lk>h nLrd

57

lhfer forj.k ds fy,

jagori@jagori.org; safedelhi@jagori.org www.jagori.org, www.safedelhi.in, www.livingfeminisms.org

izdk'ku % flRkacj 2016

fMt+kbu ,oa eqnz.k% fizaVQkslZ rawatys2011@gmail.com

vkHkkj

tkxksjh bl iqfLrdk ds izdk'ku esa lg;ksx ds fy, fuEu O;fDr;ksas ds vkHkkjh gSA

ys[ku% ve`rk Bkdqj

lEiknu% t;k ÜkzhokLrok

ifjdYiuk% e/kq ckyk

lg;ksx% pSrkyh] egkohj o tkxksjh Vhe

fo'ks"k lg;ksx% czsM Q+kWj n oYMZ&izksVsLVaV MsosyiesaV lfoZl vkSj fet+sfj;ksj

izdk'ku % tkxksjh

ch&114] f'kokfyd] ekyoh; uxj] ubZ fnYyh&110017

Qksu% 91&11&26691219@20] QSDl% 91&11&26691221

gsYiykbZu% 91&11&26692700@8800996640 (9.30am to 5.30pm, lkseokj ls 'kqdzokj½

1

lk>h nLrdifjp;

la?k"kZ dh ;k=kk vuojr~ py jgh gS ,d vius vanj vkSj nwljh [kqn ls ckgj] lekt esaA nksuksa ;k=kk,a vkil esa tqM+h gqbZ gSa] jkLrk r; djus esa ,d nwljs dh enn dj jgh gSaA tkxksjh dh ok;ysal baVjosa'ku Vhe esa 'kkfey dsl dk;ZdrkZ vius O;fDrxr vuqHko dks lkewfgd vuqHko ds lkFk tksM+dj lekt vkSj O;oLFkk ds mu njoktksa ij nLrd nsus dk iz;kl dj jgh gS] ftUgsa fir`lÙkkRed ekufldrk us can dj j[kk gSA efgyk fgalk ds f[kykQ+ mudh ;k=kk nksuksa Lrj ij tkjh gSA O;fDrxr Lrj ij tgka os Lo;a fgalk tSlh leL;kvksa ls la?k"kZ dj jgh gSa] ogha nwljs Lrj ij] os ihfM+r efgykvksa dks muds la?k"kZ esa iwjk lg;ksx ns jgh gSaA ;g la?k"kZ bruk vklku ugha gSA fgalk fojks/kh dkuwu gksus ds ckotwn fir`lÙkkRed lkekftd <kapk dbZ rjg dh O;ogkfjd fnD+d+rksa ds ek/;e ls la?k"kZ ds jkLrs esa vojks/k iSnk djrk gSA bl Vhe ds dk;ZdrkZvksa dk vuqHko le; ds lkFk fgalk ds :iksa esa vk, cnykoksa vkSj buds f[kykQ+ la?k"kZ ds jkLrs esa vkus okyh ck/kkvksa dks bafxr djrk gSA ;g ,d ubZ cgqvk;keh ;kstuk ds izk:i dks rS;kj djus ds fy, vk/kkj Hkh nsrk gS] ftlesa bu ck/kkvksa ls fuiVus dh rS;kjh igys ls gksxhA bl nLrkost esa thou ds dqN mu lQ+jukeksa dks Hkh 'kkfey fd;k x;k gS tks efgykvksa ds vR;ar futh nk;js esa gks jgs v?kksf"kr mRihM+u ds :iksa dks O;k[;kf;r djrk gSA ;g mu Ng efgykvksa ds la?k"kZ dh xkFkk gS] ftUgksaus fir`lÙkk ds foHkRl :iksa dks >syk gS] ysfdu bu efgykvksa us bls ^L=kh gksus dh fu;fr* u ekudj blds f[kykQ+ la?k"kZ fd;k gS vkSj dj jgh gSaA ;s dsl LVMht+ ekufld o 'kkjhfjd ;a=k.kkvksa dh mu ckjhfd;ksa ij Hkh Bgjrh gSa ftuls efgyk,a xqtjrh gSa] ij dkuwuh :i ls ;s ;a=k.kk,a dksbZ vkdkj ugha ys ikrha vkSj can njoktksa ds ihNs gh jg tkrh gSaA ;g lQ+jukek efgyk vf/kdkjksa ds fy, fujarj tkjh la?k"kks± ds fofHkUu iM+koksa dk xfr'khy nLrkost+ gSA

2

lQjukek

vkseorh

vkseorh dkQ+h nsj rd vius psgjs ij gkFk Qsjrh gqbZ dqN lksprh jgh] fQj cksyh& ^eSa mls cgqr pkgrh gwaA ij oks rks eq>s ns[kus ds fy, Hkh rS;kj ugha gSA NksVh cgw ds vklikl gh eaMjkrk jgrk gSA eq>s vius lkFk j[kus rd dks rS;kj ugha gSA 'kq: esa rks cgw [kqn gh cksyh ^cqM~<k esjs lkFk lksuk pkgrk gS* oks cgw dks dgrk gS& ßrsjh lkl csdkj gS] rsjk ifr ckSM+e gS rq>s lq[k ugha ns ldrk] eSa nwaxkAÞ oSls rks 'kknh ds igys Hkh dbZ yM+fd;ksa ls mlds laca/k FksA ,d ls rks ,d csVh Hkh gSA fiNys ianzg lky ls mlus cgw dks idM+ j[kk gSA fQj mudh vkil esa D;k lkaB&xkaB gqbZ] irk ugha] ogha jgrk gS] csVk&cgw dh lykg ls gh lc dke djrk gSA csVk fnu esa dke ij pyk tkrk rks cgw ds lkFk yxk jgrkA EkSaus [kqn ;s viuh vka[kksa ls ns[kk gSA tc igyh ckj ns[kk Fkk esjk rks flj gh ?kwe x;k FkkA fdlh rjg nhokj dk lgkjk ysdj t+ehu ij cSBhA tc ifr ls iwNh& rw ,slk D;ksa dj jgk gS] mlus eq>s cgqr ekjk] esjs lkFk cgqr xans rjhds ls] tcjnLrh laca/k cuk;k] dbZ&dbZ ckj cuk;kA nhnh eSa vkils dksbZ ckr fNik ugha jgh gwa lc [kqydj crk jgh gwaA* esjs ;g iwNus ij fd mlus ;s ckr csVs dks D;ksa ugha crkbZ rks vkseorh fujk'k Loj esa cksyh& ^crkbZ! csVs dks crkbZ rks csVs us eq>s gh xanh&xanh xkfy;ka nh vkSj cgqr ekjkA fdruh xanh&xanh xkfy;ka nhaA dgk & rsjs gh nsg esa vkx yx jgh gSA ,d vkneh ls dke ugha py jgk gSA D;k&D;k dgk] crk Hkh ugha ldrh vkSj /kDdk ekjdj ?kj ls ckgj dj fn;kA ipkl lky dh 'kknh'kqnk fta+nxh ds ckn vkt esjss flj ij Nr ugha gS] nj&nj HkVd jgh gawA pkj fnu cgu ds ?kj] pkj fnu csVs vkSj csVh ds ?kj] lc txg ,slh gh ekjh&ekjh fQj jgh gawA* ftl ?kj dks] laca/k dks] cukus esa vkseorh us viuh iwjh mez fudky nh vkt og ?kj ;k

vkseorh dh mez yxHkx lkB gksxhA gkykafd dgrh gS fd mldh 'kknh pkSng lky dh mez esa gks xbZ Fkh vkSj 'kknh dks ipkl lky gks jgs gSaA 'kknh ds le; ifr dh mez chl&ckbl crkrh gS] tks fiNys lky gh caSd dh ljdkjh ukSdjh ls fjVk;j gqvk gSA laHkor% ft++anxh dh rjg mez ds tksM+&?kVko esa Hkh og bruh dq'ky ugha gS fd lgh mez crk ldsA ij mldk psgjk fta+nxh ds fofHkUu iM+koksa dh dgkuh [kqn c;ka dj jgk FkkA xhyh utjksa ls vius psgjs ij gkFk fQjkrh gqbZ cksyh & ^esjs psgjs ij ,sls&,sls gkFk fQjk dj dgrk gS & rsjs xky rks vc /kal x, gSaA rw rks cqM~<h gks xbZ gSA dSlk fldqM+k gqvk psgjk gS rsjk! eSa vc mls cqM~<h yxus yxh gwaA mls toku 'kjhj pkfg,A eSa dgka ls ykÅa toku 'kjhj\*

3

laca/k mlds fgLls esa dgha ugha gSA ftl csVs dks ikyiksl dj cM+k fd;k og vkt ml ij gkFk mBk jgk gSA

vkseorh tSls&tSls vius thou dh ?kVukvksa dh ijrsa [kksyrh xbZ mldh Hkkouk,a Hkh mu ?kVukvksa dh dM+okgV ds lkFk ;k=kk djrh gqbZ lkQ+ fn[k jgh FkhaA ifr ds izfr izse vc grk'kk] dM+okgV vkSj rdyhQ+ esa cny x;k FkkA ^eSa mlds lkFk vc ugha jguk pkgrhA vc eq>s mlds lkFk jguk gh ughaA ij eq>s ,d Nr pkfg,] fta+nxh ds fy, nks iSls pkfg,A* vkseorh dks ifr ds 'kjkc ihus dh vknr vkSj lsDl ds izfr t+:jr ls T+;knk >qdko dk irk 'kknh ds 'kq#vkrh fnuksa esa gh yx x;k Fkk] ysfdu fQj Hkh fj'rs ls bruh f'kdk;r ugha FkhA bl fookfgr laca/k ls mls nks csVs o rhu csfV;ka gSaA cPps vc o;Ld gSa] nks csVs vkSj ,d csVh dh 'kknh gks pqdh gSA

cdkSy vkseorh mldh fta+nxh esa lc dqN ianzg lky igys rd yxHkx Bhd gh py jgk FkkA NksVs csVs dh 'kknh ds ckn vkseorh dh fta+nxh iwjh rjg ls cny xbZA ifr cSad esa pijklh ds in ij dke djrk gSA og xako esa viuh nksuksa vfookfgr csfV;ksa ds lkFk jg jgh Fkh vkSj ifr NksVs csVs ds ifjokj ds lkFk fnYyh esa jg jgk FkkA ifr vkSj cgw ds laca/k esa dqN mM+rh&mM+rh [kcj mlds dkuksa rd igqaprh gS vkSj og xkao ls ifr ds ikl fnYyh vk xbZ FkhA ;gka vkus ds ckn vkseorh mu lHkh ckrksa dks tc viuh vka[kksa ls ns[krh gS rks HkkoukRed :Ik ls lnes dh fLFkfr esa vk tkrh gSA csVs ls bu ckrksa dk ftØ og djrh gS] ysfdu csVk Hkh mldh rdyhQ+ dks le>us dh txg xkfy;ka nsrk] ekjrk&ihVrk vkSj ?kj ls ckgj dj nsrk gSA vkseorh dk ifr gky gh esa fjVk;j gqvk gS] vkSj fQj ls mlh cSad esa crkSj pijklh dke dj jgk gSA vkseorh ds vuqlkj] og viuh iwjh vkenuh csVs ds ifjokj ij [kpZ dj jgk gS] vkseorh dks vius lkFk j[kus dks rS;kj ugha gSA bl fLFkfr dks vkseorh fiNys ianzg lkyksa ls >sy jgh gSA vkseorh tc viuh bl leL;k dks ysdj tkxksjh ds ikl xbZ rc og HkkoukRed :Ik ls

dkQ+h ijs'kku Fkh] vkSj mls dqN le> ugha vk jgk Fkk dh og bl fLFkfr dk lkeuk fdl izdkj djs vkSj dgka fdlds ikl tk,!

tkxksjh }kjk iznku dh xbZ lgk;rk& vkseorh tc tkxksjh ds ikl vkbZ rc og HkkoukRed :i ls dkQ+h VwVh gqbZ FkhA bl leL;k ds lek/kku ds fy, mldh fcjknjh] ifjokj dh vksj ls fd, x, lHkh iz;kl vlQy lkfcr gks jgs FksA ij ;s yM+kbZ rks vkseorh dks [kqn yM+uh Fkh vkSj ;g rc gh laHko Fkk tc og viuh Hkkoukvksa ij dkcw ikdj vius vanj fufgr rkd+r dks igpkurhA vkseorh o tkxksjh ds chp dkmalfyax ¼ijke'kZ½ dk ,d yEck nkSj pykA cdkSy vkseorh bl dkmalfyax us mls fgEer nhA mls eglwl gqvk fd og vdsyh ugha gS] dksbZ mldh yM+kbZ esa mlds lkFk [kM+k gSA vius ifr ls vkfFkZd enn ikuk mldk dkuwuh gd+ gSA tkxksjh us dkmalfyax ds ckn vkseorh ds ifr ls Hkh ckrphr dhA mu nksuksa ds chp dh leL;kvksa dks ckrphr o dkmalfyax ds ek/;e ls nwj djus dh dksf'k'k dh xbZA vkseorh dk ifr varr% vkseorh dks gj eghus pkj gtkj #i;s xqtkjk HkÙkk ds :i esa nsus dks rS;kj gqvkA

tkxksjh us cSad ds eSustj ls Hkh bl lanHkZ esa ckrphr dhA eSustj us Hkh vkseorh dks xqtkjk HkÙkk fnyokus esa viuk iwjk lg;ksx fn;kA ckn esa tkxksjh us xqtkjk HkÙkk esa bafØesaV ¼lkykuk c<+ksÙkjh½ dh O;oLFkk Hkh djokbZA dqN le; rd rks vkseorh dks xqtkjk HkÙkk ifr dh rjQ ls feyrk jgk] fQj can gks x;kA vkseorh dk xqtkjk HkÙkk lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, LFkkuh; iqfyl o Fkkus lss lg;ksx ysus dk Hkh iz;kl fd;k x;k] ysfdu ogka ls vkseorh dks visf{kr lg;ksx ugha fey ik;kA xqtkjk HkÙkk fnyokus dh dkuwuh yM+kbZ ds fy, vkseorh dks dkuwuh lgk;rk Hkh tkxksjh dh rjQ ls fnyokbZ xbZA fQygky xqtkjk HkÙks dh dkuwuh yM+kbZ vnkyr esa tkjh gSA ;g ys[k fy[ks tkus rd dkuwuh rkSj ij xqtkjk HkÙkk feyus dh bl yM+kbZ ds ifj.kke esa vkrh nsjh dks ns[krs

4

vnkyr ds le{k j[kus dh rS;kjh py jgh gSA

vkseorh ds lQjukes dk euks&lkekftd igyw& vkseorh tc vius thou dh dgkuh lqukrh gS rks ;g rks crkrh gS fd 'kknh ls igys ifr ds laca/k nwljh efgykvksa ls Hkh Fks] ysfdu 'kknh ds ckn ds laca/kksa dk og ft+Ø ugha djrh gSA ifr igys Hkh ihrk Fkk rc bruh leL;k ugha FkhA leL;k csVs dh 'kknh ds ckn 'kq: gqbZA leL;k vkSj T+;knk rc c<+ xbZ] tc ifr lsokfuo`Ùk gqvk gS vkSj isa'ku o vU; HkÙkksa ds ek/;e ls mls dkQ+h iSlk feyk gSA mu iSlksa dks og vkseorh ds vuqlkj ugha cfYd vius vuqlkj [kpZ dj jgk gS( ;kfu vius NksVs csVs ds fy,] ftlds lkFk og jg jgk gS mlus dkQ+h dqN [kjhnk gSA csVs vkSj mlds ifjokj ds izfr ifr dk >qdko vkseorh dks ilan ugha gSA mldk ekuuk gS fd mlds ifr dk cgw ds lkFk voS/k laca/k gS] toku lqanj cgw ds 'kjhj ds u'ks esa og ,sls QSlys ys jgk gSA lkjk iSlk csVs cgw ij [kpZ dj jgk gS tcfd ,slk Hkh gks ldrk gS fd vkseorh ds ifr dh mlds csVs cgw vPNh ns[kHkky dj jgs gksa] ftldh otg ls og izseo'k viuh [kq'kh ls muij iSls [kpZ dj jgk gksA

vkseorh dk ,slk ekuuk ,d Hkzeiw.kZ ekufldrk Hkh gks ldrh gS] tks fir`lÙkk ls izHkkfor gSA bls ge nks efgykvksa ds chp opZLo ds la?k"kZ ds rkSj ij ns[k ldrs gSaA vkseorh dks yx jgk gS fd ifr ds osru ;k /ku ds laca/k esa QSlys ysus dk gd+ lcls T+;knk mldk gS] izfr}a}h ds :i esa mls cgw fn[k jgh gSA fir`lÙkkRed lekt esa ;g opZLo dk la?k"kZ nks efgykvksa ds chp Hkh ns[kk tk ldrk gSA

vDlj ekuo LoHkko dh bl izo`fÙk dks le>s fcuk ^efgyk gh efgyk dh nq'eu gksrh gS* tSls gYds tqeyksa ls fir`lÙkk ds f[kykQ+ mBrh vkokt+ksa dks nckus dk iz;Ru fd;k tkrk gSA bu lcds ckotwn vkseorh ihfM+r gS]D;ksafd og vius ifr o cPpksa ij vkfJr gS] vkSj viuh iwjh fta+nxh ifjokj o ifr dks nsus ds ckotwn og viuh bPNk ls dqN ugha dj ldrh gSA

dkuwu D;k dgrk gS& ¼1½ vkseorh fookfgr gS vkSj vkfFkZd :Ik ls ifr ij iwjh rjg vkfJr gSA vxj ifr&iRuh ds chp fdlh ckr dks ysdj vucu gks tk, rks iRuh&ifr ls vius vkSj vius cPpksas ds fy, lh-vkj-ih-lh- dh /kkjk 125 ds rgr~ xqtkjk HkÙkk ds fy, ;kfpdk nkf[ky dj ldrh gSA lkFk gh fganw vMkWI'ku ,aM esaVsusal ,DV dh /kkjk 18 ds rgr Hkh ;kfpdk nkf[ky dh tk ldrh gSA ?kjsyw fgalk dkuwu ds rgr Hkh xqtkjk HkÙkk dh ekax iRuh dj ldrh gSA vxj ifr&iRuh ds chp rykd dk dsl py jgk gS rks og fgUnw eSfjt ,DV dh /kkjk 24 ds rgr xqtkjk HkÙkk ekax ldrh gSA xqtkjk HkÙkk dh jkf'k dk fu/kkZj.k ifr dh viuh vk; vFkok gSfl;r ds vk/kkj ij gksrk gSA ¼2½ vkseorh ofj"B ukxfjd gSA

lkB o"kZ ls vf/kd mez ds iq#"k ,oa 58 o"kZ ls vf/kd mez dh efgyk,a ofj"B ukxfjd ds :i esa ^n&esaVsusal ,.M osyQ+s;j vkWQ+ isjsUV~l ,.M lhfu;j flfVt+u ,DV&2007* ds dkuwuh nk;js esa vkrs gSaA ofj"B ukxfjd dh ns[kHkky vxj muds cPps Bhd rjhds ls ugha dj jgs gSa rks os vius cPpksa ls xqtkjk&HkÙkk dh ekax bl dkuwu ds varxZr dj ldrs gSaA bl dkuwu dh /kkjk 9 esa eqvkotk jkf'k r; djus dk izko/kku gS vkSj ;g jkf'k vfèkdre nl gt+kj rd gks ldrh gSA bl dkuwu dh /kkjk 24 dgrh gS fd vxj dksbZ 'k[l vius ekrk&firk dk frjLdkj djrk gS vkSj mudk Hkj.k&iks"k.k@ns[kHkky ugha djrk gS rks mls rhu eghus rd dh dSn gks ldrh gS vkSj ikap gt+kj rd dk tqekZuk Hkh gks ldrk gSA ;g dkuwu dgrk gS fd cqtqxZ isjsaV~l dk viuk dek;k gqvk dqN gks u gks cPpksa dk dÙkZO; gS fd os vius vfHkHkkodksa dh ns[kHkky djsaA

gq, ^nh esaVsausal ,.M osyQ+s;j vkWQ+ isjsUV~l ,.M lhfu;j flfVt+u ,DV& 2007 ds rgr~ Hkh xqtkjk HkÙkk dh ekax

5

jhrk

jhrk dh 'kknh chl lky dh mez esas gks xbZ FkhA og ,d [kq'kgky fookfgr thou th jgh FkhA thou lkekU; xfr ls py jgk FkkA 'kknh ds ckn nks csVs gq, ftudh mez vHkh Øe'k% Ng o vkB o"kZ gSA 2015 esa jhrk ds ifr dh e`R;q gks xbZA ifr dh e`R;q ds ckn mlds thou esa vpkud lc dqN cny x;kA llqj o uun yxkrkj bl iz;kl esa yx x, fd jhrk ifr ds ?kj ls ;kfu llqjky ls fdlh Hkh rjg pyh tk,A jkst yM+kbZ&>xM+s gksus yxsA ifr dh e`R;q dh otg ls jhrk ekufld rkSj ij fMizs'ku dh fLFkfr esa vk xbZ FkhA blh ekufld fLFkfr esa mldh uun mls ysdj viuh tsBkuh ds ?kj vk xbZA ogka os rhu pkj fnu jgsA cdkSy jhrk ekufld ruko us mlds lkspus le>us dh 'kfDr yxHkx [kRe lh dj nh FkhA ogka ,d eafnj esa fdlh O;fDr ls mldh 'kknh djok nh xbZA og O;fDr mls gfj;k.kk ds ,d xkao ysdj vk x;kA jhrk ml O;fDr ds lkFk dSn tSlh fLFkfr esa pkj eghus jghA jhrk dk nwljk ifr u dsoy 'kjkch Fkk] cfYd ckr&ckr ij jhrk dks ekjrk&ihVrk

Hkh FkkA cdkSYk jhrk& og dgrk eSaus rsjs fy, iSls fn, gSaA esjh ckr ugha ekusxh rks rw>s ekj ds Qsad nwaxk fdlh dks irk Hkh ugha pysxkA og 'kjkc ihdj lcdks xkyh nsrkA jkr dks esjs ls tcjnLrh djrk] esjs lhus ij eqDdk ekjrkA dHkh rks u'ks esa pkdw ysdj eq>s ekjus nkSM+rk dHkh dkap dk fxykl ysdjA llqjky esa mldh bu gjd+rks esa mlds ifjokj ds yksx Hkh lkFk fn;k djrs FksA

jhrk dks vius ?kj o cPpksa ls Hkh ckr ugha djus fn;k tk jgk FkkA ,d ckj mls ekSdk fey x;k] mlus fdlh rjg fgEer dj fNirs&fNikrs viuh eka dks Qksu fd;k vkSj lkjh fLFkfr crkbZA eka us ;s lkjh ckrsa tkxksjh dks crkbZA tkxksjh ds lykg&vuqlkj bldh fjiksVZ Fkkus esa ntZ djokbZ xbZA rHkh tkdj jhrk dks bl dSn ls eqfDr feyh] ysfdu la?k"kZ vHkh [kRe ugha gqvk FkkA jhrk ds cPps vHkh Hkh mlds igys ifr ds ?kj ij gh Fks] ^HkkbZ dh fu'kkuh gS* ;g dgrs gq, uun cPpksa dks nsus dks rS;kj ugha gSA mls cPpksa ls feyus Hkh ugha fn;k tk jgk FkkA ogha nwljh rjQ jhrk ds nwljs ifr o mlds ifjokj dk Hkh yxkrkj ncko cuk gqvk gS fd jhrk okfil ifr ds ikl pyh vk,A ifr dh e`R;q us jhrk ds thou dh fn'kk gh cny nhA e`R;q ls yxs lnes vkSj ml ruko dh fLFkfr esa ,d ds ckn ,d vkrh leL;kvksa us mls ekufld :i ls iwjh rjg rksM+ fn;k FkkA orZeku esa jhrk us vius igys ifr ds ?kjokyksa ds f[kykQ+ cPpksa dh dLVMh ls lacaf/kr dsl o nwljs ifr ls rykd o xqtkjk HkÙkk ls lacaf/kr dsl vnkyr esa nk;j fd;k gSA

jhrk us ckjgoha rd dh i<kbZ dh gSA firk dh rch;r [kjkc gksus dh otg ls og vkxs i<+kbZ tkjh ugha j[k ldh bldk mls csgn eyky gS og dgrh gS& ̂dk'k! eSaus viuh i<+kbZ iwjh dh gksrh] rc 'kk;n esjh ftanxh dqN vkSj gh gksrhA* jhrk ds lkeus vHkh egRoiw.kZ loky thfodk dk Hkh gS] ftldh og ryk'k esa gSA f'k{kk o igpku lacaèkh mlds lHkh nLrkost llqjky okyksa ds ikl gSa] ftls os

6

ykSVk ugha jgsA nLrkostksa ds u gksus ls ukSdjh o vkxs dh f'k{kk nksuksa esa ck/kk vk jgh gSA

tkxksjh }kjk iznku dh xbZ lgk;rk& jhrk tkxksjh ls viuh eka ds ek/;e ls laidZ esa vkbZA jhrk dh eka dkQ+h le; ls tkxksjh dh cSBdksa esa vk jgh FkhaA og mls tkxksjh dh efgyk vf/kdkjksa ls lacaf/kr iqLrdsa Hkh fn;k djrh FkhaA mUgksaus tkxksjh dks Hkh jhrk dh leL;kvksa ls voxr djk;k FkkA cdkSy jhrk] tkxksjh dh igy o lykg ij mldh tcjnLrh 'kknh o llqjky okyksa }kjk ?kj esa ca/kd cuk, j[kus ds f[kykQ+ Fkkus esa fjiksVZ ntZ

gqbZ ftlls og ml dSn ls fudy ikbZA jhrk dk ekeyk VªsfQ+fdax dk Hkh Fkk vkSj ?kjsyw fgalk dk HkhA viuh eka ds

ikl okil ykSVus ds ckn jhrk tkxksjh ds yxkrkj laidZ

esa gSA dkmalfyax ds lkFk&lkFk mls dkuwuh lykg o

lgk;rk Hkh tkxksjh }kjk iznku dh tk jgh gSA cdkSy

jhrk ^nwljh 'kknh ds ihNs llqjky okyksa dk edln Fkk

ifr dh laifÙk ls esjs vfèkdkj dks [kRe djukA eq>

ij yxkrkj ncko Mkyk tk jgk Fkk fd eSa nwljh 'kknh

dj ywaA dgk tkrk gS lekt esa vkSjr dh rHkh bTtr

gS tc mlds lkFk fdlh iq#"k dk uke tqM+k gksA ,d

dkuwu D;k dgrk gS& rykd&jhrk dh nwljh 'kknh /kks[ks ls dh xbZ 'kknh FkhA tc og ekufld :i ls lnes dh fLFkfr esa Fkh rc mls vpkud fcuk crk, /kks[ks ls fdlh O;fDr ls 'kknh dh xbZA bl 'kknh ds lanHkZ esa mls lkspus&le>us dk u rks i;kZIr le; fn;k x;k vkSj u gh mldh bPNk tkuus dh dksf'k'k dh xbZA 'kknh u dsoy èkks[ks ls gqbZ Fkh 'kknh esa iSls dk Hkh ysu&nsu gqvk FkkA ftl O;fDr ls mldh 'kknh dh xbZ mls u'ks dh yr FkhA lkFk gh fookg ds mijkar jhrk ds lkFk og O;fDr ekufld ;kSfud o 'kkjhfjd gj rjg dh fgalk djrk FkkA jhrk us vnkyr esa vius ekStwnk ifr ls rykd ds fy, ;kfpdk nk;j dh gSA fgUnw fookg vfèkfu;e&1955 ds vuqlkj rykd ds fuEufyf[kr lkekU; vk/kkj gSa&

1- O;fHkpkj% ;fn ifr ,d ls vf/kd efgykvksa ls vuSfrd ;kSu laca/k cuk, j[krk gksA

2- Øwjrk% ;fn ifr ;k iRuh }kjk ekufld] ;kSfud] vkfFkZd ;k 'kkjhfjd :i ls viekutud ;k fgalkRed O;ogkj fd;k tkrk gksA

3- yr% ;fn ifr ;k iRuh nksuksa esa ls dksbZ eknd n`O;kas ds lsou ls xzLr gksA

4- uiqaldrk% ;fn ifr ;k iRuh esa ls dksbZ ,d vius ikVZuj dh ;kSu t:jrksa dks iwjk djus esa l{ke u gksA

5- ikxyiu ;k jksx% vxj ifr iRuh nksuska esa ls ,d ykbykt jksx ;k ekufld chekjh ;k 'kkjhfjd fodykaxrk ls xzLr gSA

6- vlaxfr% ;fn ifr iRuh ds fj'rs esa gksus okys erHksn cgqr cM+s gSa vkSj fj'rk dke ugha dj jgk gSA

7- ;fn ifr ;k iRuh fcuk fdlh dkj.k@tkudkjh ds 7 lky ls T+;knk le; ls ykirk gksA

cPps dh dLVMh ls lacaf/kr dkuwu& ;fn ifr cPps dh dLVMh ikus ds fy, dksVZ esa iRuh ls igys ;kfpdk nk;j dj ns] rc Hkh efgyk dks cPps dh dLVMh izkIr djus dk iw.kZ vf/kdkj gSA ifr dh e`R;q ;k rykd gksus dh fLFkfr esa efgyk vius cPpksa dh laj{kd cuus dk nkok dj ldrh gSA vBkjg lky ls NksVk O;fDr ukckfyx ekuk tkrk gSA ukckfyx ds ekrk&firk mlds LokHkkfod vfHkHkkod ekus tkrs gSaA ekrk ;k firk nksuksa ds thfor u gksus ij gh ifjokj ds fdlh nwljs lnL; dks mlds laj{k.k dh ft+Eesnkjh nh tk ldrh gS] ;k fdlh fo'ks"k ifjfLFkfr esa vxj eka ;k firk ekufld :i ls LoLFk u gks ;k cPps dks fdlh ckr dk [krjk gks rc gh dksVZ Lo&foosd ls fdlh ifjokj ds fdlh nwljs djhch fj'rsnkj dks cPps ds laj{k.k dk vfèkdkj ns ldrk gSA

7

gn rd eSa Hkh ;gh eku jgh FkhA blh dk Qk;nk mUgksaus

mBk;kA vc eq>s Li"V gS fd eq>s vkxs D;k dne mBkuk

gS] eq>s vius cPpksa dh dLVMh pkfg, vkSj ml vkneh

ls rykdA nksukas dsl vnkyr esa nk;j dj j[ks gSaA tgka

eq>s le> ugha vkrk dkuwu ;k nwljh dksbZ t+:jr dh ckr rks eSa tkxksjh ls lykg ysrh gwaA

jhrk ds lQjukes dk eukss&lkekftd igyw& ifr dh e`R;q ds ckn nwljh 'kknh ds fy, rS;kj gksus ds ihNs jhrk dh Hkh ;gh lksp Fkh fd vdsyh efgyk ds fy, bl lekt esa thuk vklku ugha gksxkA ;g ekufldrk jhrk ds lkekthdj.k dk ifj.kke gS tks iw.kZr% fir`lÙkkRed gSA ,slk ugha dgk tk ldrk fd jhrk dh 'kknh esa mldh jtkeanh ugha Fkh] tcjnLrh djok nh xbZA gka! ;g vo'; Fkk fd mlds QSlys ij ncko Mkyk x;k ftlls og vius gksus okys ifr ds ckjs esa T+;knk tkudkjh ugha tqVk ikbZ] vkSj xyr O;fDr ls mldk fookg gks x;kA ogha nwljh rjQ ifr dh laifÙk

ij fo/kok cgw dgha fgLlk u eakx ys] bl Mj ls llqjky okyksa }kjk jhrk dh 'kknh djok nh xbZA tcfd e`r csVs

