low carbon growth

8/8/2019 Low Carbon Growth

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Indian Industry Perspective

Group - 10

Vaibhav Gupta (27)Akshay Johur (33)

Krishnan P.S. (43)

Akshaya R. (50)

Sagar Yerunkar (61)

Amogh Yadav (63)


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y Climate Change

y Indian Fertilizer Industry ACase Study

y Overall Impact on India

y Support to Industries For Low Carbon Growthy Key Take-Aways


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y Rise in temperature

y Associated problems

y Melting of polar ice caps

y

Depletion of the Ozone layer


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Developed Nations

Developing nationspollute a lot

Dont repeat our mistakes

Developing Nations

Developed nations po

llute alot

Per capita GHG emissions(CO2 tonnes/person/year):

The US: 19.1 The UK: 8.6

India: 1.18 China: 4.47

We need money


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Kyoto Protocol coming to an end in 2012

Who pollutes developed or developing?

When the developed were developing, theycontributed immensely to climate change


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ACase Study


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y Power

y Fertilizer

y Steel

y Aluminum

y Cement

y Paper and Pulp


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Global Scenario in that Industry

EnergyConsumption

Greenhouse Emission

Technology Options

Future Emission ScenarioLow Growth Scenario

Emission Scenario


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India 4

th l

argest producer of fertil

izerIndustry comprises of 56 large & 72 medium , small scale units

In 08-09 India s Fertilizer production was 37.7MMT

Urea 19.9MMT

Nitrogen 12.1 MMT Phosphate 5.7 MMT

But imports on a rise and 25% demand was met through them

The per hectare nutrient consumption

Japan 320.6 kg/hectare , China 304.7 kg/hectare

US 168.5 kg/hectare , India- 133.2kg/hectare

Global nitrogenous fertilizer production was 101.2 MMT in 07

China 35.3 MMT, India- 10.9 MMT

Russia- 4.8 MMT, US 8.5 MMT


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Ureaproduction

Ureaproduction

Specific energy

consumption offuel oil/LSHS

31.3GJ/MT

Specific energy

consumption offuel oil/LSHS

31.3GJ/MT

Specific energyconsumption ofnatural gas

20.9 GJ/MT

Specific energyconsumption ofnatural gas

20.9 GJ/MTSpecific energy

consumption ofNaphtha

24.3 GJ/MT

Specific energy

consumption ofNaphtha

24.3 GJ/MT


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Global scenario

Average net CO2 emissions was .61 MT CO2/MT urea

Global specific emissions are 1.68 MT CO2/MT urea

NET emissions .95 MT CO2/MT urea

Indian scenario

Specific emissions are 1.35 MT CO2/MT urea

Indian industry emissions were .70 MTCO2/MT urea

Indias CO2 emissions are 25% lower to global average

Major saving possible if shift completely to natural gas

Reduction in use of Naphtha and fuel oil gradually


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Business as usual Technology profile

Naphtha and Fuel oil reduced from 11% to6% by 2030-31

Use of natural gas increased from 78% to88%

10 billion cubic meters(BCM) natural gasconsumed in 08-09

Which is 30% of 33 BCM of gas produced

By 30-31 consumption increases to 19BCM

Which is 40% of 46 BCM of gas produced

Emissions scenario

Average specific emissions reduce from .70to .56 MT CO2/MT urea

Total emissions increase from 14 to 20.6MMTPA

Hence total emissions increase by 50%,specific emissions reduce by 20%

Low carbon scenario Technology profile

Production from naphtha and fueloil to be phased out

By 2015 production through onlynatural gas

21 BCM of gas required by 30-31 toproduce urea

10.5% more than 19 BCM requiredin BAU

Emissions scenario

Specific emissions reduce from .70to .43 MT CO2/MT urea

Total emissions increase from 14 to15.6 MMTPA

Hence total emission will increase by10% , specific emission reduction by40%


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Reducing emission intensity of GDP inIndia is essentially a post 2020 challenge

India will exhaust all Low Hanging options, dueto increasing price of energy in the country

Emission Intensity at par with global bestpractices

By 2020

New Technologies will be required to reduceemission intensities significantly.Post 2020


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BAU : Coal Import of 500 Million MT to meet requirements of 6 sectors.


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y LC 10% lower than BAU

y Largely because ofreduction in powergeneration from coal basedpower plants

y Other sectors : reduction ismarginal


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Plants Land Reqd.

Mining Land Reqd.


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Investments in GHG emission reduction projects and the creation (origination)of financial instruments that are tradable on the carbon market

CARBONCREDITS

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions that are created when a project reduces or avoids the

emissions of GHGs

Clean Development Mechanism(CDM)

Allows Western companies to fund eco-friendly projects in emerging economies to offset theiremissions

CARBON TRADING

Carbon trading, through the CDM is one of the ways that developed countries can meet theirobligations of reducing GHG emissions under the Kyoto protocol by investing in GHG emissionreduction projects in developing countries.


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WORLDBANKCARBON FINANCE UNIT

The CFU uses money contributed by governments of OECD(Org for Eco cooperation anddevelopment) countries to purchase project-based greenhouse gas emission reductions in developingcountries

REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation)

Investing to ensure no deforestation and protect forests

WORLDBANK& IDFC

World Bank has entered into an agreement with Infrastructure Development Finance Company(IDFC). $10-million aid in World Bank-managed carbon finance to IDFC-financed projects

ADB-Asian Development Bank funds many projects

DELHI METRORAILCORPORATION (DMRC)

It has become the first rail project in the world to earn carbon credits because of using regenerativebraking system in its trains that reduces 30% electricity consumption.


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World bank projects in Netherlands Waste management and energy efficiency

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) China InternationalCentre ofEconomic and Technical Exchange with financial support from Arcelor Mittal, theworlds largest steel producer.

The company also brings best practices in terms of energy efficiency steel production,for which it has been a leader in innovation.

WORLD BANKCARBON FINANCE UNIT- technology transfer to China

UNDP and Mozambique CDM under Kyoto protocol


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Need for new ways to define standards

Low Carbon Growth option is enabling the Fertilizer Industry reduce the CarbonFoot Print

The latest technology may not have the best potential for emission reduction

Importance for Evaluation ofCost factor

Need For Major Technological Advancement as in many industries the EmissionLevel Stagnation would be achieved by 2020-21

MajorChallenge in India is the feasibility of implementing the Low CarbonGrowth recommendation due to Size


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low carbon growth

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