lghfdtl ;]jf p]g, @)$( · 3 -@_ of] p]g jf o; p]gcgtu{t ag]sf] lgoddf pnn]v epb]lv afx]s lghfdtl...

$: lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( · 3 -@_ of] P]g jf o; P]gcGtu{t ag]sf] lgoddf pNn]v ePb]lv afx]s lghfdtL sd{rf/L k|zf;g;DaGwL sfd ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] gLltut :jLs[lt lagf ug{ kfOg]$
www.lawcommission.gov.np

1

lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$(

nfndf]x/ / k|sfzg ldlt

@)%).@.$

;+zf]wg ut]{ P]g

!= g]kfn :jf:Yo ;]jf P]g, @)%# @)%#.!!.!%

@= lghfdtL ;]jf -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)%% @)%%.#.@(

#= s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)%& @)%&.$.@^

$= ;+;b ;lrjfno ;DaGwL P]g, @)%* @)%*.*.@*

k|df0fLs/0f / k|sfzg ldlt

%= lghfdtL ;]jf -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)^$ @)^$.$.@#

^= u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn

sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ @)^^.!).&

&= lghfdtL ;]jf -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)&) @)&).!@.!@

*= lghfdtL ;]jf -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)&@ @)&@.)#.@(

(= s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&@ @)&@.!!.!#

!)= k|zf;sLo cbfnt P]g, @)&^ @)&^.)^.@$

@)%) ;fnsf] P]g g+= @

=============

lghfdtL ;]jfsf] u7g, ;~rfng / ;]jfsf zt{x¿sf] Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] P]g

k|:tfjgfM lghfdtL ;]jfnfO{ a9L ;Ifd, ;'b[9, ;]jfd"ns / pQ/bfoL agfpg lghfdtL

;]jfsf] u7g, ;~rfng / ;]jfsf] zt{;DaGwL Joj:yf ug{ jf~5gLo ePsf]n],

>L % dxf/fhflw/fh jL/]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]jsf] zf;gsfnsf] afO;f}+ jif{df ;+;b\n] of] P]g agfPsf] 5 .

kl/R5]b– !

k|f/lDes

!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/DeM -!_ o; P]gsf] gfd ælghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$(Æ /x]sf] 5 .

-@_ of] P]g t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .

@= kl/efiffM ljifo jf k|;+un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; P]gdf,–

-s_ ælghfdtL ;]jfÆ eGgfn] bkmf # adf]lhd ul7t lghfdtL ;]jf ;Demg'k5{ .

-v_ ælghfdtL sd{rf/LÆ eGgfn] lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf axfn /x]sf] JolQm ;Demg'k5{ .

of] P]g ;+jt\ @)^$ ;fn >fj0f ! ut] b]lv nfu" ePsf] .

of] P]g ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn h]7 !% ut] b]lv nfu" ePsf] .

lghfdtL ;]jf -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)&) sf] bkmf !) ;Djt\ @)&) ;fn r}q @( ut] b]lv / cGo bkmfx? ;Djt\

@)^( ;fn r}q @( ut]b]lv k|f/De ePsf . u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] .


2

-u_ æclVtof/jfnfÆ eGgfn] bkmf ( adf]lhd lgo'lQm ug{ ;Sg] clwsf/L ;Demg'k5{ .

-u!_ æ:yfoL cfjf;Lo cg'dltÆ eGgfn] ljb]zL d'n'sn] s'g} zt{ tf]sL jf gtf]sL ;f]

d'n'sdf :yfoL ?kn] a;f]af; ug{ kfpg] u/L g]kfnL gful/snfO{ pknAw u/fPsf]

8fOe/l;6L Odu]|G6 le;f -l8=eL=_, k/dfg]G6 /]lh8]G6 le;f -lk=cf/=_ jf u|Lg sf8{

;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] g]kfnL gful/snfO{ ljb]zdf :yfoL ?kdf a;f]af; ug{

lbOPsf] h'g;'s} gfdsf] :yfoL cfjf;Lo cg'dltnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .

-3_ ækl/jf/Æ eGgfn] lghfdtL sd{rf/Lk a:g] tyf lgh cfkm}n] kfng kf]if0f ug'{kg]{

klt, kTgL, 5f]/f, cljjflxtf 5f]/L, wd{k'q, cljjflxtf wd{k'qL, afa', cfdf jf ;f}t]gL

cfdf ;Demg'k5{ / ;f] zAbn] k'?if / cljjflxtf dlxnf sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf lghsf]

afh], aHo} tyf ljjflxtf dlxnf sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf lghsf] ;f;", ;;'/fnfO{ ;d]t

hgfpF5 .

-ª_ æljefuLo k|d'vÆ eGgfn] tf]lsPsf] clwsf/L ;Demg'k5{ .

-r_ æsfof{no k|d'vÆ eGgfn] tf]lsPsf] sfof{nosf] k|d'v sd{rf/L ;Demg'k5{ .

-5_ æ:yfoL kbÆ eGgfn] lgj[lQe/0f kfpg] / Dofb gtf]lsPsf] lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kb

;Demg'k5{ .

-h_ æljz]if1 kbÆ eGgfn] ljz]if k|s[ltsf] sfd, st{Jo / pQ/bfloTj ePsf] / ljz]if

of]Uotf rflxg] kb ;Demg'k5{ .

-h!_ ælghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] 6«]8 o'lgogÆ eGgfn] bkmf %# sf] pkbkmf -!_ cGtu{t ul7t

lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] 6«]8 o'lgog ;Demg'k5{ .

-h@_ ælghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] cflwsfl/s 6«]8 o'lgogÆ eGgfn] bkmf %# sf] pkbkmf -#_

adf]lhd ul7t lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] cflwsfl/s 6«]8 o'lgog ;Demg'k5{ .

-em_ ætf]lsPsf]Æ jf ætf]lsPadf]lhdÆ eGgfn] o; P]gcGtu{t ag]sf lgoddf tf]lsPsf]

jf tf]lsPadf]lhd ;Demg'k5{ .

kl/R5]b– @

lghfdtL ;]jfx¿sf] u7g

@s= sd{rf/L k|zf;g;DaGwL s]Gb|Lo lgsfoM -!_ b]zsf] k|zf;g ;~rfng ug{ lghfdtL ;]jfsf]

u7g, ;~rfng / ;]jf zt{x¿ tyf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] Joj:yfkg / ;~rfngsf

;DaGwdf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon] s]Gb|Lo lgsfosf] ¿kdf sfd ug]{5 .

rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk . bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .


3

-@_ of] P]g jf o; P]gcGtu{t ag]sf] lgoddf pNn]v ePb]lv afx]s lghfdtL

sd{rf/L k|zf;g;DaGwL sfd ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] gLltut :jLs[lt lagf ug{ kfOg]

5}g .

#= lghfdtL ;]jfsf] u7gM g]kfn ;/sf/n] b]xfoadf]lhdsf lghfdtL ;]jfx¿sf] u7g ug]{5 M–

-s_ g]kfn cfly{s of]hgf tyf tYof+s ;]jf

-v_ g]kfn OlGhlgol/ª ;]jf

-u_ g]kfn s[lif ;]jf

-3_ g]kfn Gofo ;]jf

-3!_ g]kfn k//fi6« ;]jf

-ª_ g]kfn k|zf;g ;]jf

-ª!_ g]kfn n]vfk/LIf0f ;]jf

-r_ g]kfn jg ;]jf

-5_ g]kfn ljljw ;]jf

-h_ g]kfn lzIff ;]jf

-em_ =============

-`_ ============

$=>]0fL M -!_ lghfdtL ;]jfdf b]xfoadf]lhdsf >]0fLx¿ /xg]5g\M–

/fhkqf+lst /fhkq cg+lst

ljlzi6 k|yd

k|yd låtLo

låtLo t[tLo

t[tLo rt'y{

kfFrf}+

-@_ of] bkmf k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt >]0fLljxLg kbdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx¿n] >]0fLdf

cfa4 x'g rfx]df To:tf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ tf]lsPadf]lhd /fhkq cg+lst kfFrf}+ >]0fLdf

sfod ul/g]5 .

$s= PsLs[t lghfdtL ;]jf k|0ffnL;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M bkmf $ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP

tfklg g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L tf]s]sf] ldltb]lv lghfdtL

klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .


;+;b ;lrjfno ;DaGwL P]g, @)%* åf/f lemlsPsf] .

g]kfn :jf:Yo ;]jf P]g, @)%# åf/f lemlsPsf] .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .



4

;]jfsf] >]0fLut Joj:yfnfO{ txut k|0ffnLdf ¿kfGt/0f u/L PsLs[t lghfdtL ;]jf k|0ffnL

nfu" ug]{5 .

%= ;]jfsf kbx¿ -!_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf ljleGg >]0fLx¿df ljz]if1 kbnufot ljleGg txsf

k|fljlws tyf k|zf;lgs kbx¿ /xg]5g\ .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]s lghfdtL ;]jfdf tf]lsPadf]lhdsf

>]0fLljxLg kbx¿ klg /xg ;Sg]5g\ .

-#_ ==================

%s= sfo{ ljj/0f M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] :jLs[t u/]sf] ;+u7gsf] sfo{ ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df

;DalGwt ;lrj, ljefuLo k|d'v tyf sfof{no k|d'vn] k|To]s lghfdtL kbsf] sfo{ ljj/0f

agfO{ nfu" ug'{kg]{5 . To:tf] sfo{ ljj/0fdf To:tf] kbsf] sfd, st{Jo, pQ/bfloTj, clwsf/

/ of]Uotf;d]t :ki6 ¿kdf lsl6Psf] x'g'kg]{5 .

-@_ lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ s'g} klg kbdf kb:yfkg ubf{ lbOg] kq;Fu} lghsf]

sfo{ ljj/0f / sfo{ ljj/0fcg';f/sf] sfdsf] d"Nof°g ug]{ ;"rsf°;d]t pknAw

u/fpg'kg]{5 .

-#_ sfo{ ljj/0f;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

^= ;d"x tyf pk–;d"xx¿M -!_ lghfdtL ;]jfdf bkmf # adf]lhdsf ;]jfx? /xg] 5g\ .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg /fhkqflÍt ljlzi6 >]0fL ;Dd

g} ;]jf ljlzi6Ls/0f ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu b]fo adf]lhdsf ;]jfsf] ;d"xLs/0f -Sni6/_

ul/Psf] 5 M–

-s_ g]kfn OlGhlgol/Ë ;]jf,

-v_ g]kfn s[lif tyf jg ;]jf,

-u_ g]kfn Gofo ;]jf,

-3_ g]kfn k//fi6« ;]jf,

-ª_ g]kfn k|zf;g ;]jf, /

-r_ g]kfn n]vfk/LIf0f ;]jf .

-#_ pbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf ;]jfdf /xg] /fhkqflÍt ljlzi6 >]0fLsf kbx? tf]lsP

adf]lhd x'g]5g\ .

-$_ bkmf # adf]lhd ul7t ;]jfdf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf ljleGg ;d"x tyf pk;d"xx?

/xg] 5g\ .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f lemlsPsf] .

rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .


5

-%_ bkmf # adf]lhd ul7t ;]jfsf ;d"x tyf pk;d"xx?df /xg] ljleGg kbx?sf]

nflu rflxg] Go"gtd of]Uotf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

kl/R5]b– #

lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbk"lt{

^s= b/aGbL l;h{gfM -!_ lghfdtL ;]jfdf /xg] kbx¿sf] b/aGbL tf]lsPadf]lhd l;h{gf x'g]5 .

-@_ s'g} gofF ;/sf/L sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ ;+u7g ;+/rgf tof/ ubf{ / gofF

b/aGbL l;h{gf ubf{ jf tTsfn sfod /x]sf] ;+u7g ;+/rgf / b/aGbLdf k'g/fjnf]sg ubf{

jf x]/km]/ ubf{ ;DalGwt dGqfnon] sfo{qmd, sfo{af]em, sfo{ k|s[lt tyf b/aGbL yk ug'{kg]{

sf/0f / ;f]sf] cf}lrTo / pknAw dfgj ;|f]t;d]tsf] cfwf/df ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg

;j]{If0f u/L cy{ dGqfnosf] ;xdlt lnO{ ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnodf k7fpg'kg]{5 .

-@s_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd k|fKt ;xdltsf] cfwf/df ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon]

;f]sf] d"Nof+sg u/L tL; lbgleq :jLs[ltsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\;dIf k];

ug]{5 .

t/, ;+u7g ;+/rgf / b/aGbL x]/km]/ ePsf] cj:yfdf To:tf] x]/km]/ ePsf] ;+u7g

;+/rgf / b/aGbLsf] dfq ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0f u/L k|ltj]bg k]; ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf

-!_, -@_ / -@s_ ljk/Lt b/aGbL l;h{gf u/L k"lt{ ul/Psf] kb

:jtM vf/]h x'g]5 .

&= lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbk"lt{M -!_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] /fhkqf+lst ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] kbdf bkmf !(

sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd / b]xfosf] kb b]xfo adf]lhd k"lt{ ul/g]5M–

kb

a9'jfåf/f

v'Nnf

k|ltof]lutfåf/f

sfo{Ifdtfsf]

d"Nof+sgåf/f

cfGtl/s

k|ltof]lutfTds

k/LIffåf/f

h]i7tf /

sfo{;Dkfbg

d"Nof+sgåf/f

-s_ >]0fLljxLg÷ /fhkq

cgl°t kfFrf}+ >]0fL

!)) Ü

–

–

–

-v_ /fhkq cgl°t

rt'y{ >]0fL

–

–

–

–

-u_ /fhkq cgl°t

t[tLo >]0fL

–

–

–

–

-3_ /fhkq cgl°t

låtLo >]0fL

&) Ü

–

@) Ü

!) Ü




t ];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .


6

-ª_ /fhkq cgl°t

k|yd >]0fL

$) Ü

@) Ü

–

$) Ü

-r_ /fhkqfl°t

t[tLo >]0fL

&) Ü

–

–

#) Ü

-5_ /fhkqfl°t låtLo >]0fL

!) Ü

#% Ü

@) Ü

#% Ü

-h_ /fhkqfl°t k|yd >]0fL

!) Ü

#% Ü

@) Ü

#% Ü

-!s_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf l/Qm kb

b]xfo adf]lhd k"lt{ ul/g]5 M–

-s_ h]i7tf / sfo{;Dkfbg d'NofÍgåf/f x'g] a9'jfsf nflu 5'6\ofOPsf] ;a} jf

s]xL kbdf ;DefJo pDd]bj/f geO{ kb k"lt{ x'g g;sg] ePdf h'g jif{sf]

nflu To:tf] kb 5'6\ofOPsf] xf] ;f]xL jif{sf] To:tf] kb sfo{Ifdtfsf]

d"NofÍgåf/f ul/g] a9'jfåf/f,

t/ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -r_ df plNnlvt /fhkqflÍt t[tLo

>]0fLsf] kbdf h]i7tf / sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgåf/f x'g] a9'jfsf nflu

;DefJo pDd]bjf/ geO{ ;a} jf s]xL kb k"lt{ x'g g;Sg] ePdf To:tf] kb

v'Nnf k|ltof]lutfåf/f k"lt{ ul/g]5 .

-v_ sfo{Ifdtfsf] d"NofÍgåf/f x'g] a9'jfsf] nflu 5'6\ofOPsf] ;a} jf s]xL kbdf

;DefJo pDd]bjf/ geO{ kb k"lt{sf x'g g;Sg] ePdf h'g jif{sf] nflu

To:tf] kb 5'6\ofOPsf] xf] ;f]xL jif{sf] To:tf] kb v'Nnf k|ltof]ufTds

k/LIffåf/f .

-u_ Ps >]0fL d'lgsf] kb gePsf] ;]jf ;d"x jf pk;d"xsf] kbdf l/Qm ;a} kb

v'Nnf k|ltof]lutfåf/f k"lt{ ul/g]5 .

-!v_ o; bkmf adf]lhd kbk"lt{sf] nflu kb;+Vof lgwf{/0f u/L nf]s ;]jf cfof]un]

lj1fkg k|sflzt ug]{5 .

-@_ of] bkmf k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt /fhkq cgl°t rt'y{ >]0fLdf sfo{/t alxbf/ jf

;f] ;/xsf sd{rf/Lx¿ of] bkmf k|f/De ePsf] ldltb]lv /fhkq cgl°t t[tLo >]0fLdf :jtM

sfod x'g]5g\ .

t ];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .


7

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -u_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg /fhkq cgl°t

t[tLo >]0fLsf] kbdf s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/L axfn g/x]df To:tf] kb :jtM vf/]h x'g]5 .

/fhkq cgl°t t[tLo >]0fLsf] kbdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lsf] a9'jf x'g] kbsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{

;]jf cjlw / a9'jf x'g] kbsf] >]0fLeGbf Ps >]0fL d'lgsf] nflu tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] z}lIfs

of]Uotf k'u]sf] ePdf lghnfO{ Ps >]0fL dflysf] kbdf a9'jf ul/g]5 . o;/L a9'jf ug{sf]

nflu dflyNnf] >]0fLsf] kb :jtM l;h{gf x'g]5 / lgh dflyNnf] kbdf a9'jf x'g'eGbf cufl8

lgh axfn /x]sf] kb :jtM vf/]h ePsf] dflgg]5 .

-$_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L d'Vo sfo{ ug]{ / ;xfos

sfo{ ug]{ >]0fLljxLg kb tf]Sg]5 .

-%_ of] bkmf k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt l/Qm /x]sf / of] bkmf k|f/De ePkl5 l/Qm x'g]

pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] ;xfos sfo{ ug]{ >]0fLljxLg kbx¿ :jtM vf/]h x'g]5g .

;DalGwt sfof{non] o:tf kbx¿ vf/]h ePsf] hfgsf/L lghfdtL lstfavfgfdf

k7fpg'kg]{5 . To:tf kbx¿af6 ;Dkfbg ul/g] sfo{ Go"gtd kfl/>lds tf]sL JolQm jf

;+:yf;+u s/f/ u/L ;]jf s/f/af6 ;Dkfbg u/fpg'kg]{5 .

-^_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -3_ adf]lhdsf] cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffåf/f

kbk"lt{ ug]{ kbdf /fhkq cgl°t låtLo >]0fLsf] kbsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ Go"gtd z}lIfs

of]Uotf / Go"gtd ;]jf cjlw k"/f u/]sf] /fhkq cgl°t t[tLo / >]0fLljxLg kbdf sfo{/t

sd{rf/Laf6 k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ kbk"lt{ ug'{kg]{5 .

-&_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg lghfdtL ;]jfnfO{ ;dfj]zL

agfpg v'Nnf k|ltof]lutfåf/f k"lt{ x'g] kbdWo] k}+tfnL; k|ltzt kb 5'6\ofO{ ;f] k|ltztnfO{

ztk|ltzt dfgL b]xfoadf]lhdsf pDd]bjf/aLrdf dfq 5'§f5'§} k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ kbk"lt{

ul/g]5 M–

-s_ dlxnf – t]QL; k|ltzt

-v_ cflbjf;L÷hghflt – ;QfO; k|ltzt

-u_ dw];L – afO; k|ltzt

-3_ blnt – gf} k|ltzt

-ª_ ckf+u – kfFr k|ltzt

-r_ lk5l8Psf] If]q – rf/ k|ltzt

:ki6Ls/0fM

-!_ o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu ælk5l8Psf] If]qÆ eGgfn] c5fd, sflnsf]6,

hfh/sf]6, h'Dnf, 8f]Nkf, aemfª, afh'/f, d'u' / x'Dnf lhNnf ;Demg'k5{ .


8

-@_ o; pkbkmfsf] v08 -s_, -v_, -u_ / -3_, sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ædlxnf

cflbjf;L÷hghflt, dw];L / blntÆ eGgfn] cfly{s / ;fdflhs ¿kdf k5fl8

k/]sf dlxnf, cflbjf;L÷hghflt, dw];L / blntnfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .

-*_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg pkbkmf -&_ sf] v08 -ª_

adf]lhd lgwf{l/t k|ltztsf] kb s'g} vf; k|s[ltsf] sfdsf] nflu tf]lsPadf]lhdsf

ckf+ux¿aLr dfq k|lt:kwf{ ug{ kfpg] u/L k|lt:kwf{Tds k/LIffåf/f k"lt{ ul/g]5 .

-(_ pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhd k|ltzt lgwf{/0f ubf{ Ps k|ltzteGbf sd 3tfª\s -km\ofS;g_

cfPdf To:tf] 3tfª\s h'g ;d"xsf] xsdf 3tfª\s cfPsf] xf] ;f]eGbf nuQ} kl5sf]

;d"xdf ;b}{ hfg]5 .

-!)_ pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhd 5'6\ofOPsf] kbdf h'g jif{sf] nflu lj1fkg ePsf] xf] ;f] jif{

x'g] lj1fkgdf pko'Qm pDd]bjf/ pknAw x'g g;s]df To:tf] kb csf]{ jif{ x'g]

lj1fkgdf ;dfj]z ug'{kg]{5 / To;/L lj1fkg ubf{ klg pko'Qm pDd]bjf/ pknAw

x'g g;s]df To:tf] kb csf]{ jif{ v'Nnf k|ltof]lutfåf/f k"lt{ x'g] kbdf ;dfj]z

ug'{kg]{5 .

-!!_ pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhd lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] k|ltztåf/f kbk"lt{ ug]{ Joj:yf k|To]s bz

jif{df k'g/fjnf]sg ug'{kg]{5 .

-!@_ pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltztadf]lhd kb ;+Vof lgwf{/0f ubf{ s'g} ljjfb cfPdf

nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] lg0f{o clGtd x'g]5 .

-!#_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} vf; k|s[ltsf] sfo{ jf

kbsf nflu dlxnfn] dfq k|lt:kwf{ ug{ kfpg] u/L g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf

;"rgf k|sfzg u/L kb tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .

-!$_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} kbsf] nflu cfjZos

Go"gtd of]Uotf k"/f u/L of] bkmf k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt ;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 ;~rflnt

dlxnf ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] :yfoL kbdf sfo{/t sDtLdf kfFr jif{ c:yfoL ;]jf

u/]sf dlxnf pDd]bjf/nfO{ dfq of] bkmf k|f/De ePkl5 Psk6ssf nflu tf]lsPsf]

kbdf nf]s;]jf cfof]uaf6 lgwf{l/t k|lt:kwf{Tds k/LIff lnO{ :yfoL lgo'lQm ug{

;lsg]5 .

-!$s_ bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffåf/f a9'jf

ul/g] /fhkqflÍt låtLo >]0fL;Ddsf] kbdf ;f] kbsf nflu tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] ;]jf

cjlw / of]Uotf k'u]sf o; P]g, Joj:yflksf–;+;b ;lrjfno ;DaGwL P]g, @)^$ /



9

g]kfn :jf:Yo ;]jf P]g, @)%# adf]lhdsf] ;]jfdf sfo{/t ;a} sd{rf/L ;DefJo

pDd]bjf/ x'g] 5g\ .

-!%_ =========================

-!^_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -5_ / -h_

adf]lhd v'Nnf k|ltof]lutfåf/f k"lt{ ul/g] /fhkqf+lst låtLo / k|yd >]0fLsf] kbsf]

nflu rflxg] Go"gtd of]Uotf ;DalGwt ljifodf :gftsf]Q/ pkflw k|fKt u/]sf] /

s'g} ;/sf/L ;]jf jf k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd btf{ ePsf] ;+ul7t ;+:yf jf

cGt/f{li6«o ;+3, ;+:yfsf] clws[t:t/sf] kbdf /fhkqf+lst låtLo >]0fLsf] kbsf]

xsdf kfFr jif{ / /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fLsf] kbsf] xsdf ;ft jif{sf] cg'ej k|fKt

u/]sf] x'g'kg]{5 .

t/ ljBfjfl/lw:t/sf] pkflw k|fKt u/]sf] JolQmsf] xsdf cg'ejsf] cjlw b'O{

jif{n] sd x'g]5 .

-!^s_ pkbkmf -!^_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} klg lgsfodf cf+lzs ?kdf

sfd u/]sf] cg'ej ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu u0fgf x'g] 5}g .

:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu æcf+lzs ?kdf sfd u/]sf]Æ

eGgfn] k|lt xKtf rfnL; 306f eGbf sd ;do u/]sf] sfdnfO{ hgfpF5 .