;k HkkbZ ds cPpksa dks vius ikl ;g lksp dj j[k fy;k

x;k fd cPps mudk viuk [kwu gSa] tcfd cPpksa dh eka

ckgj dh O;fDr gSA ;g ̂viuk [kwu* tSlh lksp] efgykvksa

dks oa'k c<+kus dh e'khu ds :i esa ns[kus o mlds

iztUku {kerk ij fu;a=k.k dh ekufldrk dk gh :i

gSA ml ekufldrk dks /kkj.k djus okyk vkSj dksbZ ugha

,d nwljh efgyk ;kfu jhrk dh uun gSA jhrk ds bl

lQjukes esa ihM+d o ihfM+r nksuksa gh efgyk,a gSaA fir`lÙkk

ds iwjs ra=k esa efgyk,a fdl izdkj iqtsZ ds :i esa Hkh dke

djrh g]S bldk mnkgj.k jhrk ds bl lQjukes esa ns[kk

tk ldrk gSA uun tks Lo;a Hkh lekt ds fir`lÙkkRed

Lo:i ls fdlh u fdlh :i esa ihfM+r jgh gh gksxh] ysfdu

ogha og nwljh efgyk ds fy, fir`lÙkk dh izfrfuf/k ds

:i esa dke dj jgh gSA

igkM+ lh eqlhcrksa ds chp vkxs c<+ ikus dk uke vkSjr gS ngkM+rh ulhgrksa ds chp viuh dg ikus dk uke vkSjr gS

gkj ds vUns'kksa ds chp ijpe ygjkus dk uke vkSjr gS

8

chuk

nhnh ^eSa* >wB ugha cksywaxh] esjs ifr esa dksbZ ,c ugha gSA Bhd vkneh gSA* chuk dh ckrphr dk ;s igyk okD; gS vkSj oks Hkh ml ifr ds fy, ftls ukS lky rd bl ckr dh fpark gh ugha Fkh fd oks th jgh gS ;k ej jgh gSA chuk dh dgkuh ds dbZ vk;ke gSaA chuk dh 'kknh l=kg lky dh mez esa gks xbZ FkhA oks 'kknh dh fcYdqy bPNqd ugha Fkh] ij eka cki dh lkekftd etcwjh] rhu csfV;ka] firk dh u ds cjkcj dekbZ] eka dh dM+h esgur&FkksM+h cgqr dekbZ vkSj fQj rhuksa csfV;ksa dh 'kknhA ,sls esa csfV;ksa dh bPNk dk loky ml ifjokj ds fy, csekuh FkkA ^ugha esjk eu ugha Fkk 'kknh dkA mldh rLohj ns[kh rks eka ls cksyh dh fdruk gV~Vk&dV~Vk gS vkSj eSa detksj lh gwaA eq>s 'kknh ls Mj lk yx jgk FkkA irk ugha esjs

lkFk D;k djsxkA* blh Mj ds lkFk chuk dh 'kknh gks xbZA chuk dgrh gS fd tSls gh mlus llqjky esa x`g&izos'k dh jLe ds nkSjku nhokj ij BIik yxk dj iSj nsgjh ds vanj j[kk] tSls fdlh us ¼chuk vkSj llqjky okyksa ds vuqlkj pqM+Sy us½ mls njokts ds ckgj /kDdk ns fn;kA og ogha fxj dj csgks'k gks xbZA rhu&pkj fnu rd mls gks'k gh ugha vk;kA llqjky okys mls MkWDVj dh txg Hkxr ¼rkaf=kd½ ds ikl ys x,A pkSFks fnu mls tc gks'k vk;k rks mls crk;k x;k fd ml ij mldh tsBkuh dh vkRek vk xbZ Fkh ftlls og csgks'k gks xbZ FkhA mlh jkr dks mls ifr ds cxy esa lqyk fn;k x;k ftls vizkÑfrd eSFkqu dh vknr FkhA mlus blds eqag esa diM+k Bwal dj ¼rkfd og nnZ gksus ij fpYyk, ugha½ 'kkjhfjd laca/k cuk;kA bl ?kVuk us chuk dks cqjh rjg Mjk fn;kA dqN fnuksa rd llqjky esa lc dqN blh rjg pyrk jgkA chuk dks vDlj nkSjs iM+us yxs] mldh ekufld fLFkfr cn ls cnrj gksrh xbZA

chuk dh eka dks tc mldh fLFkfr dk irk pyk rc og mls llqjky ls ?kj ysdj vk xbZA chuk dh ekufld fLFkfr /khjs&/khjs iwjh rjg [kjkc gks xbZA nkSjk iM+us ij lkeku dks mBk&mBk dj QsadukA vkus&tkus okyksa ij iRFkj Qsasduk] UkXu voLFkk esa ?kj ls ckgj Hkkx tkuk] tSlh gjdrsa og djus yx xbZA chuk dh eka MkWDVj ds Dyhfudksa dk PkDdj yxkrh jgh] ysfdu chuk dh ekufld fLFkfr esa dksbZ lq/kkj ugha gqvkA 'kkgnjk ds ekufld fpfdRlky; esa Hkh chuk dks j[kk x;k] ysfdu dksbZ lq/kkj ugha gqvk] MkWDVlZ us gkFk [kM+s dj fn,A fQj chuk dh eka mls ysdj vkxjk ds vLirky xbZA ;gka mls bysfDVªd 'kkWd fn, x, o dqN nokb;ka nh xb±] ftlls fLFkfr esa dqN lq/kkj gqvkA ;g lc gksrs&gksrs iwjs ukS lky gks x,A bu ukS lky esa llqjky okyksa us dqN [kkst [kcj ugha yh] cfYd ml ij rykd ds fy, ncko cukrs jgsA

9

MkWDVlZ dk dguk gS fd mldh ekufld leL;k dk bykt+ igyh ckj nkSjk iM+us ij gh fd;k tkuk pkfg, FkkA vks>k o rkaf=kdksa ds pDdj esa iM+us dh txg MkWDVj ds ikl ys x, gksrs rks fLFkfr bruh [kjkc ugha gksrhA MkWDVj bu nkSjksa dh otg fdlh pksV ls fnekx esa vkbZ lwtu o ruko dks ekurs gSaA chuk dh eka ds vuqlkj chuk dks ;g pksV pqMS+y mrkjus dh izfØ;k ds nkSjku flj nhokj ij ekjus ds dkj.k vkbZ gSA ogha chuk vius llqjky okyksa dh rjg viuh ekufld fLFkfr o nkSjksa ds fy, ft+Eesnkj viuh tsBkuh dh vkRek dks gh ekurh gS ftlds isV esa chuk ds ifr dk cPpk Fkk vkSj xHkkZoLFkk esa mldh e`R;q gks xbZ FkhA

cdkSy chuk ;s ckrsa [kqn mls mlds ifr us crk;k FkkA og vkRek ugha pkgrh fd dksbZ vkSjr mlds izseh ds lkFk jgsA ukS lky rd chuk dh eka bykt ds fy, csVh dks fy, b/kj&m/kj HkVdrh jgh] exj llqjky okyksa dh rjQ ls dksbZ lgk;rk ugha vkbZA bÙksQ+kd ls tkxksjh dh dk;ZdrkZ ls mudh eqykdkr gqbZA eka us chuk ds ckjs esa mUgsa crk;kA tkxksjh us chuk ds llqjky okyksa dks ckrphr ds fy, cqyk;kA llqjky okys fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esa mls viukus dks rS;kj ugha FksA mudk dguk Fkk fd chuk ikxy gS] ml ij vkRek dk izdksi gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa mlds cPps Hkh ikxy iSnk gksaxsA ckrphr esa chuk dk ifr mls ikap gtkj #i;s izfr eghus tsc&[kpZ ds rkSj ij nsus o mls iRuh ds :i esa Lohdkjus ds fy, rS;kj gks x;kA chuk dk ifr chuk ds lkFk gh mlds ?kj ij jgus yxk gSA chuk dks jkst nokbZ [kkuh gksrh gS ftldk [kpZ Hkh og Lo;a mBk jgk FkkA bl nkSjku chuk xHkZorh Hkh gqbZ ij fdUgha otgksa ls xHkZikr gks x;kA chuk dk ifr ncs Lojksa esa dbZ ckj chuk dh NksVh cgu ls 'kknh djus dh bPNk Hkh tkfgj dj pqdk FkkA ftls dM+kbZ ls vLohdkj dj fn;k x;kA tYn gh chuk dh NksVh cgu dh 'kknh Hkh gksus okyh gSA llqjky okys o ifr vHkh Hkh chuk dk bykt MkWDVj dh txg Hkxr ls djokus dh ckr dj jgs gSaA fQygky chuk [kq'k Fkh] gkykafd mlds llqjky okys

vHkh Hkh viukus dks rS;kj ugha] ij ifr us mls viuk fy;k FkkA

tkxksjh }kjk nh xbZ lgk;rk % ukS lky ls chuk dk bykt mldh eka vkfFkZd raxh ds ckotwn fdlh izdkj djk jgh FkhA chuk dh eka tkxksjh ds laidZ esa vkbZ] rks mUgksaus chuk dh fLFkfr ds ckjs esa tkxksjh dks crk;kA tkxksjh us chuk ds llqjky okyksa dks ,d i=k Hkstk vkSj mUgsa ckrphr ds fy, cqyk;kA chuk ds llqjky okys fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esa chuk dks viukus dks rS;kj ugha Fks] ysfdu ifr chuk dks vius lkFk j[kus o [kpkZ ikuh nsus vkSj chuk dk Bhd ls bykt djkus ds fy, rS;kj gks x;kA vkilh lgefr ls ;g fu.kZ; fy;k x;k fd chuk dk ifr Hkh chuk ds lkFk chuk ds gh ?kj ij jgsxk tc rd og nwljh txg dksbZ O;oLFkk ugha dj ysrk gSA ;g blfy, Hkh t+:jh Fkk fd chuk dks vHkh iwjh ns[kHkky dh Hkh t+:jr Fkh] tks mlds vius ?kj esa gh laHko FkkA chuk vkSj chuk dk ifr eka ds ?kj ij gh lkFk jg jgs FksA ifr gj eghus mls ikap gtkj #i;s [kpZ ds rkSj ij nsrk Fkk vkSj vkSj mldh nokbZ Hkh og [kqn gh ysdj vkrk FkkA ifr dks gyokbZ ds rkSj ij ukSdjh Hkh fey xbZ Fkh mlus nwljk edku ys dj chuk dks vius lkFk j[kus dh bPNk tkfgj dh FkhA lefUor o fØ;kfUor bykt ls mldh ekufld fLFkfr vc fLFkj FkhA chuk ds thou ds bl lQjukes esa mldh eka dh Hkwfedk Hkh ,d etcwr L=kh ds :i esa jgh gSA rhu csfV;ksa dh ft+Eesnkjh vkSj ifr dh uk ds cjkcj dekbZ us Hkh mlds gkSlys dks ugha rksM+kA csVh ds bykt ds fy, mlus dksbZ dlj ugha NksM+h vkSj u gh pqM+Sy vkSj Hkwr vkus tSlh ckrksa ij fo'okl djds gkFk ij gkFk /kj dj cSB xbZA vxj chuk LoLFk gksdj lkekU; thou th ldh rks mldk Js; dkQ+h gn rd mldh eka dks Hkh tkrk gSA

chuk ds lQjukes dk euks&lkekftd igyw& 'kknh ls igys tks yM+dh fcYdqy lkekU; Fkh og ekufld rkSj ij bl fLFkfr esa dSls igqap xbZA vxj og ekufld :i ls LoLF; ugha Fkh rks mlds y{k.k 'kknh ls igys Hkh dqN

10

u dqN ut+j t+:j vkrsA otg cgqr Li"V gS fookg ds izfr vfuPNk] Mj] us nkSjs dk 'kDy 'kf[r;kj dj yh vkSj vaèkfo'okl us mls pqM+Sy ds izdksi dk uke ns] ikxyiu rd igqap fn;kA chuk 'kknh ugha djuk pkgrh Fkh] mldh mez Hkh ugha Fkh 'kknh dhA laHkor% 'kknh ds lanHkZ esa ;k mldh Hkkoh ifr dh dYiuk ls og O;fDr fcYdqy vyx Fkk ftlls mldh 'kknh gksus okyh FkhA ekufld rkSj ij og bl 'kknh vkSj ml O;fDr dks ftlls mldh 'kknh gksus okyh Fkh] viukus dks rS;kj ugha FkhA ekufld dqaBk,a] [kqn dks vfHkO;Dr u dj ikus ls cuh ?kqVu] nch gqbZ bPNk,a] lekt ifjokj dh vksj ls cuk;k x;k ekufld ncko tSlh otgsa] dbZ ckj efgykvksa esa] nsoh ;k pqM+Sy vkus tSlh ?kVukvksa ds :i esa ifj.kr gksrh fn[krh gSaA chuk ds ekeys esa Hkh ,slk gh gqvkA mlds :i jax dks ysdj Hkh llqjky okyksa us mlds vanj ghu Hkkouk Hkj nh FkhA lekt esa 'kkjhfjd t+:jr ;k ;kSu laca/k dks nks vyx :iksa esa ns[kk tkrk gSA

tgka efgyk ;k yM+dh ds fy, 'kknh ls igys og ^xank dke* gksrk gS ogha 'kknh ds ckn ifr dh 'kkjhfjd t+:jrksa dks iwjk djus ds dÙkZO; o larku iSnk djus dh izfØ;k ds :i esa ns[kk tkrk gSA efgyk dh ^viuh 'kkjhfjd t+:jr* tSlh dksbZ vo/kkj.kk gh ugha gksrhA vDlj ns[kk x;k gS fd 'kknh ls igys [kklrkSj ij ifr ds lkFk igyh ckj cuk, tkus okys ;kSu laca/k dks ysdj yM+fd;ksa ds vanj dbZ izdkj ds Mj gksrs gSaA ml Mj dks nwj djus dh dksf'k'k ifr dh rjQ ls Hkh ugha dh tkrh gS ifr

Hkh viuh fir`lÙkkRed lksp ds varxZr mrkoysiu esa mfpr&vuqfpr dh lhekvksa dks Hkh yka?k tkrk gS uofookfgr iRuh dh Hkkoukvksa ;k bPNk&vfuPNk dks le>uk rks cgqr nwj dh ckr gSA chuk ds lkFk Hkh ,slk gh gqvk Fkk( 'kknh ds ckn ifr ds lkFk dSlk 'kkjhfjd laca/k cusxk] bls ysdj og igys ls gh Mjh gqbZ FkhA ckn esa ifr ds ;kSu O;ogkj us mls vkSj Hkh T+;knk Mjk fn;k FkkA

tkxksjh }kjk ifr dks le>k, tkus ds ckn fLFkfr esa cnyko vk;k] ysfdu gesa ;g Hkh ns[kuk gksxk fd chuk ds ikxyiu ds ckn Hkh mlds ifr us mls viuk;kA tcfd og mldh ekufld fLFkfr dk cgkuk cuk dj mlls vyx gks ldrk FkkA ;gka bl ckr dh laHkkouk rks fn[krh gS fd ifr dk chuk ds izfr O;ogkj mldk ewy O;ogkj ugha Fkk] cfYd lekt o ifjokj }kjk vkjksfir O;ogkj gS] ftlesa lq/kkj laHko FkkA ysfdu laHkor% fd ifr ds O;ogkj esa tks lq/kkj vk;k gS og Mj dh otg ls gks] tks chuk ds ihNs tkxksjh ;k fdlh efgyk laxBu ds [kM+s gksus dh otg ls cuk!

vkt chuk thfor ugha gSA mls fQj ls ikxyiu dk nkSjk iM+k FkkA mldh ekufld fLFkfr esa uhan dh xksfy;ka vfèkd ek=kk esa [kk ysus ds dkj.k ls chuk dh e`R;q gks xbZA xksfy;ka mlus [kqn [kkbZ ;k fdlh us f[kykbZ( vc rks og ekbds esa Fkh fQj mldk bykt le; ij D;ksa ugha gqvk( chuk ds bykt esa ykijokgh dk nks"kh dkSu gS] ;s lkjs loky mldh e`R;q ds lkFk gh [kkeks'k gks x, gSaA

ij yxk fy;s gSa geus & 2 vc fiatjksa esa dkSu cSBsxk] t+jk lqu yks

tc rksM+ nh gSa ta+t+hjsa & 2 rks dke;kc gks tk;saxs] t+jk lqu yks

11

'kkafr

'kkafr lksyg lky dh mez esa vius ?kj] v#.kkpy izns'k ls vius eqagcksys HkkbZ ds ifjokj ds lkFk fnYyh vk xbZ FkhA vksiu Ldwy ls nloha dh ijh{kk tc 'kkafr us nh rks HkkbZ ftls og HkS;k dgrh Fkh] us dgk fd oks Hkh mUkds lkFk fnYyh pysA HkkHkh us cPps dks tUe fn;k Fkk vkSj mUgsa ns[kHkky dh t:jr FkhA ekrk&firk us Hkh HkkbZ ds bl izLrko dks lg"kZ Lohdkj dj fy;kA cdkSy 'kkafr firk dks csfV;ka cks> yxrh Fkha] oks Hkh ,d ugha lkr csfV;ka FkhaA mudh bPNk jgrh Fkh fd csfV;ka utjksa ls nwj gh jgsa rks csgrj gS\ HkS;k lh-vkj-ih-,Q- esa dk;Zjr FksA og viuh iksfLVax ij pys x,A 'kkafr Hkkeh ds lkFk fnYyh esa jg xbZA HkS;k ds ,d NksVs HkkbZ Hkh Fks tks mlh ifjokj esa lkFk jgrs FksA mUgksaus 'kkafr dks ,d daiuh esa ukSdjh

yxok nh] rkfd tc og ?kj okil ykSVs rks mlds ikl dqN iSls Hkh gksaA 'kkafr ukSdjh djus yxh] ysfdu HkS;k ds ifjokj dk joS;k cnyus yxk] mlds izfr muds O;ogkj esa dM+okgV vkus yxhA ogha 'kkafr dks HkS;k ds NksVs HkkbZ ds :[k esa Hkh cnyko lkQ fn[kus yxk FkkA

cdkSy 'kkafr ^og eq> ij xyr utj j[kus yxk Fkk] ij eSa ;g lc ckrsa fdldks crkrhA vdsyh jksrh FkhA ,slk dksbZ O;fDr esjs ikl ugha Fkk ftlls viuh ckrsa 'ks;j djrh] lykg ysrhA eSa cgqr vdsyh FkhA mez Hkh T+;knk ugha FkhA* 'kkafr ftl daiuh esa dke djrh Fkh ogka T+;knk jkr gksus ij daiuh dh xkM+h mls ?kj NksM+ fn;k djrh FkhA viusiu dh ryk'k ls tw>rh 'kkafr dh nksLrh ml xkM+h ds Mªkboj ls gks xbZ tks /khjs&/khjs ut+nhfd;ksa esa ifj.kr gks xbZA og Mªkboj usiky fuoklh FkkA bl ckr dh tkudkjh tc HkS;k ds ifjokj okyksa dks gqbZ rks mUgksaus 'kkafr dks okil mlds ?kj Hkst fn;k] ysfdu mlds firk mls ?kj ij j[kus dks rS;kj ugha gq,] og okil fnYYkh vk xbZA vc og mlh Mªkboj ds lkFk jgus yxhA bl fj'rs esa og xHkZorh gks xbZA ;g lqudj 'kkafr dh eka fnYyh vkbZ vkSj ml vkneh ls feyhA 'kkafr dh eka us tc fookg ds fy, dgk rks mlus blds fy, gkeh Hkjh vkSj mls xkao ys tkus dh bPNk tkfgj dhA

oDr chrrk x;k vkSj mlus ,d yM+ds dks Hkh tUe fn;kA chp&chp esa og vDlj nks&rhu eghuksa ds fy, xkao pyk tkrk FkkA csVs ds tUe ds ckn og mUgsa ysdj usiky esa vius xkao vk x;kA tgka igqap dj 'kkafr dks irk pyk fd og igys ls fookfgr gS vkSj mls ,d csVh Hkh gSA bl lp us mlds iSjksa rys t+ehu [khap yhA vkil esa cgqr yM+kbZ&>xM+s gq,A igys ls fookfgr gksus ds ckotwn og mlls nwljh 'kknh djus dh ckr djus yxkA 'kkafr ds vkRelEeku us nwljh iRuh cu dj jguk Lohdkj ugha fd;kA og cPpksa dks ysdj okil fnYyh vk xbZA ckn esa

12

og vkneh fnYyh Hkh vk;k vkSj cPpksa dks vius lkFk ys tkus dh ckr djus yxkA 'kkafr blds fy, rS;kj ugha gqbZA og fQj mlds lkFk dqN fnu jgk fQj mlds uke fpV~Bh NksM+dj usiky okil pyk x;kA 'kkafr ml fpV~Bh dks ysdj iqfyl ds ikl xbZ] ysfdu iqfyl us ;g dg dj vius gkFk [kM+s dj fy, fd ;g ekeyk usiky dk gS] os blesa dqN ugha dj ldrsA og fpV~Bh Hkh iqfyl okyksa us vius ikl gh j[k yhA

ek=k mUuhl lky dh mez] nks NksVs cPps] u rks flj ij Nr Fkk vkSj u gh gkFk esa ukSdjh] fnYyh tSls egkuxj esa ft+anxh bruh vklku ugha FkhA mlus eka&cki ls cPpksa dh dqN le; ns[kHkky djus dh lgk;rk ekaxhA cdkSy 'kkafr ^?kjokyksa dks rks 'kq: ls ;gh yxrk Fkk eSa cks> gwaA ,d ckj eEeh&ikik dks cksyk Hkh fd esjs cPpksa dks FkksM+s fnu ns[k yks tc rd eSa lsVy gks tkÅa] ysfdu tc eSaus cPpksa dks eka ds ikl Hkstk rks mUgksaus cPpksa ij dqN /;ku gh ugha fn;kA ,Mfe'ku rd ugha djk;k FkkA rks eq>s yxk fd tks djuk gS vc eq>s gh djuk gS esjs lkFk dksbZ ugha [kM+k gSA* cPpksa dks dHkh iM+kslh ds] dHkh edku ekfyd ds gokys dj] og ukSdjh ds fy, tkus yxhA

bl chp mlus viuh i<+kbZ Hkh tkjh j[kkA lqcg mB dj cPpksa ds fy, fnu Hkj dk [kkuk cukuk] ukSdjh ij tkuk vkSj jkr dks tkx dj i<+kbZ djuk mldh jkst dh fnup;kZ gks xbZA ft+anxh py jgh Fkh] ij ,d [kkyhiu FkkA I;kj vkSj viusiu dh deh mls yxkrkj [ky jgh FkhA ,d fnu vPkkud cl esa mldh eqykdkr latho ,d O;fDr ls gqbZA og fcgkj dk FkkA 'kkafr dh eka Hkh fcgkj dh gSA 'kkafr dks ,d gh izns'k ds gksus dh otg ls viukiu lk yxkA ;g eqykdkr fQj Q+ksu uacjksa dh vnyk&cnyh esa rCnhy gks xbZA vc latho ds vDlj Qksu vkus yxsA mlus latho dks crk j[kk Fkk fd mldh 'kknh gks pqdh gS vkSj ifr lkFk gh jgrk gSA latho us dbZ ckj Qksu ij ifr ls ckr djokus dks dgkA ,d fnu ftl vkWfQ+l esa 'kkafr dke dj jgh Fkh] ogka fdlh deZpkjh dh inksUufr ij ikVhZ dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA ml ikVhZ ls ykSVrs oDr 'kkafr dks rch;r [kjkc gksrh

gqbZ eglwl gqbZ] mlh oDr latho dk Q+ksu vk x;kA mlus latho dks Q+ksu dj bl ckr dh tkudkjh nhA latho mls ysus ogka igqap x;k vkSj ?kj rd mls NksM+us vk;kA lqcg 11 cts tc 'kkafr dks gks'k vk;k rks mlus ns[kk latho jkr Hkj ogha jgk FkkA latho us ?kj ns[k fy;k Fkk vkSj vc og vDlj vkus yxkA latho us mls fo'okl fnyk;k fd og mlls izse djrk gS vkSj dksVZ esa 'kknh Hkh djsxkA latho vkSj 'kkafr ds chp ut+nhfd;ka c<+us yxha vkSj og nksuksa ifr&iRuh dh rjg jgus yxsA gkykafd latho us ,d vkSj dejk ys j[kk Fkk vkSj og nksigj esa ogka jgrk Fkk vkSj jkr dks 'kkafr ds ikl vk tkrk FkkA muds chp 'kknh dks ysdj yM+kbZ Hkh gksrh Fkh ftlesa og ges'kk ;gh dgrk jgk fd tSls gh mldh ukSdjh LFkkbZ gks tk,xh og 'kknh dj ysxkA

2005 ls 2013 rd ,sls gh pyrk jgkA ,d ckj tc latho fdlh cgkus ?kj ls ckgj Fkk rks jkr dks 'kkafr ds ikl olar dqat esa jgus okys fdlh O;fDr ds ?kj ls Qksu vk;k fd og mudh MksesfLVd gsYij ds lkFk xyr gkykr esa idM+k x;k gSA 'kkafr mls Fkkus ls NqM+k dj ykbZA ,slh gh ,d ?kVuk gqbZ tc 'kkafr dh csVh dks ugkrs gq, ,slk eglwl gqvk tSls mls dksbZ ns[k jgk gSA tcfd ?kj esa latho vkSj mlds vykok dksbZ ugha FkkA mlus ;g ckr viuh eka dks crkbZ] ysfdu fo'okl vkSj izse us 'kkafr dh vak[kksa dks can dj fn;k] mlus bu ckrksa ij T+;knk /;ku ugha fn;kA o"kZ 2013 esa tc og xkao ls ykSV dj vk;k rks 'kkafr us ns[kk og vDlj vius Q+ksu ij yxk jgrk FkkA dHkh Nqi dj ckrsa djrk] dHkh eSlst HkstrkA ^eaSus ,d fnu mldk Qksu mlls Nqik dj ns[kk rks mlesa ,d yM+dh dh rLohj FkhA eaSus tc ml rLohj ds ckjs esa iwNk rks mlus crk;k fd og mldh eaxsrj gSA eaSS cgqqr jksbZ] >xMk+ fd;k rks mlus eqq>s cgqqr ekjkA eaS mlls cgqr I;kj djrh FkhA oks ,slss /kks[kk dSls ns ldrk gS eq>sA eq>s mlus bLrseky fd;k gSA mldk cl pyrk rks oks eq>s ml fnu ekj gh MkyrkA iSj ls] gkFk ls] twrs ls irk ugha fdl&fdl pht ls mlus eq>s ekjkA eaSus mlls iwNk fQj eaSS D;k gaw\ rks dgk rw rks nks cPpksasa dh eka gS] rsjs lkFk D;k eSa viuh ft+anxh

13

[kjkc d:axkA* latho fQj ?kj ls fudy dj pyk x;kA 'kkafr us Fkkus esa bl ekjihV ds f[kykQ+ fjiksVZ fy[kokbZA ,l-,p-vks- us 'kkafr ls latho ds ykSVus ij mUgsa crkus dks dgkA latho dqN fnuksa ckn okil ykSV vk;kA mlus 'kkafr ls ekQ+h oxSjg ekaxh vkSj lkFk jgus yxkA bl nkSjku latho us dqN iSls 'kkafr ls m/kkj fy, vkSj te dj [kjhnkjh dhA ^eq>s ugha irk Fkk fd oks viuh 'kknh ds fy, ;g lc [kjhn jgk gSA rhu pkj fnu ckn fcuk crk, xkao pyk x;k vkSj ogka tk dj 'kknh dj yhA eq>s mlds nksLrksa us 'kknh ds ckjs esa crk;kA eSa mlds xkao pyh xbZA og guhewu ds fy, x;k gqvk FkkA eSaus mlds firk dks lc dqN crk;k] mUgksaus lcwr ekaxkA esjs ikl lcwr ds rkSj ij dqN Hkh ugha FkkA mlus lc dqN feVk fn;k FkkA* lkjs QksVks fMyhV dj fn, Fks\ 'kkafr ogka Fkkus esa Hkh f'kdk;r djus xbZ] tgka fnYyh esa ntZ f'kdk;r dh ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- dh dkWih ekaxh xbZA og fnYyh okil ykSV xbZA ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- djus ls igys latho fQj fnYyh igqap x;k vkSj 'kkafr ls fey dj ckr djus ds fy, dgkA 'kkafr us bldh lwpuk Fkkus esa nh rks ogka ls Hkh ;gh dgk x;k fd og latho ls fey dj ckrphr dj ys] vHkh dksbZ ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- ugha gks ldrh gSA latho us 'kkafr dks igkM+xat ds ,d gksVy esa feyus ds fy, cqyk;k] tgka fQj ls latho us mlds lkFk 'kkjhfjd laca/k cuk,A latho us dgk fd oks viuh iRuh dks ugha NksM+ ldrk gS] vxj blds ckn Hkh 'kkafr mlds lkFk jgus dks rS;kj gS rks ;g laca/k mls Lohdk;Z gSA 'kkafr bl ?kVuk ds ckn iwjh rjg VwV xbZA dgha dksbZ lquokbZ ugha gksrh ns[k grk'k gks ,u-th-vks- dh ryk'k esa yx xbZ fd 'kk;n muds ek/;e ls mls U;k; fey tk,A ^rc eSa tkxksjh ds laidZ esa vkbZA vxj tkxksjh ugha gksrh rks eSa [kM+h ugha gks ikrhA bUgksaus eq>s laHkkyk eSa rks fcYdqy VwVh gqbZ FkhA dqN le> ugha vk jgk Fkk fd D;k d:aA budh enn ls ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- ntZ gqbZA vnkyr esa dsl 'kq: gqvk] ysfdu eSa dsl gkj xbZA

eq>s yxrk gS ,slk dkuwu gksuk pkfg, tks vkSjr dh ekufld fLFkfr dks Hkh le>s] fd ijs'kkuh esa fdl rjg mlus fjiksVZ fy[kkuk gS] u fd ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- dh Hkk"kk]

f'kdk;r dh Hkk"kk esa gh my> dj jg tk,A esjh ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- esa ;g ckr dgha ugha Fkh fd ckrphr ds cgkus eq>s cqykdj mlus fQj ls esjs lkFk 'kkjhfjd laca/k cuk;kA eSa dsl t+:j gkj xbZ] ysfdu eSa fgEer ugha gkjh gwaA eSa gkbZ dksVZ tkÅaxhA*

dkuwu D;k dgrk gS% 'kkafr ds nksuksa gh laca/k fyo bu

fjys'ku ds varxZr vk,axsA ¼1½ lqizhe dksVZ us ,d QSlys

esa fyo bu fjys'kuf'ki dks fookg ds nk;js esa u j[krs

gq, Hkh ?kjsyw fgalk dkuwu ds nk;js esa ekuk gSA fyo bu

laca/k esa Hkh vxj efgyk ds lkFk fdlh rjg dh fgalk

gksrh gS rks og ?kjsyw fgalk dkuwu ds varxZr f'kdk;r

ntZ dj ldrh gSA ¼2½ fyo bu fjys'kuf'ki esa 'kknh

dk >kalk nsdj 'kkjhfjd laca/k cukus tSlh f'kdk;rksa

dh ,d cM+h la[;k gSA bu f'kdk;rksa dks igys

cykRdkj ds vijk/k ds :Ik esa ntZ fd;k tkrk FkkA

gky gh esa fnYyh gkbZdksVZ us ,sls ekeyksa esa iqfyl dks

cykRdkj ds ctk, ^fo'okl Hkax* ;k ^fØfeuy czhp

vkWQ+ VªLV* ds varxZr dsl ntZ djus dk vkns'k fn;k

gSA ¼3½ ;fn dksbZ iq#"k fdlh efgyk dks 'kknh dk >kalk

nsdj 'kkjhfjd laca/k cuk, vkSj 'kknh ls badkj dj ns rks

/kkjk 493 ds varxZr efgyk f'kdk;r dj ldrh gSA

vkSj nks"kh ik, tkus ij mls vf/kdre nl lky rd

dh ltk gks ldrh gSA

tkxksjh }kjk nh xbZ lgk;rk% 'kkafr tkxksjh ds laidZ esa 2013 esa vkbZ] tc latho xkao esa 'kknh dj pqdk FkkA 'kkafr HkkoukRed :Ik ls cgqr ijs'kku FkhA lcls igys 'kkafr dh dkmalfyax dh xbZ ftlls og HkkoukRed :Ik ls fLFkj gqbZA og pkgrh Fkh fd oks latho ds f[kykQ dkuwuh yM+kbZ yM+sA tkxksjh us 'kkafr dh bPNk dk /;ku j[krs gq, mls dkuwuh lykg nh o ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- ntZ djokus esa mldh enn dhA 'kkafr us vnkyr esa dsl nk;j djok;k] vkSj ,d yach dkuwuh yM+kbZ yM+hA 'kkafr us viuh yM+kbZ [kqn yM+h mls cl ,d ekufld lgkjs dh t+:jr Fkh] tks mls tkxksjh ls feykA bl dkuwuh yM+kbZ esa Hkh vnkyr dh dk;Zokgh ls lacaf/kr tkudkjh

14

dh t+:jr tc dHkh 'kkafr dks gksrh Fkh rks og rqjar tkxksjh ls laidZ djrh FkhA 'kkafr ds 'kCnksa esa &^tkxksjh ds :Ik esa eq>s ,d lgsyh] ,d vfHkHkkod fey xbZ gSA*

'kkafr ds lQjukes dk euks&lkekftd igyw& 'kkafr ds thou esa vkbZ leL;k dh tM+ ml lksp ds lkFk tqM+h gqbZ gS tks yM+dh ds tUe dks cks> le>rh gSA 'kkafr dh lkr cgusa Fkha] csVs dh pkg esa mlds ekrk&firk us ,d ds ckn ,d vkB cPpksa dks tUe fn;k FkkA Li"V gS fd brus cPpksa dk ikyu&iks"k.k djuk muds cl dh ckr ugha FkhA 'kkafr cpiu ls gh misf{kr jghA vkReh;rk o yxko dh pkg esa og ,d laca/k esa xbZ] ysfdu ckn esa mls irk py x;k fd og ftl O;fDr ds lkFk laca/k esa xbZ gS og igys ls gh fookfgr gSA

igys O;fDr us fookfgr gksus ds ckotwn mls viukus dh ckr dgh ysfdu 'kkafr dks ;g ckr lgh ugha yxhA 'kkafr dh ;g lksp lgh Fkh] ysfdu ogh O;fDr tc fQj ls mlds lkFk jgus yxk rks 'kkafr us bldk fojks/k ugha fd;kA dgk tk ldrk gS fd dbZ ckj Hkkouk,a] O;ogkfjdrk o foosd ij bl dnj gkoh gks tkrs gSa fd balku nwj rd ugha lksp ikrk gS] ,slk gh 'kkafr ds lkFk Hkh gqvk gksxkA ml O;fDr ls mls nks cPps Hkh gq,A ,d fnu vpkud og O;fDr mls NksM+ dj pyk x;k] ftldh fjiksVZ mlus iqfyl esa fy[kokbZ Hkh FkhA fQj ,d ckj og nwljs O;fDr latho ds lkFk ̂ fyo bu* esa xbZA vkt lekt esa ̂ fyo bu* tSls laca/kksa dk dkQh izpyu gSA bls fookg tSls caèkuiw.kZ lkekftd <+kpsa ds fojks/k esa* ,d fodYi ds :i esa ns[kk tk jgk gSA bldh [kkfl;r ;g gS fd blesa L=kh&iq#"k ds laca/kksa esa lekt dk dksbZ gLr{ksi ugha gksrk gSA nksuksa ikVZuj ds chp tc rd lkeatL; cuk jgrk gS rc rd ;g fj'rk pyrk gS] tc buesa ls fdlh ,d Hkh ikVZuj dks fj'rs esa ls fudyuk gksrk gS og fudy ldrk gSA

ysfdu Hkkjrh; lekt esa efgykvksa dk ftl izdkj dk lekthdj.k gqvk gS mlesa vDlj fdlh fj'rs ls fudyuk muds fy, vklku ugha gksrk gSA ^fyo bu* esa og Hkkoqd

