madame tussauds hsie · madame tussauds hsie (geography & history) year 7 - 10 ... introduction...

Madame Tussauds HSIE (Geography & History) Year 7 - 10

Resource aligned to NSW K-12 Syllabus and The Australian CurriculumThe images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds

IntroductionA trip to Madame Tussauds Sydney, offers a wealth of opportunities for the teaching of HSIE.

The use of historical figures within the attraction, offers a visual and tactile opportunity to learners. A large proportion of our wax figures are Australian cultural icons, as well as global historical figures of significance to the world today. These representations provide an opportunity to discover world geography using a tangible resource and setting.

These resources are to be used whilst in the attraction, though further on in this document you will find suggestions for pre and post trip activities to be completed at school.

HSIE (Geography & History) Teacher Guide

HSIE Year 7 - 10The areas in which the NSW Syllabus subjects of HSIE (Geography and History) align with a visit to Madame Tussauds Sydney include:

7-10 GeographyFocus Area E4 – Development Geography- Examine the roles of individuals, groups and governments.- Describe ways in which individuals are citizens participate as informed and active citizens.

7-10 HistoryA knowledge and understanding of the nature of history, past societies and their legacy.- 4.1 Describes and explains the nature of history, the main features of past societies and periods of their legacy.

A knowledge and Understanding of Aboriginal and Indigenous people of the world and the nature and contact of history.- 4.2 Describes significant features of Aboriginal and Indigenous cultures, prior to colonisation.- 4.3 Explains the ways indigenous and non-indigenous peoples of the world have responded to contact with each other.

A knowledge and understanding of the changing rights and freedoms of Aboriginal peoples and other groups in Australia.- 5.3 Explains the changing rights and freedoms of Aboriginal peoples and other groups in Australia.

http://www.madametussauds.com/Sydney/PlanYourVisit/schools • The images shown depict wax figures created and owned by Madame Tussauds

Suggestions for Pre/Post ActivitiesPre-Activities:- Look at timelines of Australian history, and match the figures that are within the attraction to events in history.- Study and discuss the importance of Eddie Mabo and other Indigenous Australians.- Look at and study the colonisation of Australia by Europeans.- Study how colonisation impacted Indigenous Australians since 1770 AD.

Post-Activities:- Using the online resources, create a time line of the figures within the attraction based on: - Date of birth/death - Historical events in the persons’ life- Complete the “Home Grown Talent” activity.- Map the different locations around the world where the figures in the attraction where born.- Using a map of Australia, map the location of birth for the Australian figures.

Cathy Freeman

Teacher Sheet One

In Madame Tussauds, you will find many historical figures who have had a significant impact on the formation of Australia and Sydney as we know it today.

Make a list of the historical figures that have impacted Australian history and what cities and countries they were born.

Make a list of the historical figures that have impacted Australian history and what countries they were born.

Why is Captain James Cook so famous? Use information from the information board to help answer this question. Include some facts about him.

Eddie Mabo is of significant importance to all Australians, especially Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders, why is this?

Stage 4 HSIE


Nicole Kidman

Eddie Mabo

Leonardo DiCaprio

Lots of the personalities you see within the attraction are Australian. Make a list of the different places in Australia where they were born?

For each of the following areas of Madame Tussauds Sydney, pick one Australian born figure and then explain what legacy this person has left or will leave for future generations.

History:

World Leaders:

Sport:

Music:

Culture:

TV Shows:

Film and A-List:

Stage 5 HSIE


Delta Goodrum

Fred Hollows

Queen Elizabeth II

Find our Australian FiguresFind an Australian figure from each of these backgrounds and write down their name and one fact about them.

1. Historical Figure:

2. Political Figure:

3. TV Personality:

4. Movie Star:

5. Singer:

6. Indigenous Australian:

7. Sports Personality:

8. Scientific Figure:

9. Australian with cultural significance:

10. Of all the “Home Grown Talent”, which one was your favourite and why?

Madame Tussauds Sydney is proud to display many Australian celebrities and icons.

This resource encourages students to research these Australian personalities who have helped make the country what it is today.

It can be used as part of a cross-curriculum or a stand-alone activity. Students will be encouraged to research indepth, one of the figures they have seen at Madame Tussauds Sydney.