-!&_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbk"lt{;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf / ljz]if1 kbx¿sf] k"lt{;DaGwL

Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

&s=kbk"lt{sf] dfu ug]{ Joj:yfM -!_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] s'g} kb l/Qm ePdf To;sf] ;"rgf kb l/Qm

ePsf] Ps dlxgfleqdf ;DalGwt lgsfon] nf]s;]jf cfof]unfO{ lbO{ ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;fdfGo

k|zf;g dGqfnonfO{ lbg'kg]{5 . ;f] cjlwleq ;"rgf glbg] kbflwsf/LnfO{ ljefuLo sf/afxL

x'g]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd l/Qm eO{ kbk"lt{sf] dfu eO{ cfPsf kbx¿sf] ljj/0f k|To]s

jif{ >fj0f dlxgfleq tf]lsPadf]lhd ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf k|sfzg ug'{kg]{5 .

-#_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbk"lt{sf] nflu dfu ubf{ ;f] cjlw;Dd l/Qm x'g cfPsf kb /

rfn" cfly{s jif{leqdf cjsfz tyf a9'jfaf6 l/Qm x'g] kb;d]t olsg u/L dfu

ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-$_ kbk"lt{sf] dfu ug]{;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk . t ];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f lemlsPsf] . t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk . bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .


10

&v= kbk"lt{df aGb]hM -!_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] s'g} klg kbdf o; P]gdf Joj:yf ePb]lv afx]s

cGo s'g} klg tl/sfaf6 kbk"lt{ ul/g] 5}g .

-@_ dGqfno, ;lrjfno, cfof]u / ljefu tyf pkTosfleq /x]sf sfof{nodf

sfo{/t lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf lghfdtL lstfavfgf / lhNnfl:yt sfof{nosf

lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf ;DalGwt sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{noaf6 tnaL k|ltj]bg

kf; gu/fO{ tna v'jfpg x'b}g .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ ljk/Lt sd{rf/L lgo'lQm u/]df lgo'Qm ug]{ kbflwsf/Laf6 /

pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd tnaL k|ltj]bg kf; gu/L tna v'jfPsf] ePdf To;/L tna v'jfpg]

kbflwsf/Laf6 To:tf] sd{rf/Ln] kfPsf] tna, eQf / cGo ;'ljwfafktsf] /sd ;/sf/L

afsL;/x c;'npk/ ul/g]5 .

t/ kmflhndf k/]sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ tna v'jfpg of] pkbkmfn] s'g} afwf k'¥ofPsf]

dflgg] 5}g .

:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ækmflhndf k/]sf sd{rf/LÆ eGgfn] ;+u7g jf

b/aGbL vf/]hLdf k/L cGoqsf] ;+u7g jf b/aGbLdf ldnfg eOg;s]sf sd{rf/L

;Demg'k5{ .

&u= Hofnfbf/L jf s/f/df lgo'lQm ug{ gkfOg]M -!_ of] P]g k|f/De ePkl5 s;}n] klg lghfdtL

sd{rf/Ln] ug'{kg]{ sfdsf] nflu s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ Hofnfbf/L jf s/f/df lgo'lQm ug{ kfOg]

5}g .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ ljk/Lt s;}n] s'g} JolQmnfO{ lgo'lQm u/]df To;/L lgo'lQm kfPsf]

JolQmn] kfPsf] tna eQf / cGo ;'ljwfafktsf] /sd lgo'lQm ug]{ kbflwsf/Laf6 ;/sf/L

afFsL ;/x c;"npk/ ul/g]5 .

*= nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] l;kmfl/;df lgo'lQm x'g]M -!_ v'Nnf k|ltof]lutf jf cfGtl/s k|ltof]lutf

========== åf/f k"lt{ x'g] kbdf nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] l;kmfl/;df lgo'lQm ul/g]5 .

-@_ =====================

(= lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf lgo'lQmM -!_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] /fhkqf+lst kbdf g]kfn ;/sf/n]

lgo'lQm ug]{5 / To:tf] lgo'lQmsf] ;"rgf g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sflzt ul/g]5 .

-@_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] /fhkq cg+lst kbdf ljefuLo k|d'vn] lgo'lQm ug{ ;Sg]5 .





s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&@ åf/f lemlsPsf] .


11

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg sfof{no k|d'vn] cfkm\gf] /

cfkm\gf] dftxtsf sfof{nosf /fhkq cg+lst / >]0fLljxLg kbdf lgo'lQm ug{ ;Sg]5 .

!)= pDd]bjf/ x'gsf] nflu cof]UotfM -!_ b]xfosf JolQmx¿ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kbdf pDd]bjf/ x'g

;Sg] 5}gg\ M–

-s_ /fhkq cg+lst / >]0fLljxLg kbdf !* jif{ pd]/ k"/f gePsf,

-v_ /fhkqf+lst kbdf @! jif{ pd]/ k"/f gePsf,

-u_ k'?if pDd]bjf/sf] xsdf k}+tL; jif{ / dlxnf pDd]bjf/sf] xsdf rfnL; jif{

pd]/ k"/f eO;s]sf,

t/,

-!_ e"tk"j{ ;}lgs jf k|x/L lgo'lQm x'g] egL tf]lsPsf] lghfdtL ;]jfsf]

========== kbdf rfnL; jif{ ggf3]sf h'g;'s} JolQm pDd]bjf/ x'g

;Sg]5g\ .

-@_ /fhkqf+lst låtLo / k|yd >]0fLsf] v'Nnf k|ltof]lutfdf k}+tfnL; jif{

ggf3]sf JolQm pDd]bjf/ x'g ;Sg]5g\ .

-#_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf :yfoL axfnjfnf sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf pDd]bjf/sf]

xb nfUg] 5}g .

-$_ bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -*_ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf ckfËtf ePsf AolQmx?

rfnL; jif{sf] pd]/;Dd pDd]bjf/ x'g ;Sg]5g\ .

-3_ eljiodf ;/sf/L ;]jfsf] lgldQ cof]Uo 7xl/g] u/L ;]jfaf6 a/vf:t

ul/Psf,

-ª_ u}/g]kfnL gful/s,

-r_ g}lts ktg b]lvg] kmf}hbf/L cleof]udf cbfntaf6 s;"/bf/ 7xl/Psf] .

-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ljsf; cfof]hgfsf] jf ljsf;tkm{sf] s'g} kbdf

sDtLdf kfFr jif{b]lv c:yfoL lgo'lQm kfO{ cljlR5Gg ¿kdf ;]jf ul//x]sf dlxnf

sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf v'Nnf k|ltof]lutfsf] nflu x'g] nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] lj1fkgdf pDd]bjf/

x'g pd]/sf] aGb]h nfUg] 5}g .




t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .


12

!!= c:yfoL lgo'lQm;DaGwL Joj:yfM -!_ nf]s;]jf cfof]un] cfkm"n] ;~rfng u/]sf] k/LIffdf

:yfoL lgo'lQmsf nflu l;kmfl/; gePsf pDd]bjf/x¿dWo]af6 c:yfoL lgo'lQm ug]{

k|of]hgsf] nflu 5'§} of]Uotfqmd cg';f/sf] ;"rL k|sflzg ug]{5 .

-@_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] s'g} l/Qm kbdf c:yfoL lgo'lQm ug'{kg]{ ePdf ;DalGwt

dGqfnon] nf]s;]jf cfof]udf n]vL k7fpg'kg]{5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd n]vL cfPdf nf]s;]jf cfof]un] of]Uotfqmdsf] ;"rLdf

/x]sf JolQmnfO{ ;DalGwt dGqfnosf] dfusf] cfwf/df c:yfoL lgo'lQm ug{ gfd l;kmfl/;

u/L k7fpg]5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd l;kmfl/; ePsf JolQmnfO{ a9Ldf ^ dlxgf;Ddsf] nflu

;DalGwt dGqfnon] c:yfoL lgo'lQm ug]{5 .

-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd c:yfoL lgo'lQm u/]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt dGqfnon] ;ft

lbgleq ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnonfO{ lbg'kg]{5 .

-^_ o; bkmf ljk/Lt s;}n] c:yfoL lgo'lQm u/]df To:tf] lgo'lQm ePsf] lghfdtL

sd{rf/Ln] vfOkfO{ cfPsf] tna, eQf / cGo ;'ljwfafktsf] /sd lgo'lQm ug]{

kbflwsf/Laf6 ;/sf/L afsL ;/x c;"npk/ ul/g]5 .

!@= kbflwsf/ sfod /xg]M b]xfosf] cj:yfdf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] cfkm\gf] kb dflysf]

kbflwsf/ sfod /xg]5M–

-s_ To; kbdf sfdsfh ul//xFbf;Dd .

-v_ csf]{ kbdf ;?jf eO{ sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg kfOg] Dofb;Dd .

-u_ labfdf /x]sf] avt .

-3_ lgnDag /x]sf] avt .

-ª_ g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f jf u}/;/sf/L sfddf v6fOPsf avt jf s'g} cGo kbdf

sfod d'sfod eO{ sfd u/]sf] avt .

!#= sfod d'sfodM -!_ s'g} klg ljefuLo k|d'v jf sfof{no k|d'vsf] kb l/Qm ePdf jf To:tf]

kbdf axfnjfnf sd{rf/L kGw| lbgeGbf a9L ;do;Dd labfdf a;]df jf k|rlnt

sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxLdf k/]df ;f] kbdf tTsfn sfd rnfpgsf] nflu ;dfg:t/ jf

a9'jfsf] nflu ;DefJo pDd]bjf/ eO;s]sf] Ps >]0fL d'lgsf] kbsf] lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{

a9Ldf 5 dlxgfsf] nflu sfod d'sfod d's// ug{ ;lsg]5 .




13

o;/L s'g} kbdf sfod d'sfod d's// ul/;s]kl5 ;f]xL jf cGo JolQmnfO{ k'gM ;f] kbdf

sfod d'sfod d's// ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ ljk/Lt s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ sfod d'sfod d's// u/]df lghn] ;f]

kbdf /xbf vfOkfO{ cfPsf] tna, eQf / cGo ;'ljwfafktsf] /sd sfod d'sfod d's//

ug]{ kbflwsf/Laf6 ;/sf/L afsL ;/x c;"npk/ ul/g]5 .

!$= zkyu|x0f ug]{M klxnf]k6s lgo'lQm eO{ cfkm\gf] sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg' cl3 k|To]s lghfdtL

sd{rf/Ln] tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] zkyu|x0f ug'{kg]{5 .

!%= lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] kb:yfkgM -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ kb:yfkg ubf{ lghsf] z}lIfs

of]Uotf tflnd / cg'ejsf] cfwf/df ul/g]5 .

t/ /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fLsf] ljefuLo k|d'vsf] kbdf kb:yfkg ;fdfGo k|zf;g

dGqfnosf] ;xdltadf]lhd ul/g]5 . ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon] To:tf] kbdf kb:yfkgsf]

nflu ;xdlt lb+bf ;DalGwt dGqfno;+u ;dGjo u/L plNnlvt s'/fx¿sf] cltl/Qm ;f]

kbdf g]t[Tj axg ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf ePsf] sd{rf/Lx¿dWo]nfO{ ;xdlt k|bfg ug]{5 .

-@_ s'g} klg lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ tf]lsPsf] ljefuLo k|d'v, sfof{no k|d'v jf

cGo kbdf kb:yfkg jf ;?jf ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] To:tf] kbdf /xL ug]{ sfo{x¿sf]

k|zf;sLo sfo{k|s[ltcg';f/ sfo{ ljj/0fsf] cwLgdf /xL ;DalGwt kbflwsf/L;Fu

sfo{;Dkfbg ;Demf}tf u/L kb:yfkg jf ;?jf ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-#_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] ;lrj jf ;f] ;/xsf] kb / s]Gb|Lo lgsfosf]

ljefuLo k|d'vsf] kbdf axfnjfnf kbflwsf/L;Fu} /xL sfd ug{ / a/a'emf/y u/fpg kGw|

lbg;Ddsf] nflu ljz]if kb :jtM l;h{gf u/L axfnjfnf kbflwsf/L cjsfz x'g' cufj}

kb:yfkg u/fpg ;lsg]5 .

-$_ kb:yfkg;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

!^= k/LIf0fsfnM lghfdtL ;]jfsf] :yfoL kbdf gofF lgo'lQm ubf{ dlxnf sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf 5

dlxgf / k'?if sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf Ps jif{sf] k/LIf0fsfndf /xg] u/L ul/g]5 . k/LIf0fsfndf

lghsf] sfd ;Gtf]ifhgs gePdf lghsf] lgo'lQm ab/ ug{ ;lsg]5 . o;/L lgo'lQm ab/

gul/Psf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] lgo'lQm k/LIf0fsfn ;dfKt ePkl5 :jtM ;b/ ePsf]

dflgg]5 .

t/ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] s'g} kbdf Psk6s :yfoL lgo'lQm eO{ k/LIf0fsfn e'Qmfg

ul/;s]sf] sd{rf/L lghfdtL ;]jfsf] csf]{ kbdf :yfoL lgo'lQm eO{ /dfgf lnO{ cfPdf

To:tf] sd{rf/LnfO{ k'gM k/LIf0fsfndf /flvg] 5}g .



14

:ki6Ls/0f M bkmf !) sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -u_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+z -#_ / o;

bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu ælghfdtL ;]jfÆ eGgfn] ;+;b\ ;]jf / g]kfn :jf:Yo ;]jfnfO{ ;d]t

hgfpg]5 .

!&= d'Vo ;lrj / ;lrjsf] kbfjlwM d'Vo ;lrj / ;lrjsf] kbfjlw qmdzM tLg jif{ / kfFr

jif{sf] x'g]5 .

===============

:ki6Ls/0fM o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ;lrjÆ eGgfn] ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] h'g;'s} kbdf

/x]sf] lghfdtL sd{rf/L ;Demg'k5{ .

kl/R5]b– $

;?jf / a9'jf

!*= ;?jf ug]{ clwsf/M -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ b]zsf] ljleGg ef}uf]lns If]qsf] cg'ej;d]t

lbnfpgsf nflu pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd ;?jf ul/g]5 / To:tf] ;?jf ug]{ clwsf/

clVtof/jfnfnfO{ x'g]5 .

t/,

-s_ Ps dGqfno jf cGtu{tsf] ljefu jf sfof{nosf] lghfdtL

sd{rf/LnfO{ csf]{ dGqfno / cGtu{tsf] ljefu jf sfof{nodf

;dfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon] ;?jf ug]{5 .

-v_ k|zf;g ;]jf, n]vf ;d"xsf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ;?jf dxfn]vf

lgoGqssf] sfof{non] ug]{5 .

-@_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg /fhkqf+lst ljlzi6 >]0fLsf

sd{rf/LnfO{ ;?jf jf kb:yfkgf ubf{ ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqLsf] cWoIftfdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf]

d'Vo ;lrj / ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf ;lrj ;b:o /x]sf] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df g]kfn

;/sf/n] ug]{5 . ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf ;lrjsf] ;d]t ;?jf l;kmfl/; ug'{kg]{

cj:yfdf ;f] ;ldltsf] a}7sdf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] ;lrjsf] ;§f k|wfgdGqL tyf

dlGqkl/ifb\ sfof{nosf] ;lrjn] ;ldltsf] ;b:osf] ¿kdf efu lng]5 .

-@s_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bkmf ^ sf] pkbkmf -@_ df

plNnlvt ;]jfsf] ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] kbdf sfo{/t sd{rf/L ;f]xL ;]jfsf] ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] kbdf

dfq ;?jf x'g ;Sg]5 .

klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+z lemlsPsf] .


rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .


15

-#_ ljz]if1tfsf] ;]jf lng'kg]{ kbdf /x]sf] / :yfgLo:t/df cGoq st} klg lghsf]

;]jf, ;d"x jf pk–;d"x;DaGwL kb tyf sfof{no gePsf] lghfdtL sd{rf/L / ljlzi6

>]0fL tyf /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fLsf] sd{rf/Lafx]s cGo lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] ;?jf ubf{

;DalGwt clVtof/jfnfn] ;fdfGotof jif{df Psk6s tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] ;do

tflnsfcg';f/ b]xfoadf]lhd ;?jf kqdf cjlw tf]sL ;?jf ug'{kg]{5M–

-s_ æsÆ jf ævÆ ju{sf] ef}uf]lns If]qsf] sfof{nodf sDtLdf 8]9 jif{sf] cjlw

sfd ul/;s]sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ æ3Æ jf æuÆ ju{sf] ef}uf]lns If]qsf]

sfof{nodf sDtLdf b'O{ jif{sf] nflu .

-v_ æuÆ jf æ3Æ ju{sf] ef}uf]lns If]qsf] sfof{nodf sDtLdf b'O{ jif{sf] cjlw

sfd ul/;s]sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ ævÆ jf æsÆ ju{sf] ef}uf]lns If]qsf]

sfof{nodf sDtLdf b'O{ jif{sf] nflu .

:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æPs jif{Æ eGgfn] sDtLdf b'O{ ;o

t]QL; lbg ?h' xflh/ ePsf] cjlwnfO{ hgfpg]5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf lghfdtL

sd{rf/LnfO{ lghsf] ;?jf kqdf tf]lsPsf] cjlw gk'Ub} ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] ;xdlt

lnO{ ;?jf ug{ ;lsg]5 M–

-s_ s'g} :yfgdf sfo{/t lghfdtL sd{rf/L czQm eO{ ;f] :yfgdf lghsf]

pkrf/ x'g g;Sg] b]lvPsf] s'/f g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f tf]lsPsf] d]l8sn af]8{n]

l;kmfl/; u/]df,

-v_ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ ljz]if lhDd]jf/L lbg'k/]df,

-u_ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ ljefuLo sf/afxL ug'{k/]df,

-3_ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ lgh sfo{/t sfof{nodf /flv/fVg pko'Qm

gePdf,

-ª_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] s'g} b/aGbL s6f}tL eO{ ;f] b/aGbLdf sfo{/t sd{rf/L

kmflhndf k/]sf] / lghnfO{ ;f]xL lhNnfl:yt cGo sfof{nodf ;d]t

;dfof]hg ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf g/x]df,

-r_ /fhkq cg+lst lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ 3/ kfos ;?jf ug'{ .

t/ /fhkq cglÍt kbdf nf]s ;]jf cfof]u jf a9'jf ;ldltaf6 l;kmfl/; ePsf]

tyf /fhkqflÍt kbdf nf]s ;]jf cfof]u jf a9'jf ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df klxnf] k6s



16

kb:yfkg ePsf] sfof{nosf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw gk'uL s'g} klg sd{rf/Lsf]

;?jf x'g] 5}g .

-%_ o; bkmfadf]lhd ;?jf ubf{ l/Qm kb ldn];Dd lghfdtL ;]jfsf] /fhkq

cg+lst >]0fLdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lsf] klt kTgL b'j} ;/sf/L ;]jfdf eP Pp6} lhNnfdf

k7fOg]5 .

-^_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd ;?jf ug{'kg]{ ef}uf]lns If]qsf] ;DalGwt ;]jf, ;d"x jf

pk;d"xsf] kb ePsf] sfof{no gePdf jf ;?jf x'g'kg]{ ef}uf]lns If]qsf] sfof{nosf] kbdf

sfo{/t sd{rf/Lsf] tf]lsPsf] ;]jf cjlw gk'u]sf] ePdf To;kl5sf] ;?jf x'g'kg]{ qmdsf]

ef}uf]lns If]qsf] sfof{nodf ;?jf ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-&_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg of] pkbkmf k|f/De ePkl5

lgo'lQm x'g] /fhkq cg+lst lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ nf]s;]jf cfof]uaf6 h'g c~rncGtu{t

l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] xf], ;f]xL c~rnleqsf sfof{nox¿afx]s kfFr jif{;Dd cGoq ;?jf

ul/g] 5}g .

t/ /fhkq cglÍt k|yd >]0fLsf] kbdf l;kmfl/; ePsf] sd{rf/Ln] l;kmfl/;

ePsf] sfof{nosf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw ;]jf u/]kl5 ;f] ljsf; If]qleq ;?jf x'g

;Sg]5 .

-*_ pkbkmf -$_ sf] v08 -u_ sf] cj:yfdf afx]s cGo kl/l:ylt k/L o;

bkmfadf]lhdsf] cjlw gk'Ub} s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ ;?jf ul/Pdf To:tf] sd{rf/LnfO{

gofF 7fpFdf aGbf]a:t ug{sf] nflu tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] /sd lbOg]5 .

t/ s'g} sd{rf/L cfkm\gf] cg'/f]wdf ;?jf ePsf] jf sf7df8fF} pkTosfleqsf] Pp6f

lgsfoaf6 sf7df8f}+ pkTosfleqs} csf]{ lgsfodf jf Pp6} lhNnfsf] lhNnf

;b/d'sfdleqsf] Pp6f sfof{noaf6 ;f]xL lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfdleqsf] csf]{ sfof{nodf

ul/Psf] ;?jfdf jf cjlw gtf]lsg] kbsf] ;?jfdf To:tf] /sd lbOg] 5}g .

-(_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cWoog labfdf /x]sf] jf

:jtM lgnDagdf /x]sf] jf 5 dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlw;Dd cGo s'g} labfdf /x]sf] jf tLg

dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlw sfhdf vl6Psf] jf s'g} vf; sfdsf] nflu jf s'g} vf; cfof]hgf

sfof{Gjog ug{sf] nflu v6fOg] sd{rf/Lsf] kbflwsf/ lhNnf:t/sf] sfof{nodf jf sfof{no

k|d'v jf ljefuLo k|d'vsf] kbdf /x]sf] eP ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] ;xdlt lnO{ ;f]

rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt . t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .


17

cjlwe/sf] nflu ljz]if kb l;h{gf u/L To:tf] sd{rf/Lsf] kbflwsf/ s]Gb|Lo:t/sf] lgsfodf

;fg{ ;lsg]5 .

-!)_ pkbkmf -#_ sf] v08 -s_ / -v_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g}

dGqfno / cGtu{tsf] ljefu jf sfof{nosf] lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ csf]{ dGqfno /

cGtu{tsf] ljefu jf sfof{nodf ;fdfGo k|fzf;g dGqfnon] ;?jf ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-!!_ pkbkmf -$_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;f] pkbkmfsf] v08 -u_,

-3_ jf -ª_ sf] cj:yfdf afx]s ;DalGwt sd{rf/L cfkm}n] :j]R5fn] lgj]bg glbO{ /fhkq

cglÍt jf >]0fLljxLg sd{rf/LnfO{ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw k"/f geO{ ;?jf ul/g]

5}g .

-!@_ o; bkmf ljk/Lt ;?jf ug]{ kbflwsf/LnfO{ clVtof/jfnfn] ljefuLo

sf/afxL ug]{5 / To:tf] ;?jf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon] /2 ug{]5 . ;fdfGo k|zf;g

dGqfnon] u/]sf] ;?jf eP g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\n] /2 ug]{5 .

-!#_ ;?jf;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsPad]flhd x'g]5 .

!*s= sfh;DaGwL Joj:yfM -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ lgh sfo{/t /x]sf] dGqfno, ;lrjfno,

cfof]u, ljefu jf sfof{noaf6 ;f]xL lgsfosf] sfddf dfq cGo :yfgdf sfh v6fpg

;lsg]5 . o;/L sfh v6fpFbf Ps jif{df tLg dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlwsf] nflu sfh v6fpg

kfOg] 5}g .

t/ tflnd, uf]i7L cflbdf ;f]eGbf a9L cjlwsf] nflu sfh v6fpg ;lsg]5 .

-@_ s'g} klg lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] kb gePsf] lgsfodf /

:jLs[t c:yfoL b/aGbLdf sfhdf v6fpFbf jf sfh cjlw ;dfKt gx'Fb} sfh lkmtf{ ubf{

;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] ;xdlt lng'kg]{5 . o:tf] sfuhsf] cjlw Ps k6sdf Ps

jif{eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .

t/ /fhkq cg+lst sd{rf/LnfO{ sfh v6fpgsf] nflu ;fdfGo k|zf;g

dGqfnosf] ;xdlt lnO/xg'kg]{ 5}g .

-@s_ lgjf{rg, hgu0fgf, gfkL 6f]nL, vfgL ;j]{If0fh:tf sfddf / :yfoL k|s[ltsf

cfof]u tyf ;ldltsf sfddf Psk6ssf nflu Ps jif{;Dd s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ sfh

v6fpg'kg]{ ePdf sfh v6fpg] lgsfon] ;DalGwt lgsfo / ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf]

;xdlt lnO{ sfh v6fpg'kg]{5 .