{k.kksa esa iq#"k ikVZuj ds lkFk pyh rks tkrh gSa] ysfdu tc iq#"k ikVZuj ml fj'rs ls fudy tkrk gS ;k fudyuk pkgrk gS rks bl rF; dks Lohdkjuk] efgyk ds fy, laHko ugha gks ikrk gSA dkuwuh rkSj ij ;g ekeyk èkks[ks dk ugha cu ikrk] D;ksafd ^fyo bu* fj'rk ;kSu 'kks"k.k ls tqM+s dkuwu ds nk;js esa ugha vkrk gSA

?kjsyw fgalk dkuwu ds rgr dsoy ^fyo bu* esa gqbZ fgalk dks 'kkfey fd;k x;k gS] bl fj'rs dks dkuwuh tkek ugha iguk;k x;k gSA dkuwuh tkek bls iguk;k Hkh ugha tk ldrk] D;ksafd bl fj'rs dh vo/kkj.kk gh dkuwuh o lkekftd ekU;rkvksa ds fojks/k esa cuh gSA bl rjg ds fj'rksa esa ;g lkfcr djuk cgqr dfBu gksrk gS fd iq#"k us fdlh rjg dk ok;nk djds efgyk ds lkFk laca/k cuk;k Fkk] D;ksafd ;g nks O;fDr ds csgn futh nk;js dh ckrsa gksrh gSaA dbZ ekeyksa esa ;g Hkh ns[kk x;k gS fd efgyk vius ikVZuj dk fj'rs ls fudyuk lg ugha ikrh rc og lgefr ls cus 'kkjhfjd laca/k dks ^jsi* dgdj ;k ^'kknh dk ok;nk dj laca/k cukus* tSls vkjksi yxk dj vius ikVZuj dks jksdus dk iz;Ru djrh gSA gkykafd efgykvksa dk bl rjg ds vkjksi yxkus ds ihNs edln dsoy laca/k dks cpkuk gksrk gSA efgykvksa dks bl fj'rs esa tkus ls igys bl fj'rs dh lhekvksa ds fy, ekufld rkSj ij rS;kj gksuk gksxk] D;ksafd blh rjg dh vlqj{kk ls cpko ds fy, gh ^fookg* tSlh lkekftd laLFkk,a gSa] ij mldh Hkh viuh leL;k,a gSaA

'kkafr ds lQ+jukes esa vkReh;rk o izse dh fujarj ryk'k gS] vkSj ml ryk'k esa og fta+nxh ds] laca/kksa ds dbZ :iksa dks ns[krh gSA mlds lQjukes dk lcls ldkjkRed igyw ;g gS fd mldh la?k"kZ Hkkouk dh /kkj lHkh ?kVukvksa ds ckn iSuh gksrh tkrh gSA thou esa ,d rjQ og fj'rksa dks th jgh gS] muls gkj jgh gS] ysfdu nwljh rjQ viuh f'k{kk ij /;ku nsdj [kqn dks etcwr djrh tk jgh gS] vius iSjksa ij iwjh rjg [kM+h gS] vius fdlh Hkh QSlys ds fy, og fdlh ij fuHkZj ugha gSA

15

tjhuk

^vkneh 'kjkc ihdj] ekjihV dj cksys ^rykd&rykd& rykd* rks lc lgh gS] ;s mldk gd gS] vkSjr lc dqN >syrh jgs] oks ml ft+anxh ls NqVdkjk pkgsxh rks] ;s x+yr gSA ifr ls viuh bPNk ls vyx gksus dk mls vf/kdkj ugha gSA dqjku us vkSjrksa dks Hkh gd fn;k gS fd os rykd ysa] ij muds uqekbans vkSjrksa dks uSfrd f'k{kk nsus yxrs gSa fd ifr ls rykd ysuk xyr gSA nkst[k+ feysxkA okg! [kqnk ds uke ij dqN Hkh dj yksA [kqyk dk vf/kdkj dqjku us vkSjrksa dks fn;k gS] fQj ;s yksx dkSu gksrs gSa gels ;s gd Nhuus okysA tjhuk dh igyh 'kknh X;kjg lky dh mez esa gqbZ FkhA mldh eka tks Lo;a ?kjsyw fgalk dh f'kdkj Fkh ,d fnu fgEer dj] viuh nq/keaqgh cPph dks xksn esa ys ml rdyhQnsg fta+nxh ls ckgj fudy enzkl ls fnYyh vk xbZ FkhA

ukSdjh dh ryk'k esa b/kj&m/kj HkVdrh jgh vkSj NksVs&eksVs dke dj viuk vkSj viuh cPph dk isV Hkjrh jghA tc cPph dh mez X;kjg lky gks xbZ rks csVh dh lqj{kk eka ds fy, ,d leL;k cu xbZA etcwju mlus tjhuk dh 'kknh ml NksVh mez esa dj nhA ifr bDdhl&ckbl lky dk toku FkkA 'kknh ds dqN lky ckn tc csVh gqbZ rks tjhuk ds izfr llqjky okyksa dk joS;k cny x;kA csVh dks tUe nsus dk rkuk vkSj ekjihV mlds thou dk fgLlk cu x;kA fQj nwljh csVh gqbZ vkSj fQj ,d csVkA csVs ds tUe ds ckn tSls gh mldh fta+nxh FkksM+h csgrj gksus yxh fd ifr QsQM+s dh chekjh dk f'kdkj gksdj ej x;kA rhu NksVs&NksVs cPps vkSj vdsyh vkSjr ds fy, fta+nxh pykuk cgqr eqf'dy gks x;kA tjhuk dh mez Hkh vHkh cgqr de FkhA eka us tjhuk dh nwljh 'kknh djok nhA

gkykafd tjhuk nwljh 'kknh ds fy, rS;kj ugha Fkh ij eka ds O;ogkfjd utfj, us mls 'kknh ds fy, rS;kj fd;kA ysfdu ;g nwljh 'kknh Hkh mlds fy, ,d nq[kn vuqHko gh jghA 'kknh ds rqjar ckn gh llqjky okyksa dh rjQ ls ngst dh ekax] ekjihV vkSj csVs dh nwljh 'kknh djus dh /kedh 'kq: gks xbZA 'kknh ds ckn gh tjhuk dks irk py x;k Fkk fd mlds ifr dh igys Hkh ,d ckj 'kknh gks pqdh gS] ftlds ckjs esa mUgsa ugha crk;k x;k FkkA dqN lky tjhuk dk fookfgr thou blh izdkj pyrk jgkA dqN lky ckn mls irk pyk fd ifr us ngst ds ykyp esa nwljh 'kknh rks dkQh igys gh dj yh FkhA nksuksa gh txg oks fj'rs dks pyk jgk FkkA tjhuk nwljh iRuh ds ?kjokyksa ds ikl xbZ vkSj mUgsa crk;k fd mUgsa Hkh /kks[kk fn;k x;k gSA ftl vkneh dks os viuh csVh ;k cgu dk ifr le> jgs gSa og rks igys ls gh fookfgr gSA ysfdu tjhuk ds ikl viuh ckr dks lkfcr djus ds fy, dksbZ lcwr ugha Fkk] 'kknh ls lacaf/kr lHkh nLrkostksa dks mlds ifr us igys gh QkM+ fn;k FkkA etcwju og

16

ml ifr dgykus okys vkneh ds f[kykQ dqN ugha dj ikbZA vdsys gh vius cPpksa dk ikyu&iks"k.k djus yxhA ianzg o"kZ dh vk;q esa csVs dk lkFk Hkh NwV x;kA csVk chekj gqvk vkSj Bhd ugha gks ik;kA brus lalk/ku Hkh ugha Fks ftldk bLrseky dj og csVs dh tku cpk ikrhA

tjhuk fnYyh ds ftl bykds esa jgrh gS ogka u'ks dk O;kikj [kqysvke pyrk gS] dgha dksbZ jksdus okyk ugha gSA mldh nksuksa csfV;ka Hkh u'ks dh yr dk f'kdkj gks xbZaA tjhuk dh vFkd dksf'k'k Hkh mUgsa bl Hkaoj ls fudky ugha ikbZA csfV;ksa us bl u'ks dh fLFkfr esa 'kkfn;ka Hkh dha vkSj cPps Hkh gq,A eka&cki nksuksa u'ks esa jgrs rks cPps Hkw[ks I;kls ;gka ls ogka HkVdrs jgrsA tjhuk ls ;g cnkZ'r ugha gqvk og nksuksa csfV;ksa ds cPpksa dks vius ikl ys vkbZA blh nkSjku og tkxksjh ds laidZ esa Hkh vkbZA tkxksjh dh cSBdksa esa 'kkfey gksus yxhA efgyk vf/kdkjksa ls lacaf/kr lwpukvksa ls mldh lksp esa tcjnLr cnyko vk;kA vc og efgyk vf/kdkjksa dk dgha Hkh guu gksrs ns[krh rks vdsyh gh la?k"kZ ds fy, mrj iM+rhA efgyk eqn~nksa ds izfr laosnu'khyrk o la?k"kZ tjhuk ds LoHkko dk fgLlk cu x;k gSA

dqN le; igys gh mlus ,d vkSj 'kknh dh gSA cdkSy tjhuk ^oks iM+ksl esa gh jgrk FkkA mldh iRuh ej pqdh gS] nks NksVs cPps gSa Ng vkSj vkB lky dsA mUgsa eSa vDlj ns[krh FkhA xans] Hkw[ks&I;kls ?kwers jgrs FksA eq>s cPpksa ij cgqr n;k vkrh Fkh] fcuk eka ds cPps FksA [kqn ds fy, Hkh yxrk Fkk] dksbZ rks gks] tks eq>s I;kj djsA esjs ckjs esa Hkh lkspsA cgqr vdsykiu FkkA eSaus cPps ds firk ls 'kknh dj yhA gkykafd eka blds fy, rS;kj ugha FkhA mUgsa yxrk Fkk fd ;s vkneh Bhd ugha gSA eka bl otg ls eq> ls vkt Hkh ckr ugha djrh gSaA* tjhuk us cPpksa ds izfr n;k vkSj dkQ+h gn rd viusiu dh ryk'k esa ,d ckj fQj ls 'kknh tSls fj'rs esa tkus dk tksf[ke mBk;kA dqN eghus rks lc dqN Bhd pykA ysfdu /khjs&/khjs ifr ds O;ogkj esa cnyko vkus yxkA u'kk djuk vkSj vM+kslh&iM+kslh ds f[kykQ+ vuxZy

ckrsa djuk mldk jkst dk dke gks x;kA ^vklikl ds yksxksa ds ckjs esa] efgykvksa ds ckjs esa bruh xanh&xanh ckrsa djrk gS] eq>ls lgu ugha gksrk gSA cgqr ?kfV;k ckrsa djrk gS] eSa vius eqag ls cksy Hkh ugha ldrhA dqN dekrk ugha gS] tks dHkh FkksM+k fjD'kk pyk dj dekrk gS u'ks esa mM+k nsrk gSA eSa fdlh rjg tkxksjh esa LkQkbZ dk dke djds vkSj FkksM+k cgqr nwljs ?kjksa esa dke djds tks dek jgh gwa mlls lkr cPpksa dk vkSj gekjk isV Hkj jgk gSA mlesa Hkh oks eq>ls iSls ekaxrk gSA u nks rks yM+kbZ >xM+s djrk gSA dgrk gS mlds nks csVs Fks blfy, eSaus mlls 'kknh dhA nhnh eSaus D;k pkgk Fkk mlls] FkksM+k I;kj gh uk! vkSj mlds cPPks] ftUkds fy, eSaus bruk lkspk] bruk I;kj fn;k] eq>s irk gS os Hkh dHkh esjs ugha gksaxsA cki iwNrk Hkh ugha gS] ij 'kke dks ?kj vkrk gS rks mlh ds ikl nkSM+ dj tkrs gSaA*

tjhuk dks bl 'kknh ls Hkh ijs'kkuh vkSj nq[k ds vykok dqN ugha feykA ij oks vc bl fj'rs ls eqfDr pkgrh gS] jkst&jkst ds yM+kbZ&>xM+ksa us mls vc cgqr Fkdk fn;k gSA [kqyk ¼rykd½ ds fy, og d+kt+h ds ikl xbZ rks ,d d+kt+h us mls uSfrdrk dk ikB i<+k dj mYVs ikao ykSVk fn;k fd ifr ls rykd vkSjrksa ds fy, fdruk cM+k xqukg gSA nwljs d+kt+h us [kqyk nsus ds fy, dqN gt+kj #i;ksa dh ekax mlds lkeus j[k nhA ;s le>s fcuk fd tks vkSjr ceqf'dy nks twu dh jksVh tqVk jgh gS] og brus iSls dgka ls yk,xhA tjhuk [kqyk pkgrh gS] vkSj og blds fy, iz;kljr gSA tjhuk us fgEer ugha gkjh gS] gkj Hkh ugha ldrh] D;ksafd ;g mlds LoHkko esa Hkh ugha gSA

dkuwu D;k dgrk gS% Hkkjr esa eqfLye leqnk; eqfLye ilZuy ykW ¼'kjh;r½ vuqiz;ksx vf/kfu;e] 1937 }kjk 'kkflr gSaA ;g eqlyekuksa ds fy, eqfLye ilZuy ykW dks funsZf'kr djrk gS] ftlesa 'kknh] egj] rykd] ns[kHkky] migkj] oDQ+] pkg vkSj fojklr 'kkfey gSA bLyke vkSjr dks viuh ethZ ls rykd ysus dk Hkh vfèkdkj nsrk gSA vxj 'kkSgj ekaxus ds ckotwn Hkh rykd ugha

17

nsrk rks choh ds fy, bLyke esa ;g vklkuh j[kh xbZ fd oks 'kgj d+kt+h ¼tt½ ds ikl tk, vkSj mlls 'kkSgj ls rykd fnyokus ds fy, dgsA bLyke us d+kt+h dks ;g gd+ ns j[kk gS fd oks mldk fj'rk [kRe djus dk ,yku dj ns] ftlls mudk rykd gks tk,A dkuwu esa bls ̂ [kqyk* dgk tkrk gSA eqfLye fookg foPNsn dkuwu] 1939 ¼fMtkWY;w'ku vkWQ+ eqfLye eSfjt ,DV 1939½ dsoy eqfLye L=kh ds rykd ds vf/kdkj ds ckjs esa gSA blds eqrkfcd Hkkjr esa dksbZ Hkh eqfLye L=kh vius ifr ls ukS cM+h otgksa ds vk/kkj ij rykd ys ldrh gSaA ifr dk xSj ft+Eesnkjkuk gksuk] iRuh dk Hkj.k iks"k.k u djuk] uiqald gksuk] tsy esa gksuk] Øwj gksuk] ekufld :Ik ls vfLFkj gksuk] ekjihV djuk] 7 lky ls ykirk

gksuk vkfnA

tkxksjh }kjk nh xbZ lgk;rk% tjhuk tkxksjh dh fofHkUu cSBdksa esa 'kkfey gksrh jgh gSA efgyk vf/kdkjksa ls lacfèkr tkudkfj;ksa ls og ySl gks xbZ gSA vc og Lo;a Hkh efgyk eqn~nksa ij vkokt+ mBkus yxh gS] vDlj vU; efgykvksa ls lacf/kr ekeys ysdj Hkh tkxksjh esa vkus yxh gSA tjhuk tc igyh ckj tkxksjh esa vkbZ Fkh] rc og viuh leL;kvksa ls dkQ+h ijs'kku FkhA tkxksjh }kjk mldh dkmalfyax dh xbZA mlds ckn tkxksjh ds lkFk mldk vVwV laca/k cu x;k gSA tjhuk le;&le; ij csVh ds u'ks dh vknr] ifr dk elyk o vc ^[kqyk* ds iz;kl vkfn vius fofHkUu elyksa dks ysdj dkmalfyax ds fy, vkrh jgh gSA vkfFkZd enn ds :i esa tkxksjh us vius cokuk vkWfQ+l dh lQ+kbZ dh ft+Eesnkjh tjhuk dks ns nh gSA tjhuk dks [kqn ls f'kdk;r gS fd mlus i<+kbZ D;ksa ugha dh] vxj og i<+h&fy[kh gksrh rks tkxksjh ds vU; dkeksa esa Hkh enn djrhA

tjhuk ds lQ+jukes dk euks&lkekftd igyw& tjhuk ds O;fDrRo esa tq>k#iu mldh eka ls fojklr esa feyh gSA eka Hkh ?kjsyw fgalk dk fojks/k esa viuh nq/keqagh cPph dks ysdj ?kj ls fudy xbZ FkhA tjhuk dks tgka Hkh vU;k; ;k xyr gksrk fn[krk gS og mlds fojks/k esa [kM+h gks tkrh gSA tjhuk ds lQjukes esa Hkh ge ns[k ldrs gSa fd ifr dh e`R;q ds ckn cPpksa ds ikyu&iks"k.k ds fy, og nwljh 'kknh djrh gS] ysfdu og 'kknh py ugha ikrh] D;ksafd cPpksa ds ikyu&iks"k.k esa nwljs ifr dk lg;ksx rks ugha gh feyrk gS] cfYd ifr gh mlls /ku dh ekax djus yxrk gSA csfV;ka u'ks dk f'kdkj gks tkrh gSaA tjhuk u'ks ds dkjksckj ls ml bykds dks eqDr djkuk pkgrh gSA blesa mls tkxksjh dh enn pkfg,A

tkxksjh dh viuh lhek,a gS og bl ekeys esa tjhuk dh cgqr T+;knk enn ugha dj ik jgh gSA ij tjhuk tkxksjh dh lhekvksa dks le> ugha ik jgh gS vkSj mls bl lanHkZ esa tkxksjh ls f'kdk;r gSA tjhuk cgqr laosnu'khy gS fdlh dks rdyhQ+ esa ns[krh gS rks viuh lhekvksa dks Hkwy dj mudh rdyhQ+ksa dks nwj djus dh dksf'k'k djrh gSA og eka ds fojks/k ds ckotwn rhljk fookg djrh gS] D;ksafd fcuk eka ds cPpkas dh rdyhQ+ mlls ns[kh ugha tkrh vkSj og muds firk ls 'kknh dj ysrh gSA

vc tjhuk ij Ng cPpksa dh ft+Eesnkjh gS ftls th tku yxk dj mBk jgh gSA rhljh 'kknh ds ihNs dsoy n;k ;k d#.kk dk Hkko ugha gS] vdsykiu] viusiu vkSj ,d gn rd 'kkjhfjd t+:jr Hkh bldh otg gS] ysfdu bl fookg esa Hkh mls ;g lc ugha fey ik;k] cfYd 'kjkch vkSj ykyph ifr us mlds thou dks d"Ve; cuk fn;k gS] ftlls vc og eqfDr pkgrh gSA

vc u ykSVsxh cgkj dSls ge ;s eku ysavc u vk,xk d+lj dSls ge ;s eku ysa

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laxhrk

^tc Hkh cpiu ds ckjs esa lksprh gwa eka dk jksrk psgjk vka[kksa ds lkeus vk tkrk gSA [kklrkSj ij oks jkr tc eSaus mls vafre ckj ns[kk Fkk] oks vka[kksa ds lkeus ls tkrk gh ugha gSA fcYdqy Bhd Fkh] irk ugha fd;k gqvk ekj nh xbZ ;k vkRegR;k dj yh] oks lqcg gekjs lkFk ugha FkhA mlds ckn eSa cl HkVdrh gh jgh] ,d cqvk ls nwljh cqvk] dHkh fdlh ds ?kj] dHkh fdlh dsA vkt rd HkVd gh jgh gwaA* laxhrk dh mez ek=k vBkjg lky gS ysfdu mlds thou dh ;k=kk mez ls dgha T+;knk yach gSA fcgkj ds x;k ftys ds ,d la;qDr ifjokj esa laxhrk dk tUe gqvk FkkA mlds tUe ysus ij eka ds vykok fdlh dks dksbZ [kq'kh ugha gqbZ Fkh] cfYd ekre gh euk FkkA laxhrk ds firk fdlku gSaA laxhrk dh eka mudh nwljh iRuh FkhA igyh iRuh ls Hkh mUgsa ,d yM+dh gSA cdkSy laxhrk CkM+h eka us Hkh vkRegR;k dh FkhA

eka ds izfr firk dk O;ogkj vPNk ugha FkkA nknh o ifjokj ds nwljs yksx Hkh eka dks csVh tUeh gS ;g dg dj rkus nsrs o MkaVrs QVdkjrs jgrs FksA eka fcuk fdlh f'kdk;r ds pqipki ?kj dk dke djrh jgrh FkhA tc laxhrk dh cgu eka ds xHkZ esa vkbZ rks firk dk O;ogkj vkSj [kjkc gks x;k FkkA ^oks eka ds isV esa tksj&tksj ls eqDdk ekjrs Fks fd cPpk isV esa gh ej tk,A dHkh tksj ls /kDdk nsrs FksA tc cgu us tUe ys fy;k rks nknh viuk flj ihVus yxh fd fQj ls csVh gks xbZA eka pqipki jksrh&jksrh jgrh FkhaA oks esjs cgqr djhc FkhaA ml fnu eka&ikik ds chp cgqr yM+kbZ gks jgh FkhA 'kk;n blfy, fd esjh ekeh ej xbZ Fkh vkSaj eEeh FkksM+s fnuksa ds fy, vius HkkbZ dh csVh dks vius lkFk j[kus ds fy, ys vkbZa FkhaA ml jkr oks gekjs ikl vkbZ vkSj gesa lqyk dj okfil vius dejs esa pyh xbZa FkhaA lqcg nknk us crk;k mUgsa vkWDlhtu yxk gqvk

gS] fQj nknh us crk;k mUgsa 'ke'kku ys x, gSaA eEeh us vkRegR;k ugha fy;k] esjs ikik us mUgsa ekj MkykA D;ksafd ,d ckj igys mUgksaus vkRegR;k djus dh dksf'k'k dh Fkh ysfdu gesa jksrk ns[k mUgsa yxk fd muds ckn gekjk D;k gksxkA og gekjs ckjs esa cgqr lksprh Fkha] oks vkRegR;k ugha dj ldrh gSaA*

laxhrk ds t+gu esa ;g ?kVuk vHkh Hkh Li"V :Ik ls vafdr gSA gkykafd ml le; mldh mez ek=k vkB&ukS lky gh FkhA eka ds ejus ds ckn nksuksa cfPp;ka ,d rjg ls ykokfjl gks xbZaA dHkh cqvk ds ikl] rks dHkh pkpk ds ikl mls jgus Hkstk tkus yxkA ysfdu mu ?kjksa

19

esa Hkh mlds lkFk ukSdjksa tSlk gh O;ogkj gksrk FkkA laxhrk tSls&tSls cM+h gksrh xbZ us vius ikik ds O;ogkj esa Hkh varj vkrk ns[kkA ̂ oks tc eq>s Nwrs Fks rks oks vyx lk eglwl gksrk FkkA dHkh gkFk yxk dj esjs xys esa igus psu dks ns[kus yxrs dHkh dqNA dqN vthc Fkk tks Bhd ugha FkkA mls 'kCnksa esa ugha crk;k tk ldrk gSA* cM+h cgu dh 'kknh gks pqdh FkhA og xHkZorh Fkh] i<+kbZ ds cgkus ns[kHkky ds fy, laxhrk dks mlds ikl Hkst fn;k x;kA lkSrsyh cM+h cgu dk O;ogkj cgu tSlk ugha FkkA oks vkSj mlds llqjky okyksa ds fy, laxhrk ,d ukSdjkuh Hkj Fkh ftls mudh cgw ds ek;ds okyksa us mudh lsok ds fy, Hkstk FkkA ekSdk ikdj thtk us mlds lkFk t+cjnLrh djus dh dksf'k'k dhA tc laxhrk us ;s ckr viuh cgu dks crkbZ rks cgu us bl ckr dks fdlh dks u crkus dh ckr dg dj mls pqi djk fn;kA ^mYVk eq>s gh dgk fd fdlh dks er crkuk]cnukeh gksxhA eq>s dSlk yx jgk gS] eSa D;k eglwl dj jgh gwa blls fdlh dks dksbZ eryc ugha FkkA eq>s vthc lk yxrk FkkA vius vki ls] vius 'kjhj ls UkQ+jr gksus yxh FkhA yx jgk Fkk ej tkÅa] D;k d:a\* laxhrk viuh lkjh ckrsa ,d Mk;jh esa fy[kus yxhA ml Mk;jhdks mlds ikik us i<+k vkSj mlls bl ckjs esa iwNk HkhA laxhrk us mUgsa lc dqN crk fn;k vkSj ogka ls tkus dh bPNk izdV dh] ysfdu mlds firk mls rc Hkh ogka ls ugha ys x,A thtk dh mlesa c<+rh fnypLih cgu dks vPNh ugha yx jgh Fkh vkSj mls bl ckr dk Hkh Mj Fkk fd dgha ;s ckrsa laxhrk fdlh vkSj dks u crk nsA laxhrk crkrh gS& ^cgu us t+cjnrh esjs gkFkksa ls eq>s gh tgj fiyk fn;k] vkSj 'kksj epk fn;k fd laxhrk us tgj ih fy;k gSA eSa nks fnu rd vLirky esa jghA* vLirky ls ykSVrs gq, detksj chekj laxhrk ij Hkh thtk dks n;k ugha vkbZ vkSj xkM+h esa Hkh mlds lkFk NsM+NkM+ djus dh dksf'k'k dhA tgj dk vlj iwjh rjg [kRe ugha gqvk] og chekj lh jgus yxhA vkl&iM+ksl esa Hkh bl laca/k esa ckrsa gksus yxhaA etcwju laxhrk dks okil ?kj Hkstuk iM+kA

dqN fnuksa ckn firk us mldh 'kknh Bhd dj nhA bl oDr laxhrk dh mez dsoy l=kg lky FkhA ftl O;fDr ls mldh 'kknh Bhd dh tk jgh Fkh og mez esa mlls dkQh cM+k Fkk vkSj pfj=k Hkh mldk Bhd ugha FkkA laxhrk dh lxkbZ Hkh gks xbZA laxhrk dks yxk vc cl cgqr gks x;kA vc mls bl fLFkfr ls fudyuk gh gksxkA ^eaS gaMsªM ijlsaV ';ksj Fkh fd eaS idM+h tkÅaxh] ij eaS ,d ckj dksf'k'k djuk pkgrh FkhA idM+h tkrh rks D;k gksrk ekj gh Mkyrs uA ekjrs rks oks oSls Hkh FksA ;s nsf[k, tyus dk fu'kkuA vkx dh ydM+h ls pkpk us fdruh ckj ekjkA esjk iwwjk nsg uhyk iM+ tkrk Fkk bruk ekjrs Fks] mUgsa dksbZ jksdus okyk ugha FkkA esjk ?kj ls ckgj fudyuk Hkh euk FkkA eaSS Cykmt flyokus ds uke ij ikik ls lkS #i;s yh vkSj cl LVaSM dh vksj fudy xbZA jkLrs esa eqq>s yxk fd ogka rks dksbZ u dksbZ ijhfpr fey tk,xk tks ikik dks [kcj dj nsxkA eaS nwljs [kkyh jkLrs ls ml rjQ tkus yxh vkSj ,d xkM+h tks cxy ls xqtj jgh Fkh mlls fy¶V ys yhA* laxhrk fdlh rjg LVs'ku igqaph] ogka ij tks igyh xkM+h feyh mlesa cSB xbZA mls Mj Fkk fd og idM+h u tk,] iwjs jkLrs mlus vius psgjs dks fNik, j[kkA fnYyh igqapus ds ckn mls le> ugha vk;k dgka tk,A ogha LVs'ku ij cSB dj jksus yxhA mlds ikl gh cSBh ,d efgyk us tc mls jksrs gq, ns[kk rks mlls jksus dh otg iwNhA laxhrk dks yxk fd vxj oks ;g mUgsa crkrh gS fd oks ?kj ls Hkkx dj vkbZ gS rks mls iqfyl ds gokys dj fn;k tk,xk vkSj iqfyl mls okil ?kj Hkst nsxhA laxhrk us mUgsa crk;k fd og ?kj ls fnYyh viuh i<kbZ ds fy, vkbZ gS] mls fnYyh esa ,d dejk ysuk Fkk] ysfdu jkLrs esa mldk lkeku pksjh gks x;k gSA ml efgyk us mls dqN iSls fn, vkSj fdjk, ds ,d lLrs ?kj dk irk fn;kA laxhrk fnYyh ds y{eh uxj esa efgyk }kjk crk, x, irs ij jgus vk xbZA vxys fnu lqcg fNirs&fNikrs nqdku ij tk dj viuh lksus dh psu csp nh ftlls mlds ikl dqN iSls vk x,aA mlus ml iSls ls ?kj dk fdjk;k pqdk;k vkSj dqN [kkus dk lkeku ys dj vkbZA ysfdu lc dqN bruk vklku ugha FkkA mls bl ckr dk iwjk Mj

20

Fkk fd og vBkjg lky dh vHkh ugha gqbZ tSls gh fdlh dks irk pysxk fd og ?kj ls Hkkx dj vkbZ gS mls okil firk ds ikl Hkst fn;k tk,xkA vBkjg Ok"kZ dh gksus esa vHkh Ng eghus iwjs cps FksA edku ekfyd o vM+kslh&iM+kslh dh enn ls mls ,d izkbosV Ldwy esa ukSdjh fey xbZA Ng eghus og blh rjg Nqi dj jghA tc og iwjh vBkjg o"kZ dh gks xbZ rc og fdlh odhy dh ryk'k esa yx xbZ tks dkuwuh rkSj ij mls vius firk ds paxqy ls fudyus esa enn djsA oks HkVdrh gqbZ rhl gtkjh igqaphA ogka efgyk odhy dk irk iwNrs gq, ,d efgyk odhy ds ikl igqaphA ml efgyk odhy us mls vk'oklu fn;k fd og mls bu >a>Vksa ls fudky nsxh] ,d ,fQMsfoV cuok nsxh ftlds ckn ifjokj dk dksbZ O;fDr ijs'kku ugha dj ik,xkA ij bl dke esa pkyhl gtkj #i;s yxsaxsA laxhrk ds fy, fQygky nks jksVh vkSj Nr tqVkuk eqf'dy iM+ jgk Fkk pkyhl gtkj rks cgqr nwj dh ckr FkhA dksVZ ds ckgj mls ,d vkSj efgyk feyh ftlus mls ,u-th-vks- ds ikl tkus dh lykg nhA ,u-th-vks- dh ryk'k esa yxh laxhrk dks ̂,D'ku ,M* esa dk;Zjr fnikyh ls eqykdkr gqbZA mlus viuh lkjh vkichrh mUgsa lqukbZA ^,D'ku ,M* efgyk eqn~nksa ij Lo;a ugha dke djrk gS] blfy, mUgksaus laxhrk dks tkxksjh ds ikl HkstkA tkxksjh dks Hkh laxhrk us viuh iwjh dgkuh crkbZA tkxksjh us tc mlds ?kj dk Qksu uacj o irk iwNk rks og mUgsa vxys fnu yk dj nsus dh ckr dj ogka ls pyh xbZA

cdkSy laxhrk mls yxk fd tkxksjh mlds firk dk uacj ysdj mUgsa ;gka cqyk ysxh vkSj og mls ;gka ls fQj ?kj ys tk,axsA laxhrk us fQj ls fnikyh ls laidZ fd;kA fnikyh us mls efgyk vk;ksx tkus dks dgkA laxhrk efgyk vk;ksx Hkh xbZ o 181 ij Hkh viuh f'kdk;r fy[kokbZA bl chp mlus Qksu ls vius ?kj Hkh laidZ fd;k] firk us tgka mls okil ykSV vkus dks dgk vkSj /kedh Hkh ns Mkyh fd fcgkj iqfyl mls [kkst jgh gSA mlus viuh cM+h cgu ls Hkh ckr djh rks mlus laxhrk dks ykSVus ls euk fd;kA mls Qksu ls tkudkjh feyh fd mlds ?kj ls tkus ds ckn mlds firk us] vius ?kj

dh bT+t+r dks cpkus ds fy,] iqfyl esa fdlh YkM+ds dk uke yxkrs gq, fjiksVZ fy[kk nh gS fd laxhrk ml yM+ds ds lkFk Hkkx xbZ gSA ml yM+ds dk Qksu Hkh mlds ikl vk;k fd mls ;gka Qalk;k tk jgk gS fd mlus laxhrk dks Hkxk fn;k gSA vk;ksx us laxhrk ds ?kj ij laidZ dj mlds firk dks ckrphr ds fy, cqyk;kA og fnYyh vk,] tc muls tokc ekaxk x;k rks muds ikl vius cpko ds fy, dksbZ rdZ ugha Fkk] cfYd og bu lc ckrksa ds fy, laxhrk dks gh nks"kh Bgjkus yxsA vk;ksx us mUgsa izfr ekg mls dqN iSls tsc [kpZ ds rkSj ij nsus dks dgk] rkfd og fnYyh esa jg dj i<+kbZ dj ldsA mlds firk izfr ekg gtkj #i;s tsc [kpZ ds rkSj ij mls nsus dks rS;kj gq, fQj okil vius xkao ykSV x,] ysfdu mUgksaus ,d iSlk Hkh tsc [kpZ ds rkSj ij laxhrk dks ugha HkstkA laxhrk dks fnYyh esa jgus ds fy, ,d ukSdjh dh cgqr t+:jr Fkh] fnikyh us mls ,d daiuh esa ukSdjh fnyokus esa enn dhA

laxhrk fQygky fnYyh esa gS vkSj mlh daiuh esa dke dj jgh gSA mlus viuk fBdkuk Hkh cny fy;k gS D;ksafd y{eh uxj ds dejs dk fdjk;k T+;knk Fkk] mlds fy, mruk iSlk nsuk laHko ugha FkkA ftl daiuh esa gS mlus mls lsYl foHkkx esa Mky fn;k gS tgka dke djus esa mls fnD+d+r vk jgh gS vkSj mls Mj gS fd bl otg ls mldk osru Hkh de gks tk,xkA lius cgqr lkjs gSa ysfdu mls ugha irk Hkfo"; dk D;k gksxkA

dkuwu D;k dgrk gS& ;fn vfookfgr iq=kh ckfyx gks vkSj mldh vk; dk dksbZ tfj;k u gks vFkok mlds fy, l{ke ugha gS rks og firk ls fuokZg [kpZ ;k xqtkjk HkÙkk ys ldrh gSA xqtjkr gkbZ dksVZ us ,d vge QSlys esasa ;g O;oLFkk nh gSA QSlys ds vuqlkj lh-vkj-ih-lh- dh /kkjk 125 ds rgr vfookfgr ckfyx iq=kh firk ls xqtkjk HkÙkk ekax ldrh gSA

tkxksjh }kjk nh xbZ lgk;rk& laxhrk dks tkxksjh ds ikl ^,D'ku ,M* dh Mk;jsDVj fnikyh us Hkstk FkkA laxhrk

