MAINTAINING CULTURE • Social Control

• Cultural Values and Norms

• Roles, Status and Role Behaviour, Role

Conflict

• Positive, Negative, Formal and Informal

Sanctions

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SOCIAL CONTROLNorms

Expected behaviour associated with a rolehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x8Vj3otRr4Q&safe=active http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kgso3Y-l0h8&playnext=1&list=PL66E98572FF386A50&feature=results_video

Folkways are informal norms that are common practices of societyIn our culture things like table manners, personal hygiene, and ways of dress are folkwaysThe introduction of the car produced the associated folkways of men opening the door for female passengers, and the methods of allowing traffic to merge http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xc8KrA7Litk

SOCIAL CONTROLMores

Norms that have great moral significance associated with them concerned with values that society views as importantIf a person violates, he or she risks social disapproval or social rejection http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wUyXVh7YzvE Mores can change over time Acceptable male and female interaction has changed considerably since your grandparents were dating http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AgOwRQlsyNo

SOCIAL CONTROLTaboos

is the ultimate prohibition of an action based on the belief that such behavior is either too sacred or too accursed for ordinary individuals to undertakeSigmund Freud posited that incest and patricide were the only two universal taboos and formed the basis of civilization.However, although cannibalism, in-group murder, and incest are taboo in the majority of societies, modern research has found exceptions for each and no taboo is presently known to be universalhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s6mmZPZ3-Mg

SOCIAL CONTROLTaboos

changing social customs and standards also create new taboos, such as bans on slavery; prohibitions on alcohol, tobacco, or psychopharmaceutical consumption among pregnant womenhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cO2am5gxPbE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=12OAr0lt4bk

SOCIAL CONTROL

LawsFormal norms determined by governments and supported by punishmentsCover a wide range of issues from jay-walking to robberyInterpretation is complex but in our society one is innocent until proven guilty

ROLES AND STATUShttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FuegyXaWFX4

Ascribed rolesA position or role one is born intoEx: gender, birth order, heir to the throne, family relations

Achieved rolesA position in society one earns on meritRoberta Bondar worked her way to becoming the fist Canadian women in space

ROLES AND STATUSRole Behaviour

The actual behaviour of one who plays a roleActual behaviour may vary based on the degree of commitmentAll people violate the expectations of their roles from time to timeNot all soldiers are brave, not all teachers are kind, not all policemen are fair and honestHowever certain roles, due to their status carry a higher expectation for appropriate behaviourhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UEmjwR0Rs20

ROLES AND STATUSRole Conflict http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2WGNAwdkoGo

A normal person plays a great variety of roles, and these roles can be conflicting

Often we are aware of these conflictsYour example study, or hang out with your friendsMy example teacher versus principalAlso teacher versus parent

Role Failure Fail to achieve the role that is their goal

Do not get accepted into post secondaryFail the entrance exam for your trade or professionMarriage failure, divorce http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qqqf7upQOo8

SANCTIONS IN SOCIETYSanctions

Rewards or punishments used to enforce conformity to normsIn childhood, getting picked first or last are examples of a sanction in gym classIn the workforce getting a promotion or bonus, getting a demotion or fired are examplesSanction may be defined as either physical or psychological depending on their nature

SANCTIONS IN SOCIETY http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rx8fEZFrxl8

Physical SanctionsRelate to a persons body or physical health and well beingIn sports examples would be running lines based on missing a certain number of free throws

Psychological SanctionsRelate to a person’s emotions and how one feelsAn in school suspension is a psychological sanction, grounding would be another example

SANCTIONS IN SOCIETYFormal Sanctions

Rewards or punishments given by a formal body such as government, police, employer or schoolPositive Formal Sanctions

Graduation certificates, honour role, raises, promotions

Negative Formal SanctionsTraffic fines, jail time, in-school suspension, expulsion, demoted or fired

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j6I67rMP_lw

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DUKLOI2acZo

SANCTIONS IN SOCIETYInformal Sanctions

Spontaneous expressions or approval or disapproval by an individual or group of individualsPositive Informal Sanctions

Smiles, compliments, giftsNegative Informal Sanctions

Frowns, reprimands, being ignoredhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IpHcTGXy76I&playnext=1&list=PL6D00E500911FC5B5&feature=results_video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rWoD2sQ9LiU

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cDaFcQJC4z8

THE TAO OF BULL DURHAM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A6FHzPaZJ_Y

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KeVca9MwDX8

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=euHfP6X_axY

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7HP59H1YibI

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DzX_K9pX3X0

THE TAO OF LINH DO•In this talk, Linh Do asks some important questions: What is normal? And how abnormal do we have to be to effect social change? •19-year-old Linh Do is the founder of Change and Switch in Australia. •Four years ago, Linh initiated the Change a Million Light Bulbs project in Melbourne to get people to switch from incandescent to LED or compact fluorescent light bulbs.•The project later went Australia-wide under the name Change and Switch and, as of November 2009, incandescent light bulbs are no longer for sale in Australia.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=32GPv32hkHE&list=PL66E98572FF386A50