malmö snapshot 2012 annual report
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Facts and figures on trade and industry in Malmö, SwedenTRANSCRIPT
Malmö SnapshotFacts and figures on trade and industry in Malmö
ANNUAL REPORT
A summary from the Malmö City Office, 2012
Did you know that... ...in twenty years, Malmö's inhabitants have become three years younger? Page 11 ...8 new companies were started every day in Malmö in 2011? Page 16
...the number of people with their workplace in Malmö is at an all time high? Page 18
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ContentsContentsIn 2011, Malmö passed the 300,000 inhabitants mark. Wonderful news. Malmö grew for the 27th year in a row.
Malmö´s 2012 structure plan will be one of the guiding lights we follow, since we are counting on the population increasing in twenty years' time by a further 100,000 inhabitants and 50,000 new workplaces. This is exciting and challenging for our city. Malmö is expanding today at a rate of eight new companies every day, all year round, and the city has a workforce of 154,000 people. Naturally, this sets requirements for our growth to be sustainable and inclusive.
The global credit institution Standard & Poor's gave Malmö its highest possible credit rating – AAA. It also emphasised that
"Malmö shows a rapid development of the local economy under good management". The future looks bright!
In June 2012, the ground breaking ceremony took place for our new convention center and concert hall. This will give Malmö yet another landmark, in the best location, at walking distance from the Central Station and City Tunnel. This facility will undoubtedly contribute to making Malmö an even more attractive city.
As if to prove this, at the time of writing we have just received a press release from SVT, which has decided that the 2013 Eurovision Song Contest will be held in Malmö! On 14-18 May 2013, performers from around 40 countries will compete in the Malmö Arena. With 2,000-3,000 journalists on site for two weeks, and hundreds of millions of TV viewers, this is a unique opportunity to show off our fine city.
However, before that, we have the opening of one of Scandinavia's most international shopping centres – Emporia, with approximately 100,000 sq m of shopping and 3,000 employees located in Hyllie, the Öresund region's most environmentally-friendly urban district. It is planned that the Hyllie district, when it is fully constructed, will provide 9,000 jobs and nearly as many homes.
This is just one of many aspects creating excellent conditions for Malmö to be a truly great city in which to live and do business. Pehr Andersson Director, Trade and Industry Agency, City of Malmö
A snapshot of Malmö
Pehr Andersson Director, Trade and Industry Agency, City of Malmö
In this report, we have summarised facts and figures that present Malmö's trade and industry. These will give those interested in Malmö a picture of how the city is developing.
Region
- Planned projects
- Commuting
- Infrastructure
Population- Population increase
- Age distribution
- Universities
- Basic facts
Growth - Housing construction
- Unemployment
- New enterprises
- Turnover
Corporate structure- Number of workplaces
- Legal forms of enterprises
- Foreign workplaces
- Business promotion initiatives
- Malmö's profile areas
Workforce- Workforce, daytime population
- Geographical development
- By industry
- Industry development
» The report is available in Swedish and English.
» Read and download a digital version from our website www.malmobusiness.com/en, where you will also find further information and presentations.
A clear picture of Malmö
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A city in transition
Interest in Malmö is high and there is a lot of activity in the city. Many players recognize Malmö's potential and are eager to invest in Malmö's future.
» Emporia shopping centre
» Convention centre, concert hall and hotel
» University expansion (qtr. Niagara)
» Redevelopment and extension of several shopping centres - Triangeln, Mobilia and Caroli City
» Legal centre
» IKEA - new offices for global staff functions and training centre
» Development of Skåne University Hospital (SUS)
» Continued expansion of Västra Hamnen
» Continued expansion of Hyllie
» Expansion of Norra Sorgenfri Emporia shopping centre European Spallation Source
A tunnel between Denmark and germany
The Fehmarn belt tunnel will be constructed between Denmark and Germany and it is estimated to be complete in 2021. The tunnel will link Scandinavia with the continent and will reduce travel times considerably.
The Öresund bridge has played an important role in the integration and growth of the Öresund region and it is forecast that the tunnel will have a similar significance for a competitive, new, major, economic region.
Several major investments have been completed in Malmö in recent years, such as:
Visions for the future. » Metro between Malmö in Sweden and
Copenhagen in Denmark. Via a tunnel under the Öresund strait, the metro trip will take approximately 15 minutes. A metro would relieve the Öresund bridge, which is expected to receive increased goods traffic when the fixed link between Denmark and Germany is completed. An investigation is under way, which will be completed in Autumn 2013.