21

tc tkxksjh esa vkbZ rc og dkQ+h ?kcjkbZ gqbZ FkhA mls Mj Fkk fd mlds ifjokj okys t+cjnLrh mls okil /kj ys tk,axsA ogha og ml dsl ls Hkh Mjh gqbZ Fkh tks mlds ifjokj okyksa us mlds ?kj ls Hkkxus ds f[kykQ+ ntZ dj j[kk FkkA mldh vkichrh lquus ds ckn tkxksjh us mlds ?kj dk irk o Qksu uacj ekaxk] rkfd og fjdkWMZ esa jgs rFkk t+:jr iM+us ij mlds ?kjokyksa dks cqykdj muls ckrphr dj laxhrk dks mlds vf/kdkj fnyok, tk ldsa] ysfdu laxhrk ls tc tkxksjh us mlds ?kj dk irk ekaxk rks og Mj xbZ vkSj fQj ogka ugha vkbZA

fnYyh efgyk vk;ksx us tc mlds firk ls ckrphr dh vkSj mlds ckn Hkh dksbZ gy ugha fudyk rc fQj laxhrk tkxksjh ds ikl vkbZA tkxksjh mlds lkFk yxkrkj laidZ esa gSA laxhrk dh dkmalfyax yxkrkj ogka py jgh gSA tkxksjh us laxhrk dh lqj{kk vkSj ifjokj okyksa }kjk mlds f[kykQ+ ntZ fjiksVZ ds lanHkZ esa fcgkj iqfyl dks i=k fy[kk gSA laxhrk dh lqj{kk ds fy, vko';d dne mBk, x, gSaA tkxksjh bl iz;kl esa yxh gS fd laxhrk dks xqtkjk HkÙkk mlds firk dh rjQ ls feys rkfd og vius iSjksa ij [kM+h gks ldsA

vHkh gky esa fnYyh efgyk vk;ksx us laxhrk dks fcgkj tk dj dksVZ esa viuk c;ku ntZ djkus ds fy, dgk gS rkfd mlds vkSj lacaf/kr yM+ds ds f[kykQ+ fy[kkbZ xbZ fjiksVZ [kkfjt gks ldsA laxhrk dks Mj gS fd og vxj vdsyh xkao tk;sxh rks mlds lkFk dqN xyr Hkh gks ldrk gSA laxhrk us vius bl Mj dks tkxksjh ds lkeus tkfgj fd;k FkkA tkxksjh lhfu;j odhyksa ls lykg&ef'kojk dj jgh gS fd fdl rjg ;g ekeyk fnYyh dksVZ esa vk tk,] ;k laxhrk dk c;ku fnYyh esa ntZ gks tk, vkSj laxhrk dks fcgkj u tkuk iM+sA tkxksjh dk dguk gS fd vxj ,slk laHko ugha gks ik;k rks tkxksjh laxhrk ds fy, fcgkj tk dj viuk c;ku nsus gsrq dksbZ lqjf{kr O;oLFkk djsxhA

laxhrk ds lQ+jukes dk euks&lkekftd igyw& laxhrk us vius NksVs ls thou esa ,d yach yMk+bZ yMh+ gS] og yMk+bZ vHkh Hkh tkjh gSA mlds O;fDrRo esa fgEer vkSj Mj nksuks dks lkFk&lkFk ns[kk tk ldrk gSA ckrphr djrs gq, Hkh oks cgqr pkSdUuh o Mjh gqbZ FkhA dgrh gS ^eq>s vdsys dejs esa jkr dks uhan ugha vkrh gS] ykbZV tykdj dPph uhan lksrh gwaA lM+d ij pyrh gwa rks yxrk gS dksbZ ihNk dj jgk gSA* mls bl 'kgj ls Mj ugha yxrk gS] mls Mj gS fd iqfyl] ifjokj ds yksx mls ;gka ls ys tk,axsA mlds f[kykQ+ xkao esa dsl ntZ gS] dHkh Hkh iqfyl ys tk,xhA mls Mj gS fd og yM+dk ftl ij laxhrk dks Hkxkus dk vkjksi gS oks dgha mlls cnyk ysus ;gka u vk tk,A mls Mj gS fd vkWuj fdfyax dh rjg mls Hkh mlds ifjokj okys ekj u MkysaA ml Mj esa og vkt Hkh th jgh gS ftl dks ysdj oks ?kj ls Hkkxh FkhA

laxhrk dh dgkuh esa dbZ ckj ,slk yxk fd dgha dksbZ dM+h gS tks Li"V ugha gS] Nqih gqbZ gSA elyu tc og fnYyh igyh ckj vkbZ rks dqN le;] tc rd og vBkjg lky dh ugha gqbZ fNi dj jgh] Ldwy esa ukSdjh dhA brus le; mldk [kpkZ ikuh dSls pyk\ Ldwy esa ukSdjh dSls yx xbZ\ ;g dqN loky gSa ftudk tokc laxhrk ds ikl Hkh ugha gSA laxhrk fnYyh tSls cM+s 'kgj esa [kqn dks cgqr vdsyk egLkwl djrh gS] og i<uk pkgrh gS] vkxs c<+uk pkgrh gSA laxhrk ds ekeys esa ?kj dh pkjnhokjh ds vanj gksus okys ;kSu mRihM+u dks Hkh ns[kk tk ldrk gS] ftlds rkj mlds firk ls ysdj thtk rd QSys gq, gSaA cgu tks Lo;a Hkh efgyk gS] laxhrk dks ,d izfr}a}h ds :Ik esa ns[k jgh gSA cgu ds izfr ifr dh xyr utj ij jksd yxkus dh txg lekt ifjokj rd ;g ckr u igqaps] bl ckr dks fNikus dh dksf'k'k djrh gSA vDlj ns[kk x;k gS fd lekt esa tc fdlh efgyk ds izfr vU;k; ;k fgalk gksrh gS rks lacaf/kr iq#"k ls tqM+h efgyk,a iq#"k ds lkFk [kM+h gks tkrh gSa] vkSj efgyk dks gh xyr lkfcr djus yxrh gSaA ;gh izo`fÙk ge ;gka Hkh

22

ns[krs gSa] ;g Hkh fir`lÙkk ds rkus ckus dk gh mnkgj.k

gS] ftlds fxj¶+r esa efgyk,a Hkh gSaA laxhrk dks tgj

nsus dh ?kVuk ds :Ik esa ge bl ekufldrk dh vfr dks

ns[k ldrs gSaA laxhrk tc thtk ds O;ogkj dh f'kdk;r

vius firk ls djrh gS rks mUgsa ;g dksbZ cM+h ckr ugha

yxrh gSA le>k tk ldrk gS fd ifjokjksa ds vanj] efgyk

dk ;kSu mRihM+u gksuk] fdruh lkekU; ?kVuk ds :Ik esa

vkRelkr~ dj fy;k x;k gSA bl rjg dh ?kVukvksa ;k

ifjorZu dh okgd ;s efgyk,a& geus bl nLrkost esa Ng dsl LVMht yh gSaA blesa iSalB o"kZ dh mez ls ysdj l=kg o"kZ dh mez rd dh efgykvksa ds nSfud thou esa gksus okyh fgalk ds fofHkUu :iksa dks js[kkafdr djus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA blesa fgalk ds os :i Hkh 'kkfey gSa tks dkuwuh :i ls ifjHkkf"kr ugha gSa] ysfdu ;s efgykvksa ds thou dk vfoHkkT; vax gSaA ;g lQ+jukek mu Ng efgykvksa ds la?k"kZ dh xkFkk gS ftUgksaus foijhr ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds lkeus ?kqVus Vsdus dh txg muds f[kykQ+ la?k"kZ djus dk jkLrk pqukA budk la?k"kZ cs'kd vHkh fdlh eqdke ij ugha igqapk gS] ysfdu tT+cs us vHkh fgEer ugha gkjh gSA bu dsl LVMht dks bl nLrkost esa 'kkfey djus dk mn~ns'; fgalk ds fofHkUu :iksa dh igpku djuk o efgykvksa dh ekufld o HkkoukRed ;k=kkvksa ds mu iM+koksa dk Hkh v/;;u djuk gS tks muds la?k"kZ ds tTcs dks izHkkfor djrs gSaA ;s efgyk,a u dsoy vius thou esa vkus okyh pqukSfr;ksa ls la?k"kZ dj jgh gSa] cfYd os lekt ds fir`lÙkkRed <kaps ds f[kykQ+ py jgs la?k"kZ esa psau esdj ds :i esa dk;Z dj jgh gSaA buesa ls yxHkx lHkh efgyk,a tc vius vfèkdkjksa ds izfr tkx#d gqbZa rc mUgksaus bl la?k"kZ dks [kqn rd gh flfer ugha j[kk] cfYd vius laidZ esa vkus okyh lHkh efgykvksa dks Hkh tkx#d fd;kA tjhuk vU;k; lgu ugha dj ikrhA fdlh Hkh efgyk ds f[kykQ+ mls vU;k; gksrk fn[krk gS rks og u dsoy ml efgyk dks bl ckr dk ,glkl djkrh gS fd vU;k; lguk xyr gS] blds f[kykQ+ vkokt+ mBkuk pkfg,] cfYd mlds lkFk og Hkh viuh iwjh 'kfDr ds lkFk ml vU;k; ds f[kykQ+ [kM+h gks tkrh gSA

tjhuk us Bku fy;k gS fd og efgyk vf/kdkjksa ls tqM+s eqn~nksa ds f[kykQ+ ges'kk la?k"kZ djsxhA jes'k ,d meznjkt efgyk gS] ysfdu mez ds bl iM+ko esa mlesa la?k"kZ dh ,d ubZ ykS tkxh gSA la?k"kZ dh bl ubZ ykS us mlds le>kSrkoknh utfj, ds va/ksjs dks nwj dj fn;k gSA vc og le>kSrs djus dh ckr ugha lksprh] cfYd leL;kvksa ls la?k"kZ dh ckr lksprh gSA tc mldh NksVh cgu ds ifr us viuh iRuh ij gkFk mBk;k rks mlus mldk fojks/k fd;k] mls tkxksjh ds ikl ysdj vkbZA jhrk dh eka ;k chuk dh eka dks Hkh psau esdj ds mnkgj.k ds :i esa ns[kk tk ldrk gSA mUgksaus u dsoy viuh csfV;ksa dks la/k"kZ ds fy, izsfjr fd;k] muds thou esa vk, cnyko esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ] cfYd vius laidZ esa vkus okyh lHkh yM+fd;ksa dks vius vf/kdkjksa ds fy, la?k"kZ djus ds fy, izsfjr fd;kA bl n`f"V ls ukjhoknh dkmalfyax dk edln enn dh bPNqd efgyk dks enn nsuk gSA bl izfØ;k esa og ihfM+r ls ljokboj vkSj vkxs pydj [kqn vius ne ij ifjorZu dh okgd curh gSaA

O;ogkj dks LoHkkfod eku dj efgyk,a o iq#"k nksuksa gh Lohdkj dj ysrs gSaA

efgyk,a ;g ekurh fd ;g mudh fu;fr gS] ,slk gh gksrk gS] ogha iq#"k bls izkÑfrd vf/kdkj eku ysrk gS vkSj bl rjg dh gjd+rksa dks nksgjkus dh rkd esa yx tkrk gSA ;g O;ogkj dksbZ vk/kqfud ;qx dh nsu ugha gS] cfYd bldh tM+sa lfn;ksa ls teh gqbZ gSaA vc tkx#drk dh otg ls blds f[kykQ+ vkokt+ mBuh 'kq: gqbZ gSaA

23

ok;ysal baVjosa'ku Vhe

mÙkjnkf;Ro& ^dsl dk;ZdrkZ] efgyk ,oa ;qok&tkx#drk] ,dy efgyk] ?kjsyw fgalk ls lacf/kr dk;Z esa lfØ; lg;ksxhA

^esjh 'kknh cgqr de mez esa gks xbZ FkhA ftl mez esa 'kknh dk eryc Hkh ugha tkurh FkhA cgqr gh ihM+knk;h vuqHko jgkA 'kknh ds ckn yxkrkj esjs lkFk ekjihV gksrh jgh] gj rjg dh rdyhQ+ nh tkrhA ij ,d le; esa vkdj yxk& vc cl! vc vkSj ughaA esjh lgu 'kfDr us tokc ns fn;kA ;s loky ckj&ckj ijs'kku djus yxk& vkf[kj dc rd ;s pyrk jgsxk vkSj eSa bls D;ksa >sy jgh gwa\ vc vkxs tks gksxk ns[k tk,xkA eSa viuh NksVh cPph dks ysdj vius ekrk&firk ds ?kj enuiqj [kknj vk xbZA*

lquhrk 2006 ls tkxksjh ls tqM+h gqbZ gSA gkykafd lquhrk 2004 esa gh viuk llqjky NksM+dj eka&cki ds ?kj vk xbZ Fkh] ij mls lkekU; gksus o vius vklikl ds ekgkSy dh

xfrfof/k;ksa ls ifjfpr gksus esas FkksM+k oDr yxkA mu fnuksa tkxksjh ukVd ds ek/;e ls efgykvksa o fd'kksfj;ksa ds chp tkx:drk dk;ZØ djrh FkhA lquhrk dks vkliM+ksl dh yM+fd;ksa ls tkxksjh vkSj mlds fFk;sVj odZ'kWki ds ckjs esa irk pyk FkkA ,d fnu mRlqdrko'k lquhrk Hkh ml fFk;sVj odZ'kkWi esa tkrh gSA

^eSa f[kM+dh ls ns[k jgh FkhA fdlh ukVd dk fjglZy py jgk FkkA igyh ckj viuh leL;kvksa ls nwj] eq>s ,d vyx nqfu;k utj vkbZA ml n`'; esa eSa fcYdqy [kks xbZA cgqr vPNk FkkA eu gh eu eSa dYiuk dj jgh Fkh fd eSa bl ,DV dks djrh] rks fdl rjg ls djrhA nhnh dh utj eq> ij iM+h mUgksaus eq>s cqykdj iwNk fd D;k eSa Hkh bl ukVd esa 'kkfey gksuk pkgrh gwaA bPNk rks gks jgh Fkh ij ,d f>>d Fkh] yx jgk Fkk fd irk ugha nhnh dks esjk dke dSlk yxsxk] TkSlk lksp jgh gwa oSlk dj

lquhrkdks&vkWfMZusVj& enuiqqj] [kknj

24

ikÅaxh Hkh fd ughaA ij 'kk;n nwljksa dks eq> ij T+;knk fo'okl FkkA lcus dgk fd ugha eSa dj ldrh gwa] fQj fgEer djds eSa mlesa 'kkfey gks gh xbZA tkxksjh vkSj esjs laca/k dh ;gh 'kq#vkr FkhA ;gh ukVd geus cokuk esa Hkh [ksyk FkkA ;g igyk ekSdk Fkk tc eSa ?kj ls ckgj fudydj bl rjg ds fdlh dke esa yxh FkhA 'kq: esa cgqr ?kcjkgV gksrh FkhA*

yacs le; rd lquhrk tkxksjh ds lkFk ukVd ds ek/;e ls tqM+h jghA tkxksjh enuiqj [kknj esa fd'kksj&fd'kksfj;ksa ds chp dk;Z djus ds vykok efgykvksa ds vf/kdkj o ?kjsyw fgalk ds eqn~ns ij Hkh dk;Z dj jgh FkhA ukVd gh ugha] lquhrk efgyk vf/kdkjksa ls tqM+s eqn~nksa ij Hkh c<+ p<+ dj fgLlk ysus yxhA

^nhnh us iwNk& dqN djuk pkgrh gks\ leqnk;] dE;qfuVh ds fy, dqN djuk pkgrh gks\ eSaus dgk bPNk gS ij] irk ugha fdruk dj ikÅaxh! NksVk cPpk gS] vkSj ?kj dh ns[kHkky Hkh eq>s djuh gksrh gSA ij fQj Hkh eSa dksf'k'k d:axhA eq>s tkxksjh us QSyks ds :Ik esa FkksM+k dke fn;kA fnu esa pkj ?kaVsA*

QSyks ds :Ik esa lquhrk ?kjsyw fgalk ds ekeyksa dks le>us yxhA mls dsl ds flyflys esa lacaf/kr efgykvksa ds ?kj Hkh tkuk gksrk Fkk] tgka mls vDlj lquus dks feyrk Fkk& ^viuk ?kj rks laHkky ugha ikbZ] nwljs dk ?kj D;k Bhd djsxh! Rkc ;s 'kCn mls [kkeks'k djus ds fy, dkQ+h gksrs FksA

^fnu Hkj ,d ?kj ls nwljs ?kj ?kwerh jgrh] efgykvksa ls ehfVax esa pyus ds fy, dgrh FkhA yksxksa dh izfrfdz;k jgrh Fkh&bldks dksbZ dke ugha gS] tc ns[kks vk tkrh gSA csbT+t+rh lh Hkh eglwl gksrh Fkh] xqLlk Hkh vkrk FkkA eq>s yxus yxk eSa ;g dke ugha dj ldrhA eSaus nhnh yksxksa ls Hkh dgk fd eq>ls ;g dke ugha gksxkA eSa yksxksa ds rkuksa dks cnkZ'r ugha dj ik jgh FkhA*

'kq#vkrh nkSj esa lquhrk dks yksxksa dh bu ckrksa dk xgjk vlj iM+rk FkkA mldk eukscy VwV tkrk FkkA dbZ ckj

mlds eu esa vk;k fd ;g dke gh NksM+ nsA lquhrk us vius futh thou esa ?kjsyw fgalk dks >syus ls badkj fd;k Fkk] 'kknh uke dh laLFkk ls ckgj fudyus dk ,d cM+k QSlyk fy;k FkkA ij og dbZ ckj [kqn lokyksa ds dV?kjs esa [kM+h gks tkrh Fkh] tc ns[krh Fkh fd efgyk,a Hk;adj rdyhQ+ksa dks >sydj Hkh viuk ?kj cpkus esa yxh gqbZ gSaA vieku lg jgh gSa] ekj [kk jgh gSa] ij ?kj cuk jguk pkfg,] vkSj mlus rks ?kj dh ijokg gh ugha dh] rks D;k oks xyr Fkh\ D;k vkSjr ds fy, ?kj lcls egRoiw.kZ gS] pkgs mls cuk, j[kus ds fy, mls vius thou] vkRelEeku dh gh dqckZuh D;ksa u nsuh iM+s\ lquhrk dks ;g ugha irk Fkk fd tks mlus >syk gS mls mldh fu;fr ugha] cfYd ?kjsyw fgalk dgk tk,xk] tks vijk/k gS vkSj] ftlls cpko ds fy, dkuwu Hkh gSA fgalk ls lacaf/kr dkuwu o efgykvksa ds vf/kdkjksa ds ckjs esa mldh ;g le> tkxksjh esa vkus ds ckn cuhA

'kq: esa efgyk vf/kdkjksa ds ckjs esa] ?kjsyw fgalk dkuwu ds ckjs esa Hkh tkudkjh ugha FkhA eSa ges'kk bl }a} esa jgrh Fkh fd eSaus tks fd;k] D;k lgh Fkk\ tc vanj ls eSa [kqn bl ckr ls iwjh rjg lger ugha Fkh fd tks eSaus fd;k gS oks lgh Fkk ;k ugha] rks nwljh vkSjrksa dks fdl eqag ls dgrh fd muds lkFk tks gks jgk gS oks vU;k; gS] mUgsa bldk fojks/k djuk pkfg,A tkxksjh ds lkFk laca/k ls bu lHkh ckrksa dks ns[kus dk ,d utfj;k feykA vc esjs ikl esjs [kqn ds vkSj lekt ds lokyksa ds tokc FksA vc dksbZ }a} ugha gSA Li"V gS fd D;k dj jgh gwa] D;k djuk pkfg,A tkuk fd vU;k; lguk Hkh vijk/k gSA yksxksa ds rkuksa dks ut+jvankt djuk lh[kk] D;ksafd eSa ugha] oks xyr FksA vc yksxksa ds ?kj ij Hkh tkus yxh gwaA efgyk,a jkr&csjkr Hkh esjs /kj vk tkrh gSa] ij fj'rk cuus esa oDr yxkA*

le; ds lkFk lquhrk efgyk vf/kdkjksa ds fy, gq, /kjuk izn'kZuksa] ehfVax o odZ'kWki esa Hkh 'kkfey gksus yxh vkSj mldh tkudkfj;ksa o le> dk nk;jk QSyrk x;kA mls

25

?kjsyw fgalk o efgyk vf/kdkjksa ls tqM+s vU; dkuwuksa dh eksVs rkSj ij tkudkjh gS] ij iwjh rjg ls ughaA

^u, dkuwu vkrs gSa rks ge ,d nwljs ls 'ks;j djrs gSaA odZ'kWki gksrs gSa ftuesa Hkh gesa u, dkuwuksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh fey tkrh gS] ij dbZ ckj Vªsfuax ds ckn nksgjkrs ugha] Hkwy Hkh tkrs gSaA ge bu dkuwuksa ds ckjs esa i<+rs Hkh de gSaA eq>s yxrk gS fd dkuwu ds ckjs esa fo'ks"k rkSj ij efgykvksa ls lacf/kr dkuwuksa ds ckjs esa gesa vkSj tkudkjh gksuh pkfg,A dbZ ckj dsl ds nkSjku fnD+d+r Hkh vkrh gSA Qksu djds nhnh ls iwNuk iM+rk gSA

vkt lquhrk efgykvksa dks fefVax ds fy, cqykrh gS] fefVax esa Hkkxhnkjh] losZ ls lacaf/kr dk;Z djus ds vykok] efgyk dkexkjksa ds chp esa Hkh dke djrh gSaA fnYyh esa fQygky ?kjsyw dkexkjksa ls lacaf/kr dksbZ Bksl dkuwu ugha gSA bl otg ls ekfyd o dkexkj ds chp ds ekeyksa dks ckrphr ds ek/;e ls gh nwj djus dh dksf'k'k dh tkrh gSA ckrphr ds ek/;e ls nksuksa i{kksa dh f'kdk;r lquh tkrh gS vkSj chp dk jkLrk fudkyus dh dksf'k'k dh tkrh gS ftlls nksuksa i{kksa dks uqdlku u gks] vkSj ekeyk lqy> tk,A cdkSy lquhrk ?kjsyw dkexkjksa ds ekeyksa esa T+;knkrj dke djus ds ckn mUgsa osru ugha feyuk] dHkh csotg mu ij pksjh dk bYtke yxk nsuk] tSls ekeys gksrs gSaA bu ekeyksa esa ekfyd ls ckrphr djds dksf'k'k dh tkrh gS fd dkexkj efgyk dks mudk osru fnyok nsasaA

ckrphr ls dbZ ckj ekeys lqy> Hkh tkrs] dbZ esa cqyokus ij Hkh ekfyd ugha vkrs] ckrphr djus dks rS;kj ugha gksrsA ,sls esa mUgsa osru fnykus dk gekjs ikl dksbZ nwljk jkLrk ugha gksrkA dqN dkexkj efgyk,a gesa cl ekeys dh tkudkjh nsrh gaS] vkSj pkgrh gSa fd [kqn ekeys dks lqy>k ysa] mUgsa Mj gksrk gS fd bl otg ls nwljh txg ukSdjh feyus esa fnD+d+r u vk tk,A*

pksjh ds vkjksi tSls ekeyksa esa lquhrk bu efgykvksa ds lkFk Fkkus tkus] o ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- esa fy[ks vkjksiksa o f'kdk;rksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh nsrhA iqfyl ls vkjksih efgyk dkexkj dh vksj ls ckrphr djrhA lquhrk dks yxrk gS fd vxj bu dkexkjksa ds fy, dksbZ dkuwu gksrk rks og mu dkexkjksa ds csgrj rjhds ls enn dj ikrhA vkt ,d lhek ds ckgj mu efgykvksa ds fy, dqN T+;knk ugha gks ikrkA bu ?kjsyw dkexkj efgykvksa ls tqM+s ?kjsyw fgalk ds Hkh dbZ ekeys lquhrk ds lkeus vk,aA

^?kjsyw fgalk ds vykok ^fyo bu* ds Hkh dbZ ekeys vk, gSaA gky gh esa ,d yM+dk de mez dh yM+dh dks 'kknh dk >kalk ns dj ys vk;kA dqN le; jgk fQj vius nksLrksa dks Hkh yM+dh ds lkFk 'kkjhfjd laca/k cukus ds fy, mdlkus yxkA gesa irk pyk rks yM+dh ls fdlh rjg geus laidZ fd;kA yM+dh dkQh Mjh gqbZ Fkh] yM+ds ds paxqy ls fudyuk pkgrh FkhA yM+dh nwljs leqnk; dh FkhA geus mls ogka ls fudkyus dh dksf'k'k dhA yM+dh dks mlh cLrh esa fdlh vkSj ifjokj esa Hkh vkJ; ugha fnyk ldrs Fks] yM+dh ds fy, [krjk FkkA fQj geus yM+dh dks ogka ls fudky dj nwljh txg HkstkA*

dbZ ckj efgyk,a jkr dks Hkh vius ekeys ysdj lquhrk ds ?kj vk tkrh gSa] ij tkxksjh dk izksVksdkWy ¼fu;e&dk;ns½ bu ekeyksa esa jkr esa gLr{ksi ;k lg;ksx dh btktr ugha nsrkA ,sls esa lquhrk mUgsa vxys lqcg vkus dh ckr dgrh gSa ysfdu&

ge mlh dE;qfuVh ¼leqnk;½ esa jg jgs gSa] vkilh laca/k ,slk cu tkrk gS fd mUgsa gekjs vykok fdlh vkSj lg;ksx dh mEehn ugha jgrh gSA jkr& csjkr dksbZ cgu vkrh gS rks ge euk Hkh ugha dj ikrs fd vki lqcg vkb,A mudh ckr lqu ysrs] vkSj dgrs fd vki vxys fnu vkb,A rqjar jkgr ugha igqapk ikrsA gekjh lhek gS ge mlls T+;knk ugha dj ldrsA vxys fnu nhnh vkrha rks fQj muds lkeus ekeyk j[krsA dbZ ckj rqjar

26

lgk;rk dh t+:jr gksrh rks vkil esa fey dj nwj djus dh dksf'k'k djrsA dHkh&dHkh ,slk Hkh gksrk gS fd mUgsa rqjar dqN iSlksa dh t+:jr gksrh gS] muds fy, tYn ls tYn ml ?kj ls fudyuk t+:jh gks tkrk gSA muds ikl tkus ds fy, fdjk;k ugha gksrkA fQj ge lHkh cgusa fey dj FkksM+k cgqr tks laHko gks ikrk gS mls iSlk nsrs gSaA

cPpksa ls tqM+s ekeyksa esa gLr{ksi dh Lohd`fr u gksus dh cafn'k Hkh lquhrk dks [kyrh gSA mldk dguk gS fd ;kSu mRihM+u ;k cykRdkj tSls ekeys esa cPPks dks dbZ ckj rqjar lgk;rk dh t+:jr gksrh gS rks og dqN ugha dj ikrhA cky dY;k.k lfefr ds ikl Hkstuk iM+rk gSA

^gesa irk gS fd cPps dks mu rd igqapkus dh gh ft+Eesnkjh gekjh gS] ij dbZ ckj fLFkfr ,slh gksrh gS fd mUgsa gekjh enn dh t+:jr gksrh gSA rc etcwjh dk vglkl gksrk

gSA blds vykok ge cPps ds fy, dj dqN ugha ldrsA gekjs gkFk ca/ks gSaA

lquhrk cjkcjh ij vk/kkfjr lekt dh dYiuk fy, efgyk vf/kdkjksa ds fy, lrr~ la?k"kZ dh bPNk j[krh gSA mlus viuh i<+kbZ Hkh tkjh j[kus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gSA vkBoha rd i<+h lquhrk blh fu'p; ds lkFk vc ckjgoha djus ds ckn vc ch-,- dh ijh{kk dh rS;kjh dj jgh gSA

^dsl dk;ZdrkZ& dsl dk;ZdrkZ dk dk;Z dsoy dkmlafyax ;k ijke'kZ nsuk ugha gS] cfYd og ihfM+rk dh dkmlafyax djus ds lkFk&lkFk dsl ls lacaf/kr gj iM+ko tSls iqfyl Fkkuk] vnkyr] ifjokj ds lkFk ckrphr vkfn Lrj ij Hkh ihfM+rk dh enn djrh gSaA

^ljokboj& la?k"kZ'khy efgyk,a] ftUgksaus leL;kvksa ds lkeus ?kqVus ugha Vsds] muls la?k"kZ fd;k ;k dj jgh gaSA

;s xe ds vkSj pkj fnu flre ds vkSj pkj fnu ;s fnu Hkh tk;saxs xqt+j] xqt+j x;s gt+kj fnudHkh rks gksxh bl peu esa Hkh cgkj dh ut+j vxj dgha gS LoxZ rks mrkj yk t+ehu ij rw ft+Unk gS-----

27

ghjkorhQ+hYM dk;ZdrkZ ¼?kjsyw dkexkj rFkk ,dy efgyk½¼dk;Z{ks=k& fcykliqj o rktiqj&Cknjiqj rFkk [kknj½

ghjkorh Ok"kZ 2006 ls tkxksjh ls tqM+h gqbZ gSA 'kq#vkrh nkSj esa og vU; efgykvksa ds lkFk tkxksjh }kjk vk;ksftr enuiqj [kknj ds bykdksa esa gksus okyh cSBdksa esa 'kkfey gksrh FkhA o"kZ 2008 esa ghjkorh us viuh futh leL;k,a tks ?kjsyw fgalk ls lacaf/kr Fkha] tkxksjh ls lk>k dh o lykg Hkh ekaxhA mlus ,d vkSj leL;k dh vksj tkxksjh dk /;ku bafxr fd;k tks efgyk vf/kdkjksa ds izfr O;oLFkk ds dkuwuh i{kikr vkSj HksnHkko dks n'kkZrk FkkA ghjkorh vius ifjokj ds lkFk fnYyh ds futkeqn~nhu bykds esa >qXxh cuk dj jgrh FkhA ljdkj us mUgsa ts-ts- dkWyksuh esa jgus ds fy, LFkku ns dj mudh >qXxh dks ogka ls gVk;kA ghjkorh dk ifr yxkrkj bl iz;kl esa Fkk fd og ts-ts- dkWyksuh esa feys ml ?kj dks csp dj izkIr iSls dks ysdj xkao okil pyk tk,] tcfd ghjkorh ogha jg dj vius cPpksa dks vPNh f'k{kk fnyokuk pkgrh FkhA ljdkj }kjk fn, x, ?kj esa ghjkorh dk dksbZ ekfydkuk gd+ ugha FkkA og ek=k ukfer O;fDr FkhA ljdkj us ml ?kj

dk iwjk LokfeRo iq#"k gksus ds ukrs ifr dks gh fn;k FkkA ?kj cspus ds eqn~ns ij ifr&iRuh ds chp vDlj yM+kb;ka gqvk djrh FkhaA

eSa tkxksjh ls ehfVax ds ek/;e ls tqM+h FkhA ehfVax esa efgykvksa dks pquk tkrk gS ftUgsa fo'ks"k izf'k{k.k fn;k tkrk gSA eq>s tkxksjh us iSjyhxy dh Vsªfuax nhA ftlesa eq>s eghus esa ,d gh fnu vkuk iM+rk FkkA mlesa eq>s efgyk vfèkdkjksa ls lacaf/kr dbZ dkuwuksa ds ckjs esa irk pykA ,d lky ckn okWyafV;j ds :i esa tkxksjh ds lkFk dke djus yxhA mu fnuksa ?kjsyw dkexkjksa ls lacaf/kr ,d losZ dk dke vk;k Fkk] tks jkr ds le; djuk gksrk FkkA eSaus og fd;kA ;g dke esjh t+:jr Hkh FkhA*

ghjkorh o"kZ 2009 ls QSyks ds :i tkxksjh esa 'kkfey gks xbZA bl nkSjku og vius pkj cPpksa ds lkFk ?kj ds Åij okys fgLls esa jgus yxh] uhps ifr vkSj llqj jgrs FksA