18

-@v_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} klg sfof{nosf]

ljefuLo k|d'v jf sfof{no k|d'vsf] kbdf sfo{/t /x]sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ ;f] kbdf kbflwsf/

/fvL cGoq cfof]hgfdf jf lgsfodf sfhdf v6fOg] 5}g .

-@u_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;fdfGo k|zf;g

dGqfnosf] cltl/Qm ;d"xdf kbflwsf/ ePsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ ;]jf, ;d"x ldNg] u/L h'g;'s}

lgsfodf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon] sdsfh ug{ v6fpg ;Sg]5 / s'g} lghfdtL

sd{rf/Lsf] ljz]if1tfsf] ;]jf lngsf] nflu cGt/lgsfosf] sfo{df s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{

sfdsfh ug{ sfhdf v6fpg'kg]{ ePdf sd{rf/L sfo{/t lgsfo / sfhdf lng] lgsfosf]

;xdltdf a9Ldf tLg dlxgfsf] nflu ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon] sfhdf v6fpg ;Sg]5 .

-@3_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bkmf !* sf] pkbkmf -

&_ adf]lhd lgo'lQm ePsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ ;f] adf]lhdsf] cjlw k"/f geP ;Dd Ps jif{df

tLg dxLgf eGbf a9L sfhdf v6fOg] 5}g .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_, -@_, -@s_, -@v_ / -@3_ ljk/Lt s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{

sfhdf v6fOPdf To;/L sfhdf vl6Psf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] ;f] cjlwdf vfOkfO{ cfPsf]

tna, eQf / cGo ;'ljwfafktsf] /sd sfh v6fpg] kbflwsf/Laf6 ;/sf/L afFsL ;/x

c;"npk/ u/L ljefuLo sf/afxL ul/g]5 .

-$_ o; bkmfdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg lhNnf:t/sf sfof{nox¿

:yfgLo txdf x:tfGt/0f x'Fbf To:tf lhNnf:t/sf sfof{nodf sfo{/t lghfdtL

sd{rf/LnfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] sfhdf v6fpg ;Sg]5 .

-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd sfhdf v6fOPsf sd{rf/Lsf] b/aGbL lghsf] ;]jf, ;d"x

jf pk;d"x ;~rfng ug]{ dGqfnodf /xg]5 .

-^_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd v6fOPsf] sd{rf/Lx¿ cf–cfkm\gf] ;fljssf] ;]jf, ;d"x

jf pk;d"xdf x'g] a9'jfsf] nflu pDd]bjf/ x'g ;Sg]5g\ / /fhkq cg+lst sd{rf/L eP

lgh sfo{/t lhNnfdf x'g] a9'jfsf] ;DefJo pDd]bjf/ x'g ;Sg]5g\ .


t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk . bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .


s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&@ åf/f ;+zf]lwt .


19

-^s_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bkmf ^ sf] pkbkmf -@_

df plNnlvt ;]jfsf] ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] kbdf sfo{/t sd{rf/LnfO{ ;f]xL ;]jfsf] ljlzi6

>]0fLsf] kbdf dfq sfh v6fpg ;lsg]5 .

t/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] u7g u/]sf] cfof]u, sfo{bn jf o:t} k|s[ltsf] cGo s'g} sfo{

ug{sf] nflu cjlw tf]sL sfhdf v6fpg afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}G .

-&_ sfh ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

!*v= lhDd]jf/L glbO{ /fVg gx'g]M -!_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf afx]s s'g} klg lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{

kbLo lhDd]jf/L glbO{ b'O{ dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlw;Dd /fVg ;lsg] 5}g M–

-s_ nfdf] labfdf /x]sf]df,

-v_ lgnDag ePsf]df,

-u_ cGoq sfhdf vl6Psf] sf/0f kbflwsf/ /x]sf] kbdf sfod /fVg kg]{

ePdf .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ ljk/Lt s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ kbLo lhDd]jf/L glbO{ /fv]df

lhDd]jf/L lbO{ sfddf nufpg'kg]{ bfloTj ePsf] kbflwsf/LnfO{ ljefuLo sf/afxL x'g]5 .

!*u= ;doleq} sfo{ ;DkGg ug'{kg]{M -!_ of] P]g k|f/De ePkl5 ;DalGwt lgsfon] lgo'lQm, ;?jf,

sfh, sfod d'sfod ;DaGwdf o; P]gadf]lhd ldnfg ug'{kg]{ sfd b'O{ dlxgfleq ;DkGg

u/L ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnonfO{ lbg'kg]{5 .

-@_ ;DalGwt lgsfon] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;dofjlwleq ;f] sfd gu/]df

;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon] tTsfn ug]{5 .

!*3= cltl/Qm ;d"x M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;fdfGo k|zf;g

dGqfnodf Ps cltl/Qm ;d"x /xg]5 .

-@_ s'g} klg sfof{nodf kmflhndf /x]sf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx¿sf] kbflwsf/

pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;d"xdf ;fg{ ;lsg]5 .

-#_ s'g} klg lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ b'O{ dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlw;Dd cltl/Qm ;d"xdf

/fVbf bkmf !*v= sf] ljk/Lt gx'g] u/L /fVg'kg]{5 .

-$_ cltl/Qm ;d"x;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

!*ª= lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] ;hfosf] clen]v /fVg] M -!_ ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno / ;DalGwt

lgsfon] lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] ;hfosf] clen]v /fVg'kg]{5 .

rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk . bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .




20

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /flvPsf] clen]vnfO{ b]xfoadf]lhdsf] cjlwe/ ljefuLo

k|d'vdf kb:yfkg ubf{, sfod d'sfod d's// ubf{, s'g} klg lgsfosf] k|d'vsf] kbdf

lhDd]jf/L lbFbf, sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg ubf{, lghfdtL ;]jf k'/:sf/ jf lje"if0f k|bfg ubf{,

cWoog jf tflnddf dgf]gog ubf{, :t/ j[l4 ubf{ / cGo s'g} lsl;dsf] cj;/ k|bfg ubf{

cfwf/ lng'kg]{5M–

-s_ gl;xt kfPsf]df ;f] ;hfo kfPsf] ldltn] Ps jif{sf] cjlwe/,

-v_ lgnDag ePsf]df ;f] cjlwe/,

-u_ a9'jf /f]Ssf ePsf]df /f]Ssf ePsf] cjlwe/,

-3_ tna j[l4 /f]Ssf ePsf]df /f]Ssf cjlwe/ .

!*r= g]t[Tj d"Nof+sg M /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fL jf ;f]eGbf dflysf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] g]t[Tj

d"Nofsg;DaGwL Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

!(= a9'jfM -!_ g]kfn Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkqf+lst kbdf afx]s cGo lghfdtL ;]jfsf] /fhkqf+lst

kbdf a9'jf ubf{ bkmf @) adf]lhdsf] a9'jf ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df ul/g]5 .

-@_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg /fhkqf+lst ljlzi6

>]0fLsf] kbdf b]xfoadf]lhd a9'jf ul/g]5M–

-s_ /fhkqf+lst ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] d'Vo ;lrjsf] kbdf a9'jf ubf{

axfnjfnf ;lrjx¿dWo]af6 g]kfn ;/sf/n] Ho]i7tf /

sfo{s'zntfsf] cfwf/df 5gf}6 u/L a9'jf ug]{5 .

-v_ /fhkqf+lst ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] ;lrj jf ;f] ;/xsf] kbdf eP M–

-!_ l/Qm kbdWo] aL; k|ltzt kbdf sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgdf

cf};tdf kGrfgAa] k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L cÍ k|fKt u/]sf

/ ;DalGwt ;]jfsf] /fhkqflÍt k|yd >]0fL jf ;f] ;/xsf]

kbdf ;a}eGbf a9L ;]jf cjlw ePsf] ;DefJo

pDd]bjf/nfO{ a9'jf ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df g]kfn ;/sf/n]

a9'jf ug]{5 .

-@_ l/Qm kb dWo] c;L k|ltzt kbdf sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgsf]

cfwf/df ;a}eGbf a9L cÍ k|fKt ug]{ ;DalGwt ;]jfsf

;DefJo pDd]bjf/x? dWo]af6 pknAw eP;Dd l/Qm kbsf]






21

t]Aa/ ;+Vofdf a9'jf ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf pDd]bjf/x?

dWo]af6 g]kfn ;/sf/n] Ho]i7tf / sfo{s'zntfsf] cfwf/df

pko'Qm 7x¥ofPsf] pDd]bjf/nfO{ a9'jf ug]{5 .

t/, s'g} ;]jfdf t]Aa/ ;+Vofdf ;DefJo pDd]bjf/ gePsf]

cj:yfdf t]Aa/ eGbf sd ;+Vofdf pDd]bjf/ l;kmfl/; ug{ afwf

k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .

-@s_ pkv08 -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

b]xfosf ;]jfsf /fhkqflÍt ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] kbdf b]xfo

adf]lhdsf sd{rf/Lx?af6 a9'jf ul/g]5 M–

-c_ g]kfn s[lif tyf jg ;]jfsf] kbdf g]kfn s[lif ;]jf

/ g]kfn jg ;]jfsf /fhkqflÍt k|yd >]0fLsf

sd{rf/Lx? /

-cf_ g]kfn k|zf;g ;]jfsf] kbdf g]kfn cfly{s of]hgf

tyf tYofÍ ;]jf, g]kfn k|zf;g ;]jf, g]kfn ljljw

;]jf / g]kfn lzIff ;]jfsf /fhkqflÍt k|yd

>]0fLsf sd{rf/Lx? .

-#_ o; v08 adflhd a9'jf ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; ubf{ klxn]

pkv08 -!_ adf]lhdsf] l;kmfl/; u/]kl5 pkv08 -@_

adf]lhdsf] l;kmfl/; ug]{5 .

-$_ o; v08 adf]lhd kbk"lt{sf] nflu nf]s ;]jf cfof]un]

kb;+Vof lgwf{/0f ug]{5 .

-u_ ;lrj jf ;f] ;/xsf] ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] kbdf ;DefJo pDd]bjf/ x'g

/fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fLsf sd{rf/Ln] g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf]

pRr:t/Lo Joj:yfkg tflnd;d]t pQL0f{ u/]sf] x'g'kg]{5 .

t/ of] bkmf k|f/De ePkl5 Ps jif{leq x'g] a9'jfdf of]

Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .

-3_ v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf] ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] a9'jfsf] nflu sfo{;Dkfbg

d"Nof+sgsf] u0fgf ubf{ a9'jf x'g hlt jif{sf] Go"gtd ;]jf cjlw

rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk . bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .


22

cfjZos kg]{ xf], kl5Nnf] Tolt jif{sf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgsf]

u0fgf ul/g]5 .

t/ of] bkmf k|f/De ePkl5 ;+jt\ @)^$ ;fn sflt{s

d;fGtleq a9'jf ubf{ ;+jt\ @)^# ;fn cfiff9 d;fGt;Ddsf]

dlxnf, cflbjf;L÷hghflt, dw];L, blnt, ckf+u / lk5l8Psf]

If]qdf :yfoL a;f]af; ePsf sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf kl5Nnf] tLg jif{ /

cGosf] xsdf kl5Nnf] rf/ jif{sf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgsf] cfwf/df

a9'jf ul/g]5 .

-ª_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] s'g} klg kb l/Qm ePsf] ldltn]

kGw| lbg leq ;DefJo pDd]bjf/sf] l;kmfl/; ug'{ kg]{5 / l;kmfl/;

ePsf] ldltn] kGw| lbgleq l/Qm kbdf kbk"lt{ ug'{ kg]{5 .

@)= a9'jf ;ldltM -!_ g]kfn Gofo ;]jfsf] /fhkqf+lst kbdf / /fhkq cg+lst kbaf6

/fhkqf+lst kbdf a9'jf x'g] afx]s lghfdtL ;]jfsf] cGo /fhkqf+lst kbdf a9'jfsf] nflu

l;kmfl/; ug{ b]xfoadf]lhdsf] a9'jf ;ldlt /xg]5M–

-s_ nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIf jf lghn] tf]s]sf] nf]s;]jf

cfof]usf] ;b:o – cWoIf

-v_ nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIfn] tf]s]sf] nf]s;]jf cfof]usf]

;b:o – ;b:o

-u_ d'Vo ;lrj – ;b:o

-3_ nf]s;]jf cfof]uåf/f dgf]gLt ;DalGwt ljifosf ljz]if1 – ;b:o

-ª_ ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] ;lrj –;b:o– ;lrj

-!s_ /fhkq cg+lst k|yd >]0fLaf6 /fhkqf+lst t[tLo >]0fLsf] kbdf a9'jfsf]

nflu l;kmfl/; ug{ b]xfoadf]lhdsf] a9'jf ;ldlt /xg]5 M–

-s_ nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIfn] tf]s]sf] nf]s;]jf

cfof]usf] ;b:o – cWoIf

-v_ nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] ;lrj – ;b:o

-u_ ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] ;lrj – ;b:o

-3_ nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] cWoIfaf6 dgf]gLt ;DalGwt

ljifosf] ljz]if1 – ;b:o

rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt . klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .



23

-ª_ ;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"x ;~rfng ug]{ dGqfnosf]

;lrj jf lghn] tf]s]sf] /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fLsf]

clws[t – ;b:o–;lrj

-!v_ pkbkmf -!s_ adf]lhdsf] a9'jf ;ldltsf] ;lrjfno ;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"x

;~rfng ug]{ dGqfnodf /xg]5 .

-@_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] /fhkq cg+lst kbdf a9'jfsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ug{ tf]lsPsf]

a9'jf ;ldlt /xg]5 .

-#_ a9'jf ;ldltn] lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx¿sf] a9'jfsf] l;kmfl/; ug{ ckgfpg'kg]{

sfo{ljlw tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

-$_ a9'jf ;ldltn] a9'jf gfdfjnL k|sfzg ubf{ a9'jfsf] nflu cfj]bg kmf/fd

e/]sf ;DefJo pDd]bjf/x¿n] kfPsf] s'n c+s;d]t k|sfzg ug'{kg]{5 .

-$s_ a9'jf ;ldltn] cfj]bg kmf/fd a'emfpg] clGtd ldltn] rf/ dlxgfleq

a9'jfsf] glthf k|sfzg ug'{kg]{5 .

-%_ a9'jf ;ldltn] jflif{s sfo{tflnsf agfO{ ;f] tflnsf adf]lhd cfkm\gf] sfo{

;~rfng ug'{kg]{5 .

@)s= a9'jf;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yfM -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg Pp6}

>]0fLdf sDtLdf kGw| jif{;Dd axfn /lx/x]sf /fhkqf+lst

k|yd >]0fL jf ;f]eGbf d'lgsf

lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] bkmf ## adf]lhd cjsfz x'g Ps dlxgf afFsL ePdf lghnfO{ Ps

>]0fL dflysf] kbdf a9'jf ul/g]5 .

-@_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg Pp6} kbdf sDtLdf kGw|

jif{;Dd axfn /lx/x]sf /fhkqf+lst

k|yd >]0fL jf ;f]eGbf d'lgsf s'g} lghfdtL

sd{rf/Ln] bkmf #% adf]lhd :j]lR5s cjsfz lng rfxL lgj]bg lbPdf lghnfO{ Ps >]0fL

dflysf] kbdf a9'jf u/L cjsfz lbOg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd a9'jf ug{sf] nflu :jtM ljz]if kb l;h{gf x'g]5 /

To:tf] lghfdtL sd{rf/L ;]jfaf6 cjsfz ePkl5 ;f] kb :jtM vf/]h x'g]5 .

-$_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg Pp6} kbdf o;

bkmfadf]lhdsf] cjlw k"/f ePsf] s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] d[To' ePdf To:tf] sd{rf/Lsf]

kl/jf/nfO{ Ps >]0fL dflysf] kbsf] lgj[Qe/0fnufotsf cGo ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/g]5 .





24

-%_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg sDtLdf kGw| jif{;Dd

Pp6} kbdf axfn /x]sf /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fL / /fhkqf+lst låtLo >]0fLsf lghfdtL

sd{rf/Ln] a9'jf eO{ cjsfz lng rfx]df To:tf] sd{rf/LnfO{ Ps >]0fLdfly a9'jf u/L

cjsfz lbOg]5 .

@!= a9'jfsf] nflu pDd]bjf/ x'g rflxg] Go"gtd ;]jf cjlw / z}lIfs of]UotfM -!_ a9'jfsf]

lgldQ pDd]bjf/ x'g a9'jf x'g] kbsf] >]0fLeGbf Ps >]0fL d'lgsf] kbsf] nflu

tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] z}lIfs of]Uotf / b]xfoadf]lhdsf] Go"gtd ;]jf cjlw k'u]sf] x'g'kg]{5M–

-s_ /fhkq cgl°t kbsf] lgldQ tLg jif{,

-v_ /fhkqf+lst kbsf] lgldQ kfFr jif{ .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg dlxnf, cflbjf;L÷hghflt,

dw];L, blnt, ckf+u / lk5l8Psf] If]qdf :yfoL a;f]af; ePsf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx¿sf]

plNnlvt ;]jf cjlwdf Ps jif{ sd ;]jf cjlw eP klg a9'jfsf] nflu ;DefJo pDd]bjf/

x'g]5g\ .

@@= a9'jfsf] nflu ;DefJo pDd]bjf/ x'g gkfpg]M bkmf @! df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

b]xfosf] cj:yfdf b]xfosf] cjlwe/ lghfdtL sd{rf/L a9'jfsf] nflu ;DefJo pDd]bjf/

x'g kfpg] 5}gM–

-s_ lgnDag ePsf]df lgnDag ePsf] cjlwe/,

-v_ a9'jf /f]Ssf ePsf]df /f]Ssf ePsf] cjlwe/,

-u_ tna j[l4 /f]Ssf ePsf]df /f]Ssf ePsf] cjlwe/ .

-3_ bkmf @^ adf]lhd ;]jf jf ;d"x kl/jt{g u/]sf] sd{rf/L eP To;/L ;]jf jf

;d"x kl/jt{g ePsf] ldltn] tLg jif{ / cfkm}+n] lgj]bg lbO{ ;]jf jf ;d"x

kl/jt{g u/]sf] eP To;/L ;]jf jf ;d"x kl/jt{g u/]sf] ldltn] kfFr jif{sf]

cjlwe/ .

@@s= a9'jf lgo'lQmsf] /f]Ssf tyf km's'jfM s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] a9'jfsf] nflu l;kmfl/;

eO;s]kl5 a9'jf lgo'lQm gkfpGh]n lgnDag jf a9'jf /f]Ssf jf tna j[l4 /f]Ssf ePdf

plNnlvt cjlwe/ lghsf] a9'jf lgo'lQm /f]Ssf ul/g]5 / lgnDagaf6 lghn] ;kmfO{ kfPdf





[[


25

jf /f]Ssf cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5 lgh lgnDag jf /f]Ssf geP;/x dfgL lgo'lQm lbO{

h]i7tfdfq sfod ul/g]5 .

@#= ===============

@$= sfo{Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df x'g] a9'jfsf] cfwf/M -!_ a9'jf ;ldltn] lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{

sfo{Ifdtfafkt kfPsf] s'n c+ssf] cfwf/df a9'jfsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ug]{5 .

-@_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] sfo{Ifdtfsf] d"Nof+sg ubf{ b]xfoadf]lhd a9Ldf Ps ;o

c+s lbOg]5M–

-s_ sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgafkt – rfnL; c+s

-v_ Ho]i7tfafkt – tL; c+s

-u_ z}lIfs of]Uotfafkt – afx| c+s

-3_ ef}uf]lns If]qdf sfd u/]afkt – ;f]x| c+s

-ª_ tflndafkt – b'O{ c+s

-#_ ;DefJo pDd]bjf/sf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgafkt c+s u0fgf ubf{ cfiff9

d;fGt;Ddsf] lx;fan] / cGo c+ssf] u0fgf ubf{ a9'jfsf] b/vf:t lbg] clGtd Dofb;Dd

xfl;n u/]sf] c+s u0fgf ul/g]5 .

@$s= sfo{;Dkfbgsf] d"Nof+sgM -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] sfo{;Dkfbgsf] d"Nof+sg ug{

tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg kmf/fd k|of]u ul/g]5 .

-@_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgsf] s'n c+ssf] ljefhg

b]xfoadf]lhd x'g]5 M–

-s_ ;'kl/j]Ifsn] lbg ;Sg] clwstd kRrL; c+s

-v_ k'g/fjnf]sgstf{n] lbg ;Sg] clwstd bz c+s

-u_ k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltn] lbg ;Sg] clwstd kfFr c+s

-#_ ;'k/Lj]Ifs, k'g/fjnf]sgstf{, k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltn] lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx¿sf]

sfo{ ;Dkfbgafkt c+s lb+bf o; bkmf / sfo{ ;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg kmf/fddf plNnlvt cfwf/

cg'¿k lbg'kg]{5 .

-$_ /fhkqfl°t lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof°g cw{jflif{s / jflif{s

¿kdf tyf /fhkq cgl°t sd{rf/Lsf] nflu jflif{s ¿kdf ul/g]5 .

klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f vf/]h . bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .



26

-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd cw{jflif{s ¿kdf sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg ubf{ ;f] cjlw

;dfKt ePsf] ;ft lbgleq ;DalGwt /fhkqfl°t sd{rf/Ln] lgwf{l/t sfo{x¿, ;Dkflbt

sfo{x¿, s'g} sfo{ ;DkGg x'g g;s]sf] eP To:tf] ;DkGg x'g g;s]sf sfo{x¿ / To;sf]

sf/0f;lxt pNn]v u/L tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf b'O{k|lt kmf/fd e/L ;'kl/j]Ifs;dIf k]; ug'{kg]{5 .

To;/L k]; ePsf] kmf/fd ;'kl/j]Ifsn] d"Nof+sg u/L k[i7kf]if0f lbg'kg]{ s'/f kmf/fdsf] lglb{i6

:yfgdf g} pNn]v u/L csf]{ ;ft lbgleq Ps k|lt ;DalGwt sd{rf/LnfO{ lkmtf{ lbg'kg]{5 .

jflif{s sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg ubf{ cw{jflif{s ¿kdf el/Psf k|To]s sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg

kmf/fdsf] ;d]t cfwf/ lng'kg]{5 . cw{jflif{s sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg kmf/fd lglb{i6 ;dodf

geg]{ sd{rf/L / To;sf] hfFr u/L k[i7kf]if0f glbg] ;'kl/j]IfsnfO{ clVtof/jfnfn] ljefuLo

sf/afxL ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-^_ jflif{s ¿kdf d"Nof+sg ug'{kg]{ sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg /fhkq cgl°t

sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf ;DalGwt sfof{no k|d'v tyf ljefuLo k|d'vn] tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq

d"Nof+sg u/L, u/fO{ To;sf] tLg k|lt tof/ u/L Ps k|lt nf]s;]jf cfof]u, Ps k|lt a9'jf

;ldltsf] ;lrjfnodf k7fO{ csf]{ Ps k|lt ;DalGwt sfof{nodf /fVg'kg]{5 . Ps jif{df

PseGbf a9L sfof{nodf sfo{/t sd{rf/ln] ;?jf eO{ /dfgf lnO{ cfpFbf tf]lsPadf]lhdsf]

9fFrfdf ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]Ifsaf6 sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg kmf/fd e/fO{ ;f] ;d]t lnO{

cfpg'kg]{5 . jflif{s sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg ug]{ ;'kl/j]Ifsn] To;/L k|fKt ;fljs sfof{nosf]

;'kl/j]Ifssf] d"Nof+sgnfO{ ;d]t cfwf/ lng'kg]{5 . /fhkqf+lst lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf

;DalGwt dGqfno, ;lrjfno jf cfof]u jf s]Gb|Lo lgsfosf] ;lrjn] tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq

d"Nof+sg u/L u/fO{ To;sf] tLg k|lt tof/ u/L Ps k|lt nf]s;]jf cfof]u / Ps k|lt a9'jf

;ldltsf] ;lrjfnodf k7fO{ csf]{ Ps k|lt ;DalGwt dGqfno, ;lrjfno jf cfof]u jf

s]Gb|Lo lgsfodf /fVg'kg]{5 . sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg ug]{ k|To]s lgsfon] tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq

cfkm"n] d"Nof+sg u/]sf] kmf/fd k]; ug'{kg]{ lgsfodf k7fPsf] gfdfjnL;lxtsf] ;"rgf ;ft

lbgleq cfkm\gf] sfof{nosf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf k|sfzg ug'{kg]{5 .