If the proposal is considered to be positive, a metro system could be finished in the late 2020s.
» Ring line in Malmö (Continental line + City Tunnel + 2 new stations)
» Trams in Malmö
two new important research facilities under way
Both will be constructed in Lund, 20 km north of Malmö. In addition to exciting new research opportunities, the facilities will generate further job opportunities and more growth in the region.
MAX iV is a synchrotron radiation laboratory. 2,000 researchers from around the world are expected to use the facility each year. Opens in 2015.
the eSS (European Spallation Source) will be the world's foremost material research facility using neutrons. A collaboration between 17 European countries. Opens in 2019.
A selection of planned and ongoing projects: Sketch: Imagix
The City Tunnel, including two new stations and expansion of Malmö Central
Photography: Leif Johansson X-RAY Malmö Arena
Photography: Leif Johansson X-RAY Swedbank Stadium
Photography: CMP Norra Hamnen
Image of Diligentia's area Masthusen, in the heart of Västra Hamnen,
where 18 new quarters are being built
Sketch: Midroc New exhibition centre in Hyllie
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The Eurovision Song Contest will be held in Malmö in May 2013
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The Öresund region
the regiOn
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The Öresund region is the largest and most densely populated metropolitan area in the Nordic countries.
The Öresund region covers parts of two countries, Sweden and Denmark, with easy access between the countries via the Öresund bridge, which was opened on 1 July 2000. This 16-kilometre long link is located between Malmö and Copenhagen.
» The Öresund region includes Skåne in Sweden and Zealand, Mön, Lolland-Falster and Bornholm in Denmark
» 3.7 million inhabitants (1.2 million on the Swedish side and 2.5 million on the Danish side)
» 25% of Sweden and Denmark's population live in the Öresund region
» The largest Nordic regional labour market, with 1.85 million people
» The region represents 26% of the countries' total GNP
» Around 240,000 companies (2009)
» More than 160,000 students at the region's colleges and universities (2009)
» In 2023, the population is expected to exceed 4 million inhabitants
When the Fehmarn belt tunnel, which is a fixed link between Denmark and Germany, is completed in 2021, it will open the way for a competitive extended region. Travel and transport times will reduce significantly and positive effects are expected in terms of integration, growth, the number of potential jobs, tourism, research and culture.
In Malmö's new structure plan and Copenhagen's new "municipality plan", the cities describe their joint role as motors for regional development. Development strategies and areas are described jointly. These two politically adopted plans signal the close collaboration between the two cities, and that they should be seen in a single context by citizens and industry alike.
the Öresund region is growing into a major economic region
Close collaboration across the strait
Good infrastructure » Copenhagen International Airport (Kastrup) is easily accessible
by car or rail. The rail trip takes 21 minutes from Malmö Central Station
» Trains from Malmö bound for Copenhagen airport and the city centre depart every 10 minutes during rush hours. At other times, trains depart every 20 minutes
» Malmö Airport is 30 kilometres east of the city. An airport bus is available, and takes 40 minutes
» Malmö has one of Sweden's largest ports for goods. The port is a combined goods and passenger harbour. A comprehensive expansion project has recently been carried out with new areas, terminals and a logistics centre
» The new City Tunnel, since its opening in 2010, has given Malmö an even better infrastructure and two new stations. Commuting times for a number of routes were shortened and ease of movement in the region was increased still further
» The city has two ring roads (Outer and Inner Ring Road), which allow efficient logistics
» The proximity to a well-developed road and railway network makes it easy to transport goods and people, both within Sweden and to Scandinavia and Europe
Port of Malmö
Inner Ring Road
Hyllie Station
Triangeln Station
Malmö Central Station
Svågertorp Station
Outer Ring Road
Öresund bridge, Copenhagen Inter- national Airport
Malmö Airport (Sturup)
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» Malmö is located in a mobile region where everything is nearby. Distances are short and it is easy to move about
» 60,968 people commuted to Malmö from other municipalities in Sweden (domestic inbound commuting 2010)
» 27,706 people commuted to other municipalities in Sweden from Malmö (domestic outbound commuting 2010)
» For several years, commuting has increased in both directions and has contributed to a mobile region
» The communications are good in the region. In December 2010, the City Tunnel in Malmö was inaugurated, further improving commuting options
» Large local labour markets contribute to increased flexibility, benefiting both companies and citizens. Companies have better opportunities to find the right expertise and the individual citizen has a wider choice in the labour market
Domestic commuting inbound commuters 2010
43%
57%
Men
Women
Women43%
Men57%
Outbound commuters 2010
43%
57%
Men
Women
Women43%
Men57%
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Outbound commuting (from Malmö) Inbound commuting (to Malmö)
19,150 vehicles per day crossed the bridge Traffic levels increased until 2008 and have since stayed at the same level. In 2011, a total of 6,988,157 vehicles (cars, trucks, buses etc.) crossed the bridge.