28

vDlj efgyk,a fyf[kr f'kdk;r vius ikl gh j[k ysrhaA tc mUgsa yxrk gS fd vc ikuh flj ls mij pyk x;k rHkh nsrh gSaA lkyksa lky ,slk gh pyrk jgrk gSA os ekSds dh ryk'k esa jgrh gSaA*

vnkyr dh tfVy o yach izfØ;k Hkh bu efgykvksa dks U;k; fnykus ds jkLrs esa ck/kk curh gSaA iwjh izfØ;k vaxzst+h esa gksus ds dkj.k cgl esa D;k ckr j[kh tk jgh gS] vDlj mUgsa bl ckr dh tkudkjh ugha gksrh gSA odhy viuh lqfo/kkuqlkj izfØ;k dks yack [khaprk gSA ;g Mj gS fd ekeyk vnkyr esa tk,xk rks yack pysxk] tks mudh {kerk ls ckgj dh ckr gS] efgykvksa dks etcwj djrk fd lHkh rdyhQksa dsk pqipki lgrh jgsaA ghjkorh dk ekuuk gS fd tc ekeyk vnkyr esa pyk tk,] rc Hkh vyx&vyx rjhdksa ls bu efgykvksa dh enn dh tk ldrh gSA dsl ds nkSjku] Q+ksu ;k fdlh Hkh ek/;e ls odhy ls laidZ cuk, j[ksas] rks bldk izHkko ihfM+rk o odhy nksuksa ij iM+sxkA

?kjsyw fgalk ds ekeyksa esa iqfyl ,d egRoiw.kZ dM+h gksrh gSA vxj iqfyl bu ekeyksa esa lg;ksxiw.kZ joS;k j[krh gS rks ihfM+rk ds fy, tSls vk/kh tax thrus tSlh ckr gks tkrh gS( ysfdu iqfyl ds lanHkZ esa yxHkx lHkh ihfM+rkvksa o dk;ZdrkZvksa dk vuqHko ,d tSlk gh jgk gSA

^iqfyl laLFkk ds uke ls ;k gekjs ncko ls ekeys dh f'kdk;r rRdky ntZ rks dj ysrh gS] ysfdu djrh viuh eu dh gh gSA vkjksih tks T+;knkrj iq#"k gh gksrs gSa] ekeys dks vius i{k esa djok ysrs gSaA ekjrk gS rks D;k gqvk I;kj Hkh rks djrk gS ;k vius cPpksa ds ckjs esa lksph] tSlh tqeys dgdj ekeys dks ogha jQ+k&nQ+k djus dh dksf'k'k djrs gSaA dbZ ckj os dgrs gSa fd vki f'kdk;r fy[k dj dkxt esa ns nksA ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- os [kqn rS;kj djrs gSa] lkjk [ksy mlh esa dj tkrs gSaA os ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- ds lkFk f'kdk;r dh dkWih yxk nsrs ftls ckn esa xk;c dj nsrsA ge tksj Mky dj [kqn ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- fy[kokrs]

ifr ls viuk gd+ ysus ds la?k"kZ esa ghjkorh pkj eqdn~eksa esa Hkh QalhA ,d edku dks u cspus dks ysdj] nwljk fctyh dusD'ku dk] rhljk viuk vkSj vius cPpksa ds esaVsusal ls lacafèkr eqdn~ek gSA bu O;fDrxr elyksa esa my>s gksus ds ckotwn ghjkorh efgykvksa ds vf/kdkjksa ls lacf/kr eqn~nksa ij csckdh ls dke djrh gSaA

^T+;knkrj ekeys ?kjsyw fgalk ds gh vkrs gSaA ij gj txg efgyk,a QSlyk ugha ys ikrh gSaA eu esa gksrk gS fd bl fLFkfr ls ckgj fudyuk gS] ij fgEer ugha tqVk ikrhaA ge mUk ij tksj ugha Mkyrs fd vki yM+ks gh ;k dksbZ cM+k dne mBkvksA ge cl ;s dgrs gSa fd vki ehfVax esa vk tk;k djks] rkfd muds fy, ml fLFkfr ls ckgj fudyus dk ,d jkLrk [kqyk jgsA*

efgyk,a viuh ckr j[krh gSa] rks mUgsa yxrk gS fd muds lkFk dksbZ [kM+k gSA mUgsa Li"V dj fn;k tkrk gS fd mudh bPNk ds fo#) muds ekeys esa u gLrs{ki fd;k tk,xk vkSj u gh ml ij ckrphrA vDlj bu efgykvksa dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr ,slh ugha gksrh fd os fookfgr thou ls fudyus ds ckjs esa lkspasA mUgsa izsfjr fd;k tkrk fd og vius iSjksa ij [kM+h gksaA

^;s efgyk,a yxkrkj lgrh tkrh gSaA mUgsa ?kj ls Hkh yxko gksrkA muds lkeus nwljk dksbZ jkLrk ugha gksrk flok; blds fd pqipki lc dqN >syrh tk,aA ge viuh rjQ ls dqN ,D'ku ugha ys ldrsA iSls dh enn ugha dj ldrsA jkr&csjkr mUgsa tc t+:jr gksrh rc ge lg;ksx ugha dj ikrsA gekjs gkFk ca/ks gksrs gSaA ge ihfM+rk ij iwjh rjg fuHkZj gksrs gSaA dksbZ iM+kslh Hkh mudk lkFk ugha nsrk] D;ksafd mudh lksp Hkh lekt ls dqN vyx ugha gksrhA*

efgyk,a tc viuh leL;k fyf[kr :i ls tkxksjh dks nsrh gS vkSj gLr{ksi dh ekax djrh gSa rHkh muds ekeys esa gLr{ksi fd;k tkrk gSA

29

ihfM+rk dh gh Hkk"kk esa ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- ntZ djokrsA ;g t+:jh gS] ftls vke efgyk,a le> ugha ikrhaA dksbZ vfookfgr yM+dh ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- ntZ djokus tk,xh rks mls 'kknh u gksus] lekt esa bT+t+r u jgus tSls Mj fn[kk,axsA dgsaxs ge nl feuV esa vkrs gSa rqe lksp yks Bhd ls ntZ djokuk gS ;k ughaA yM+fd;ka Mj tkrh gSa] viuh fjiksVZ ntZ ugha djokrhaA*

gky dh ,d ?kVuk esa ,d yM+dh dk iM+kslh tks dkQ+h laiUUk O;fDr Fkk mls cgqr ijs'kku dj jgk FkkA dbZ ckj yM+kbZ gqbZA yM+dh fjiksVZ fy[kkus ds fy, iqfyl Fkkus ds pDdj yxk&yxk dj ijs'kku gks xbZ] ij iqfyl us fjiksVZ ugha fy[kkA tkxksjh ds dk;ZdrkZvksa us Hkh fjiksVZ fy[kokus dk iz;kl fd;k rks mUgsa Hkh Fkkusa ls ckgj dj fn;k x;kA iqfyl okys dgrs& ge ugha tkurs fdlh tkxksjh dks dkMZ fn[kkvksA* dkQ+h yM+kbZ&>xM+s ds ckn fjiksVZ ntZ gqbZA ghjkorh dks dbZ ckj bl rjg dh fLFkfr dk lkeuk iM+k gSA

tc gesa fjiksVZ djus esa bruh fnD+d+r vkrh gS rks vki le> ldrs gSa fd vke efgyk dks fdruh vkrh

gksxhA ij gka! gesa Hkh igpku i=k feyuk pkfg, ftlls irk pys fd ge tkxksjh ds fy, dke djrs gSa] rkfd gesa viuh igpku lkfcr djus ds fy, bruh esgur rks ugha djus iM+sA ckdh laLFkkuksa ds igpku i=k gSa ij gekjs ikl ugha gSA izf'k{k.k ds nkSjku okWyfUV;j xzqi ¼LoSfPNd lewg½ dks igpku&i=k feyrs gSa] ij dk;ZdrkZ dks ughaA*

ghjkorh dsl Lo;a ugha ns[krhA vHkh dsoy dsl ds QkWyksvi ds fy, tkrh gSA lkFk gh ?kjsyw dkexkjksa ds chp Hkh og dke djrh gS ftlesa mUgsa ljdkj }kjk iznr vf/kdkjksa] Je dh ljdkjh njksa U;wure et+nwjh vkfn ds ckjs esa tkudkjh nsus ds vykok muds futh ekeyksa esa lykg nsus dh ft+Eesnkjh Hkh gSA

^?kjsyw dkexkjksa ds T+;knkrj ekeys ikfjokfjd gksrs gSaA ekfydksa ds ekeys Hkh gksrs gSa] ij mlesa T+;knk lg;ksx gks ugha ikrkA ,d&,d efgyk dbZ ?kjksa esa dke djrh gSA mUgsa ;g Hkh yxrk fd ge muds bl ekeys esa gLr{ksi djsaxs rks ukSdjh Hkh tk ldrh gSA ge dsoy lykg gh nsrs gSa] T+;knk lg;ksx laHko Hkh ugha gSA*

pSu x+Sjksa dh nqfu;k esa feyrk ughaviuh nqfu;k cukus dk oknk djsa

vkx vius gh vkaxu dh >qylk;s gS vc u;s ?kj cukus dk oknk djsa

30

ehjkiwoZ QS+yks ¼ok;ysal baVjosasa'ku Vhe] tkxksjh½ enuiqj [kknj

ft+Eesnkjh& dsls odZ] QkWyksvi] ekscykbts+'ku

ehjk fiNys Ng lkyksa ls tkxksjh ls tqM+h gqbZ gSA yxHkx ,d lky ls ;gka QS+yks ds :i esa dk;Z Hkh dj jgh gSA ehjk tkxksjh ls igys vkt+kn Qkm.Ms'ku esa FkhaA tgka mlus Mªkbfoax Hkh lh[khA vkt+kn Qkm.Ms'ku esa gh mls tkxksjh ds ckjs esa tkudkjh feyhA ;g Hkh irk pyk fd tkxksjh mlds bykds ;kuh [kknj esa Hkh efgykvksa ds chp dke dj jgh gSA ehjk 'kq#vkr esa [kknj esa gksus okyh lkIrkfgd ehfVax esa 'kkfey gksus yxhA ckn esa ,d lky mlus tkxksjh ds LoSfPNd lewg ds lkFk Hkh dke fd;kA mldh #fp bl dk;Z esa yxkrkj c<+rh xbZA ckn esa mlus tkxksjh }kjk vk;ksftr iSjkfyxy Vsªfuax ¼dkuwuh izf'k{k.k½ Hkh yhA ehjk [kknj esa efgykvksa ls tqM+sa ekeyksa dks Hkh ns[krh gSA

^lkIrkfgd ehfVax esa cgqr dqN lh[kus dks feyrk FkkA gj eqn~nk nwljs eqn~ns ls vyx gksrk gSA lHkh eqn~ns gekjh fta+nfx;ksa ls tqM+s gksrs gSaA igys eSa ?kj ls ckgj dgha fudyh gh ugha Fkh] t+:jr Hkh ugha iM+h] fdlh us c<+kok Hkh ugha fn;kA yksxksa ls feyus&tqyus esa Hkh cgqr ?kcjkgV gksrh FkhA fdlh ls dqN iwNuk Hkh gksrk Fkk rks igys eu gh eu ml ckr dks nksgjkrh Fkh fd dSls cksywaxh] D;k cksywaxhA fcYdqy vkRefo'okl ugha FkkA vc iqjkuh ckrsa lksprh gwa rks yxrk gS fd eSa vc oks ehjk jgh gh ugha gwa] cgqr cnyko gS eq>esaA eSa vc lc txg tk ldrh gwa] yksxksa ls feyrh&tqyrh] Fkkus rd pyh tkrh gwaA tkxksjh us eq>s fcYdqy cny fn;k gSA*

[kknj esa tkxksjh ds ikl T+;knkrj ekeys ?kjsyw fgalk ds vkrs gSa] ij dqN cky ;kSu mRihM+u o laifÙk ds ekeys Hkh vk, gSaA dbZ ekeyksa esa ihfM+rk ftUgsa tkxksjh ds lanHkZ esa FkksM+h tkudkjh gksrh gS] Lo;a tkxksjh ls laidZ dj ysrh gSaA dqN ekeys bykds dh efgykvksa ls esytksy ds nkSjku lkeus vkrs gSaA

^ifr ekjrk ihVrk gS] 'kjkc ihrk gS] ?kj dk [kpZ ugha nsrk gS] bu efgykvksa dks enn dh t+:jr gksrh gS fd dksbZ mudh leL;k dks gy djus esa mudh enn djsA tc ge muls mudh leL;kvksa ij ckr djrs gSa rks mUkdk igyk loky ;gh jgrk fd D;k tkxksjh mUkdh leL;k dks nwj dj nsxh\ mUgsa yxrk gS fd tkxksjh ds ikl leL;k dks ysdj vk xbZa rks cl vc mudh leL;k pqVfd;ksa esa gy gks tk,xhA FkksM+h lh Hkh nsjh mUgsa ijs'kku djus yxrh gSA*

?kjsyw fgalk dk ekeyk tc lkeus vkrk gS rks tkxksjh lcls igys nksuksa i{kksa dks vkeus&lkeus fcBk dj ckr djrh gSA leL;k dks le>us dh dksf'k'k djrh gSA ifr dh dkmalfyax djds ekjihV tSls O;ogkj dks can djus dk iz;kl djrh gSA

31

efgyk dk ifr cqykus ij vk x;kA geus mlls ckrphr dhA efgyk dh f'kdk;r dks mlds lkeus j[k dj mls le>k;k fd ekjihV djuk ;k dksbZ Hkh ?kjsyw fgalk mUkds fookfgr thou dks dSls cckZn dj jgh gSA ifr dks ckr le> esa vk xbZA vc og ,slh gjdrsa ugha djrk gSA dbZ ekeyksa esa tc dsl dksVZ rd pyk tkrk gS rc ifr dks yxus yxrk gS fd ;s T+;knk gks x;k vc eq>s gjd+rsa lq/kkj ysuh pkfg,A dbZ dsl esa mYVk Hkh gksrk gS dsl vnkyr rd igqapus ij og Hkh vius ft+n ij vk tkrk gS & fd dj ys tks Hkh dj ldrh gSA ge Hkh ns[krs gSa!*

?kjsyw fgalk dh leL;k dsoy mu efgykvksa ds lkFk ugh gS tks ukSdjh ugha dj jgh gSa] vkfFkZd :i ls ifr ij vkfJr gSa cfYd mu efgykvksa ds lkFk Hkh gSa tks vius iSjksa ij [kM+h gSaA

ukSdjh u djus okyh efgykvksa dh rqyuk esa vkfFkZd :i ls vkRefuHkZj efgykvksa ds lkFk ?kjsyw fgalk de gS] ysfdu gSA mudh ru[okg Nhu yh tkrh gSA 'kjkc ihdj ifr oSls gh ekjrk&ihVrk gSA cgqr T;knk varj ugha gSA*

ehjk Hkh ?kjsyw fgalk dh f'kdkj jgh gSA ekeyk vHkh Hkh dksVZ esa py jgk gSA mlds thou esa fgalk ds f[kykQ+ yEck la?k"kZ jgk gSA iSjkyhxy Vsªfuax ds nkSjku ehjk dks efgykvksa ds vf/kdkjksa lsa lacf/kr dkuwuksa vkSj /kkjkvksa ds laca/k esa eq[; tkudkjh izkIr gks xbZ gSA

^Lo;a ds thou o vklikl ?kVus okys ekeyksa esa ge ml dkuwu dks tksM+ dj ns[k ikrs gSa] rc og lkjh /kkjk,a csgrj rjhds ls fnekx esa jg tkrh gSaA*

tkxksjh] ihfM+rk ij QSlys ysus dk vuko';d ncko ugha Mkyrh gSA efgykvksa dh bPNk ds fglkc ls QSlys fy, tkrs gSa fd ekeys dks iqfyl] vnkyr rd ys tkuk gS ;k ogha [kRe dj nsuk gSA

ge mUgsa muds QSlys esa lg;ksx djrs gSaA vxj yxrk gS efgyk vdsys Fkkuk ;k dksVZ dpgjh ugha tk ldrh

rks ge muds lkFk tkrs gSaA vHkh gky esa ,d ekeys esa efgyk f'kdk;r fy[kkus iqfyl LVs'ku xbZ rks fjiksVZ ugha fy[kh xbZ] dgk ^Mh-Mh- ,aVªh nks rc fy[ksxh fjiksVZA fQj ge x, gesa Hkh dgus yxs Mh-Mh- ,aVªh nksA geus efgyk ls iwNdj le; crk;k tc mlus 100 ij dkWy fd;k FkkA rc cM+h eqf'dy ls mUgksaus VkbZe ds vk/kkj ij dkWy fMVsy ns[kk vkSj Mh-Mh- ,aVªh fudkyh vkSj fjiksVZ fy[khA*

?kjsyw fgalk ds ekeyksa esa efgyk,a 'kq: esa iwjk iz;kl djrh gSa fd fcuk fdlh ckgjh gLr{ksi ds mudh leL;k lqy> tk,A tc mUgsa yxrk gS fd vc dqN ugha gks ldrk gS rc gh og dksVZ dpgjh dh ckr lksprh gSaA dbZ ckj ekeyk ugha Hkh lqy>rk gS rc Hkh dqN le>kSrksa ds lkFk fookfgr thou thus yxrh gSaA ,slh fLFkfr esa Hkh tkxksjh bu efgykvksa ds laidZ esa yxkrkj jgrh gSA

ge ekeyksa dk Q+kWyksvi ¼vkxs dh dk;Zokgh ij ut+j½ j[krs gaSaA muls eghus esa ,d&nks ckj fey ysrs gSaA mudk gky pky iwN ysrs gSaA*

[kknj esa efgykvksa dk lewg tkxksjh }kjk yxkrkj feys izf'k{k.k ds ckn efgykvksa ls lacaf/kr ekeykas dks ns[kus o ml bykds esa efgyk vf/kdkjksa ds izfr tkx#drk c<+kus dk dke djus esa l{ke gks x;k gSA t+:jr iM+us ij ;g lewg rqjar ?kVuk LFky ij igqap tkrk gSA ehjk Hkh bl lewg ds lkFk feydj efgykvksa ds izfr gksus okyh fgalk ds f[kykQ+ etcwr gLr{ksi djrh jgrh gSA

l Mh-Mh- ,aVªh& fdlh Hkh vijk/k dh fjiksVZ iqfyl dks ntZ djokus ds fy, tSls gh vki Fkkus eas tkrs gSa rks vkidks vius lkFk ?kVs vijk/k dh tkudkjh nsus dks dgk tkrk gSA blesa vijk/k dk le;] LFkku] ekSds dh fLFkfr bR;kfn dh tkudkjh iwNh tkrh gSA ;g lkjh tkudkjh Msyh Mk;jh esa fy[kh tkrh gS ftls jkstukepk Hkh dgk tkrk gSA bl jkstukepk dk ,d ,aVªh uacj Hkh gksrk gSA cgqr ls vutku yksx jkstukeps dks gh ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- le> ysrs gSa] /;ku jgs fd ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- dh igpku ds fy, bl ij ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- uacj Hkh ntZ gksrk gSA

32

:ghQS+yks] cokuk

ft+Eesnkjh& dslss odZ esasa Q+kWWWyksvi] rFkk eksscykbts+s'ku

^,d ckj ehfVax ds ckn eSa ykSV jgh Fkh rks ns[kk iM+ksl dh vkaVh viuh csVh dks fQj ls MkaV jgha gSA mudh csVh i<+uk pkgrh FkhA mls i<+us ugha fn;k tk jgk FkkA ?kj dk lkjk dke ogh djrh Fkh] fQj Hkh ogh MkaV&QVdkj gh mlds fgLls FkkA eSaus dgk mls i<+us D;ksa ugha ns jgh gks] yM+dk gks ;k yM+dh nksuksa dks f'k{kk dk vf/kdkj gSA vkaVh us rks ml oDr rks dqN ugha fd;k] iSj iVdrh gqbZ eSa ?kj pyh xbZA dbZ fnuksa rd eq>ls ckrphr ugha dhA eka Hkh dgus yxh rw T+;knk gh cksyus yxh gSA eSaus dgk eSus ehfVax esa lh[kk gS f'k{kk dk vf/kdkj yM+dk gks ;k yM+dh nksuksa dks gSA vkt oks yM+dh nloha esa i<+ jgh gSA ;s Hkh rks ,d ?kjsyw fgalk Fkh tks yM+dh >sy jgh Fkh] p;u dk vf/kdkj Hkh rks mldk gd+ gSA ,sls gh fdruh HksnHkko ds ekeys bl bykds esa gesa ns[kus dks feyrs gSaA*

:gh tkxksjh esa QS+yks ds rkSj ij 2014 ls dke dj jgh gSaA :gh esa cgqr mRlkg gSA dkmalfyax o dsl odZ dh lHkh ckjhfd;ka tYn ls tYn lh[k ysuk pkgrh gSaA 'kq: esa og tkxksjh ds ^lkFkh* lewg ls tqM+hA gj ehfVax esa

vkrh FkhA mlds mRlkg o yxu dks ns[kdj tkxksjh us QS+yks ds rkSj ij mls bl dke dh ckjhfd;ksa dks lh[kus dk ekSdk fn;kA

vc eSaus dkQ+h dqN lh[k fy;k gSA nhnh NqV~Vh ij gksrh gS ;k nwljh bykds ds dke ds lanHkZ esa xbZ gksrh gSa rks eSa dsl Q+kWyksvi ds fy, pyh tkrh gwaA okWyafV;j ehfVax] xyh ehfVax] eSa lc txg tkrh gwaA ianzg fnu esa dsl Q+kWyksvi dh fjiksVZ tkrh gS] eSa mlds vykok xyh ehfVx dk Q+kWyksvi Hkstrh gwaA cgqr dqN lh[kus dks eq>s nhnh yksx ds lkFk feyk gSA dksVZ Hkh xbZ] odhyksa ls dSls ckr djrs gSa fdl rjg ls djrs gSa ;g lc dqN lh[kkA igys dHkh ,slk ekSdk ugha feyk FkkA

:gh dk ekuuk gS fd ,sls bykdksa esa efgyk laxBu dk gksuk ;gka dh efgykvksa ds fy, cgqr Qk;nsean jgk gSA efgykvksa dks ,d txg fey jgh gS tgka os viuh leL;k,a ysdj tk ldrh gSaA igys rks muds ikl dksbZ jkLrk ugha FkkA tkxksjh ls igys ,d vU; laLFkk ls Hkh :gh tqM+h Fkh tgka og ikyZj dk dke lh[kus tkrh FkhA cdkSy :gh ogka Hkh fgalk ds ekeys vkrs Fks] ysfdu mudk rjhdk tkxksjh ls FkksM+k vyx FkkA og lek/kku ds fy, dksVZ iqfyl dk

33

gh jkLrk ns[krs Fks] dkmalfyax ¼ijke'kZ½ dh O;oLFkk ugha FkhA :gh dk ekuuk gS fd leL;k ds lekèkku ds fy, lcls igys dkmalfyax dk jkLrk viukuk] ,d vPNk ut+fj;k gSA dbZ ckj efgyk,a ekeys dks dksVZ dpgjh rd ugha ys tkuk pkgrhaA mudh bPNk jgrh gS fd dksbZ e/;LFkrk djds mldh oSokfgd fLFkfr dks FkksM+k Bhd dj nsA tkxksjh lcls igys ,slk gh djrh gSA tkxksjh esa nksuksa i{kksa dks cqykdj ckrphr djrs gSa] mUgsa ekSdk nsrs gSaA vkxs D;k djuk gS] og fu.kZ; mUgha dk gksrk gSA

eq>s ;s Bhd yxrk gSA yxkrkj muds flj ij [kM+s gks tkvks vkSj QSlyk djus dk ncko cukvks rks dSls dksbZ QSlyk dj ldrk gS] ij efgykvksa ds dbZ O;ogkj vthc yxrs gSaA tks'k ls vk,axh fd gesa QSlyk ysuk gS] yxrk gS vc ;s dksbZ u dksbZ QSlyk t+:j dj ysaxh] ij ckn esa viuh mlh ihM+ktud fLFkfr esa jgus dks fQj ls rS;kj gks tkrh gSa] fQj Hkh viuh }a} okyh fLFkfr Hkh gesa gh crk,axhA

cokuk esa ftu ekeyksa ds Q+kWyksvi ds fy, :gh tkrh gS muesa eq[;r% ?kjsyw fgalk] jkbV Vq Pokbl ¼p;u dk vfèkdkj½ ;kfu f'k{kk] fookg] ukSdjh tSls eqn~nksa ij efgykvksa ds vf/kdkjksa dk guu tSls ekeys gksrs gSaA efgykvksa dks ckgj rks fgalk dk lkeuk djuk gh iM+rk gS] ysfdu mlls igys og ?kj esa gh mldh f'kdkj cu

tkrh gSaA yM+dh i<+uk pkgrh gS] ukSdjh djuk pkgrh gS ifjokj okys mls ,slk ugha djus nsrsA 'kknh ds ckn ifr fgalk djrk gSA tkxksjh esa ?kjsyw fgalk dh f'kdk;r vkus ij lcls igys nwljs i{k dks ckrphr ds fy, i=k ns dj cqyk;k tkrk gSA ̂,d ckj eSa tkxksjh dh rjQ ls i=k ysdj lacfèkr efgyk ds ?kj xbZ rks ifr dh eka us dgk fd csVk ?kj esa ugha gSA eSus dgk fd ?kj vk tk, rks ns nhft,xkA ;s lqu dj ifr rerekrk gqvk nwljs dejs ls ckgj fudykA xqLls ls cksyk gesa ugha pkfg, dksbZ rqEgkjh fpV~Bh&foV~BhA esjh iRuh dks cjxykuk rqe yksx can djksA gekjk ?kj rqe yksx cckZn dj jgs gksA gesa ugha tkuk dj yks tks djuk gSA vjs! ?kj rks og [kqn gh cckZn dj jgk gSA [kqn dksbZ dke ugha djrk] iRuh dek ds ykrh gS mls Hkh 'kjkc esa mM+k nsrk gS] iRuh ls ekjihV djrk gSA ,slh ckrsa Hkh gesa lquus dks feyrhA*

:gh dks U;k; O;oLFkk dh eaFkj xfr cgqr ijs'kku djrh gSA U;k; feyus esa bruh nsj yxrh gS fd ihfM+r efgyk ;k rks dsl chp esa gh NksM+ nsrh gS ;k U;k; izfØ;k esa tkus dh fgEer gh ugha djrhA mls yxrk gS fd vxj tkxksjh bl fn'kk esa dqN dne mBk,] elyu ,slk usVodZ cuk, ftldk laca/k U;k; O;oLFkk ls gks] rks ekeys ij tYn lquokbZ vkSj rqjUr jkgr feyuk laHko gksxkA efgykvksa ds fy, Hkh fQj rdyhQns; fj'rs ls ckgj fudyus dk QSlyk ysuk FkksM+k vklku gks tk,xkA

th uk ik;saxs ge [kqn dks x¡ok; ds th uk ik;saxs ge [kqn dks #yk; ds

34

tqgh

dk;ZdrkZ& cokuk] ts-ts- dkWykssuh {ks=k] ok;ysal baVjosa'ku Vhe

ft+Eesnkjh& dsls dk;Z esa enn o dsl Q+kWyksvi

fcgkj ds x;k ftys ls tqgh tc cokuk dh ts-ts- dkWyksuh esa jgus ds fy, vkbZ rks mls efgykvksa dh fLFkfr dks T+;knk djhc ls ns[kus dks feykA ,slk ugha Fkk fd x;k esa efgykvksa dh fLFkfr cgqr vPNh Fkh] 'kk;n tqgh dh mez bruh de Fkh vkSj ifjokj esa rqyukRed :i ls efgykvksa dh fLFkfr Bhd Fkh vkSj lcls egRoiw.kZ ckr fd efgykvksa ls lacf/kr mlds ut+fj, esa Hkh vopsru :i ls fir`lÙkk dk izHkko FkkA cokuk rc u;k&u;k clk gh Fkk] blfy, leL;kvksa dh tSls ck<+ lh FkhA fxurh dh cfPp;ka Ldwy tkrh FkhaA ?kjsyw fgalk dh ?kVuk,a rks cgqr vke FkhaA cgqr lkjs ,sls eqn~ns Fks ftu ij dke djus dh t+:jr FkhA dbZ laLFkkvksa us fofHkUu eqn~nksa ij dke djuk Hkh 'kq: dj fn;k FkkA tqgh dks irk pyk fd ,d tkxksjh uke dh laLFkk gS tks efgykvksa ds chp dke dj jgh gSA ;g Hkh irk pyk fd tkxksjh iqLrdky; Hkh pyk jgh gSA tqgh

iqLrdky; esa iqLrd ysus o i<+us ds fy, tkus yxhA ogka efgykvksa dh lkIrkfgd o ekfld cSBd Hkh gksrs ns[krh FkhA ml cSBd esa efgyk eqn~nksa ij gksus okyh ppkZ mls vkdf"kZr djus yxhA

esjk tkxksjh ls tqM+us dk ,d dkj.k ;g Hkh Fkk fd eq>s yxk ;gka eq>s dqN lh[kus dks feysxkA vkius i<+kbZ dj yh] ;k dksbZ Hkh dke lh[k fy;k] ysfdu D;k vkiesa bruh fgEer gS fd vki ckgj fudy dj ukSdjh djsaA ;s fgEer eq>s tkxksjh ls vkbZA igys ?kjsyw fgalk dks ns[k dj yxrk Fkk fd D;k gks x;k vxj ifr ekjrk gSA esgur djrk gS ?kj pykrk gS vkidks [kkuk&ihuk vkSj flj Nqikus ds fy, Nr Hkh rks nsrk gSA ij tc tkxksjh dh cSBdksa esa vkus yxh rc ,glkl gqvk fd esjh lksp fdruh xyr FkhA efgyk,a ?kj dks fdruk dqN nsrh gSa] fdruh esgur djrh gSa] fQj mlds fgLls fgalk D;ksa\ efgyk vf/kdkjksa dks le>kA tkxksjh ls tqM+dj eq>esa cgqr

35

cnyko vk;kA eSaus vius ckjs esa Hkh lkspuk 'kq: fd;kA ^uk* dks ^uk* vkSj ^gka* dks ^gka* cksyuk vk;kA lh[kk fd dsoy [kqn ugha nwljh efgykvksa dks Hkh vius vf/kdkjksa ds izfr tkx#d djksA

tqgh o"kZ 2004 esa tkxksjh ds lkFkh lewg ls tqM+h FkhA lkFkh lewg cokuk dh gh efgykvksa dk lewg FkkA ;g lewg efgyk eqn~nksa ij vkil esa ckrphr o tkx:drk QSykus dk dk;Z dj jgk FkkA o"kZ 2006 esa tqgh dk;ZdrkZ ds rkSj ij tkxksjh esa 'kkfey gks xbZA 'kq: esa fgalk dk dke ugha FkkA ?kj&?kj tkdj jk'ku dkMZ dk irk djus dk dke FkkA dkSu lk jk'ku dkMZ gS& yky ;k ihykA efgykvksa dks muds vf/kdkj ds ckjs esa crkuk] mUgsa tkxksjh ds lkFk tksM+uk] fd'kksfj;ksa dks tksM+ukA jk'ku&nqdku dh fuxjkuh] efgykvksa dks cSBd ds fy, cqyk dj ykukA cSBd dh O;oLFkk djuk bu lc dk;ks± esa og lg;ksx djrh FkhA tks fd'kksjh i<uk ugha tkurh Fkh mUgsa v{kj Kku djkuk tqgh dh fTk+Eesnkjh gqvk djrh FkhA

