ljlorh esa vksj esjk o;kdj - saraswati house material...8 mrrj&iqflrdkµesa vksj esjk o;kdj.k...

ljLorh

eSa vkSj esjkO;kdj.k

mRrj&iqfLrdk

8

U;w ljLorh gkml (bafM;k) izkú fyúubZ fnYyh&110002 (bafM;k)

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Reprint 2016

ISBN: 978-93-5041-997-7

Published by: New Saraswati House (India) Pvt. Ltd.19 Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 (India)

The moral rights of the author has been asserted.

©Reserved with the Publishers

All rights reserved under the Copyright Act. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transcribed, transmitted, stored in a retrieval system or translated into any language or computer, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual, photocopy or otherwise without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.

Printed at: Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., Sahibabad (Uttar Pradesh)

This book is meant for educational and learning purposes. The author(s) of the book has/have taken all reasonable care to ensure that the contents of the book do not violate any copyright or other intellectual property rights of any person in any manner whatsoever. In the event the author(s) has/have been unable to track any source and if any copyright has been inadvertently infringed, please notify the publisher in writing for any corrective action.

(iii)

fo"k;&lwph

1- Hkk"kk] cksyh] fyfi ----------------------------------------------------------------- 5 2- o.kZ&fopkj ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 3- laf/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 4- orZuh&fopkj -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 5- 'kCn&fopkj --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 6- i;kZ;okph 'kCn --------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 7- vusdkFkZd 'kCn --------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 8- foijhrkFkZd 'kCn ------------------------------------------------------------------- 16 9- JqfrlefHkUukFkZd 'kCn ----------------------------------------------------------- 17 10- ,dkFkZd izrhr gksus okys 'kCn ----------------------------------------------- 17 11- vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn --------------------------------------------- 18 12- milxZ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 13- izR;; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22 14- lekl ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24 15- laKk -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 27 16- ¯yx -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 27 17- opu ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 18- dkjd ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30 19- loZuke ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31 20- fo'ks"k.k --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 21- fozQ;k ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 34 22- dky ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 35 23- fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 38 24- laca/cks/d --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 39 25- leqPp;cks/d ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 40 26- foLe;kfncks/d --------------------------------------------------------------------- 41 27- fuikr ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 42 28- in&ifjp; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42

29- okD;&fopkj -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46 30- v'kqn~/ okD;ksa dk la'kks/u ---------------------------------------------------- 48 31- inca/] miokD; ,oa okD;&Hksn --------------------------------------------- 49 32- okP; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 51 33- okD;&ifjorZu vkSj la'ys"k.k ------------------------------------------------- 52 34- fojke&fpg~u -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 55 35- vyadkj -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 56 36- eqgkojs vkSj yksdksfDr;k¡ --------------------------------------------------------- 57 38- vifBr xn~;ka'k --------------------------------------------------------------------- 60 39- vifBr in~;ka'k --------------------------------------------------------------------- 61 vH;kl iz'ui=kµ1 ---------------------------------------------------------------- 62 vH;kl iz'ui=kµ2 ---------------------------------------------------------------- 67

(iv)

mRrj&iqfLrdkµeSa vkSj esjk O;kdj.k (Hkkx&8)│ 5

1- Hkk"kk] cksyh] fyfi 1- d- Hkk"kk osQ eq[; :i nks gSaµ(d) ekSf[kd ([k) fyf[kr (i) ekSf[kd Hkk"kk osQ mnkgj.kµokrkZyki] dkO;&ikB]

Hkk"k.k rFkk jsfM;ksA (ii) fyf[kr Hkk"kk osQ mnkgj.kµi=k] if=kdk] ys[k rFkk laLej.kA [k- (i) xn~; lkfgR; osQ pkj lkfgR;dkj gSaµeqa'kh izsepan

(fueZyk)] jkepanz 'kqDy (tk;lh)] fueZy oekZ (,d fpFkM+k lq[k) rFkk Hkxorhpj.k oekZ (fp=kys[kk)A

(ii) in~; lkfgR; osQ pkj lkfgR;dkj dchjnkl (chtd nksgs)] rqylhnkl (jkepfjr ekul)] egknsoh oekZ (vf/dkj) rFkk vkfej [kqljks (cgqr dfBu gS) gSaA

x- ekr`Hkk"kkµog Hkk"kk ftls ckyd viuh ekrk ;k ifjokj ls lh[krk gS] ^ekr`Hkk"kk* dgykrh gSA

Hkk"kkµftl ekè;e osQ n~okjk euq"; vius fopkjksa dk vknku&iznku djrk gS] og ^Hkk"kk* dgykrh gSA

?k- jk"VªHkk"kk rFkk jktHkk"kk esa varj (i) jk"VªHkk"kkµog Hkk"kk ftldk iz;ksx ns'k osQ vf/dka'k

fuokfl;ksa n~okjk fd;k tkrk gS] ^jk"VªHkk"kk* dgykrh gSA tSlsµHkkjr dh jk"VªHkk"kk ¯gnh gSA

(ii) jktHkk"kkµog Hkk"kk ftlesa ,d ns'k osQ ljdkjh rFkk X+kSj&ljdkjh nÝ+ rjksa dk dkedkt gksrk gS] ^jktHkk"kk* dgykrh gS_ tSlsµHkkjr dh nks jktHkk"kk,¡ gSaµ¯gnh vkSj vaxzs”khA

Ä- cksyh rFkk miHkk"kk esa varj (i) cksyhµHkk"kk dk vYi&fodflr :i ^cksyh* dgykrk

gSA bldk iz;ksx lhfer {ks=k esa fd;k tkrk gSA blesa lkfgR; jpuk ugha gksrh] mnkgj.kµexgh] caqnsyh] dUukSth vkfnA

(ii) miHkk"kkµ tc cksyh dk {ks=k FkksM+k cM+k gks tkrk

6 │ mRrj&iqfLrdkµeSa vkSj esjk O;kdj.k (Hkkx&8)

gS] rc og miHkk"kk cu tkrh gSA blesa lkfgR; jpuk gksrh gSA ,d miHkk"kk dh dbZ cksfy;k¡ gks ldrh gSa_ mnkgj.kµjktLFkkuh dh dbZ cksfy;k¡ gSaµesokrh] ekjokM+h] t;iqjh vkfnA

p- eq[k ls mPpfjr èofu;ksa dks fy[kus dh fof/ ^fyfi* dgykrh gSA mPPkfjr Hkk"kk dks LFkk;h :i nsus vkSj vius fopkj nwj cls gq, lacaf/;ksa rd igq¡pkus osQ fy, ^fyfi* dh vko';drk iM+hA vkjaHk esa fp=kksa dk lgkjk fy;k x;kA vkxs pydj èofu;ksa dks fpg~uksa dk :i ns fn;k x;kA

N- gnh Hkkjr dh jktHkk"kk] jk"VªHkk"kk rFkk laioZQ Hkk"kk gSA ;g fo'o dh ,dek=k iw.kZr;k oSKkfud Hkk"kk gSA Hkkjr osQ vfrfjDr dbZ vU; ns'kksa esa bldk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA tSlsµ I+kQhth] ekWfj'kl] eysf'k;k] usiky] U;w”khySaM vkfnA Vhúohú pSuyksa ij izlkfjr gksus okys vf/drj dk;ZozQe ¯gnh esa gh curs gSaA vaxzs”kh Hkk"kk dh orZuh laca/h leL;kvksa dks lqy>kus osQ fy, ¯gnh dh fyfi nsoukxjh ij vk/kfjr ^nsoxzhd* fyfi dk fuekZ.k fd;k tk jgk gSA

t- nsoukxjh fyfi dh eq[; fo'ks"krk,¡ gSaµ (d) ;g fo'o dh ,dek=k oSKkfud fyfi gSA ([k) blosQ ys[ku o eqnz.k esa ,d:irk gSA (x) ,d èofu osQ fy, ,d fpg~u fu/kZfjr gSA 2- Hkkjrh; lafo/ku esa 22 Hkk"kk,¡ ekU;rk izkIr gSaµ gnh] vlfe;k]

caxkyh] xqtjkrh] cksMks] Mksxjh] dUuM+] d'ehjh] dksad.kh] iatkch] mnwZ] eSfFkyh] ey;kye] ef.kiqjh] ejkBh] mfM+;k] usikyh] laLo`Qr] rfey] rsyqxq] laFkkyh rFkk ¯l/hA

3- (d) Kku&dks'k] lkfgR; ([k) ik¡p (x) cksyh (?k) iwohZ ¯gnh] igkM+h ¯gnh (Ä) iz;ksx] O;kdj.k (p) 22] ekU;rk (N) nsoukxjh (t) 70 izfr'kr (>) ckb±] nkb± (×k) ekWjh'kl] I+kQhth


4- if'peh ¯gnh iwohZ ¯gnh jktLFkkuh igkM+h ¯gnh ekx/h (d) cztHkk"kk vo/h esokrh x<+okyh exgh ([k) gfj;k.koh NRrhlx<+h ekyoh oqQekm¡Quh vafxdk (x) caqnsyh c?ksyh t;iqjh Hkkstiqjh (?k) dUukSth ekjokM+h 5- (d) ekSf[kd ([k) ekSf[kd (x) fyf[kr (?k) ekSf[kd (Ä) fyf[kr (p) ekSf[kd (N) fyf[kr (t) ekSf[kd

qq

2- o.kZ&fopkj 1- Hkk"kk dh lcls NksVh bdkbZ ftlosQ [kaM ugha fd, tk ldrs] o.kZ*

dgykrh gS_ mnkgj.kµ v] bZ] ½] o~Q] y~] u~ vkfnA 2- o.kZekyk esa nks izdkj osQ o.kZ gksrs gSaµ Loj rFkk O;atuA mnkgj.kµ Loj µ v] b] m] , vkfnA O;atu µ o~Q] p~] V~] i~ vkfnA 3- vuqLOkkj rFkk vuqukfld esa varj

vuqLokj 1- bldk mPpkj.k ukd ls

fd;k tkrk gSA 2- bldk fpg~u f'kjksjs[kk

osQ mQij ¯cnq (µa ) osQ :i esa yxk;k tkrk gSA

mnkgj.kµ vanj] uhan] canj] lqanj vkfnA

vuqukfld 1- bldk mPpkj.k ukd rFkk

eq¡g ls fd;k tkrk gSA 2- bldk fpg~u f'kjksjs[kk osQ

mQij panz¯cnq (µ¡ ) osQ :i esa yxk;k tkrk gSA

mnkgj.kµ lk¡l] uk¡n] gk¡IkQuk] g¡lh vkfnA

4- ßLo Lojµ ;s pkj gSaµ v] b] m rFkk ½A nh?kZ Lojµ ;s lkr gSaµ vk] bZ] mQ] ,] ,s] vks rFkk vkSA


5- Li'kZ O;atuksa dk o.kZekyk ozQe fuEufyf[kr gSµ d oxZ µ d [k x ?k Ä p oxZ µ p N t > ×k V oxZ µ V B M < .k r oxZ µ r Fk n / u i oxZ µ i iQ c Hk e 6- o.kZekyk esa ik¡p oxZ gSaµd oxZ] p oxZ] V oxZ] r oxZ rFkk i

oxZA ik¡pksa oxks± osQ vafre o.kZ ^iape o.kZ* dgykrs gSaA 7- Lojksa osQ mPpkj.k esa yxus okys le; dks ek=kk dgrs gSaA tc Lojksa dk iz;ksx O;atuksa osQ lkFk fd;k tkrk gS] rc mUgsa

fy[kus osQ fy, oqQN fpg~uksa dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] mnkgj.kµ v µ dksbZ ek=kk ughaA vk µ ekrk] xkuk b µ fnu] fry bZ µ chu] nhu m µ lq/k] eqDr mQ µ uwru] ewjr ½ µ i`Foh] o`{k , µ lsuk] esyk ,s µ eSuk] eSyk 8- oaQB~; µ d] ?k rkyO; µ p] 'k] ;] ×k ew/ZU; µ ½] B] j naR; µ r] /] u] y] l vks"B~; µ i] iQ] c] Hk] m ukflD; µ ×k] .k oaQBrkyO; µ ,s oaQBkS"B~; µ vkS


9- (d) 'k~ $ ½ $ x~ $ vk $ y~ $ v ([k) x~ $ ½ $ g~ $ v $ l~ $ Fk~ $ v (x) c~ $ vkS $ n~ $ /~ $ b $ o~Q $ v (?k) ;~ $ m $ /~ $ b $ "k~ $ B~ $ b $ j~ $ v (Ä) y~ $ v $ o~Q $ "k~ $ e~ $ v $ .k $ v (p) o~ $ ,s $ t~ $ ×k~ $ vk $ u~ $ b $ o~Q $ v (N) r~ $ vk $ r~ $ i~ $ v $ j~ $ ;~ $ v (t) o~ $ ½ $ n~ $ /~ $ vk $ o~ $ v $ l~ $ Fk $ vk 10- (d) lewg ([k) fyf[kr (x) de (?k) vuqukfld (Ä) v;ksxokg (p) vkxr èofu;k¡ (N) naR; (t) oaQB~; 11- (d) O;kogkfjd ([k) lkIrkfgd (x) laHkor% (?k) g¡leq[k (Ä) r`".kk (p) fe=krk (N) LoxhZ; (t) gnqLrku12- (d) nhikoyh ([k) vk'khokZn (x) O;fDr (?k) O;kogkfjd (Ä) ok.kh (p) ;teku (N) x`gLFk (t) gnqvksa (>) Jherh (×k) esa<d (V) vui<+ (B) izn'kZuh (M) fo'okl (<) iz'kalk (.k) o`{k (r) lq"kek (Fk) iz.kke (n) ,sfrgkfld (èk) Ük`axkj (u) jks'kuh

qq


3- laf/

1- laf/ dk vFkZ gSµ esyA nks 'kCnksa esa nks o.kks± osQ ikl&ikl gksus ls tks fodkj@ifjorZu gksrk gS] og laf/ dgykrk gSA tSlsµ lR; $ vFkZ ¾ lR;kFkZ

laf/&foPNsnµ foPNsn dk vFkZ gSµ vyx djukA laf/ fd, x, o.kks± dks vyx djosQ igys okyh fLFkfr esa ykuk laf/ foPNsn dgykrk gS] mnkgj.kµ lagkj ¾ le~ $ g~kj

2- laf/ osQ rhu Hksn gSaµLoj laf/] O;atu laf/ ,oa folxZ laf/A mnkgj.kµ (1) Loj laf/ µ uj $ mRre ¾ ujksRre 'kqHk $ vkjaHk ¾ 'kqHkkjaHk (2) O;atu laf/ µ mr~ $ pkj.k ¾ mPpkj.k le~ $ t; ¾ lat; (3) folxZ laf/ µ fu% $ Ny ¾ fu'Ny ue% $ rs ¾ ueLrs 3- (1) ;.k~ laf/ osQ mnkgj.k µ (1) vfr $ var ¾ vR;ar (2) izfr $ mRrj ¾ izR;qRrj (2) v;kfn laf/ osQ mnkgj.k µ (1) us $ vu ¾ u;u (2) xS $ vd ¾ xk;d 4- (d) us $ vu ([k) egk $ bZ'oj (x) vuq $ ,"k.k (?k) rFkk $ ,o (Ä) mifj $ mDr (p) xaxk $ mnd (N) fon~;k $ vkuan (t) eu% $ foKku (>) fu% $ cy (×k) le~ $ 'kks/u (V) vge~ $ dkj (B) o`r~ $ Nk;k (M) mr~ $ gj.k (<) Hkw"k $ vu (.k) mr~ $ eRr (r) lr~ $ tu (Fk) vr~ $ var (n) uS $ vd