As there are many iconic figures within the attraction, there are varied answers to each question. This allows for students to choose from a range of wax figures.

Home Grown Australian Talent


Cate Blanchett

How to make a wax Figure


1 – SittingA sitting takes 2 hours in order to take measurements, photos, costumes donations, hand cast, hair samples, eye colour and a signature.

Upwards of 250 precise measurements of the head and body are taken to give Madam Tussauds sculptures the information they need to accurately crate a wax figure. Standing in pose on a turntable our photographer takes 180 photographs from every angle with different lenses and lighting.

All vital statistics are kept confidential – despite repeated requests from the public and the press.

2 – SculptingAn armature acting as a “skeleton” to support the clay body is constructed from metal tubing and wire. The sculptors have anatomical knowledge to ensure every bone, muscle and tendon is replicated correctly according to the pose.

The clay head and body are sculpted using the measurements and photographs taken at the sitting. The head is sculpted 2% larger than life to allow for wax shrinkage. About 150kg of clay is used to sculpt one figure and it takes six weeks to sculpt a head for a figure in clay before it is moulded.

Madame Tussauds doesn’t just create wax people. We’ve made dogs, horses, tigers, monsters, robots, rats, birds and cartoon characters.

3 – MouldingIt takes 170 hours to mould a figure. The finished clay body is moulded and cast into fiberglass and a 13 piece plaster mould is made from the clay head.

Madame Tussauds’ special mixture of beeswax and Japan wax is heated to 740C, and is poured into the head mould. The wax cools inside the mould and then the plaster sections are removed to reveal a hollow wax head. The hands are also moulded, cast into wax and coloured.

A wax head weighs as much as an actual head, approximately 4.5 kg, and 2 kg of wax is used for pair of hands. The typical weight of a whole figure is 25 kg.

4 – Hair InsertionsIt takes 140 hours to insert the hair on each average wax head, including the eyebrows. Each strand of hair is inserted individually into the wax head by hand, using a forked needle, taking approximately five weeks to complete each head.

Hair samples are taken at the sitting and carefully matched to real human hair. When the hair insertion is complete, the hair is washed, cut and styled.

5 – ColouringIt takes 50 hours to colour a head. Oil paints are used to build layers of colour on the face to give a translucency to the skin and a realistic texture.

Artists use a palette of over 20 different colours to recreate lifelike skin tones. Tattoos are meticulously hand painted. Every freckle, mole, wrinkle and dimple is accurately reproduced on the figure.

6 – Eye and Teeth MakingThe subject has their eyes matched for colour at the sitting. The eyes are individually made from acrylic resin and every tiny detail is duplicated.

Each iris is hand painted using gouache, and veining is added to the whites of the eyes with fine silk threads. It takes 15 hours to make a pair of eyes and no two pairs of eyes are the same.

Where possible a cast of the subject’s teeth is taken. Each tooth is replicated using dental acrylic and is accurately colour matched. This process takes 30 hours.

7 – WardrobeMany of the celebrities donate their own clothes for their figure to wear.

Our figure stylist plans the costumes following extensive research and a team carefully assembles the costumes.

When the costume is not donated the wardrobe teams go to great lengths to sources historically accurate, authentic looking props and clothes.

8 – FinishingFinally, the head and hands are fitted to the fiberglass body and the completed figure is dressed in clothes.

Before the figure leaves the studio for the attraction it is taken to the photography studio and critiqued by the precise production staff. The figure is then photographed in the style of a celebrity photo shoot.

Maintenance teams inspect and primp each figure on a daily basis. All figures have their hair washed and make-up retouched regularly.

Teacher Answers - How to make a wax Figure


The aim of this activity is to guide students through the process of creating the wax figures you can see on your visit to Madame Tussauds Sydney. Below, you will find the student questions along with the answers, taken directly from the information boards and from the film clips you will find in the room.