^rc cgqr de fd'kksfj;ka Ldwy tkrh FkhaA vkt rks yxHkx lHkh tkrh gSaA otg pkgs tks Hkh gksA fd'kksfj;ksa dks v{kj Kku djokus ds ckn geus Ldwyksa esa Hkh ,Mfe'ku djok;kA ;s fd'kksfj;ka vkt Hkh gekjs ikl vkrh gSaA efgyk vf/kdkjksa o 'kjkccanh ij dbZ uqDdM+ ukVd Hkh ;gka bUgksaus fd, gSaA*

ckn esa tqgh dks ?kjsyw fgalk ds ekeyksa dks ns[kus&le>us dk ekSdk feykA ihfM+rk ls ckrphr djuk] iwjh lwpuk ,d=k djus] fQj iwjs ?kVukdze dks fy[k dj ihfM+rk ls gLrk{kj djokus dh ft+Eesnkjh nh xbZA nks lky ckn mls tc ?kjsyw fgalk ds ekeyksa ds lHkh vk;keksa dh tkudkjh o vuqHko gks x;k rc mls dsl dk;Z esa lg;ksx dh ft+Eesnkjh nh xbZA bl bykds esa ?kjsyw fgalk ds T;knk ekeys vkrs gSaA LoSfPNd lewg o Lkjokboj lewg dh efgyk,a tqgh dks dsl dk;Z esa enn djrh gSaA

eSa yksdy gwa] ij fQj Hkh esjs ihNs tkxksjh dk gkFk gS ;s eq>s cgqr etcwrh nsrk gSA ge efgykvksa dks la?k"kZ ds

fy, ekufld rkSj ij rS;kj djrs gSa] mUgsa vkxkg djrs gSa fd la?k"kZ ds jkLrs esa D;k&D;k ck/kk,a feysaxhA elyu iqfyl LVs'ku] dksVZ&dpgjh lc txg mls fdu&fdu ckrksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+ ldrk gSA xaHkhj ekeyksa esa liksVZ xzqi ls ekeys dks lk>k djrs gSaA mUgsa irk gS ;s ckr ckgj ugha ys tkuhA liksVZ xzqi leL;k lek/kku esa esjh enn djrk gSA

dbZ ,sls dsl Hkh gSa ftlesa LkiksVZ xzqi us ekeys ds lekèkku esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA caxky dh ,d yM+dh ftls mlds vfHkHkkod us ,d cM+s mez ds vkneh dks csp fn;k Fkk] cgqr cqjh gkyr esa jg jgh FkhA og vkneh mls u dsoy ekjrk&ihVrk Fkk] ;kSu fgalk Hkh djrk Fkk vkSj ?kj ls ckgj Hkh ugha tkus nsrk FkkA ml yM+dh ds iM+ksl esa gh liksVZ xzqi dh ,d lnL; jgrh Fkh tks vDlj yM+dh ds jksus dh vkokt+ lqurh FkhA mlus bl yM+dh ls fdlh rjg njokts dh vksV ls ckr dh vkSj ekeys dh tkudkjh tkxksjh dks nhA fQj ml yM+dh dks cqdkZ igukdj ml vkneh ds paxqy ls cpk dj fudkyk x;kA

?kjsyw fgalk ds vykok p;u dk vf/kdkj ;kuh ^jkbV Vq Pokbl* ds Hkh dbZ ekeys tkxksjh ds ikl vkrs gSaA cgqr de yM+fd;ka igys i<+us tkrh FkhaA vkt yxHkx lHkh yM+ds&yM+fd;ka Ldwy tkus yxs gSaA T+;knkrj efgyk,a ukSdjh djus yxh gSa] vius iSjksa ij [kM+h gSaA tqgh ds ikl viuh ilan dh 'kknh djuk ;k 'kknh u djus dh bPNk] ukSdjh djus dh bPNk tSls jkbV Vq Pokbl ds ekeys Hkh vkrs gSaA ftlesa ckrphr ds tfj, dksf'k'k dh tkrh gS fd leL;k dk lek/kku gks tk, vkSj yM+dh dh bPNk ds vuqlkj mls i<+us ;k 'kknh djus dk QSlyk ysus dk vf/kdkj fn;k tk,A

tqgh dks tkxksjh ds izksVksdkWy dh ,d ckr [kVdrh gSA efgyk vxj jkr dks viuh dksbZ leL;k ys dj vkrh gS rks mls vxys fnu vkus ds fy, dgk tkrk gS] jkr esa dk;ZdrkZ ml ekeys esa fdlh rjg dh dkjZokbZ ugha djrh

36

gSaA tqgh dk ekuuk gS fd bl izksVksdksy dk vuqlj.k djuk eqf'dy gks tkrk gSA

^ge LFkkuh; gSaA vklikl dh lHkh efgyk gesa dk;ZdrkZ gh ugha futh rkSj ij Hkh tkurh gSaA dbZ ckj os viuh leL;k,a ysdj jkr ds ,d nks cts Hkh vk tkrh gSaA mUgsa rRdky lgk;rk dh vko';drk gksrh gSA ij ge ml le; mudh dksbZ enn ugha dj ikrs gSaA mUgsa vxys fnu vkus dgrs gS ;k 'kfuokj gS rks lkseokj dks vkus ds fy, dguk eqf'dy gks tkrk gSA D;ksafd efgykvksa dks yxus yxrk gS fd tc mUgsa enn dh t+:jr Fkh rc geus mUkdh enn ugha dhA mUgsa ge ftruk dgs fd ge muds Qk;ns ds fy, ehfVax djrs ;k dke dj jgs gSa mUgsa ;gh yxrk ;s rks viuh ukSdjh dj jgh gSsA ckn esa ge mlh efgyk dks ehfVax ds fy, cqykus tkrs gSa rc mUgsa gels dkQ+h f'kdk;r gksrh gSA os ehfVax esa vkus ds izfr vfUkPNk tkfgj djrh gSaA vius vki esa Hkh gesa vthc yxrk gSA*

efgykvksa ds izfr gksus okyh fgalk ds izfr ljdkjh ra=k dh mnklhurk Hkh U;k; ds ekxZ esa ,d cgqr cM+h ck/kk gSA tqgh dks bl fo"k; ij grk'kk eglwl gksus yxrh gSA ,sls gh ,d ekeys esa le; ij enn u feyus ds dkj.k efgyk dh e`R;q gks tkus dh ?kVuk tqgh ds fy, ,d nq[kn vuqHko gSA efgyk ?kjsyw fgalk dh f'kdkj FkhA fgalk us mlds vka[k dh jks'kuh rd ys yh FkhA ckn esa ;gh fgalk mlds ekSr dh otg Hkh cuhA tqgh dks yxrk

gS fd vxj mls le; ij enn fey tkrh rks vkt og Hkh ft+ank gksrhA iqfyl] dksVZ dh dkjZokbZ dh /kheh xfr] efgykvksa dks la?k"kZ jksddj gkykr ls le>kSrk djus ds fy, etcwj djrh gSA

,slh fLFkfr esa tqgh dks yxrk gS fd tkxksjh dk usVodZ vkSj etcwr fd;k tkuk pkfg,] ftlesa iqfyl vLirky lHkh laLFkku 'kkfey gksaA lkFk gh odhyksa dk Hkh ,slk LoSfPNd lewg ;k usVodZ gks tks bu efgykvksa dks U;k; fnykus esa enn djsA

tqgh dh <kbZ lky dh csVh gS] ifr xksok esa dke djrk gSA tqgh dks vius dke ls cgqr I;kj gSA ;gh otg gS fd mlus 'kknh ds ckn Hkh fnYyh esa gh jgus dk QSlyk fd;kA og viuk Hkfo"; Hkh efgyk vf/kdkjksa ds fy, la?k"kZ esa gh ns[krh gSA

?kjsyw fgalk dkuwu dgrk gS fd bu ekeyksa ij dkjZokbZ tYn ls tYn 'kq: gks dj ekeys dk 7 fnu esa fuiVkjk gks tkuk pkfg,] ij ,slk dqN ugha gksrk gSA rhu&rhu eghus dh rkjh[k mUgsa nh tkrh gS] mlesa dHkh NqV~Vh gS] dHkh gM+rky gS] dHkh Qkby ugha fey jgh] ljdkjh odhy blh rjg ekeys dks Vkyrs jgrs gSaA izkbosV odhy ds fy, efgykvksa ds ikl iSlk ugha gksrkA ;gh lc pyrk jgrk gSA efgyk Fkd gkj ds ifr ds ikl gh ykSV vkrh gS fd pyks de ls de ;gka jksVh rks fey jgh gSA*

/khjs&/khjs vkbZ geesa psruk] gka th /khjs&/khjs vkbZ geesa psruk vc #dsaxs u] #dsaxs u fdlh Hkh gky] vk xbZ psrukvc iwNsaxs ge] vc ge [kwc loky] vk xbZ psruk

37

xhrkiwoZ QhYM dk;ZdrkZ & rktiqj igkM+h] cnjiqj

ft+Eesnkjh& ekscykbts+'ku] dsls odZ esa lg;ksx] Q+kWyksvi

^'kjkc ihdj jkst dh ekjihV] ij lc pqi pki lgrh pyh vk jgh FkhA esjs psgjs rd ls mls uQ+jr FkhA dgrk Fkk& viuk psgjk er fn[kk;k dj] rsjs psgjs dks ns[k dj mYVh vkrh gSA lkjk iSlk 'kjkc esa mM+k nsrk FkkA eSa ?kj pykus ds fy, yksxksa ds ?kj >kM+w&iksaNk djrh FkhA oks Hkh ugha djus nsuk pkgrk FkkA dgrk esjh ukd dVok jgh gS] yksxksa ds ?kj >kMw&ikasNk djrh gSA dgrk eSa rq>ls Hkh[k eaxok dj fn[kkÅaxkA eSaus Hkh[k Hkh ekaxh gSA

jkst 'kjkc ihdj vkrk] ekjrk] tcjnLrh laca/k cukus dh dksf'k'k djrkA ;s esjh jkst dh fnup;kZ Fkh] ysfdu vfr rc gks xbZ tc ifr esjh csVh ij xyr utj Mkyus yxkA mlds lkFk tcjnLrh djus dh dksf'k'k dhA eSaus lkspk] vc cgqr gks x;kA iqfyl esa fjiksVZ ntZ fd;k vkSj cPpksa ds lkFk bl fj'rs ls ckgj vk xbZA*

Ckkr djrs gq, vkt Hkh xhrk ds psgjs ij vrhr ds vuqHko dh js[kk,a reke my>uksa ds lkFk mHkj dj vk tkrh gSaA Xkhrk tkxksjh ds lkFk rhu lkyksa rd tqM+h jghA xhrk us viuh leL;k xyh ehfVax] lkIrkfgd ehfVax esa tkxksjh ds

lkeus j[khA dkmalfyax o lykg dk ,d yack nkSj pykA

fgEer ls Hkjk QSlyk ysus ds ckotwn xhrk dk vkRefo'okl yxkrkj fgalk >syus ds dkj.k fMxk gqvk FkkA yksxksa ls ?kcjkrh FkhA iqfyl Fkkus ds rks uke ls gh dkaius yxrhA fdlh ds lkeus eqag ugha [kksy ikrh FkhA lcls igyh t+:jr xhrk esa [kks, gq, vkRefo'okl dks okil ykuk FkkA

^igys Mjrh Fkh] cksy ugha ikrh FkhA iqfyl] Fkkuk ;s rks lksp Hkh ugha ikrh FkhA uke ls gh dkaius yxrh FkhA eq>s ;kn gS dSls eSaus viuh lkjh ckrsa nhnh ds lkeus j[kh FkhaA ij /khjs&/khjs] ckrphr ds ckn eSa [kqyrh xbZA vc eSa viuh ckr vPNs ls j[k ikrh gwaA ,d le> cuh gSA xyr dks lgrs ugha jguk pkfg,] fojks/k djuk pkfg,A eSa ;gh ckr nwljh efgykvksa dks Hkh le>krh gwaA ,sls rdyhQ+ nsus okys fj'rksa ls ckgj fudyksA*

xhrk tkxksjh esa ?kjsyw fgalk ds ekeyksa ij dkjZokbZ esa lg;ksx djrh FkhA og ihfM+rkvksa ls ckrphr djrh] mUgsa 'kq#vkrh Lrj dh lykg nsrh] mUgsa viuh ckr dks ehfVax esa j[kus o lykg ysus ds fy, izsfjr djrhA ?kjsyw fgalk ds T+;knkrj ekeyksa esa efgyk,a lykg ysdj] ekeyksa dks chp esa gh NksM+ nsrh Fkha] ij mldk iz;kl jgrk Fkk fd os ehfVax esa vk,a rkfd mudk tqM+ko laLFkk ds lkFk cuk jgsA T+;knk tkudkjh o lykg ds fy, og tkxksjh dk fo'ks"kK Vhe dk lg;ksx ysrh FkhA

^vHkh iwjh rjg ls bu ekeyksa dks ns[kus ds fy, eSa izf'kf{kr ugha gwaA ?kjsyw fgalk ls lacf/kr dkuwu dh Hkh iwjh tkudkjh ugha gSA ,sls esa dbZ ckj Fkkus esa iqfyl okys >wBs rdZ j[k dj gesa cgdkus yxrs gSaA tc dkuwu ds ckjs esa eq>s [kqn vPNh rjg ls tkudkjh ugha gS rks eSa D;k ckr d:axhA fdlls ckr d:axhA vxj eq>s tkudkjh gksxh rc gh rks eSa ekeys dks] lgh /kkjk esa fjiksVZ ntZ djokus dh dksf'k'k d:axhA eSa pkgrh gwa fd eq>s izf'k{k.k feysA*

38

xhrk dk ekuuk gS fd rktiqj igkM+h esa cgqrk;r esa ?kjsyw fgalk dh ?kVuk gksus dh eq[; otg u'kk gSA iq#"k u'kk djrs gSa] fQj vkSjrksa dks ekjrs&ihVrs gSaA ljdkjh 'kkSpky;ksa eas fNidj u'ks ds batsD'ku yM+ds yxkrs gSaA ,d efgyk gh 'kjkc dk Bsdk pykrh gSA ;gka dh efgykvksa dks vis{kk jgrh gS fd tkxksjh bl rjg ds u'ks ds dkjksckjksa dks can djus esa Hkh mudh enn djsA mUgsa yxrk fd tkxksjh mudh leL;kvksa ij rks ckr djrh gS] ij leL;k dh tM+ dks nwj djus esa dksbZ enn D;ksa ugha djrhA

bl bykds ds efgyk iz/kku dk [kki tSlk joS;k Hkh efgykvksa ds vf/kdkjksa ds guu esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk jgk gSA cdkSy xhrk yM+dh dks ?kj ds vanj tkdj NsM+us dk ekeyk tc lkeus vk;k rks iz/kkuh us e/;LFkrk djrs gq, ekeys dks ogha jQ+k&nQ+k dj fn;kA dgk fd >wBk vkjksi gS bldk dksbZ lcwr ugha gSA og vDlj ,sls ekeyksa esa yM+dh dks iqfyl rd igqapus ugha nsrhA [kqn gh QSlys lquk nsrhA

tc geus bl ekeys dks mBk;k rks dgus yxh dkSu tkxksjh! eS fdlh tkxksjh dks ugha tkurhA tks djuk gS dj yksA oSlk gh joS;k iqfyl dk jgrk gSA tYnh ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- fy[krs ugha] esfMdy ugha djokrsA mUgsa yxrk gS NksVk&eksVk ?kjsyw >xM+k gS] fuiV tk,xkA tc rd laLFkk dk uke u yks] dke gh ugha gksrkA*

ysfdu dbZ ckj tkxksjh dk uke ysus ds ckotwn iqfyl ekeys dks ntZ ugha djrh vkSj cgkuk djus yxrh fd muds ikl izek.k&i=k gh ugha gS] dSls eku ysa fd os tkxksjh ls gSaA

^ihfM+r efgyk ds lkFk tkus ij dbZ ckj Fkkus ds vanj gh ugha ?kqlus nsrsA dgrs gSa igpku i=k fn[kkvksA ge Hkh ugha cksy ikrs] ge D;k lcwr nsa fd ge tkxksjh ls gh gSaA baMsDl okyh eSMe gh dg nsrh fd dksbZ dkMZ gS rks fn[kkvks] ge dSls ekusa vki tkxksjh ls gksA cgqr fnD+d+r gskrh gSA*

xhrk ds lkeus fnYyh ljdkj dh efgyk gsYiykbZu uacj 181 dh mi;ksfxrk ls lacaf/kr Hkh dbZ loky gSaA mldk dguk gS fd tc iqfyl LVs'ku vkdj Hkh ,Q-vkbZ-vkj-

fy[kokus esa bruh fnD+d+r vkrh gS rks 181 esa D;k f'kdk;r ntZ gksxh\ ^ge ihfM+rk dks dgrs gSa 181 ij Q+ksu djks] vkSj tc Q+ksu fd;k tkrk gS rks mUgsa nwljh txg dk uacj nsdj dgk tkrk ogka tkvksA ogka tk dj ckr djksA gesa bl ckjs esa tkudkjh ugha gSA* ,sls esa xhrk] ihfM+rk dks 100 uacj ij dkWy djus o rRdky esfMdy djokus dh lykg nsrh gSA rkfd efgyk ds ikl viuh f'kdk;r dh lR;rk dk okftc lcwr gksA dbZ ,slh ?kVuk,a gSa ftlesa efgykvksa ds fy, ,d lhek ls vkxs dqN u dj ikus dk xhrk dks csgn eyky gSA

^iM+ksl esa jg jgh lksyg l=kg lky dh yM+dh ds lkFk ?kj esa vPNk O;ogkj ugha gks jgk gS ;s [kcj rks fey jgh Fkh] ij yM+dh us dHkh f'kdk;r ugha fd;k FkkA dbZ ckj mlls ckr djus dh dksf'k'k dh] ij og ckr djus ls Mjrh FkhA ,d ckj xyh esa eSaus mls jksd gh fy;kA mlds 'kjhj ij pksV ds fu'kku lkQ+ fn[k jgs FksA mlus crk;k fd mldh lkSrsyh eka mls u dsoy ?kj dk lkjk dke djokrh vkSj ekjrh&ihVrh gS] cfYd [kkus dks Hkh isV Hkj ugha nsrh gSA yM+dh ds ckyksa ij dqN yxk gqvk FkkA irk pyk eka us lksrs gq, mlds ckyksa esa Qsfodksy yxk fn;k gS rkfd ckn esa mlds cky dkV dj mldk psgjk fcxkM+ nsA eSaus mls dgk fd bldh f'kdk;r iqfyl esa nks rks mls Mj Fkk fd iqfyl mlds ikik dks u idM+ dj ys tk,A geus mlls dbZ ckj feyus dh dksf'k'k dh rks mlds ?kjokyksa dks irk py x;kA mlds firk us blds fy, mls gh MkaVkA ckn esa irk pyk fd yM+dh dks xkao Hkst fn;k x;k gSA og xkao tkuk Hkh pkgrh FkhA

xhrk us NBh Dykl rd i<+kbZ dh gS vkxs dh i<+kbZ ds fy, mls viuh mez vc T+;knk yxrh gS] ij mls [kq'kh gS fd mlds cPpksa us i<+kbZ tkjh j[kh gSA efgyk,a pkjfnokjh esa gksus okyh fgalk ls ckgj fudys vkSj fta+nxh esa vkxs c<s+] bl y{; dks ysdj xhrk us lekt esa QSys xSjcjkcjh ds ekgkSy ds f[kykQ+ la?k"kZ tkjh j[kk gSA

xhrk vc tkxksjh esa dk;Zjr ugha gS] fdUrq og gekjs efgyk lewg dh lnL; gSa bl ys[k esa ntZ mlds fopkj ml le; ls gh gSa tc og tkxksjh esa QhYM dk;ZdrkZ FkhA

39

lfjrkdk;ZdrkZ] cnjiqj] ¼lsQ+ flVh izkstsDV½

lfjrk Ok"kZ 2000 ls tkxksjh ls tqM+h gqbZ gSA lfjrk ds ikl dqN le; ckn dkmalfyax dh ft+Eesnkjh vkbZA orZeku esa vkSj ,d n'kd igys ds ekeyksa esa T+;knk varj lfjrk dks ugha yxrkA

^?kjsyw fgalk] ;kSu mRihM+u] fookg ds vanj cykRdkj fyo&bu esa ikVZuj ds lkFk jguk gS ;k ugha] tSls ekeys rc Hkh vkrs Fks] vkt Hkh vkrs gSaA rc ?kjsyw fgalk ls tqM+s lHkh rjg ds ekeys ,d gh dkuwu ;kfu /kkjk 498 ds rgr gh ntZ gksrs FksA ?kjksa ds vanj gksus okyh fgalk dh igpku gh ugha FkhA ?kj ij mudk fdruk vf/kdkj gS] ihfM+r efgyk ?kj ds vanj jg dj la?k"kZ dj ldrh gS fd ugha ;s lc eqn~ns rks dgha Fks gh ughaA ?kjsyw fgalk dks ysdj vijk/k tSlh dksbZ vo/kkj.kk gh ugha FkhA gekjh dksf'k'k jgrh Fkh fd efgykvksa dks viuh leL;k j[kus ds fy, ,d Lisl feys] tgka os fcuk fdlh fgpd ds viuh

ckr j[k ldsaA gesa bu ekeyksa dks dkmalfyax ls dkQ+h gn rd lqy>kus dh dksf'k'k djuh iM+rh FkhA dkuwu dk utfj;k Fkk fd vxj efgyk dh gR;k ugha gqbZ rks ckdh fgalk rks NksVs&eksVs ?kjsyw ekeys gSaA bu efgykvksa ds fy, lekt ds ikl cspkjxh dk utfj;k t+:j Fkk] ij mUgsa fgalk ds :i esa ugha ns[kk tkrk FkkA iqfyl dk gLr{ksi Hkh ngst ds ekeyksa rd gh flfer FkkA*

?kjksa ds vanj gksus okyh fgalk dk eqn~nk efgyk,a rHkh mBkrh gSa tc mUgsa yxus yxrk gS fd cl cgqr gks x;kA vc mUgsa bl fj'rs esa ugha jguk gSA ,sls le; esa tkxksjh bu efgykvksa dks ,d ,slk LFkku nsrh gS tgka os viuh leL;kvksa dks csf>>d [kqy dj j[k ikrh gSaA mUgsa vglkl djk;k tkrk gS fd muds lkFk dksbZ [kM+k gS tks mudh ckr lqu jgk gS] le> jgk gSA leL;k dks dSls nwj fd;k tk ldrk gS bl eqn~ns ij fopkj&foe'kZ gksrk gSA

^efgyk,a bruh fMLVcZ gksrh gSa fd viuh ckr igyh ckj esa j[k Hkh ugha ikrh gSaA nks&rhu cSBdksa ds ckn gh os [kqy ikrh gSaA ^foesu lsy ;k efgyk eaMy tSlh txgsa Fkh tgka mEehn dh tkrh Fkh fd os viuh leL;k,a ogka j[ksaA efgyk,a ntZu Hkj yksxksa ds chp esa ftlesa muds vius fj'Rksnkj Hkh gksrs Fks viuh futh ckrsa dSls lk>k dj ldrh FkhaA D;k os brus yksxksa ds chp crk ldrh gSa fd ifr mUgsa 'kkjhfjd :i ls larq"V djus esa l{ke ugha gSa] mls bl fj'rs ls fudyuk gS\ efgyk eaMy ;k foesu lsy tcjnLrh laca/kksa dks iSpvi djkus esa yxh jgrh gSA*

tkxksjh esa] ^efgyk dh bPNk ds vuqlkj vkxs dh dkjZokbZ lg;ksx fn;k tkrk gSA dkmalfyax ;k lykg ,d e'khuh O;ogkj ugha gSA* cdkSy lfjrk vius&vius vuqHko

40

ds vk/kkj ij gh O;fDr dk utfj;k curk gSA dkmalfyax ds nkSjku ges'kk bl ckr ij /;ku fn;k tkrk gS fd og la;qDr fopkj dk ifj.kke gksA efgyk tc leL;k lkeus j[krh gS rks dbZ igyqvksa ij fopkj fd;k tkrk gSA elyu leL;k dh ewy otg D;k gS] leL;k ds gy ds fy, dkSu&dksSu ls jkLrs fudkys tk ldrs gSaA mu mik;ksa ds fofHkUu vk;keksa ij fopkj fd;k tkrk gSA leL;k ds ewy esa xyrQ+geh rks ugha gS] ;k dksbZ vkSj dkj.k ftls efgyk Li"V rkSj ij vius ikVuZj dks O;Dr ugha dj ik jgh gSA ifjokj ds nwljs yskxksa dh otg ls rks lac/k [kjkc ugha gks jgk\ ;k dksbZ vkSj dkj.k\ bu lHkh igyqvksa ij fopkj djus ds ckn gh ihfM+rk dks lykg nh tkrh gS ;k dkmalfyax dh tkrhA

vU; dbZ eqn~ns tks igys Hkh ekStwn Fks] ysfdu mUgsa igpku ugha feyh Fkha] ;s eqn~ns vc vyx utfj, ls ns[ks tkus yxs gSaA leySafxd laca/k ,slk gh eqn~nk gSA ,sls gh dbZ eqn~ns tkxksjh ds lkeus igys Hkh vkrs Fks vkSj vc Hkh vk;k djrs gSaA igys nks yM+fd;ka lkFk jg jgh gSa rks mls leySafxd laca/k ds :i esa ugha ns[kk tkrk Fkk] cfYd lekt mls Lohd`fr o enn nsrk FkkA vkt leySafxd laca/k dks igpkuk tkus yxk gSA

^leySafxd laca/kksa okys ekeys Hkh dbZ vkrs gSaA mUgsa vyx rjhds ls lqy>kuk gksrk gSA lgthou lekt esa igys Hkh FkkA vc fyo&bu ds :i esa T+;knk [kqy dj vk jgk gSA dbZ ckj 'kknh esa fnD+d+r dh otg ;g Hkh gksrh gS fd 'kknh tSlh laLFkk ij fdlh ,d ikVZuj dks fo'okl gh ugha gksrk] laca/k pykus ds fy, fdlh rjg dk le>kSrk djus ds fy, rS;kj gh ugha gksrsA csVk Hkh dHkh eka ds lkFk cykRdkj dj ldrk gS ;k cki] csVh dks laca/k cukus ds fy, etcwj dj ldrk gS\ lquk Fkk] ij dHkh lkeus ugha vk;k FkkA bl rjg ds ekeys Hkh vk, gSaA*

lfjrk tkxksjh esa vkus okys ekeyksa esa ,d vkSj cnyko ns[k jgh gSaA igys vius futh elyksa dks ysdj tkxksjh ds ikl vkus okyh efgykvksa dh mez pkyhl ls Åij dh gksrh Fkha] tcfd mez dk ;g nk;jk vc T+;knk c<+k gS] vc de mez dh fookfgrk Hkh vius elyksa dks ysdj dkmalfyax ;k lek/kku ds fy, tkxksjh ds ikl vkrh gSA

^igys efgyk,a pkyhl&ipkl dh mez rd lc dqN lgrh pyh tkrh FkhaA mUgsa yxrk Fkk muds lkFk gksus okyh fgalk muds thou dk fgLlk gS os mldk ftØ viuh csfV;ksa rd ls ugha djrh FkhaA csfV;ksa ds lkFk Hkh gksrk rks [kqn gh le>k dj okfil llqjky Hkst nsrhaA ij vkt bl fgalk ls eqDr gksus ds fy, vBkjg&mUuhl lky dh fookfgrk,a Hkh vk jgh gSaA*

vxj iqfyl ds ikl fjdkWMZ esa efgyk vijk/k ds f[kykQ+ f'kdk;rksa dh la[;k c<+ xbZ gS rks bldk vFkZ ;g ugha fd efgykvksa ds f[kykQ+ vijk/k igys de Fks vc T+;knk gks x, gSa] cfYd efgyk,a vc [kqy dj vius lkFk gksus okyh fgalk ;k vijk/k ds f[kykQ+ f'kdk;r ntZ djokus vk jgh gaSA

lfjrk] tkxksjh ds lkFk feydj dsoy dkmalfyax o dsl odZ gh ugha dj jgh gSa] cfYd bykds dh efgykvksa ds chp efgyk vf/kdkjksa] fgalk ds Lo:i] lacf/kr dkuwu ds fo"k; esa mudh le> cukus ds iz;kl esa Hkh yxh gqbZ gSaA

^muesa bruh tkx#drk vk xbZ gS fd og vius lkFk gksus okyh fgalk dk fojks/k djsa] vius vf/kdkjksa dks igpkusaA ^vkt efgyk,a viuh leL;k,a iwjs vf/kdkj ds Hkko ds lkFk ys dj vkrh gSaA mUgsa irk gS fd muds lkFk tks gks jgk gS oks xyr gS] vkSj xyr blfy, gks jgk gS D;ksafd mUgksaus vius vf/kdkjksa dk bLrseky ugha fd;k gSA os vc igys dh rjg os Nqirs&Nqikrs viuh ihM+k dks lk>k djus ugha vkrh gSaA

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lkcjkdk;ZdrkZ] lgk;rk lewg ds xBu esa lg;ksx]¼f'kokfyd] enuiqj [kknj] cnjiqj] cokuk½

ds dbZ ,sls :i gSa ftUgsa os >sy jgh gksrh gSa] ij mUgsa irk gh ugha gksrk fd ;g Hkh fgalk gSA ckrphr ls mudh lksp esa Hkh cnyko vkrk gSA dbZ ckj os [kqn Hkh efgyk fojksèkh dk;Z dj jgh gksrh gSa] ij mUgsa [kqn bldk irk ugha pyrkA tc le>rh gSa rc mUgsa vglkl gksrk gS fd gka! eSa xyr dj jgh FkhA*

bu bykdkas esa T+;knkrj ekeys ?kjsyw fgalk ds vkrs gSa] ysfdu efgykvksa ds lkFk gksus okys fgalk ds dbZ vU; :i Hkh ;gka vkus okys ekeyksa esa utj vkrs gSaA cqtqxZ eka ds lkFk csVs dk xyr O;ogkj ftlesa cykRdkj ls ysdj] iSlk Nhu ysuk] ekjuk&ihVuk o vU; izdkj dk mRihM+u Hkh 'kkfey gSA ogha cPpksa ds lkFk ifjokj tuksa }kjk gh ;kSu&mRihM+u djus tSls ekeys Hkh vkrs gSaA lkcjk mu efgykvksa dh leL;k dks lqudj mUgsa t+:jr ds fglkc ls dkmalfyax dh O;oLFkk djrh gSa] ifjokj ds yksxksa ls ckrphr djrh gSa] vxj Fkkus ;k dksVZ dh t+:jr gksrh gS rks ogka Hkh tkus esa mudh enn og djrh gSaA ekeyk lqy> tkrk gS rc Hkh yacs le; rd dsl dk QkWyksvi djuk gksrk gSA

bu efgykvksa ds lkFk laidZ cukus esa lkekftd lksp ,d cM+h ck/kk ds :i esa lkeus vkrh gSA ifjokj ds yksx ?kj dh efgykvksa ls gekjs esytksy ij loky [kM+k djrs gSa] efgykvksa ds lkFk ckrphr djus ij jksd yxkrs gSaA ifjokj vkSj lekt }kjk lkcjk vkSj tkxksjh ds vU; dk;ZdrkZvksa dks 'kd dh fuxkg ls ns[kk tkrk gSA

^fQj Hkh ge mu efgykvksa ls ckj& ckj ckr djus dh dksf'k'k djrs gSaA ifjokj okyksa dks le>kus dh dksf'k'k djrs gSaA lkekftd lksp Hkh gekjs dke esa ck/kk Mkyrh gS vkSj ;s lksp bruh et+cwr gksrh gS fd mlds lkeus loky [kM+k djus ij leqnk; fgald :i ysus ds fy, Hkh rS;kj gks tkrk gSA gekjh tku ij Hkh [krjk cu tkrk

lkcjk] enuiqj [kknj] cnjiqj] o cokuk esa efgykvksa dk lewg cukus esa tkxksjh dk lg;ksx djrh gSaA [kklrkSj ij cnjiqj esa efgykvksa ls laidZ] tqM+ko] ckrphr o fgalk ls tqM+s ekeyksa esa ihfM+r efgykvksa dh enn djrh gSaA xyh ehfVax efgykvksa ls ckrphr dk ,d vPNk ek/;e curk tk jgk gSA efgyk,a [kqn Hkh ml ehfVax esa vk tkrh gSaA dbZ ckj eSa mUkds ?kjksa esa tkdj muls ckrphr djrh mUgsa izsfjr djrh gSa fd os bl ehfVax esa 'kkfey gksaA bl ehfVax esa u,&u, fo"k;ksa ij ckrphr gksrh gS] ij T+;knkrj fgalk ij gh efgyk,a ckrphr djus dks bPNqd jgrh gSaA dbZ ckj ckrphr ds nkSjku os [kqn efgyk fgalk ls tqM+h viuh leL;k Hkh j[krh gSaA fgalk

42

gSA ,d yM+dh ds lkFk gqbZ ;kSu fgalk ds ekeys esa enn djus ij leqnk; }kjk xaHkhj fojks/k dk lkeuk gesa djuk iM+k FkkA* vdsyh yM+dh us tkxksjh ds leFkZu ls vius ;kSu mRihM+u ds f[kykQ+ vkokt+ mBkbZA yM+dh dk lkFk nsus ij mlds ifjokj okys ;gka rd fd eka Hkh tkxksjh dk fojks/k djus yxh FkhA leqnk; Hkh ifjokj ds lkFk gh [kM+k FkkA ,d fLFkfr ;g Fkh fd ml bykds esa tkxksjh us ftruh efgykvksa dks vius lkFk tksM+k Fkk lc mlds f[kykQ+ gks xbZa] ysfdu lkcjk us iz;kl ugha NksM+kA mu efgykvksa ds lkFk ckrphr dk iz;kl tkjh j[kkA

^yM+dh dh eka rks tgka eq>s ns[krh Fkh pqUuh ls eqag <d dj jkLrk cny ysrh FkhA dHkh xkfy;ka nsus yxrh FkhA mlds lkFk dh nwljh efgyk,a Hkh ,slk gh djrh Fkha] ij geus fgEer ugha gkjhA ckrphr dh dksf'k'k djrh jghA vc tk dj fLFkfr dqN csgrj gqbZ gSA os efgyk,a gh eq>s crkrh gSa fd vki lgh dg jgs FksA ,slk gksrk gS vkSj ;g xyr gS geus Vh- oh- esa Hkh ns[kk gSA*