5- (d) Hkfo"; ([k) LokFkZ (x) izR;qidkj

(?k) ukf;dk (Ä) LofLr (p) nsO;kxeu

(N) enksUeRr (t) vNwrksn~/kj (>) ;ksxhanz

(×k) nso£"k (V) ukjh'oj (B) yksosQ'k

(M) nh{kkar (<) xq:ins'k (.k) foLe;kfn

(r) ijkLr (Fk) Lok/hu (n) xtkuan

(èk) jkekorkj (u) fu;kZr (i) uhykdk'k

(iQ) txnack (c) rUe; (Hk) laxfr

(e) ek=kkKk (;) nqxZe (j) vuqPNsn

(y) fu'py (o) fuLlansg ('k) lagkj

6- (d) pj.k $ ve`r ([k) ;ksxh $ bZ'oj

(x) le~ $ lkj (?k) mr~ $ ykl

(Ä) ikS $ vu (p) laf/ $ foPNsn

(N) vfHk $ lsd (t) le~ $ gkj

(>) rst% $ e; (×k) rr~ $ Nk;k

7- (d) v $ m ¾ vks ¾ uoksn;

([k) b $ v ¾ ; ¾ ;n~;fi

(x) v $ bZ ¾ ,s ¾ jkes'oj

(?k) b $ u ¾ .k ¾ ifj.kke

(Ä) v% $ g ¾ vks ¾ euksgjqq

4- orZuh&fopkj

1- (d) bulku ([k) tkxfr (x) iRuh (?k) nokb;k¡ (Ä) iwtuh; (p) xgLFk (N) vk'khokZn (t) T;ksRLuk (>) izTofyr


2- ekud :iµ (d) ¯prk ([k) BaM (x) laqnj (?k) [kaM (Ä) papy (p) iatkc (N) dkaM (t) uanu (>) oaQcy (×k) laca/ 3- (d) ikaMoksa osQ lkezkT; osQ laca/ esa vusd ckrsa izpfyr gSaA ([k) lw;Z dh mQtkZ ls gh izo`Qfr esa thou laHko gSA (x) vusd dfo;ksa vkSj dof;f=k;ksa us izkekf.kd jpuk,¡ fy[khaA (?k) ueLdkj! o`Qi;k vki cSB tkb,A (Ä) vkt nloha dh ijh{kk dk ifj.kke vk,xkA 4- vuqLokj laca/h v'kqn~f/;k¡µ (d) eklkgkjh µ ekalkgkjh ([k) na~on~o µ n~oan~o (x) i¡[k µ ia[k (?k) v¡/k µ va/k vuqukfld laca/h v'kqn~f/;k¡µ (d) lkaM µ lk¡M ([k) laokjuk µ l¡okjuk (x) ckag µ ck¡g (?k) vkaxu µ vk¡xu 5- 'kqn~/ :i ?kfu"B] lkE;] vuqx`ghr 'e'kku] izkekf.kd] fuHkZ;] laU;klh] fLFkfr] mi;ZqDr mYya?ku] vè;;u] vR;f/d

qq

5- 'kCn&fopkj 1- o.kks± osQ lkFkZd esy ls cuus okyh lkFkZd bdkbZ dks ^'kCn* dgrs

gSaA 'kCnksa dks ik¡p vk/kjksa ij oxhZoQr fd;k x;k gS_µ (1) jpuk (2) mRifRr (3) vFkZ (4) O;kdjf.kd izdk;Z (5) iz;ksxA

2- O;kdj.k osQ fu;eksa esa c¡/s] okD; esa iz;qDr 'kCn ^in* dgykrs gSaA


'kCn rFkk in esa varj

'kCn 1- 'kCn o.kks± osQ esy ls

curs gSa vkSj Lora=k gSaA

2- 'kCndks'k esa 'kCn gksrs gSaA

in 1- in Lora=k ugha gksrsA ;s

O;kdjf.kd fu;eksa ls c¡/s gksrs gSaA

2- 'kCndks'k esa in ugha gksrsA

3- jpuk osQ vk/kj ij 'kCnksa osQ rhu Hksn gSaµ (1) :<+ 'kCn µ egy] {ks=k (2) ;kSfxd 'kCn µ jktegy] fon~;kFkhZ (3) ;ksx:<+ 'kCn µ ihrkacj] nhikoyh 4- rRle o rn~Hko 'kCnksa esa varj rRle 'kCnµtks 'kCn laLo`Qr Hkk"kk ls vius ewy :i esa ¯gnh

Hkk"kk esa vk,] os rRle 'kCn dgyk,] tSlsµ lw;Z] lR;] jkf=k] d.kZ vkfnA

rn~Hko 'kCnµtks 'kCn laLo`Qr 'kCnksa esa oqQN ifjorZu djosQ cuk, x,] os rn~Hko 'kCn dgyk,] tSlsµ nqX/&nw/] d.kZ&dku] jkf=k&jkr] lw;Z&lwjt vkfnA

5- fodkjh rFkk vfodkjh 'kCnksa esa varj fodkjh 'kCnµ tks 'kCn ¯yx] opu] dky vkfn osQ vuqlkj

viuk :i cnyrs gSa] os ^fodkjh 'kCn* dgykrs gSaA fodkjh 'kCnksa osQ pkj Hksn gSaµ

(1) laKk (2) loZuke (3) fo'ks"k.k (4) fozQ;kA vfodkjh 'kCnµftu 'kCnksa osQ :i esa ¯yx] opu] dky vkfn

osQ dkj.k dksbZ ifjorZu ugha gksrk] os ^vfodkjh 'kCn* dgykrs gSaA vfodkjh 'kCnksa osQ pkj Hksn gSaµ

(1) fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k (2) laca/cks/d (3) leqPp;cks/d (4) foLe;kfncks/dA


6- (d) ekFkk µ rn~Hko ([k) jkf=k µ rRle (x) dkd µ rRle (?k) fVdV µ fons'kh (Ä) odhy µ vjch (p) chekj µ fons'kh (N) vyekjh µ fons'kh (t) iQjojh µ fons'kh (>) fMCck µ ns'kt (×k) ydM+h µ ns'k”k (V) [ksr µ rn~Hko (B) e;wj µ rRle (M) ngh µ rn~Hko (<) ?kM+k µ rn~Hko (.k) iVk[kk µ fons'kh (r) lw=k µ rRle (Fk) egy µ fons'kh (n) ued µ iQkjlh (èk) okrkZ µ rRle (u) fHk{kk µ rRle (i) oqQjlh µ fons'kh 7- 'kCn Hkk"kk 'kCn Hkk"kk (d) buke µ vjch ([k) larjk µ iqrZxkyh (x) yhph µ phuh (?k) tknw µ iQkjlh (Ä) pspd µ rqdhZ (p) cSad µ vaxzsth (N) dkx”k µ iQkjlh (t) bykt µ vjch (>) pk; µ phuh (×k) oSaQph µ rqdhZ (V) lqcg µ vjch (B) isafly µ vaxzsth (M) oqQjrk µ rqdhZ (<) vkneh µ vjch (.k) cl µ vaxzsth 8- :<+ ;kSfxd ;ksx:<+ nhid ikB'kkyk yacksnj ?kj lekukFkhZ n'kkuu dey fon~;kFkhZ prqHkZqt eq[k O;k;ke'kkyk dy 9- (d) vkx µ vfXu ([k) ekFkk µ eLrd (x) Hkh[k µ fHk{kk (?k) dku µ d.kZ


(Ä-) okj µ oklj (p) lk¡i µ liZ (N) ?kksM+k µ ?kksVd (t) iRrk µ i=k (>) uhan µ funzk (×k) dke µ deZ

qq

6- i;kZ;okph 'kCn 1- (d) Hk¡ojk µ vfy] Hkzej ([k) ljLorh µ 'kkjnk] oh.kkokfnuh

(x) ân; µ eu] mj (?k) ifFkd µ ;k=kh] jkgh

(Ä) izse µ Lusg] vuqjkx (p) vuqpj µ lsod] nkl

(N) lk/q µ lar] laU;klh (t) pk¡nuh µ dkSeqnh] T;ksRLuk

(>) nw/ µ nqX/] i; (×k) o`Q"kd µ fdlku] gy/j

2- (d) eks{k µ dky ([k) lksuk µ eksrh

(x) vgadkj µ lHkh lgh gSA (?k) olar µ osQ'ko

(Ä) xjeh µ m".k (p) lg µ O;k/

3- (d) cky ([k) fdj.k (x) iRFkj

(?k) uko (Ä) y{eh (p) ;ejkt

4- (d) ½rqjkt ([k) vfuy (x) oL=k

(?k) oko~Qnsoh (Ä) lkse

5- (d) eNyh µ (v) lgjh ([k) oqQcsj µ (i) ;{kjkt (x) eks{k µ (iii) oSQoY; (?k) canj µ (iv) 'kk[kke`x (Ä) ;ejkt µ (ii) lw;Ziq=k

qq

7- vusdkFkZd 'kCn 1- (d) oqQ'ky ([k) irax (x) fof/ (?k) Üka`[kyk (Ä) v#.k (p) psru


2- (d) xfr µ pky] n'kk ([k) dVd µ lksuk] lewg (x) eqnzk µ flDdk] fpg~u (?k) rkr µ firk] iwT; (Ä) vkrqj µ O;koqQy] mRlqd (p) vodk'k µ NqV~Vh] volj (N) er µ oksV] jk; (t) ukd µ eku] LoxZ 3- (d) vk/k ([k) cwVh (x) dk¡Vk (?k) ?kuk (Ä) dj?kk (p) gkFkh (N) volj (t) vxzHkkx (>) cpko (×k) dkuwu

qq

8- foijhrkFkZd 'kCn 1- (d) foosd cgqr mQ/eh gSA foosd cgqr 'kkar gSA ([k) lkfgy us fujFkZd iz;kl fd;kA lkfgy us lkFkZd iz;kl fd;kA (x) ln~xq.k lnSo xzkg~; gksrs gSaA voxq.k lnSo vxzkg~;@R;kT; gksrs gSaA (?k) lqanjrk osQ izfr vkd"kZ.k ,d lk/kj.k ckr gSA lqanjrk osQ izfr fod"kZ.k ,d lk/kj.k ckr gSA (Ä) r#.k o#.k dk vxzt gSA o#.k r#.k dk vuqt gSA 2- (d) vfuok;Z ([k) o`Qr?u (x) iz'kalk (?k) lTtu (Ä) eSyk (p) fod"kZ.k (N) vxzkg~; (t) cfgjax (>) egku (×k) ?k`.kk 3- (d) vuqifLFkr ([k) nkuh (x) voxq.kksa (?k) m½.k (Ä) ve`r


4- (d) catj ([k) ferO;; (x) iz'kalk (?k) funzk (Ä) oSjkxh

qq

9- JqfrlefHkUukFkZd 'kCn 1- (d) ifj.kke ([k) vfuy (x) uhM+ (?k) fu/Zu (Ä) phj (p) vklUu (N) peZ 2- (d) varj µ xq# th] gesa 'kL=k o vL=k dk varj le>kb,A vanj µ ?kj osQ vanj dksbZ cSBk gSA ([k) /ku µ fdlku us [ksr esa /ku dh iQly cksbZA /kU; µ /jrh /u&/kU; ls Hkjiwj gSA (x) oqQy µ Jho`Q".k us ;kno oqQy esa tUe fy;k FkkA owQy µ ;equk osQ owQy ij ,d ukSdk vkdj #dhA (?k) nhi µ va/dkj gksrs gh nhi txexk mBsA n~ohi µ Jh yadk ,d n~ohi gSA (Ä) y{k µ jktk us fon~okuksa dks ,d y{k eqnzk,¡ nhaA y{; µ vrqy us vius y{; ij fu'kkuk lk/kA

qq

10- ,dkFkZd izrhr gksus okys 'kCn 1- ,dkFkZd os 'kCn gksrs gSa] tks ,d tSlk vFkZ nsus okys izrhr

gksrs gSa] ijarq muosQ vFkZ vyx&vyx gksrs gSaA tSls µ vxe µ tgk¡ igq¡pk u tk losQA nqxZe µ tgk¡ igq¡puk dfBu gksA lekukFkhZµ leku vFkZ nsus okys 'kCn lekukFkhZ vFkkZr i;kZ;okph

'kCn dgykrs gSaA tSlsµiq"i µ lqeu] oqQlqe vkfnA 2- (d) O;; µ e¡gxkbZ osQ dkj.k f'k{kk dk O;; Hkh c<+ x;k gSA viO;; µ gesa viO;; ls lnSo cpuk pkfg,A


([k) iki µ fujhg dks lrkuk iki gSA vijk/ µ pksjh djuk vijk/ gSA (x) vH;kl µ izfrfnu lqys[k dk vH;kl djuk pkfg,A ifjJe µ ifjJe ls lHkh dk;Z fln~/ gksrs gSa] vkyL;

ls ughaA (?k) migkj µ Vksjk dks tUefnu ij <sjksa migkj feysA HksaV µ f'k"; us xq# dks Le`fr&fpg~u HksaV fd;kA (Ä) vL=k µ ;qn~/ osQ le; igys Hkkys :ih vL=k dk

iz;ksx vf/d gksrk FkkA 'kL=k µ ryokj ,d 'kL=k gSA 3- (d) vewY; ([k) gkl&ifjgkl (x) bPNk (?k) nq[k (Ä) mi;ksx (p) ijh{kd (N) iki (t) e`R;q 4- oxZ&igsyh (d) bPNk µ vkt esjh lSj djus dh bPNk gSA ([k) fujh{kd µ fon~;ky; esa fujh{kd us d{kkvksa dk

fujh{k.k fd;kA (x) vijk/ µ cky&fookg ,d dkuwuh vijk/ gSA (?k) iou µ vpkud iou dk rhoz >ksadk vk;kA (Ä) O;; µ joh'kk us iqLrd esys esa nks g”kkj #i;s O;;

fd,A (p) mi;ksx µ fugkfjdk osQ ?kj esa uohu midj.kksa dk

mi;ksx gksrk gSAqq

11- vusd 'kCnksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn 1- (d) lukFk ([k) fuLlansg (x) mQoZj (?k) lgpj (Ä) bZ";kZyq (p) vYik;q (N) ,sfrgkfld (t) vo.kZuh; (>) ikf{kd (×k) vijkg~u


