Lighting PagetteUpdate

By: Noah HorowitzSr. ScientistNatural Resources Defense Councilnhorowitz@nrdc.orgNovember 2005

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Overview

• Why a separate group on lighting? (Bulbette rhymes with PAG-ette and baguette!)

• Quick overview of lighting landscape and key developments in CA and US

• What the group plans to focus on

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NRDC’s Vision of Pagette

• Not here to micromanage utility programs

• Ensure:– share new ideas/opportunities– all key stakeholders in the state are informed

of the other’s goals and activities– we are as effective as possible in gaining

short term savings while simultaneously laying the foundation for long term savings

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Ideal Outcome

• Have overall Lighting Roadmap

• All “components” working together in alignment:– Utility programs– 3rd party programs– PIER research; ET projects– Future Codes & standards (Title 20, 24)– M&V – market assessment, field studies– California Lighting Technology Center– With national efforts – CEE, ENERGY STAR, PNNL,

LRC, etc.

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Residential Snapshot

• Per recent CA study by RLW Analytics (2005)– 23 fixtures and 41 lamps per home– 11% of fixtures have 1 or more CFLs (up from just 1%

in 2000)– 57% of all homes have 1 or more CFLs (up from 12%

in 2000)

• Moving from “get them to try the new and improved bulbs” to “keep coming back for more”(replace current ones and put them in other sockets)

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Why Lighting?

• Lighting represents a large slice of statewide electricity use– 15% residential

– 30% commercial

• Biggest part of IOU program budgets and projected kWh savings are lighting related

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Observation

• Focus has been:a) Tactical - What are we going to deliver this year and

next? Should the rebate be $2 or $3 per CFL?vs.

b) Strategic - What are we trying to accomplish/where do we want to be? (And then, how do we get there?

We need to do both.

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Scope

• Focus on residential and small commercial for now. (Include hotels, dorms, multi-family, restaurants, etc.) Retrofit and new construction.

• Form large commercial group if sufficient interest (recognize different fixture types and applications, players including ESCOs, developers, maintenance staff, etc.)

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Screw-Based CFL Quality

• Due in large part to the third-party off-the-shelf testing program, called PEARL, ENERGY STAR-labeled CFL quality improving:– Bare bulb doing very well– Poor performance seen by covered lamps

(globes, covered A-lamps and reflectors)– DOE about to delist roughly half of all listed

reflector models

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Percentage of Compliance with Energy Star Spec for All "Bare Bulb" CFLs tested in PEARL* (Categorized by Cycles)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

% Passed % Passed % Passed % Passed

Efficacy (lm/W) 1000-hour Lumen Maintenance

40%-life Lumen Maintenance

Rapid Cycle Stress Test

Parameters

Perc

enta

ge Cycle1

Cycle2

Cycle3

Cycle4

Cycle5

Cycle6

* 40%-life Lumen Maintenance does not include all Cycle 6 CFLs yet

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Percentage of Compliance with Energy Star Spec for All CFLs tested in PEARL*(Categorized by CFL bulb type)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

% Passed % Passed % Passed % Passed

Efficacy (lm/W) 1000-hour Lumen Maintenance

40%-life Lumen Maintenance

Rapid Cycle Stress Test

Parameters

Perc

enta

ge

Bare lamp

Covered lamp

Reflector lamp

* 40%-life Lumen Maintenance does not include Cycle 6 CFLs yet

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More on PEARL

• CA utilities have provided generous financial support for PEARL

• Moving to sustainable model for testing – Funded by industry– “Pay to play” – hardwired into ENERGY STAR

partner agreement

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Recent Developments - CFLs

• ENERGY STAR CFLs

• Specification currently being revised• New specification will likely include:

• Third party off the shelf testing a la PEARL funded by industry

• Tighter efficacy levels for bare bulbs• Faster run-up time (1 minute instead of 3)• In-situ test reqt. for reflector lamps• Mercury limit (not in current draft)

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Recent Code Changes I

A. Code changes – Title 24 (effective 10/05)• Increases demand for efficient kitchen

fixtures, in particular air-tight recessed cans• Lots of controls (manual on/auto off) and

dimmers will be installed• E-Star porch lights• E-Star fixtures (bathroom, bedroom, etc.) will

be used by some builders

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Recent Code Changes II

B. Title 20 Code Change • Torchiere limit (190W)• Efficacy standards for various screw-based lamp

types• Incandescent standards (two tiers)

C. Federal Energy Bill • All CFLs must meet key elements of 2001 ENERGY

STAR specification(Illegal to sell non-complying models beginning in 2006!)