^efgyk,a dksVZ ;k iqfyl ds ikl tkus esa cgqr fgpfdpkrh gSaA ,d rjQ+ ifjokj o lekt dk ;g ncko mUk ij cuk jgrk gS fd ifjokj dks cuk, j[kus ds fy, os pqipki lc dqN >sysaA gekjs le>kus o fgEer ca/kkus ij os iqfyl rd tkrh Hkh gSa rks bu laLFkkuksa dks joS;k bUgsa ijs'kku dj nsrk gSA le>k tk ldrk gS fd dSlk pkSrjQk ncko mu ij jgrk gSA*

lkcjk dks ljdkjh laLFkkuksa dk efgyk fgalk ds izfr mnklhu utfj;k cgqr ijs'kku djrk gSA ?kjsyw fgalk ds ekeyksa dks rks iqfyl ?kjsyw ekeyk dg dj jQ+k&nQ+k djus dh dksf'k'k djrh gh gS( cfYd cqtqxZ efgyk ds lkFk csVs ds ekQ+Zr gksus okyh fgalk dks Hkh ?kjsyw ekeyk dgdj Vkyus dk iqfyl Hkjld iz;kl djrh gSA

lkcjk vkSj tkxksjh dk lkFk 'kq#vkrh nkSj ls gSA tkxksjh ,d ,u- th- vks- ds :i esa 1984 esa iathd`r gqbZA 1984 ls igys Hkh tkxksjh dh fnYyh ds dbZ fgLlksa esa ehfVax

gksrh FkhA lkcjk mu ehfVaxksa esa Hkh vk;k djrh FkhA le;&le; ij gksus okys odZ'kkWi] lsfeukj o O;ogkfjd vuqHkoksa ls lkcjk dh efgyk vf/kdkjksa o dkuwu ds ckjs esa vPNh le> cu xbZ gSA

^eSa esg:fUulk ds ek/;e ls tkxksjh esa vkbZA blls igys ^,D'ku ,M* o ^,Mok* esa FkhA eq>s cpiu ls gh efgyk vf/kdkj ds lokyksa ij vkokt+ mBkuk vPNk yxrk FkkA 'kknh ds ckn pkj cPpksa dh ft+Eesnkjh Hkh vk xbZA ifr dqN dke djus dks rS;kj ugha Fkk] [kqn eSaus cPpksa dks ikyiksl dj cM+k fd;k gSA mu fnuksa tkxksjh ,dy efgykvksa dh thouh dks fy[kus dk dke dj jgh Fkh] eSa Hkh ml dke esa 'kkfey gks xbZA*

?kjsyw dkexkj efgykvksa ds dbZ ekeyksa esa tgka ,d vksj ?kjsyw fgalk dh leL;k fn[kkbZ nsrh gS] ogha fu;ksDrkvksa ds lkFk Hkh mUgsa dbZ rjg dh leL;kvksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gS( elyu dbZ eghuksa rd ru[okg ugha nsukA dbZ ckj csotg mu ij pksjh dk bYtk+e Hkh yxk fn;k tkrk gSA iqfyl Hkh fu;ksDrk dh f'kdk;r dks T+;knk egRo nsrh gSA efgyk [kqn dks csxqukg lkfcr djrs&djrs Fkd tkrh gS] ij mldh lquokbZ ugha gksrhA ,sls esa tkxksjh dks gLr{ksi djuk iM+rk gSA ru[okg ds ekeys esa Hkh vxj efgyk pkgrh gS rks fu;ksDrk ls ckrphr djds ekeys dks lqy>kus dh dksf'k'k dh tkrh gSA

lhfer dekbZ vkSj cPpksa dh ft+Eesnkjh ds ckotwn lkcjk dh nqfu;k vius ifjokj rd gh ugha fleVh gqbZ gSA efgyk eqn~nksa ij rks og c<+&p<+ dj vkokt+ mBkrh jgh gS] ij tgka ckr balkfu;r dh vkrh gS ogka Hkh vius iSj ihNs ugha djrh gSA flfer vk; gksus ds ckotwn eqfLye fganw tUenkrk ds fookn esa Qals ykokfjl cPps dks viukus esa mlus nks ckj ugha lkspkA mlds fy, cPps dk fganw ;k eqfLye gksuk dksbZ ek;us ugha j[krk FkkA vxj dksbZ ckr ek;us j[krh Fkh rks og ;s fd ,d cPps dks Nr vkSj ns[kHkky dh t+:jr gSA vkt og cPpk toku gks x;k gS] vius iSjksa ij [kM+k gks x;k gSA mldh 'kknh dh rS;kjh esa lkcjk eka ftruk gh mRlkg ls yxh gqbZ gSA

43

y{ehdk;ZdZdrkZ

cnjiqj] ekyoh; uxj] gkSt+[kkl

y{eh tkxksjh ds lsQ+ flVh vfHk;ku ls tqM+ dj efgyk lqj{kk ds eqn~ns ij dke dj jgh gSA cnjiqj] ekyoh; uxj] gkSt[kkl vkfn bykdks esa efgykvksa ds dbZ lewg cus gSa ftudh vDlj cSBdsa gksrh gaS] ftldk eq[; eqn~nk efgyk lqj{kk gksrk gSA

^bl vfHk;ku ds rgr efgykvksa ds lewg cukus gksrs gSaA bu lewgksa dh ehfVax le;&le; ij gksrh gSA ckrphr esa efgykvksa ds vf/kdkjksa ls tqM+s dbZ loky mHkj dj vkrs gSaA lkFk gh lqj{kk ls lacaf/kr mu bykdksa dh leL;k,a Hkh lkeus vkrh gSa( elyu dkSu lk jkLrk vlqjf{kr gS] ogka jks'kuh dh deh ;k nwljh otgsa ekStwn gSaA mu LFkkuksa dh igpku dj mUgsa lqjf{kr cukus dh fn'kk esa iqfyl ds lkFk fey dj dne mBk, tkrs gSaA*

y{eh tkxksjh ds lkFk o"kZ 2006 esa tqM+h FkhaA ,d fe=k ds ek/;e ls mls tkxksjh vkSj mlds }kjk vk;ksftr cSBdksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh feyhA cSBd esa efgyk lqj{kk ds fofHkUu igyqvksa ij ckrphr gks jgh FkhA mls eglwl gqvk fd ;s ,d ,slh txg gS tgka mu eqn~nksa ij ckrphr gksrh gS tks mlds Hkh thou ls tqM+s gSaA mlus mu cSBdksa esa vkuk 'kq: fd;kA o"kZ 2012 esa y{eh crkSj dk;ZdrkZ tkxksjh esa 'kkfey gks xbZA

^efgyk lqj{kk dk loky xSjcjkcjh ls iwjh rjg tqM+k gqvk gSA lekt esa L=kh&iq#"k ds chp xSjcjkcjh gS] tks vius dks T+;knk rkdroj le>sxk oks detksj dks viuh rkdr dk ckj&ckj ,glkl djk,xkA iq#"k viuh rkdr dk ,glkl djokus ds fy, efgykvksa ij fgalk djrk gSA efgyk iwjh rjg ls rHkh lqjf{kr gksaxh tc lekt esa xSjcjkcjh [kRe gskxhA ge iq#"kksa ls Hkh bl lanHkZ esa ckrphr djrs gSaA*

y{eh efgyk fgalk ds tqM+s ekeyksa dks lh/ks rkSj ij ugha ns[krh gS] ysfdu dbZ ckj efgyk lqj{kk vfHk;ku ij dk;Z djrs le; dbZ ekeys mlds lkeus Hkh vkrs gSa ftuesa efgykvksa dh lgk;rk dh t+:jr gksrh gSA

^vHkh Hkh efgykvksa dks irk gh ugha gS fd ?kjsyw fgalk D;k gSA mUgsa crkrs gSa fd ftls os fgalk ugha vkSjr dh fu;fr eku jgh gSa oks fgalk gS vkSj mls jksdk tkuk pkfg,A y{eh mUgsa tkxksjh ls enn fnyokrh gSA dkuwu dh iwjh tkudkjh ugha gS bl otg ls cgqr enn rks mUgsa ,sls ekeyksa esa ugha ns ikrh] ysfdu ^Q+LVZ ,M* ds :i esa rRdky jkgr nsus dk dke djrs gSaA fQj mUgsa tkxksjh ds vkWfQ+l esa cqykrs ;k tgka mUgsa lqfo/kk gksrh gS] ogka tkxksjh dk dksbZ dk;ZdrkZ tkrh gS] vkSj mudh enn djrh gSA*

y{eh ds lkeus tc ekeys vkrs rks og bl tkudkjh dks gkfly djus dh dksf'k'k djrh fd ekeys dh 'kq#vkr

44

dSls gqbZA xyrh fdldh gS] dSls ml ekeys dks 'kkar rjhds ls lqy>k;k tk ldrk FkkA

^tc vkilh yM+kbZ gksrh gS] ,d i{k xqLls esa gS vkSj tksj&tksj ls cksy jgk gS rks nwljs i{k dks 'kkar gks tkuk pkfg,A dbZ ckj nksuksa i{k mÙksftr gks tkrs gS rks ekeyk c<+ tkrk gSA fLFkfr dks ns[krs gq, ckn esa 'kkafr ls le>k;k tkrk gS rks dbZ ekeys [kqn c [kqn lqy> tkrs gSaA dbZ ckj ekeyksa dks lqy>kus ds fy, mldh O;ogkfjdrk ij Hkh /;ku nsuk iM+rk gSA*

tkxksjh dh laxr lss u dsoy y{eh ds fopkjksa esa cnyko vk;k gS] cfYd mlds ifjokj dh lksp esa Hkh dkQ+h cnyko vk;k gSA y{eh tkxksjh }kjk efgyk vf/kdkjksa ij izdkf'kr lkekfxz;ksa dks ifjokj ds yksxksa dks Hkh i<+us ds fy, nsrh gSA le;&le; ij bu eqn~nksa ij cPpksa o ifr ds lkFk ckrphr Hkh djrh gSA ftldk ifj.kke gS fd ifjokj ds lnL; efgyk vf/kdkj ds eqn~ns dks laosnu'khyrk ds lkFk ns[kus yxs gSa vkSj vc ?kj dh ft+Eesnkjh esa Hkh cjkcj gkFk caVkrs gSaA

;s oD+r dh vkokt+ gS fey ds pyks ;s ft+anxh dk jkt+ gS fey ds pyks fey ds pyks] fey ds pyks] fey pyks----- pyks HkbZ fey ds pyks-----

45

lquhrk Bkdqjdkmalyj] dkuwuh lykgdkj

lquhrk vkSj tkxksjh dk lkFk dkQ+h yack jgk gSA fiNys yxHkx 19 lkyksa ls lquhrk tkxksjh ds lkFk dke dj jgh gSaA tkxksjh }kjk izdkf'kr if=kdk ^ge lcyk* tks ckn esa ^lcyk* uke ls Hkh izdkf'kr gksrh jgh] lquhrk us ml if=kdk esa lgk;d laiknd ds rkSj ij dke djuk 'kq: fd;k Fkk] ysfdu tYn gh muds #>ku dks ns[krs gq, dkmalfyax dk dk;Z Hkh mUgsa ns fn;k x;kA^

^'kq#vkr esa ,d dsl ds ekeys esa eq>s nf{k.kiqjh Hkstk x;kA ogka eSaus rc vius ofj"B lkfFk;ksa dks ns[kk os fdl rjg ls dsl ij dk;Z djrs gSaA ogka efgykvksa ds lkFk gksus okyh cSBdksa esa 'kkfey gksus yxhA mudh leL;kvksa dks lw{erk ls le>us dh dksf'k'k djrhA dkuwu dk vkSipkfjd Kku rks ugha Fkk] ij dkQ+h le> Fkh D;kasfd esjh ikfjokfjd i`"BHkwfe dkuwu ls tqM+h gqbZ gSA vkSipkfjd rkSj ij eSaus dkmalfyax o dsl odZ dk dke 2001 ls 'kq: fd;kA*

lquhrk us vius dkmalfyax ds dke dks vkSj csgrj rjhds ls djus ds fy, cdk;nk dke ds lkFk&lkFk dkuwu dh fMxzh Hkh gkfly dhA lquhrk eq[;r% f'kokfyd] tkxksjh ds eq[; dk;kZy; esa vkus okys ekeyksa dks ns[krh gSaA lkFk gh [kknj] rktiqj o cokuk esa Hkh dsl odZ ds fy, tkrh gSaA*

^cokuk T+;knk ugha gks ikrk] ij dkuwuh lykg dh t+:jr iM+us ij ogka Hkh tkrh gwaA eSa njvly lSDlw,y gjklesaV desVh dh lnL; Hkh gwa o lh-vkbZ-,l-,Q- dks Hkh dkQh oDr nsuk iM+rk gSA dbZ ckj lc dke ns[kuk eqf'dy gks tkrk gS vkSj dksbZ efgyk gekjs ikl lg;ksx dh ekax ysdj vk, vkSj ge mls viuk 100 izfr'kr u nsa rks ;g Hkh Bhd ugha yxrk gSA*

bu vBkjg lkyksa esa tkxksjh esa vkus okys ekeyksa ds Lo:i esa le; ds lkFk dkQ+h cnyko vk;k gSA tgka

46

igys ngst ds ekeys o ikfjokfjd fookn ds ekeys T+;knk vkrs Fks vc ?kjsyw fgalk] lg&thou ls tqM+h leL;k,a] ;kSu mRihM+u] dk;Z{ks=k esa ;kSu mRihM+u] tSlh leL;k,a T+;knk vk jgh gSaA dk;Z{ks=k esa ;kSu mRihM+u esa T+;knkrj ekeys vlaxfBr {ks=k ls tqM+s gSa] ftlesa IyslesaV ,stsUlh] ?kjsyw dkexkj efgykvksa dh leL;k T+;knk gSA fyo bu fjy'ku esa /kjsyw fgalk dh f'kdk;rsa Hkh gSa] ogha fookg dk ok;nk djds 'kkjhfjd laca/k cukus tSls ekeys Hkh gSaA

fyo bu fjys'kuf'ki ds ekeyksa esa ns[kus esa vk;k gS iq#"k&efgyk lkFk jgs] ,d le; ds ckn iq#"k fj'rs ls fudyus dh dksf'k'k djrk gSA efgyk pkgrh gS fdlh rjg og fj'rs esa #d tk,A rks dbZ ckj jsi ;k 'kknh dk ok;nk djds laca/k cukus dk vkjksi yxkrh gSaA os pkgsaxh ge mUgsa blesa mudh enn djsaA /kks[ks ls laca/k cukus ij dkuwu rks gS] ysfdu efgyk ;g dSls fl} dj ldrh gS fd mlus 'kknh dk ok;nk fd;k FkkA vkilh lgefr ls cus laca/k esa jsi Hkh dSls lkfcr fd;k tk ldrk gSA vxj dqN f[kyk dj jsi fd;k gS rc fQj Hkh dsl curk gSA gekjk dke mUgsa lPpkbZ ls :c: djokuk Hkh gSA mUgsa cqjk yxsxk ij gekjk dke gS fd ge mUgsa izkFkfed Lrj ij crk nsa ds ;s lc djds mUgsa vkxs pydj uqdlku gh gksxkA*

bu ekeyksa ds vykok dbZ ckj laifr ls lacaf/kr ekeys Hkh tkxksjh esa vkrs gSaA gkykafd laifr ls lacaf/kr ekeysa tkxksjh ds dk;Z{ks=k esa ugha vkrsA ysfdu fQj Hkh vukf/kdkfjd rkSj ij rRdkfyd lykg efgykvksa dks miyC/k djokbZ tkrh gS] elyu ekeys dk D;k dkuwuh dks.k cu ldrk gS] fdl odhy ds ikl tkuk csgrj jgsxk buds laifÙk vf/kdkj D;k gS] fdrus lhfer gSA vkfnA jkbV Vq Pokbl ds Hkh dbZ ekeysa tkxksjh ds ikl vkrs gSaA

^jkbV Vq Pokbl ds ekeys ds izfr esjk vyx utfj;k gSA vkerkSj ij bls 'kknh ds ,axy ls ns[kk tkrk gS] ij eS blesa ukSdjh] f'k{kk lHkh dqN 'kkfey djrh gwaA dksbZ yM+dh 'kknh ugha djuk pkgrh vkxs i<+uk pkgrh gS ;k ukSdjh djuk pkgrh gS ;k 'kknh vius ilan ds yM+ds ls

djuk pkgrh] ;k 'kknh djuk gh ugha pkgrh rks ;s Hkh jkbV Vq Pokbl ls tqM+s gSaA ,slk ugha djus ij yM+dh dks ifjokj okys ekjrs ihVrs gSa] yM+dh ?kj NksM+ dj vk tkrh gS] ;k dgrh gS fd gesa ?kj NksM+uk gSA*

,sls le; esa tkxksjh mUgsa xkbM djrh gS fd mUgsa fdu&fdu ckrksa dk /;ku j[kuk gSA mUgas cpko ds lqj{kk mik; o vU; rjhds ckrsa tSls fd t+:jh lfVZfQ+dsV] igpkui=k vkfn oxSjg lkFk ysuk rkfd vkxs i<+kbZ ;k ukSdjh tkjh j[k ldsA muds fy, vkJ; dh O;oLFkk dh tkrh gSA 'ksYVj gkse esa Hkstus ls igys yM+dh ds vfHkHkkod ls ckr dh tkrh gS] ftlesa yM+dh dk i{k j[k dj mUgsa mldk utfj;k le>kus dh dksf'k'k dh tkrh gSA dbZ ekeyksa esa vfHkHkkod yM+dh dh bPNk dks eku ysrs gSa vkSj yM+dh dks ?kj ys tkrs gSa] ij dbZ ekeyksa esa vfHkHkkod viuh ft+n ij vM+s jgrs gSa ,sls esa yM+dh dk c;ku ekyoh; uxj Fkkus esa ntZ djokus ds ckn yM+dh dks 'ksYVj gkse Hkst fn;k tkrk gS] tgka vkJ; ysdj yM+dh vius Hkfo"; dh ;kstuk cukrh gSA

jkbV Vq Pokbl ds varxZr dbZ ekeys ukckfyx yM+fd;ksa ds Hkh vkrs gSaA gkykafd ,sls ekeys cgqr de gSa] ,sls ekeyksa dks tkxksjh lh-McY;w-lh- ;kfu cky dY;k.k lfefr dks jsQ+j dj nsrh gSA*

vius firk] HkkbZ o nknk }kjk ;kSu mRihM+u dh f'kdkj cPph dks eqDr djk;k vkSj lh-MCY;w-lh- dh enn ls mls vktknh fnykbZ ;g dsl vHkh dksVZ esa py jgk gSA blesa gekjs dk;ZdrkZvksa ij tkuysok geys Hkh gq,A vc og cPph 'ksYVj gkse esa jgdj i<+kbZ dj jgh gSA u, izksVksdksy ds rgr cPpksa ds ekeyksa dks tkxksjh vius gkFk esa ugha ys ldrhA ge Lkh-McY;w-lh- esa fjiksVZ djds mudh t:jr ds vuqlkj enn djrs gSaA cPph ds lkFk esfMdy oxSjg ds fy, tkrs gSaA*

xkSjryc gS fd ?kjsyw fgalk ds T+;knkrj ekeys chp esa gh [kRe gks tkrs gSaA dkj.k dbZ gksrs gSa ij tkxksjh dk iz;kl jgrk gS fd efgyk viuh ljokbojksa ds lokyksa

47

vkSj elyksa ij dsl u Hkh ntZ gks rc Hkh ge efgykvksa ds lkFk yxkrkj laidZ cuk, j[ksaA yxkrkj ckrphr pyrh jgrh gSA gkykr ls le>kSrk dj ysus ds muds QSlys ds ckotwn mUgsa vdsyk ugha NksM+k tkrkA

vxj muls laidZ izR;{k rkSj ij ugha jgrk rks vizR;{k rkSj ij muls laidZ cuk;k tkrk gSA elyu dksbZ efgyk tks ?kjsyw fgalk ls ihfM+r gS] rdyhQ+ esa gS] ysfdu fdlh laxBu ls lg;ksx ysus ls vHkh cp jgh gS] mlds vius dkj.k gksaxs] rc ge mlds fdlh lkFkh ds ek/;e ls ge rd lykg igqapkus dh dksf'k'k djrsA ßgekjk ,d fl)kar gS mudh enn djks tks [kqn dh enn dks rS;kj gSaA lekt dh fir`lÙkkRed le> gS] efgyk,a Hkh mlls izHkkfor gksrh gSsaA ge fdlh efgyk dh rjQ ls vius vki dqN ugha dj ldrsA tc rd os [kqn igy u djsaAÞ

efgyk dh fyf[kr f'kdk;r ij nwljs i{k dks ckrphr ds fy, cqyk;k tkrk gSA dbZ ckj nwljk i{k ckrphr ds fy, ugha vkrk gSA rc rd efgykvksa dks Hkh okLrfod fLFkfr dk ,glkl gks tkrk gSA rc efgykvksa dks ekufld rkSj ij rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS fd os vkxs fdl rjg dh dkuwuh dkjZokbZ lg;ksx vkSj dgka ls ys ldrh gSA tSl dksVZ esa dsl ntZ djuk ;k Økbe lSy ;k Mh-,l-,l-,-A cl ;gka rd dk gh tkxksjh vkSj ihfM+r efgyk dk lkFk gksrk gSA D;ksafd tkxksjh lfoZl izksokbMj ¼lsok iznkrk½ [kqn ugha gS rks mUgsa lfoZl izksokbMj ds ikl efgyk dks vkxs dh dk;Zokgh ds fy, Hkstuk iM+rk gSA

^eSaus Hkh ,d j.kuhfr cukbZ gS tc dksbZ efgyk gekjs ikl ?kjsyw fgalk dk ekeyk ysdj vkrh gS rks eSa mUgsa crk nsrh gwa fd ge rHkh lQy gksaxs tc nksuksa i{k ckrphr dks rS;kj gksaA rks efgyk Hkh ekufld rkSj ij rS;kj jgrh gS fd mlds ekeys esa vkxs D;k&D;k gksuk gSA ge mUgsa lykg nsrs gS fd Qyka laxBu ;k lh-ih-McY;w- tks lfoZl izksokbMj gSa ogka mUgsa tkuk gksxkA ogka ls mUgsa ;s vfèkdkj fey ldrs gSaA lfoZl izksokbMj laLFkk ds ikl Hkstus ds ckn Hkh ge mu ekeyksa dk Q+kWyksvi djrs jgrs gSaA vxj

mUgsa dksVZ Hkstrs gSa rks ge mUgsa dgrs gSa fd odhy vxj mUgsa fdlh rjg ls ijs'kku dj jgk gS rks os gels laidZ dj ldrh gSaA fQj ge odhy ls ckr djsaxsA ,slh fLFkfr esa tkxksjh ncko lewg ds :i esa dke djrh gSA*

?kjsyw fgalk ds dbZ ,sls ekeys ftlesa efgyk vkfFkZd :i ls dksVZ dpgjh tkus dh fLFkfr esa ugha gksrh rks lquhrk mUgsa fMIVh eftLVsªV ds lkeus is'k gksdj viuh leL;k lqukus ds fy, dgrh gSA lquhrk dk dguk gS&

^eftLVsªV de ls de mUgsa lqj{kk rks fnyok;sxkA LkÙkk rkd+rojksa dh gSA vke efgyk ds fy, ml ra=k ls yM+uk cgqr eqf'dy gksrk gSA dkuwu vkSj mlds fØ;kUo;u ds chp xgjh [kkbZ gSA efgyk fdlh gSYiykbu ;k laxBu ds ek/;e ls gh vius vf/kdkjksa ekax dj ikrh gSA dbZ efgykvksa dks ftuds ifr dh dksbZ fu;fer dekbZ ugha gS] Bsyk pykrk gS ;k ,slk dqN dke djuk gS] ge ekufld rkSj ij rS;kj dj nsrs gSa fd vkidks Hkj.k&iks"k.k ds rkSj ij ogka ls cgqr dqN ugha feyus okyk gSA dsl djsaxh] yacs le; rd dsl pyrk jgsxk] ogka cgqr dqN feyuk ugha gSA vki vius iSjksa ij [kM+h gksb,] fdlh ij fuHkZj ugha jfg,A efgykvksa dks yhxy dkmalfyax dh vko';drk gksrh gS rks og Hkh mUgsa nh tkrh gSA gekjk eq[; dke gS tc O;oLFkk viuk dke lgh <ax ls ugha djrh gS bu efgykvksa ds fy, jkLrs fudkyukA*

os ihfM+r efgyk,a tks LofuHkZj ugha gSa] vkSj mudk dksbZ liksVZ flLVe Hkh ugha gS] lcls igys dksf'k'k dh tkrh gS fd muds fy, lg;ksx dh O;oLFkk dh tk,A ek;ds ls ckr dh tkrh gS] ogka ls lg;ksx ugha feyrk rks tkxksjh vius usVodZ dk bLrseky djds mUgsa vkfFkZd :i ls LofuHkZj cukus dh dksf'k'k djrh gSA

^gekjk y{; mUgsa fdlh rjg ls LofuHkZj cukuk gskrk gSA ,d ckj os [kM+h gks xbZa rks mUgsa fdlh vkSj dh enn dh vko';drk ugha gksrh gSA ge mUgsa la?k"kZ ds fy, rS;kj djrs gSaA ge dg nsrs gSa fd yM+kbZ rqEgkjh gS] yM+uk Hkh rqEgsa gh gksxkA ge cl rqEgkjs ihNs rqEgkjs la?k"kZ ds lkFk

48

?kjsyw fgalk ls lacf/kr ekeyksa dks vkSj csgrj rjhds ls fØ;kfUor djus dh fn'kk esa dke fd;k tk ldrk gSA lfoZl izksokbMj laLFkk ds ikl fo'ks"k 'kfDr Hkh gksrh vkSj iqfyl Hkh mls viuk iwjk lg;ksx nsrh gSA*

^efgyk,a ?kjsyw fgalk dk f'kdkj gksdj tkxksjh vkrh gSa] vkSj tc gekjs }kjk dkmalfyax ;k ckrphr ls lekèkku ds iz;kl foQy gks vkrs gS rks ge mUgsa dkmalfyax ds fy, lfoZl izksokbMj laLFkkvksa ds ikl Hkst nsrs gSaA dkmalfyax esa vxj nks ckj esa nwljk i{k ugha vkrk rc efgyk dks vU; dkuwuh dkjZokbZ fodYiksa dh lykg nh tkrh gSA ge yxkrkj muds lkFk jgrs gSa] ysfdu tc f'kdk;r vf/kÑr rkSj ij ntZ gksrh gS rc gesa efgykvksa dks cksyuk iM+rk gS fd ge lfoZl izksokbMj ugha gSaA blds vkxs ge vkidh enn ugha dj ldrsA rc gesa Hkh viuh lhek dk vglkl gksrk gSA*

tkxksjh esa vkus okys ekeyksa dh la[;k esa fujarj o`f)gks jgh gSA ekeyksa dks ns[krs gq, lquhrk dks tkxksjh esa ekuo efgyk lalk/ku dh deh Hkh eglwl gksrh gSA

^ihfM+r efgykvksa dks vxj ge le; ij lg;ksx ugha dj ik, rks gekjs gksus dk dksbZ eryc ugha gSA mUgsa tc t+:jr gks gesa miyC/k gksuk pkfg,A t+:jh gS fd ge mUgsa viuk lkS izfr'kr lg;ksx nsaA bl otg ls dke dk dkQ+h ncko cu tkrk gSA*

ßtkxksjh vkidh reke lhekvksa vksj lalk/kuksa ds lkFk vkt Hkh efgykvksa ds fy, ,d ,slh txg gS] tgka os vkidh ckr [kqydj] fuMj gksdj dg ikrh gSa] nwljksa dks le>k ikrh gSa] yM+ ikrh gSa] vius QSlyksa dh ft+n dj ikrh gSa vkSj bl Hkjksls ls tqM+h jgrh gSa fd ;gka dksbZ mUgsa xyr ugha le>sxk] >wB ugha le>sxkA nnZ ls gennZ cuus vkSj cukus dh ;g izfØ;k ,sls gh pyrh jgsxh& ;gh gekjk iz;kl gSAÞ

[kM+s gSaA ;gh dkj.k gS tkxksjh dk laca/k bu efgykvksa ds lkFk nh?kZdkfyd gksrk gSA*

ljdkj dh uhfr;ksa esa ?kjsyw fgalk dk eqn~nk dgha gS gh ughaA dkuwu gS] ij ?kjsyw fgalk dks vijk/k dh Js.kh esa vHkh rd j[kk ugha tk jgk gSA tc rd mls vijk/k ugha ekuk tk,xk bl dkuwu ds fØ;kUo;u esa xaHkhjrk Hkh ugha fn[kkbZ tk,xhA vU; vijk/kksa dh HkhM+ esa ?kjsyw fgalk tSls vijk/k iqfyl ds fy, bruh NksVh ckr gksrh fd os viuk oDr ml ij tk;k ugha djuk pkgrsA T+;knkrj iqfyldehZ ?kjsyw fgalk dks ikfjokfjd yM+kbZ ds vykok dqN ugha le>rsA ftu iqfyl dfeZ;ksa dks ?kjsy fgalk dkuwu ds lanHkZ esa tkudkjh nh Hkh xbZ gS rks mudh la[;k cgqr de gSA /kjsyw fgalk dkuwu gj ftys esa ,d lqj{kk vf/kdkjh ¼ih-vks-½ gksus dh ekax djrk gSA

fnYyh esa ,d ftys esa ,d izksVsD'ku vkfQ+lj ÅaV ds eqag esa thjs ds leku gSA cgqr ls lfoZl izksokbMj gSa budk dk Hkh eq[; y{; efgyk dh lqj{kk ugha ifjokj cpkuk gksrk gSA fdlh Hkh rjhds ls os ifjokj dks gh cpkus dk iz;kl djrs gSaA muds lkFk ut+fj, dks ysdj gekjk Vdjko gksrk gSA nwljh vksj odhy gSa rks os Hkh dkuwuh j.kuhfr;ksa ds uke ij dbZ ckj euekuh djrs gSa] tSls fd rykd dk ekeyk gS Mky nsaxs lkFk esa ?kjsyw fgalk dk ekeyk HkhA ?kjsyw fgalk dk ekeyk ns[krs gh dksVZ dk ut+fj;k cny tkrkA os rqjar ifjokj cpkvks okyh fn'kk esa ns[kus yxrs gSA*

lquhrk dks yxrk gS fd vxj tkxksjh ?kjsyw fgalk dkuwu ds varxZr lfoZl izksokbMj dh Hkwfedk Hkh ys ysrh gS rks

49

pSrkyhleUo;d] ok;ysal baVjosasa'ku Vhe

pSrkyh tkxksjh esa o"kZ 2006 ls gSA igys og tkxksjh ds ,D'ku fjlpZ izkstsDV dk dke ns[k jgh FkhA ckn esa o"kZ 2012 ls] efgykvksa ij gksus okyh fgalk ds f[kykQ+ py jgs izkstsDV ok;ysal baVjosa'ku Vhe esa og 'kkfey gks xbZaA 'kq: esa vkus okys dslksa dh Qkbyksa dks viMsV j[kuk] Qksu ij ekeyksa dks lquuk vkSj vko';d funsZ'k nsuk dkmalfyax ds nkSjku iwjh izfØ;k dks /;ku ls ns[kuk le>uk ;g pSrkyh ds dke dk fgLlk FkkA

^2012 ls igys dsl dk;Z dk vuqHko ugha FkkA mu fnuksa bl uhykatq bl Vhe dk usr`Ro dj jgh FkhaA uhyktqa o lquhrk Bkdqj ds lkFk eSaus dkmalfyax o dsl dk;Z dh ckjhfd;ksa dks lh[kkA 'kq: esa muds dke dks /;ku ls ns[krh vkSj iwjh izfdz;k dks le>us dh dksf'k'k djrh FkhA*

pSrkyh tYn gh vius dk;Z esa iwjh rjg ls n{k gks xbZa vkSj dsl dk;Z Hkh ns[kus yxhaA Vhe ds ikl efgykvksa ls tqM+s fgalk ds ekeys igys Hkh vkrs Fks] ysfdu 2012 fnlacj dh ?kVuk ds ckn vpkud ekeyksa dh la[;k esa rsth vk xbZA dkj.k tkx#drk Hkh gks ldrh gS vkSj ekgkSy Hkh ftlus efgykvksa dks fgEer nh fd os vius lkFk gks jgh

fgalk dh ?kVuk dks [kqy dj lkeus yk ldsaA mu fnuksa Hkh ?kjsyw fgalk ds ekeys T+;knk vk jgs Fks] ysfdu lkFk gh cykRdkj o ;kSu mRihM+u ds nwljs ekeys Hkh vk jgs FksA rc vkSj vc ds ?kjsyw fagalk ds ekeyksa esa dqN varj [kkl ut+j vkrs gSaA efgyk,a ?kjsyw fgalk dh f'kdk;rsa rks ysdj vkrh Fkha] ysfdu mudk edln ckrphr ls mls lqy>kuk gksrk FkkA os ekeyksa dks dksVZ rd ys tkus ds fy, rS;kj ugha jgrh FkhaA igys dh rqyuk esa vc efgyk,a ekeyk u lqy>us ij dksVZ Hkh tkus dks rS;kj gks tkrh gaSA gkykafd vc Hkh tkxksjh ds fjdkWMZ esa ?kjsyw fgalk ds ntZ ekeyksa esa T+;knkrj ekeys ,sls gSa tks chp esa gh [kRe gks x,A

^dbZ ,sls ekeysa gSa ftuesa efgyk igyh ckj vkbZ] viuh leL;k lqukbZ] dkmalfyax gqbZ] fQj ugha vkbZaA muls pkg dj Hkh laidZ ugha gks ik;kA mUgksaus viuk Qksu uacj vkSj irk ugha fn;kA fn;k Hkh rks ;k rks xyr Fkk ;k cny x;kA os efgyk,a bu ekeyksa esa ftl rjg vius vki ls] ifjokj lekt ls la/k"kZ djuk iM+rk gS] ml tn~nkstsgn dks >sy ugha ikbZA tc vfr gks x;k rks fgEer djds ,d ckj rks vkbZ fQj nwljh ckj vkus dh fgEer ugha