-^s_ k|To]s lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm\gf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg kmf/fd e/L

tf]lsPsf] ;dofjlwleq ;DalGwt sfof{nodf btf{ ug'{kg]{5 . To:tf] cjlwleq btf{ ug{

g;sL ;f]sf] dgfl;a sf/0f;lxt Dofb yksf] nflu ;DalGwt sd{rf/Ln] lgj]bg lbPdf /

;'kl/j]Ifsn] lgj]bgdf pNn]lvt sf/0f dgfl;a b]v]df tf]lsPsf] ;dofjlw ;dfKt ePsf]

ldltn] kGw| lbg;Ddsf] Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg]5 . To;/L ylkPsf] Dofbleq ;f]xL cfly{s




27

jif{leq} sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg kmf/fd btf{ x'g cfPdf btf{ ePsf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg

kmf/fddf d"Nof+sgafkt s'n k|fKtf°af6 k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltn] Ps c+s 36fpg]5 .

t/ sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg kmf/fd eg]{ ;dofjlwdf s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/L j}b]lzs

tflnd, uf]i7L jf cWoog e|d0f cflbdf sfhdf hfg'kg]{ cj:yf k/]df To;/L hfg'eGbf

cufj} sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg kmf/fd e/L ;DalGwt sfof{nodf btf{ u/fpg'kg]{5 . To;/L

btf{ ePsf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg kmf/fdnfO{ lgwf{l/t ;dod} btf{ ePsf] dfgL d"Nof+sg

ug'{kg]{5 .

-^v_ lghdtL sd{rf/Ln] ;dodf g} e/L btf{ u/]sf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg kmf/fd

tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq d"Nof+sg gug]{ kbflwsf/LnfO{ ljefuLo sf/afxL ul/g]5 .

-^u_ k|To]s jif{ ul/g] jflif{s sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltaf6

eO;s]kl5 ;DalGwt sd{rf/Ln] To; jif{ k|fKt u/]sf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgsf] s'n c+s

lghn] lgj]bg lbO{ dfu u/]df k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltsf] ;lrjfnon] hfgsf/L lbg'kg]{5 .

t/ k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltn] lbPsf] c+s hfgsf/L u/fOg] 5}g .

-^3_ pkbkmf -^u_ adf]lhd hfgsf/L lnPkl5 ;'kl/j]Ifs / k'g/fjnf]sgstf{n]

u/]sf] d"Nof+sg s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ lrQ ga'em]df ;f]sf] 7f]; cfwf/ / sf/0f;lxt ;ft

lbgleq tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] clwsf/L;dIf ph'/L ug{ ;Sg]5 . To;/L ph'/L u/]sf]df To:tf]

clwsf/Ln] ph'/Lpk/ ;DalGwt ;'kl/j]Ifs / k'g/fjnf]sgstf{;+u k/fdz{ u/L cfjZos

5fglag ug]{5 / cfjZos b]lvPdf To:tf] d"Nof+sg kmf/fddf k|fKt c+s tf]lsPadf]lhd

;+zf]wg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-&_ jflif{s ¿kdf ul/g] sfo{ ;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgafkt ;'kl/j]Ifs jf

k'g/fjnf]sgstf{n] (% k|ltzteGbf a9L jf &% k|ltzteGbf sd c+s k|bfg u/]sf]df ;f]sf]

:ki6 sf/0f v'nfpg'k5{ / &% k|ltzteGbf sd c+s lbPsf]df ;DalGwt sd{rf/LnfO{

hfgsf/L u/fO{ lghn] k|ltlqmof lbPdf ;f] ;d]t /fvL k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt;dIf k]z

ug'{kg]{5 . sfo{ ;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgdf k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltnfO{ ;'kl/j]Ifs jf

k'g/fjnf]sgstf{ jf b'j}sf] ;f] d"Nof+sg lrQ ga'em]df ;f]sf] :ki6 sf/0f;d]t v'nfO{ lkmtf{

k7fpg ;Sg]5 . To;/L lkmtf{ k7fPsf]df ;DalGwt d"Nof+sgstf{n] k'gM d"Nof+sg u/L jf

klxn] u/]sf] d"Nof+sgdf ;+zf]wg ug{ cfjZos geP ;f]sf] cf}lrTok"0f{ sf/0f v'nfO{

k7fpg'kg]{5 .



28

-*_ sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgsf] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ c+s u0fgf ubf{ a9'jfsf] nflu

;DefJo pDd]bjf/ x'g hlt jif{sf] ;]jf cfjZos kg]{ xf] kl5Nnf] Tolt jif{sf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg

d"Nof+sg kmf/fdsf] cf};taf6 lx;fa ul/g]5 .

t/,

-!_ cWoog jf tflnddf uPsf] jf lgnDag eO{ lgnDag km's'jf ePsf]df

lgnDag cjlwsf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+safkt To:tf] cWoog jf tflnddf

hfg'eGbf jf lgnDag x'g'eGbf tTsfn cl3sf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg ePdf

;f]xL jif{sf] / To:tf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg gePdf xflh/ ePkl5 e/]sf]

sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgdf hlt c+s kfPsf] 5 ;f]xL cg'kftdf g} c+s u0fgf

ul/g]5 .

-@_ c;fwf/0f labfdf a;]sf] cjlwnfO{ s6fP/ dfq} ;DefJo pDd]bjf/Lsf]

lx;fa ul/g]5 / To:tf] labf cjlwsf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg kmf/fd el/g]

5}g . c;fwf/0f labfdf a;]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgsf]

k|of]hgsf] lgldQ c+s u0fgf ubf{ c;fwf/0f labfdf a;]sf] cjlw s6fO{

;f]eGbf cufl8 jf k5fl8sf jif{x¿sf a9'jfsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ cjlwsf]

sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sgafktsf] c+s u0fgf ul/g]5 .

-(_ =========

-!)_ sfo{;Dkfbg d"Nof+sg;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

@$v= Ho]i7tfsf] d"Nof+sgM lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ Ho]i7tfafktsf] c+s k|bfg ubf{ xfn axfn

/x]sf] b]xfoadf]lhdsf] >]0fLdf sfd u/]afkt b]xfosf] b/n] a9Ldf tL; c+s k|bfg ul/g]5 M

-s_ /fhkq cg+lst t[tLo / låtLo >]0fLsf kbdf sfd u/]afkt k|To]s jif{sf]

c+s #=&% sf] b/n],

-v_ /fhkq cg+lst k|yd >]0fLsf] kbdf sfd u/]afkt k|To]s jif{sf] c+s # sf]

b/n],

-u_ /fhkqf+lst t[tLo / låtLo >]0fLsf] kbdf sfd u/]afkt k|To]s jif{sf] c+s

@=% sf] b/n] .

t/,

-!_ Ho]i7tfafkt c+s u0fgf ubf{ Ps jif{eGbf a9L rfgr'g dlxgf jf

lbgsf] nflu bfdf;fxLsf] lx;fan] c+s lbOg]5 .




29

-@_ o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu uon ePsf] jf c;fwf/0f labfdf

a;]sf] cjlwsf] c+s lbOg] 5}g .

@$u= ef}uf]lns If]qsf] ljefhgM -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ ljleGg ef}uf]lns If]qdf sfd u/]sf]

cg'ejsf] c+s k|bfg ubf{ b]zsf] ljleGg ef}uf]lns If]qnfO{ qmdzM æsÆ, ævÆ, æuÆ / æ3Æ

rf/ ju{df ljefhg u/L b]xfoadf]lhdsf] kbdf tLdWo] Ps jf PseGbf a9L ju{df sfd

u/]sf] cg'ejafkt ;f]x| c+sdf ga9\g] u/L b]xfoadf]lhd c+s lbOg]5M–

-s_ /fhkq cg+lst t[tLo / låtLo >]0fLsf] kbdf,–

-!_ æsÆ ju{df sfd u/]sf] k|To]s jif{sf] nflu c+s $=)) sf b/n],

-@_ ævÆ ju{df sfd u/]sf] k|To]s jif{sf] nflu c+s #=@% sf b/n],

-#_ æuÆ ju{df sfd u/]sf] k|To]s jif{sf] nflu c+s @=%) sf b/n],

-$_ æ3Æ ju{df sfd u/]sf] k|To]s jif{sf] nflu c+s @=)) sf b/n] .

-v_ /fhkq cg+lst k|yd >]0fLsf] kbdf,–




-$_ æ3Æ ju{df sfd u/]sf] k|To]s jif{sf] nflu c+s !=%) sf b/n] .

-u_ /fhkqf+lst t[tLo / låtLo >]0fLsf] kbdf,–




-$_ æ3Æ ju{df sfd u/]sf] k|To]s jif{sf] nflu c+s !=@% sf b/n] .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg of] bkmf k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt

s'g} sd{rf/Ln] ef}uf]lns If]qafkt k|fKt ul/;s]sf] c+s 36\g] 5}g .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ljleGg ef}uf]lns If]qx¿sf] ljj/0f

tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .



30

-$_ s'g} Ps ef}uf]lns If]qdf sDtLdf b'O{ ;o t]QL; lbg ?h' xflh/ geO{ ;f]

ef}uf]lns If]qsf] c+s kfOg] 5}g . b'O{ ;o t]QL; lbgeGbf a9L cjlwsf] nflu bfdf;fxLsf]

b/n] ;f]xL ef}uf]lns If]qsf] / ;f]eGbf sd cjlwsf] nflu h'g;'s} ef}uf]lns If]qdf sfd

u/]sf] eP klg æ3Æ ju{;/xsf] c+s lbOg]5 . ef}uf]lns If]qdf sfd u/]afkt kfpg] c+s h'g

>]0fLdf a9'jf x'g] xf] ;f] >]0fLeGbf Ps >]0fL d'lgsf] kbdf k|fKt u/]sf] eP dfq u0fgf

ul/g]5 .

-%_ ljb]zl:yt g]kfnL s"6g}lts lgof]u jf cGo s'g} sfof{nodf sfd ug]{

sd{rf/LnfO{ æ3Æ ju{;/xsf] / cWoog labf tyf j}b]lzs tflnddf sfhdf hfg] lghfdtL

sd{rf/LnfO{ æ3Æ ju{sf] nflu tf]lsPsf] c+ssf] cfwf c+s lbOg]5 .

@$3= z}lIfs of]Uotf / tflndsf] d"Nof+sgM -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] c+s

lbFbf lghfdtL ;]jfsf] s'g} kbdf k|j]z ug{ cfjZos kg]{ Go"gtd z}lIfs of]Uotf afkt

Psd'i7 gf} c+s / ;]jf k|j]zsf] lgldQ tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd z}lIfs of]UotfeGbf dflysf] ;]jf,

;d"x jf pk–;d"x;Fu ;DalGwt ljifosf] Ps cltl/Qm z}lIfs pkflwafkt Psd'i6 tLg c+s

lbOg]5 . ;]jf k|j]z ug{ cfjZos Go"gtd z}lIfs of]UotfeGbf dflyNnf] z}lIfs pkflw dfq

kfPsf] cj:yfdf klg ;f]xL a/fa/sf] b'j} c+s lbOg]5 .

-@_ ========

-#_ bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -5_ / -h_ adf]lhd v'Nnf k|ltof]lutfåf/f

k"lt{ x'g] /fhkqf+lst låtLo / k|yd >]0fLsf] kbsf] lgldQ lgwf{l/t Go"gtd z}lIfs

of]Uotfafx]s /fhkqf+lst låtLo >]0fLeGbf dflysf] kbdf a9'jfsf] nflu klg /fhkqf+lst

t[tLo >]0fLsf] ;]jf k|j]zsf] nflu lgwf{l/t Go"gtd z}lIfs of]UotfnfO{ Go"gtd z}lIfs

of]Uotf dflgg]5 .

-$_ =========

-%_ ;]jfsfnLg tflndafkt k|yd >]0fLsf] nflu @ c+s, låtLo >]0fLsf] nflu

!=&% c+s / t[tLo >]0fLsf] nflu !=% c+s k|bfg ul/g]5 .

-^_ lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ tflndsf] c+s lb+bf Ps dlxgf jf ;f]eGbf a9L cjlwsf]

;]jf;+u ;DalGwt ljifosf] ;]jfsfnLg tflndafkt c+s lbOg]5 . tflndsf] c+s u0fgf ubf{

h'g >]0fLdf 5Fbf tflndsf] nflu dgf]gog ePsf] xf] ;f] c+s ;f]xL >]0fLsf] nflu dfq u0fgf

ul/g]5 .






31

:ki6Ls/0f M æPs dlxgfsf] tflndÆ eGgfn] tL; sfo{ lbg jf ;f]eGbf a9L cjlwsf]

;]jf;+u ;DalGwt tflndnfO{ hgfpg]5 .

-&_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] z}lIfs of]Uotf / ;]jfsfnLg tflndafktsf] k|dfl0ft

k|ltlnlk k]z ug'{kg]{5 . ;f] k]z gu/]df To;afkt c+s lbOg] 5}g .

-*_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] a9'jf k|of]hgsf] nflu b/vf:t;+u k]; u/]sf] z}lIfs

of]Uotf ;f] ;]jf, ;d"x, pk;d"x;+u ;DalGwt xf] jf xf]Og eGg] ;DaGwdf tf]lsPadf]lhdsf]

;Da4tf lgwf{/0f ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/]adf]lhd x'g]5 . a9'jf k|of]hgsf] nflu b/vf:t;+u k];

u/]sf] z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] ;Da4tf lgwf{/0f a9'jf ;ldltsf] a}7s a:g'eGbf cufl8sf]

ldlt;Dd ePdf To:tf] z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] c+s a9'jfsf] nflu u0fgf ul/g]5 .

-(_ o; bkmfsf] cwLgdf /xL tflnd lbg] ;+:yf / tflndsf] :t/;DaGwL Joj:yf

;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"x ;~rfng ug]{ dGqfno;+u ;dGjo u/L ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon]

tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 .

@$3!= ========================

@$3!s=h]i7tf / sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgåf/f x'g] a9'jf M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f

n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a9'jf ;ldltn] h]i7tf / sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/df a9'jfsf]

nflu l;kmfl/; ubf{ a9'jf x'g] kbeGbf Ps >]0fL d'lgsf] kbdf ;a}eGbf a9L ;]jf cjlw

ePsf pDd]bjf/nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] cfwf/df a9'jf l;kmfl/; ug]{5 M–

-s_ a9'jfsf] nflu ;DefJo pDd]bjf/ x'g hlt jif{sf] ;]jf cjlw cfjZos kg]{

xf] kl5Nnf] Tolt jif{sf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍg cf};tdf kGrfgAa] k|ltzt jf

;f]eGbf a9L cÍ k|fKt u/]sf],

-v_ /fhkq cglÍst k|yd >]0fLsf] kbsf] nflu sDtLdf P;=Pn=;L= jf ;f]

;/xsf] z}lIfs of]Uotf ePsf],

-!_ /fhkqflÍs låtLo >]0fL jf ;f] eGbf dflysf] kbsf] nflu ;DalGwt

;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"x;Fu ;DalGwt ljifodf sDtLdf :gfts tx

jf ;f] ;/xsf] tyf /fhkqflÍs t[tLo >]0fLsf] kbsf] nflu ;DalGwt

;]jf, ;d"x jf pk–;d"x;Fu ;DalGwt ljifodf sDtLdf k|df0fkq

tx jf ;f] ;/xsf] z}lIfs of]Uotf ePsf],


t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ldlt @)&) ;fn r}q @( b]lv nfu" x'g] u/L vf/]h .



32

-@_ a9'jf x'g] kbeGbf Ps >]0fL d'lgsf] kbdf ;DalGwt ;]jf, ;d"x jf

pk;d"x;Fu ;DalGwt ljifodf Ps dlxgf jf ;f]eGbf a9Lsf]

;jfsfnLg tflnd lnPsf],

t/ ef}uf]lns If]qdf sfd u/] afkt k"/f cÍ k|fKt u/]sf]

;DefJo pDd]bjf/ gePdf jf 5'6\ofOPsf] l/Qm kbdf ;DefJo

pDd]bjf/ gk'u x'g] cj:yf ePdf To:tf] kbdf ef}uf]lns If]qdf

sfd u/] afkt k"/f cÍ k|fKt gu/]sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ klg ;DefJo

pDd]bjf/ sfod u/L a9'jf ul/g]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a9'jf ;ldltn]] bkmf & sf]

pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -3_ adf]lhdsf] h]i7tf / sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/df a9'jfsf] nflu

l;kmfl/; ubf{ b]xfosf] cfwf/df a9'jfsf] l;kmfl/; ug]{5 M–

-s_ kl5Nnf] tLg jif{sf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgsf] cf};tdf kGrfgAa] k|ltzt jf

;f] eGbf a9L c+s k|fKt u/]sf],

-v_ ;DalGwt ;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"xsf] /fhkq cglÍt låtLo >]0fLsf] nflu

tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd z}lIfs of]Uotf xfl;n u/]sf], /

-u_ >]0fL ljlxg kbdf jf /fhkq cglÍt kfFrf}+ >]0fLsf] kbdf cfj4 ePsf

pDd]bjf/nfO{ >]0fL ljlxg kbdf u/]sf] ;]jf cjlw ;d]t u0fgf u/L sDtLdf

s'n ;]jf cjlw aL; jif{ k"/f ePsf pDd]bjf/x? dWo] ;a}eGbf a9L ;]jf

cjlw ePsf] .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -u_ sf] pkv08 -#_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+z adf]lhdsf

;DefJo pDd]bjf/ a9'jf ePdf To:tf] sd{rf/Lsf] h]i7tf ;f]xL pkbkmf adf]lhd a9'jf x'g]

cGo sd{rf/L eGbf kl5 x'g] u/L sfod ul/g]5 .

-$_ o; P]g adf]lhd a9'jf ubf{ o; bkmf adf]lhd ul/g] a9'jfsf] sf/jfxL ;DkGg

u/L l;kmfl/; u/]kl5 sfo{Ifdtfsf] d"NofÍgåf/f ul/g] a9'jfsf] l;kmfl/; ug'{ kg]{5 .

@$3!v=sfo{;Dkfbg tyf cg'ejsf] d"NofÍgåf/f a9'jf ePsf sd{rf/Lsf] ;dfof]hg ;DaGwL

Joj:yf M -!_ of] bkmf k|f/De x'g' eGbf cl3 sfo{;Dkfbg tyf cg'ejsf] d"NofÍgåf/f a9'jf

ePsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;dfof]hgsf] nflu ;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"x ;~rfng ug]{ dGqfnon] of]

bkmf k|f/De ePsf] ldltn] Ps dlxgfleq ;DalGwt dGqfno, ;lrjfno jf cfof]udf k'n

b/jGbL l;h{gf u/L To;/L a9'jf ePsf tyf x'g] sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ To:tf] b/jGbLdf ;dfof]hg

kb:yfkgf ug]{5 .



33

-@_ of] bkmf k|f/De x'g' eGbf cufj} sfo{;Dkfbg tyf cg'ejsf] d"NofÍgåf/f x'g]

a9'jfsf] nflu b/vf:t cfx\jfg eO{ a9'jf lgo'lQm kfpg afFsL /x]sf] tyf of] bkmf k|f/De

ePsf] ldltn] Ps jif{leq sfo{;Dkfbg tyf cg'ejsf] d"NofÍgåf/f x'g] a9'jfsf] nflu b/vf:t

cfx\jfg eO{ a9'jf x'g] sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;dfof]hgsf] nflu ;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"x ;~rfng ug]{

dGqfnon] ;DalGwt dGqfno, ;lrjfno jf cfof]udf k'n b/jGbL l;h{gf u/L To;/L a9'jf

ePsf tyf x'g] sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ To:tf] b/jGbLdf ;dfof]hg kb:yfkg ug]{5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg o;/L a9'jf ePsf tyf

x'g] sd{rf/Lx? lghfdtL ;]jfsf] b/jGbL g/x]sf] lgsfodf sfo{/t /x]sf] ePdf To:tf]

sd{rf/Lsf] b/jGbL ePsf] lgsfodf k'n b/jGbL l;h{gf u/L To:tf] b/jGbLdf ;dfof]hg

kb:yfkg ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -!_, -@_ / -#_ adf]lhd ;dfof]hg kb:yfkg ePkl5 lghx? a9'jf x'g'

eGbf cufl8 axfn /x]sf] kb :jtM vf/]h x'g]5 .

-%_ pkbkmf -!_, -@_ / -#_ adf]lhd ;dfof]hg kb:yfkg ePsf] b'O{ dlxgfleq

;DalGwt dGqfno, ;lrjfno jf cfof]un] ;fljssf] ;+u7g ;+/rgf / b/jGbLsf] k'g/fjnf]sg

u/L sfo{;Dkfbg tyf cg'ejsf] d"NofÍgåf/f a9'jf ePsf tyf x'g] sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;dfof]hgsf]

nflu cfjZos kg]{ b/jGbLsf] :t/ pGglt / yk b/jGbLsf] olsg u/L :jLs[ltsf] nflu ;fdfGo

k|zf;g dGqfnodf k7fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L k7fOg] ljj/0fdf ;fljssf] b/jGbL, sfo{;Dkfbg tyf

cg'ejsf] d"NofÍgåf/f a9'jf ePsf] tyf x'g] sd{rf/Lsf] ljj/0f tyf k'gM;+/rgf u/L

;dfof]hg ug{ ;lsg] b/jGbLsf] ljj/0f v'nfO k7fpg' kg]{5 .

-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f k|fKt eP kl5 ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon] ;f]sf]

ljZn]if0f u/L pko'Qm 7x/fPsf] b/jGbL Ps dlxgfleq :jLs[t ug]{5 .

-&_ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd b/jGbL :jLs[t ePkl5 ;+zf]lwt b/jGbL ljj/0f lghfdtL

lstfjvfgfaf6 cBfjlws u/fpg' kg]{5 .

-*_ pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhd lghfdtL lstfjvfgfaf6 b/jGbL ljj/0f cBfjlws eP

kl5 pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd :jLs[t ePsf] b/jGbLdf ;]jf, ;d"x tyf pk;d"x ;~rfng ug]{

dGqfnon] pkbkmf -(_ adf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf] of]Uotfqmd ;"rL dWo] dflyNnf] of]Uotfqmddf

kg]{ sd{rf/Lx?sf] ?rL tyf rfxgfsf] k|fyldstfqmd lgwf{/0f ug{ nufO{ kb:yfkg ug]{5 .

-(_ pkbkmf -*_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"x ;~rfng ug]{

dGqfnon] ;DalGwt ;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"xsf sfo{;Dkfbg tyf cg'ejsf] d"NofÍgåf/f a9'jf

ePsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] of]Uotfqmd ;"rL tof/ u/L /fVg' kg]{5 . o;/L of]Uotfqmdsf] ;"rL tof/

ubf{ b]xfosf] cfwf/df tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M–

-s_ xfn axfn /x]sf] >]0fLsf] kbdf Ho]i7tf nfu" ePsf] ldltsf] cfwf/df,


34

-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd Ho]i7tf g5'l§Pdf Ps >]0fL d'lgsf] kbdf lgo'lQm jf

a9'jf lg0f{o ePsf] ldltsf] cfwf/df,

-u_ v08 -s_ / -v_ df plNnlvt cfwf/af6 Ho]i7tf g5'l§Pdf Ps >]0fL d'lgsf]

kbsf] nflu nf]s ;]jf cfof]u jf a9'jf ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;sf] of]Uotfqmdsf]

cfwf/df,

-3_ v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_ adf]lhd Ho]i7tf g5'l§Pdf pd]/sf] Ho]i7tfsf]

cfwf/df .

-!)_ pkbkmf -*_ adf]lhd kb:yfkg ePkl5 To:tf] k'n b/jGbL :jtM vf/]h x'g]5 .

-!!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg pkbkmf -!_, -@_ / -#_

adf]lhd k'n b/jGbLdf /x]sf sd{rf/Lx? pkbkmf -*_ adf]lhd kb:yfkg geO{ cGoq ;?jf

x'g] 5}g .

