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that bougies should only be employed by experts. The Ichapter on acute inflammation of the middle ear containsquite a full account of the subject. Chronic middle-ear

suppuration, together with its complications and sequelas, isvery fully described. The remaining chapters deal withdiseases of the internal ear, specific diseases of the ear,

deaf-mutism, and allied diseases of the nose and naso-

pharynx, and are quite up to the standard of the rest of thebook.

We consider that this work is one well adapted to supplythe needs of the student and as a handbook of referencefor the general practitioner.

LIBRARY TABLE.

Text- book of Organic Chemistry for Medical Students. ByDr. G. von BUNGE, Professor of Physiological Chemistry inthe University of Basle. Translated, with Additions, byR. H. ADERS PLIMMER, D.Sc. Lond. London : Longmans,Green, and Co. 1907. Pp. 260. Price 6s. net.-Professor

Bange’s well-known faculty of presenting the principles andfacts of chemistry in general, and of organic chemistry inparticular, in a clear light has always gained for him a largecircle of readers. Moreover, his experience in his positionof professor of physiological chemistry in the Universityof Basle has brought him into contact with the needs ofmedical students in regard to that knowledge which is mostuseful to them in connexion with their particular study.There can be no doubt, as he says, that the domain of

organic chemistry has been widened to such an enormousextent by the increasing labours of the last decades thatthose who devote their life to the study of organic chemistrycan no longer be masters of the whole subject. If that be soit is obvious that the position of the medical student in regardto making a sound acquaintance with the facts and principlesof organic chemistry grows increasingly difficult year by year.Yet he is necessarily compelled to acquire some knowledge, asotherwise his study of physiology, pathology, and so forthwill be beset with obstacles. The fact is that he has to pickout for himself those portions of the science which bear moreintimately on his medical studies. The purpose of this

volume, in short, is to save him the labour of consultingvoluminous works on the subject and to bring him intocontact with just those points which concern him most as astudent of medicine. In these days of rapid advances thiscrystallising process is obviously difficult, but in thehands of such an experienced teacher as Professor Bungea groundwork at any rate is laid which is sufficient forthe purpose in view, while,of course the student if heshould demand more can afterwards devote himself tomore comprehensive works onj the subject. We can

congratulate the student who starts the strictly medicalside of his studies with such an excellent knowledgeof principles and facts as is outlined in this readabletreatise. He further will appreciate the fact that the trans-lator has made several additions which were introduced tomeet the extra requirements of the English curriculum ascompared with the German. As a companion to physiologicaland pathological study the book will be found most

useful.

JOURNALS AND MAGAZINES.

Jnicrnal of Physiology. Edited by J. N. LANGLEY,Sc.D., F.R.S. Vol. XXXVI., Nos. 4 and 5. Dec. 31st, 1907.London: C. F. Clay. Price 10s.-The following are the

contents of the two numbers of this journal. 1. F. S. Lockeand 0. Rosenheim : Contributions to the Physiology of theIsolated Heart : the Consumption of Dextrose by Mam-malian Cardiac Muscle. 2. W. M. Bayliss: Researches onthe Nature of Enzyme Action on the Causes of the Risein Electrical Conductivity under the Action of Trypsin.

3. Lucas Keith : On the Rate of Variation of the ExcitingCurrent as a Factor in Electric Excitation. 4. J. Barcroftand G. R. Mines : The Effect of Hirudin upon the Gases inArterial Blood. 5. A. E. Boycott and G. C. C. Damant: ANote on the Quantities of Marsh Gas, Hydrogen, and CarbonDioxide produced in the Alimentary Canal of Goats. 6. John

Mellanby: The Precipitation of the Proteins of Horse Serum.7. Keith Lucas and G. R. Mines : Temperature and Excit-ability. 8. J. N. Langley : On the Contraction of MuscleChiefly in Relation to the Presence of Receptive Substances.Part 1.

The Quarterly Journal of Mioroscopical Science. Edited bySir E. RAY LANKESTER, K.C.B., F.R.S., with the cooperationof ADAM SEDGWICK, M.A., F.R.S., SYDNEY J. HICKSON,M.A., F.R.S., and E. A. MINCHIN, M.A. With lithographicplates and text figures. New Series, No. 205. Vol. LIL,Part 1. London : J. and A. Chnrchill. Price 10s. net.-Thecontents of this part of the journal are : 1. Spiroobseta (Try-panosoma) Balbiani (Certes) and Spirochseta Anodontse (Keys-selitz) ; their Movements, Structure, and Affinities, by H. B.Fantham, B.Sc. Lond., Derby Research Scholar, UniversityCollege, London, with three plates and 11 text figures. 2.

The Structure and Life-History of Copromonas Subtilis, nov.gen. et nov. spec. ; a contribution to our knowledge of theFlagellata, by C. Clifford Dobell, B.A., Scholar of TrinityCollege, Cambridge, with two plates and three text figures.3. Notes on some Parasitic Protists, by C. Clifford Dobell,with a plate. 4. Studies in Spicule Formation : VIII., SomeObservations on the Soleroblastic Development of Hexa-

clinellid and other Siliceous Sponge Spicules, by W. Wood-land, the Zoological Laboratory, King’s College, London, witha plate. Mr. Fantham’s memoir on the spirochseta Balbianiand spirochseta anodontse is of great interest. It contains a

good historical introduction. The specimens were obtainedfrom English oysters, in which they occupy in particular thecrystalline style and adjoining parts, few being found in theposterior part of the intestine or in the rectum. A percent. solution of methylene blue was found to be a usefulintra vitam stain. The gut contents-were fixed as quickly aspossible and while still wet with osmic vapour. Of thevarious stains tried on fixed material the most successfulresults were obtained with alcoholic gentian violet, iron-alum hasmatoxylin, and other hasmatoxylin solutions. The

length of the spirochasta Balbiani is from 150}L to

50}L and it is 3 tc to 2}L in breadth. It is composed of

homogeneous protoplasm and a nucleoid composed ofabout 60 rodlets of chroniatin disposed transversely alongthe body at nearly equal distances. Attached to the body ofthe animal is an organella or spirally wound membrane,which is longitudinally striated and executes undulatingmovements with great speed. The movement of the organismas a whole is in jerks and partly results from a spiralthrusting motion due to the membrane and partly to an

undulatory flexion of the body due to contractions of

myonema fibrils of the periplast. Various forms of move-ment are described. The animals live by endosmosis. A

very carafully drawn up account of the changes observed inthe nucleus in division is given. The drawings which accom-pany the memoir are very interesting and show how muchmay be. learned of the structure of extremely minute

organisms. Mr. Dobell’s article on Copromonas Subtilis isalso full of interest and is well illustrated.

J01t’l’nal of Anatomy and Physiology. Conducted by SirWM. TURNER, K.C.B., ALEX. MACALISTER, D. J. CUNNING-HAM, ARTHUR THOMSON, and ARTHUR KEITH. Vol. XLIL,Third Series. Vol. III., Part 2. London : Charles Griffin andCo. January, 1908.-It was intended that this part shouldbe the first of a journal of physiology published separatelyfrom a journal of anatomy but it has been found to be im-practicable to break up the well-known JO’wrnal (If Anatomy