prevention and Mitigation
• The Implementation of Hyogo Framework 5 Priorities for Action on DRR has attained substansial achievement
• Develop Public Private Partnership in Disaster Relief and Recovery Process
• Develop Early Warning System for Tsunami, Land‐Slide, Volcanic Eruption, Flood and Forest Fires that all are linked to EOC’s
ENHANCHMENT THE CAPACITY for EMERGENCY RESPONSE
• Capacity Building for Joint‐Rapid Assessment Teams (JRAT)• Capacity Building for Rapid Response Unit (RRU) , most of the
members are stem from Military Personnel's by assignment . There are 2 Units ready for action located in Jakarta and Malang. They are only be deployed for major disasters.
• Provide mobile satellite base real‐time devices for JRAT and RRU when deploying to affected areas..
• Support JRAT & RRU with Emergency Heli‐borne Photo System
• Conduct Exercise for Disaster Relief at local, national and international level with the involvement of military assets.
• Implement Clustering on ICS System • Develop Sattelite‐Based Emergency Operation Center (EOC’s)
in National & District Levels.
Increase the Effectiveness of Recovery ProgramShift attention to Immidiate Early Recovery MeasuresAssessment for Recovery is conducted during Disaster Relief PhaseUse Emergency Response Fund for Early Recovery Program, especially for housing and access roads.Recovery are synchronized and conducted by all sectors from National and International, including participation and donation b P i t S t d
10/11/2012
PURSUE COMMUNITY RESILIENCE
1. Community Base Self‐Help/Rescue Groups
2. Community Leaders Risk Education
3. Religious Center Based Shelter Development
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONS
• UN OCHA, UNICEF, WFP, UN ISDR Capacity Building
• JICA, AIFDR, USAID, NZ AID, WORLD BANK Capacity Building
• ASEAN, US PACOM, US STATE DEPARTMENT Capacity Building
• INDONESIAN H.A a).2011 USD 5 MILLION THAILAND
FLOOD, JAPAN TSUNAMI, PHILLIPINE , ETC
b).2012 USD 2 MILLION RDRK
UTILIZATIONMILITARY ASSETS
• Deployment soldiers for Disaster Relief in any disaster
• Navy Ships help transport Relief items to affected area
• Airforce Hercules helps airdrop for relief items
• RRU deployment by Indonesian Army
• Military HADR operation is fully funded by BNPB using ERF fund
Indonesia Disaster Relief Training Ground(Ina DRTG)
Overview
INDONESIANational Agency for Disaster Management
Active tectonic movement causing earthquakes, tsunami, volcanic eruption frequently in Indonesia.
Hindia-Australia Plate
Eurasia PlatePacific Plate
5-6 cm/year
12 cm/year
INDONESIA: Natural Disaster
National:Disaster Management Law No. 24/2007
Government Regulations
Disaster Management Implementation (Govt. Reg No. 21/2007)
Funding and Management of Disaster Assistance (Govt. Reg No. 22/2007)
Participation of International Institutions and Foreign Non Government Institutions in Disaster Management (Govt. Reg. No. 23/2007)
Presidential Regulation
Presidential Regulation No. 8 Year 2008: Establishment of BNPB
Decision on status and level of disaster (in the process)
Ministerial/BNPB RegulationMoHA Reg Nr. 131 / 2004: Disaster Management in the Local Level
MoHA Reg Nr. 46/2008: Guidelines for Organization Structure of BPBD
Head of BNPB Reg Nr. 3/2008: Guidelines for the Establishment of BPBD
Provincial / District / MunicipalityLocal Regulations (PerDa)
Establishment of BPBD
DisaDisasster Management ter Management Law Law NNo. 24 o. 24 // 20072007
The role of National and Local Governments
Establishment of BNPB and BPBDs
Roles and Responsibility of Community in DM
Roles of Private sectors and International in DM
DM Implementation: pre-disaster, emergency response, and post-disaster
Funding and Relief Assistance Management
Controlling, Monitoring & Evaluation of DM implementation
PLANNINGIntegration of DM into Development Planning (National/Provincial/District)◦ DM in Long-term/Medium-
term/Annual Development Plan◦ Development of National Action
Plan for DRR ◦ Development of National Plan on
Disaster Management 2010 2014
DM Planning and the Guidelines◦ DM Plan (in progress)◦ Contingency Plan (in 6
provinces/24 districts)◦ Emergency Framework (in
progress)◦ Recovery Plan (DLA/PDNA/HRNA
methodology)
FUNDINGOrdinary Fund
To support ministries/departments’routine and operational activities especially for DRR.
Contingency FundBudget allocated for emergency preparedness
Emergency Fund (Standby)For emergency response and disaster relief
Social Assistance FundBudget allocated for post-disaster assistance
Funds originated from donation
1. Climate Change2. Control on Environmental Degradation3. Early Warning System4. Disaster Management:
Capacity enhancement of government and community in risk reduction, mitigation and emergency response, as well as forest fires in 33 provincesEstablishment of rapid response (special task force for emergency response) with sufficient transportation means based in strategic location (Jakarta & Malang) to be able to reach nationwide SRC PB/INDRRA