2- (d) ftKklq µ (viii) ftlesa tkuus dh bPNk gksA ([k) izfrfyfi µ (vi) ys[k dh udy (x) v'kDr µ (i) ftlesa 'kfDr u gks (?k) vn~forh; µ (ii) ftlosQ leku nwljk dksbZ u gks (Ä) loZfiz; µ (iii) tks lcdks fiz; gks (p) ijks{k µ (iv) tks vk¡[kksa osQ lkeus u gks (N) vkxkeh µ (ix) tks Hkfo"; esa vkus okyk gks (t) ferHkk"kh µ (v) tks de cksyrk gks (>) vijkts; µ (vii) ftls thrk u tk losQ 3- (d) okpky µ pk: cgqr okpky gSA ([k) vkRe?kkrh µ laln ij vkRe?kkrh geyk gqvk FkkA (x) nwjn'khZ µ r{kf'kyk osQ jktxq# nwjn'khZ FksA (?k) vHkwriwoZ µ eukyh esa gesa igkM+ksa dh lqanjrk dk

vHkwriwoZ vuqHko gqvkA (Ä) gLrfyf[kr µ izkphu dky esa gLrfyf[kr fyfi;ksa dk

izpyu FkkA (p) eancqn~f/ µ 'kkjnwy ,d eancqn~f/ ckyd FkkA (N) vfoLej.kh; µ cPpks] vius thou dh ,d vfoLej.kh;

?kVuk ij vuqPNsn fy[kksA (t) iwokZg~u µ ljdkjh cSad iwokZg~u rd gh [kqys jgrs

gSaA (>) ok£"kd µ lHkh fon~;kFkhZ ok£"kd ijh{kk dh rS;kjh

”kksj&'kksj ls djrs gSaA (×k) o`QrK µ ladV osQ le; vkius esjh lgk;rk dh

gS] blfy, eSa o`QrK gw¡A 4- (d) ekalkgkjh ([k) uotkr (x) ,sfrgkfld (?k) ykbykt

qq


12- milxZ 1- tks 'kCnka'k fdlh 'kCn osQ vkjaHk esa tqM+dj mlosQ vFkZ esa

ifjorZu ykrs gSa] os ^milxZ* dgykrs gSaA ¯gnh Hkk"kk esa ik¡p izdkj osQ milxZ iz;ksx esa vkrs gSaµ (1) laLo`Qr osQ milxZ µ v µ vuhfr] v/eZ vfr µ vfrfjDr] vR;ar (2) gnh osQ milxZ µ vu µ vutku] vudgh fu µ fuMj] fugky (3) mnZw&I+kQkjlh osQ milxZ µ cs µ csvDy] csyxke ge µ ge'kDy] gennZ (4) laLo`Qr osQ vO;; µ lg µ lgpj] lg;ksx oqQ µ oqQekxZ] oqQiq=k (5) vaxzs”kh osQ milxZ µ phI+kQ µ phI+kQ&dfe'uj phI+kQ&fefuLVj lc µ lc&baLisDVj lc&desVh 2- (d) mi µ midkj] mins'k ([k) v µ vKku] vdky (x) fu µ fuiq.k] fuokl (?k) vu µ vueksy] vutku (Ä) ij µ ijekFkZ] ijksidkj (p) oqQ µ oqQpky] oqQekxZ (N) Lo µ Lok/hu] LojkT; (t) nq µ nq[kn] nqcyk (>) vuq µ vuqdj.k] vuqowQy (×k) v/ µ v/idk] v/ejk


3- milxks± osQ iz;ksx ls cus u, 'kCnµ (d) eku µ vieku ([k) isV µ HkjisV (x) fopkj µ oqQfopkj (?k) lqanj µ vlqanj (Ä) gksuh µ vugksuh (p) ckW; µ gsMckW; (N) xq.k µ voxq.k (t) t; µ ijkt; (>) le> µ ukle> (×k) thou µ vkthou (V) Mj µ fuMj (B) lkB µ mulB (M) gkf”kj µ xSjgkf”kj (<) lquk µ vulquk (.k) jkT; µ LojkT; (r) idk µ v/idk (Fk) yxke µ csyxke (n) uke µ csuke (èk) ;ksx µ lq;ksx 4- milxZ ewy'kCn (d) laiw.kZ le~ iw.kZ ([k) ifjozQek ifj ozQek (x) iqjLdkj iqjl~ dkj (?k) vkj{k.k vk j{k.k (Ä) v/ksxfr v/% xfr (p) vi'kCn vi 'kCn (N) ijk/hu ijk v/hu (t) vfrfiz; vfr fiz; (>) fpjk;q fpj~ vk;q (×k) foKku fo Kku (V) rRle rr~ le (B) lqxa/ lq xa/ (M) lg;ksx lg ;ksx (<) ckb””kr ck b””kr (.k) cncw cn cw (r) ljdkj lj dkj (Fk) v/ejk v/ ejk (n) vutkuk vu tkuk


5- (d) nqxZe] fuxqZ.k] fujkdkj ([k) vR;kpkj] v/eZ] izHkko (x) vU;k;] fo#n~/] izfrfozQ;k (?k) njvly] devDy] xSjf”kEesnkj (Ä) vutkuh] fuMjrk (p) vej] ijyksd (N) de”kksj] c[kwch (t) fMIVh&Mk;jsDVj] ckb””kr] [kq'kfetk”k

qq

13- izR;; 1- milxZ rFkk izR;; esa varj milxZµ tks 'kCnka'k fdlh 'kCn osQ vkjaHk esa tqM+dj mlosQ

vFkZ esa cnyko ykrs gSa] os ^milxZ* dgykrs gSa] tSlsµ vuq µ vuqdj.k] vuqlkjA

izR;;µ os 'kCnka'k tks fdlh 'kCn osQ var esa tqM+dj u;k 'kCn cukrs gSa] ^izR;;* dgykrs gSa] tSlsµokuµ:ioku] xq.kokuA

2- o`Qr~ izR;;µ /krqvksa osQ var esa tqM+dj u;k 'kCn cukus okys izR;; ^o`Qr~ izR;;* dgykrs gSa] tSlsµvkdkµyM+kdk] /ekdkA

rn~f/r izR;; µ laKk] loZuke] fo'ks"k.k] vO;; vkfn osQ var esa tqM+dj u, 'kCn cukus okys izR;; ^rn~f/r izR;;* dgykrs gSa] tSlsµ vkbZ µ cqjkbZ] HkykbZA

3- 'kCn ewy'kCn izR;; (d) viekfur vieku br ([k) xq.korh xq.k orh (x) vuqowQyrk vuqowQy rk (?k) pfj=koku pfj=k oku (Ä) >xM+kyw >xM+k vkyq


(p) [kVkl [kV~Vk vkl (N) oqQ'kyrk oqQ'ky rk (t) cnukeh cnuke bZ (>) lkekftd lekt bd (×k) cq<+kik cw<+k vkik 4- laLo`Qr osQ izR;; okys 'kCnµHk{kd] i'kqRo] lk/kj.kr%]

lq[ke;] efgek mnwZ osQ izR;;ksa okys 'kCnµennxkj] vDyean] le>nkjh]

bulkfu;r] tknwxjh 5- (d) ys[kd] jpukdkj] dykdkj] vkeaf=kr ([k) xjeh] ePNjnkuh (x) vk£Fkd] raxh] eg¡xkbZ (?k) /ks[ksck”k] tkylk”k (Ä) lqlfTtr] nqdkunkj] g£"kr (p) 'k=kqrk] fe=krk] vFkZghu 6- (d) b;y µ vfM+;y] lfM+;y] efj;y ([k) vkgV µ lulukgV] ?kcjkgV] eqLdjkgV (x) bd µ lkekftd] O;kogkfjd] ikfjokfjd (?k) iu µ viukiu] cpiu] ijk;kiu (Ä) okyk µ ikuokyk] lC”khokyk] nw/okyk (p) ,jk µ eesjk] ppsjk] ekSlsjk (N) b;r µ bulkfu;r] gSokfu;r] vknfe;r (t) vkoV µ feykoV] ltkoV] fn[kkoV (>) vkbZ µ eg¡xkbZ] fy[kkbZ] i<+kbZ (×k) [+kkuk µ rg[+kkuk] rksi[+kkuk] nok[+kkuk 7- (d) fMfc;k ([k) viuRo (x) d#.kke; (?k) eNfy;k¡ (Ä) eukSrh (p) /kod (N) <Ddu (t) gksugkj (>) HkqyDdM+ (×k) dlSyk (V) ekSlsjk (B) cI+kQhZyk

qq


14- lekl 1- 'kCn lewgksa dks laf{kIr djus dh izfozQ;k dks ^lekl* dgrs gSaA

mnkgj.kµ lkr fnuksa dk lewg µ lIrkg xzke dks xr µ xzkexr 2- ftl lekl esa mRrj in iz/ku rFkk iwoZ in xkS.k gksrk gS] og

rRiq#"k lekl dgykrk gSA leLr in cukrs le; 'kCn&lewgksa dk yksi gks tkrk gSA rRiq#"k lekl osQ N% Hksn gksrs gSaµ1- deZ rRiq#"k 2- dj.k rRiq#"k 3- laiznku rRiq#"k 4- viknku rRiq#"k 5- laca/ rRiq#"k 6- vf/dj.k rRiq#"kA

mnkgj.kµ ;'k dks izkIr µ ;'kizkIr µ deZ rRiq#"k 'kksd ls vkoqqQy µ 'kksdkoqqQy µ dj.k rRiq#"k jkg osQ fy, [kpZ µ jkg[kpZ µ laiznku rRiq#"k xq.k ls ghu µ xq.kghu µ viknku rRiq#"k Hkkjr dk jRu µ HkkjrjRu µ laca/ rRiq#"k izse esa eXu µ izseeXu µ vf/dj.k rRiq#"k 3- deZ/kj; vkSj cgqozhfg lekl esa fuEufyf[kr varj gSa % deZ/kj; lekl esa nksuksa inksa esa fo'ks"k.k&fo'ks"; vFkok

mieku&mies; dk laca/ gksrk gS] tSlsµ egknso µ egku gS tks nso uj¯lg µ uj:ih ¯lg cgqozhfg lekl esa nksuksa in viz/ku gksdj fdlh rhljs fo'ks"k

vFkZ dh vksj laosQr djrs gSa] tSlsµ pozQ/j µ pozQ /kj.k fd;k gS ftlus (fo".kq) 4- n~foxq leklµ prqHkqZt µ pkj Hkqtkvksa dk lekgkj n'kkuu µ nl vkuuksa dk lekgkj


f=kus=k µ rhu us=kksa dk lekgkj f=kykspu µ rhu ykspuksa dk lekgkj prqeqZ[k µ pkj eq[kksa dk lekgkj

cgqozhfg leklµ

prqHkqZt µ pkj Hkqtk,¡ gSa ftldh (fo".kq) n'kkuu µ nl vkuu gSa ftlosQ (jko.k) f=kus=k µ rhu gSa us=k ftlosQ (f'ko) f=kykspu µ rhu ykspu gSa ftlosQ (f'ko) frjaxk µ rhu jax gSa ftlesa (>aMk fo'ks"k) prqeqZ[k µ pkj eq[k gSa ftlosQ (czg~ek)

5- 'kCn lewg leLr lekl in dk uke

(d) Hkyk gS tks ekul Hkykekul deZ/kj; ([k) rhu jaxksa dk lekgkj frjaxk n~foxq (x) xkS osQ fy, 'kkyk xkS'kkyk rRiq#"k (?k) ihr gSa vacj ftlosQ ihrkacj cgqozhfg (Ä) isV Hkjdj HkjisV rRiq#"k (p) fcuk reh”k osQ cnreh”k vO;;hHkko (N) /eZ vkSj v/eZ /eZ&v/eZ n~oan~o (t) xt gS vkuu ftldk xtkuu cgqozhfg (>) vkB vè;k;ksa dk lewg v"Vkè;k; n~foxq (×k) ty esa eXu tyeXu rRiq#"k (V) o`Q".k gS tks liZ o`Q".kliZ deZ/kj; (B) flj esa nnZ fljnnZ rRiq#"k (M) iki vkSj iq.; iki&iq.; n~oan~o (<) pozQ gS ikf.k esa ftlosQ (fo".kq) pozQikf.k cgqozhfg (.k) fon~;k :ih /u fon~;k/u deZ/kj;


(r) pkj vkuksa dk lewg poUuh n~foxq (Fk) ;'k dks izkIr ;'kizkIr rRiq#"k (n) dey osQ leku u;u deyu;u deZ/kj; (èk) dk;ns osQ lkFk ckdk;nk vO;;hHkko (u) uk;d vkSj ukf;dk uk;d&ukf;dk n~oan~o 6- lekl&foxzg lekl dk uke (d) ozQks/ :ih vfXu deZ/kj; lekl ([k) egku gS tks jktk deZ/kj; (x) lR; ;k vlR; n~oan~o (?k) 'k=kq iSnk ugha gqvk gS ftldk cgqozhfg (Ä) e`R;q dks thrk gS ftlus cgqozhfg (p) lkr inksa dk lewg n~foxq (N) ukS jkf=kvksa dk lekgkj n~foxq (t) iz/ku gS tks ea=kh deZ/kj; (>) uj:ih ¯lg deZ/kj; (×k) lkr fnuksa dk lewg n~foxq (V) cqjk gS tks iq=k deZ/kj; (B) ou esa okl vf/dj.k rRiq#"k (M) 'kd osQ fcuk vO;;hHkko lekl (<) volj osQ vuqlkj vO;;hHkko lekl (.k) leqnz rd vO;;hHkko (r) xxu dks pweus okyk deZ rRiq#"k (Fk) iznw"k.k ls jfgr viknku rRiq#"k (n) panz gS f'k[kj ij ftlosQ cgqozhfg (/) tUe ;k e`R;q n~oan~o (u) pfj=k ls ghu viknku rRiq#"k

qq


15- laKk 1- fdlh O;fDr] izk.kh] oLrq] LFkku ;k Hkko osQ uke dk cks/ djkus

okys 'kCn dks ^laKk* dgrs gSa] tSlsµisafly] jk/k] HkhM+] ikuh vkfnA

2- O;fDrokpd laKk tkfrokpd laKk Hkkookpd laKk izsepan bulku mRlkg vtesj iq"i my>u x.ks'k lsuk O;kidrk ckiw egkHkkjr [kjxks'k 3- Hkkookpd laKkµ(d) LokLF; ([k) vgadkj (x) oS/O;

(?k) f'k{k.k 4- izR;; tksM+dj Hkkookpd laKk cukb,A (d) cqukbZ ([k) xjhch (x) /edh (?k) lH;rk (Ä) futrk (p) LrC/rk (N) prqjkbZ (t) e/qjrk (>) e”knwjh (×k) liQyrk (V) O;koqQyrk (B) n{krk 5- (d) feBkl ([k) v¯glk (x) vgadkj (?k) ikS#"k@iq#"kRo (Ä) /edh

qq

16- ¯yx 1- ykseM+h] fxygjh] eD[kh] eNyh] dks;y 2- (d) us=kh osQ vkrs gh lHkk vkjaHk gks xbZA ([k) ?kj esa ukSdj >kM+w yxk jgk gSA (x) dfo&lEesyu esa cgqr&lh dof;f=k;ksa us dfork,¡ lqukb±A


