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Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent lives” C) “War is a noble pursuit” D) “War should be used to gain territory and increase power” 3/4/13 JOURNAL – Pick an option. Explain WHY you picked this. Write 3-5 sentences.

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Page 1: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree?

A) “War should be avoided at all costs”B) “War should be fought only to save

innocent lives”C) “War is a noble pursuit”D) “War should be used to gain territory

and increase power”

3/4/13JOURNAL – Pick an option. Explain WHY you picked this. Write 3-5 sentences.

Page 2: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

EQ – What caused World War I?

Today’s Essential Question

The Causes of World War I

Page 3: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

MANIA - Causes of WWI

MilitarismAlliancesNationalismImperialismAssassination

Page 4: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

MilitarismGlorification of the military

Strongest military?Germany

Cause of WWINations build up militaries, advanced weapons in preparation for war

Page 5: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Alliances

Central Powers:Germany, Austria-Hungary, & Italy

Allied Powers:France, Russia, Great Britain

Cause of WWINations are obligated to fight; any small event could trigger war

Page 6: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Nationalism

Alsace-LorraineFrench territory taken by Germany after fighting in 1871

NationalismNations begin competing, ethnic tensions and international rivalries increase

Page 7: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Imperialism

Countries trying to create empiresHow could this lead to conflict?

Page 8: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Assassination

Archduke Francis FerdinandHeir to Austria-Hungary throne

Why was he killed?Killed by a Serbian rebel who believed the province of Bosnia belonged to Serbia, not Austria-HungaryCause of WWIAustria-Hungary declares war on Serbia; the alliance system pulls all of Europe into the conflict

Page 9: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent
Page 10: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Causes of WWI – Review

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/ir1/causes_war1act.shtml

Page 11: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

WWI GENERAL INFO

Started July 28, 1914Ended November 11, 1918Almost 8 million died because of the warRussia having the most : 1.7 million

22,000,000 wounded

MAP OF EUROPE GREATLY CHANGED

Page 12: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent
Page 13: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent
Page 14: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

World War I BeginsWorld War I Begins

WesternFront

DeadlyTechnology

TrenchWarfare

Battle front in France betweenAllied and Central Powers;

450 miles of trenches

New, devastating weapons killedthousands; machine guns,

poison gas, tanks, etc.

Horrible conditions, soldiers developed “trench foot,” astalemate was produced

Page 15: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent
Page 16: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Other New Technology

Machine gunTankPoison gas (Mustard gas)

Carried by the windBurned out soldier’s lungs

Deadly in the trenches where it would sit at the bottom

SubmarineAirplaneHand grenades

Flame Throwers

Why these weapons? Why now?

Page 17: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Trench Warfare

Trench Warfare – type of fighting during World War I in which both sides dug trenches protected by mines and barbed wire

Trenches were dug from English Channel to Switzerland

6,250 miles6 to 8 feet deepImmobilized both sides for 4 years

Page 18: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

MYTH

Page 19: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

REALITY

Page 20: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent
Page 21: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent
Page 22: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent
Page 23: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent
Page 24: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent
Page 25: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent
Page 26: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent
Page 27: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Machine Guns Industrialization applied to killing

Page 28: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent
Page 29: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent
Page 30: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

EQ – Why did the U.S. finally enter WWI?

Today’s Essential Question

American Neutrality, American Involvement

Page 31: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

The U.S. & WWI – Why did we enter?

In partners, you will read 3 sources:Wilson, Zinn, and NC Book page 288 (answers go under Guiding Textbook Questions

Answer questions, discuss as a group!You have 20 minutes to complete this activity

Be able to identify the reasons why the U.S. entered WWI!

Page 32: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

American NeutralityWhy did Wilson want the US to remain neutral? Why did this prove to be so difficult?

IsolationistsUS should remain isolated andshould not join the war

InterventionistsUS should intervene andjoin the Allies

InternationalistsUS should play an active role for peace but should NOT send troops (middle ground)

Page 33: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

American Involvement(1) Invasion of Belgium

What were the German actions against Belgium and how did the US respond?Germany invaded NEUTRAL Belgium, took supplies, killed unarmed citizens, destroyed towns; US opinion turns against Germany

Page 34: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

American Involvement(2) U-Boat Attacks

What were the major actions of Germany’s submarines against Allied ships?

Destroying all ships, battleships & passenger ships

Lusitania (British) and Sussex (French) passenger ships destroyed

Germany breaks the Sussex Pledge

Page 35: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

American Involvement(3) The Zimmermann Note

Who wrote it and to whom was it written? What did it say? How did the US respond?

Arthur Zimmermann (Germany Foreign Minister), to Mexico

Proposed alliance between Mexico and Germany against the US

US is very angry, declares war on Germany (1917)

Page 36: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

EQ – How did WWI affect America on the home front?

Today’s Essential Question

America on theHome Front

Page 37: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

How did the U.S. get soldiers to join the

military?