-!@_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg pkbkmf -*_ adf]lhd

kb:yfkg ePsf] sfof{nodf bkmf !* sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw k"/f geO{ s'g} klg

sd{rf/LnfO{ cGoq ;?jf ul/g] tyf sfh v6fOg] 5}g .

t/, g]kfn ;/sf/af6 yk cfly{s ;xfotf lnPsf, g]kfn ;/sf/4f/f ul7t

d]l8sn jf]8{n] la/fdL egL l;kmfl/z u/]sf, ckfËtfsf] æsÆ / ævÆ au{sf] k|df0fkq k|fKt

u/]sf, :yfgLo lgsfo nufot b'u{d:yfgdf kb:yfkg e} hfg rfxg] sd{rf/Lx?, s8f

lsl;dsf /f]u nfu]sf sd{rf/Lx?, klt jf kTgLsf] s8f /f]udf pkrf/ u/fO{ ;'ud :yfgdf

al;/x]sf sd{rf/Lx?, laz]I kl/l:ylthGo cj:yfsf sd{rf/Lx?, cf;f}r jf/]sf, ue{jtL /

3/fo;L sf/0faf6 cGoq hfg g;Sg] dlxnf, cjsfz x'g b'O{ aif{ jf ;f] eGbf sd ;do jfFsL

/x]sf sd{rf/LnfO{ ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] ;xdlt lnO{ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] l/Qm kbdf

;?jf ug{ jf sfhdf v6fpg jfwf kg]{ 5}g .

-!#_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg o; bkmf adf]lhd x'g]

;dfof]hg kb:yfkgn] o; bkmf adf]lhd l;h{gf ePsf] kb afx]s cGo l/Qm kbdf bkmf &

sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd kbk"lt{ ug]{ Joj:yfdf s'g} k|lts"n c;/ k'¥ofpg] 5}g .Æ

@$3@= >]0fLljxLg sd{rf/Lsf] :t/ j[l4;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ >]0fLljxLg kbx¿sf] :t/

b]xfoadf]lhd x'g]5 M–

-s_ k|yd:t/

-v_ låtLo:t/

-u_ t[tLo:t/



35

-3_ rt'y{:t/

-ª_ kfFrf}+ :t/

-@_ >]0fLljxLg kbdf ;'? lgo'lQm x'g] lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] k|yd:t/ sfod

x'g]5 .

-#_ bkmf !*ª= adf]lhd ;hfosf] clen]v gePsf] >]0fLljxLg sd{rf/Lsf]

clVtof/jfnfn] b]xfoadf]lhd :t/ j[l4 ug]{5M–

-s_ kfFr jif{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L t/ b; jif{eGbf sd ;]jf cjlw ePsf]nfO{

låtLo:t/,

-v_ b; jif{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L t/ kGw| jif{eGbf sd ;]jf cjlw ePsf]nfO{

t[tLo:t/,

-u_ kGw| jif{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L t/ aL; jif{eGbf sd ;]jf cjlw ePsf]nfO{

rt'y{:t/ .

-3_ aL; jif{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L ;]jf cjlw ePsf]nfO{ kfFrf}+:t/ .

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ sf] :t/adf]lhdsf] tnadfg g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 .

-%_ :t/ j[l4;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

@$ª= j}olQms ljj/0f /fVg'kg]{M -!_ cfkm" axfn /x]sf] sfof{nodf sfo{/t lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf]

j}olQms ljj/0f b'?:t /fVg] lhDd]jf/L ;DalGwt ljefuLo k|d'v jf sfof{no k|d'vsf]

x'g]5 . cfkm\gf] JolQmut ljj/0f cBfjlws ug]{ u/fpg] bfloTj ;DalGwt sd{rf/Lsf] x'g]5 .

-@_ a9'jfsf] nflu ;DefJo pDd]bjf/ eO;s]sf lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] ;/sf/L sfd

jf cWoog jf sfhsf] l;nl;nfdf ljb]zdf /xL jf b}jL ljkQL jf sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:ylt

k/L b/vf:t kmf/fd k]; ug{ g;s]df a9'jf ;"rgfsf] Dofbleq ;DalGwt ljefuLo k|d'v jf

sfof{no k|d'vn] To:tf] sd{rf/Lsf] ljj/0f a9'jf ;"rgf k|sfzg ug]{ sfof{nodf

k7fpg'kg]{5 . o;/L k7fOPsf] ljj/0fnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL a9'jf ;ldltn] a9'jfsf] sf/afxL 6'Ëf]

nufpg]5 .

-#_ s'g} pDd]bjf/n] a9'jfsf] b/vf:t kmf/fd ebf{ em'7\7f ljj/0f k]; u/]sf] Joxf]/f

k|dfl0ft ePdf lghnfO{ ljefuLo ;hfo ul/g]5 .

@$r= a9'jfsf] ph'/LM -!_ bkmf @) adf]lhd a9'jf ;ldltn] u/]sf] a9'jfsf] l;kmfl/;df lrQ

ga'‰g] ;DalGwt lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] To:tf] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] ldltn] k}+tL; lbgleq nf]s;]jf

cfof]udf ph'/L lbg ;Sg]5 / To;/L k/]sf] ph'/Ldf ph'/L ug]{ Dofb gf3]sf] ldltn] ;f7L

lbgleq 6'+uf] nufOg]5 .



36

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd kg{ cfPsf ph'/L 6'+uf] nfu]kl5 klxn] k|sflzt a9'jf

gfdfjnLdf ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ ePdf ph'/L ;'Gg] clwsf/Ln] ;f]sf] ;"rgf a9'jf ;ldltnfO{

lbg'kg]{5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ph'/L 5fglag ubf{ hfgL–hfgL q'l6k"0f{ d"Nof+sg u/]sf]

b]lvPdf nf]s;]jf cfof]un] d"Nof+sgstf{nfO{ r]tfjfgL lbg ;Sg]5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd kg{ cfPsf] ph'/L em'¶f 7xl/Pdf ph'/Lkl5 x'g] a9'jfdf

To:tf] ph'/Lstf{sf] klxnf]k6ssf] ph'/L eP @ c+s / bf];|f]k6ssf] ph'/L eP # c+s

sfl6g]5 .

-%_ pkbkmf -#_ jf -$_ adf]lhd ePsf] sf/afxLsf] ;"rgf ;DalGwt

sd{rf/Lnufot a9'jf ;ldltsf] ;lrjfno / ;DalGwt sd{rf/L sfo{/t /x]sf] sfof{nodf

k7fpg'kg]{5 .

-^_ a9'jfsf] ph'/L;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

@%= a9'jfsf] zt{df kl/jt{g M bkmf @!, @@, @$, @$s, @$v, @$u=, @$3= jf ;f] cGtu{t

ag]sf lgodx¿df s'g} ;+zf]wg ubf{ To:tf] ;+zf]wg ePsf] Ps jif{kl5sf] ldltb]lv dfq

nfu" x'g] u/L Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

@^= ;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"x kl/jt{gM g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] s'g} ;]jf, ;d"x jf

pk;d"xsf] s'g} >]0fLsf] s'g} ljz]if of]Uotf ePsf] sd{rf/Lsf] cfjZostf k/L ;f] ;]jf,

;d"x jf pk;d"xleq}af6 ;?jf jf a9'jfåf/f k"lt{ ug{ g;lsg] eO{ cGo lghfdtL ;]jf,

;d"x jf pk;d"xaf6 ;]jf kl/jt{g u/L kbk"lt{ ug'{kg]{ ePdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;f]sf] dfu

u/L nf]s;]jf cfof]udf k7fpg'kg]{5 . nf]s;]jf cfof]uaf6 k|sflzt lj1fkgdf tf]lsPsf]

of]Uotf ePsf ;dfg >]0fLsf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx¿sf] aLrdf k|lt:kwf{Tds k/LIffsf]

dfWodaf6 5gf}6 ePsf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"x

kl/jt{g ug{]5 .

t/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] s'g} lgsfosf] lghfdtL ;]jfsf] s'g} kb cfjZos geO{ b/aGbL

s6f}tL ePsf] / ;f] s6f}tL ePsf] ;]jf ;d"x, pk;d"x / >]0fLsf] kb cGo s'g} klg

lgsfodf l/Qm g/x]sf] tyf Ps jif{;Dd klg l/Qm x'g gcfO{ To:tf] b/aGbLdf sfo{/t

sd{rf/LnfO{ csf]{ ;]jf, ;d"x jf pk;d"x kl/jt{g ug'{kg]{ ePdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] nf]s;]jf

cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lnO{ cGo ;]jf ;d"x jf pk;d"xdf ;d"xLs[t ug{ of] bkmfdf plNnlvt

s'g} s'/fn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .





37

kl/R5]b– %

tna eQf, rf8kj{ vr{ tyf cGo ;'ljwf

@&= tna eQfM -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm\gf] kbdf axfnL u/]sf] lbgb]lv tna eQf

kfpg]5 .

-!s_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] tna, eQf tyf cGo ;'ljwf k'g/fjnf]sg ug{sf] nflu

b]xfoadf]lhdsf] Ps tna eQf k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt /xg]5 M–

-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] d'Vo ;lrj – cWoIf

-v_ ;lrj, cy{ dGqfno – ;b:o

-u_ ;lrj, ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno – ;b:o

-!v_ tna eQf k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltn] k|To]s jif{ pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rLsf] cfwf/df

dxFuL eQf lgwf{/0f u/L g]kfn ;/sf/;dIf l;kmfl/; ug]{5 . ;f] ;ldltn] k|To]s tLg jif{df

/fh:j j[l4b/, s'n b/aGbL ;+Vof / ljut tLg jif{df d"No ;"rLsf] cfwf/df k|bfg ul/Psf]

dxFuL eQf;d]tnfO{ cfwf/ agfO{ tna eQf tyf cGo ;'ljwf k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{5 . ;f]

;ldltn] cGo sfo{ljlw cfkm}+n] to ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-!u_ pkbkmf -!s_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltn] cfjZostfcg';f/ pk;ldltsf] u7g ug{

/ ;DalGwt If]qsf ljz]if1 jf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿nfO{ ;ldltdf cfdGq0f u/L ;'emfj lng

;Sg]5 .

-!3_ pkbkmf -!s_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] ;lrjfnosf] sfd ;fdfGo k|zf;g

dGqfnon] ug]{5 .

-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] pkbkmf -!s_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;sf] cfwf/df

k|To]s jif{ j[l4 x'g] pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rLsf] krxQ/ k|ltzt;Dd /sd k|To]s jif{ eQfsf]

¿kdf lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 . To;/L k|bfg ul/Psf] eQf /sd ;'? tna

:s]nsf] kRrL; k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L x'g uPsf] jif{df kRrL; k|ltzt /sd tnadfgdf

;dfof]hg u/L afFsL /sd eQfsf] ¿kdf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-#_ bkmf @( jf ^) df pNn]v ePsf] cj:yfdf afx]s of] P]g k|f/De ePkl5

k|To]s lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] Ps jif{sf] ;]jf k"/f u/]kl5 tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] /sd tna j[l4

kfpg]5 . t/ o;/L tna j[l4 tf]lsbf ;DalGwt sd{rf/Ln] vfOkfO{ cfPsf] /sddf g36\g]

u/L tna j[l4 ;+Vof ldnfg ul/g]5 . s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] tna j[l4 /f]Ssf ePsf]df




s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)%& åf/f ;+zf]lwt .


38

;f] tna j[l4 s'g ldltb]lv km's'jf x'g] xf] ;f] s'/f ;DalGwt clwsf/Ln] lnlvt ¿kdf

hgfO{ /fVg'kg]{5 .

@*= ksfPsf] tna eQf kfpg]M -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] k|To]s dlxgf e'Qmfg ePkl5 tna

/ eQf kfpg] eP eQf;d]t kfpg]5 .

-@_ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] ksfPsf] tna / eQf kfpg] eP eQf;d]t lgh

h'g;'s} Joxf]/faf6 lghfdtL ;]jfdf g/x]df klg kfpg]5 .

-#_ of] P]g jf o; P]gcGtu{t ag]sf lgodx¿df Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s s'g}

lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] tna s§f ul/g] 5}g .

-$_ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] kfpg] tna ;f] sd{rf/L sfd ul//x]sf] jf labfdf

a;]sf] avt /f]lsg] 5}g .

@*s= sfo{;Dkfbg k|f]T;fxg sf]if M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] sfo{;Dkfbg, sfo{

kl/0ffd / k|fKt glthfsf] cfwf/df lghnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{ Ps sfo{;Dkfbg k|f]T;fxg sf]ifsf]

Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] sf]ifdf /xg] /sd, To;sf] ;~rfng, Joj:yfkg tyf

cGo Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

@(= sfo{ bIftf ;Ldf kf/ ug]{M s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/L sfo{ bIftf ;Ldf kf/ ug{sf] lgldQ of]Uo

5 egL /fhkqf+lst sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf ;DalGwt dGqfnosf] ;lrj / /fhkq cg+lst

sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf clVtof/jfnfn] lnlvt ¿kdf ghgfP;Dd s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] sfo{

bIftf ;Ldf kf/ u/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .

#)= lgnDag ePdf kfpg] tnaM -!_ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/L ;/sf/L sfdsf] ;DaGwdf jf g]kfn

;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 ePsf] sf/afxLsf] kmn:j¿k lgnDag ePdf ;f] lgnDagsf] cjlwe/

lghn] cfkm\gf] tnasf] cfwfdfq kfpg]5 .

t/ nfu]sf] cf/f]k k|dfl0ft geO{ lghn] ;kmfO kfPdf lgnDag /x]sf] cjlwdf cfwf

tna kfPsf] eP ;f] s6\6f u/L / gkfPsf] eP k"/} tna -tna j[l4 x'g] ePdf ;f] ;d]t_

kfpg]5 . s;"/bf/ 7xl/Pdf lgnDag ePsf] ldltb]lvsf] aFfsL tna eQf kfpg] 5}g .

-@_ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/L pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt sf/0fafx]s cGo s'g}

sf/0faf6 lgnDag /xg uPsf] /x]5 eg] lghn] To;/L lgnDag /x]sf] cjlwsf] tna kfpg]

5}g .




39

#!= sd{rf/L ;~rosf]ifdf /sd hDdf ul/lbg]M lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx¿sf] dfl;s tnaaf6 bz

k|ltztsf b/n] /sd s§f u/L ;f] /sddf g]kfn ;/sf/n] ztk|ltzt /sd yk u/L

sd{rf/L ;~rosf]ifdf hDdf ul/lbg]5 .

#@= rf8kj{ vr{ tyf cGo ;'ljwf M -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm\gf] wd{, ;+:s[lt, k/Dk/fcg';f/

dgfOg] rf8kj{sf] nflu sd{rf/Ln] vfOkfO{ cfPsf] Ps dlxgfsf] tna a/fa/sf] /sd

k|To]s jif{ rf8kj{ vr{sf] ¿kdf kfpg]5 . o:tf] /sd sd{rf/Ln] Ps cfly{s jif{df

Psk6s cfkm\gf] wd{, ;+:s[lt, k/Dk/fcg';f/ dgfOg] d'Vo rf8kj{sf] cj;/df e'QmfgL lng

;Sg]5 .

-@_ lgj[Qe/0f kfpg] u/L cjsfz k|fKt sd{rf/LnfO{ lghn] kfpg] Ps dlxgfsf]

lgj[Qe/0f a/fa/sf] /sd rf8kj{ vr{sf] ¿kdf lbOg]5 .

-#_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] kfpg] pkrf/ vr{, czQm j[lQ, c+ue+u ePafkt kfpg]

;'ljwf, c;fwf/0f kfl/jfl/s lgj[Qe/0f tyf pkbfg, z}lIfs eQf, ;Gtlt j[lQ, lzz' :ofxf/

eQf jf cGo ;'ljwf;DaGwL Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

kl/R5]b– ^

cjsfz, pkbfg / lgj[Qe/0f

##= clgjfo{ cjsfzM -!_ cG7fpGg jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf] jf bkmf !& adf]lhdsf] kbfjlw k"/f

ePsf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] lghfdtL ;]jfaf6 :jtM cjsfz kfpg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ nfu" x'g'cl3 #) jif{ ;]jf cjlw k'uL Dofb yk eO{ lghfdtL

;]jfdf axfn /x]sf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx¿ klg %* jif{ pd]/ k"/f gx'Gh]n;Dd lghfdtL

;]jfdf axfn /xg ;Sg]5g\ .

t/ bkmf !& adf]lhd kbfjlw tf]lsPsf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf ;f]xL

bkmfadf]lhd x'g]5 .

-#_ o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] pd]/ ;]jfdf k|j]z ubf{

lghn] k]; u/]sf] lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] k|df0fkqdf lsl6Psf] hGd lbg jf jif{af6 x'g cfPsf]

pd]/ jf gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqdf lsl6Psf] hGd lbg jf jif{af6 x'g cfPsf] pd]/ jf lghn]

e/]sf] j}olQms gf]s/L ljj/0f -l;6/f]n_ df n]lvlbPsf] hGdldlt jf jif{af6 x'g cfPsf]

pd]/dWo] h'g pd]/af6 lgh klxn] cjsfz x'G5 ;f]xL cfwf/df u0fgf ul/g]5 .

#$= cjsfz lbg ;Sg]M g]kfn ;/sf/n] b]xfosf cj:yfdf s'g} klg lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{

;]jfaf6 cjsfz lbg ;Sg]5M–




40

-s_ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm\gf] lhDdfdf /x]sf] jf cfkm"n] s'g} tl/sfaf6

k|fKt u/]sf] ;/sf/L uf]Ko sfuhft, lnvt jf hfgsf/L s'g} cglws[t

JolQm jf lgsfonfO{ lbPdf jf lbg] k|of; u/]sf] s'/f k|dfl0ft ePdf,

-v_ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] /fli6«o lxt ljk/Lt s'g} ljb]zL /fi6«, ;+:yf jf

gful/s;+u cjfl~5t ;Dks{ sfod u/L cfkm\gf] cf]xbfsf] dof{bf ljk/Lt

u}/lhDd]jf/Lk"0f{ Jojxf/ u/]sf] s'/f k|dfl0ft ePdf .

#$s= c;dy{ sd{rf/Lsf] ;DaGwdf ljz]if Joj:yfM s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/L zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s

/f]usf] sf/0faf6 lgoldt ¿kdf ;]jf ug{ c;dy{ 5 egL g]kfn ;/sf/n] u7g u/]sf]

d]l8sn af]8{af6 k|dfl0ft eO{ cfPdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] lghnfO{ lghsf] ;]jf cjlwdf a9Ldf

;ft jif{ ;]jf cjlw yk u/L cjsfz lbg ;Sg]5 .

#%= :j]lR5s cjsfzM -!_ lgj[Qe/0f kfpg] cj:yf / pd]/sf] xb krf; jif{ k"/f ePsf lghfdtL

sd{rf/Ln] g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sflzt ;"rgfdf tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq ;f]xL

;"rgfdf plNnlvt ;t{df :j]lR5s cjsfz lng ;Sg]5 . o;/L :j]lR5s cjsfz lng]

sd{rf/LdWo] ;Djt\ @)$( ;fn sflt{s @! ut]eGbf cl3 lghfdtL ;]jfdf k|j]z ug]{sf]

xsdf ;f7L jif{ pd]/ ggf£g] u/L / ;f] ldlt / ;f]eGbf kl5 lghfdtL ;]jfdf k|j]z ug]]{sf]

xsdf cG7fpGg jif{ pd]/ ggf£g] u/L a9Ldf ;ft jif{;Dd ;]jf cjlw yk u/L

lgj[lQe/0fsf] nflu hDdf ;]jf cjlw sfod ul/g]5 .

t/ b/aGbL ldnfg x'g g;sL kmflhndf k/]sf] jf g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ cfjZos

gePsf kbdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf 5'§} ;'ljwf / ;t{ tf]sL g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf

k|sfzg u/L :j]lR5s cjsfzsf] nflu lgj]bg dfu ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg lgj[Qe/0f kfpg] cj:yf /

pd]/sf] xb krf; jif{ k'u]sf] sd{rf/Ln] :j]lR5s cjsfz lng rfx]df o; P]gadf]lhd Ps

>]0fL dflysf] kbdf bkmf @)s= adf]lhd a9'jf kfpg] ePdf Ps >]0fL dflysf] kbdf a9'jf

u/L bkmf #& sf] pkbkmf -#_ sf] ;]jf cjlw k"/f ePsf] eP ;f] ;'ljwf;d]t kfpg] u/L

:j]lR5s cjsfz lng ;Sg]5 .

#^= pkbfgM -!_ kfFr jif{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L ;]jf u/]sf] t/ lgj[Qe/0f kfpg] cjlw gk'u]sf]

lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cjsfz kfPdf jf /fhLgfdf :jLs[t u/fO{ kbaf6 cnu ePdf jf

eljiodf ;/sf/L ;]jfsf] lgldQ cof]Uo g7xl/g] u/L kbaf6 x6fOPdf b]xfosf] b/n] pkbfg

kfpg]5M–





41

-s_ kfFr jif{b]lv bz jif{;Dd ;]jf u/]sf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm"n] sfd

u/]sf] k|To]s jif{sf] lgldQ cflv/L cfwf dlxgfsf] tna,

-v_ bz jif{eGbf a9L kGw| jif{;Dd ;]jf u/]sf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm"n] sfd

u/]sf] k|To]s jif{sf] lgldQ cflv/L Ps dlxgfsf] tna,

-u_ kGw| jif{eGbf a9L aL; jif{eGbf sd ;]jf u/]sf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm"n]

sfd u/]sf] k|To]s jif{sf] lgldQ cflv/L 8]9 dlxgfsf] tna .

-@_ ======================

#&= lgj[Qe/0fM -!_ aL; jif{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L ;do;Dd ;/sf/L ;]jf u/]sf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln]

b]xfoadf]lhdsf] lx;fan] dfl;s lgj[Qe/0f kfpg]5M–

hDdf ;]jf jif{ × cflv/L tnasf] /sd

%)

===================

-!s_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;]jf k|j]zsf] nflu

clwstd pd]/ rfnL; jif{ tf]lsPsf] ju{ / kbdf lgo'Qm ePsf sd{rf/Lx¿ / bkmf !) sf]

pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd pDd]bjf/ eO{ lgo'Qm ePsf sd{rf/Lx¿ pd]/sf sf/0f clgjfo{

cjsfz x'Fbf lghsf] ;]jf cjlw lgj[Qe/0f kfpg ;Sg] cj:yf /x]g5 eg] To:tf] lghfdtL

sd{rf/LnfO{ a9Ldf b'O{ jif{;Dd ;]jf cjlw yk u/L lgj[Qe/0f k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]5 .

t/ of] pkbkmf k|f/De x'g'eGbf cufl8 ;]jf lgj[Q eO;s]sf sd{rf/Lsf]

xsdf of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg lgj[Qe/0fsf] Go"gtd /sd

;dfg kbsf] axfnjfnf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] tnasf] z'? c+ssf] cfwfeGbf sd /

clwstd ;dfg kbsf] axfnjfnf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] tnasf] z'? :s]neGbf a9L x'g]

5}g .

-#_ ;Djt\ @)$( ;fn sflt{s @! ut]eGbf cl3b]lv lghfdtL ;]jfdf axfn

/x]sf] sd{rf/Ln] #) jif{ ;]jf cjlw k"/f ul/;s]sf] eP :j]R5fn] ;]jfaf6 cjsfz lng

;Sg]5 . o;/L :j]R5fn] ;]jfaf6 cjsfz lnPsf] jf ;Djt\ @)$( ;fn sflt{s @! ut]eGbf

cl3b]lv lghfdtL ;]jfdf axfn eO{ %* jif{ pd]/ k"/f ePsf] sf/0faf6 bkmf ## adf]lhd

:jtM cjsfz k|fKt u/]sf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] pd]/ ;f7L jif{ k"/f x'g hlt cjlw afFsL 5

;f] cjlw yk u/L lghsf] hDdf ;]jf cjlw sfod ul/g]5 .

rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f lemlsPsf] . bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .



42

-$_ kGw| jif{ ;]jf cjlw k"/f u/]sf] s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] d[To' ePdf lghsf]

;]jf cjlwdf a9Ldf kfFr jif{ cjlw yk u/L lghsf] kl/jf/nfO{ lgj[lQe/0f jf pkbfg h'g

lng rfxG5 ;f] /f]h]/ lng lbOg]5 .