(?k) eSjkFku esa Hkkjr osQ /kodksa us thr gkfly dhA (Ä) eknk phrk f'kdkjh dks ns[kdj Hkkx jgh FkhA 3- (d) vkbu µ iafMrkbu] BoqQjkbu ([k) buh µ gafluh] ;'kfLouh (x) bZ µ ukuh] igkM+h (?k) orh µ /uorh] Hkxorh (Ä) bdk µ ikfBdk] xkf;dk 4- L=kh¯yx 'kCn iq¯Yyx 'kCn jkoh fopkj vks<+uh eq¡g xjnu cq<+kik nkSyr uhacw iw£.kek ihiy 'kjcr jkseu 5- (d) lk/q ([k) :ioku (x) usrk (?k) tkV (Ä) vxzt (p) fMCck (N) vk;q"eku (t) cSy (>) ykyk (×k) canj

qq

17- opu 1- 'kCn osQ ftl :i ls mlosQ ,d ;k vusd gksus dk cks/ gks]

mls ^opu* dgrs gSaA opu nks izdkj osQ gksrs gSaµ 1- ,dopu 2- cgqopu mnkgj.kµ ,dopuµiqLrd] oqQlhZ cgqopuµiqLrosaQ] oqQ£l;k¡


2- lnSo ,dopu jgus okys ik¡p 'kCn gSaµ turk] iztk] o"kkZ] lR;] vkdk'k

(d) turk µ ns'k dh turk vius lgh iSQlys ls ns'k dks cuk ldrh gSA

([k) iztk µ vPNs jktk dk lEeku iztk ges'kk djrh jgh gSA (x) o"kkZ µ lqcg ls gh ewlyk/kj o"kkZ gks jgh gSA (?k) lR; µ lR; opu dY;k.kdkjh gksrk gSA (Ä) vkdk'k µ jkf=k osQ le; vkdk'k esa pk¡n nh;s osQ leku

fVefVek jgk FkkA 3- cM+ksa osQ izfr vknj&lEeku] f'k"Vrk] cM+Iiu izdV djus osQ

fy, rFkk {ksf=k;rk osQ pyrs dbZ ckj ,dopu osQ LFkku ij cgqopu dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] mnkgj.kµ

1- egkRek xka/h vkt Hkh gekjs fy, iwT; gSaA 2- egkjk.kk izrki esokM+ osQ jktk FksA 3- gekjs ek¡&firk th gesa btk”kr ugha nsaxsA 4- eq>s mEehn Fkh fd vki ,slk gh djsaxsA 4- (d) ckrsa ([k) jhfr;k¡ (x) dyk (?k) f[kM+fd;k¡ (Ä) vè;kidx.k (p) iztk (N) i{kh (t) iafDr;k¡ (>) vehj 5- (d) vkleku esa mM+rh iraxsa dV dj fxj xb±A ([k) eq>s ugha yxrk fd os fdlh dke ls b/j&m/j x, gksaxsA (x) lPpk ohj iq#"k /hj] xaHkhj vkSj vk”kkn gksrk gSA (?k) os rqels feydj cgqr [kq'k gksaxsA (Ä) ,d ckj ge cl esa lI+kQj dj jgs FksA 6- (d) jhfr;ksa ([k) xjeh NqV~fV;k¡ (x) /DosQ (?k) ;qokoxZ (Ä) dFkkvksa

qq


18- dkjd 1- okD; esa iz;qDr laKk vFkok loZuke inksa dk tks :i mudk

laca/ fozQ;k osQ lkFk crkrk gS] og ^dkjd* dgykrk gS] tSlsµ ek¡ us pkowQ ls iQy dkVkA

2- dkjd vkB izdkj osQ gksrs gSaµ drkZ µ us viknku µ ls (vyx gksus osQ vFkZ esa) deZ µ dks laca/ µ dk] osQ] dh] jk] jh] js] uk] uh] us dj.k µ ls] osQ n~okjk vf/dj.k µ esa] ij laiznku µ osQ fy, lacks/u µ gs] vjs] vks 3- dj.k vkSj viknku dkjd esa varj dj.k vkSj viknkuµnksuksa dkjdksa esa ^ls* ijlxZ dk iz;ksx fd;k

tkrk gS ijarq dj.k dkjd esa ^ls* ijlxZ dk iz;ksx lk/u osQ vFkZ esa fd;k tkrk gS] tSlsµ eSa dye ls fy[krk gw¡A tcfd viknku dkjd esa ^ls* ijlxZ dk iz;ksx vyx gksus osQ Hkko osQ lkFk&lkFk Mjus] rqyuk djus] lh[kus] ?k`.kk djus vkfn osQ Hkkoksa dks O;Dr djus osQ fy, iz;qDr gksrk gS] tSlsµdk£rd Js"B ls yack gSA

4- tc okD; esa drkZ n~okjk oqQN fozQ;k dh tkrh gS ;k oqQN fn;k tkrk gS rks ml fozQ;k dks djus okys vFkok nsus okys laKk@loZuke inksa osQ :i dks izdV djus okyk 'kCn laiznku dkjd gksrk gSA tcfd laKk ;k loZuke osQ ftl in ij fozQ;k dk izHkko iM+rk gS] mls deZ dkjd dgrs gSa] tSlsµ

deZ dkjd µ lisjs us lk¡i dks upk;kA laiznku dkjd µ efgyk us Hkw[ks dks Hkkstu fn;kA 5- cStw dk] o"kZ osQ] ifjJe ij] cnys dh] gkFk esa] xq# dh]

cStw us] [kwu dk] vkxjk osQ] ck”kkjksa esa] jkgxhjksa us] flj ij] rkulsu ls] 'krZ dh] igq¡pus lsA


6- (d) gs izHkq! µ lacks/u dkjd ([k) ehrw dk µ laca/ dkjd (x) yqVsjksa us] iqfyl dks µ drkZ dkjd] deZ dkjd (?k) lfpu ls µ viknku dkjd (Ä) gokbZ tgk”k ls µ dj.k dkjd (p) cPpksa dks µ deZ dkjd (N) f[kM+dh ls µ dj.k dkjd (t) vyekjh esa µ vf/dj.k dkjd

qq

19- loZuke 1- loZuke dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ gSµlcdk ukeA laKk osQ LFkku ij

iz;qDr gksus okys 'kCn ^loZuke* dgykrs gSaA 2- loZuke osQ N% Hksn gksrs gSaµ 1- iq#"kokpd loZuke µ rqe vkt fon~;ky; ugha x,A 2- fu'p;okpd loZuke µ ;g irax esjh gSA 3- vfu'p;okpd loZuke µ ckgj dksbZ [kM+k gSA 4- laca/okpd loZuke µ tgk¡ pkg ogk¡ jkgA 5- iz'uokpd loZuke µ ;g dk¡p fdlus rksM+k\ 6- futokpd loZuke µ eSa lkjk dke Lo;a djrk gw¡A 3- mRre iq#"kokpd eè;e iq#"kokpd vU; iq#"kokpd loZuke loZuke loZuke esjk rqe mldk eSa rqels mlls eq>s vki og eq>ls mlus eSaus mldh 4- (d) esjk ([k) Lo;a (x) ftldh] mldh (?k) dksbZ (Ä) eSa

(p) og (N) oqQN


5- (d) tks--- og µ laca/okpd loZuke ([k) dkSu µ iz'uokpd loZuke (x) vkidk µ eè;e iq#"kokpd loZuke (?k) esjk µ mRre iq#"kokpd loZuke 6- fon~;kFkhZ js[kkafdr 'kCnksa osQ LFkku ij fuEufyf[kr loZukeksa dk

iz;ksx djsaµ viuk (;qf/f"Bj dk)] mUgksaus (vtqZu us)] og (fp=kkaxnk)]

vius (fp=kkaxnk osQ)] mldk (fp=kkaxnk dk iq=k) 7- (d) vki vius ?kj x, FksA ([k) fdldk ?kj gekjs fon~;ky; osQ ikl gS\ (x) ns[kks] ikuh esa D;k iM+ x;k gS\ (?k) rqe viuk dke dj ysukA (Ä) tks ifjJe djsxk] og liQy gksxkA

qq

20- fo'ks"k.k 1- laKk ;k loZuke osQ :i] xq.k] la[;k] ek=kk] ifjek.k vkfn dh

fo'ks"krk crkus okys 'kCn ^fo'ks"k.k* dgykrs gSaA fo'ks"k.k osQ pkj Hksn gksrs gSaµ 1- xq.kokpd fo'ks"k.kµtSlsµ

eksVh&eksVh fdrkcsa 2- ifjek.kokpd fo'ks"k.kµtSlsµnks yhVj rsy 3- la[;kokpd fo'ks"k.kµtSlsµpkj osQys 4- lkoZukfed fo'ks"k.kµtSlsµesjk HkkbZ fot;h gqvkA

2- laKk osQ LFkku ij iz;qDr gksus okys 'kCn loZuke dgykrs gSa rFkk tks loZuke laKk ls igys vkdj mldh fo'ks"krk crkrs gSa] os ^lkoZukfed fo'ks"k.k* dgykrs gSa_ tSlsµ

(i) ;g esjh iqLrd gSA (ii) os tk jgs gSaA (loZuke) (i) ;g iqLrd esjh gSA (ii) os yM+osQ tk jgs gSaA

(lkoZukfed fo'ks"k.k) 3- p£pr] Lej.kh;] iFkjhyk] ikSjkf.kd] 'kkL=kh;] ppsjk] /uh]

iSr`d] bZekunkjh] uSfrd] ukxfjd] o¡QVhyk


4- laKk vFkok loZuke 'kCn ftudh fo'ks"krk crkrs gSa] mUgsa fo'ks"; dgrs gSaA

(d) pkcqd ([k) f'k[kj (x) yksVs (?k) n`'; (Ä) uhe dk o`{k

5- (d) ,d fdyks tysch µ fuf'pr ifjek.kokpd ([k) lkr iqLrosaQ µ fuf'pr la[;kokpd (x) oqQN fon~;kFkhZ µ vfuf'pr la[;kokpd (?k) vk/k fxykl µ fuf'pr ifjek.kokpd (Ä) nks yhVj rsy µ fuf'pr ifjek.kokpd (p rhu ehVj diM+s µ fuf'pr ifjek.kokpd (N) cgqr iQy µ vfuf'pr la[;kokpd (t) pkj fdyks phuh µ fuf'pr ifjek.kokpd 6- (d) lqanj&lqanj µ xq.kokpd fo'ks"k.k ([k) ubZ&uosyh µ xq.kokpd fo'ks"k.k (x) bZekunkj µ xq.kokpd fo'ks"k.k (?k) rhu lkS lkB iQhV] rhl iQhV µ fuf'pr ifjek.kokpd yack] pkSM+k µ xq.kokpd (Ä) cksyrh@ewd µ xq.kokpd igyh cksyrh µ fuf'pr la[;kokpd dbZ ewd µ vfuf'pr la[;kokpd 7- ewykoLFkk mRrjkoLFkk mRrekoLFkk Js"B derj laqnjre n`<+ vf/drj e/qjre dksey mPprj fuEure fiz;re

qq


21- fozQ;k 1- tks fozQ;k deZ dh vis{kk ugha j[krh] mls vdeZd fozQ;k dgrs

gSa_ tSlsµcPpk [ksy jgk gSA ftu fozQ;kvksa esa deZ dh vis{kk gksrh gS vFkok deZ ik;k tkrk

gS] os ldeZd fozQ;k,¡ dgykrh gSa] tSlsµjktho fp=k cukrk gSA 2- iwoZdkfyd fozQ;k µ 1- csVk] [kkuk [kkdj pys tkukA 2- uohu us Hkkxdj cl idM+hA izsj.kkFkZd fozQ;k µ 1- ek¡ us ekyh ls ikS/s yxok,A 2- ulZ jksxh dks nok fiykrh gSA 3- ns[k] tek] g¡l] jks] [kjhn] ih] >we] ygjk] Hkhx] dkVA 4- (d) lqykrh ([k) dj (x) feyus (?k) fl[kkbZ (Ä) thrk (p) fiyokrk (N) Hkkx (t) ykvksA 5- (d) jksus yxh µ vdeZd ([k) ns[kh µ ldeZd (n~fodeZd) (x) fy[kha µ ldeZd (?k) ukpus yxs µ vdeZd (Ä) pyk x;k µ vdeZd (p) flyok, µ izsj.kkFkZd fozQ;k (N) lqukus yxs µ ldeZd fozQ;k (t) p<+k, tkrs gSa µ ldeZd fozQ;k 6- (d) ek¡ ukSdjkuh ls xsgw¡ filok jgh gSA ([k) ekfyu ekyh ls iwQy ekyk,¡ cuokdj ck”kkj esa cspus

xbZA (x) ek¡ us vuqHko dks vk;k ls [kkuk f[kyokdj [ksyus Hkst fn;kA (?k) jk[kh ek¡ dks xhrk ls xhr lquok jgh gSA (Ä) vè;kfidk Nk=k dks ¯gnh i<+k jgh gSA 7- (d) gks jgk Fkk µ la;qDr fozQ;k ([k) lfB;k µ uke/krq fozQ;k


(x) cM+cM+kus µ uke/krq (?k) Fkddj µ iwoZdkfyd (Ä) djok;k µ izsj.kkFkZd (p) djokrk µ izsj.kkFkZd (N) ugkdj µ iwoZdkfyd (t) ejrh µ ldeZd fozQ;k (>) [kkuk [kk;k µ la;qDr fozQ;k (×k) >qByk µ uke/krq 8- (d) esyk ([k) vVSph (x) p'ek (?k) fozQosQV (Ä) fp=k (p) rkjhI+kQ (N) laifRr (t) jDr 9- (d) fy;k Fkk ([k) jgh gSa (x) yxs (?k) fy;k (Ä) x, (p) [kM+k gqvk (N) jgk Fkk (t) pys x,A 10- (d) cfr;kuk ([k) FkjFkjkuk (x) yypkuk (?k) 'kekZuk (Ä) nunukuk (p) ytkuk (N) yiyikuk (t) xquxqukuk (>) o¡Qio¡Qikuk (×k) pdjkuk 11- (d) vjs! fctyh pyh xbZA ([k) cl vM~Ms ls cl py iM+h@fudy xbZA (x) cPpksa us [kkuk [kk fy;kA (?k) bl ckj ”kksj ls o"kkZ gksus yxhA (Ä) vfHk"ksd t;iqj pyk x;kA

qq

22- dky 1- fozQ;k osQ djus ;k gksus osQ le; dks ^dky* dgrs gSaA dky osQ

eq[;r% rhu Hksn gksrs gSaµ 1- Hkwrdky µ vè;kid us ikB i<+k;k FkkA 2- orZeku dky µ ;rhu i<+ jgk gSA 3- Hkfo";r~ dky µ dykdkj fp=k cuk,xkA


