logylogyat 9. quality food, quality life rayat shikshan sanstha,karmaveer vidyaprabodhini,madhya...

Logylogyat

9. QUALITY FOOD, QUALITY LIFE

Rayat Shikshan Sanstha,Karmaveer Vidyaprabodhini,Madhya vibhag,Satara.

Std-9th Sub-Science &Technology

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Quality food Quality life

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9.1 Green and White Revolution9.2 Better Crop Yields9.3 Using Better Variety of Seeds9.4 Taking Better Care of Crop Plants9.5 Irrigation9.6 Cropping Patterns9.7 Protection of Crops Before And After Harvesting9.8 Storage of food materials 9.9 Animal Husbandry



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Activity - Ask your mother which brand of rice and wheat you use in the house . Also

find out which varieties of rice and wheat are available in your locality .

Ans – In our locality the rice varieties like basmati , kolam ,etc. are available. The

varieties of wheat that are available in our locality include red wheat, white wheat.



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Activity - You must have seen home grown plants being taken care of by your family . In a

village a farmer must be taking some measures to see that the crops remain

healthy.i)What do you add to your home plants for

healthy growth?Ans- We add fertilizers and manures for

healthy growth of the plants .



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TAKING BETTER CARE OF THE CROP PLANTS NUTRIENTS

Macronutrients Carbon,hydrogen.oxygen,potassiumcalcium,magnesium,sulphur,nitrogen,phosphorus

Micronutrients Iron, boron, copper etc.



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MANURE-Increase the fertility of the soil.Fertilizers-Used to growth of plants.Chemical

fertilizer contain nitrogen,phosphurous and potassium.Three types of fertilizers

nitrogenous,phosphatic&potassic.

Irrigation-supply water through canal,well,tube well



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In the garden do you supply something else in addition to water to the plants? What is it?Ans- We add manures and fertilizers to the

garden plants for their better growth . Some fertilizers are also added for helping them to

grow better .In addition to fertilizers and manures

pesticides are added to protect the plants from attracts by fungi and insects .



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• Irrigation – The method of supplying water to crops through canals , wells , reservoirs , tube-wells , etc. is known as irrigation

• Name some methods of irrigation adopted in various parts of our country.

• Ans - In India , different methods of irrigation used are drip irrigation , sprinkler irrigation through pipes and canal irrigation



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• Observe the roots of plants like grass & peas/gram/fenugreek & answer the questions?

• What is the salient feature of the roots of the pea plant?

Ans. The roots of pea plant bear nodules which contain nitrogen fixing bacteria in them.



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Cropping patternMixed cropping-two or more types crops grown- crops support

each other.

Intercropping-growing two or more types of plant simultaneously same piece of in land particular pattern.

Crop rotation-crops grown alternately



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Name some methods of irrigation adopted in various parts of our country.

Ans - In India , different methods of irrigation used are drip irrigation , sprinkler irrigation

through pipes and canal irrigation



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Protection of crops before &after harvesting

chemical control-chemical pesticides are used to kill the insects . Use hand

operating machines or power operated spray.



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CROP DISEASE CAUSATIVE ORGANISMS

Bajra Ergot Fungus

rice Leaf spot Fungus

Wheat rust Fungus

Banana Bunchy top Virus

tomato wilt bacteria

Plant disease



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STORAGE OF FOOD MATERIALBiotic & abiotic factor- Rodents , birds , other

animalsInsects , worms, microbes like bacteria& fungi

Action of enzymesABIOTIC FACTORS-Storage temperature,moisture ,

humidity



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• Activity- Does your city or town have an FCI granary?Ans. I live in Mumbai which has an FCI granary.• Which grains are stored there?Ans. Grains like wheat, paddy, jawar & bajra are stored

in granaries.• If there is no granary, how is food stored in your

town?Ans. If there is no granary, then grains are stored in

metal containers.



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GRANRIES• Where large quantity of food

grains are stored ?



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Animal husbandry• Branch of agriculture .

• Proper feed,shelter,method of breeding



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Cattle Farming• In India cattle farming in two purpose• 1}Milk production• 2]Agricultural activities• Indian cow give 5-6 litres milk per day• Hybrid varieties of cow give 12litres

per day



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• What is balanced diet ?

• Why do human beings and animals need a balanced diet ?



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Poultry Farming

• Rearing birds like fowl , chicken& ducks for eggs

• Layer obtain eggs• Broiler rared for meat• white leghorn-200-250eggs per year need

125gm food



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Pisciculture• Farming fish• Fish with good characteristics are cross breed.• Fish farming in growing plants like paddy



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Apiculture or bee keeping• Honeybees useful for honey and wax• Apiaries are rectangular containers useful for

rearing of honeybees



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• Activity - Have you eaten honey at any time? How does it taste? In what ways can honey be consumed as a food item?

Ans. Yes. I have eaten honey on several occasions. Honey is sweet in taste. Honey is used in various food items, as a substitute of sugar, in cakes, puddings, for applying to breads or chapatti, etc. Many Ayurvedic medicines are also mixed with honey & consumed.



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• Honey drugs in ayurveda,• Bees wax is manufacture candle.• Khadi and village commision (KVIC)gives

technology to rearing of apiaries



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• Apis cerena , apis dorsata , apis florae are three varieties of honeybees



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logylogyat 9. quality food, quality life rayat shikshan sanstha,karmaveer vidyaprabodhini,madhya...

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karmaveer vidyaprabodhini

madhya vibhag

growth of plants

better growth

garden plants

home plants

nutrients logylogyat

grown plants