light-detection-and-ranging(lidar)
Post on 11-Sep-2014
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TRANSCRIPT
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LIDAR(Light Detection& Ranging)
BY: p.sandeepkumar 092m1a04a1
BRANCH-ECE
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INTRODUCTION
What is LIDAR ?Remote sensing technologyUses much shorter wavelength of EM
spectrumMeasures properties of scattered light Measures time delay between transmitted
and reflected signalsHighly sensitive to aerosols and cloud
particles
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In RADAR, radio waves are transmitted into the atmosphere, which scatters some of the power back to the Rader’s receiver.
A LIDAR also transmits & receives electro-magnetic radiation and operate in the ultraviolet, visible and infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The LIDAR is also popularly known as LASER RADAR.
A LIDAR basically consists of a transmitter, receiver & detector
BASIC PRINCIPLE OF LIDAR
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LIDAR uses much shorter wavelength of UV, visible and near IR range
LIDAR is highly sensitive to non-metallic objects
LIDAR has very narrow beam which produces high resolution
This makes LIDAR a better choice for studying weather patterns using small technology, which is especially useful for studying distant atmospheres through satellites orbiting around other planets.
LIDAR vs. RADAR
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based on backscattering :- Rayleigh LIDAR Mie LIDAR Raman LIDAR
Other types:- Coherent LIDAR(phase sensitive) Incoherent LIDAR(amplitude
measurement)
LIDAR TYPES
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Integration Of three technologies to produce Digital Elevation Models(DEM)
They are:- Lasers Global Positioning System(GPS) Inertial Navigation System(INS)
TECHNOLOGIES USED
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Laser produces optical pulsePulse is transmitted , reflected and returned to
the receiverReceivers accurately measures the travel timeX,Y,Z ground coordinates can be calculated
using :- Laser range Laser scan angle Laser Position from GPS Laser orientation from INS
WORKING
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LIDAR TECHNOLOGY
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Laser: 600-1000nm lasers used for non-scientific
application Inexpensive Easily absorbed by eye
1500nm lasers less advanced, longer range , lower
accuracy Eye safe at much higher power level Used in military application
COMPONENTS
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ScannerUsed to scan the objects , azimuth and
elevationUses :-
Dual oscillating plane mirror Dual axis scanner
Optics They affect angular resolution and range To Collect return signal it uses :-
Hole mirror Beam splitter
Contd…..
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Photo detector and receiver electronic Solid state photo detectors Silicon avalanche photodiodes
Position and navigation systems Global Positioning System receiver Inertial Measurement Unit(IMU)
Contd…..
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LIDAR-equipped mobile robot Used for constructing map
APPLICATIONS
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Meteorology and Atmospheric EnvironmentUsed for studies of atmospherics conditions ,
structures , clouds and aerosols.Used for measurement of atm. gasMeasures wind speed
Contd….
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PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMYMeasure the distance to reflectors placed on
the moonUsed in Mars-Orbiting Satellite to produce
precise global topographic survey of MarsUsed to detect snow in Mars atmosphereUsed to measure molecular density
Contd….
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MILITARY AND LAW ENFORCEMENTUsed in traffic speed enforcement for vehicle
speed measurementUses the principle of time of flight to
calculate speedAble to find the vehicle speed from cluster
traffic situationHigher resolution system collect detail to
identify targets (tanks)
Contd….
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CAPTURE OF ELEVATION POINTS
Collects only elevation dataGPS antenna is mounted on upper fuselageGPS sensors records the dataData are downloaded and processedX,Y,Z coordinates are found
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FLOOD RISK MAPPINGQuickest and most accurate method to
measure DEMEasy flood prediction and plan mitigation and
remediation strategies
OTHER APPLICATIONS
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OIL & GAS EXPLORATION SURVEYSProvide high speed data acquisition and limit
ground interventionDone using either a fixed wing or helicopter
mounted LIDAR system
Contd….
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ENGINEERING/CONSTRUCTION SURVEYUsing DEM cut and fill quantities can be more
precisely estimated Time delay between data acquisition and
delivery is very lessAir bourn LIDAR provide a cost effective and
quick surveys for real estate development
Contd….
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TRANSMISSION LINE MAPPINGCalculating power line heights or sag under
different loads Inventory Tower Placement Height of underlying vegetation
Contd….
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Large information bandwidth and extremely high angular resolution possibilities are some of the advantages of LIDARs
low efficiencies and atmospheric propagation limitations are some of the disadvantages
ADVANTAGES&DISADVATAGES
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It has allowed data to be collected that was difficult or impossible to obtain prior to its introduction.
Data collection and its processing is relatively fast
LIDAR saves clients moneyLIDAR offers flexibilityLIDAR is unobtrusive and environmentally
friendly
CONCLUSION
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www.wikipedia.orgwww.lidar.comwww.ambercore.comwww.gisdevelopment.netwww.lidarmap.orgwww.velodyne.com/lidar/
REFERENCES
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THANK YOU