2- orZeku dky osQ Hksnµ d- lkekU; orZeku dky µ 1- cPps ikoZQ esa [ksyrs gSaA 2- i{kh Mkfy;ksa ij pgpgkrs gSaA [k- viw.kZ orZeku dky µ 1- 'ksj taxy esa f'kdkj dj jgk gSA 2- eSnku esa [ksy py jgk gSA x- lafnX/ orZeku dky µ 1- moZ'kh eap ij u`R; djrh gksxhA 2- iqtkjh eafnj esa iwtk djrk gksxkA Hkfo";r~ dky osQ Hksnµ 1- lkekU; Hkfo";r~ dky µ 1- psrkyh lcdks 'kjcr fiyk,xhA 2- cPps [ksy izfr;ksfxrk esa Hkkx ysaxsA 2- laHkkO; Hkfo";r~ dky µ 1- 'kk;n ge ebZ ekl esa ?kweus tk,¡A 2- 'kk;n esjh lgsyh vkt ?kj vk,A 3- (d) viw.kZ orZeku 1- vè;kid cPpksa dks i<+k jgk gSA 2- jru dk;Z dj jgk gSA ([k) laHkkO; Hkfo";r~ 1- 'kk;n ge ?kweus tk,¡xsA 2- 'kk;n dy o"kkZ vk tk,A (x) lafnX/ Hkwrdky 1- ukSdj us cPpksa dks [kkuk ns fn;k gksxkA 2- Js"B us fuca/ i<+ fy;k gksxkA (?k) vklUu Hkwrdky 1- eksgu ck”kkj x;k gSA 2- iq=k us ekrk th dks i=k fy[k fn;k gSA (Ä) lafnX/ orZeku 1- moZ'kh eap ij u`R; djrh gksxhA 2- vfHkizK fxVkj ctk jgk gksxkA


(p) gsrqgsrqen~ Hkwrdky 1- ;fn o"kkZ gksrh rks iQly vPNh gksrhA 2- vxj rqe vkrs rks eSa ”k:j pyrkA 4- (d) c<+k µ Hkwrdky (p) nsrk gw¡ µ orZeku dky ([k) ;ksxnku fn;k gS µ orZeku (N) vk xbZ µ Hkwrdky (x) pkfg, µ Hkfo";r~ (t) dk¡i mBk µ Hkwrdky (?k) deh u Fkh µ Hkwrdky (>) djrk gS µ orZeku dky (Ä) ys ysuk µ Hkfo";r~ (×k) igu yh µ Hkwrdky 5- (d) orZeku dky µ cl lfn;ksa osQ fu'kku fy, gq, gSA Hkfo";r~ dky µ cl lfn;ksa osQ fu'kku fy, gq, gksxhA ([k) Hkwrdky µ okLro esa i=k fdlh nLrkos”k ls de

ugha FkkA Hkfo";r~ dky µ okLro esa i=k fdlh nLrkos”k ls de

ugha gksxkA (x) Hkwrdky µ fLFkfr vxj ,slh Fkh] rks okLro esa

¯prk dk fo"k; FkkA Hkfo";r~ dky µ fLFkfr vxj ,slh gksxh] rks okLro esa

¯prk dk fo"k; gksxkA (?k) Hkfo";r~ dky µ esjs fxM+fxM+kus dk dksbZ fo'ks"k vlj

ugha iM+sxkA orZeku µ esjs fxM+fxM+kus dk dksbZ fo'ks"k vlj

ugha iM+ jgk gSA (Ä) Hkwrdky µ os efgykvksa dh cjkcjh ugha dj losQA orZeku dky µ os efgykvksa dh cjkcjh ugha dj

ldrs gSaA 6- (d) lekIr gks tk,¡xh ([k) ys x, (x) pkgrh gw¡ (?k) f?kj x;k (Ä) ?kweus tk,¡xs (p) pyk (N) ped jgh gS (N) ?kweus tk,¡xs (t) ys losQxkA

qq


23- fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k 1- Hkk"kk esa ,sls 'kCn ftuesa ¯yx] opu rFkk dkjd osQ dkj.k dksbZ

ifjorZu ugha gksrk] os vO;;@vfodkjh 'kCn dgykrs gSaA 2- jhfrokpd fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k esa fozQ;k osQ gksus dh jhfr dk irk

pyrk gS_ tSlsµ vpkud gh ckfj'k vkus yxhA ifjek.kokpd fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k esa fozQ;k dh ek=kk osQ ckjs esa irk

pyrk gS_ tSlsµ og FkksM+k gh py ldhA 3- (d) /hjs ([k) vpkud (x) rs”k (?k) ,dk,d (Ä) ”kksjksa ls (p) tYnh (N) izkr% (t) jkrHkj 4- (d) (i) esjs firk th dy 'kke 5%30 cts ykSVsA (ii) ijh{kk osQ nkSjku ehjk lqcg ls 'kke rd i<+rh jghA ([k) (i) isM+ ij cSBs lHkh i{kh mM+ x,A (ii) unh osQ pkjksa vksj pgy&igy gSA (x) (i) mruk [kkvks] ftruk ipk ikvksA (ii) eSa fcyoqQy Fkd xbZ gw¡A (?k) (i) gkFkh eLr pky ls py jgk gSA (ii) cPps osQ ”kksj&”kksj ls jksus ij ek¡ pkSad xbZA 5- (d) pkj µ fo'ks"k.k ([k) ”kksj ls µ fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k (x) ”kksj&”kksj ls µ fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k (?k) oqQN µ fo'ks"k.k (Ä) esjk µ fo'ks"k.k (p) /hjs&/hjs µ fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k (N) vPNk µ fo'ks"k.k (t) vPNk µ fo'ks"k.k


6- 'kCn Hksn (d) tYnh jhfrokpd fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k ([k) unh osQ fdukjs LFkkuokpd fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k (x) cgqr ifjek.kokpd fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k (?k) dy dkyokpd fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k (Ä) ”;knk ifjek.kokpd fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k (p) /hjs&/hjs jhfrokpd fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k

qq

24- laca/cks/d 1- os vfodkjh 'kCn tks laKk ;k loZuke osQ lkFk vkdj mudk

laca/ okD; osQ vU; 'kCnksa osQ lkFk izdV djrs gSa] os lacaèkcks/d

vO;; dgykrs gSa_ tSlsµ

esjs fon~;ky; osQ lkeus cgqr lqanj bekjr gSA

2- (d) osQ ckgj ([k) osQ f[kykI+kQ

(x) osQ dkj.k (?k) osQ fo#n~/

(Ä) osQ lkFk (p) osQ dkj.k

(N) osQ lkFk (t) igys

3- dh rjg µ gesa xka/h th dh rjg fln~/karksa dk ikyu

djuk pkfg,A

osQ flok; µ va/s ekrk&firk dk vius iq=k osQ flok; vkSj

dksbZ lgkjk u FkkA

osQ lgkjs µ og lh<+h osQ lgkjs mQij p<+ x;kA

osQ lehi µ unh osQ lehi ,d fdlku&ifjokj jgrk FkkA

ls nwj µ vLirky vkSj fon~;ky; 'kksj&'kjkcs ls nwj gksus

pkfg,A


4- (d) osQ ikl ([k) osQ dkj.k (x) osQ f[kykI+kQ (?k) osQ ihNs (Ä) osQ ihNs (p) ls igys (N) osQ iklA

qq

25- leqPp;cks/d 1- 'kCnksa] okD;ka'kksa rFkk okD;ksa dks tksM+us okys 'kCn leqPp;cks/d

dgykrs gSaA mnkgj.kµeSaus [kwc i<+kbZ dh vkSj vPNs vad izkIr fd,A

2- nks ;k vf/d leku fLFkfr okys 'kCnksa] inca/ksa] miokD;ksa ;k okD;ksa dks tksM+us okys 'kCnksa dks lekukf/dj.k leqPp;cks/d dgrs gSa tcfd ,d ;k ,d ls vf/d vkfJr okD;ksa dks iz/ku okD; ls tksM+us dk dk;Z djus okys 'kCn O;f/dj.k leqPp;cks/d dgykrs gSaA mnkgj.kµ

lekukf/dj.k leqPp;cks/dµtYnh pyks ugha rks nsj gks tk,xhA O;f/dj.k leqPp;cks/dµeSa ?kj tk jgk gw¡ D;ksafd eq>s x`gdk;Z djuk gSA

3- (d) drq ([k) blfy, (x) vkSj (?k) ugha rks (Ä) D;ksafd (p) rkfd (N) ;k (t) fd (>) blfy, (×k) ysfdu@¯drqA 4- (d) ijarq µ eSaus rqEgsa cgqr le>k;k ijarq rqe ugha le>sA ([k) ¯drqq µ pksj dks cgqr Mjk;k&/edk;k ¯drq mlus

viuk vijk/ Lohdkj ugha fd;kA (x) blfy, µ cPpk Hkw[kk gS blfy, mls Hkkstu pkfg,A (?k) vr% µ og tYnh esa Fkk vr% cl u idM+ ldkA (Ä) rkfd µ ifjJe djks rkfd vPNs vad ik ldksA (p) T;ksa gh---R;ksa gh µ eSa T;ksa gh ?kj ls fudyk R;ksa gh

f'koe~ ls eqykdkr gks xbZA


5- (d) dkO;k n~okjdk esa jgrh gS blfy, esVªks ls dukWV Iysl tkrh gSA

([k) johuk xkus dk vH;kl dj jgh gS D;ksafd mls izfr;ksfxrk esa Hkkx ysuk gSA

(x) og le; ij LVs'ku igq¡pk ijarq cgu ls ugha fey ldkA (?k) foosd i<+ jgk gS rkfd ijh{kk esa izFke vk losQA (Ä) ge lqcg ?kweus tk,¡xs blfy, rqe tYnh vk tkukA

qq

26- foLe;kfncks/d 1- okD; esa iz;ksx fd, x, ftu 'kCnksa ls g"kZ] ozQks/] 'kksd]

vk'p;Z] ?k`.kk] mYykl vkfn Hkkokosx izdV gksrs gSa] mUgsa foLe;kfncks/d vO;; dgrs gSaA ;s vkB izdkj osQ gksrs gSaµ

1- foLe;cks/d 2- g"kZcks/d 3- 'kksd@ihM+kcks/d 4- ?k`.kk@frjLdkjcks/d 5- psrkouhcks/d 6- Loho`Qfrcks/d 7- vk'khokZncks/d 8- lacks/ucks/dA 2- vks! µ vks! cspkjs osQ lkFk cgqr cqjk gqvkA vPNk! µ vPNk! rqe pyks] eSa igq¡prk gw¡A D;k! µ D;k! eatqyk d{kk esa izFke vkbZ gS\ f/o~Q! µ f/o~Q gS! rqEgkjs vgadkj dksA f/o~Q gS! rqEgkjh djuh ijA vkg! µ vkg! esjs iSjksa esa cgqr nnZ gSA lp! µ lp! rqe okn&fookn esa izFke vk, gksA 3- (d) fN%! ([k) vjs@lquks! (x) okg! (?k) vksg! (Ä) fN%! (p) vksg! (N) thrs jgks! (t) vksg! (vk'p;Zcks/d) (>) gk;! (×k) vgk&gk! 4- (d) dk'k! ([k) cki js! (x) tkvks&tkvks (?k-) mI+kQ!

(Ä) D;k!qq


27- fuikr

1- ,sls vO;; tks fdlh 'kCn osQ ckn yxdj mlosQ vFkZ ij fo'ks"k cy nsrs gSa] fuikr dgykrs gSaA

gh µ eq>s vkt gh fon~;ky; tkuk gSA lk µ fdruk I;kjk&lk MkWxh gS! 2- (d) gh ([k) Hkh (x) osQoy (?k) gh (Ä) Hkh (p) rks@gh (N) lk 3- rks µ rqEgsa rks fdruk le>k yks] oqQN le> esa ugha vkrkA osQoy µ osQoy ikB i<+us ls oqQN ugha gksxk] mls le>uk Hkh

iM+sxkA gh µ eSa ek¡ osQ lkFk gh ck”kkj tkm¡QxhA Hkh µ rqe Hkh gekjs lkFk pyksA rd µ vHkh rd rqeus x`gdk;Z ugha fd;kA ek=k µ ek=k ik¡p #i, esa D;k gksxk\ 4- (d) rks@gh@Hkh ([k) rd (x) rks (?k) ek=k (Ä) Hkj

qq

28- in&ifjp;

1- okD; esa vk, 'kCnksa dk O;kdjf.kd ifjp; nsuk in&ifjp; dgykrk gSA

2- in&ifjp; nsrs le; okD; esa vk, inksa dk laKk] loZuke] fo'ks"k.k] fozQ;k] fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k] laca/cks/d] leqPp;cks/d] foLe;kfncks/d vkfn dh n`f"V ls ifjp; nsuk pkfg,A

mnkgj.kµ eSa dy gh fnYyh ls ykSVk gw¡A eSa µ mRre iq#"kokpd loZuke


¯yx µ iq¯Yyx opu µ ,dopu] ^ykSVk gw¡* fozQ;k dk drkZ dkjd µ viknku (fnYyh ls) 3- (d) v¡/sjh µ xq.kokpd fo'ks"k.k ¯yx µ L=kh¯yx opu µ ,dopu] ^xqI+kQk* fo'ks"; dk fo'ks"k.k lk¡i µ tkfrokpd laKk ¯yx µ iq¯Yyx opu µ ,dopu ([k) eSa µ mRre iq#"kokpd loZuke ¯yx µ L=kh¯yx opu µ ,dopu ^fxjh* fozQ;k dk drkZ fxjh µ vdeZd fozQ;k dky µ Hkwrdky] ^eSa* drkZ dh fozQ;k opu µ ,dopu ¯yx µ L=kh¯yx (x) cgrs&cgrs µ jhfrokpd fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k ^igq¡ph* fozQ;k dk fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k] vdeZd fozQ;k uxj µ tkfrokpd laKk opu µ ,dopu ¯yx µ iq¯Yyx (?k) iqjkuh] ,sfrgkfld µ xq.kokpd fo'ks"k.k ^ph”kksa* fo'ks"; osQ fo'ks"k.k opu µ cgqopu ¯yx µ iq¯Yyx laxzg µ fØ;k opu µ ,dopu ¯yx µ iq¯Yyx


(Ä) okgokgh µ foLe;kfncks/d Hkko µ g"kZ dk Hkko (p) VwV iM+s µ ldeZd fozQ;k opu µ cgqopu dky µ Hkwrdky ^yksx* drkZ dh fozQ;k ^uy* µ fozQ;k dk deZ ij µ vf/dj.k dkjd (N) cPps µ tkfrokpd laKk opu µ cgqopu ¯yx µ iq¯Yyx fpYyk µ vdeZd fozQ;k opu µ ,dopu ¯yx µ iq¯Yyx dky µ Hkwrdky ^cPps* drkZ dh fozQ;k (t) ;s µ fu'p;okpd loZuke ^Hkxoku* fo'ks"; dk fo'ks"k.k opu µ cgqopu ¯yx µ iq¯Yyx Mkfd, µ tkfrokpd laKk opu µ cgqopu ¯yx µ iq¯Yyx (>) Jn~/k µ Hkkookpd laKk opu µ ,dopu ¯yx µ L=kh¯yx (×k) b/j&m/j µ LFkkuokpd fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k


