M.TECH THERMAL ENGGOPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONSPART A: 1. Answer the following:a) Random search methodsb) Complementary Geometric programmingc) Distinguish between mathematical models and simulation models.d) Write short notes on stochastic linear programming.

PART B:1.Solve the following using dynamic programming:Minimize Z = 12x1 + 15x2Subject to 4x1 + 3x2 12 2x1 + 5x2 9 x1 , x2 02.Maximize Z = 2x1 + 3x2 St 5x1 + 7x2 35 4x1 + 9x2 36 xi 0 and integers. Use Cutting plane method3. The stress level at which steel yields (X) has been found to follow normal distribution. For a particular batch of steel, the mean and standard deviation of X are found to be 4000 and 300 kg/cm2. Find: i) The probability that a steel bar taken from this batch will have a yield stress between 3000 and 5000 kg/cm2. ii) The probability that yield stress will exceed 4500 kg/cm2.4. Solve the following problem using Gomorys cutting plane method:Maximize Z = x1 + 2 x2Subject to the constraints 2x2 7 x1 + x2 7 2x1 11 xi 0, and integer, i = 1, 2.

5.Maximize Z = 2x1 + 3x2 St 5x1 + 7x2 35 4x1 + 9x2 36 xi 0 and integers. Use Cutting plane method.

ADVANCED THERMODYNAMICSPART A: 1. Write short notes on the following:a) Photovoltaic cell.b) Daltons law of Partial pressures. C) Clausius Clapeyron Equation.d) Explain See beck effect, Peltier effect and Thompsons effect.PART B:1.A power plant requires 12000 kg/s of water to be cooled from 400C to 300C. Inletair for a cooling tower available at 250C and 35% relative humidity and may beassumed to leave the tower at 350C and 90% relative humidity. If the make upwater is available at 200C, calculate the mass flow rates of air and make up waterrequired.2. Explain the procedure for second law analysis of power cycle. Describe the second law analysis of Brayton power cycle3. Derive the expression for power and efficiency for a thermionic generator.4. What is a Cogeneration plant? What are the thermodynamic advantages of such a plant? 5. Explain the working principle of MHD generator. Is it limited by the Carnot principle?

ADVANCED HEAT AND MASS TRANSFERPART A: 1.Answer the following:a) Thermometer well concept to measure temperature.b) Effectiveness and efficiency of a fin.c) Lamberts cosine law.d) Ficks law.PART B:1. Steam at 1 bar enters the shell of a surface condenser in which the water flowsthrough a bundle of tubes 25mm diameter at the rate of 0.05Kg/sec, the inlet andoutlet temperatures of water are 150C and 700C respectively. Condensation takingplace over the tubes if U is 230W/m2 K. Using NTU method, calculate theeffectiveness of the heat exchanger, length of the tube and rate of condensation2. Obtain the equation for reduction in heat transfer by introducing the radiation shield.3. Show the temperature and velocity profiles under free convection from a vertical plate.4. Calculate the total heat loss by convection and radiation from an unplugged horizontal steam pipe, 6cm outside diameter at 1150 C to air at25oC. Assume the emissivity of the surface = 0.9.5. What are radiation shields? Give their applications.

ADVANCED FLUID MECHANICSPART A:1.Answer the following:a. Define Mach number. What is the significance of Mach number in compressible fluid flows?b. Stagnation pressure, c. Stagnation temperature and d. Stagnation density.PART B:1. Calculate the Mach number at a point on a jet propelled aircraft which is flying at 900 km/hour at sea-level where air temperature is 150C. Take k = 1.4 and R = 287J/kg K.2.A kite 60 cm x 60 cm weighing 2.943 N assumes an angle of 100 to thehorizontal. The string attached to the kite makes an angle of 450 to the horizontal.If the pull on the string is 29.43 N when the wind is flowing at a speed of 40km/hr. Find the corresponding co-efficient to drag and lift. Density of air is givenas 1.25 kg/m3.3.A tank fitted with a convergent nozzle contains air at a temperature of 20C. The diameter at the outlet of the nozzle is 25 mm. assuming adiabatic flow; find the mass rate of flow of air through the nozzle to the atmosphere when the pressure in the tank is: i) 140 kN/m2 (abs.), ii) 300 kN/m2. Take for air: R = 287 J/kg K and = 1.4. Barometric pressure = 100 kN/m24. Starting with the Navier-Stokes equations of motion for two dimensional incompressible flow, obtain the Prandtls boundary layer equation5.Show that the difference of pressure head for a given length of the two parallelplates which are fixed and through which viscous fluid is flowing is given by hf =12L pgt2Where = Viscosity of fluid, = Average velocity, t = Distance between the twoparallel plates, L = Length of the plates, p= density

SOLAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGYPART A:1. Write short notes on:a) Tracking.b) Solar stills.c) PV applications.d) Solar refrigeration.PART B:1.Explain in detail the principles of economic analysis. 2.Explain the working of sub systems of power generation through solar central receiver system.3.Explain different approaches used for comparing the relative costs of the solar and conventional systems

4. Explain different Semiconductor material and properties of Solar cells

5. Explain different categories of semiconductors and the process of doping.

NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCESPART A:1. Write short notes on a.Properties and applications of Hydrogen gas b. Thermionic and Thermoelectric Generation c.Discuss vapour dominated geothermal plants with a diagram.d. Discuss the parameters affecting the performance of biogas digester.PART B:1. Show that wave power is directly proportional to the square of amplitude and inversely proportion to the period of wave.2. Write the basic chemical reaction, process and energetic involved in generation of biogas from biomass.3. What is the source of tidal energy? What is the minimum tidal range required for practical power plant? How much is potential in tides.4. Explain the operation of oscillating water type wave device, and derive an expression for average annual wave energy at potential site.5.Explain the technologies available for OTEC.