1. How long does a sitting take? • Approximately 2 hours2. How many steps are there in making a model? • 8 steps (numbered 1 to 8 in the room)3. How many measurements are taken of the head and body, to allow the sculpture to make an accurate wax figure? • Upwards of 250 precise measurements of the head and body are taken to give Madame Tussauds sculptures the information they need to accurately crate a wax figure. 4. How many pictures does the photographer take? • Standing in pose on a turntable our photographer takes 180 photographs from every angle with different lenses and lighting.5. Where is each model made? • At the Acton Studios, in London.6. What is the skeleton of the model made from? • An armature acting as a “skeleton” to support the clay body is constructed from metal tubing and wire.7. How much clay is used to sculpt one figure? • About 150kg of clay is used to sculpt one figure.8. How long does it take to mould a figure? • It takes 170 hours to mould a figure.9. What type of wax is used? • Madame Tussauds’ uses a special mixture of beeswax and Japan wax.10. How hot does the wax have to be? • The wax is heated to 740C.11. How much does a whole wax figure weigh? • The typical weight of a whole figure is 25 kg.12. How long does it take to put hair on the wax figure? • Approximately five weeks to complete each head13. How long does it take to colour a head? • It takes 50 hours to colour a head.14. What other features do the artists match on the wax figure that is also on the living person? • Tattoos are meticulously hand painted. Every freckle, mole, wrinkle and dimple is accurately reproduced on the figure.15. What type of paints do the artists use to build up the colour? • Oil paints are used.16. How long does it take to make the teeth and what material is used? • Each tooth is replicated using dental acrylic and is accurately colour matched. This process takes 30 hours.

17. What is the maintenance routine for each figure? • Maintenance teams inspect and primp each figure on a daily basis. All figures have their hair washed and make-up retouched regularly.18. How many people are involved from start to finish, in the making of a wax figure? • 60 people.19. How long does it take to create a wax figure? • 3 months.20. What is the distance between the front orbit left and the front orbit right of Beyonce Knowles? • 6.6cm

Resource - How to make a wax Figure


This resource will guide you through the process of how each model at Madame Tussauds has been made. Not all the answers are from the boards around the room. Some will require you to watch the film clip that is being played.

1. How long does a sitting take?

2. How many steps are there in making a model?

3. How many measurements are taken of the head and body, to allow the sculpture to make an accurate wax figure?

4. How many pictures does the photographer take?

5. Where is each model made?

6. What is the skeleton of the model made from?

7. How much clay is used to sculpt one figure?

8. How long does it take to mould a figure?

9. What type of wax is used?

10. How hot does the wax have to be?

11. How much does a whole wax figure weigh?

12. How long does it take to put hair on the wax figure?

13. How long does it take to colour a head?

14. What other features do the artists match on the wax figure that is also on the living person?

15. What type of paints do the artists use to build up the colour?

16. How long does it take to make the teeth and what material is used?

17. What is the maintenance routine for each figure?

18. How many people are involved from start to finish, in the making of a wax figure?

19. How long does it take to create a wax figure?

20. What wax figure looks most ‘real’ in your opinion?

1. In 1938, on the anniversary of colonization, who led a national day of mourning to protest against the discrimination of Aboriginal people?

The Aboriginal leader William Cooper

2. In 1965, who organised the Freedom Ride to draw public attention to the poor conditions of life for Aboriginal people and to protest against racial discrimination?

A group of Sydney University students, led by Charles Perkins

3. In what year did 90% of Australians vote in favour of referendum that changed the Australian Constitution and finally gave all Aboriginal people the right to vote?

1967

4. What Land Councils were created to manage the Aboriginal traditional lands?

Northern Land Council to manage the Top End Central Land Council, southern half of Northern Territory Tiwi Land Council for Bathurst and Melville Islands Anindilyakawa Land Council which covers Groote Eylandt.

5. In 1976, which act was passed to legally recognize the Aboriginal system of land ownership?

Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern Territory) Act

Aboriginal Civil Rights Quiz


Eddie Mabo

Madame Tussauds Sydney is proud to have within the attraction, representations of important historical Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders.

The accompanying resource on Indigenous Australians and Aboriginal Civil Rights Quiz can be used in a variety of subjects. It offers and insight into the Indigenous cultures and beliefs, prior to settlement in Australia by Europeans and since this time.