4- (d) vfHkizK µ O;fDrokpd laKk] ,dopu] iq¯Yyx ek¡] vè;kfidk µ tkfrokpd laKk µ ,dopu] L=kh¯yx ([k) mlus µ vU; iq#"kokpd loZuke opu µ ,dopu ¯yx µ iq¯Yyx fe=k] iqLrd µ tkfrokpd laKk opu µ ,dopu ¯yx µ L=kh¯yx (x) esjk µ mRre iq#"kokpd loZuke opu µ ,d ¯yx µ iq¯Yyx fe=k tkfrokpd laKk xk;d iq¯Yyx] ,dopu vPNk µ fo'ks"k.k ^xk;d* fo'ks"; dk fo'ks"k.k ,dopu] iq¯Yyx (?k) pk;iRrh µ tkfrokpd laKk ykWosQV µ tkfrokpd laKk feyk µ ldeZd fozQ;k eqÝ+ r µ jhfrokpd fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k ^feyk* fozQ;k dk fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k (Ä) rqe µ eè;eiq#"kokpd loZuke ,dopu] iq¯Yyx pk;@dkWI+kQh µ tkfrokpd laKk L=kh¯yx] ,dopu (p) nnZ µ Hkkookpd laKk ,dopu] iq¯Yyx


(N) vkbZúihú,y µ O;fDrokpd laKk MsDdu pktZlZ µ O;fDrokpd laKk Vhe µ tkfrokpd laKk thr µ Hkkookpd laKk] ,dopu] iq¯Yyx (t) ';ke µ O;fDrokpd laKk] ,dopu] iq¯Yyx ?kj µ tkfrokpd laKk] ,dopu] iq¯Yyx igq¡p x;k µ drkZ dh fozQ;k] ldeZd] Hkwrdky cgu ls µ viknku dkjd (>) jk/k µ O;fDrokpd laKk] ,dopu] L=kh¯yx u`R;kaxuk µ tkfrokpd laKk] ,dopu] L=kh¯yx (×k) Js"B µ O;fDrokpd laKk] ,dopu] iq¯Yyx cqn~f/eku µ fo'ks"k.k (xq.kokpd)] ^Js"B* fo'ks"; dk fo'ks"k.k

qq

29- okD;&fopkj 1- O;kdj.k osQ vuqlkj okD; esa vkdka{kk] ;ksX;rk] fudVrk]

inozQe rFkk vUo; laca/h xq.k gksus pkfg,A ,d vPNk okD; ogh gS] tks oDrk osQ Hkkoksa ;k fopkjksa dks iw.kZ:i ls Li"V djus esa liQy gksA

2- vFkZ osQ vk/kj ij okD; osQ vkB Hksn gksrs gSaµ 1- fo/kuokpd okD; 2- fu"ks/okpd 3- iz'uokpd 4- vkKkokpd 5- lansgokpd 6- laosQrokpd 7- bPNkokpd 8- foLe;kfnokpd okD;A 3- (d) ;ksX;rkµinksa esa fufgr vFkZ dk Kku djkus dh {kerk dks

;ksX;rk dgrs gSa_ tSlsµjke LowQy tkrk gSA


([k) vkdka{kkµfdlh okD; esa vkus okys inksa dks tkuus dh bPNk vkdka{kk dgykrh gSA ;fn fdlh okD; esa drkZ osQ ckn v/wjk okD; gS rks ikBd ;g lkspsxk fd vkxs dkSu ls 'kCn gksaxsA tSlsµjke --------- tk,xkA

;g v/wjk okD; gSA blesa ikBd dks ;g tkuus dh bPNk gksxhA jke dgk¡ tk,xk\ LowQy] ikoZQ] ;k dgha vkSjA

(x) inozQeµokD; esa iz;ksx fd, tkus okys lHkh 'kCnksa dk ozQe fuf'pr gksrk gSA ;fn okD; esa inksa dk ozQe lgh ugha gS rks vFkZ Li"V ugha gksxkA vr% gesa okD; cukrs le; bu xq.kksa dk è;ku j[kuk pkfg,A tSlsµfy[kk dkWih esa ,d okD; ljy jk/k usA

mi;qZDr okD; dk vFkZ i<+us esa gesa Li"V ugha gSA vr% ;g okD; bl izdkj ls gksuk pkfg,A

jk/k us ,d ljy okD; dkWih esa fy[kkA

4- (d) 'kCnksa ([k) mn~ns';@fo/s; (x) dk foLrkj (?k) jpuk@vFkZ (Ä) ljy] la;qDr] feJ (p) fo'ks"k.k

(N) drkZ] deZ] fozQ;k (t) drkZ

5- (d) t;k µ mn~ns'; viuh lf[k;ksa osQ lkFk esyk ns[kus xbZ µ fo/s; ([k) panzek osQ leku lqanj panzys[kk µ fo/s; ukp jgh gSA µ mn~ns'; (x) iqfyl osQ vkus ls igys gh pksj µ fo/s; Hkkx x, µ mn~ns'; (?k) esjk HkkbZ jkgqy µ mn~ns'; cgqr ifjJeh gSA µ fo/s; (Ä) eerk dh ew£r ek¡ us µ mn~ns'; jksrs gq, cPps dks xksn esa mBk fy;kA µ fo/s;


(p) ekU;k us µ mn~ns'; vn~Hkqr izfrHkk dk izn'kZu fd;kA µ fo/s; (N) cnyw dks µ mn~ns'; xk¡o osQ lHkh cPps dkdk dgrs gSaA µ fo/s; (t) ckny] ioZr] iaNh lHkh µ mn~ns'; Hkxoku osQ Mkfd, gSaA µ fo/s; 6- (d) eSaus ,d chekj vkneh dks tkrs ns[kkA ([k) jkeu us dye ls i=k fy[kkA (x) ehuk] jtuh vkSj jksfgr ck”kkj x,A (?k) rqEgkjh ;g gkyr ns[kdj rks esjs izk.k gh fudy x,A (Ä) esjs firk th vk jgs gSaA

7- (d) inozQe ([k) vUo; (x) vUo; (?k) inozQe (Ä) vUo; (p) inozQe (N) vUo; (t) inozQeA

qq

30- v'kqn~/ okD;ksa dk la'kks/u 1- (d) ,d fxykl xje nw/ ih yksA ([k) mls Hkh vkils ckr djuh gSA (x) vkt eSaus cgqr e”kk fd;kA (?k) rwI+kQku osQ dkj.k vusd yksx ekjs x,A (Ä) mlus lkjs ?kj esa gaxkek epk fn;kA (p) eq>s nw/ dk ,d iSosQV ns nhft,A (N) eq>s BaMk nw/ ihuk ilan ugha gSA (t) esjs firk th nÝ+ rj x, gSaA 2- (d) û ([k) û (x) û (?k) ü (Ä) ü (p) û (N) û (t) ü (>) ü (×k) ü


3- (d) ¯yx laca/h ([k) in~ozQe laca/h (x) ¯yx laca/h (?k) loZuke laca/h (Ä) opu laca/h (p) yx laca/h (N) ¯yx laca/h (t) in~ozQe laca/h 4- (d) bZekunkj nwf/;k nw/ esa feykoV djrk FkkA ([k) esjs dks mudh lkM+h ilan vkbZA (x) pkjksa cPpk [ksy jgk FkkA (?k) eSaus vHkh&vHkh xUus dk jl ih, gSaA (Ä) jko.k cgqr nqtZu O;fDr FkkA (p) vkg! fdruk e/qj iQy gSA (N) D;k vki ;g fI+kQYe ns[ks gSa\ (t) eq[k esa nks us=k Hkh gksrs gSaA (>) nky rks fey x;k] ugha pkoy ugha feyhA (×k) ml d{kk esa nks Nk=k vkSj pkj Nk=kk,¡ cSBs gSaA 5- Nk=k Lo;a djsaA

qq

31- inca/] miokD; ,oa okD;&Hksn 1- inca/ dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ gSµinksa esa c¡/k gqvkA tc ,d ls

vf/d in feydj ,d bdkbZ osQ :i esa O;kdjf.kd dk;Z djrs gSa] rc os inca/ dgykrs gSaA

2- miokD; osQ nks Hksn gksrs gSaµ d- iz/ku miokD;µblesa miokD; Lora=k gksrk gS] og fdlh

nwljs miokD; ij fuHkZj ugha gksrk] tSlsµ eSaus ,d isu [kjhnk gS] ftldh L;kgh dHkh [kRe ugha gksrhA ;gk¡ ^eSaus ,d isu [kjhnk gS* Lora=k miokD; gSA

[k- vkfJr miokD;µ;g nwljs miokD; ij vkfJr gksrk gSA bl miokD; dk iwjk Hkko nwljs okD; dh lgk;rk ls gh


izdV gksrk gS] tSlsµtc dey ?kj ij vk;k] rc eSa ?kj ij ugha FkkA ;gk¡ ^tc dey ?kj ij vk;k* vkfJr miokD; gS] tks ^rc eSa ?kj ij ugha Fkk* iz/ku miokD; dh lgk;rk ls vFkZ izdV dj jgk gSA

3- vkfJr miokD; rhu izdkj osQ gksrs gSaµ (d) laKk miokD; ([k) fo'ks"k.k miokD; (x) fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k miokD; 4- jpuk osQ vk/kj ij okD; osQ rhu Hksn gksrs gSaµ (d) ljy okD; µ fdlku [ksr tksr jgk gSA ([k) la;qDr okD; µ vki pk; ih,¡xs ;k dkWI+kQhA (x) feJ okD; µ tks ehBk cksyrk gS] og lcdk fiz; gksrk gSA 5- (d) cgqr cM+k vkSj lqanj caxyk µ fo'ks"k.k inca/ ([k) taxy dk jktk 'ksj µ laKk inca/ (x) /hjs&/hjs µ fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k inca/ (?k) iaNh ?kk;y gks x;k µ fozQ;k inca/ (Ä) >qaM esa [kM+s lc µ loZuke inca/ 6- (d) f'kf{kdk i<+k&fy[kk jgh gSA ([k) xk¡o esa jgus okyk yM+dk vaxzs”kh tkurk gSA (x) rqe cSBks vkSj pk; ihvksA (?k) tc taxy esa eksj ukpk] fdlus ns[kk\ (Ä) dkys ckny Nkrs gh cjlkr gks xbZA 7- (d) bPNkokpd okD; ([k) bPNkokpd (x) iz'uokpd (?k) fu"ks/okpd (Ä) fo/kuokpdA


8- (d) D;k jk/k us Hkkstu ugha fd;k\ ([k) okg! og d{kk esa vOoy vk;k gSA (x) ckny ugha xjt jgs gSaA (?k) ;fn o"kkZ gksxh rks I+kQly vPNh gksxhA 9- (d) xk¡/h th jk"Vªfirk FksA ([k) vius diM+s Lo;a /ksrh FkhA (x) jksgu us esjh enn dhA (?k) og lc pksjh gks x;kA

qq

32- okP; 1- fozQ;k osQ ftl :i ls ;g irk pys fd og okD; esa drkZ] deZ

vFkok Hkko osQ vuqlkj iz;qDr dh xbZ gS] og ^okP;* dgykrk gSA 2- okP; osQ rhu Hksn gSaµ d- dr`ZokP;µblesa drkZ izeq[k gksrk gSA blesa fozQ;k drkZ osQ

¯yx] opu osQ vuqlkj iz;ksx dh tkrh gSA tSlsµcanj isM+ ij p<+kA [k- deZokP;µblesa drkZ dh vis{kk deZ izeq[k gksrk gSA blesa

fozQ;k deZ osQ ¯yx] opu] iq#"k] dky osQ vuq:i ifjo£rr gksrh gSA tSlsµcanj n~okjk isM+ ij p<+k x;kA

x- HkkookP;µblesa Hkko dh iz/kurk gksrh gSA HkkookP; esa fozQ;k vdeZd gksrh gS rFkk blesa Hkh drkZ osQ lkFk ls@osQ n~okjk ijlxZ yxk;k tkrk gS_ tSlsµcanj ls p<+k x;kA

3- (d) jksgu osQ n~okjk oaQI;wVj ij [ksyk tk jgk gSA ([k) vkdk'k ls i=k fy[kk tkrk gSA (x) pk¡nuh n~okjk xqfM+;k ls [ksyk tk jgk gSA (?k) ckyd ls g¡lk tk jgk gSA (Ä) lqjsanz osQ n~okjk iqLrd i<+h xbZA


(p) vfer n~okjk irax mM+kbZ tk jgh gSA (N) f'kYidkj ls ew£r x<+h tkrh gSA (t) ,eú ,iQú gqlSu n~okjk fp=k cuk;k x;kA (>) ek¡ n~okjk ck”kkj tk;k x;kA (×k) mlosQ n~okjk lqcg ls [ksyk tk jgk gSA 4- (d) HkkookP; ([k) dr`ZokP; (x) HkkookP; (?k) deZokP; (Ä) dr`ZokP; (p) dr`ZokP; (N) HkkookP; (t) dr`ZokP; (>) dr`ZokP; (×k) deZokP; 5- (d) jaxd£e;ksa ls ukVd [ksyk tkrk gSA ([k) eq>ls mBk ugha tk ldrkA (x) if{k;ksa ls ?kksalyksa esa jgk tkrk gSA (?k) cPpksa ls ;gk¡ lks;k tk,xkA (Ä) eq>ls nkSM+k ugha x;kA 6- (d) eSa fy[k ugha ikrkA ([k) jkf/dk us e/qj xhr xk;kA (x) MkWDVj us jksfx;ksa dk bykt fd;kA (?k) vPNs yksx Hkqyk, ugha tkrsA (Ä) loZQl esa tksdj yksxksa dks [kwc g¡lkrk gSA

qq

33- okD;&ifjorZu vkSj la'ys"k.k 1- okD; ifjorZu vFkZ rFkk jpuk dh n`f"V ls fd, tkrs gSaA

mnkgj.kµvFkZ dh n`f"V lsµd{kk esa 'kkafr ls cSBksA jpuk dh n`f"V lsµckfj'k gks jgh gS vkSj cPps mlesa Hkhx

jgs gSaA


2- (d) bPNkFkZd okD; ([k) lansgkFkZd okD; (x) fo/kukFkZd okD; (?k) vkKkFkZd okD; (Ä) fu"ks/kFkZd okD; (p) laosQrkFkZd okD; (N) iz'ukFkZd okD; (t) foLe;kFkZd okD; (>) iz'ukFkZd okD; (×k) fu"ks/kFkZd okD; (V) fu"ks/kFkZd okD; (B) foLe;kFkZd okD; (M) laosQrkFkZd okD; (<) lansgkFkZd okD; (.k) fo/kukFkZd okD; (r) lansgkFkZd okD; 3- (d) feJ okD; µ tSls gh o"kkZ gqbZ oSls gh lc yksx

vius&vius ?kj pys x,A ([k) la;qDr okD; µ ukuh cw<+h gSa vkSj og py ugha ldrhaA (x) ljy okD; µ ifjJeh jke vo'; liQy gksxkA (?k) ljy okD; µ mRd"kZ us d{kk esa 'kjkjr djosQ osnkar

dk uke yxk fn;kA (Ä) feJ okD; µ tSls gh ?kaVh cth oSls gh ijh{kk vkjaHk

gks xbZA (p) la;qDr okD; µ izsepan us vius HkkbZ dks ns[kk vkSj isM+

osQ ihNs fNi x;kA (N) feJ okD; µ jksfprk us cgqr esgur dh blfy, og

ijh{kk esa izFke vkbZA (t) ljy okD; µ ckny N¡Vrs gh pkjksa vksj izdk'k iSQy

x;kA (>) feJ okD; µ eq>s iqLrd [kjhnuh Fkh blfy, eSa

ck”kkj x;kA (×k) la;qDr okD; µ rqe ;gk¡ cSBks vkSj pk; ihvksA 4- (d) feJ okD; ([k) ljy okD; (x) feJ okD; (?k) feJ okD; (Ä) la;qDr okD; (p) la;qDr okD;

