lighting quality standards

7/24/2019 Lighting quality standards

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Lighting Quality Standards

Presented by Sheetanshu Agarwal


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LQS is a completely new set of rules for lighting industry

technology.It is split into six parts and over 20 objective ratingcriteria by which any lighting device or solution in theworld can be judged.

he LQS methodology is separated into six elements !

"rgonomics

"motion

"cology

"#ciency

"sprit

"xceptionality

LQS


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"rgonomics


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"rgonomics

he goal of ergonomics is to

"xamine the impact of light on the human eye $

Set up conditions that are comforting$

%educe stressful or dangerous situations that can becaused by adverse lighting conditions.


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If the sun was a bulb $ she would always be sold out

because we love her natural light and the way sherenders colors .

&%I'&olor %endering Index(


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he colour rendering index indicates how closely thecolour of an object matches its appearance under therelevant light source.

&%I is scaled from )*)00.

+atural outdoor lights has a &%I of )00.


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he higher the &%I '0*)00 scale ( $ the more naturalthe colors appear .



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o determine &%I $ ), de-ned test colours areilluminated under the reference light source '&%I )00( and then under the source being evaluated.


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%a / with reference to)00 'which is the &%I ofnatural Light Source(

%a is de-ned as 1verage %endering Index which is theaverage of the / colors from %) to %/

% means thatthis light Source does

not produce the samecolor as the referencein red


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Importance

Standard de-ned in "+ )2 343*)demand for &%I of at least /0 forliving places.

In industries specially in printing

presses higher &%I 50 is re6uiredwhere correct colour assessmentis vital.

%etail or in shop windows to

correctly show the colour of clothing.Inferior lights are to be used only incorridors 7 storage spaces.


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LQS Values:8ighest mar9s are awarded for &%I at or over0.

CRI LQSValue

50 ,/0*0 3

0*/0 :

40*0 2

30*40 )20*30 0


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;lare prevention

;lare is a visual sensationcaused by excessive anduncontrolled brightness.

Light sources with too high

luminance can cause glare. It ma9es reading a computer

screen or paper documentsmore taxing and di#cult.


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;lare prevention

=revention can be achieved by

).&orrect placement of luminaries!

he light from the luminaries shouldbe directed in such a way that lightre>ected from visible objects wouldnot be directed into the eyes of awor9er when he is in the wor9ing

position.


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;lare prevention

=revention can be achieved by

2. ?se large luminaries with low luminance. Surface-nishes that di@use and scatter light should be used

instead of glossy ones that create strong re>ections.

:. Luminaries with a butter>y*shapedluminosity curve is desired with

maximum luminosity in the angledparts of the curve.


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;lare prevention

UGR

he probability of psychological glare can be estimatedby the ?;%'?ni-ed ;lare %ating( method.

= 2

2

25.0log.8p

L

LUGR

b


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;lare prevention

LQS Values

he maximum allowed ?;% according to the "+ )2 343*)standard is ) for most activities.

echnical drawing demands )4.8igher ratings are allowed for less critical environments

such as reception '22( or archives '2,(.

Glare Prevention LQS Value

?;%D)4 ,

?;%D) 3

?;%D22 :

?;%D2, 2

?;%D2/ )


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Illumination level

he correct lighting should be able to conveyinformation necessary to carry out wor9 tas9s$ tomotivate$ to set positive mood or creative atmosphere.

"ye strain can be caused by improper illumination

level and by >ic9er of light. It leads to repeated errorsand tiredness.Such lighting failures produce

unwanted e@ects in retail areas andin every other environment where a

signi-cant number of people arepresent.


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Illumination level

Task Area

1ccording to "+ )2 343*) standard the minimum lux foro#ce wor9 is ,00 Lux 7 even ),00 lux in the tas9 of6uality control$ colour inspection$ painting$manufacturing precious stones.

echnical drawing demands high*6uality illuminationwith shadow*free wor9place.

1dditional luminaries are added to diminish the shadowe@ect.


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Illumination level

Task Area

he optimal solution is the luminaire isplaced towards the wor9ing surfaceslightly from the left of the employeeGsview.

his way the employees do not cast ashadow upon the des9 when they arewor9ing and also good visibility of thewor9ing toolHs spi9e or penGs nib is

ensured.


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Illumination level

Task Area

rom LQS point of view a lighting solution can eithercomply with the "+ )2 343*) standard or fail to do so.