» 17,300 people commuted daily by train or car across the Öresund Bridge (2011). A reduction of 2.3% compared to the previous year and an increase of 26% over five years. The highest level was reached in 2009; since then commuting has reduced somewhat
» 60% commuted by train and 40% by car
» 94% commuted to work and 6% to study
» The majority commuted from Sweden to Denmark – 94% live in Skåne
» Many Danes have settled in Malmö, due to the difference in house prices between the countries, and a large number of Swedes work in Copenhagen
» Around 11,000 people commuted from Malmö to Denmark (2009)
40%
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Commuters by car
Commuters by train
Students by train
Commuters by hydrofoil
The bridge was 10 years old last year!
Commuting over the Öresund bridge
Photography: Leif Johansson X-RAY Malmö Central Station
Öresund Bridge
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In Malmö, a thriving commercial life and university is combined with a good quality of life and a rich range of activities. This is attracting many new residents to the city, which is growing every year.
A growing city
» With 302,835 inhabitants, Malmö is Sweden's third largest city (31 Dec. 2011)
» The population increased by 3,872 people (+1.3%) in 2011. Both net birth and net migration are positive
» Malmö's population grew for the 27th year in a row
» In 20 years, Malmö's population has increased by 68,000 residents (29%). The largest increases have taken place in the age groups 0-5 and 25-39 years
» In 2026, Malmö-Lund is expected to have half a million inhabitants
» Young city – nearly half of the population is under the age of 35 (48%)
» 75% of households are small households with one or two people (2009)
» 30% of the city's inhabitants were born abroad – the largest groups were born in Iraq and Denmark
» 175 countries are represented and around 150 languages
On 1 April 2011 Malmö passed the
300 000 inhabitants
mark In twenty years, the average inhabitant of Malmö has become three years younger. The most typical resident of Malmö today is a 29 year-old woman or a 30 year-old man.
Population by age group and sex (2011) Percentage age distribution
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Age 0-9 10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 90+
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Malmö's population 1968-2011
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302 835 people
31 Dec. 2011
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Photography: Leif Johansson X-RAY Photography: Leif Johansson X-RAY
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Universities and colleges
In Malmö, there are around 26,000 university students.
Malmö university: » Is Sweden's ninth largest seat of learning
and the largest college
» Established 1 July 1998
» Has 24,000 students (2011) (13,173 full-time students). When it started in 1998, the university had 5,000 students
» Offers around 100 education programmes and 500 courses
» Located in central Malmö
Malmö also offers opportunities to study at the Art Academy, the Academy of Music and the Theatre Academy.
The World Maritime University has been located in Malmö since1983. This is a unit that, in organisational terms, is under the supervision of the United Nations (UN).
Metropolitan areas attract highly trained people » 30% of Malmö's population (25-64 years)
have at least a three-year tertiary education. The corresponding figure for Sweden as a whole is 24%. This puts Malmö in 17th place of 290 municipalities according to Statistics Sweden (2011)
» Newly graduated university students prefer to live in metropolitan areas after they have completed their studies, according to a report from the Swedish National Agency for Higher Education and Statistics Sweden (2010)
Basic facts & regional accounts
» Malmö's gross regional product (GRP) amounted to SEK 114,362 million in 2008 (+61% in ten years). It is above all the service production that has increased. GRP per capita was SEK 403,000
» Total disposable income in Malmö was SEK 41,936 million (+53% in ten years). Disposable income per capita was SEK 148,000
» The total wage bill for Malmö was SEK 46,044 million (+56% in ten years). In particular, a large positive development in wages has taken place in service production
gross regional Product (grP) per capita, current prices, Sek thousand
Disposable income per capita, current prices, Sek thousand
gross regional Product (grP) in Malmö by industry, Sek million
wages by industry in Malmö, current prices, Sek million
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Public auth. and household's non-pro�t org.Photography: Leif Johansson X-RAY
Malmö University
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10 interesting key figures
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Malmö is doing well and the development is monitored continuously by 10 key performance indicators. This positive development was rewarded when the city received the prize of Growth Municipality of the Year 2009*.