Indigenous Australians

Areas of the curriculum where this activity could be used include:

K-6 Human Society and Its Environment- Change and Continuity- Significant Events and People- Time and Change- Culture- Identities- Cultural Diversity- Environmental Outcomes- Relationships with Places

7-10 Geography- Focus Area E4 – Development Geography- Examine the roles of individuals, groups and governments.- Describe ways in which individuals are citizens participate as informed and active citizens.

7-10 History- Acknowledge and understanding of the nature of history, past societies and their legacy.- 4.1 Describes and explains the nature of history, the main features of past societies and periods of their legacy.- A knowledge and Understanding of Aboriginal and Indigenous people of the world and the nature and contact of history.- 4.2 Describes significant features of Aboriginal and Indigenous cultures, prior to colonisation.- 4.3 Explains the ways indigenous and non-indigenous peoples of the world have responded to contact with each other.- Acknowledge and understanding of the changing rights and freedoms of Aboriginal peoples and other groups in Australia.- 5.3 Explains the changing rights and freedoms of Aboriginal peoples and other groups in Australia.


7-10 Aboriginal Studies- Core Part 2: Aboriginal Autonomy- Describe key aspects of human rights- Understand that there are many different rights that apply to all people- Describe and draw conclusions about the issues of denial of human rights to Aboriginal Peoples including the effects of dispossession of the land, massacres and genocide.- Option 8: Aboriginal People in Sport- Draw conclusions about the relationship between increasing Aboriginal participation and success in sport and breakdown barriers between Aboriginal and non- Aboriginal people and communities, including the local/ regional community.- Analyse the contribution of Aboriginal sportspeople to Australian sport and Australia’s performance internationally in sport.- Assess the contribution of Aboriginal sportspeople as a role model for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people.- Analyse gender issues associated with sport for Aboriginal Peoples such as:- Media coverage of Aboriginal sportspeople based on gender.- Female Aboriginal sportspeople as advocates for women as well as being Aboriginal women.- Option 9: Aboriginal Interaction with Legal and Political Systems- Describe key Australian legal and political systems such as the loss of land, the loss of autonomy and personal freedom and lack of access to non-Aboriginal political and legal structures.- Identify Aboriginal initiatives designed to overcome disadvantage in political and legal systems.

Cathy Freeman

Student resourceAboriginal and Torres Strait IslandersIndigenous Australians, have been on Australian soil for at least the last 50,000 years, with some accounts dating back as far as 100,000 years. Until 1770 BC, they inhabited Australia, relatively unchanged, showing a deep and cultural relationship with nature. Captain Cook and the resulting European settlers changed this!

The objective of this task is to look more closely at three Indigenous Australians, who shaped Australia as we know it today through sports, politics or other reasons.

For each of the people listed below, you will need to read the information board located near them. For each one:• Write down when they were born/when they died (if they are not still alive)• Where they were born• 3 facts about them

Trugernanner (Truganini)

Date of Birth:

Date of Death:

Place of Birth:

Facts:

1.

2.

3.

Cathy Freeman (Catherine Astrid Salome Freeman)

Date of Birth:

Date of Death:

Place of Birth:

Facts:

1.

2.

3.

Eddie Mabo (Eddie Koiki Mabo)

Date of Birth:

Date of Death:

Place of Birth:

Facts:

1.

2.

3.

Indigenous Australians


Below you will find 5 questions which related to Aboriginal Civil Rights. The answers to the questions can be found within the attraction.

1. In 1938, on the anniversary of colonization, who led a national day of mourning to protest against the discrimination of Aboriginal people?

2. In 1965, who organized the Freedom Ride to draw public attention to the poor conditions of life for Aboriginal people and to protest against racial discrimination?

3. In what year did 90% of Australians vote in favour of referendum that changed the Australian Constitution and finally gave all Aboriginal people the right to vote?