Illumination level(taskarea)

LQS value

Jes ,

+o 0


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Illumination level

Surrounin! o" Task Area

1long with the &orrect illumination of tas9 area theimmediate surroundings have to be ta9en into account

Sudden illuminance drops immediately outside the test

area causes problem to see the objects outside whichcause strain 7 stress.

he "+ )2 343*) de-nes the surrounding as the bandat least half a meter wide


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Illumination level

Surrounin! o" Task Area

In this band the illuminance has to be at least 44 to ,percent of the tas9 area illuminance.

Illuminance on t#etask area

Illuminance onimmeiate

surrounin!

5,0 ,00

,00 :00

:00 200

200 ),0


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Lighting ?niformity

?niform lighting allows us to perceive the environmentcontinuously and without sudden brea9s caused bylighting level drops.

he uniformity on room surfaces can be expressed as

eIlluminancAverage

eIlluminancMinimumUniformity =

&loser to ) more is the ?niformityas9 area where technical drawing is the most

demanding$ re6uires a uniformity index of at least0..

Kther focus intensive tas9s demand a ratio of 0.4.


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Lighting ?niformity

?niformity depends on types of luminaries used $their spatial position and their number.

iew of classroom afterinstalling the lights

Simulation of lightinguniformity during the process

of designing the light indialux


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Lighting ?niformity

he "+ )2343*) standard re6uires certain tas9s to beprovided with a certain uniformity of lighting.

If it complies with the Standard$ LQS gives it , else 0.

Li!#tin! Uni"ormit$ LQS

Jes ,

+o 0

LQS Value


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8armonious distribution of brightness

Crightness is the only 6uantity to which the humaneye responds .

8armonious distribution of brightness a@ectssharpness of vision and enables the human eye toperceive the contrast.

o achieve an optimal distribution of brightnes$brighter color walls furniture are used .

Selection of luminares with directNindirect distributionof light becomes 9ey factor in harmonious distributionof brightness.

Direct luminousfow

Luminaire with direct as well asindirect luminous fow


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he"aces of the pupils and teachers can berecognised without any disturbing shadows.

his is possible with right level of vertical illumination.


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he current re6uirements from the standard"+O)2343*) re6uire the minimal illuminance level :00lux for the classrooms$ for the vertical surfaces ,0lux and for the ceiling :0 lux.

1ccording to LQS for the classroomspace it isrecommended to achieve the vertical illuminance ofthe wall surfaces :00 lux and the horiPontal ceilingilluminance :00 lux


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1ccording to "+ )2343*) LQS %ecommendation


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LQS Value

%armonious istri&ution o" &ri!#tness LQS Value

"m'wall(5),0lx with ?o50.:"m'ceiling(5,lxwith ?o50.:

,

"m'wall(5,lx with ?o50.:"m'ceiling(5,0lxwith ?o50.: 3

"m'wall(5,lx with ?o50.)"m'ceiling(5,0lxwith ?o50.)

:

"m'wall(5,0lx with ?o50.)"m'ceiling(5:0lxwith ?o50.)

2

"m'wall(5:0lx with ?o50.)"m'ceiling(5)0lxwith ?o50.)

)


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"motion


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1vailability of day light

he human 9ind spends much of the day in theinterior spaces.

Scienti-c research has shown that there is positiveimpact of natural light on the human visual and

psychological well*being$ their performance e#ciencyand the ability to concentrate.

he tas9 of the arti-cial light is to simulate the naturallight where it is not present.


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1vailability of day light

8uman eye reacts amiably to large continuous areasof light hitting the eye. he white coloured areashelps in re>ection of the light from white wall.

he lighting solution should utiliPe the re>ectionsfrom walls and especially from the ceiling the highestpossible extent.


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Clue light content

Scientists have discovered the new

photoreceptor which is susceptible toblue part of visible spectrum.

Clue light especially prominent duringthe daylight$ signaliPes to the bodythe very fact that it is day and notnight.

1bsence of the blue light in thespectrum can lead to reducedperformance e#ciency.

Its appropriate proportion in the lightspectrum of the arti-cial light sourcecan a@ect positively the psychologicalwell*being in the way help in stimulatetheir e#ciency during wor9ing hours.


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Eaylight Simulation

he daylight is the most natural type of light forpeople.

1rti-cial light should adapt to its properties as muchas possible by changing the intensity and the color

he a$li!#t simulationis implemented togetherwith the a$li!#t sensor

'a$li!#t sensor assesses the lighting intensity in theroom during the day and according to this it increases

or decreases the performance of the luminaires.


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Eaylight Simulation

GoodmorningCool, freshlight raises the

energy level ofstudentscoming intothe school andprovides agood start to

the day.