(N) ljy okD; (t) feJ okD;A


5- (d) ljy okD; µ rs”k ckfj'k vkus ls pkjksa vksj Hkjs ikuh esa lc Hkhx x,A

la;qDr okD; µ rs”k ckfj'k vkbZ vkSj pkjksa vksj Hkjs ikuh esa lc Hkhx x,A

feJ okD; µ D;ksafd rs”k ckfj'k vkus ls pkjksa vksj ikuh Hkj x;k blfy, lc Hkhx x,A

([k) ljy okD; µ Mhúihú,lú dh vè;kfidk lksukyh nloha d{kk dks i<+krh gSA

la;qDr okD; µ lksukyh Mhúihú,lú eas vè;kfidk gS vkSj nloha d{kk dks i<+krh gSA

feJ okD; µ tks lksukyh Mhúihú,lú eas vè;kfidk gS] og nloha d{kk dks i<+krh gSA

(x) ljy okD; µ eksgu us dejs esa ty jgs cYc] ia[ks can dj fn,A

la;qDr okD; µ dejs esa cYc vkSj ia[kk py jgk gS vkSj eksgu us nksuksa dks can dj fn;kA

feJ okD; µ D;ksafd dejs esa cYc] ia[kk py jgk gS blfy, eksgu us nksuksa dks can dj fn;kA

(?k) ljy okD; µ fon~;ky; esa Lokbu Ýyw ls xzLr chekj cPps dk bykt py jgk FkkA

la;qDr okD; µ fon~;ky; esa Lokbu Ýyw ls xzLr ,d chekj cPpk Fkk vkSj mldk bykt py jgk FkkA

feJ okD; µ fon~;ky; esa tks chekj cPpk Lokbu Ýyw ls xzLr Fkk mldk bykt py jgk FkkA


(Ä) ljy okD; µ vkKkdkjh vkSj es/koh Nk=k ½"kHk lnSo d{kk esa izFke vkrk gSA

la;qDr okD; µ vkKkdkjh ½"kHk es/koh Nk=k gS vkSj og lnSo d{kk esa izFke vkrk gSA

feJ okD; µ ½"kHk vkKkdkjh vkSj es/koh Nk=k gS blfy, og lnSo d{kk esa izFke vkrk gSA

qq

34- fojke&fpg~u

1- ;kstd&fpg~uµ;g 'kCnksa dks tksM+us okyk fpg~u gSA bldk iz;ksx n~oan~o leklksa] rqyukRed fLFkfr 'kCn&;qXeksa vkfn osQ chp esa fd;k tkrk gSA cukoV dh n`f"V ls ;g vkdkj esa funsZ'kd fpg~u ls NksVk gksrk gS] mnkgj.kµ /hjs&/hjs] jkr&fnu] pk¡n&lh lwjr] lq[k&nq[k vkfnA

funsZ'kd&fpg~uµ;g fpg~u vkdkj esa ;kstd fpg~u ls cM+k gksrk gSA bldk iz;ksx fdlh mnkgj.k dh vksj laosQr djus ;k funsZ'k nsus okys okD;ksa osQ var esa fd;k tkrk gS] mnkgj.kµ fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj foLrkj ls fyf[k,µ

2- (d) yk?ko&fpg~u ú

([k) funsZ'kd&fpg~u µ

(x) mn~/j.k&fpg~u ^ *] ¶ ¸

(?k) dks"Bd&fpg~u ( )


3- (d) vejhdk dks Lora=krk oSQls feyh\ ([k) ohj fcfLey us ukjk yxk;kµ ¶eSa fczfV'k lkezkT; dk

fouk'k pkgrk gw¡A¸ (x) vjs ckck! ;s dksbZ vutku vkneh ugha gSA (?k) esjs rkmQ th us ¯gnw fo'ofon~;ky; ls ,yú,yúchú

fd;k gSA (Ä) iRuh us dgkµ ¶Lokeh! eq>s uhan vk jgh gS_ cgqr

?kcjkgV gks jgh gSA¸ 4- xk¡/h th us cSfjLVjh ikl djosQ I+kQdhj cuus dk I+kSQlyk fd;k

gS] rks D;k ”k:jh gS fd rqe lc ukStoku mudh udy djks\ ^Hkkjr NksM+ks* vkSj ^djks ;k ejks* osQ ukjksa ls D;k vaxzs”k Hkkjr NksM+dj Hkkx tk,¡xs\ 'ksj dh ukd esa uosQy Mkyus dh dksf'k'k djuk gh csoowQI+kQh gSA vk/h nqfu;k esa ftl vaxzs”k ljdkj dk jkt gS] mls D;k rqe vius v¯gld vkanksyu vkSj vius ozQkafrdkjh xhrksa ls m[kkM+ isaQdksxs\

qq

35- vyadkj 1- vyadkj Hkk"kk osQ vkHkw"k.k gksrs gSa] tks 'kCn vkSj vFkZ dh n`f"V

ls Hkk"kk osQ lkSan;Z esa peRdkj mRiUu djrs gSaA vyadkj osQ eq[;r% nks Hksn gksrs gSaµ(1) 'kCnkyadkj (2) vFkkZyadkjA

2- 'kCnkyadkjµ'kCnksa osQ n~okjk dkO; esa peRdkj mRiUu djus okys vyadkj 'kCnkyadkj gksrs gSa] mnkgj.kµrjf.k ruqtk rV reky] r#oj cgq Nk,A

3- vFkkZyadkj osQ pkj Hksn gksrs gSaµ (1) miek vyadkj (2) :id vyadkj (3) mRizs{kk vyadkj (4) vfr'k;ksfDr vyadkj


vfr'k;ksfDr vyadkjµ dkO; esa tgk¡ fdlh oLrq ;k O;fDr dk o.kZu vR;f/d c<+k&p<+kdj fd;k tk,] ogk¡ vfr'k;ksfDr vyadkj gksrk gS] mnkgj.kµ

ck.k ugha igq¡ps 'kjhj rd] 'k=kq fxjs igys gh Hkw ijA 4- (d) miek vyadkj ([k) vuqizkl vyadkj (x) ;ed vyadkj (?k) vuqizkl (Ä) mRisz{kk (p) 'ys"k 5- ([k) 6- (x) 7- (d) mRisz{kk

qq

36- eqgkojs vkSj yksdksfDr;k¡

1- eqgkojsµ eqgkojs lkekU; vFkZ u nsdj fo'ks"k vFkZ izdV djrs gSaA ;s okD; dk va'k gksrs gSa] tks okD; osQ eè; esa iz;ksx fd, tkrs gSa] tSlsµ

nqe nckdj Hkkxuk µ iqfyl dks vkrs ns[k] pksj nqe nckdj Hkkx [kM+k gqvkA

yksdksfDr;k¡µ yksdksfDr;k¡ yksxksa n~okjk dgh xbZ mfDr;k¡ gksrh gSaA ;s iw.kZ okD; gksrh gSa] tSlsµ

vui<+ eaxyw osQ lkeus vaxzs”kh cksyuk HkSal osQ lkeus chu ctkus osQ leku gSA

2- eqgkojksa osQ vFkZ fuEufyf[kr gSaµ (d) Hksn [kqyuk ([k) FkksM+s esa cgqr dguk (x) c<+k&p<+kdj ckr cukuk (?k) u"V&Hkz"V dj nsuk (Ä) xgjh uhan lksuk (p) cgqr nq[kh gksuk


3- eqgkojksa ls cus okD; fuEufyf[kr gSaµ (d) ,d vk¡[k u Hkkukµ(drbZ vPNk u yxuk) okD;µlkl vkSj cgw osQ chp dk xgjk izse jk/k dks ,d

vk¡[k Hkh ugha Hkk;kA ([k) xqnM+h dk ykyµ(lk/kj.k ?kj esa tUek gqvk] lk/kj.k

os'k&Hkw"kk esa jgus okyk vlk/kj.k xq.khA) okD;µLoxhZ; yky cgknqj 'kkL=kh xqnM+h osQ yky FksA (x) vk¡[kksa ij inkZ iM+ukµ(/ks[kk [kkuk) okD;µrqEgkjh vk¡[kksa ij inkZ iM+k gS tks rqe lp ,oa

>wB esa Hksn ugha djrs D;ksafd og e/qj cksyrk gSA (?k) ,M+h&pksVh dk ”kksj yxkukµ(iwjk iz;Ru djuk) okD;µekyrh us vkbZú,ú,lú ijh{kk dh rS;kjh

,M+h&pksVh dk tksj yxkdj dh fiQj Hkh og mRrh.kZ u gks ldhA

(Ä) [kwu dk ?k¡wV ihukµ(ozQks/ dks Hkhrj&gh&Hkhrj lguk) okD;µvaxzstksa osQ vR;kpkjksa dks turk [kwu dk ?kw¡V ihdj

lgrh jgh] ysfdu gkj u ekuhA (p) ikuh esa vkx yxkukµ('kkafr esa v'kkafr iSQykuk) okD;µljdkj cukus osQ pDdj esa vkt osQ usrk /eZ dh

vkM+ esa ikuh esa vkx yxkus ls ugha pwdrsA (N) ukd esa ne djukµ(cgqr ijs'kku djuk) okD;µvksI+kQ! vktdy osQ cPps viuh 'kjkjrkas ls ukd

esa ne djrs gSaA (t) isV esa nk<+h gksukµ(de mez esa vf/d tkudkjh gksuk) okD;µvktdy osQ cPpksa dks dHkh de ugha le>uk

pkfg,] muosQ isV esa nk<+h gksrh gSA


(>) Vdk&lk tokc nsukµ(lkI+kQ budkj djuk) okD;µeSaus viuh lgsyh ls 50]000 #i, ek¡xs rks mlus

Vdk&lk tokc fn;k fd mlosQ ikl ugha gSA 4- yksdksfDr;ksa dk vFkZiw.kZ iz;ksxµ (d) viuh djuh] ikj mrjuhµ(vius deks± osQ vuqlkj iQy ikuk) okD;µLo;a esgur djksxs rks liQy gks tksvksxsA bl dke

esa rqEgkjh enn dksbZ ugha djsxkA ;gk¡ rks viuh djuh] ikj mrjuh okyh ckr gSA

([k) ,d rks djsyk nwts uhe p<+kµ(,d rks nks"k Fkk gh] ml ij nwljk nks"k Hkh yx tkuk)

okD;µjkew 'kjkch rks Fkk gh] vc og tqvk Hkh [ksyus yxkA blh dks dgrs gSaµ,d rks djsyk] nwts uhe p<+kA

(x) myVk pksj dksroky dks Mk¡Vsµ(viuk nks"k nwljs ij e<+uk) okD;µlksgu us iwjs lky i<+kbZ ugha dh vkSj vc ijh{kk

esa de vad vkus ij vè;kfidk dks nks"k ns jgk gSA ;g rks ogh ckr gks xbZµmyVk pksj dksroky dks Mk¡VsA

(?k) v/ty xxjh Nydr tk,µ(vksNk O;fDr vf/d fn[kkok djrk gSA)

okD;µgjh'k us ialkjh dh nqdku D;k [kksy yh Lo;a dks cgqr cM+k O;kikjh le>us yxkA lp gh fdlh us dgk gSµv/ty xxjh Nydr tk,A

(Ä) canj D;k tkus vnjd dk Loknµ(ew[kZ O;fDr dks xq.kksa dh dnz ugha gksrhA)

okD;µHkkstu esa ekalkgkj dh iz'kalk lqudj ikl esa cSBk iz'kkar 'kkdkgkj dk i{k ysrs gq, cksykµcanj D;k tkus vnjd dk LoknA


(p) oaQxkyh esa vkVk xhykµ(eqlhcr esa vkSj eqlhcr vkuk) okD;µjk/s';ke osQ firk dk bykt vHkh py gh jgk

Fkk fd mldh ukSdjh Hkh NwV xbZA lp gh fdlh us dgk gSµoaQxkyh esa vkVk xhykA

5- (d) deZohj vius gj dne dks iRFkj dh ydhj le> vkxs c<+krs gSaA

([k) vkWfI+kQl esa liQyrk vI+kQljksa osQ ryos pkVus ls ugha] ifjJe djus ls feyrh gSA

(x) nwljksa dh o`Qik ij ¯tnk jgus ls rks vPNk gS] ifjJe djosQ [kkvks] D;ksafd viuk gkFk txUukFkA

(?k) jkts'k us firk th n~okjk fn;k u;k eksckby I+kQksu [kks fn;k] ;g lqudj firk th vkx&ccwyk gks x,A

(Ä) jk?ko rqEgkjs Hkksysiu ls dksbZ dke ugha pysxkA rqEgsa Hkh vkSjksa dh rjg rs”k] pkykd cuuk iM+sxk] D;ksafd vkt dk ;qx rks mUgha dk gS tks fxjfxV dh rjg jax cnyrs gSaA

qq

38- vifBr xn~;ka'k 1- (d) (i) ([k) (ii) (x) (iii) (?k) (iv) (Ä) (i) (p) (iii) (N) (i) (t) (iii) 2- (d) (iii) ([k) (iii) (x) (ii) (?k) (i) (Ä) (iv) (p) (i) (N) (iii) (t) (iv) 3- (d) (iv) ([k) (iii) (x) (iii) (?k) (ii) (Ä) (iv) (p) (ii) (N) (i) (t) (iv) 4- (d) (ii) ([k) (iv) (x) (iv) (?k) (iii) (Ä) (ii) (p) (iii) (N) (iii) (t) (ii)


5- (d) mi;qDr 'kh"kZd gSµ^ou vkSj ge* ([k) xk¡o vkSj cfLr;k¡ taxyksa osQ fdukjs cls gq, FksA (x) orZeku thou daØhV osQ taxy esa oSQn gSA (?k) c<+rh gqbZ tula[;k] iSQys gq, eSnku] cM+s&cM+s mn~;ksxksa dh