4. What Land Councils were created to manage the Aboriginal traditional lands?

5. In 1976, which act was passed to legally recognize the Aboriginal system of land ownership?

Student resource

Aboriginal Civil Rights Quiz


Year Fact First human inhabitation of Australia.1770 Captain Cook claims NSW (as Australia was known) for Britain.1788 Arrival of the First Fleet, beginning of dispossession of the Darug people.1789 A smallpox epidemic kills many Sydney Aborigines.1790 Pemilwuy begins 12-year war of resistance.1802 Pemilwuy captured and executed.1830s Debate over establishment of South Australia leads to recognition of indigenous land rights.1878 Continued violent contact leads to creation of Aboriginal reserves and missions.1902 Commonwealth Franchise Act gives right to vote to all adults but excludes any Aboriginal native of Australia unless they had the right to vote in their own home state before 1901.1937 Government introduces policy of assimilation, forcing Aborigines to live like whites.1938 Day of Mourning protest against the celebration of 150 years of settlement.1949 Amendment to franchise Act gives vote to Aborigines who had been entitled to vote in state election or if they had completed military service.1958 The Federal Council for the Advancement of Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders (FCAATSI) is formed.1962 Aborigines entitled to vote in federal elections.1966 Northern Territory Wave Hill strike. Gurindji people begin fight to live on their own land in their own way.1967 Referendum to amend the Constitution to end discrimination against Aborigines.1968 The Commonwealth Department of Aboriginal Affairs is established.1971 Northern Territory Gove Land Rights case decision denies Yirrkala Aborigines native title. Neville Bonner becomes first Aborigine elected to federal parliament.1972 Aboriginal tent embassy is set up in Canberra.1975 Northern Territory tradition lands restored to the Gurindji people.1976 Aboriginal Land Rights Act passed in federal parliament, allowing Aborigines in the Northern Territory limited rights to claim ancestral land (expired in 1997).1981 Pitjantjatjara Land Rights Act grants Aborigines freehold over 350,000sq km of land in South Australia and Western Australia.1983 Aboriginal Land Rights Act passed, establishing processes and institutions for claiming and administering indigenous land. Voting is made compulsory for all Aborigines.1985 Uluru (Ayers Rock) returned to traditional owners.1987 Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in custody.1988 Aborigines protest against Bicentennial celebrations across Australia. Activists Burnum Burnum goes to England to claim if for the Aborigines.1990 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission established.1991 Royal Commission findings on Aboriginal deaths in custody handed down. Council for Aboriginal reconciliation established.1992 Mabo decision (Eddie mabo) over land rights of Torres Straight Islander (Murri) people rules native title exists, but only in unoccupied or unclaimed Crown land.1996 Wik decision establishes principle of native title alongside pastoral leases.1998 Report into the Stolen Generations (Aborigines removed from their parents) handed down.2000 of Reconciliation Council.2000 250,000 people attend Walk for Reconciliation in Sydney.2005 Aboriginal and Torres Islander Commission is abolished and replaced by the National Indigenous Council.2005 PM Kevi Rudd gives his “sorry” speech to apologise to the Aboriginal people for past wrongs.

70,000 - 40, 000 years ago

Reconciliation Timeline


1761 - Madame Marie Tussauds is born Anna Maria Grosholtz in Strasbourg, France. Her mother works as a housekeeper to the physician and famous wax modeller, Dr. Philippe Curtis who trains Marie in the skills of wax modelling.

1778- At the age of 17, Marie models a wax figure of Voltaire from a sitting in Paris. In 1780 she is invited to be the art tutor to the French Royal Household and in 1878 she models figures of King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette.

1789 – The French Revolution begins. In 1793 Marie is commanded to make death masks from the guillotined head of King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette. A year later Marie is imprisoned but her sculpting skills save her from the guillotine and she is released to make Robespierre’s death mask.

1795 – Marie marries Francois Tussaud who gives her little besides two sons, Joseph (born in 1798) and Francis (born in 1800) and a name destined for fame.

1801 – Marie has a sitting with Napoleon. As Marie takes the life cast of his face she asks him not to be alarmed – he replies “Alarmed! I should not be alarmed if you were to surround my head with loaded pistols!”

1802- At the age of 41, Madame Tussaud seizes the chance to explore new opportunities in London. Marie never sees France again. For 33 years she stages collection of wax figures in every major town and city in the United Kingdom, even enduring a shipwreck when she tries to take her exhibition to Ireland in 1822.

1835 – The exhibition settles in London where Madam Tussauds and her sons set up the “Chamber of Horrors”, exploiting her experience of French Revolution. Marie continues to add to her collection of relics and wax figures. In 1842 she creates her final figure, as self-portrait, at the age of 81.

