low level organic chemicals in surface-water sources of drinking water presenters gregory c. delzer...
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Low Level Organic Chemicals in Surface-Water Low Level Organic Chemicals in Surface-Water Sources of Drinking WaterSources of Drinking Water
PresentersPresenters
Gregory C. Delzer Gregory C. Delzer Lead Scientist, U.S. Geological Survey Lead Scientist, U.S. Geological Survey
Thomas Jacobus Thomas Jacobus General Manager, Washington Aqueduct General Manager, Washington Aqueduct
Timothy L. MillerTimothy L. MillerModerator, U.S. Geological SurveyModerator, U.S. Geological Survey
National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program
U.S. Department of the InteriorU.S. Geological Survey
Study LocationsStudy Locations
Slide #2
ClackamasRiver
Elm ForkTrinity River
Cache la PoudreRiver
TruckeeRiver
White River
ChattahoocheeRiver
Neuse RiverNeuse River
PotomacPotomacRiverRiver
Running GutterRunning GutterBrookBrook
Compounds MonitoredCompounds Monitored
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Gasoline relatedGasoline related
Personal care and domestic usePersonal care and domestic use
SolventsSolvents
Insecticides and degradatesInsecticides and degradates
Herbicides and degradatesHerbicides and degradates
Pavement- and combustion-derivedPavement- and combustion-derived
Disinfection by-productsDisinfection by-products
FungicidesFungicides
Plant- or animal-derived biochemicalsPlant- or animal-derived biochemicals
Refrigerants and propellantsRefrigerants and propellants
Fumigant relatedFumigant related
Organic synthesisOrganic synthesis
Manufacturing additivesManufacturing additives
00 1010 2020 3030 4040 5050 6060 7070
Number of CompoundsNumber of Compounds
Number in groupNumber in group
Number with Health- Number with Health- Based ScreeningBased ScreeningLevels Levels
Number with MaximumNumber with MaximumContaminant LevelsContaminant Levels
• A diverse group of compounds are present A diverse group of compounds are present in source water at low concentrationsin source water at low concentrations
• Occurrence and concentrations in source Occurrence and concentrations in source water and finished water were often similarwater and finished water were often similar
• Samples typically contained mixtures of Samples typically contained mixtures of compoundscompounds
Key FindingsKey Findings
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Diverse groups of compounds Diverse groups of compounds detected in source waterdetected in source water
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Gasoline relatedGasoline related
Personal care and domestic usePersonal care and domestic use
SolventsSolvents
Herbicides and degradatesHerbicides and degradates
Disinfection by-productsDisinfection by-products
FungicidesFungicides
Plant- or animal-derived biochemicalsPlant- or animal-derived biochemicals
Organic synthesisOrganic synthesis
Manufacturing additivesManufacturing additives
00 1010 2020
Number of Compounds DetectedNumber of Compounds Detected
55 1515
Number in groupNumber in group
Number with Health- Number with Health- Based ScreeningBased ScreeningLevels Levels
Number with MaximumNumber with MaximumContaminant LevelsContaminant Levels
Concentrations are low in source waterConcentrations are low in source water
3% greater 3% greater than 1 ppbthan 1 ppb
21%21%
76% less than 76% less than 0.1 ppb0.1 ppb
~ 130 compounds ~ 130 compounds detecteddetected
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0.1 to 1 ppb0.1 to 1 ppb
Compounds in Source Water Were Compounds in Source Water Were Often in Finished WaterOften in Finished Water
More commonly More commonly detected in detected in
finished waterfinished water
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Similar occurrence Similar occurrence in source and in source and finished waterfinished water
Less commonly Less commonly detected in finished detected in finished
waterwater
77
12123131
Concentrations of Some Concentrations of Some Compounds are Similar for Source Compounds are Similar for Source
and Finished Waterand Finished Water
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Source Water, ppbSource Water, ppb
Fin
ishe
d W
ater
, pp
bF
inis
hed
Wat
er,
ppb
MCL
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10
0.001
0.01
1
10Atrazine Fipronil1:1 1:1
0.1
Seasonal Changes in Stream Water Were Seasonal Changes in Stream Water Were also Observed in Finished Wateralso Observed in Finished Water
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2004 - 2005
J
White River
Source water
Finished water
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
J A S O N D J F M A M J J
Atr
azin
e, p
pb
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Most Samples of Source and Finished Water Most Samples of Source and Finished Water Contained Mixtures of CompoundsContained Mixtures of Compounds
Number ofcompoundsin a sample
Percentage of samples
5 ormore
15 ormore
25 ormore
30 ormore
Finished waterSource water
0 20 40 60 80 100
Land Use Influences MixturesLand Use Influences Mixtures
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Percentage of agricultural and urban land use in watershed
Me
dia
n n
um
be
r o
f c
om
po
un
ds
in a
sa
mp
le
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1000
10
20
30
Truckee River
White River
• A diverse group of compounds are present A diverse group of compounds are present in source water at low concentrationsin source water at low concentrations
• Occurrence and concentrations in source Occurrence and concentrations in source water and finished water were often similarwater and finished water were often similar
• Samples typically contained mixtures of Samples typically contained mixtures of compoundscompounds
Key FindingsKey Findings
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• Greg Delzer, HydrologistGreg Delzer, [email protected]
• Jim Kingsbury, HydrologistJim Kingsbury, [email protected]
• Donna Myers, Chief, NAWQA ProgramDonna Myers, Chief, NAWQA [email protected]
http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/swqa/http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/swqa/
Contact InformationContact Information
Slide #13