The Semantic Web and the Building Domain –

an Introduction

Stefan Dietze

L3S Research Center

- GeoBim 2015, 11.12.2015 -

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Recent work on Linked Data exploration/discovery/search

Entity linking

Entity & fact retrieval

Human computation for data-intensive tasks

Research areas

Web science, Information Retrieval, Semantic Web & LinkedData, data & knowledge integration (mapping, classification, interlinking)

Application domains: Web archiving, Temporal Analytics, TEL/Education, Smart Cities...

Some projects

Introduction

http://www.l3s.de/

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See also: http://purl.org/dietze

Stefan Dietze

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Semantic Web “in the wild”: Google Knowledge Graph

Google Knowledge Graph

Structured factual knowledge (eg DBpedia, Freebase etc)

Represented in machine-readable format „RDF“ (Resource Description Framework, W3C standard)

Used for disambiguating queries, retrieving facts

dbp:United_States

http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cambridge_MA

dbp:W3C

country

cityOf

dbp:MIT

ru.dbp:Кембридж_(Массачусетс)

sameAs

headquarterOf

Semantic Web “in the wild”: Google Knowledge Graph

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Semantic Web/Linked Data

RDF datasets on the Web,compliant with LD principles(RDF, SPARQL, URIs)

Linked Data graph/cloud: graph of Web datasets (1000+ datasets & 100 billion RDF statements)

dbp:United_States

http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cambridge_MA

dbp:W3C

country

cityOf

schema:City

typeOf

dbp:MIT

ru.dbp:Кембридж_(Массачусетс)

sameAs

headquarterOf

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geonames:4931972

sameAs

Semantic Web “in the wild”: Google Knowledge Graph

What is LD/SW good for?

Stefan Dietze 11/12/15

http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cambridge

Shared background knowledge and semantics (data, schema) for enrichment, disambiguation etc

(data consumer perspective)

„HTTP-accessibility“ (SPARQL, URI-dereferencing)

„Structure“ & „Semantics“ (=> shared/linked vocabularies)

„Interlinked“

„Persistent“

40688713.213379

http://sws.geonames.org/2653940/

dbpedia:UnitedKingdom

Established principles, W3C standards & tools for data sharing

(data provider perspective)

Building Information Modeling and the Semantic Web?

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RDF Vocabularies

Contextual & background knowledge, e.g.:

Geodata

Historical information

Statistical information (infrastructure, traffic, environment etc)

Gadiraju, U., Kawase, R., Dietze, S., Extracting Architectural Patterns

from Web data, in Proceedings of 13th International Semantic Web

Conference (ISWC2014), Riva Del Garda, Italy, October 2014 [ Best

ISWC2014 Poster Award ]

Gadiraju, U., Dietze, S., Diaz-Aviles, E., Ranking Buildings and Mining

the Web for popular Architectural Patterns. ACM Web Science 2015

(WebSci2015), 28 June – 1 July, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Building Information Modeling and the Semantic Web!

…why are there so few datasets actually used?

Date reuse and in-links focused on trusted „referencegraphs“ such as DBpedia (i.e. Wikipedia)

Long tail of LD datasets which are neither reused nor linkedto (LOD Cloud alone consists of 300+ datasets)

Explanations?

That’s awesome, but...

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Hm,

really?

Stefan Dietze

Stefan Dietze

Linked Data is more diverse than we thinkSPARQL Web-Querying Infrastructure: Ready for Action?,

Carlos Buil-Aranda, Aidan Hogan, Jürgen Umbrich Pierre-Yves

Vandenbussch, International Semantic Web Conference 2013,

(ISWC2013).

SPARQL endpoint availability over time [Buil-Aranda et al 2013]

Accessibility of datasets?

Less than 50% of all SPARQL endpoints actually responsive at given point of time

“THE” SPARQL protocol? No, but many variants & subsets

…

Shared vocabularies & schemas, but:

…still very heterogeneous [d’Aquin, WebSci13]

…data partially messy and not conformant (RDFS, schemas) [HoganJWS2012]

…even widely used reference datasets such as DBpedia noisy [Paulheim2013, Demidova2014]

Co-occurence graph of datatypes in 146 datasets: 144 Vocabularies, 588 highly overlapping types, 719 Properties

Assessing the Educational Linked Data Landscape, D’Aquin, M., Adamou, A.,

Dietze, S., ACM Web Science 2013 (WebSci2013), Paris, France, May 2013.

Analyzing Relative Incompleteness of Movie Descriptions in the Web of Data:

A Case Study, Yuan, W., Demidova, E., Dietze, S., Zhu, X., International

Semantic Web Conference 2014 (ISWC2014)

An empirical survey of Linked Data conformance. Hogan, A., Umbrich, J.,

Harth, A., Cyganiak, R., Polleres, A., Decker., S., In the Journal of Web Semantics

14: pp. 14–44, 2012

<geoLatLong:52/13>

Building Information Models and correlated (Linked) data evolve

Dependencies: in RDF graphs (such as the LOD Cloud), „all“ nodes are connected

Which datasets to preserve (only direct links or also more distant neighbours)?(semantic relatedness, see [ESWC2013])

Efficient & scalable preservation strategies

<dbp:Berlin(east)>

<dura:GDR Peoples Palace>

<dbp:Berlin>

Traffic statistics

(1986-1989)Traffic statistics

(2013-…)

Energy efficiency

policies

What about data evolution? - BIM, Linked Data & preservation

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DURAARK Consortium

http://www.duraark.eu

Goals

Semantic enrichment & preservation of architecture data (3D models, metadata, Web & Linked Data)

“DURAARK: Durable Architectural Knowledge”

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Thank you!

WWW

http://duraark.eu

http://data.duraark.eu

http://stefandietze.net

REFERENCES

Extracting Architectural Patterns from Web data, Gadiraju, U., Kawase, R., Dietze, S., in Proceedings of 13th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC2014), Riva Del Garda, Italy, October 2014 [ Best ISWC2014 Poster Award ]

Ranking Buildings and Mining the Web for popular Architectural Patterns, Gadiraju, U., Dietze, S., Diaz-Aviles, E., ACM Web Science 2015 (WebSci2015), 28 June – 1 July, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Assessing the Educational Linked Data Landscape, D’Aquin, M., Adamou, A., Dietze, S., ACM Web Science 2013 (WebSci2013), Paris, France, May 2013.

Analyzing Relative Incompleteness of Movie Descriptions in the Web of Data: A Case Study, Yuan, W., Demidova, E., Dietze, S., Zhu, X., International Semantic Web Conference 2014 (ISWC2014)

Generating structured Profiles of Linked Data Graphs, Fetahu, B; Dietze, S., d’Aquin, M., Nunes, B.P., ISWC2013 – 12th International Semantic Web Conference;

Type Inference on Noisy RDF Data, Paulheim H., Bizer, C. Semantic Web – ISWC 2013, Lecture Notes in Computer Science Volume 8218, 2013, pp 510-525

An empirical survey of Linked Data conformance. Hogan, A., Umbrich, J., Harth, A., Cyganiak, R., Polleres, A., Decker., S., In the Journal of Web Semantics 14: pp. 14–44, 2012

SPARQL Web-Querying Infrastructure: Ready for Action?, Carlos Buil-Aranda, Aidan Hogan, Jürgen Umbrich Pierre-Yves Vandenbussch, International Semantic Web Conference 2013, (ISWC2013).

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