1850 – On 15th April, Madame Tussaud passes away aged 88 years old. The exhibition continues under the control of her two sons Joseph and Francis. In 1884 her grandson moves the exhibition to the current London site. The landmark is damaged by fire in 1925 and World War II bombing in 1940, but still stands and is London’s most popular attraction.

1970 onwards – In the spirit of Madame Tussauds we take our wax figures all over the world and open attractions in London, Amsterdam, Las Vegas, Hong Kong, New York, Shanghai, Washington D.C., Berlin, Hollywood, Bangkok, Vienna, Blackpool, Tokyo, Sydney….

History of Madame Tussauds Timeline


Madame Tussaud

Admiral Arthur Phillips

Queen Elizabeth II



This resource will guide you through the history of Madame Tussauds, and how a woman who was born just over 250 years ago has left a legacy through her unique talent of replicating figures using wax. Using the information on display during your visit to Madame Tussauds Sydney to answer the following questions and learn about this remarkable woman.

1. What year was Madame Tussaud born?

2. Where was she born?

3. What was her name when she was born?

4. How old was Marie when she made a model of Voltaire? What year was this?

5. What year did the French Revolution begin?

6. In 1973, Marie was commanded to make death masks of two people, who were they?

7. What would happen to Marie if she did not make these death masks?

8. What would happen to the death masks that Marie would make?

9. In what year, and who did Marie marry?

10. How old was Marie when she moved to London?

11. What event happened to Marie in 1822?

12. What wax figure did Marie create in 1842?

13. Maire created wax figures that moved (breathed), which recent wax figure also moved (breathed) in Madame Tussauds London?

14. When did Marie die? How old was she?

15. When did the exhibition move to the current Baker Street location in London?

16. What happened in 1925 and 1940 to the exhibition?

17. In total, how many Madame Taussaud exhibitions are there?

18. In what year did Madame Tussauds Sydney open?

Student resource

Madame Tussaud

Queen Elizabeth II

Admiral Arthur Phillips



Teacher resource - Answers

The aim of this activity is to guide students through the history of Madame Marie Tussauds and a lady with a unique talent was able to create wax models that still fascinate the public today. Below, you will find the student questions along with the answers, taken directly from the information boards and from the film clips you will find in the room.

1. What year was Madame Tussaud born? 1761 - Madame Marie Tussauds is born.2. Where was she born? Strasbourg, France. 3. What was her name when she was born? Anna Maria Grosholtz.4. How old was Marie when she made a model of Voltaire? What year was this? 1778- At the age of 17, Marie models a wax figure of Voltaire5. What year did the French Revolution begin? 1789 – The French Revolution begins.6. In 1973, Marie was commanded to make death masks of two people, who were they? In 1793 Marie is commanded to make death masks from the guillotined head of King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette.7. What would happen to Marie if she did not make these death masks? Marie would have executed by the guillotine (answer on film).8. What would happen to the death masks that Marie would make? The death masks were put on spikes, to act as a deterrent (answer on film).9. In what year, and who did Marie marry? 1795 – Marie marries Francois Tussaud.10. How old was Marie when she moved to London? 1802- At the age of 41, Madame Tussaud seizes the chance to explore new opportunities in London.11. What event happened to Marie in 1822? Marie endured a shipwreck when she tried to take her exhibition to Ireland in 1822.12. What wax figure did Marie create in 1842? In 1842 she creates her final figure, as self-portrait, at the age of 81.13. Marie created wax figures that moved (breathed), which recent wax figure also moved (breathed) in Madame Tussauds London? Britney Spears (answer on film).14. When did Marie die? How old was she? 1850 – On 15th April, Madame Tussaud passes away aged 88 years old.15. When did the exhibition move to the current Baker Street location in London? In 1884 her grandson moves the exhibition to the current London site.16. What happened in 1925 and 1940 to the exhibition? The landmark is damaged by fire in 1925 and World War II bombing in 1940.17. In total, how many Madame Taussaud exhibitions are there? 14 - Attractions in London, Amsterdam, Las Vegas, Hong Kong, New York, Shanghai, Washington D.C., Berlin, Hollywood, Bangkok, Vienna, Blackpool, Tokyo, Sydney….18. In what year did Madame Tussauds Sydney open? 2012

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