maersk pilot fuel switch initiative - west coast collaborative
TRANSCRIPT
2 April 2008Lee KindbergDirector, Environment
Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
jai
26 Oct 2007NAM HSEQ
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
From: Bunker 2.5% sulfur To: MDO 0.1% sulfur
California:• Auxiliary - 24nm from coast
• Voluntary to <0.2%• More than complies with
CA aux. engine rule• Main engine - 24nm from port
Vancouver & Tacoma:• Voluntary • MDO while at dock
Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller stands on the dock at Pier 400 in Los Angeles with the Sine Maersk at berth behind him. The vessel was the first to perform a fuel switch as part of a Maersk Line pilot environmental
initiative in California.
Maersk West Coast Air Quality InitiativeVoluntary program reduces air emissions
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
AgendaWhy Take This Step?Emissions ReductionsProgram Status and StatisticsEngine Types – Maersk Owned Vessels Fuels Carried Onboard and Fuel AvailabiltyProgram Costs Crew TrainingChallengesCurrent Emissions Reduction InitiativesContact Details
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
Applicability
Main & Auxiliary Engines change from ’bunker’ fuel to LSDO with Sulfur content below 0.2%
All Maersk vessels calling CaliforniaIn and outbound
24 NM from arrival port for main engine24NM from California baseline (RCW) for auxiliary engines (may be much farther from port)
In PortPhase-in started with Sine Maersk March 31, 2006
All vessels at dock in Vancouver and TacomaStarted in 2007
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
ReasonsMaersk Line’s response to increased pressure to install Cold Ironing
Immediate emission reductions for the Ports of Los Angeles & Oakland
Mobile solution, rapid implementation
No expensive shore infrastructure required
Does not shift emissions to other power sources or locations
Part of Maersk’s ongoing evaluation of initiatives for environmentally responsible operation
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
Emissions Reductions
760 tons vessel-related emission reductions annually with over 1100 tons reduced through 31 Dec 07
SOx 95 %PM 86 %NOx 11 %
Data based on Year 2007 Vessel Calls at Los Angeles and Oakland Ports
P e rc e nt E mission R e duc t ionsM a e rsk In it ia t ive
Los Ange le s a nd O a kla nd P ort s
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
1.10
SOX NOX PM
P ollut ant s
HFOMaersk Initiative
SOx NOx PM
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
Number of vessels 105 different vessels (through 31 Dec 07)Owned and charter participate.
Number of fuel switchings carried out
577 reported fuel switches (2 Apr 06 - 31 Dec 07)
Consumption of LSDO per Switch – Main &
Auxiliary Engines
27.3 MT (Based on fuel consumption 02 Apr 06 – 31 Dec 07)
Fuel sulfur content averages: HFO 2.50% S LSDO 0.13% S
Reductions Achieved compared to burning
Residual Fuels
Total Emissions: Approx. 1130 tons through December 31, 2007PM: 86%SOx: 95%NOx: 11% (from NOx-Reduction mode in Auxiliary Engines)
Data analysis by ENVIRON .
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
Main Engines – Maersk Owned Vessels
MAN B&W 12K90MC10K90MC-C
Sulzer Wartzila12RTA96C12RT-flex96C9RTA84C
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
Auxiliary Engines – Maersk Owned Vessels
MAN B&WHoleby 7L32/40Holeby 8L28/32Hyundai 8L27/38
Sulzer Wartzila6R32E
Daihatsu6DK-32
MAK Caterpillar6M32C
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
Fuels Carried Onboard
Residual Fuels RMH 380 / 700RMK 380 / 700
Distillate Fuels -DMX – for Emergency Generator & Lifeboat EnginesDMADMB
Vessels equipped with separate service tanks for Residual and Distillate fuels
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
LSDO Availability (as of Oct. 2008)
Sourcing is handled globally by Maersk Bunker US West Coast
Mainly Los Angeles & OaklandNo Problems in sourcingGood Quality – Inland DistillateMain Supplier – Chemoil – Approx. 80% Volume – Price DrivenAverage Stem 200 MT
Far EastJapan – Available – ExpensiveSingapore / Hongkong – Difficult to source
EuropeRotterdam – Difficult to source – Expensive when available
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
Fuel Switching Summary
Summary of Sulfur Content of MDO FuelLos Angeles and Oakland Ports, April 2006 - April 2007
Maersk Inc.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
< 0.01% 0.02% 0.05% 0.10% 0.20% 0.30% 2.00%
Sulfur Content of MDO Fuel
Freq
uenc
y of
Ves
sel C
alls
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
Crew Training
Crew advised to follow change over procedure as per engine manufacturer instructions
Change over considered ’Normal Engineering Practice’
No special training provided
Maersk crews are trained to ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
Challenges
No significant problems encountered to date on vessels due to fuel switch.
Care required in switchingEngines run on LSDO for short periods of timeSome fuel pump issues
In case of longer running, manufacturers suggest change over of cylinder lubrication oil with lower base number.
Timely data collection was especially challenging in the early months, and still represents a challenge.
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
Costs and ImplementationNo capital investment required – vessel or port
Rapid implementation (weeks vs. years)
No personnel safety or training issues
BUT:Fuel cost differential is substantial
Some care needed in switch
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
Current Emission Reduction InitiativesSlide valves
MAN main enginesImproves the combustion processReduces visible smoke and PMLess maintenance(less fuel oil consumption/CO2 emisson)
SIP cylinder lubrication systemReduces cylinder oil consumptionReduces PM emission
Waste Heat Recovery system10% more mechanical energy outputLarge and complex installation10% reduction in all emissions; SOx, PM, NOx & CO2Hot exhaust gas -> steam -> electricity -> electric motors
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
Current Emission Reduction Initiatives
Electronically controlled injection in enginesImproved combustion in low-load conditionNo visible smoke – less PM emissionLess fuel oil consumption due to better combustion
Voyage Efficiency SystemSharing of sea current data between shipsVoyage optimization based on input from MET services, sea current and other sourcesLess fuel oil consumption due to less distance traveled at high speed
Maersk Ship Performance SystemMonitor propeller and hull efficiencyOptimize hull and propeller cleaning intervalsMonitor trim optimizationMonitor engine performance
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
Current Emission Reduction InitiativesSelective Catalytic Reduction
Test installation on one aux. engine in one shipMonitored with regard to efficiency in port areas / low load situationsMixed results in combination with low-sulphur distillate operation
Emission & Energy Saving Project
Identification of areas where fuel can be saved by optimization of processesSignificant savings obtained by monitoring buffer time build up during transit
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Maersk Pilot Fuel Switch Initiative
Contact Information
Lee KindbergDirector, Environment
Health, Safety, Environment & QualityMAERSK INC.
6000 Carnegie BoulevardCharlotte NC 28209-4637
e-mail: [email protected]
(704) 571-2693
Jai K. AlimchandaniManager, Regulatory Affairs
Technical OrganisationA.P. Moller – Maersk
50 EsplanadenDK 1098 Copenhagen
Denmark
+1 310 525 9454+45 2361 3919