Lunch timeA short rest helpsthe students torecharge out

batteries. The lightlevel decreasesand the warm lightfacilitatesrelaxation.

Post-lunch dipAfter lunchstudents usuallyfeel sleepy. The

light level risesagain andchanges to coolwhite to counterthe post lunchdip.

Happy hourust before theend of the schoolday a change to

cooler white lightprovides analertness boostahead of the!ourney home.


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unable


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unable


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Ciological factor of illumination

iolo!ical "actor o"illumination

Availa&ilit$

LQSValues

1vailability of daylight +oNJes 0N)Clue light content +oNJes 0N)

Eaylight simulation +oNJes 0N)

unable white +oNJes 0N)

LQS Values


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Illumination of room surfaces

Lower values the illumination of the wall and especially

of the ceiling could ma9e an impression of too muchdar9ness.

It arouses a feeling of depression in the employees.In the o#ce space lighting the usual standards are set

up in the LG recommenation.his standards calls for

ta9ing into account forboth direct 7 indirectlight source 7 re>ectedlight

In this way we achieveoptical enlargement ofthe space whicheventually improves thecomfort of employees.


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Vertical Illumination

he vertical illumination which is based on the ability ofthe human eye to respond to the light falling from aboveplays an important role for the lighting of an o#ce

Cy choosing the luminaries which emphasis the verticalsurfaces we achieve optical brightening and enlargingthe space.

It enables the employees to recogniPe shapes and facesbetter.


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Ceilin! Illumination

The ceiling of a work space represents a large reflection area.

To make use of its potential, indirect luminaries can be used toilluminate the ceiling.

The reflected light creates an impression of homogeneity and it

most truthfully copies the properties of natural light.

According to LG7 the ceiling illuminance should achieve the amountof ! " of the value for hori#ontal illuminance of the working surface.

L$% places even heavier demands for the ceiling illuminance and

assesses the spaces with the ceiling illuminance of 7& l' with the score of& points.


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"ecessed luminaires with aparabolic louvre ensuressu#cient illumination of

the wor$place but theupper parts of the wallsand the ceiling remaindar$. %t causes a feeling ofa cave e&ect and ma$esthe room optically smaller.

The optimalsolution involvingtypes of the

luminaires whichare suspended,with both directand indirectcharacteristics ofthe luminous 'ux

distribution.

The new solution involvingthe latest types ofluminaires which are

recessed, with direct andindirect distribution of theluminous 'ux direct part othe luminous 'ux towardsthe ceiling. The roomseems optically larger with

the ceilings illuminated.


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"FKIK+1L LI;8I+;

his category includes two di@erent types of illumination

). 1mbient lighting A It gives the space overall mood andtone.

2. 1ccent lighting A "mphasise and draw attention to detail.

1mbient lighting 1ccent lighting


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"FKIK+1L LI;8I+;

The ambientillumination completes the overall atmosphere of thespace according to the customer(s vision and the interior designer(sas well.

The accentlighting directs the attention to the selected ob!ect andemphasises its exceptionality.


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"FKIK+1L LI;8I+;

Accent li!#tin! LQS Value

Jes ,

+o 0

Am&ient li!#tin! LQS Value

Jes ,

+o 0

LQS Values


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%;C color mixing


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%;C color mixing

Instead of ma9ing fre6uent and expensive modi-cations toa storeGs interior$ it is possible to change everything simplyusing light$ changing colours at the touch of a button


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%;C color mixing

LQS Values

RG colormi*in!

LQS Value

Jes ,+o 0


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"cology


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Latest Lamp echnology

L"E is more e@ective $ consumes less energy

"mits less heat

&ontains very low level of haPardous material

8igh in e#cacy'lmN


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Latest Lamp echnology

"#cacy of light sources !


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System e#ciency of luminaire

System e#cacy refers to the e@ectiveness of lighting-xture.

It means how wellit can direct the light whilstreducing losses on the surfaces of the optical

system to a minimum. ]W

lm[

luminaireofpowerInstalle

luminaireofoutput!umenefficiency"ystem =


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Light output %atio

LK% is the ratio of the light source output to thelighting -xture output

It shows how well the luminaire is designed and howmuch light is lost in its optical systems.

#00$%sourcelig&tofoutput!umen

luminaireofoutput!umen!'( =

he more e#cient materials are used higher the LK%.