LFkkiuk ouksa dh ?kVrh la[;k osQ dkj.k gSaA (Ä) ns'k esa de&ls&de 40 izfr'kr Hkkx esa ou gksus vko';d

gSaA (p) ^daØhV osQ taxy* dk vFkZ gS&lhesaV ls cuh bekjrksa dh

c<+rh la[;kA (N) lq + vPN (t) izfr'kr

qq

39- vifBr in~;ka'k 1- (d) (iii) ([k) (iv) (x) (i) (?k) (ii) (Ä) (iv)

2- (d) (ii) ([k) (iii) (x) (iv) (?k) (i) (Ä) (ii)

3- (d) (iii) ([k) (ii) (x) (iii) (?k) (ii) (Ä) (iii)

4- (d) (ii) ([k) (ii) (x) (iv) (?k) (iii) (Ä) (i)

5- (d) mi;qDr 'kh"kZd gSµ^fiatjs dk iaNhA*

([k) fpfM+;k dks fiatjs esa nkuk&ikuh dh lqfo/k feysxhA

(x) mls ckgj ikuh dh ryk'k esa HkVduk iM+sxkA

(?k) fiatjs osQ ckgj nkus dh deh gSA

(Ä) ^VksVk* 'kCn dk vFkZ gS&vHkkoA

(p) ^pqXxk* ns'kt 'kCn gSAqq

i=k] laokn] vuqPNsn rFkk fuca/ Nk=k Lo;a fy[ksaxsA


vH;kl iz'u&i=kµ1 1- (d) laosQrksa n~okjk vius fopkjksa o Hkkoksa dk vknku&iznku djus esa

dfBukbZ gksrh gS] ckr Li"V :i ls le> ugha vkrh] blfy,

euq"; dks Hkk"kk dh vko';drk vuqHko gqbZA

([k) Hkk"kk osQ fyf[kr :i n~okjk euq"; vius fopkjksa rFkk

v£tr tkudkjh dks vkus okyh ihf<+;ksa osQ fy, l¡tksdj

j[k ldrk gS] tks ekSf[kd Hkk"kk esa laHko ugha FkkA bl

dkj.ko'k fyf[kr Hkk"kk dk fo'ks"k egRRo gSA

(x) xn~; lkfgR; osQ mnkgj.kµ i=k] fuca/] ukVd] miU;kl

vkfnA

in~; lkfgR; osQ mnkgj.kµ nksgk] Nan] xhr] pkSikbZ

vkfnA

(?k) o.kks± osQ O;ofLFkr esy ls 'kCn] 'kCnksa osQ O;ofLFkr esy

ls okD; rFkk okD;ksa osQ O;ofLFkr esy ls Hkk"kk curh gSA

fdl o.kZ] 'kCn ;k okD; dk iz;ksx dgk¡ gksuk pkfg,]

bldh tkudkjh gesa O;kdj.k osQ n~okjk gh izkIr gksrh gSA

O;kdj.k Hkk"kk osQ fu;eksa dk fu/kZj.k djrk gSA

(Ä) O;kdj.k osQ rhu vax gSaµ

(1) o.kZ&fopkj

(2) 'kCn&fopkj

(3) okD;&fopkj

(p) laf/ o lekl esa varj

laf/µnks èofu;ksa osQ ikl&ikl gksus osQ dkj.k muosQ esy

ls mRiUu fodkj@ifjorZu dks laf/ dgrs gSaA

mnkgj.kµlkj $ va'k ¾ lkjka'kA


leklµ'kCn lewgksa dks laf{kIr djus dh izfozQ;k lekl

dgykrh gSA

mnkgj.kµeq[; gS tks vè;kid µ eq[;kè;kidA

2- (d) :lh µ jkseu

([k) I+kQkjlh µ vjch

(x) usikyh µ nsoukxjh

(?k) xqtjkrh µ nsoukxjh

(Ä) iatkch µ xq#eq[kh

(p) laLo`Qr µ nsoukxjh

3- Hkkjr] usiky] dukMk] eysf'k;k] I+kQhth rFkk =khuhMkMA

4- (d) t;'kadj izlkn µ dkek;uh

([k) rqylhnkl µ jkepfjrekul

(x) dchjnkl µ chtd

(?k) lqfe=kkuanu iar µ xzkeokfluh

5- usikyh] ¯gnh] ejkBh] laLo`Qr] xqtjkrh rFkk cksMksA

6- (d) varLFk ([k) I+kQkjlh

(x) 14 ¯lrcj] 1949 (?k) ekx/h

(Ä) {ks=kh; (p) vYiizk.k] egkizk.k

(N) xq.k laf/ (t) Loj laf/] O;atu laf/

(>) rhu (×k) o.kZ&foPNsn

7- 'kCn o.kZ&foPNsn

ifjorZu µ i~ $ v $ j~ $ b $ o~ $ v $ j~ $ r~ $ v $ u~ $ v

è;kuiwoZd µ /~ $ ;~ $ vk $ u~ $ v $ i~ $ mQ $ j~ $ o~ $ v $ o~Q $ v

o`Qikyq µ o~Q $ ½ $ i~ $ vk $ y~ $ m

;qf/f"Bj µ ;~ $ m $ /~ $ b $ "k~ $ B~ $ b $ j~ $ v


dof;=kh µ o~Q $ v $ o~ $ v $ ;~ $ b $ r~ $ j~ $ bZ

laozQkafr µ l~ $ va $ o~Q $ j~ $ vka $ r~ $ b

n~oan~o µ n~ $ o~ $ va $ n~ $ o~ $ v~

Jfed µ 'k~ $ j~ $ v $ e~ $ b $ o~Q $ v

,sfPNd µ ,s $ p~ $ N~ $ b $ o~Q $ v

le`n~/ µ l~ $ v $ e~ $ ½ $ n~ $ /~ $ v

8- laf/ µ Hksn laf/ µ Hksn

(d) 'kj.kkxr µ nh?kZ laf/ ([k) HkwtkZ µ nh?kZ laf/

(x) "kMkuu µ nh?kZ laf/ (?k) LoYi µ ;.k laf/

(Ä) fnXxt µ O;atu laf/ (p) lUekxZ µ O;atu laf/

(N) lq"kek µ O;atu laf/ (t) riksou µ folxZ laf/

(>) vuqPNsn µ O;atu laf/ (×k) fujkdkj µ folxZ laf/

9- (d) fodkl] rjDdh ([k) x.kifr] yacksnj

(x) dkeuk] vfHkyk"kk (?k) xoZ] vgadkj

(Ä) iadt] tyt (p) fctyh] nkfeuh

10- (d) vfHk'kki ([k) foxzg

(x) lEeku (?k) ';ke

(Ä) {kf.kd (p) ijkoyach

(N) uohu (t) fod"kZ.k

11- (d) jDr µ gjh lfC”k;k¡ jDr&o/Zd gksrh gSaA

jDr µ usoys dk eq¡g jDr&o.kZ FkkA

([k) jl µ rk”ks iQyksa dk jl LokLF;o/Zd gksrk gSA

jl µ eq>s dfork,¡ i<+us esa cgqr jl vkrk gSA

(x) okj µ vki lkseokj dks pys tkb,xkA

okj µ volj ns[kdj gsekax us 'k=kq ij okj fd;kA


12- (d) ftrsafnz; ([k) prqHkqZt

(x) va/fo'okl (?k) xksiuh;

(Ä) rVLFk (p) LFkkoj

13- dBksj µ dBksjrk (rk) izR;;

uhyk µ uhykiu (iu) izR;;] uhfyek (bek) izR;;

dj.k µ var%dj.k (var%) milxZ

oaqQrh µ dkSUrs;

Je µ Jfed (bd)

cqn~f/ µ cqn~f/eku (eku) izR;;

ra=k µ Lora=k (Lo) milxZ

ulhc µ cnulhch (cn~) milxZ (bZ) izR;;

/ks[kk µ /ks[ksck”k (ck”k) izR;;

dky µ fpjdky (fpj~) milxZ

gkj µ izgkj (iz) milxZ

pfj=k µ pfj=koku (oku) izR;;

14- lkjax µ fgj.k] lkjl

jkf'k µ laifRr] u{k=k

cfy µ cfynku] jktk cfy

xfr µ rs”kh] n'kk

;ksx µ tksM+] O;k;ke

jDr µ [kwu] yky

oqQy µ oa'k] laiw.kZ

in µ iSj] vksgnk


15- lekl lekl&foxzg Hksn (d) ns'kfudkyk µ ns'k ls fudkyk µ rRiq#"k lekl ([k) ijekuan µ ije gS tks vkuan µ deZ/kj; lekl (x) uhyxxu µ uhyk gS tks xxu µ deZ/kj; lekl (?k) vdky µ dky osQ fcuk µ vO;;hHkko lekl (Ä) iapoVh µ ik¡p oVksa dk lewg µ n~foxq lekl (p) uj¯lg µ uj :ih ¯lg µ deZ/kj; lekl (N) tUe&ej.k µ tUe vkSj ej.k µ n~oan~o lekl (t) xtkuu µ xt osQ leku gS vkuu ftldk vFkkZr~ x.ks'k µ cgqozhfg lekl 16- iwtuh; µ ;kSfxd tyt µ ;ksx:<+ ijksidkj µ ;kSfxd ?kj µ :<+ eq[k µ :<+ izR;sd µ ;kSfxd fu'kkpj µ ;ksx:<+ vuq'kklu µ ;kSfxd n'kkuu µ ;ksx:<+ lsuk µ :<+ 17- ¯cnq µ cw¡n T;s"B µ cM+k lIr µ lkr v/Z µ vk/k {khj µ [khj 'kkd µ lC”kh Hkzej µ Hk¡ojk eLrd µ ekFkk f'k{kk µ lh[k ef{kdk µ eD[kh okuj µ canj Loj µ lqj 18- (d) egkRek ([k) csjkstxkj (x) tyizokg (?k) vHkkxk

(Ä) vutkuk (p) nqjkRekqq


vH;kl iz'u&i=kµ2

1- (d) (i) txnh'k

(ii) HkkuwtkZ

(iii) fon~;S'o;Z

(iv) Hkkoqd

([k) (i) lg $ vuqHkwfr

(ii) lw;Z $ mQ"ek

(iii) vf/ $ ,rk

(iv) mr~ $ Toy

(x) (i) uhyk gS oaQB ftldk (f'ko) µ cgqozhfg lekl

(ii) ifr vkSj iRuh µ n~oan~o lekl

(iii) rqylh n~okjk o`Qr µ rRiq#"k lekl

(iv) pkj eq[k okyk µ deZ/kj; lekl

(?k) (i) cs[kVosQ µ vO;;hHkko lekl

(ii) goulkexzh µ rRiq#"k lekl

(iii) v/idk µ vO;;hHkko lekl

(iv) jkr&fnu µ n~oan~o lekl

2- (d) ohjrk µ lHkh ohjksa us ;qn~/Hkwfe esa ohjrk fn[kkbZA

([k) feBkl µ dks;y dh cksyh esa feBkl gksrh gSA

(x) m¡QpkbZ µ eqacbZ esa bekjrksa dh m¡QpkbZ vkleku Nwrh gSA

(?k) euq";rk µ ijksidkj gh euq";rk dh igpku gSA

3- (d) cqn~f/erh

([k) n£'kdk


(x) fonq"kh

(?k) lezkKh

(Ä) Hkonh;k

(p) eknk [kjxks'kA

4- (d) 'kgj esa ikB'kkykvksa dh deh ugha gSA

([k) gesa vius fiz;tuksa dk lkFk dHkh ugha NksM+uk pkfg,A

(x) ukuh&nknh dh dgkfu;k¡ cgqr jkspd gksrh gSaA

(?k) es”k ij fc[kjh iqLrosaQ laHkkydj j[kksA

5- (d) jke us jko.k dks ekjkA

([k) canj isM+ ls uhps owQnkA

(x) nthZ us deh”k flyhA

(?k) ';ke jke ls yack gSA

(Ä) firk th eksgu osQ fy, lqanj isu yk,A

6- tks loZuke 'kCn okD; osQ drkZ osQ lkFk viuRo n'kkZus osQ fy,

iz;ksx fd, tkrs gSa] mUgsa futokpd loZuke dgrs gSa] tSlsµeSa

vius vki gh pyk tkm¡QxkA

ijarq ^vki* 'kCn dk iz;ksx iq#"kokpd (vknjlwpd) loZuke

osQ :i esa Hkh fd;k tkrk gS] tSlsµvki vkt er tkb,A

7- eSa ckjg lky @ eSa bruk cM+k @ dksbZ jksdus&Vksdus @ viuh

xkM+h xyh @ og csotg @ esjs jkLrsA

8- (d) lRrj o"khZ; cw<+h µ xq.kokpd fo'ks"k.k

([k) rirh] vkx cjlkrs µ xq.kokpd fo'ks"k.k

(x) I;kjs µ xq.kokpd fo'ks"k.k


9- laKk vFkok loZuke 'kCnksa dh vksj laosQr djus okys fo'ks"k.kksa

dks lkoZukfed fo'ks"k.k dgrs gSaA bls laosQrokpd fo'ks"k.k Hkh

dgrs gSa_ tSlsµ

;g iqLrd esjh gSA (lkoZukfed fo'ks"k.k)

;g esjh iqLrd gSA (loZuke)

os yM+osQ tk jgs gSaA (lkoZukfed fo'ks"k.k)

os tk jgs gSaA (loZuke)

10- mn~ns'; fo/s;

(d) jkf/dk u`R; djrh gSA

([k) lSfud j.kHkwfe esa dkS'ky fn[kkrs gSaA

(x) dy ge yksx n'kgjk ns[kus x, FksA

(?k) jsyxkM+h LVs'ku ij #dhA

11- (d) mM+rs@mM+ jgs gokbZ tgkt esa ;k=kh cSBs gSaA

([k) tc ekrk th us diM+s /ks fy, rc vkjke fd;kA

(x) lHkk lekIr gqbZ vkSj lc yksx vius&vius ?kj pys x,A

12- (d) eSa i<+ ugha ldrkA

([k) jlksb, n~okjk [kkuk cuk;k tk jgk gSA

(x) if{k;ksa ls mM+k tk,xkA

13- (d) loZuke inca/

([k) fozQ;k inca/

(x) fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k inca/

(?k) laKk inca/

(Ä) loZuke inca/


14- (d) lkglh µ xq.kokpd fo'ks"k.k] ^O;fDr* fo'ks"; dk

fo'ks"k.k] ,dopu] iq¯YyxA

([k) Hkkxdj µ jhfrokpd fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k] ^idM+h* fozQ;k

dk fozQ;kfo'ks"k.k] HkwrdkyA

(x) dksbZ µ vfu'p;okpd loZuke] ,dopu] iq¯YyxA

(?k) usrk th µ tkfrokpd laKk] iq¯Yyx] (vknjlwpd

Hkko)] ,dopu

(Ä) djrk gS µ ldeZd fozQ;k] Hkwrdky] ,dopu

15- ^,M~l jksx* dk iwjk uke gSµ¶,Dok;MZ bE;wuks MsfiQf'k,alh

¯lMªkse¸A ;g jksx ,púvkbZúohú ok;jl ls iSQyrk gSA

iz'u la[;k 16- ,oa 17- dk mRrj fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a fy[ksaxsA

qq


NOTES............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................


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