* The Growth Municipality of the Year prize is awarded by Arena för Tillväxt and SWECO Eurofutures
» Never before have so many tourists visited Malmö – 2011 was in many respects a record year. The tourism industry in Malmö had a turnover of SEK 6.8 billion in 2011, an increase of 15% compared to 2010
» 1.5 million visitors stayed overnight in Malmö in 2011. They stayed on average 2.21 nights per visit, which gave 3.3 million overnight stays. In addition, 5.5 million day trips were made to Malmö (excluding trips to/from work and school)
» There were 1,215,950 overnight stays in Malmö's hotels, 66,599 in the city's hostels and around 107,000 at Malmö's only camp site. There was a record for commercial overnight stays, which showed the highest level ever, at around 1,390,000 overnight stays
» Approximately 28% of the guests who stay at hotels and hostels are international visitors and 72% are Swedish visitors
» On average, the accommodation revenue per hotel room sold was SEK 867, an increase of 1% compared to 2010
» Tourism generates employment, and during 2011 provided the equivalent of 4,758 full time jobs in Malmö
Guest night = each overnight guest
» Several new office buildings have been completed in 2011 while, at the same time, the vacancy rate has reduced somewhat, amounting to 6.6%. The Prime Rent level for office premises in the CBD (Central Business District) has increased somewhat to SEK 2,050/sq m/year
» Malmö has, once again, a large and functional exhibition centre with conference facilities, located just to the north of Malmö Arena in Hyllie. The exhibition centre has an area of approximately 20,000 sq m and has been developed by Midroc and it is operated by Artexis Nordic
» Adjoining Västra Hamnen, Wihlborgs completed Media Evolution City in late 2011. It provides a dynamic innovative environment for companies involved with film, TV, communications, computer games and mobile platforms
» Several new office projects are under development. In 2011, construction began on a number of large projects, such as Point Hyllie stage 2, Fullriggaren and Koggen II in Västra Hamnen, Fören in Dockan and Bassängkajen II on Universitetsholmen
Multi-dwelling building = building with at least 3 separate apartments. The maximum number is unlimited.
» During 2011, 1,066 new homes were completed; 79% in multi-dwelling buildings and 21% in single-family homes
» The number of homes started reduced, while the number of newly built homes increased. Above all, the number of multi-dwelling buildings completed increased
» In the autumn, the world's financial anxieties once again made themselves felt and housing construction in Malmö slowed. The number of homes started during 2011 ended up at around 1,200
» Despite this reduction, there are good conditions for an increase in the number of new starts in 2012. In addition to housing in completed detailed plans from 2011, there are also detailed plans, which were completed in 2010, where construction has not yet started. In addition there are around 800 homes with planning permission granted, the construction of which has not yet started. The construction of the majority of these can begin in 2012.
» Despite these figures, there is great uncertainty regarding the number of new starts during 2012, due to the global financial situation. This is above all reflected in cooperative flats and single-family homes, while construction of rental units will probably continue as planned.
Number of employees = daytime population, i.e. the number of people employed in Malmö (exc. owners of sole proprietorships) who earned at least one basic amount per year, or worked as temporary employees for more than 3 months.
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Vacancy rate Malmö/Lund
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Number of employees
The quarterly development for the 10 key performance
indicators is published on our website in
spring and autumn
» There were 149,825 employees in Malmö in 2011. The number of employees had increased by 2,373 or 1.6% compared to the previous year.
» The number of employees in Malmö increased, despite the financial worries in Europe and across the world.
» Over recent years, an increase has taken place in areas such as social units, travel and tourist agencies, and in electricity and heating plants. There has been a major decrease in the construction industry but also in publishing
» The number of employees in Malmö has increased by 20% in 10 years. A long-term positive development can be seen within business services, IT and computer consultants, commerce, education and within the hotel and restaurant industry. Meanwhile, there is a downward trend in manufacturing and the agriculture/forestry/fishing industry.
