Low Scale Gravity Black Low Scale Gravity Black Holes at LHCHoles at LHC

Enikő RegősEnikő Regős

Search for Extra DimensionsSearch for Extra Dimensions

LHC : Quantum Gravity & Extra DimsLHC : Quantum Gravity & Extra Dims Stringy Quantum Black HolesStringy Quantum Black Holes Low-scale Gravity Black Holes at LHCLow-scale Gravity Black Holes at LHC Comparison of Black Hole GeneratorsComparison of Black Hole Generators ww De Roeck Gamsizkan TrocsanyiDe Roeck Gamsizkan Trocsanyi

Quantum gravity and accelerator Quantum gravity and accelerator physicsphysics

Obtain limits from collider Obtain limits from collider experimentsexperiments

Graviton interference effects Graviton interference effects at Large Hadron Collider, at Large Hadron Collider, CERNCERN

Decay modes of particles Decay modes of particles with mass in TeV rangewith mass in TeV range

Hadron/lepton scatterings Hadron/lepton scatterings andand

decays in extra-dimensional decays in extra-dimensional modelsmodels

Black holes at LHC, CMSBlack holes at LHC, CMS

Limits from Limits from cosmology and cosmology and astrophysics: cosmic astrophysics: cosmic rays and supernovaerays and supernovae

Particle astrophysics Particle astrophysics Dark matterDark matter mass of particles, mass of particles, Ex:Ex: Axions Axions Evidence fromEvidence from observations for extra observations for extra

DD Quantum black holes: Quantum black holes:

energy spectrum, energy spectrum, depend on depend on parameters of space parameters of space times, stringstimes, strings

Hierarchy problem & EDHierarchy problem & ED Fundamental scales in nature :Fundamental scales in nature : Planck mass : E19 GeVPlanck mass : E19 GeV Electroweak scale : 240 GeVElectroweak scale : 240 GeV Supersymmetry : fundamental theory at M_Pl ,Supersymmetry : fundamental theory at M_Pl , EW derived ( small #) from dynamicsEW derived ( small #) from dynamics BrokenBroken ( particle mass ) : gravity mediated ( particle mass ) : gravity mediated gravitino mass determines partner massesgravitino mass determines partner masses EW breaking induced by radiative correctionsEW breaking induced by radiative corrections

Extra dimensionsExtra dimensions

EW scale fundamental, M_Pl derivedEW scale fundamental, M_Pl derived Compact ED ( radius R )Compact ED ( radius R ) Matter confined in 4DMatter confined in 4D Gravity : propagates in all D , Gravity : propagates in all D , weakweak : compact space dimensions : compact space dimensions

large compared to electroweak scalelarge compared to electroweak scale G = G_D / (2 G = G_D / (2 ππ R)^ (D-4) R)^ (D-4)

Stringy Black Holes : D Stringy Black Holes : D branesbranes

D branesD branes D = 5 type – IIB black hole :D = 5 type – IIB black hole : Q1 D1 and Q5 D5 branes intersectionsQ1 D1 and Q5 D5 branes intersections in dsin ds²² : : f = ∏ [ 1 + ( r0 sh f = ∏ [ 1 + ( r0 sh δδ / r) / r)²² ] ( 1, 5, p ) ] ( 1, 5, p ) 1, 5 – brane charges : electric, magnetic, KK charge1, 5 – brane charges : electric, magnetic, KK charge T = 1 / 2 T = 1 / 2 ΠΠ r0 r0 ∏∏ ch ch δδ Q = N - N (1, 5, R - L)Q = N - N (1, 5, R - L) (anti) 1, 5 – branes, right/left moving momentum #(anti) 1, 5 – branes, right/left moving momentum #

dsds²² = -g / √f dt = -g / √f dt²² + √f ( dr + √f ( dr²² /g + r /g + r²² ddΩΩ ) )

δδ-s : higher dimensions’ -s : higher dimensions’ compactificationcompactification

f = ∏ ( 1 + r0 shf = ∏ ( 1 + r0 sh²² δδ / r ) ( 2, 5, 6, / r ) ( 2, 5, 6, p )p )