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Light output %atio

LQS Values

S$stem e+cienc$ o"luminaire

LQS

R 5 /0 lmN< ,

R 5 0 lmN< 3R 5 4, lmN< :

R 5 ,, lmN< 2

R 5 30 lmN< )

R 5 :0 lmN< 0


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hermal output of lamp

1ll light sources emit a certain amount of I% radiation$energy that is lost as heat rather than being useful as light$

In incandescent bulb , of the energy consumed isemitted as heat$ and only , as light.

)*+Temperature of ob!ects-./C, Temperature ofair 0/C

1etal2halideTemperature of ob!ects3.4/C, Temperature ofair 0/C


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I% radiations a@ects food items specially fruit if 9ept over

2 days or more.

L"E0 hour

Fetal halide0 hour


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2 days or more.

L"E2 hours

Fetal halide2 hours


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2 days or more.

L"E4 hours

Fetal halide4 hours

h l f l


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T#ermal output o" lamp LQS value

D), proportion of I%radiation ,

D24 proportion of I%radiation

3

D2/ proportion of I%radiation

:

D:) proportion of I%radiation

2

D40 proportion of I%radiation

)

540 proportion of I%

radiation

0

LQS alue

E i l


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Eangerous material content

Kther light sources have mercurywhich is a heavy metal of highintoxicity

%is9 arises when a lamp is bro9enduring handling$ or disposed of

inappropriately then it releasesvapours into the air or materialinto the soil.


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Eangerous material content

'an!erous materialContent

LQS value

Fercury content 0mg ,Fercury content

D0.,mg3

Fercury contentD).,mg

:

Fercury contentD2.3mg 2

Fercury content D,mg )

Fercury content 5,mg 0

LQS Values

= d t Lif ti d i t t


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=roduct Lifetime and maintenance costs

he main reason why people switched from using incandescent

bulbs to >uorescent lamps is their lifetime')0$000 hours( Cut >uorescent light sources wear o@ rapidly when they are

fre6uently switched on and o@.



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he main reason why people switched from using incandescent

bulbs to >uorescent lamps is their lifetime')0$000 hours( Cut >uorescent light sources wear o@ rapidly when they are

fre6uently switched on and [email protected]"Es standardly have a lifetime of ,0$000 hours$ if a lighting

-xture is used )2 hours per day$ seven days per wee9 the

light source will function for more than )) years.his is bene-cial as lamp replacement is costly in terms of the

material$ personnel$ time and e6uipment needed.



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Prouct li"e time LQSValues

5,0000 hours ,

523000 hours 3

5)000 hours :

5)2000 hours 2

5)0000 hours )

52000 hours 0


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"#ciency

=resence detector


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=resence detector

It allows the luminaires to be switched on only whensomebody appears in the space.

It is automatic control e6uipped with a sensor respondingto the heat of the moving persons in the detection area.

he presence detector can beused both in the indoor and outdoorapplications with di@erent sensitivityand mounting height.

=resence detector


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=resence detector

%f there isnobody at themoment in the

o#ce or anothero#ce space, thepresencedetectorswitches o& thelighting

5hen an employeeenters the room,the presence

detector respondsto the infraredradiation which thehuman body emitsand switches onthe lighting.

The presence detector can bead!usted in such a way that thelighting will not switch o& in a

vacant room immediately afterthe last person leaves it, butgradually

=resence detector


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=resence detector

Presence etector LQS values

Jes )

+o 0

&onstant illuminance sensor


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he tas9 of this sensor in the o#ce spaces is to ensure

constant illuminance independently of the state of theluminaires in the lighting system.

or the sensor to be able to ful-l its function it is necessary tocount on its installation already during the design phase of thelighting system which has to be over*dimensioned from the

very beginning of the design.



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"very lighting system is over*dimensioned$ minimally by 20.

1t the end of the lifetime it still achieves the re6uiredilluminance intensity.

?sing the constant illuminance sensor we can achieve 20 energy savings during the -rst years of the lifetime.



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Constant Illuminance

Sensor

LQS Value

Jes )

+o 0

LQS Value

Eaylight Sensor


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Eaylight Sensor

he daylight has decisive importance on the health andpsychological well*being of people

it is important to create such environment at the wor9placewhich will be able to imitate the properties of the daylightas truthfully as possible.

he light conditions change during the day in dependenceof the time of the day$ weather and the season of the year.

he tas9 of the arti-cial lighting is to balance thedi@erences and to complete or to replace in full extent thenatural light when its availability is limited.

Eaylight Sensor


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Eaylight Sensor

20 30

0 )00

Eaylight Sensor


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Eaylight Sensor

'a$li!#t Sensor LQS Value

Jes 2

+o 0

LQS Value


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lighting quality standards

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