» It is above all the number of employees in the enterprise form represented by foreign legal persons that has increased the most in percentage terms, but municipalities, foundations and economic associations also show an increase. County Council employment shows a reduction
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New enterprises = completely newly started, or business that resumed after dormancy of at least two years
Industry = SNI code B+C i.e. "extraction of minerals" and "manufacturing". 2012 = forecast
Population Malmö Population Skåne Population Sweden
Workforce Malmö Workforce Skåne Workforce Sweden
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Turnover, exc. VAT
new vacanciesunemployment new enterprises bankruptcies industrialinvestments
turnover
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grOwth
» In 2011, turnover amounted to SEK 255 billion, which is the highest amount during the measurement period
» After several years of strong growth, turnover dropped in 2009-2010 due to the economic downturn. In 2011, turnover in Malmö increased again and is now at a higher level than during the record years of 2006-2008
» During the last 10 years, turnover in Malmö has increased by 51%
» Sectors that have shown a strong increase in turnover during recent years are 'technical consultancy agencies and analysis companies', 'sport, leisure and entertainment facilities', and 'insurance companies and pension funds'
» Other sectors that have shown an increase are 'recruitment and employment companies', 'industry', 'artistic, cultural and entertainment businesses', 'electricity and heating plants', and 'veterinary clinics'
» One sector where turnover has decreased significantly during both 2010 and 2011 is the construction industry
Average per year. People in the 16-64 age group who are registered at the Employment Service in per cent of the registered workforce. (1997-2010 = per cent of population)
» A review of the 2000s shows that unemployment was lowest in 2008. The global financial crisis and the subsequent recession led to a dramatic increase, with a peak in 2011
» The picture is the same in Malmö, regardless of whether unemployment is calculated in absolute figures, as a proportion of the workforce, or as a proportion of the population. The forecast is for some continued increase during 2012
» In autumn 2011, the Swedish Public Employment Service began to calculate unemployment as a proportion of the workforce. This gives a higher figure than as a proportion of the population
» The total number of unemployed people in Malmö, registered with the Swedish Public Employment Service, was on average just under 18,000 people in 2011, corresponding to 13.9% of the workforce
» For young people aged 18-24, the number of unemployed in 2011 was around 3,200 or 23.5% of the workforce
» Compared to 2010, unemployment increased by 0.1 per cent in Malmö for the 16-64 age group but decreased somewhat in Skåne and countrywide. For young people aged 18-24, unemployment decreased somewhat in both Malmö, Skåne and countrywide
grOwth
» 29,114 new vacancies were reported to the Public Employment Service in Malmö in 2011, an increase of 24% compared to the previous year
» On average, 80 new vacancies were reported every day throughout the year
» In 2011, the total number of newly reported vacancies showed an upturn again, after the financial crisis. But after summer 2011, the number of newly reported vacancies decreased, probably due to anxieties in the Euro zone and in the rest of the world. The number of vacancies was at a lower level than 2006 and 2007, but at a high level from a historical perspective
» The majority of sectors showed increased demand. The largest number of new vacancies were reported in the area 'rentals, property services, travel services and other support services'. The largest percentage increase compared to the previous year was shown by 'culture, entertainment, leisure & other service activities' and 'telecommunications', and in 'transport and storage'
» 'Public administration', 'transport equipment manufacturing', 'education' and 'healthcare and social services' showed the largest percentage reduction in demand
From 2010, the statistics are based on registration data instead of the direct collection of information. New activation criteria were applied, and a new calculation basis for those employed.
» Approximately 2,300 new enterprises are started each year (average over last 7 years. In 2011, 8 enterprises were started every day
» 3,068 new enterprises were started in Malmö in 2011. This is the highest number of newly started enterprises ever! (There was a change in the activation criteria in 2010, but regardless of this the figure is very high)
» 63% of the new enterprises were sole proprietorships and 31% were limited enterprises. An increase in limited enterprises
» The new enterprises employed 3,493 people (approximately 1.1 per company)
» The sectors that increased most during the year were hotels and restaurants, 'publishing, radio, TV, film, telecommunications', commerce and construction
» 15.1 enterprises per thousand inhabitants were started in Malmö. This compares to 20.0 for Stockholm, 13.7 for Gothenburg and 12.3 for Sweden as a whole. There is a strong entrepreneurial spirit in Malmö and for several years the city has been placed high in rankings for business creation in Sweden
» 68% of the enterprises started in Sweden in 2005 were still in business three years later (survival rate)
» For each company that goes into bankruptcy, 7 new companies are started (average over last 7 years)
» Approximately 310 bankruptcies per year. Fewer than one bankruptcy per day (average over last 7 years)
» The number of bankruptcies has dropped somewhat after the financial crisis in 2008, which resulted in a large number of bankruptcies in 2009 as a consequence. The level however is still relatively high
» A recovery after the financial crisis can also be observed in Sweden as a whole, and in Stockholm and Gothenburg, where the recovery has progressed somewhat further in terms of the number of bankruptcies
» 364 bankruptcies in Malmö in 2011, occurring within several sectors. An increase from the previous year can be noted within the hotels and restaurant industry, and within retail. Construction has not increased since the previous year, but remains at a high level
» In recent years, limited companies have been responsible for the increase. The increase is greatest in the group with 1-4 employees. The sectors that show an increased number of bankruptcies during the last five years are property companies, construction and transport and storage
» A strong increase in investments in Malmö during 2011. The investment level is the highest since measurements started
» Industry in Malmö invested SEK 953 million during 2011, which was an increase of 25% compared to the previous year. The largest percentage increase was shown in buildings and facilities.