Further examples:Further examples: D = 5 Type – IIB with electric chargesD = 5 Type – IIB with electric charges

BPS black hole : Reissner – Nordstrom BPS black hole : Reissner – Nordstrom spacetimespacetime

D = 5 : Rotating, spinD = 5 : Rotating, spin equal charges : D = 5 Kerr - Newman equal charges : D = 5 Kerr - Newman

D = 4 rotating :D = 4 rotating : D1, D5 branes’ intersectionD1, D5 branes’ intersection Type –II : heterotic string on T^6 torusType –II : heterotic string on T^6 torus RRotatingotating

Black holes at LHCBlack holes at LHC

Event generator for ED BHs : BlackMax I-IIEvent generator for ED BHs : BlackMax I-II Rotation, fermion splitting, brane tensionRotation, fermion splitting, brane tension Experimental signatures, particle decayExperimental signatures, particle decay CMSSW analysisCMSSW analysis Comparison with Charybdis I-IIComparison with Charybdis I-II TRUENOIR, CATFISH : no rotationTRUENOIR, CATFISH : no rotation Energy lossEnergy loss

Black Hole Mass functionBlack Hole Mass function Log Log ΦΦ ~ M - M_min ~ M - M_min for various models of for various models of Planck mass, ED, M_min,Planck mass, ED, M_min, rotation, brane tensionrotation, brane tension

BlackMax & Charybdis agreeBlackMax & Charybdis agreeon initial mass distributionon initial mass distributionas not affected by mass lossas not affected by mass loss

Distribution of BH color (red – blue - Distribution of BH color (red – blue - green) green)

Rotating and non-rotating , 2 ED , 1-5 Rotating and non-rotating , 2 ED , 1-5 TeV TeV

Distribution of BH charge / 3q /Distribution of BH charge / 3q /

Rotating and non-rotating, 2 ED, 1-5 Rotating and non-rotating, 2 ED, 1-5 TeVTeV

< Energy > of emitted particles vs. BH < Energy > of emitted particles vs. BH massmass

Rotating and non-rotating, 2 ED, 5-14 Rotating and non-rotating, 2 ED, 5-14 TeVTeV

Number of emitted particles vs. BH Number of emitted particles vs. BH mass during Hawking phasemass during Hawking phase

Rotating and non-rotating, 2 ED, 5-14 Rotating and non-rotating, 2 ED, 5-14 TeVTeV

Number of emitted particles vs. # extra Number of emitted particles vs. # extra dimensions and # fermion splitting dimensions and # fermion splitting

dimensionsdimensions

rotating and non-rotatingrotating and non-rotating ED ED = 7= 7

Number of emitted particles / BH Number of emitted particles / BH vs. brane tension B vs. brane tension B

non-rotatingnon-rotating ED = 2ED = 2 5-14 TeV5-14 TeV Hawking phaseHawking phase M_Pl = 1 TeVM_Pl = 1 TeV

Pseudorapidity : e - Pseudorapidity : e - μμ - - γγ

Ratio of 0 < Ratio of 0 < ήή < 0.5 < 0.5 & 0.5 < & 0.5 < ήή < 1 < 1 distinguishes among distinguishes among

beyond standard beyond standard modelsmodels

All models and All models and

speciesspecies have values very have values very

different from QCDdifferent from QCD

Lepton transverse momentum : Lepton transverse momentum : models models

Planck massPlanck mass : 2, 2, 5 TeV : 2, 2, 5 TeV Extra dimensions:Extra dimensions: 5, 3, 3 ( > 2 ) 5, 3, 3 ( > 2 ) Center of mass energy: 14 TeVCenter of mass energy: 14 TeV Minimum black hole mass : Minimum black hole mass : 4, 5, 7 TeV4, 5, 7 TeV Multiplicity decreases with Planck massMultiplicity decreases with Planck mass (fermions dominate)(fermions dominate) Energy and momentum increaseEnergy and momentum increase Model comparisonsModel comparisons