• Ceiling Fans – must include ES screw-based CFLs, or be an ES fixture, or may not exceed X W total

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Incandescent Standard I

• CEC to establish two-tiered efficacy standard for general service lamps (the “incandescent”)

• Roughly 100 million incandescent sold/yr in CA. Small per bulb savings x lots of bulbs = BIG kWh/yr and MW savings

• Tier 2 proposal:– 3-5 W savings per lamp– >400 GWh/yr savings– Effective around 1/1/08 (might slip)

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Incandescent Standard II

• What role should utilities play to prepare the market for the standard?

• Communication/marketing challenges:– Super-efficient incandescent vs. CFL?

• Don’t want consumers to abandon CFLsfor slightly better incandescent– 15 W CFL still much better than 53 W

incandescent

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Recent Developments - Fixtures

• ENERGY STAR – Fixtures• Bans magnetic ballasts, except for HID

outdoor• Beginning to promote easily removable

ballasts• Moving industry to a single ballast/fixture

base assembly• Will allow self-ballasted pin-based lamps in

October.

GU24 Socket Background• Goal: a standard line-voltage

socket (the base of the pop out ballast where it connects to the 120V supply)

• Why: To address a barrier to ballast interchangeability and consumer adoption of energy-efficient products– As the market penetration of

replaceable electronic ballasts for ENERGY STAR® residential lighting fixtures increase, a standard line-voltage socket and a standard pin base on the replaceable ballasts becomes necessary

GU24 socket 3-D rendition

Self Ballasted Lamp• Similar to a screw-base compact

fluorescent, but rather than using a screw base the ballast connects to the GU24 socket with pins.

• Easy, one unit replacement when either the lamp or ballast fails – eliminates consumer “pin” confusion when purchasing replacement lamps.

• Because ballast and lamp are integral the overall length is shorter allowing better fit in variety of luminaires.

• Standardized for interchangeability between manufactures.

• Lower cost than two-piece lamp and ballast.

Ballast

GU24 Socket

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BIG PICTURE

• Need higher level roadmap to make sure:– Achieve savings targets for 2006, 2007, etc.

AND– Doing the things necessary to pull next generation of

products to market• Test methods• Benchmarking• Pilots• Bulk procurement• Incentives• New standards (Title 20, 24)

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Near Term I

1) Mercury:• Be part of dialogue and solution for:

• Minimize mercury content of CFLs(help achieve consensus test method)

• Be part of dialogue and solution for building lamp collection and recycling systems.

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Near Term II

2) Replacement Ballasts and Lamps• Continue to encourage easily replaceable

plug and play ballasts (like changing a AA battery) in new fixtures

• Ensure retail availability of replacement ballasts and lamps (expect increased demand due to Title 24-driven demand)

• Develop strategy around GU-24 (universal pin-based socket and connector)

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Near Term III

3) Solid State Lighting (“LED’s”)• Coming on fast

• Need to support development of appropriate metrics and test methods

• Initial applications expected for things like refrigerator case lighting, elevators, etc.

• Challenges: is it a lamp, a fixture, etc.?

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Near Term IV

4) Holiday “LED” Lighting• Good vehicle for high profile Christmas tree

lighting (state tree, city hall) events• Opportunity to link with themes of “save

energy, money and help protect the environment year-round” => BUY ENERGY STAR

• Could bundle – buy 2 sets of LED holiday lights get $______ off qualified E-STAR lighting products

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Near Term V

5) Continue to push for ongoing CFL and fixture quality• Participate in PEARL Cycle 7• Track and provide input on successor testing

program by DOE (CFLs) and EPA (fixtures)• Make ENERGY STAR know you depend on

consumers having a good experience with these products and are banking on them lasting and provided the projected savings.

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Near Term VI

6) Focus on key segments of CFL market:

• Dimmable

• 3-way

• High wattage (100 W and above) products

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Near Term VII

7) Data Collection:• Time to gather up-to-date time of use data

for residential lighting. Need comprehensive study that includes metering.

• Continue in-home studies like RLW fixture and bulb type count.

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Near Term VIII- The better incandescent

• Hold statewide strategy meeting• Reach out to other “leading states” – NEEA, NEEP, NY, etc. to have them join in potential regional bulk procurement/upstream rebates and similar standards

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Next Steps

• Follow-up meeting in December:– Bring experts from Energy Star

– Discuss mercury in greater depth

– Engage industry as appropriate

– Discuss CA priorities – evaluation, research at CLTC, etc.

• Begin to draft overall strategy piece

• Convene commercial building group?