-%_ s'g} ;/sf/L kbdf cl3 u/]sf] ;]jfafkt lgj[Qe/0f kfO/x]sf] JolQm kl5

lghfdtL kbdf lgo'Qm ePdf lghn] kl5 u/]sf] ;]jf cjlwdf cl3 u/]sf] ;]jf cjlw hf]8L

o; bkmfadf]lhd lgj[Qe/0f lng kfpg]5 .

#&s= ;]jf cjlw u0fgf x'g] M k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bkmf & sf]

pkbkmf -!$_ adf]lhd :yfoL lgo'lQm kfPsf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] of] bkmf k|f/De ePsf]

ldltn] ;f7L lbgleq lghn] lghfdtL ;]jfsf] :yfoL lgo'lQm lng'eGbf cl3 u/]sf] ljsf;

tk{msf] kbdf lg/Gt/ ?kdf u/]sf] ;]jf cjlw hf]8fpg lgj]bg lbPdf To:tf] ;]jf cjlwsf]

ztk|ltzt ;]jf cjlw lgj[Qe/0f jf pkbfgsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu xfnsf] ;]jf cjlwdf u0fgf

ul/g]5 .

#*= lgj[Qe/0fdf j[l4M axfnjfnf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] tna j[l4 x'Fbf tnasf] z'? c+sdf hlt

j[l4 ePsf] 5 To;sf] b'O{ ltxfO{ /sd ;dfg kbsf lgj[Q lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx¿sf]

lgj[Qe/0f /sddf klg yk ul/g]5 .

t/ bkmf #(v= adf]lhd lgj[Qe/0f kfpg] lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf of] k|fjwfg

nfu" x'g] 5}g .

#(= kfl/jfl/s lgj[Qe/0f / pkbfgM -!_ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jfdf 5“b} jf lgj[Qe/0f

kfpg yfn]sf] ;ft jif{ gk'Ub} d[To' ePdf lghsf] kl/jf/nfO{ jf lghsf] gfafns efO jf

cljjflxtf lbbL alxgLnfO{ bkmf #^ jf #& df n]lvPadf]lhd pkbfg jf lgj[Qe/0f k|fKt

x'g]5 .

t/ lgj[Qe/0fsf] xsdf o:tf] lgj[Qe/0f ;ft jif{eGbf a9L ;do k|fKt x'g] 5}g .

lgj[Qe/0f kfpg yfn]sf] ;ft jif{ gk'Ub}df d[To' ePsf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] kl/jf/nfO{

;ft jif{ k'u]kl5 lgj[Qe/0f k|fKt x'g] 5}g .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg lgj[Qe/0f kfpg] JolQm

gfafns /x]5 eg] lgh aflnu geP;Dd To:tf] lgj[Qe/0f kfpg]5 .

-#_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] ljw"/ klt jf ljwjf kTgLn] lghsf] klt jf kTgL ;]jfdf

5Fb} jf lgj[Qe/0f kfpg yfn]sf] ;ft jif{ gk'Ub} d[To' eO{ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd kfl/jfl/s

lgj[Qe/0f kfpg] ePdf ;f] lgj[Qe/0f kfpg] cjlw e'Qmfg ePsf] ldltb]lv / To:tf]




43

lgj[Qe/0f gkfpg] ePdf jf lghsf] klt jf kTgLn] lgj[Qe/0f kfpg yfn]sf] ;ft jif{

Joltt eO;s]kl5 d[To' ePsf]df lgh sd{rf/Lsf] d[To' ePsf] ldltb]lv hLjge/ lghn]

kfpg] lgj[Qe/0fsf] cfwf /sd kfpg]5 .

t/ To:tf] ljw'/ klt jf ljwjf kTgLn] csf]{ ljjfx u/]df lghn] To:tf]

lgj[Qe/0f ;'ljwf kfpg] 5}g .

-#s_ pkbkmf -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf]

lgj[Qe/0f kfO/x]sf] ljw'/ klt jf ljwjf kTgLsf] d[To' ePdf jf lghn] csf]{ ljjfx u/]df

To:tf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] gfaflnu ;Gtfgn] aflnu geP;Dd To:tf] lgj[Qe/0fsf] /sd

tf]lsPadf]lhd kfpg]5 .

-$_ axfnjfnf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] tna j[l4 x'Fbf tnasf] z'? c+sdf hlt j[l4

ePsf] 5, To;sf] b'O{ ltxfO{ /sd pkbkmf -!_, -@_ / -#_ cg';f/ kfl/jfl/s lgj[Qe/0f

kfO/x]sf JolQmn] vfOkfO{ cfPsf] kfl/jfl/s lgj[Qe/0f /sddf klg yk ul/g]5 .

-%_ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] o; P]gadf]lhd kfpg] s'g} /sd lng gkfpFb} d[To'

ePdf ;f] /sd lghsf] kl/jf/sf] ;b:ox¿dWo] o; P]gadf]lhd lghsf] lgj[Qe/0f jf

pkbfg kfpg] 7xl/Psf] JolQmn] lng kfpg]5 .

-^_ lgj[Qe/0f jf pkbfg lb+bf d[t lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm\gf] kl/jf/sf]

;b:odWo]df jf cfkm\gf] gfafns efO jf cljjflxtf lbbL alxgL s;}nfO{ OR5fPsf] /x]5

eg] ;f] JolQmnfO{ / s'g} sf/0fn] ;f] JolQmn] kfpg g;Sg] cj:yf ePdf jf s;}nfO{ klg

gOR5fPsf] ePdf ;f] sd{rf/Lsf] kl/jf/sf] ;b:odWo] g]kfn ;/sf/n] plrt 7x¥ofPsf]

JolQmnfO{ lbOg]5 .

#(s= a]kQf ePsf] sd{rf/Lsf] lgj[Qe/0f / pkbfgM -!_ lghfdtL ;]jfdf /xL sfd u/]sf] s'g}

sd{rf/L x/fO{ a]kQf eO{ tf]lsPsf] cjlw;Dd d/] afFr]sf] kQf gnfu]df To:tf] sd{rf/Ln]

bkmf #^ jf #& adf]lhd kfpg] pkbfg jf lgj[Qe/0fsf] /sd lghsf] kl/jf/nfO{ lbOg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bkmf #& adf]lhd

lgj[Qe/0f lng kfpg] JolQm lgj[Qe/0f lng gkfpFb} a]kQf ePdf ;ft jif{;Dd /

lgj[Qe/0f kfpg yfn]kl5 a]kQf ePdf ;ft jif{ k'Ug afFsL cjlw;Dd lghsf] kl/jf/nfO{

lgj[Qe/0fsf] k"/} /sd / ;f] cjlwkl5 klt jf kTgLnfO{ cfhLjg lgj[Qe/0fsf] cfwf /sd

kfl/jfl/s lgj[Qe/0f lbOg]5 .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+z yk . bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+z yk . bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .



44

-#_ a]kQf ePsf] sd{rf/L kl5 km]nf k/]df bkmf #^ adf]lhdsf] pkbfg e'QmfgL lbO{

g;s]sf] eP ;f] pkbfg jf bkmf #& adf]lhd kfpg] lgj[Qe/0fsf] /sd lghn] bfaL ug{

cfPsf] ldltb]lv lghnfO{ g} lbOg]5 .

t/ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd e'QmfgL lbO;s]sf] pkbfg, lgj[Qe/0f jf

kfl/jfl/s lgj[Qe/0f /sddf kl5 km]nf k/]sf] JolQmn] bfaL ug{ kfpg] 5}g .

#(v= pkbfg / lgj[Qe/0f;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf

k|sfzg u/L tf]s]sf] ldlteGbf kl5 lgo'Qm x'g] lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ pkbfg tyf

lgj[Qe/0f lbg] k|of]hgsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] 5'§} pkbfg tyf lgj[Qe/0f sf]if v8f ug]{5

/ To:tf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] dfl;s tnaaf6 b; k|ltztsf b/n] /sd s§L u/L ;f] /sddf

g]kfn ;/sf/n] dfl;s tnasf] b; k|ltzt a/fa/sf] /sd yk u/L x'g cfpg] /sd ;f]

sf]ifdf hDdf ul/lbg]5 .

-@_ bkmf #@ sf] pkbkmf -!s_, bkmf #$s=, #%, #^, #&, #*, #( / #(s= sf

pkbfg tyf lgj[Qe/0f;DaGwL k|fjwfg pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf k|sfzg ePkl5

lgo'Qm x'g] sd{rf/Lx¿sf] xsdf nfu" x'g] 5}gg\ .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd dfl;s tnaaf6 s§f eP a/fa/sf] /sd g]kfn ;/sf/n]

To:tf] sd{rf/LnfO{ tna e'QmfgL ubf{sf] avt pknAw u/fpg]5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bkmf %( sf] v08 -v_ sf]

pkv08 -@_ adf]lhd eljiodf ;/sf/L ;]jfsf] lgldQ cof]Uo 7xl/g] u/L ;]jfaf6 avf{:t

ePsf lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] pQm sf]ifdf lghsf] tnaaf6 s§L ul/Psf] s'n /sd / ;f]afkt

kfs]sf] Aofh tyf d'gfkmf;d]t Psd'i6 lng kfpg]5 .

-%_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd v8f ePsf] pkbfg tyf lgj[Qe/0f sf]ifdf hDdf x'g]

/sdsf] Joj:yfkg, ;~rfng, sf]if s§L ug]{ k|lqmof, pkbfg tyf lgj[Qe/0f k|of]hgsf]

nflu sf]if s§L /sdsf] e'QmfgL tyf sf]if s§L;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

#(u= kfl/jfl/s lgj[Qe/0f;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]

eP tfklg g]kfn ;/sf/n] v6fPsf] sfo{;Dkfbg ug]{ l;nl;nfdf åGåsf] sf/0fn] s'g}

lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] d[To' ePdf To:tf] sd{rf/Lsf] kbfjlw aL; jif{eGbf sd /x]5 eg]

afFsL cjlw yk u/L lghsf] klt jf kTgLnfO{ cfhLjg o; P]gadf]lhdsf] lgj[Qe/0f

lbOg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] lgj[Qe/0f k|fKt ug]{ JolQmn] bkmf #( adf]lhdsf]

kfl/jfl/s lgj[Qe/0f jf pkbfg kfpg] 5}g .



45

-#_ o; bkmfadf]lhd lgj[Qe/0f kfpg] JolQmn] csf]{ ljjfx u/]df lghn] To:tf]

lgj[Qe/0f kfpg] 5}g .

-$_ axfnjfnf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] tna j[l4 x'Fbf tnasf] ;'? c+sdf hlt j[l4

ePsf] 5 To;sf] b'O{ ltxfO /sd o; bkmfcg';f/ lgj[Qe/0f kfO/x]sf JolQmn] vfOkfO{

cfPsf] kfl/jfl/s lgj[Qe/0f /sddf klg yk ul/g]5 .

-%_ o; bkmfadf]lhd lgj[Qe/0f kfO/x]sf] JolQmsf] d[To' ePdf jf lghn] csf]{

ljjfx u/]df To:tf] lgj[Qe/0fsf] /sd d[ts sd{rf/Lsf] gfafns 5f]/f5f]/L eP To:tf

5f]/f5f]/Ln] aflnu geP;Dd tf]lsPadf]lhd kfpg] 5g\ .

#(3= ljz]if cfly{s ;'ljwf M lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jfdf 5Fb} d[To' ePdf lghsf] kl/jf/nfO{ Ps

nfv krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF Psd'i6 k|bfg ul/g]5 .

$)= tnasf] pNn]vM -!_ o; kl/R5]b / kl/R5]b % df hxfF hxfF tnasf] pNn]v ePsf] 5 To;n]

;DalGwt lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] tTsfnsf] tna /sd -tna j[l4;d]t_ nfO{ hgfpg]5 .

-@_ bkmf #^ / #& sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æcflv/L tnaÆ eGgfn] ;DalGwt sd{rf/Lsf]

cjsfz k|fKt ug]{ cj:yfsf] tnanfO{ hgfpg]5 / To;/L cjsfz k|fKt ug]{ cj:yfdf s'g}

lghfdtL sd{rf/L c;fwf/0f labf jf lgnDagdf /x]sf] eP To:tf] cjlwsf] lgldQ klg k"/}

tnasf] lx;fa ul/g]5 .

$)s= ladf ;'ljwf;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] ladfafkt g]kfn ;/sf/n] Pp6f

;fjlws hLjg ladf sf]if :yfkgf ug]{5 .

-@_ k|To]s lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] dfl;s tnaaf6 b'O{ ;o ?k}ofF s§f u/L pkbkmf

-!_ adf]lhdsf] sf]ifdf hDdf ul/g]5 / Tolt g} /sd g]kfn ;/sf/n] yk u/L ladf+s /sd

Ps nfv ?k}ofFsf] aL;jif]{ ;fjlws hLjg ladf ul/lbg]5 . ;f] ladf sf]ifdf hDdf ePsf]

/sddWo]af6 sd{rf/L ;]jf lgj[Q x'Fbf lghnfO{ ladf+s /sd / af]g; e'QmfgL lbOg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd /sd s§f ug{ ;'? u/]sf] aL; jif{ cjlw gk'uL s'g}

lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] d[To' ePdf lghsf] kl/jf/n] Ps nfv ?k}ofF kfpg]5 . s'g} lghfdtL

sd{rf/L ;]jfaf6 clgjfo{ cjsfz ePdf b]xfoadf]lhdsf] /sd k|bfg ul/g]5 M–

-s_ Ps jif{eGbf sd cjlwsf] /sd s§L ul/Psf] ePdf b; xhf/ ?k}oFf,

-v_ Ps jif{b]lv kfFr jif{;Dd /sd s§L ul/Psf] ePdf kRrL; xhf/ ?k}oFf,

-u_ kfFr jif{b]lv b; jif{;Dd /sd s§L ul/Psf] ePdf krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF,

-3_ b; jif{b]lv kGw| jif{;Dd /sd s§L ul/Psf] ePdf krxQ/ xhf/ ?k}ofF,

-ª_ aL; jif{;Dd /sd s§L ul/Psf] ePdf Ps nfv ?k}ofF .



46

t/ lghn] hDdf u/]sf] /sd / ;f]sf] Aofh nfef+z /sd plNnlvt /sdeGbf a9L

x'g cfPdf ;f]xL a/fa/sf] /sd pQm sf]ifaf6 k|bfg ul/g]5 .

-$_ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd /sd hDdf ug{ ;'? u/]sf] aL;

jif{ gk'uL clgjfo{ cjsfz ePsf] cj:yfdf afx]s cGo h'g;'s} lsl;daf6 ;]jfaf6 cnu

ePdf To:tf] sd{rf/LnfO{ ;dk{0f d"No a/fa/sf] /sd pknAw u/fOg]5 .

-%_ pkbkmf -@_ / -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg lghfdtL ;]jfaf6

cjsfz x'g] sd{rf/Ln] ;fjlws hLjg ladfafkt hDdf u/]sf] /sd aL; jif{ jf ;f]eGbf

sd cjlwdf kl/kSj x'g] u/L lg/Gt/tf lbg ;Sg]5 .

t/ ;f]afkt g]kfn ;/sf/n] s'g} /sd Joxf]g]{ 5}g .

-^_ ;fjlws hLjg ladf sf]if;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

$)v= cWoog, tflnd jf cWoog e|d0f;DaGwL Joj:yfM -!_ ;DalGwt dGqfno, cfof]u jf

;lrjfnon] cfkm\gf] dftxtsf sd{rf/LnfO{ cWoog, tflnd jf cWoog e|d0fdf k7fpgsf]

nflu k|To]s jif{ ;f] ;DaGwL ljj/0f tof/ u/L ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnodf k7fpg'kg]{5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ljj/0f k|fKt ePkl5 ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnon] cWoog,

tflnd jf cWoog e|d0fsf] nflu ljifout cfwf/df ;+Vof ls6fg u/L To;sf] ljj/0f

/fli6«o of]hgf cfof]udf k7fpg'kg]{5 .

-#_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u / cGo ;/sf/L lgsfodf k|fKt

ePsf cWoog, tflnd jf cWoog e|d0f ;DjGwL cj;/ g]kfn Aoj:yflksf–;+;b ;]jf,

g]kfn :jf:Yo ;]jf nufot ;j} ;]jfnfO{ Goflos tj/n] jfF8kmfF8 ug{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf]

;ldlt /xg] 5 M–

-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] d'Vo ;lrj – cWoIf

-v_ cy{ dGqfnosf] ;lrj – ;b:o

-u_ sfg"g, Gofo, ;ljwfg;ef tyf ;+;bLo

dfldnf dGqfnosf] ;lrj – ;b:o

-3_ /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf] ;lrj – ;b:o

-ª_ ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] ;lrj – ;b:o ;lrj

-#s_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd k|fKt cWoog tflnd jf cWoog e|d0f ;DjGwL cj;/

jfF8kmfF8 ;DjGwdf ePsf] sfd sf/jfxL ;DjGwL aflif{s k|ltj]bg Aoj:yflksf ;+;bsf] /fHo

Aoj:yf ;ldlt ;dIf k]z ug'{kg]{5 .


klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk . [


47

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] lg0f{ofg';f/sf] cj;/x¿sf] ljt/0f ;fdfGo

k|zf;g dGqfnon] ug]{5 .

-$s_ o; bkmf adf]lhd a}b]lzs cWoog, tflnd jf cWoog e|d0fdf uPsf]

sd{rf/Ln] To:tf] cWoog, tflnd jf cWoog e|d0f ;DkGg u/]kl5 ;f] ;DjGwL k|ltj]bg

tof/ ul/ cfˆgf] sfof{nodf k]z ug'{kg]{5 .

-%_ cWoog, tflnd jf cWoog e|d0fdf dgf]gog ug]{ ;DaGwL cfwf/x¿

tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5g\ .

$)u= cWoog, tflnd jf cWoog e|d0f k"/f u/]kl5 ;]jf ug'{kg]{ cjlwM g]kfn ;/sf/sf]

dgf]gogdf cWoog ug]{, tflnd lng] jf cWoog e|d0fdf hfg] lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] To:tf]

cWoog, tflnd jf cWoog e|d0f k"/f u/]kl5 cWoog, tflnd jf cWoog e|d0fdf hfg'eGbf

cl3 sfo{/t /x]sf] dGqfno jf sfof{nodf o; P]gsf] cwLgdf /xL b]xfoadf]lhdsf]

cjlw;Dd clgjfo{ ¿kn] ;]jf ug'{kg]{5M–

cWoog, tflnd jf cWoog

e|d0fsf] cjlw

;]jf ug'{kg]{

Go"gtd cjlw

-s_ tLg dlxgf;Dd Ps jif{

-v_ tLg dlxgfb]lv 5 dlxgf;Dd 8]9 jif{

-u_ 5 dlxgfb]lv gf} dlxgf;Dd b'O{ jif{

-3_ gf} dlxgfb]lv Ps jif{;Dd tLg jif{

-ª_ Ps jif{b]lv b'O{ jif{;Dd rf/ jif{

-r_ b'O{ jif{b]lv tLg jif{;Dd kf“r jif{

-5_ tLg jif{b]lv rf/ jif{;Dd ;ft jif{

-h_ rf/ jif{b]lv kf“r jif{;Dd cf7 jif{

$)3= sa'lnot ug'{kg]{M -!_ s'g} klg lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] ;/sf/L dgf]gogdf cWoog ug{,

tflnd lng jf cWoog e|d0f ug{ hfg'eGbf cl3 To:tf] cWoog, tflnd jf cwoog e|d0f

k"/f u/L kms]{/ cfO{ bkmf $)u= adf]lhdsf] ;]jf ug]{ sa'lnot ug'{kg]{5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;/sf/L dgf]gogdf uPsf lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cWoog,

tflnd jf cWoog e|d0f k"/f u/]kl5 ;]jf ug{ gcfPdf jf bkmf $)u= adf]lhd ug'{kg]{ ;]jf

cjlw k"/f gu/]df To:tf] sd{rf/Laf6 cWoog, tflnd jf cWoog e|d0f cjlwe/ lghn]

rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk . klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .



48

kfPsf] tna,eQf lghn] k|fKt u/]sf] 5fqj[lQ /sd tyf sa'lnotdf pNn]v ePsf cGo

/sdx¿;d]t tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq ga'emfPdf ;/sf/L af“ sL;/x c;'npk/ ul/g]5 .

-#_ clVtof/jfnfsf] k"j{:jLs[lt lnO{ lghL k|of;df uPsf lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln]

cWoog, tflnd jf cWoog e|d0f k"/f u/]kl5 cWoog, tflnd jf cWoog e|d0fdf JotLt

u/]sf] cjlw a/fa/ ;]jf ug]{ sa'lnot ug'{kg]{5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -!_ / -#_ adf]lhd cWoog ug{ uPsf lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cWoog,

tflnd jf cWoog e|d0f k"/f u/]kl5 ;]jf ug{ gcfPdf jf ;]jf cjlw k"/f gu/]df To:tf

sd{rf/Lsf] cWoog, tflnd jf cWoog e|d0fsf] cjlw lghsf] ;]jf cjlwdf u0fgf ul/g]

5}g .

-%_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvP tfklg cWoog, tflnd jf cWoog

e|d0fdf uPsf] sd{rf/L clgjfo{ cjsfz ePsf] jf d[To' ePsf] sf/0fn] bkmf $)u=

adf]lhdsf] ;]jf cjlw k"/f ug{ g;s]df lgh jf lghsf] kl/jf/af6 s'g} /sd c;'npk/

ul/g] 5}g .

kl/R5]b– &

cfr/0f

$!= ;do kfng / lgoldttfM lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 lgwf{l/t ;dodf lgoldt

¿kn] sfof{nodf xflh/ x'g'kb{5 / ;s];Dd klxn] labfsf] :jLs[lt glnO{ sfdaf6

cg'kl:yt x'g' x'Fb}g .

$@= cg'zf;g / cf1fkfngM -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cg'zf;gdf /xL cfkm\gf] st{Jo OdfGbf/L /

tTk/tfsf] ;fy kfng ug'{kb{5 .

-@_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] ;/sf/L sfd;DaGwL s'/fdf cfkm"eGbf dflysf] clws[tn]

lbPsf cf1fnfO{ zL3|tfsf ;fy k"/f ug'{kg]{5 .

-#_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm"eGbf dflysf ;a} sd{rf/Lx¿k|lt plrt cfb/

b]vfpg'kg]{5 / cfkm"d'lgsf sd{rf/Lx¿k|lt plrt Jojxf/ ug'{kg]{5 .

$#= /fhg}lts jf cjf~5gLo k|efj kfg{ gx'g]M s'g} klg lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm\gf]

;]jf;DaGwL s'/fdf dtna ;fWo ug]{ dg;fon] cGo sd{rf/Ldfly s'g} /fhg}lts jf

cjf~5gLo k|efj kfg{ jf k|efj kfg]{ k|oTg ug'{ x'Fb}g .

$$= /fhgLltdf efu lng gx'g]M lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] /fhgLltdf efu lng' x'Fb}g .

$%= ;/sf/sf] cfnf]rgf ug{ gx'g]M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gLltsf] ljk/Lt x'g] u/L jf g]kfn

;/sf/ / hgtfsf] kf/:kl/s ;DaGwdf jf s'g} ljb]zL /fi6«;+usf] ;DaGwdf vnn kg{ ;Sg]

u/L s'g} klg lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm\gf] jf:tljs jf sfNklgs gfdaf6 jf a]gfdL s'g}


49

n]v k|sflzt ug{, k|];nfO{ s'g} va/ lbg, /]l8of] jf 6]lnlehg cflbåf/f efif0f k|;fl/t ug{,

s'g} ;fj{hlgs efif0f lbg jf s'g} jQmJo k|sflzt ug{ x'Fb}g .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg k|rlnt sfg"g / g]kfn

;/sf/sf] gLltsf] ljk/Lt gx'g] u/L n]v k|sfzg jf k|;f/0f ug{ afwf kg]{ 5}g .