Model comparisonsModel comparisons

Models Models Vs. Vs. Standard Standard

ModelModeltop quark top quark

transv.transv.momentum momentum

/GeV/GeV

Analysis at CMSAnalysis at CMS

Missing Transverse Energy : Missing Transverse Energy : graviton + neutrino : model graviton + neutrino : model

dependentdependent Lepton transverse momentum :Lepton transverse momentum : easy to identify, cuts off for Standard easy to identify, cuts off for Standard

ModelModel Combined cuts : Combined cuts : ήή , p_T distribution , p_T distribution

Model settings for detector which Model settings for detector which have different signaturehave different signature

Implementation of generators in Implementation of generators in CMSSWCMSSW

Interface BlackMax IIInterface BlackMax II CMSSW : signal and SM backgroundCMSSW : signal and SM background

Model with 4TeV minimum black hole Model with 4TeV minimum black hole mass experimentally most accessiblemass experimentally most accessible

Comparison of BlackMax with Comparison of BlackMax with Charybdis for non-rotating black Charybdis for non-rotating black

holesholes BlackMax has higher multiplicity & BlackMax has higher multiplicity & lower momentalower momenta Missing Transverse Energy : Missing Transverse Energy : gravitons only in BlackMax (black curves)gravitons only in BlackMax (black curves) BlackMax-II : gravitons in final burst tooBlackMax-II : gravitons in final burst too Higher METHigher MET Apart from cross sections good agreementApart from cross sections good agreement Yoshino – Rychkov suppression decreases Yoshino – Rychkov suppression decreases σσ

Multiplicity in BlackMax & CharybdisMultiplicity in BlackMax & Charybdis

Transverse momentum of emitted Transverse momentum of emitted electronselectrons

Transverse momentum of all particlesTransverse momentum of all particles

Spectrum of emitted electronsSpectrum of emitted electrons

Spectrum of emitted particlesSpectrum of emitted particles

Pseudorapidity of electronsPseudorapidity of electrons

Pseudorapidity of emitted particlesPseudorapidity of emitted particles

Missing Transverse Energy with Missing Transverse Energy with GravitonsGravitons

Rotating Black Holes : Rotating Black Holes : Compare BlackMax II with Charybdis IICompare BlackMax II with Charybdis II

BHs carry spin from impact parameterBHs carry spin from impact parameter Spin : fewer, more energetic particlesSpin : fewer, more energetic particles Enhanced vector emission: more gluons, Enhanced vector emission: more gluons,

photons, W, Zphotons, W, Z Particle spectra, angular distributions, Particle spectra, angular distributions,

multiplicities strongly affected by BH spinmultiplicities strongly affected by BH spin In rotating D>5 graviton emission unknownIn rotating D>5 graviton emission unknown

Multiplicities for Rotating Black HolesMultiplicities for Rotating Black Holes

Transverse momentum of all particles for Transverse momentum of all particles for rotationrotation

Transverse momentum of electrons for Transverse momentum of electrons for rotationrotation

Pseudorapidity of all particles for Pseudorapidity of all particles for rotationrotation

Pseudorapidity of electrons for rotationPseudorapidity of electrons for rotation

Missing Transverse Energy with Missing Transverse Energy with rotationrotation

Transverse momentum of all particles : Transverse momentum of all particles : rotating black hole with Yoshino - rotating black hole with Yoshino -

RychkovRychkov

Transverse momentum of electrons : Transverse momentum of electrons : rotating with Yoshino - Rychkov rotating with Yoshino - Rychkov

suppressionsuppression

Multiplicities for rotation, Yoshino - Multiplicities for rotation, Yoshino - RychkovRychkov

MET with rotation, Yoshino - RychkovMET with rotation, Yoshino - Rychkov

Further models to test at LHC :Further models to test at LHC :

BHs in Dvali model for SM copies :BHs in Dvali model for SM copies : BH -> SM particle rates different,BH -> SM particle rates different, difference in particle decaydifference in particle decay non-integer extra dimensionnon-integer extra dimension MET is larger MET is larger Explanation for Explanation for Dark MatterDark Matter Even more likely for BHs w ADD & finding Even more likely for BHs w ADD & finding

themthem

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