lessons learned from a community- based mpa ......lessons learned 1. engaged community &...
TRANSCRIPT
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LESSONS LEARNED FROM A COMMUNITY-BASED MPA NETWORK IN HAWAIIBASED MPA NETWORK IN HAWAII
Brian Tissot, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA
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West Hawai`i Aquarium Project
Major Investigators:Major Investigators:
Bill Walsh, Hawai’i Division of Aquatic ResourcesBrian Tissot, Washington State University VancouverSara Peck, UH Sea Grant Extension ServiceSara Peck, UH Sea Grant Extension ServiceWest Hawaii Fisheries Council, Kailua-Kona, HIIvor Williams, Hawai’i Division of Aquatic Resources
Student Divers:
Delisse Ortiz, Jonathan Hultquist, Kathy Greenwood, Mark Albins, Paul Clark, Steve Cotton, Jeff Elba, Karen Geisler, Ranya Henson, Jackie Holbrook, Shaun Norris, Daniel Okumura, Kara Osada, Kim Page, Greg Polloi, Linda Preskitt, Noelani Puniwai, Dan VanRavensway, Todd Wass, Lisa Wedding, Darla White, Rachael Younger, Brian Zyglicynski + many others
Others:Others:
Bob Nishimoto, Brent Carmen, Pete Hendricks, Hawai’i Division of Aquatic ResourcesLeon Hallacher, University of Hawai’i Hilo
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Lessons Learned
1. Engaged Community & Legislature1. Engaged Community & Legislature
Need top-down & bottom-up support
2 St N t l & S i l S i2. Strong Natural & Social Science
Cooperative research program
3. MPA Network Effectiveness
Spillover & ConnectivitySpillover & Connectivity
Connections to fishery
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Conflict over aquarium fish
Shared resources:
Conflict over aquarium fish
Shared resources:– Harvest vs. view fish– Clash over perceived declineClash over perceived decline
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Community EngagementCommunity Engagement1978: Tropical reef fish conference1987 I f l t1987: Informal agreements1991: Kona Coast Fishery Management Areas1996: West Hawaii Reef Working Group1996: West Hawaii Reef Working Group1997: Lost Fish Coalition
Tissot & Hallacher, 2003, Conservation Biology, 17(6): 1759-1768
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Legislative supportAct 306: West Hawai`i Regional Fisheries Management Area
Legislative support
1. Designate > 30% of coast as MPAs2 Involve community in co management2. Involve community in co-management3. Evaluate effectiveness
West Hawai’i Aquarium ProjectWest Hawai’i Fisheries Council West Hawai i Aquarium ProjectWest Hawai i Fisheries Council
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Fishery Replenishment Areas (FRAs)Areas (FRAs)Prohibit aquarium fish collectingClosed Dec 31 1999
1. North Kohala (20 km2)2 Puako (51)
Closed Dec. 31, 1999
2. Puako (51)3. Ka`upulehu (45)4. Honokohau (3.8)5. Kailua-Kona (41)6. Red Hill (2.5)7. Honaunau (15)7. Honaunau (15)8. Ho`okena (5.8)9. Miloli`i (3.9)
35% of West Hawai’i coast (0-200 m)
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Monitoring ProgramMonitoring Program
1. Ten years: 1 yr baseline, 9-yrs closure2. Funded by NOAA through Hawai`i Coral Reef
Initiative Research Program and Hawai`i DAR3. Mandate through Act 306g4. Cooperative research program
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Rigorous BACI Design
5k
- collectingControl
5k
Observationaldesign block + collectingOpen
FRA+ collecting- collecting
Repeated measure BACI design:• Among treatments (C-FRA, C-O)• Before vs. After • Among locations
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Ten Years of MonitoringcontrolopenFRA
23 study sites - established pre-FRA (1999)• 4-6 surveys per year• Every 5 years for corals & habitat
Fish categorized into life stages:
Ad lt J il R itAdult Juvenile Recruit
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Yellow Tang Replenishmentm
2 )
40
ty (#
/100
30
an D
ensi
t
20
Mea 10
01999 2000 2001 2002 2003 20052004 2006 2007 2008
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Yellow Tang Replenishmentm
2 )
40
ty (#
/100
30
an D
ensi
t
20
Mea 10
01999 2000 2001 2002 2003 20052004 2006 2007 2008
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Yellow Tang Replenishmentm
2 )
40
ty (#
/100
30
an D
ensi
t
20
Mea 10
YOY
01999 2000 2001 2002 2003 20052004 2006 2007 2008
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Yellow Tang Replenishmentm
2 )
40
ty (#
/100
30
an D
ensi
t
20
Mea 10
01999 2000 2001 2002 2003 20052004 2006 2007 2008
-
Yellow Tang Replenishmentm
2 )
40
ty (#
/100
30
an D
ensi
t
20
Mea 10
01999 2000 2001 2002 2003 20052004 2006 2007 2008
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Evidence for Adult Spillover
Williams et al. 2009, Biol. Conserv.
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Genetic Connectivity• 1071 adults & recruits
• 11 loci• 11 loci
• Parentage analysis
• Four adult offspring• Four adult-offspringpairs
Christy, Hixon, et al, manuscript
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Genetic Connectivity• 1071 adults & recruits
• 11 loci• 11 loci
• Parentage analysis
• Four adult offspring• Four adult-offspringpairs
Christy, Hixon, et al, manuscript
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Productive Fishery
Walsh et al., 2004; Williams et al., 2009
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Improved Economics & Reduced Conflict
Fisher Survey of MPA Effects: (n=21)
Change in Socio-Economic Status:
45% -- Better or Much Better45% Unchanged45% -- Unchanged5% -- Worse or Much Worse
Conflict with others:
34% -- Better or Much Better46% -- Unchanged
20% -- WorstTodd Stevenson
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Lessons Learned
1. Engaged Community & Legislature1. Engaged Community & Legislature
Need top-down & bottom-up support
2 St N t l & S i l S i2. Strong Natural & Social Science
Cooperative research program
3. MPA Network Effectiveness
Spillover & ConnectivitySpillover & Connectivity
Connections to fishery