LTE-Advanced Evolution

for 5G Services

Nokia Networks Webinar

Harri Holma, Fellow, Nokia Networks Research

23 September 2015

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LTE-Advanced Evolution boosts performance to extremes 10x Performance for new services

150 Mbps

10 ms latency

10x data rate

100x more capacity

10x lower latency

10x enhanced coverage

New service

capabilities

LTE Release 8 LTE Advanced evolution

1New name from 3GPP in October

LTE = Releases 8-9

LTE-Advanced = Releases 10-12

LTE-Advanced evolution1 = Release 13 and beyond

Agenda

1 Extreme

throughput

4 Extreme low

latency

2 Extreme capacity

3 Extreme efficiency

5 Extreme

scalability

6 Evolution

to 5G

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5G research 5G radio Sub and above 6 GHz

Smooth 4G evolution Sub 6 GHz

Programmable World

LTE-Advanced Evolution builds the bridge from 4G to 5G Enabler for initial 5G with backward compatibility

People & Things

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Carrier Aggregation

Evolution to Multi-Gbps

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From 20 MHz to 640 MHz aggregated spectrum to serve a user 32x faster through evolution of carrier aggregation

32 x 20 MHz LTE-

Advanced+ 3GPP Release

13-

5 x 20 MHz LTE-Advanced 3GPP Releases

10-12

LTE 3GPP Releases

8-9

20 MHz

x32 Bandwidth/user

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Expansion of Usable Spectrum From 700 MHz-3 GHz to 450 MHz-6 GHz globally agreed spectrum range

Licensed

paired and unpaired

700 2.6

450 3.8

Licensed paired and unpaired

450 3.8

Licensed paired and unpaired

5.1 5.9

Unlicensed unpaired

coverage

capacity

The worlds first LTE network

capacity

LTE-

Advanced+ 3GPP Release

13-

LTE-Advanced 3GPP Releases

10-12

LTE 3GPP Releases

8-9

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Three-Band Carrier Aggregation (Cat 9) hitting commercial networks

Three carrier FDD aggregation 20 + 20 + 10 MHz LTE800 + LTE1800 + LTE2600 Peak rate 375 Mbps

Three carrier FDD + TDD 20 (FD) + 20 (TD) + 20 (TD) MHz LTE2100 + LTE2600 + LTE2600 Peak rate 365 Mbps

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Three-Band Aggregation 20+20+10 MHz in live network shows >370 Mbps

150-200 simultaneously connected live users

Band 7 20 MHz

Band 3 20 MHz

Band 20 10 MHz

Peak throughput >370 Mbps

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LTE-Advanced data rate evolution to multi-Gbps More bandwidth higher data rates

>3 Gbps

2020

>300 MHz 1 Gbps

2017

100 MHz 300 Mbps

2015

40 MHz 100 Mbps

2010

20 MHz

Use more spectrum to boost LTE peak rate to

multiple Gbps

300 MHz and 2x2 MIMO gives 3 Gbps

Agenda

1 Extreme

throughput

4 Extreme low

latency

2 Extreme capacity

3 Extreme efficiency

5 Extreme

scalability

6 Evolution

to 5G

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Using the 5 GHz band

Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

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5725 5850 5470 5150 5350

5725 5470 5150 5350

5725 5850 5150 5350

US

Europe

Japan

China

MHz

MHz

MHz

= 580 MHz

= 455 MHz

= 325 MHz

Substantial amount of spectrum at 5 GHz

Plenty of spectrum in 5 GHz band. Especially suited to small cell deployments

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Utilization of 5 GHz Band with LTE-Advanced Evolution License Assisted Access (LAA) and LTE Wi-Fi Aggregation (LWA)

LTE

licensed

Carrier

Wi-Fi

LTE

unlicensed

5 GHz

Reliable

connection

Higher data rates

and more capacity

Licensed band LTE provides reliable connection

LAA uses LTE on 5 GHz band for higher data rates

LWA uses Wi-Fi on 5 GHz band for higher data rates

More efficient offloading to unlicensed band

LWA LAA

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License Assisted Access

(LAA/LTE-U)

Licensed spectrum

700 3500 MHz

Uplink Downlink

Unlicensed spectrum

5 GHz

Downlink

Release 13: downlink on 5 GHz band

Release 14: also uplink on 5 GHz band

Listen-before-talk channel access

Dynamic frequency selection

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LTE WiFi Aggregation (LWA)

LTE

eNodeB

Wi-Fi access

point

LTE eNodeB splits the data between LTE and Wi-Fi

transmissions. The device can receive data simultaneously

via LTE and Wi-Fi with dual connectivity functionality

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LAA provides double spectral

efficiency vs Wi-Fi

Performance of LAA and Wi-Fi

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

Single Network Two Networks

Re

lati

ve

ca

pac

ity

Capacity with single technology

LTE

Wi-Fi

LAA provides double cell range vs

Wi-Fi

0 50 100 150 200

LTE (5 GHz)

Wi-Fi (5 GHz)

Meters

Outdoor micro cell range

Min

Max

LAA is also suitable for public areas and outdoor

Agenda

1 Extreme

throughput

4 Extreme low

latency

2 Extreme capacity

3 Extreme efficiency

5 Extreme

scalability

6 Evolution

to 5G

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Enhanced Spectral

Efficiency

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(1)