$^= ;/sf/L sfdsfh;DaGwL ;dfrf/ k|sfz ug{df k|ltaGwM s'g} klg lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln]

g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f clVtof/ gkfO{ cfkm"n] ;/sf/L st{Jo kfng ubf{ hfgsf/Ldf cfPsf] s'g}

uf]Ko jf sfg"gåf/f lgif]lwt ljifo cfkm"n] n]v]sf] jf ;+sng u/]sf] s'g} sfuhkq jf

;dfrf/ k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ¿kaf6 c¿ cglws[t sd{rf/L jf u}/;/sf/L JolQm jf k|];nfO{

lbg' jf atfpg' x'Fb}g . of] k|ltaGw h'g;'s} sf/0faf6 ;/sf/L ;]jfdf g/x]sf] JolQmsf] xsdf

;d]t nfu" /xg]5 .

$&= bfg, pkxf/, rGbf cflb k|fKt ug{ / ;fk6L lngdf k|ltaGwM -!_ ;/sf/L sfddf s'g} klg

k|sf/n] c;/ kg{ ;Sg] u/L s'g} klg lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lagf

cfkm"n] jf cfkm\gf] kl/jf/sf] s'g} ;b:oåf/f s;}af6 s'g} k|sf/sf] bfg, bftJo, sf];]nL jf

pkxf/ :jLsf/ ug{ jf rGbf dfUg jf ;/sf/L sfd;+u ;DalGwt JolQm;+u ;fk6L lng

x'Fb}g .

-@_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] s'g} ljb]zL ;/sf/ jf ljb]zL ;/sf/sf] s'g} k|ltlglwaf6

s'g} pkxf/ k|fKt x'g cfPdf lghn] g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ;f] s'/fsf] ;"rgf lbO{ lgsf;f

ePadf]lhd ug'{k5{ .

$*= sDkgLsf] :yfkgf / ;~rfng tyf Jofkf/ Joj;fo ug{ gx'g]M -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln]

g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"j{ :jLs[lt glnO{ b]xfosf] sfd ug'{ x'Fb}gM–

-s_ s'g} a}+s jf sDkgLsf] :yfkgf, /lhi6«]zg jf ;~rfngsf] sfddf

efu lng,

-v_ k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd btf{ u/fpg'kg]{ s'g} Jofkf/ jf Joj;fo ug{,

-u_ ================

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] g]kfn

;/sf/sf] gLlt ljk/Lt gx'g] u/L ;flxlTos, j}1flgs jf snfTds sfo{ ug{ ;Sg]5 .

$(= lgjf{rgdf efu lng gx'g]M lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] s'g} klg /fhg}lts kbsf] nflu x'g]

lgjf{rgdf efu lng jf s;}sf] lgldQ dt dfUg jf s'g} k|sf/sf] k|efj kfg{ x'Fb}g .

t/ s;nfO{ dt lbPsf] jf lbg] ljrf/ u/]sf] s'/f k|s6 gu/L k|rlnt

sfg"gadf]lhd cfkm"n] kfPsf] dtbfgsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug{ afwf kg]{ 5}g .

rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f lemlsPsf] .


50

$(s=cGoq gf]s/L jf ;]jf ug{ gx'g]M -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cGoqs'g} k|sf/sf] gf]s/L ug{ jf

cfly{s nfe jf s'g} ;'ljwf k|fKt ug{] u/L k/fdz{bftf, ;Nnfxsf/, ljz]if1 jf s'g} x}l;otn]

;]jf k|bfg ug{] sfo{ ug'{ x'Fb}g .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] sfo{ ug{ afwf k'u]sf]

dflgg] 5}g–

-s_ cfkm\gf] kbLo st{Jo kfngfsf] jf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] tf]s]sf] jf

nufPsf] sfo{ ubf{sf] l;nl;nfdf s;}nfO{ ;]jf k|bfg ug{,

-v_ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd cWoog ljbf lnO{ :jb]zL jf ljb]zL z}lIfs ;+:yfdf

cWoog ubf{sf] avt ;DalGwt z}lIfs ;+:yfdf s'g} ;]jf k'¥ofpg jf To:tf]

;+:yfn] nufPsf] s'g} sfo{ ug{,

-u_ /fli6«o jf cGt/f{li6«o z}lIfs, k|fl1s jf cg';Gwfgd"ns ;+3;+:yf jf g]kfn

;b:o /fi6« /x]sf] If]qLo jf cGt/f{li6«o ;+3;+:yfsf] ;]jf ;DalGwt ;]jf,

;d"x, pk;d"xsf] nflu pkof]uL x'g] b]vL clVtof/jfnfn] labf jf sfh

:jLs[t u/]sf]df ;DalGwt lgsfodf ;]jf ug{,

-3_ clVtof/jfnfsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gLlt ljk/Lt gx'g] u/L :jb]z

jf ljb]zl:yt sfo{qmddf ;xefuL x'g, k|jrg lbg jf sfo{kq k|:t't ug{,

-ª_ clVtof/jfnfsf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ sfof{no ;do afx]ssf] ;dodf z}lIfs,

k|fl1s jf k|lzIf0f ;+:yfdf k|lzIf0f jf cg';Gwfg ug{,

-r_ g]kfn ;/sf/4f/f ;~rflnt jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k'0f{ jf cf+lzs :jfldTj jf

lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] k|lzIf0f ;+:yfdf sfof{nosf] sfddf jfwf gkg]{ ul/

k|lzIf0f ;DjlGw sfo{ jf cg';Gwfg ug{,

-5_ sfof{nosf] sfddf jfwf gkg]{ u/L dfgj sNof0f, k/f]ksf/ jf ;fdflhs

enfO{sf nflu ;]jf k'¥ofpg,

-h_ cfly{s nfe jf s'g} ;'ljwf glng], sfof{nosf] sfddf afwf gkg]{ / g]kfn

;/sf/sf] clxt gx'g] u/L cfkm\gf] k]zfut ;+u7g jf cGo s'g} ;fdflhs

;+:yfdf cfa4 x'g .

:ki6Ls/0fM o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ……;fdflhs ;+:yfÚÚ eGgfn] ;fdflhs

cfjZostf k"/f ug{] l;nl;nfdf k/Dk/f b]vL ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t eO{ ;dfhdf

lqmoflzn /x]sf ;fdflhs ;+3 ;+:yf ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] k|rlnt sfg"g



51

adf]lhd btf{ ePsf ;flxTo, snf, ;+:s[lt, v]ns'b, ;+uLt, lj1fg, wd{ jf

o:t} cGo s'g} ljwf jf If]q;Fu ;DalGwt ;+:yfnfO{ ;d]t hGffpF5 .

-#_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg nf]s ;]jf cfof]u jf

;fj{hlgs lgosfaf6 kbk'lt{sf nflu lnOg] k|ltof]lutfTds k/LIffsf] k|s[ofdf ;+DnUg x'g]

sd{rf/Ln] To:tf] k|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf k|lzIf0f lbg / To:tf] k|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf k|lzIf0f

lbPsf] AoflQmn] To;kl5 Psaif{ ;Dd ;~rfng x'g] To:tf] k/LIffsf] k|s[ofdf ;+nUg x'g

kfFpg] 5}g .

$(v=:yfoL cfjf;Lo cg'dlt lng gx'g]M lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] :yfoL cfjf;Lo cg'dlt lng jf

To:tf] cg'dlt k|fKt ug{sf] nflu cfj]bg lbg x'Fb}g .

%)= k|bz{g / x8tfn ug{ k|ltaGwM lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] g]kfn ========== sf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf /

cv08tfdf cfFr cfpg] u/L, b]zsf] zflGt ;'/Iff, j}b]lzs ;DaGw / ;fj{hlgs dof{bf tyf

cbfntsf] lg0f{osf] cjx]ngf x'g] u/L, ljleGg hft, hflt, wd{, ju{, If]q / ;Dk|bfosf

dflg;x¿aLr j}dgio pTkGg u/fpg] jf ;fDk|bflos b'ef{jgf km}nfpg] u/L jf s'g}

ck/fwnfO{ k|>o x'g] u/L k|bz{g ug{, x8tfndf efu lng jf ;f] sfo{ ug]{ p2]Zon] c¿nfO{

pS;fpg;d]t x'Fb}g .

%!= x8tfn, y'g5]s tyf 3]/fp ug{df k|ltaGwM lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] s'g} klg sfof{no jf

clws[tsf] sfg"gåf/f lgwf{l/t st{Jo k"/f ug{df afwf lj/f]w x'g] u/L x8tfn jf snd aGb

ug{ tyf zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s pTkL8g x'g] u/L bafj lbg jf ;f] ug]{ p2]Zon] c¿nfO{

pS;fg;d]t x'Fb}g .

%@= k|ltlglwTj ug{df k|ltaGwM lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm"nfO{ dsf{ k/]sf] ljifodf cfkm}+n] jf

jf/];åf/f ;DalGwt lgsfo jf clwsf/L;dIf lgj]bg lbgafx]s c¿ JolQm jf ;d"xsf]

tkm{af6 k|ltlglwTj ug{ x'Fb}g .

t/ bkmf %# sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd ul7t lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] cflwsfl/s 6«]8

o'lgogsf] tkm{af6 ul/g] k|ltlglwTj / lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] kbLo bfloTjsf] cfwf/df

ug'{kg]{ s'g} sfo{ ug{df o; bkmfn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .

%#= lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx¿sf] 6«]8 o'lgog;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] o; P]gsf]

cwLgdf /xL 6«]8 o'lgog u7g ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .

rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk . u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] . bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .


52

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd 6«]8 o'lgog u7g ubf{ b]xfosf] ljifodf b]xfoadf]lhdsf]

Joj:yf kfngf ug'{kg]{5 M–

-s_ sfof{no k|d'v eO{ sfd ug'{kg]{ /fhkqf+lst sd{rf/Lafx]s

/fhkqf+lst t[tLo >]0fL jf ;f]eGbf d'lgsf sd{rf/Lx¿n] cfkm\gf]

k];fut xs lxtsf nflu /fli6«o:t/sf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] 6«]8

o'lgogx¿ u7g u/L ;b:otf lng ;Sg]5g\ .

-v_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] 6«]8 o'lgogx¿sf] btf{ >d tyf /f]huf/

k|j4{g ljefudf x'g]5 .

-#_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] cflwsfl/s 6«]8 o'lgogsf] u7g b]xfoadf]lhd x'g]5M–

-s_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd u7g ePsf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] 6«]8

o'lgogsf ;b:ox¿n] 5gf}6 u/]sf kbflwsf/Lx¿ /xg] u/L Ps

lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] cflwsfl/s 6«]8 o'lgog u7g ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .

-v_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] cflwsfl/s 6«]8 o'lgogn] lhNnf:t/,

ljefuLo:t/ / /fli6«o:t/df cfkm\gf] k];fut dfux¿ ;DalGwt

lgsfodf k|:t't u/L ;fdflhs ;+jfb / ;fd"lxs ;f}bfjfhL ug{

kfpg]5 . lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] cflwsfl/s 6«]8 o'lgog u7g

gePsf] cj:yfdf pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd u7g ePsf lghfdtL

sd{rf/Lsf 6«]8 o'lgog ;+3x¿n] cfk;df ;xdlt u/L ;fd"lxs

;f}bfjfhL ug{ kfpg] 5g\ .

-u_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] cflwsfl/s 6«]8 o'lgog;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf


-$_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] 6«]8 o'lgogsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfoadf]lhd

x'g]5 M–

-s_ sd{rf/Lsf] xs lxt ;+/If0f Pj+ ;+j4{g u/L lghfdtL ;]jfnfO{

k|efjsf/L / ultzLn agfpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ /rgfTds ;'emfj /

;xof]u ug'{ pkbkmf -!_ / -#_ adf]lhd ul7t lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf]

6«]8 o'lgogx¿sf] st{Jo x'g]5 .

-v_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] 6«]8 o'lgogn] e]nf, tflnd, k|lzIf0f,

uf]i7Lnufotsf /rgfTds Pj+ l;h{gfTds sfo{x¿ ;~rfng ug{

;Sg]5g\ .


53

-u_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] 6«]8 o'lgognfO{ dxf;+3 u7g ug]{, To;sf]

;b:o aGg], cGt/f{li6«o ;+3 jf dxf;+3sf] ;b:o aGg] / cfkm\gf]

;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 k|ltlglwTj ug]{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .

-%_ lghfdtL ;]jf;+u ;DalGwt sfg'gsf] lgdf{0f ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] lghfdtL

sd{rf/Lsf] cflwsfl/s 6«]8 o'lgogsf] ;Nnfx / ;'emfj lng ;Sg]5 .

-^_ pkbkmf -!_ / -#_ adf]lhd u7g ePsf /fli6«o:t/sf 6«]8 o'lgogx¿ /

cflwsfl/s 6«]8 o'lgogsf kbflwsf/Laf6 cfkm\gf] sfo{If]q cg's"n :yfgdf ;?jfsf] dfu

ePdf clVtof/jfnfn] ;f] cg's"n x'g] u/L ;?jf ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg'kg]{5 .

-&_ pkbkmf -!_ / -#_ adf]lhd ul7t /fli6«o:t/sf 6«]8 o'lgogx¿sf s]Gb|Lo

kbflwsf/Lx¿ / ;b:ox¿nfO{ o'lgog;DaGwL :jb]zL tyf j}b]lzs ;]ldgf/, uf]i7L,

clwj]zg, ;+u7g;DaGwL sfo{ cflb sfo{qmddf efu lngsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ cfly{s

bfloTj gkg]{ u/L Ps jif{df a9Ldf tL; lbg;Ddsf] sfhsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-*_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] 6«]8 o'lgogsf] btf{, ;f];DaGwL ;t{, k|lqmof / cGo

Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

%$= ;DklQ ljj/0fM lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm\gf] ;DklQsf] ljj/0f lbg'kg]{5 .

%$s= oftgf lbg gx'g] M -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] s;}nfO{ klg oftgf lbg' x'Fb}g .

-@_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] of}ghGo b'Jo{jxf/ / 3/]n' lx+;f;DaGwL sfo{ ug'{ u/fpg'

x'Fb}g .

%$v= cGo cfr/0f M -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm\gf] sfof{nodf sfd ubf{ ;a}k|lt lzi6 Jojxf/

ug'{kg]{5 .

-@_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfˆgf] sfof{no tyf kbcg';f/ cfOkg]{ lhDd]jf/LnfO{

dof{bfk"j{s axg u/L lgikIf, :jR5 tyf l56f] 5l/tf] ¿kdf sfo{;Dkfbg ug'{kg]{5 .

-#_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] s'g} klg ;/sf/L ;DklQsf] k|of]u jf pkof]u 3/fo;L

sfo{sf] nflu ug{ x'Fb}g .

-$_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] ;/sf/L /fh:jaf6 tna, eQf vfg] u/L lgo'Qm ePsf] s'g}

klg ;/sf/L sd{rf/LnfO{ sfof{nosf] sfddf afx]s cfkm\gf] 3/fo;L sfddf nufpg' x'Fb}g .

%$u= ;]jfu|fxLk|ltsf] Jojxf/ M -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfˆgf] sfd;Fu ;DalGwt ;]jfu|fxLk|lt

dof{lbt Jojxf/ ug'{kg]{5 .

-@_ ;]jfu|fxLsf] sfd;Fu ;DalGwt ljifo, k|lqmof / sfd ;Dkfbg ug{ nfUg]

;do;d]tsf] :ki6 hfgsf/L ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ oyf;dodf u/fpg'kg]{5 .



54

%%= cfkm\gf] ;]jf / kbcg';f/sf] cfr/0f kfng ug'{kg]{M k|To]s lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm\gf] ;]jf

/ kb cg's"nsf] cfr/0f;d]t kfng ug'{kg]{5 .

%%s= r]tfjfgL lbg ;Sg]M s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] ;do kfng gu/]df, ;/sf/L sfd;DaGwL

s'/fdf cfkm"eGbf dflysf] sd{rf/Ln] lbPsf] cf1f kfng gu/]df jf sfof{no;DaGwL sfddf

nfk/afxL jf l9nf;':tL u/]df To:tf] sd{rf/LnfO{ ;DalGwt ;'k/Lj]Ifsn] sf/0f vf]nL

r]tfjgL lbg ;Sg]5 / ;f]sf] clen]v ;DalGwt sd{rf/Lsf] JolQmut ljj/0f kmfOndf

/fVg'kg]{5 .

kl/R5]b– *

;]jfsf] ;'/Iff

%^= lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jfsf] ;'/IffM b]xfosf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lafx]s cGo s'g} klg

lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ ;kmfOsf] ;a"t lbg] dgfl;a dflkmssf] df}sf glbO{ lghfdtL

;]jfaf6 x6fOg] jf avf{:t ul/g] 5}gM–

-s_ g}lts ktg b]lvg] kmf}hbf/L cleof]udf cbfntaf6 s;"/bf/

7xl/Psf],

-v_ DofbL kbdf axfn /x]sf],

-u_ efuL kQf gnfu]sf] jf ;Dks{ :yflkt ug{ ;Dej gePsf] kof{Kt

cfwf/ ePsf] .

-3_ e|i6frf/ cf/f]kdf cbfntaf6 s;'/bf/ 7xl/Psf] .

%&= lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] arfpM -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm\gf] cf]xbfsf] st{Jo kfng ;DemL

u/]sf] s'g} ;/sf/L sfdsf] ;DaGwdf lghpk/ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] /Lt gk'¥ofO{ d'2f

rNg ;Sg] 5}g .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Lpk/ d'2f rnfpgsf] nflu kmf}hbf/L

d'2fsf] xsdf clVtof/jfnfsf] cg'dlt k|fKt ePsf] x'g'kg]{5 / b]jfgL d'2fsf] xsdf

b]xfoadf]lhd ePsf] x'g'kg]{5M–

-s_ d'2f rnfpg] sf/0f tyf jfbLsf] / lghsf] jf/]; ePdf To:tf]

jf/];sf] gfd / 7]ufgf vf]nL lnlvt ;"rgf clVtof/jfnfnfO{ jf

;DalGwt lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ a'emfPsf] jf x'nfsåf/f /lhi6/L

u/L k7fPsf] / To;sf] Psk|lt gSsn g]kfn ;/sf/df k]z ePsf]

b'O{ dlxgf gf3]sf] .




55

-v_ d'2f rnfpg] sf/0f ePsf] cf7 dlxgfleq d'2f bfo/ ul/;s]sf] .

-#_ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/L axfn 5Fbf cfkm\gf] cf]xbfsf] st{Jo kfngsf] l;nl;nfdf

u/]sf] sfdsf] ;DaGwdf axfn 6'l6;s]kl5 klg g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt geO{ lghpk/ d'2f

rNg ;Sg] 5}g .

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd d'2f rnfpg g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[lt lbPdf lghsf]

k|lt/Iff g]kfn ;/sf/n] ug]{5 .

%*= ;]jf zt{sf] ;'/IffM s'g} klg lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ lghsf] lgo'lQm x'Fbf tTsfn nfu" /x]sf]

tna, pkbfg, lgj[Qe/0f / cGo ;'ljwf;DaGwL ;]jfsf zt{x¿df lghsf] :jLs[lt a]u/

lghnfO{ k|lts"n c;/ kg]{ u/L kl/jt{g ul/g] 5}g . kl5 x'g] ;+zf]wgn] To:tf] ;+zf]wg x'g'

cufj} axfn /x]sf] s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] pko'{Qm ;]jfsf zt{x¿df s'g} k|sf/n] k|lts"n

c;/ kg]{ ePdf To:tf] ;+zf]lwt Joj:yfadf]lhd ug{ dGh"/ u/]sf] lnlvt :jLs[lt geO{

To:tf] Joj:yf lghsf] xsdf nfu" x'g] 5}g .

kl/R5]b– (

;hfo / k'g/fj]bg

%(= ;hfoM plrt / kof{Kt sf/0f ePdf lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ b]xfoadf]lhdsf] ljefuLo

;hfo ug{ ;lsg]5M–

-s_ ;fdfGo ;hfoM

-!_ gl;xt lbg],

-@_ b'O{ jif{;Dd a9'jf /f]Ssf ug]{ jf a9Ldf b'O{ tna j[l4 /f]Ssf ug]{,

-#_ b'O{ jif{b]lv kfFr jif{;Dd a9'jf /f]Ssf ug]{ jf b'O{b]lv kfFr tna

j[l4;Dd /f]Ssf ug]{ .

-v_ ljz]if ;hfoM

-!_ eljiodf ;/sf/L ;]jfsf] lgldQ cof]Uo g7xl/g] u/L ;]jfaf6

x6fpg] .

-@_ eljiodf ;/sf/L ;]jfsf] lgldQ cof]Uo 7xl/g] u/L ;]jfaf6

a/vf:t ug]{ .

^)= gl;xt lbg] jf a9Ldf b'O{ tna j[l4 jf b'O{ jif{;Dd a9'jf /f]Ssf ug]{M b]xfosf] s'g}

cj:yfdf lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ gl;xt lbg] jf a9Ldf b'O{ tna j[l4 /f]Ssf ug]{ jf b'O{

jif{;Dd a9'jf /f]Ssf ug]{ ;hfo ug{ ;lsg]5M–




56

-s_ lghn] ;Dkfbg u/]sf] sfd ;Gtf]ifhgs gePdf,

-v_ k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd a/a'emf/y gu/]df,

-u_ bkmf %%s= adf]lhd Ps jif{df b'O{ k6s;Dd lnlvt r]tfjgL kfPdf,

-3_ of] P]g jf k|rlnt sfg'gn] tf]s]sf] kbLo bfloTj lhDd]jf/Lk"j{s k"/f gu/]df,

-ª_ ;]jfu|fxLsf] kL/dsf{ / ph'/L k6s–k6s a]jf:tf u/]sf] ;DaGwdf cfkm"eGbf

dflyNnf] clwsf/Ln] lbPsf] lgb]{zg kfngf gu/]df,

-r_ sfo{ ljj/0f nfu" ug]{ u/fpg] bfloTj ePsf] kbflwsf/Ln] ;f] sfo{ gu/]df .

^)s= b'O{ jif{b]lv kfFr jif{;Dd a9'jf /f]Ssf ug]{ jf b'O{b]lv kfFr tna j[l4;Dd /f]Ssf ug]{ M

b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ b'O{ jif{b]lv kfFr jif{;Dd a9'jf /f]Ssf ug]{ jf

b'O{b]lv kfFr tna j[l4;Dd /f]Ssf ug]{ ;hfo ug{ ;lsg]5M–

-s_ cg'zf;gxLg sfd u/]df,

-v_ of] P]g / o; P]gcGtu{t ag]sf lgodx¿df plNnlvt cfr/0f;DaGwL

s'/fx¿ pNn+3g u/]df,

-u_ k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd k]:sL km5\of}{6 gu/]df,

-3_ Joj:yfkg k/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf clgoldttf ;DaGwdf lbPsf] lgb]{zg

kfngf gu/]df,

-ª_ k"j{:jLs[lt glnO{ a/fa/ sfof{nodf cg'kl:yt /x]df,

-r_ bkmf $(s= sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] cj:yfdf afx]s cGoq s'g} k|sf/sf] gf]s/L

ug]{ jf cfly{s nfe jf s'g} ;'ljwf k|fKt ug]{ u/L k/fdz{bftf, ;Nnfxsf/,

ljz]if1 jf s'g} x}l;otn] ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ sfo{ u/]df .

^!= ;]jfaf6 x6fpg] jf a/vf:t ug]{M -!_ b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{

eljiodf ;/sf/L ;]jfsf] lgldQ cof]Uo g7xl/g] u/L ;]jfaf6 x6fpg ;lsg]5M–

-s_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cof]Uotfsf] sf/0fn] cfkm\gf] kbsf] sfd jf lhDd]jf/L

k"/f ug{ g;s]df .

-v_ cfr/0f;DaGwL s'/f a/fa/ pNn+3g u/]df .

-u_ sfof{nosf] ;dodf a/fa/ dfbs kbfy{sf] ;]jg u/]df .

-3_ a/fa/ cg'zf;gxLg sfd u/]df .

-ª_ /fhgLltdf efu lnPdf .

-r_ cfkm\gf] kbsf] lhDd]jf/Lsf] a/fa/ a]jf:tf u/]df .




57

-5_ labf :jLs[t gu/fO{ nuftf/ gAa] lbg;Dd cfkm\gf] sfof{nodf cg'kl:yt

/x]df .

-h_ dgfl;j sf/0f eO{ labf :jLs[t u/fPsf]df jfx]s j}b]lzs cWoog, tflnd

jf cWoog e|d0fdf uPsf] lghfdtL sd{rf/L To:tf] cWoog, tflnd jf

cWoog e|d0f k"/f u/]sf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq ;DalGwt sfof{nodf xflh/

gePdf .