50

tqVk ikbZaA dbZ ckj efgyk,a vkrh gSa] rc mÙksftr gksrh gSa os viuh leL;k lqukrh gSa] ?kj ykSV dj fnekx 'kkar gks tkrk gS mUgsa yxrk gS fd vHkh NksM+ nsrs gSa] ckn esa lkspsaxs vkxs D;k djuk gSA*

?kjsyw fgalk ds T;knkrj ekeyksa esa efgykvksa dk iz;kl jgrk gS fd ekeyk ckrphr ls gh lqy> tk,] os dksVZ tkus dh bPNqd ugha gksrh gSA tc ckrphr ls lekèkku dk dksbZ jkLrk ugha fudyrk rc gh dksVZ ds ckjs esa lksprh gSaA /;ku nsus dh ckr gS fd dksVZ rd tkus tSlk lkgfld dne mBkus ds QSlys dks dbZ lkekftd] vkfFkZd dkjd izHkkfor djrs gSaA

eaS iwjs leqnk; ds O;ogkj dk v/;;u djrh gwaA leqnk; esa Hkh gekjk gLr{ksi jgrk gSA [kknj esa ?kjsyw fgalk dk ekeyk gksrk gS rks efgyk igys dksf'k'k djrh gS fd ekeyk ckrphr ls lqy> tk, tc ckrphr ls ugha lqy>rk rks dksVZ rd tkus dks rS;kj gks tkrh gSaA ogha cokuk esa efgyk,a fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esa dksVZ tkus dks rS;kj ugha gksrhA ogka dh vkfFkZd] lkaLd`frd <kapk mUgsa vf/kdre blh Lrj rd tkus dh ekufld NwV nsrk fd os dsoy viuh leL;k gels lk>k dj ysa] ckdh mlls T;knk ugha gks ikrkA oSls gh cnjiqj dk {ks=k gS 'kgjh o xzkeh.k ;k dgsa dLckbZ laLd`fr gSA efgyk,a viuh leL;k lk>k djrh gSa] ysfdu fdlh rjg dkjZokbZ ls cprh gSaA ns[k ysrs gSa] #d tkrs gSa] D;k irk Bhd gks tk,A

?kjsyw fgalk ds vykok I;kj ds laca/kksa esa /kks[kk] ;k lgthou esa lkFk jgus dks rS;kj ugha] ,sls Hkh dbZ ekeys tkxksjh esa vkrs gSa] ftUgsa /kks[kk ;k vU; dh Js.kh esa j[kk tkrk gSA efgyk,a f'kdk;r ysdj vkrh gS fd lgthou esa brus le; ls jg jgs gSa] 'kknh dk ok;nk djds 'kkjhfjd laca/k cuk;k] vc 'kknh dks rS;kj ughaA

cgqr lkjh efgyk,a Fkkuk iqfyl Hkh pyh tkrh gSaA loky

;g gS fd lgthou esa vki tk jgs gks] ,d le; ds ckn yM+dk ;k yM+dh dks yxrk gS fd iwjh mez lkFk ugha jg ldrs rks ;g cykRdkj dSls gks x;k\ yM+dk 'kknh ds fy, rS;kj gks x;k rks dksVZ ds ckgj gh QSlyk gks x;kA dbZ ,sls ekeyksa esa dksVZ esa ekeyk py jgk gSA*

?kjsyw fgalk ds ekeyksa esa gLr{ksi ds jkLrs esa vkus okyh pqukSrh pSrkyh dks Bgj dj lkspus ds fy, etcwj djrh gS fd brus la?k"kZ ds ckn Hkh efgykvksa dks varr% gkfly D;k gqvk\ muds lkeus Hkfo"; ds fy, dksbZ jkLrk ugha gksrk dgka tk,axh] D;k djsaxh] dSls viuk isV HkjsaxhA

^muds i{k esa dksbZ vkWMZj rd gks tkrk rks Hkh muds gkFk dqN ugha vkrkA vka[kksa esa vka[ks Mkydj iwNrha ^nhnh vc vkxs D;k! *rc cM+k nq[k gksrk gSA bUgsa D;k gkfly gqvkA*

ysfdu gkfly gqvk gS] mUgksaus vius fy, la?k"kZ fd;kA iqfyl] dksVZ] dpgjh lc txg ds pDdj yxk,A viuh ckr j[khA blls muesa vkRefo'okl vk;kA gkj&thr rks vyx ckr gS] ysfdu vkRefo'okl muds vkxs ds thou ds fy, jkLrk cukrk gSA dbZ ,sls ekeys Hkh vk, ftuesa dkmalfyax gqbZ] ekeyk lqy> x;kA ifr us dgk og vc iRuh ij gkFk ugha mBk,xkA ifr&iRuh pys x,A vpkud nks&rhu lky ckn fQj efgyk dk Qksu vkrk gS fd ifr us ogh gjdrsa fQj ls 'kq: dj nh gSaA ckrphr ls cgqr de efgykvksa ds thou esa ?kjsyw fgalk dh leL;k nwj gqbZ gSA

^Mj ls ;k ncko ls dqN le; rks fLFkfr Bhd jgrh gS] ysfdu fQj ls mlh rjg dk O;ogkj nksgjkus dk eryc gS ifr dh lksp esa fdlh rjg dk cnyko ugha vk;k gSA gekjh rjQ ls Q+kWyksvi gks jgk gS] Bhd gS ysfdu ?kj dh pkjnhokjh dsa vanj rks mls gh la/k"kZ djuk gksxkA efgyk dks mlds lkFk gh jguk gS rks rkmez la?k"kZ djrs jguk iM+sxkA ge efgykvksa dks ml la?k"kZ ds fy, Hkh rS;kj djrs gSaA mUgsa viuh yM+kbZ [kqn gh yM+uh gksxhA os VwV tkrh gSa rks ge Hkh VwV tkrs gSaA*

51

fj'rs ls ckgj fudyus vkSj vius vf/kdkjksa ds fy, dksVZ&dpgjh tkus ds fy, efgykvksa dks vkfFkZd lg;ksx dh vko';drk gksrh gSA dbZ efgyk,a bl fLFkfr esa ugha gksrha fd os vkfFkZd :i ls Lokoyach gks ldsa ;k ek;ds dk dksbZ lg;ksx fey ldsA fj'rs ls ckgj fudysaxs rks dSls D;k djsaxs] thou dSls pyk,axs] cPps gSa rks cPpksa dk ikyu&iks"k.k dSls gksxk( ;s dqN ,sls t+:jh loky gksrs gSa tks efgyk dks dksbZ cM+k dne mBkus ls jksdrs gSaA ,slh efgykvksa dks tkxksjh viuk usVodZ bLrseky djds dksbZ gquj fl[kokus dk dke Hkh t+:jr iM+us ij djrh gSA ?kjsyw fgalk ds ekeys ysdj vkus okyh efgykvksa esa fuEu oxZ] fuEu e/;e oxZ vkSj mPp e/;e oxZ dh efgyk,a Hkh gksrh gSaA mPp e/;e oxZ dh efgykvksa dh la[;k rqyukRed :i ls de gSA fuEu oxZ dh efgyk,a dksVZ&dpgjh tkus tSls dne mBkus esa T+;knk fgEer fn[kkrh gSaA

^muds ikl [kqn dks [kM+k gksus dk u rks dksbZ fodYi gksrk gS u dksbZ vkfFkZd lacyA vkfFkZd :i ls [kM+k gksus ds fy, mUgsa dksbZ jkLrk fn[kkvks rks os ml fodYi ij fopkj djrh gSa vkSj mls viukus ds fy, rS;kj gks tkrh gsSA tcfd mPp e/;eoxZ dh efgyk,a dksbZ Hkh QSlyk ysus esa fgpfdpkrh gSA os ,d LFkku ij fLFkj gks tkrh gSa u vkxs tkus dks rS;kj gksrh gS u ihNs gVus dksA oks dqN lh[kus dks rS;kj ugha gksrh] mUgsa yxrk gS fd mUgsa lc irk gSA mUgsa T+;knk Mj yxrk gS fd vyx gksaxs rks lHkh phtsa+ ftudk os miHkksx dj jgh gSa] NwV tk,axhA mUgsa [kksus dk Mj gksrk gSA*

f'kdk;r vkus ij tkxksjh] ihfM+r efgyk ds ifr] HkkbZ] llqj ftuds f[kykQ+ f'kdk;r gksrh gS] ckrphr ds fy, i=k Hkstdj cqykrh gSA e/;e oxZ dh efgyk,a bl rjg dh fdlh izfdz;k ls cprh gSaA dbZ ckj i=k Hkst dj cqykus ds fy, [kqn gh euk dj nsrh gSaA dbZ ckj cqykus ij ifjokj ds yksx vkrs Hkh ugha] u gh i=k dk tokc nsrsA T+;knkrj ekeyksa esa bl oxZ dh efgyk,a igys ls gh fu.kZ; ysdj vkrh gSa fd mUgsa ekeys dks dgka rd ys dj

tkuk gSA dbZ ckj ,slk Hkh gksrk gS fd ifr&iRuh nksuksa vkdj viuk i{k j[krs gSa] mUgsa fdlh rhljs O;fDr dh t+:jr gksrh gS tks muds i{k dks lqu dj lgh QSlyk djs fd dkSu] dgka xyr gSA

efgyk fgalk ds izfr ljdkjh ,tsafl;ksa dk joS;k Hkh pSrkyh dks ijs'kku djrk gSA iqfyl] dkuwu gksus ds ckn Hkh ?kjsyw fgalk dks cgqr gYds ls ysrh gSA ihfM+r efgykvksa dks T+;knkrj ekeys esa ;g dg dj cgyk&Qqlyk dj Hkst fn;k tkrk fd ekjuk&ihVuk ?kjsyw ekeyk gS] bruh cM+h ckr ugha gS ftlds fy, iqfyl dpgjh dh t+:jr gksA ekjrk gS rks I;kj Hkh rks djrk gS] ;k ?kj dk cks> Hkh rks mBk jgk gS tSls tqeys dg dj efgyk dks grksRlkfgr fd;k tkrk gSA dksVZ esa Hkh ekeys ;wa gh yacs pyrs jgrs] QSlys esa bruk oDr yxrk gS fd efgyk fgEer gkj tkrh gSA

^ftlds ikl [kkus ds ykys iM+ jgs gksa mls pkj eghusa Ng eghus ckn dh rkjh[k+ nksxs rks oks dSls la/k"kZ dj ik,xhA bruh laosnu'khyrk rks gksuh gh pkfg, uk!*

bUgha eqf'dyksa dks ns[krs gq, tkxksjh us ykW;j iwy ¼odhyksa dk lewg½ cukus dh igy Hkh dh FkhA dbZ ykW;j bl iwy ls tqM+ha Hkh] ysfdu ;g iz;kl T+;knk fnu rd ugha py ik;kA odhyksa dks yxus yxk fd blesa mUgsa D;k Qk;nk gS] ,d&,d djds os bl iwy ls fudyus yxsA

tkxksjh ds izksVksdkWy ds lHkh fcUnqvksa dks pSrkyh mfpr ekurh gS] pkgs og ianzg fnu esa Q+kWyksvi Hkstus dh ckr gks] cPpksa ds ekeyksa esa izR;{k gLr{ksi u djus dh ckr gks ;k tkxksjh dk;ZdrkZ ij jkr ds oDr ekeyksa esa gLr{ksi u djus dh cafn'kA pSrkyh dk ekuuk gS ;g t+:jh gSA ^jkr esa Hkh dke djuk dk;ZdrkZ ds vius LokLF; o ikfjokfjd thou ds fy, uqdlkuns; gSA dk;ZdrkZ vxj viuh futh ft+anxh dks iwjh rjg ls bl dke esa >ksad nsxh rks tYnh gh Fkd tk,xhA lkFk gh ihfM+rk dks Hkh fl[kkuk gksxk fd dk;ZdrkZ dh ft+anxh dk Hkh ,d nk;jk

52

gksrk gS] ml nk;js esa gh mls dke djuk gSA dk;ZdrkZ lc dqN ugha dj ldrhA ;g lgh gS fd ihfM+rk dks RkRdky lgk;rk ;k Q+LVZ&,M dh t+:jr gksrh gS] ftldh mEehn mUgsa dk;ZdrkZvksa ls gksrh gSA cokuk esa dkQ+h ekeys vkrs gSaA blhfy, ogka LoSfPNd lewg cukus dh dksf'k'k dh tk jgh gS] rkfd ihfM+rk dks le; ij enn fey ldsA lewg cukus dk dk;Z tuojh ls 'kq: gks x;k gS] laHkor% ,d lky esa iwjk gks tk,xkA*

pSrkyh dks ;g Hkh yxrk gS fd u, izksVksdkWy esa cPpksa ds ekeyksa dks gkFk esa ugha ysus dk tkxksjh dk QSlyk lgh gSA cPpksa ds lkFk cgqr /kS;Z ls dke djuk iM+rk gSA mudh dkmalfyax ds fy, vyx rjg dh fo'ks"kKrk dh t+:jr gksrh gSA tkxksjh cPpksa ls lacf/kr ekeyksa dks lh-McY;w-lh- dks jsQ+j dj nsrs gSaA ihfM+r cPph ;k cPps dks tkxksjh NksM+ ugha nsrh] cfYd lqjf{kr gkFkksa rd igqapk nsrh gSA tks cPps ds ekeys dks T+;knk csgrj rjhds ls ns[k ldrk gSA tkxksjh bu ekeyksa esa Hkh iwjk lg;ksx nsrh gS] ij izR;{k rkSj ij ekeyksa dks ugha ns[krhA blh rjg dsl Q+Wkyksvi fjiksVZ ,d eghus ls ianzg fnu djus ds tkxksjh ds QSlys ls Hkh pSrkyh lger gSA

^Q+hYM esa rks jkst tkrs gh gSaA ihfM+r efgyk feyrh Hkh gSA cl ml QWkyksvi dks ianzg fnu esa dyec)djus dh ckr gSA tc efgyk ekeyk ysdj vkrh gS rks mlds lkFk fu;fer laidZ cuk, j[kuk Hkh t+:jh gksrk gS] ,slk djus ij gekjk vkSj ihfM+r efgyk dk laca/k izxk<+ gksrk gSA vxj efgyk dks gekjs T+;knk feyus&tqyus ls fnD+d+r gksrh gS rks og dg nsrh gS fd ge cqyk,axs rc gh vkuk] rks fQj ge ugha feyrsA viuh QW+kyksvi fjiksVZ esa fy[k nsrs gSa fd efgyk us vHkh feyus&tqyus ls euk fd;k gSA*

tkxksjh esa dkexkj efgykvksa ls lacaf/kr ?kjsyw fgalk ds dbZ ekeys Lo;a fu;ksDrk Hkh ysdj vkrs gSaA dkexkj efgyk,a fu;ksDrk }kjk osru dbZ eghus rd ugha nsus] ;k vU; dksbZ muds vlqfo/kktud O;ogkj ds laca/k esa

f'kdk;rsa Hkh ysdj vkrh gSaA dbZ ckj f'kdk;rsa ckrphr ls fuiV tkrh gSa] dbZ ckj ckrphr dk mYVk vlj Hkh gksrk gSA

^geus ckrphr djus dh dksf'k'k dh rks fu;ksDrk us ckrphr rks ugha gh dh( cfYd ml efgyk dks /kedh ns nh fd dkyksuh esa dke ds fy, ?kqlus Hkh ugha nsaxsA efgyk us fQj gesa dgk fd vki dqN viuh rjQ ls u djsa eSa ekeys dks [kqn Bhd dj ywaxhA dkexkj efgykvksa ds fy, dksbZ fuf'pr dkuwu ugha gksus dh otg ls ge cgqr T+;knk dqN lg;ksx ugha dj ikrsA ;wfu;u tSlh dksbZ laLFkk fnYyh esa bu efgykvksa ds fy, gS Hkh ughaA dkexkj efgykvksa ds losZ esa eSaus v/;;u fd;k fd ;s lkaLd`frd rkSj ij ,d nwljs ls cgqr vyx gSa] vyx&vyx jkT;ksa dh gSaA budh ,dtqVrk vklku ugha gSaA fQj mUgasa cl ukSdjh] ?kj&ifjokj dh gh fpark gSA blls gVdj os vkSj dqN ugha djuk pkgrhaA ;wfu;u cuuk ;gka cgqr eqf'dy fn[krk gSA*

tkxksjh ds y{; lewg esa efgyk gSA efgyk lekt] jkT;] ifjokj o Jfed ds rkSj ij tks fgalk >syrh gSa og tkxksjh ds ljksdkj dk eqn~nk gSA tkxksjh us dbZ ckj dksf'k'k dh fd efgyk dkexkjksa dk ,d NksVk lewg cu tk, tks cM+s lewg ds lkFk tqM+ lds] ij fdUgha otgksa ls ,slk lewg ugha cu ik;kA [kknj esa ,d NksVk lewg cuk ijarq og cM+s lewg ls tqM+ ugha ik;kA

^efgyk dkexkjksa ds fy, LokLF; chek dh dksf'k'k dh xbZ] Q+keZ Hkh Hkjs x,A cgqr HkkxnkSM+ gqbZA vkj-McY;w-,- esa ehfVax cqykbZ xbZA fu;ksDrkvksa us bu dkexkjksa dks dgk fd dqN ugha gksus okyk vkSj var esa lpeqp esa dqN Hkh ugha gks ik;kA vkt Hkh dkexkj efgyk,a gels iwNrh gSa fd oks QkeZ Hkjok, x, Fks mudk D;k gqvkA*

tkxksjh ,dy efgykvksa ds fy, Hkh dk;Z djrh gSA ,d n'kd igys Hkh ,dy efgykvksa ij mldk dk;Z pyk Fkk tks chp esa can gks x;k FkkA baVjus'kuy flaxy foesu ,lksfl,'ku dh ehfVax ds ckn tkxksjh dks fQj eglwl

53

gqvk fd ,dy efgykvksa ij vius dke dks mls tkjh j[kuk pkfg,A ,dy efgykvksa ds lewg cuk, tk jgs gSa] ftUgsa us'kuy flaxy foesu ,lksfl,'ku ds lkFk tksM+s tkus dh ;kstuk gSA

^flaxy foesu ds ikl mudh viuh ,d igpku gksuk fd os fdlh ,sls ,lksfl,'ku dk fgLlk gS] dkQ+h egRoiw.kZ gks tkrk gSA efgykvksa ds izfr fgalk dh ckr gks ;k

,dy efgykvksa dh leL;kvksa dh ckr] tkxksjh efgykvksa

dh ,stsUlh cukus esa fo'okl j[krh gSaA tkxksjh efgykvksa

dks viuh leL;kvksa ls la?k"kZ djus ds fy, rS;kj djrh

gSA vdsys la?k"kZ djuk gks ;k lewg esa] viuh yM+kbZ

efgykvksa dks [kqn gh yM+uh iM+sxhA tkxksjh cl mUgsa

fgEEkr] vkRefo'okl] tkudkjh tSls gfFk;kjksa ls ySl dj

jgh gSA*

54

la{ksi esa%

^lQ+jukek* bu Ng efgykvksa ds thou ds ,sls egRoiw.kZ iM+ko dk nLrkost gS tks muds iwjs thou dks ifjHkkf"kr dj jgk gSA bu Hkksxh gqbZ dgkfu;ksa esa fir`lÙkkRed lekt dk iwjk rkuk&ckuk viuh fofHkUu ijrksa ds lkFk ekStwn gS] ftldk fgLlk ;s efgyk,a Hkh gSaA viuh lhfer nk;js esa ;s efgyk,a tgka ,d rjQ+ bl lÙkk ls ihfM+r Hkh gSa ogha nwljh rjQ+ os vopsru :Ik ls bl lÙkk dk ,d eksgjk cu dj bl ra=k dks etcwr djrh gh utj vkrh gSA lQ+jukek o dsl dk;ZdrkZvksa ds thou dh viuh ?kVuk,a bl rF; dks vkSj iq[rk djrh gSa fd fir`lÙkk ,d ekufldrk gS] vkSj vko';d ugha gS fd mldks ogu djus okyk iq#"k gh gksxkA fir`lÙkk lkekftd rkus&ckus esa bl rjg cquh gqbZ gS fd dbZ ckj iq#"k dh vis{kk L=kh T+;knk etcwrh ls mldh Mksj dks Fkkes gqbZ utj vkrh gSA laxhrk ds lQ+jukes esa mldh cgu ds O;ogkj esa] efgykvksa ds vanj iSB cuk fir`lÙkk dh tM+ksa dks igpkuk tk ldrk gSA laxhrk ds izfr mldk O;ogkj] laxhrk dks izfr}a}h ds :Ik esa ns[kuk] ;gka rd fd vius ifr dh djrwrksa ij inkZ Mkyus ds fy, laxhrk dks gh jkLrs ls gVkus dh dksf'k'k djuk] blh ekufldrk dks bafxr djrs gSa] bl rF; ij xaHkhjrk ls fopkj djus ds fy, gky&fQygky dh dbZ ?kVukvksa dks Hkh ns[kk tk ldrk gS fd fdl izdkj fir`lÙkkRed lekt vius f[kykQ+ mBh vkokt+ksa ls la?k"kZ djus ds fy, efgykvksa dks gh <+ky ds :Ik esa vkxs [kM+k dj nsrk gSA yM+dh ds lkFk NsM+NkM+ dh ?kVuk gqbZ yM+dh us vkokt+ mBkbZ] dkuwuh dkjokbZ dh ckr gqbZ rks blds fojks/k esa yM+ds dh j{kk esa xkao dh ;k ifjokj dh efgyk,a vkxs vk xbZa] vkSj yM+dh dks gh xyr lkfcr dj fn;kA fir`lÙkk vius fofHkUu iSrjksa ls] viuh j{kk ds fy, efgykvksa dks eksgjs dh rjg bLrseky djrh gSA vPNh CksVh] iRuh] eka] cgu dk rexk ns dj mUgsa lEekfur djrh gS] rkfd os muds paxqy esa Qalh jgsaA

xhrk ds vuqHko dks ns[ksa rks efgyk iz/kku dk [kki tSlk joS;k mnkgj.k gS bl rF; dk fd efgyk ds ikl Hkh tc rkdr ;k lÙkk vkrh gS rks og Hkh fir`lÙkk dh gh cksyh cksyus yxrh gSA fir`lÙkk us efgykvksa dk nk;jk cgqr NksVk dj fn;k gS] ysfdu vius ml lhfer nk;js esa Hkh og vius thou dks csgrj cukus ;k vius izfr}a}h dks iNkM+us ds fy, j.kuhfr Hkh viukrh gS vkSj Ny iziap Hkh djrh gSA og thou dks vius rjhds ls thus ds fy, ft+n Hkh djrh gS vkSj ml ft+n ij etcwrh ls [kM+h Hkh jgrh gSA ghjkorh ds ekeys esa ns[ksa rks irk pyrk gS fd O;oLFkk fdl rjg ls ljdkj fir`lÙkk dh i{kèkj gS] >qXxh ds ,ot esa ts-t-s dkWyksuh esa tks ?kj nsrh gS] ml ij ekfydkuk gd+ ifr ;kfu iq#"k dks feyrk gSA ?kj ghjkorh dks ?kj dk ekfydkuk gd+ ugha feyk vkSj ifr ?kj cspdj xkao tkuk pkgrk gSA ghjkorh dk nk;jk blesa bruk gh gS fd og bl laifr esa dsoy ukfer gSA ghjkorh xkao ugha tkuk pkgrh gS] vkSj og viuh bl ft+n ij vM+h jgrh gSA rdZ ds vk/kkj ij ns[kk tk, rks ftldh laifr gS] ;g mldk vf/kdkj gS fd og ml laifr dk tks Hkh pkgs djs] ysfdu efgyk dk ifr dh laifÙk ij v?kksf"kr vf/kdkj gksrk gS] D;ksafd mlds ;ksxnku dks iSls ds :Ik esa ugha vkadk tk ldrk gS] ysfdu ;ksxnku cjkcj dk gksrk gS( ghjkorh ;g tkurh gSA fir`lÙkk us cs'kd mls iq#"k ds cjkcj dk LFkku ugha fn;k] ysfdu vius flfer nk;js esa og vius fgr ds fy,] viuh fLFkfr dks csgrj djus ds fy, ft+n ij vM+h jgrh gS] vkSj viuk vf/kdkj Hkh izkIr djrh gSA

fgalk vius vyx&vyx :iksa esa efgykvksa ds thou dks izHkkfor djrh gSA fgalk ,d ,slk gfFk;kj gS ftls fir`lÙkk vius opZLo dks cuk, j[kus ds fy, bLrseky

55

djrh gSA dbZ ckj blds :i brus lw{e vkSj lkekftd ra=kksa ds chp bl rjg ls xqFks gq, gksrs gSa fd mudh igpku djuk laHko ugha gks ikrkA fgalk djus okyk vkSj lgus okyk ;kfu ihM+d vkSj ihfM+r nksuksa gh bl ckr ls vufHkK gksrs gSa fd os fgalk dj jgs ;k lg jgs gSaA nksuksa gh ̂,slk gh gksrk gS* dh vo/kkj.kk esa my> dj jg tkrs gSaA efgykvksa ds izfr gksus okyh fgalk ds LFkwy :i rks lgt gh igpku esa vk tkrs gSa vkSj mldh jksdFkke ds fy, dkuwu Hkh cu tkrk gS ysfdu tgka rd mu dkuwuksa ds fØ;kUo;u dk loky gS fir`lÙkk dh ;gh vn`'; js[kk,a muds fdz;kUo;u ds jkLrs esa ck/kk,a Mkyrh gSaA efgykvksa ds izfr gksus okyh fgalk dh jksdFkke ds fy, lcls egRoiw.kZ gS fgalk ds bu :iksa dks igpkuuk tc rd fgalk ds bu :iksa dks igpkuk ugha tk,xk mUgsas lacksf/kr dSls fd;k tk ldrk gS\ blds fy, ;g Hkh vko';d gS fd bu :iksa dks og igpkus tks Lo;a bldk f'kdkj gS] D;ksafd ihfM+rk tc rd Lo;a bls ugha igpkusxh rc rd og bldk fojks/k Hkh ugha djsxhA

bl nLrkost esa 'kkfey dsl LVMht+ vufHkKrk vkSj igpku ds chp ds varj dks js[kkafdr djrh gSaA tgka ;s efgyk,a vius vf/kdkjksa ls vutku gSa] vius 'kks"k.k dks viuh fu;fr] L=kh gksus dk vfHk'kki ;k ^,slk gh gksrk gS* eku jgh gSaA vufHkKrk ds bl Lrj ij mudh ekufldrk le>kSrkoknh gks tkrh gS] gj foijhr fLFkfr ls le>kSrk vkSj mlesa ls dksbZ vklku jkLrk [kkstuk ftlls ft+anxh de ls de thus yk;d gks tk,A blh Lrj ij os viuh ft+anxh dk ,d yack lQj r; dj ysrh gSaA nwljk Lrj] tc mUgsa fdlh ek/;e ls muds vf/kdkjksa dh tkudkjh igqaprh gS vkSj ;s tkudkjh mUk ekU;rkvksa dks pqukSrh nsrs gq, fn[krh gSa ftUgas mUgksaua vHkh rd viuh fu;fr le> vkRelkr dj j[kk FkkA ;g fLFkfr vufHkKrk o igpku ds chp dh fLFkfr gksrh gSA ;g }a} dh fLFkfr gSA ihfM+rk efgyk ds eu esa dgha xgjkbZ ls iSBh fir`lÙkkRed lksp vkSj efgyk vfèkdkj] cjkcjh] eqfDr tSls rkfdZd fopkjksa ds chp la?k"kZ gksrk gSA

dsl dk;ZdrkZvksa ds lQ+jukeksa esa ;g la?k"kZ T+;knk Li"V :i esa fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA tc ;g }a} dh fLFkfr lekIr gksrh gS rks bu efgykvksa dk O;fDrRo l'kDr :i esa lkeus vkrk gSA muds la?k"kZ dk nk;jk Hkh c<+rk gSA vc bl nk;js esa vU; efgyk,a Hkh 'kkfey gks tkrh gSa ftuds vf/kdkjksa dk guu gks jgk gS] tks vius vf/kdkjksa ds fy, la?k"kZ dj jgh gSaA ;g pØ lrr~ tkjh jgrk gSA bl pØ ds ek/;e ls efgyk fgalk ds f[kykQ+ gLr{ksi dh 'kfDr c<+rh tkrh gSA

bl nLrkost esa le; ds lkFk fgalk ds :iksa esa vk, cnyko dks Hkh fpfUgr fd;k x;k gSA lekt esa efgyk fgalk ds dbZ :i igys ls ekStwn jgs gSa] ijUrq mudh igpku ugha FkhA elyu ^fyo bu fjys'ku* ;k ^jkbV Vq Pokbl* tSls ekeysA ;s ekeys lekt esa igys Hkh ekStwn FksA efgyk ;k yM+dh ds fy, ^jkbV Vq Pokbl* tSlh vo/kkj.kk dk igys dksbZ otwn gh ugha FkkA ;g eku dj pyk tk jgk Fkk fd yM+dh ds thou ls lacafèkr lHkh QSlyksa dks ysus dk vf/kdkj mls ugha mlds ifjokj dks gS] bl lksp esa dgha dksbZ fojks/k dk Loj ugha mBk Fkk] efgykvksa us [kqn bl Fkksis gq, lR; dks [kqn gh Lohdkj dj fy;k Fkk] ysfdu le; ds lkFk ;g tkx#drk vkbZ fd iq#"kksa dh rjg efgykvksa dks Hkh vius thou ls lacf/kr QSlys ysus dk iwjk vfèkdkj gS] D;ksafd ;g thou mldk viuk gS] vkSj mlls lacaf/kr Qslys Hkh mlds vius gksus pkfg,A blh rjg lgthou tSls laca/k lekt esa igys Hkh ekStwn Fks ysfdu lekt vkSj dkuwu nksuksa us bl rjg ds laca/k dks vc igpku nh gS vkSj mlls tqM+s fgalk ds ekeyksa dks Hkh lacksf/kr djus dk iz;Ru fd;k x;k gSA

ukjhoknh dkmalfyax ds nkSjku ihfM+r efgykvksa dh izfrfdz;k] dkmalfyax }kjk mu ij iM+us okys izHkkoksa ds fu/kkZfjr dkjdksa ij Hkh fopkj djus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA e/;e oxhZ; efgyk o fuEuoxhZ; efgyk nksuksa ij ukjhoknh dkmalfyax ds iM+us okys izHkkoksa esa Hkh

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varj ns[kk x;k gSA fuEu oxZ dh efgyk tgka FkksM+h enn o dkmalfyax ls foijhr ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls la?k"kZ djus dks rS;kj gks tkrh gSa( ogha e/;e oxZ dh efgyk,a vafre lhek rd] yksd lekt vkSj vdsys jgus ds Hk; ls ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls le>kSrk djrh tkrh gSaA ;g varj ihfM+rk ds ifjokj okyksa fo'ks"k rkSj ij iq#"k lnL;ksa dh izfrfØ;k esa Hkh ns[kus dks feyrk gS mu ij Hkh dkmalfyax ds iM+us okyk izHkko ;k izfrfØ;k vkfn /keZ]tkfr] oxZ] LFkku ls izHkkfor fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA

;g vius vki esa xgu v/;;u dk fo"k; gS fd efgyk fgalk o efgyk vf/kdkjkas ds izfr laonsu'khyrk lkekftd]

vkfFkZd] /kkfeZd o jktuSfrd dkjdksa ls fdl gn rd

izHkkfor gksrs gSA ukjh vkanksyu o efgyk vfèkdkjksa

ds la?k"kZ esa ;s fopkj lw=k vge~ Hkwfedk fuHkk ldrs

gSaA fir`lÙkkRed lkekftd <kaps dh otg ls ok;ysal

baVjosa'ku Vhe dks efgyk fgalk ds f[kykQ+ la?k"kZ esa fdl

rjg dh O;ogkfjd fnD+d+rksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gS]

mUk ij Hkh bl nLrkost esa jks'kuh Mkyus dk iz;Ru fd;k

x;k gSA ftldk mn~ns'; gS fd Hkfo"; esa efgyk fgalk ds

fy, cukbZ tkus okys ;kstukvksa ds izk:i esa bu fnD+d+rksa

dks Hkh /;ku esa j[kk tk lds] rkfd os ;kstuk T+;knk Bksl

o O;ogkfjd cu ldsA

tkxksjh uksVcqd 1989] ¼eq> ls rq> rd½ ls fy;k x;k

fyfoax QsfefuT+El

fyfoax QsfefuT+El ubZ fnYyh fLFkr ukjhoknh laxBu tkxksjh ds ikl

vLlh ds n'kd ls lqjf{kr nLrkostksa dks lk>k djus dk ,d iz;kl

gSA blesa gekjh D;wjsVlZ ds vuqHko] fofHkUu izdk'ku] xhrksa ds ladyu]

ipsZ] iksLVj] QksVksxzkQ vkSj dfork,a vkfn fofHkUu izdkj dh lkexzh

'kkfey gSA ;s nLrkost vkSj vuqHko Lok;Ùk Hkkjrh; efgyk vkanksyu

ds vusd la?k"kksZa vkSj vfHk;kuksa dh fofo/krkiw.kZ Ük`a[kyk gSA

ns[ksa % www.livingfeminisms.org