(2)

(8)

Column-1

16 TXRUs

Column-2

16 TXRUs

Column-3

16 TXRUs

Column-4

16 TXRUs

3D MIMO (Full Dimension MIMO) Schemes in Releases 13-14

3GPP evolution for multiantenna feedback (codebook) - Release 8 MIMO 4x2

- Release 10 MIMO 8x2

- Release 13 MIMO 16x2

- Release 14 MIMO 64x2

8x2, 16x2 and 64x2 transceiver configurations are each associated with

four columns of cross-polarized antenna

elements of approximately the same

physical dimensions

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Higher Spectral Efficiency with 3D MIMO (Full Dimension MIMO)

16x2 gives 2.5x gain over 2x2

64x2 gives 3.0x gain over 2x2

64x2 gives +50% gain over 8x2

These simulations use codebook feedback which applies both for

FDD and TDD

Same total power in all cases

100 %

194 %

252 %

299 %

0 %

50 %

100 %

150 %

200 %

250 %

300 %

350 %

2x2 8x2 16x2 64x2

Average Spectral Efficiency EvolutionAverage Spectral Efficiency Evolution

Agenda

1 Extreme

throughput

4 Extreme low

latency

2 Extreme capacity

3 Extreme efficiency

5 Extreme

scalability

6 Evolution

to 5G

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Millisecond

latency

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LTE-Advanced Evolution minimizes latency Below 1 ms One-way delay and below 2 ms Round Trip Time

14 symbol TTI

7 symbol TTI

2 symbol TTI

1 ms

0.14 ms

10-20 ms

5-10 ms

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Round Trip Time Evolution Enhanced end user performance with lower latency

0

5

10

15

20

25

HSPA LTE LTE-A+ 5G

ms

Round trip time evolution Radio latency is lower with

LTE-Advanced+ and 5G

Important to optimize end-to-end latency

Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) reduces latency by

bringing content to the

radio network. MEC is

being standardized in ETSI

Agenda

1 Extreme

throughput

4 Extreme low

latency

2 Extreme capacity

3 Extreme efficiency

5 Extreme

scalability

6 Evolution

to 5G

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Internet of Things (IoT)

optimization using

Machine-to-Machine (M2M)

communications

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Terminology check

IoT = Internet of Things

M2M = Machine-to-

Machine

D2D = Device-to-

Device

Direct communication between two devices.

Relevant e.g. for automotive, public safety and

proximity applications

Connectivity solution supporting IoT to exchange

information including device-to-device and device-

to-infrastructure communication

Real, digital and virtual objects converging to create

smart environments that make energy, transport,

cities and many other areas more intelligent

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Targets of IoT optimization

High capacity core network Signaling and network entity optimization

Lower cost device

Battery life >10 years with 2 AA batteries

Enhanced coverage Path loss >164 dB

Lower power consumption

Modem cost

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LTE M2M optimization for low device cost

Release 8 Release 8 Release 12 Release 13 Release 13

Category 4 Category 1 Category 0 Cat-M 200 kHz NB-IoT

Downlink peak rate 150 Mbps 10 Mbps 1 Mbps 1 Mbps 200 kbps

Uplink peak rate 50 Mbps 5 Mbps 1 Mbps 1 Mbps 100 kbps

Number of antennas 2 2 1 1 1

Duplex mode Full duplex Full duplex Half duplex Half duplex Half duplex

UE receive bandwidth 20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz 1.4 MHz 0.2 MHz

UE transmit power 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm 20 dBm 23 dBm

Multiplexed within LTE Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes/No

Modem complexity 100% 80% 40% 20% 15%

Release 12 introduced low complexity

UE category (Cat-0) with lower data rate, half duplex and single antenna

Release 13 will further reduce

complexity with narrowband RF and

lower data rate

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Nokia Working for IoT Optimized NB-LTE Radio

NB-LTE is the most optimized radio for IoT applications.

NB-LTE will be standardized in 3GPP.

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Vehicular Communications and

Public Safety Using Device-to-

Device (D2D) Communication Nokia Solutions and Networks 2015

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LTE Vehicular Communications

Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V)

LTE technology components for vehicular use

Device-to-Device (D2D) for V2V communication

Local content and local routing with LiquidApps

LTE extensive coverage and low latency

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LTE Public Safety

Proximity services Group communication

Release 12

Enhanced proximity services Mission critical push-to-talk Isolated E-UTRAN operation

Release 13

Public safety application can run on top of LTE networks.

LTE can bring excellent data capability, good coverage and efficient operations

compared to separate public safety networks.

Agenda

1 Extreme

throughput

4 Extreme low

latency

2 Extreme capacity

3 Extreme efficiency

5 Extreme

scalability

6 Evolution

to 5G

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Evolution to 5G

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5G

LTE 5G

User plane Control

plane

LTE

Dual connectivity Control plane in LTE

Simultaneous connection to LTE

and 5G radio

LTE for control plane and 5G phase

1 for high data rate user plane

5G

LTE-Advanced Evolution takes advantage of LTE Connectivity

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Backwards compatible with current LTE

Yes

LTE-Advanced evolution

No

5G Phase 1

Control plane LTE LTE

LTE-Advanced Evolution to 5G

Spectrum 450 MHz 6 GHz 3 6 GHz

Great 5G comes with great LTE!

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