-em_ ============================

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -v_ / bkmf ^)s= sf] v08 -v_ df h'g;'s} s'/f

n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ eljiodf ;/sf/L ;]jfsf]

lgldQ cof]Uo 7xl/g] u/L ;]jfaf6 avf{:t ul/g]5 M–

-s_ g}lts ktg b]lvg] kmf}hbf/L cleof]udf cbfntaf6 s;'/bf/

7xl/Pdf .

-v_ e|i6frf/ u/]df .

-u_ :yfoL cfjf;Lo cg'dlt lnPdf jf ;f]sf] nflu cfj]bg lbPdf .

-3_ lghfdtL ;]jfdf lgo'Qm x'g] jf axfn /xg] p2]Zon] gful/stf,

pd]/ jf of]Uotf 9fF6]sf] k|dfl0ft ePdf .

^!s= ljefuLo sf/afxL / ;hfo;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f

n]lvPsf] eP tfklg clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u P]g, @)$* adf]lhd ;f]

cfof]uaf6 / k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd ;DalGwt lgsfon] s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ ljefuLo

sf/afxL ug{ n]vL cfPdf cfjZos k|lqmof k'¥ofO{ ;f]xLadf]lhd ljefuLo ;hfo ug'{kg]{5 .

-@_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bkmf $! ljk/Lt labf glnO{

cfkm\gf] sfof{nodf cg'kl:yt x'g] lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ uon / tna s§L ug{ ;lsg]5 .

o;/L uon ePsf] cjlw ;]jf cjlwdf u0fgf ul/g] 5}g .

-#_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg labf :jLs[t gu/fO{ nuftf/

gAa] lbgeGbf a9L cjlw cg'kl:yt x'g] sd{rf/LnfO{ uon s§L u/L xflh/ u/fpg ;lsg]

5}g . xflh/ u/fPdf To;/L xflh/ u/fpg] kbflwsf/LnfO{ bkmf ^) adf]lhd ljefuLo

sf/afxL x'g]5 / To;/L xflh/ u/fPsf] sd{rf/Ln] vfPsf] tna, eQf;d]t To;/L xflh/

u/fpg] kbflwsf/Laf6 ;/sf/L afFsL ;/x c;'npk/ ul/g]5 .

rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk . s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&@ åf/f lemlsPsf] .

rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt . bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .


58

^!v= :jo+ 3f]if0ff u/L ljj/0f k]z ug'{kg]{M -!_ of] bkmf k|f/De x'g' cl3 :yfoL cfjf;Lo cg'dlt lnPsf]

jf To:tf] cg'dltsf nlfu cfj]bg lbPsf] k|To]s sd{rf/Ln] of] bkmf k|f/De ePsf] ldltn] tL;

lbgleq ;f]sf] :jo+ 3f]if0ff u/L b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f cfkm" sfo{/t sfof{nodf k]z ug'{

kg]{5 M–

-s_ cfˆgf] gfd, y/, ;]jf, ;d"x, pk;d"x / xfnsf] kb .

-v_ :yfoL cfjf;Lo cg'dlt lnPsf] eP ;f] lnPsf] jf To:tf] cg'dlt k|fKt

ug{sf] nflu cfj]bg lbPsf] eP ;f] sf] ldlt .

-u_ ;DalGwt ljb]zL d'n'ssf] gfd .

-3_ cfkm"n] lnPsf] :yfoL cfjf;Lo cg'dlt kl/Tofu ug{ jf To:tf]

cg'dltsf] nflu lbPsf] cfj]bg /2 u/fpg OR5's eP gePsf] .

-@_ s'g} lghfdtLsd{rf/lsf] ;uf]nsf] klt jf kTgLn] :yfoL cfjf;Lo cg'dlt lnPsf]

ePdf of] bkmf k|f/De ePsf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq ;DjlGwt lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm' sfo{/t

sfof{nodf pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f k]z ug'{kg]{5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f k|fKt ePkl5 ;DjlGwt sfof{non] ;f] sf]

ljj/0f k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] kGw| lbgleq ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .

^!u= hfgsf/L lbg ;lsg] M -!_ bkmf $(v ljkl/t s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] :yfoL cfjf;Lo cg'dlt

lnPsf] hfgsf/L s;}nfO{ k|fKt ePdf To:tf] AoflQmn] ;f] hfgsf/L ;DjlGwt lghfdtL sd{rf/L

sfo{/t sfof{no jf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnodf lbg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L s'g} sfof{nodf k|fKt x'g cfPdf ;DjlGwt

sfof{non] To:tf] hfgsf/L k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnodf k7fpg'

kg]{5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd jf cGo s'g} >f]taf6 s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] :yfoL

cfjf;Lo cg'dlt lnPsf] jf ;f] sf] nflu cfj]bg lbPsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt x'g cfPdf ;fdfGo

k|zf;g dGqfnon] bkmf ^!v= sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw Aoltt ePkl5 To:tf] lghfdtL

sd{rf/Lsf] ;DjGwdf 5fgljg ug{ laefuLo ;hfo lbg] clwsf/LnfO{ n]lv k7fpg' kg]{5 .

-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd n]lv cfPdf laefuLo ;hfo lbg] clwsf/Ln] To:tf] lghfdtL

sd{rf/Lsf] ;DjGwdf tLg lbgleq 5fgjLg k|f/De u/L +;f]sf] hfgsf/L oyfl;3| ;fdfGo k|zf;g

dGqfnonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd 5fgljg ubf{ laefuLo ;hfo lbg] clwsf/Ln] ;fdfGo k|zf;g

dGqfno jf cGo s'g} ;/sf/L lgsfo;+u s'g} s'/fsf] hfgsf/L jf ;xof]u dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 /

To:tf] hfgsf/L jf ;xof]u pknJw u/fpg' ;DjlGwt lgsfosf] st{Jo x'g]5 .



59

-^_ o; bkmf adf]lhd 5fgljg / sf/jfxL ubf{ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] :yfoL cfjfl;o

cg'dlt lnPsf] jf ;f] sf] nflu cfj]bg lbPsf] b]lvPdf lghnfO{ tLg dlxgfleq k|rlnt sfg"g

adf]lhdsf] k|s[of k'/f u/L o; P]g adf]lhd ;hfo u/L ;f]sf] hfgsf/L kGw|lbgleq ;fdfGo

k|zf;g dGqfnodf lbg' kg]{5 .

^!3= ;hfo gx'g] M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg of] bkmf k|f/De x'g'eGbf

tTsfn cl3 sfod /x]sf] bkmf $* sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhd k'j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ cGoq

s'g} k|sf/sf] gf]s/L jf ;]jf k|bfg ul//x]sf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] of] bkmf k|f/De ePsf] ldltn]

tL; lbg leq To:tf] gf]s/L jf ;]jf 5f8]sf] k|df0f ;lxt lgj]bg lbPdf lghnfO{ o; P]g adf]lhd

;hfo x'g] 5}g .

-@_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg of] bkmf k|f/De x'g' cl3 :yfoL

cfjf;Lo cg'dlt lnPsf] jf ;f] sf] nflu cfj]bg lbPsf] s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] ;f] s'/f :jLsf/

u/L of] bkmf k|f/De ePsf] ldltn] ;f7Llbg leq cfkm'n] k|fKt u/]sf] :yfoL cfjf;Lo cg'dlt

Tofu]sf] jf To:tf] cg'dlt k|fKt ug{sf] nflu lbPsf] cfj]bg /2 ug{sf] nflu ;DjlGwt d'n'sdf

lnlvt cg'/f]w u/]sf] k|df0f ;lxt lgj]bg lbPdf To:tf] sd{rf/LnfO{ o; P]g adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]

5}g .Ú

^@= ljefuLo ;hfo lbg] clwsf/L M -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ bkmf %( sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhd

;hfosf] cfb]z lbg] clwsf/ b]xfoadf]lhdsf clwsf/LnfO{ x'g]5 M

-s_ /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fL / ;f]eGbf dflysf] kbdf sfo{/t lghfdtL

sd{rf/LnfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/,

-v_ /fhkqf+lst låtLo / t[tLo >]0fLsf lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ lgh sfo{/t

lgsfosf] ljlzi6 >]0fLsf] clwsf/L,

-u_ /fhkq cg+lst lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ lgh sfo{/t sfof{nosf] ljefuLo

k|d'v jf /fhkqf+lst sfof{no k|d'v .

-@_ bkmf %( sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhd ;hfosf] cfb]z lbg] clwsf/L tf]lsPadf]lhd

x'g]5 .

^#= ljefuLo ;hfo lbg] clwsf/ ;'Dkg ;Sg] M g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg

u/L bkmf ^@ adf]lhd ;hfosf] cfb]z lbg] s'g} clwsf/Lsf] clwsf/nfO{ ;f]xL ;"rgfdf

tf]lsPsf] clwsf/Ln] tf]lsPsf] cjlw;Ddsf] nflu k|of]u ug{ kfpg] u/L ;'Dkg ;Sg]5 .





60

^$= lgnDag ug]{M -!_ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] ;DaGwdf bkmf ^! df n]lvPsf] s'g} cleof]usf]

hfFra'em ug'{k/]df hfFra'em ;dfKt gx'Gh]n;Dd pQm sd{rf/LnfO{ ;hfosf] cfb]z lbg

kfpg] clwsf/Ln] lgnDag ug{ ;Sg]5 .

t/ b]xfosf] cj:yf geO{ ;fwf/0ftof lgnDag ul/g] 5}gM–

-s_ lgnDag gu/L cf]xbfsf] sfd ug{ lb+bf em'¶f ;a"t k|df0f ;+sng ug{

;Sg] jf cfkm\gf] lj?4sf] ;a"t k|df0f ufoa ug{ ;Sg] ;Defjgf

b]lvPdf jf

-v_ lgnDag gu/L cf]xbfsf] sfd ug{ lb+bf ;/sf/L xflg gf]S;fgL x'g]

;Defjgf b]lvPdf .

-@_ lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ ;]jfaf6 x6fpg] jf a/vf:t ug]{ cleof]usf] ;"rgf

lbg'sf] ;fy} lghnfO{ ;hfosf] cfb]z lbg kfpg] clwsf/Ln] lgnDag;d]t ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ lgnDag ubf{ ;fwf/0ftM b'O{

dlxgfeGbf a9L ug'{ x'Fb}g . ;f] cjlwleq} sd{rf/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL lsgf/f nufpg'kg]{ 5 .

s'g} c;fwf/0f cj:yf k/L pQm cjlwleq sf/afxL lsgf/f nufpg g;lsg] eO{ lgnDagsf]

cjlw a9fpg'k/]df clVtof/jfnfsf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ Ps dlxgf;Dd lgnDagsf] cjlw

a9fpg ;lsg]5 .

-$_ g}lts ktg b]lvg] kmf}hbf/L cleof]udf lu/km\tf/ eO{ y'lgPsf] lghfdtL

sd{rf/L To;/L y'lgPsf] cjlwe/ :jtM lgnDag ePsf] dflgg]5 .

^%= lgnDagsf] ;dflKtM s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/L cfkm\gf] kbdf k'gM :yflkt ePdf jf bkmf ^$

sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw k"/f ePdf jf ;]jfaf6 x6fOPdf jf a/vf:t ul/Pdf

lghsf] lgnDag ;dfKt x'g]5 .

^^= ;kmfO k]z ug]{ df}sf lbg'kg]{M -!_ ljefuLo ;hfo lbg kfpg] clwsf/Ln] s'g} lghfdtL

sd{rf/LnfO{ ;hfo lbg] cfb]z lbg'eGbf cl3 sf/afxL ug{ nfluPsf] sf/0fsf] pNn]v u/L

;f] sd{rf/LnfO{ plrt Dofb lbO{ cfkm\gf] ;kmfO k]z ug]{ df}sf lbg'kg]{ 5 . o;/L df}sf lb+bf

lghdfly nufOPsf] cf/f]k :ki6 ¿kn] lsl6Psf] / k|To]s cf/f]k s'g–s'g s'/f / sf/0fdf

cfwfl/t 5 ;f] ;d]t v'nfpg'kg]{ 5 . To:tf]df ;DalGwt sd{rf/Ln] klg Dofbleq cfkm\gf]

;kmfO k]z ug'{kg]{ 5 / o;/L k]z x'g cfPsf] ;kmfOnfO{ ;DalGwt clwsf/Ln] uDeL/tfk"j{s

dgg ug'{kg]{ 5 .



61

-@_ ljefuLo ;hfosf] cfb]z lbg kfpg] clwsf/Ln] cfjZos 7fg]df :jo+ jf s'g}

cGo clws[tåf/f hfFra'em u/fpg ;Sg]5 . hfFra'em ug]{ clws[tn] tf]lsPsf] sfo{ljlwsf]

kfng ug'{kg]{ 5 .

^&= ljz]if ;hfosf] cfb]z lbg'eGbf klxn] ;hfo k|:tfj ug'{kg]{M ljz]if ;hfosf] cfb]z lbg'eGbf

klxn] ljefuLo ;hfosf] cfb]z lbg kfpg] clwsf/Ln] bkmf ^^ adf]lhd ;kmfO k]z ug{

lbOPsf] Dofbleq ;kmfO k]z gu/]df jf k]z x'g cfPsf] ;kmfO ;Gtf]ifhgs gePdf To:tf]

lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ lbg nfluPsf] k|:tfljt ;hfo lsg glbg' egL To; ;DaGwdf plrt

Dofb lbO{ :ki6Ls/0f dfUg'kg]{ 5 .

^*= nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] k/fdz{ lng'kg]{M ljefuLo ;hfosf] sf/afxLsf] l;nl;nfdf ;DalGwt

lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] bkmf ^^ adf]lhd lbPsf] ;kmfO jf bkmf ^& adf]lhd lbPsf] :ki6Ls/0f

;Gtf]ifhgs geO{ To:tf] sd{rf/LnfO{ ;hfo ug'{kg]{ b]lvPdf ljefuLo ;hfosf] cfb]z lbg

kfpg] clwsf/Ln] ;f] sd{rf/LnfO{ lbg nfluPsf] ;hfo k|:tfj u/L nf]s;]jf cfof]usf]

k/fdz{ lng'kg]{ 5 .

^(= ============

&)= lg0f{odf c;/ gkg]{M s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] ;DaGwdf of] P]g jf o; P]gcGtu{t ag]sf

lgodx¿adf]lhd clVtof/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] u/]sf] sf/afxLdf tflTjs c;/ gkg]{ ;fgf]

ltgf] q'l6af6 lg0f{odf c;/ kg]{ 5}g .

kl/R5]b– !)

ljljw

&!= lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] kfpg] labfM lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx¿n] b]xfosf labfx¿ tf]lsPadf]lhd

kfpg] 5g\M–

-s_ e}k/L cfpg] / kj{ labf,

-v_ 3/ labf,

-u_ la/fdL labf

-3_ k|;"lt labf,

-3!_ k|;"lt :ofxf/ labf

-ª_ lsl/of labf,

-r_ cWoog labf,

-5_ c;fwf/0f labf

k|zf;sLo cbfnt P]g, @)&^ åf/f vf/]h ul/Psf] .


62

&!s= a]tnaL labf M -!_ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] klt jf kTgL ljb]zl:yt g]kfnL /fhb"tfjf; jf

s'g} lgof]udf vl6O{ uPdf To:tf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] tf]lsPadf]lhd a]tnaL labf

kfpg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] labfsf] cjlw lghsf] ;]jf cjlwdf u0fgf ul/g] 5}g .

&!v= ;~ro sf]if / aLdf afx]s cGo s'g} ;'ljwf gkfpg]M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f

n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bkmf ^! sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd ;]jfaf6 avf{:t ePsf] lghfdtL

sd{rf/Ln] bkmf #! adf]lhdsf] sd{rf/L ;~ro sf]ifsf] /sd / bkmf $)s= adf]lhdsf]

aLdf afx]s o; P]g adf]lhdsf] cGo s'g} klg ;'ljwf kfpg] 5}g .

-@_ bkmf ^!v= sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] laa/0faf6 s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf]

;uf]nsf] klt jf kTgLn] :yfoL cfjf;Lo cg'dlt k|fKt u/]sf] b]lvPdf :yfoL cfjf;Lo

cg'dlt lnPsf] To:tf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf] klt jf kTgLn] bkmf #! adf]lhdsf] sd{rf/L

;~ro sf]ifsf] /sd / bkmf $)s= adf]lhdsf] jLdf afx]s o; P]g adf]lhdsf] cGo s'g}

klg ;'ljwf kfpg] 5}g .

&@= clwsf/ k|Tofof]hgM -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] o; P]gadf]lhd cfkm"nfO{ k|fKt clwsf/x¿ g]kfn

/fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L ;f]xL ;"rgfdf tf]lsPsf] lghfdtL sd{rf/L jf clwsf/Ln]

k|of]u ug{ kfpg] u/L k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

t/ P]gadf]lhd k|fKt clwsf/x¿ o; P]gafx]s cGo P]gaf6 k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;lsg]

5}g .

-@_ o; P]gadf]lhd s'g} clwsf/LnfO{ k|fKt clwsf/ cfkm\gf] ;fdfGo /]vb]vdf /xL

k|of]u ug]{ u/L lghn] cfkm"d'lgsf lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

&@s= Joj:yfkg k/LIf0fM nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] sfo{If]qleqsf ljifox¿ afx]s ;fdfGo k|zf;g

dGqfnon] g]kfn ;/sf/sf ljleGg lgsfox¿df sfo{/t lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] k|rlnt sfg"g

tyf cGo k|zf;sLo lgod / sfo{ljlwx¿ kfng u/] gu/]sf] ;DaGwdf ;'kl/j]If0f, cg'udg

/ d"Nof+sg u/L lgb]{zg lbg / To;/L ;'kl/j]If0f ubf{ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/Lpk/ ljefuLo

sf/afxL ug'{kg]{ b]lvPdf ;f] ;d]t l;kmfl/; ug{ ;Sg]5 / ;f]sf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg g]kfn

;/sf/;dIf k]z ug]{5 .

&#= lghfdtL ;]jfdf k'gM sfod ePdf tna / eQf kfpg]M -!_ s'g} lghfdtL sd{rf/LnfO{

lghfdtL ;]jfaf6 cjsfz lbg], x6fpg] jf avf{:t ug]{ u/L ePsf] cfb]z cbfntaf6 /2

rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk . bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .




63

eO{ lgh lghfdtL ;]jfdf k'gM sfod ePdf To:tf] sd{rf/Ln] lghfdtL ;]jfaf6 cjsfz

lbOPsf], x6fOPsf] jf avf{:t ul/Psf] ldltb]lv lghfdtL ;]jfdf k'gM sfod ePsf]

ldlt;Ddsf] tna, eQf rf8kj{ vr{ / tna j[l4 kfpg] eP ;f] ;d]t kfpg]5 .

-@_ ;Djt\ @)%) ;fn h]7 $ ut] cl3 lghfdtL ;]jfaf6 cjsfz lbOPsf],

x6fOPsf] jf avf{:t ul/Psf] lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] ;f] ldlt kZrft\ ePsf] cbfntsf]

cfb]zåf/f lghfdtL ;]jfdf k'gM sfod ePdf To:tf] sd{rf/Ln] klg pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd

tna, eQf / tna j[l4 kfpg]5 .

&#s= lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx¿sf] kL/dsf{, u'gf;f] / ;'g'jfOsf] Joj:yf M -!_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] o;

P]g jf k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd cGoq ph'/L jf k'g/fj]bg ug{ kfpg] Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s

of] P]g / o; P]gcGtu{t ag]sf] lgodadf]lhd k|bfg ul/Psf ;]jf, ;t{, ;'ljwf /

sd{rf/L;Fu ;/f]sf/ /fVg] s'g} klg ljifodf cfkm"nfO{ dsf{ k/]sf] 5 eGg] nfu]df jf ;f]

;DaGwdf ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpFbf klg sf/afxL gePdf lghn] cfkm"nfO{

k/]sf] kL/dsf{ tyf u'gf;f] tf]lsPsf] lgsfo;dIf tf]lsPadf]lhd /fVg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx¿sf] kL/dsf{, u'gf;f] / ;'g'jfO;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf


&#v= sd{rf/L sNof0f sf]ifsf] :yfkgf / ;~rfng M -!_ lghfdtL ;]jfsf axfnjfnf sd{rf/L,

cjsfz k|fKt JolQm / lghsf] kl/jf/sf] ;b:osf] sNof0fsf] nflu tf]lsPadf]lhdsf]

sNof0fsf/L sf]if :yfkgf ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd :yflkt sf]ifsf] ;~rfng tyf Joj:yfkg tf]lsPadf]lhd

x'g]5 .

&#u= /fhk|f;fb ;]jfsf sd{rf/L;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ of] P]g k|f/De x'FFbfsf avt /fhk|f;fb

;]jfdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx¿sf] k|zf;g / Joj:yfkg 5'§} lgodfjnLåf/f ul/g]5 .

-@_ /fhk|f;fb ;]jf P]g, @)@( / ;f] cGtu{t ag]sf lgodx¿ vf/]h ul/Psf 5g\ .

&$= a/a'emf/y ug'{kg]{M s'g} klg lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfkm"n] a'emfpg'kg]{ gubL, lhG;L jf

sfuhft tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq ;DalGwt sd{rf/LnfO{ a'emfO{ lbg'kg]{ 5 / a'‰g'kg]{n] klg ;f]xL

Dofbleq a'emL lng'kg]{ 5 .

&%= lgod agfpg] clwsf/M o; P]gsf] p2]Zo sfof{Gjog ug{sf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;a}

lghfdtL ;]jfx¿df ;fdfGo ¿kn] nfu" x'g] jf a]Unfa]Un} ;]jf jf ;d"xsf] nflu k[ys ¿kn]

nfu" x'g] lgodx¿ agfpg ;Sg]5 .

&^= vf/]hL / arfpM -!_ g]kfn lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)!# vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .

-@_ g]kfn lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)!# / ;f] P]gcGtu{t ag]sf lgodx¿adf]lhd

ul/Psf sfd sf/afxLx¿ o;} P]gadf]lhd eP u/]sf dflgg] 5g\ .



64

b|i6JoM != s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# åf/f ¿kfGt/ ePsf zAbx¿M–

æ>L % sf] ;/sf/Æ eGg] zAbsf] ;§f æg]kfn ;/sf/Æ .

@= lghfdtL ;]jf -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)^$ sf] bkmf ^$ / ^% b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf 5g\ M

^$= ;]jfdf :jtM kl/0ft ePsf] dflgg] M of] P]g k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt n]vfk/LIf0f P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf (

adf]lhd dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] ljefudf sfod /x]sf sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jf / To:tf] ;]jfdf axfn /x]sf

clws[t / sd{rf/Lx? bkmf # sf] v08 -ª!_ adf]lhdsf] ;]jfdf :jtM kl/0ft ePsf] / To:tf] clws[t /

sd{rf/Lx? ;dfg >]0fLsf] kbdf :jtM kl/0ft ePsf] dflgg]5 .

^%= vf/]hL / arfp M -!_ n]vfk/LIf0f P]g @)$* sf] bkmf ( vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .

-@_ ;j+t\ @)^# ;fn cfiff9 !& ut]kl5 of] P]g k|f/De ePsf] cl3Nnf] lbg;Dd eP u/]sf] sfd

sf/afxL o;} P]g adf]lhd eP u/]sf dflgg]5 .

-#_ sfo{Ifdtf d"NofÍgåf/f x'g] a9'jf ;DaGwL P]gsf] Joj:yf k|f/De geP;Ddsf nflu ;+jt\

@)^@ ;fn cfiff9 #) ut]eGbf cl3 sfod /x]sf k|rlnt Joj:yf nfu" x'g]5 .

#= s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&@ åf/f ¿kfGt/ ePsf zAbx¿M–

æsfg"g, Gofo, ;+ljwfg;ef tyf ;+;bLo dfldnf dGqfnoÆ sf] ;§f æsfg"g, Gofo, tyf ;+;bLo dfldnf

dGqfnoÆ .

lghfdtl ;]jf p]g, @)$( · 3 -@_ of] p]g jf o; p]gcgtu{t ag]sf] lgoddf pnn]v epb]lv afx]s lghfdtl...

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