Page 38: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

1

Page 39: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

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Page 40: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

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Page 41: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

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Page 42: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

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Page 43: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

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Page 44: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

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Page 45: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

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Page 46: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

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Page 47: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

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Page 48: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

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Page 49: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

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Page 50: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

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Page 51: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

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Page 52: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

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Page 53: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Mobilization

…a largerarmy

US Needs

SelectiveService

Act

Organization

Established a draft;24 mil register,

2.8 mil are drafted

What did it do?

Page 54: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Social ChangeW

omen

New roles for women during the war…

New jobs in factories, railroads,in the Red Cross; worked asdoctors, nurses, clerks, &Army Corps nurses

Leads to…

President supportswomen’s suffrage,felt women were“vital to winningthe war”

Page 55: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Mobilization

…control offood

production

US Needs

…tounderstandreasons for

U.S.involvement

FoodAdmin.

Organization

Committeeon

PublicInformation

HerbertHoover

Director

GeorgeCreel

Set prices forwheat, foodstuffs;asked Americansto conserve food

What did it do?

Educated publicon causes/nature

of war; wrotepamphlets, press

releases, heldspeeches, etc

Page 56: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Anti-War Efforts

“conscientious objectors”Consequences?Treatment?

People whose moral or religious beliefs forbidthem to fight in wars

Humiliated by local draftboards or prison time

Page 57: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Espionage Act (1917)

Postal authorities ban treasonableprinted materials from the mail

Sedition Act (1918)

Unlawful to use “disloyal” language about the

American government

Schenck v. U.S. (1919)

First Amendment protections can belimited when there is a

“clear and present danger”

Page 58: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Afr

ican

-Am

eric

ans

Great MigrationMovement of African Americans from

the South to the North

Push Factors

Pull Factors

Jim Crow segregation laws, lynching,racial violence, struggles as

sharecroppers

Economic opportunities in North;better future, aid from other

African Americans in the North

Page 59: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

WWI – The US Abroad

Page 60: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

The U.S. Joins The War EffortCause Event Effect

German U-boatssinking merchant

ships, Allieslosing warsupplies

Convoys:

Groups ofmerchant shipssail together,protected by

warships

Successful;losses from

U-boat attacksdrop significantly

American troops,nicknamed

“doughboys,”arrived led byGen. John J.

Pershing

-Second Battle ofthe Marne-Cantigny-Chateau-Thierry-Belleau Wood-Meuse-Argonne-Saint-Mihiel

Germanysurrendered on

11-11-18

5 mil Allied deaths8 mil CP deaths6.5 mil civilians

Page 61: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent
Page 62: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Food Will Win the War: On the Homefront in WWI

During World War I, the United States made a great effort to conserve food and other vital materials to help supply the troops and our allies abroad. People were encouraged to follow "Meatless Mondays" and "Wheatless Wednesdays" in an effort to both unite the general public behind the war effort and furnish these essential resources to the allied nations. To facilitate this process, the United States Food Administration was established and led by future President Herbert Hoover. In the New York City area, the local food boards held canning demonstrations for thousands, distributed recipes that replaced wheat and sugar with other ingredients, and told recent immigrants in languages such as Hebrew and Italian why they should be a part of this effort.

Page 63: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Food Will Win the War: On the Homefront in WWI

In the pamphlets "Without Wheat," "Sweets without Sugar," and "Potato Possibilities," the Federal Food Board of New York provides alternatives to more well-known recipes to help Americans do their part in the war effort.

Page 64: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Food Will Win the War: On the Homefront in WWI

Why did the Federal government try to limit the consumption of wheat, meat, sugars and other types of food?

What are some of the specific substitutes listed in the recipe books for wheat and sugar? Why are these substitutes suggested?

How would you describe the Federal government's methods to limit the consumption of these goods?

Would these tactics influence you to conserve resources? Why or why not?

Page 65: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

ExtensionCompare and Contrast to Today: How could

the Federal government encourage certain lifestyle changes in our society today? Do you think they would be successful? Why or why not?

Debate the Issue: Do you think these recipe books represent propaganda? Why or why not?

Creative Activity: Create a campaign poster, flyer, or song to support the campaign to conserve these resources.

Page 66: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

President Wilson’sPlans for Peace

Page 67: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Wilson’s Fourteen Points Paris Peace Conference(Versailles, 1919)

“Peace without Victory”

1

2

3

4

5

14

What did President Wilson want?What actually happened(Treaty of Versailles)?

Page 68: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

Wilson’s Fourteen Points Paris Peace Conference(Versailles, 1919)

“Peace without Victory”

1

2

3

4

5

14

No secret treaties

Freedom of the seas

Free trade

Reduction of military arms

End colonization/imperialism

League of Nations

G Britain/France want heavyreparations for Germany

No

No

No

No

No

Established (Wilson would not compromise on this)

Page 69: Let’s take a poll… with which of these statements do you most agree? A) “War should be avoided at all costs” B) “War should be fought only to save innocent

America’s Response to the Treaty of Versailles

“Irreconcilables” “Reservationists”

Small group of senators who believed the US

should not get involved in world politics

Large group of senators who opposed treaty & wanted changes

(Henry Cabot Lodge)

Wilson & Senate cannot reach a compromise

Treaty of Versailles fails in the Senate…US does not join the League of Nations (effect?)


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