» In Sweden as a whole, industrial investment increased by 6% compared to the previous year. Volume changes within industry have been mainly positive during 2011. The largest increase was in the textile industry. The paper and pulp as well as the steel and metal industries also showed large increases
» The forecast for Malmö for 2012 shows an investment level of SEK 963 million, i.e. investments are expected to remain at this very high level. A few months into 2012, the forecast had been revised downwards by SEK 50 million, but despite this lay at a high level
» For Sweden in total, the original forecast for 2012 showed an increase of 7% compared to 2011. The forecast is unaltered some months into 2012
0
400
800
1 200
1 600
2 000
2 400
2 800
2010 20112009200820072006200520042003200220012000199919981997
Previous calculation method Number of new enterprises
Number
POPulAtiOn AnD lAbOur MArket POPulAtiOn AnD lAbOur MArketCOntentSwOrkFOrCe
Growth and positive outlook on the future
18
workforce development, daytime population
Workforce (16+ years) with workplace in Malmö. The figures include both owners of sole proprietorships and employees in all forms of enterprise. RAMS SCB.
1960
1970
1980
1986
1988
1990
1994
1996
1998
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
1992
2000
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
Thousands
128
137140
146
118
143
149 149154151
111
2000 2009 2010Development
10 yearsDevelopment
vs. previous year
Stockholm 530 731 568 447 589 796 59 065 11% 21 349 3.8%
Gothenburg 264 846 293 807 300 886 36 040 14% 7 079 2.4%
Malmö 131 289 148 931 154 446 23 157 18% 5 515 3.7%
Lund 55 269 64 721 66 154 10 885 20% 1 433 2.2%
Helsingborg 55 876 61 986 63 343 7 467 13% 1 357 2.2%
Skåne 482 596 523 568 537 594 54 998 11% 14 026 2.7%
Sweden 4 051 870 4 280 743 4 392 720 340 850 8% 111 977 2.6%
geographical development, workforce
» Malmö shows a solid development in the size of the workforce
» The size of the workforce with its workplace in Malmö has increased by 18% in 10 years
Malmö has a flourishing commercial life with strong growth and great confidence in the future.
In the 1990s, Malmö went through a tough period in which several industries were closed down and the active workforce shrank. During this period, decisions were made to start the construction of the Öresund bridge (inaugurated in 2000) and to establish Malmö University (founded in 1998). Two of the many initiatives that have contributed to Malmö's transformation from an industrial town into a knowledge city.
» After a slight downturn in 2009, the workforce has increased again and is now at an all time high
» A workforce of 154,446 has its workplace in Malmö
» An increase of 3.7% compared to the previous year and an increase of 18% over ten years
» Over the last 10 years, it is primarily the areas business services and education that have increased. Manufacturing has decreased
wOrkFOrCe
19
» In Sweden as a whole, the size of the workforce has increased by 8% over a 10 year period. The corresponding figure for Stockholm is 11%, Gothenburg 14% and Skåne 11%
From industrial town to knowledge city
» Today, a large number of people work within various knowledge-intensive service sectors in Malmö. Only 7% work in manufacturing. This is a lower figure than for Sweden as a whole, where 14% work in manufacturing
» The largest proportion of Malmö’s workforce work in business services (16%), followed by commerce (15%), healthcare and social services (13%) and education (9%)
» Over half (53%) work in the four largest groups listed above
» Sweden as a whole differs from Malmö in terms of which areas have the highest workforce. In Sweden, the largest group is healthcare and social services (16%), followed by manufacturing (14%)
workforce by industry
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Percent, %
Business s
ervices
Commerce
Healthcare, so
cial se
rvices
Education
Manufacturin
g and extractio
n
Transport a
nd warehousing
Constructio
n activity
Informatio
n and communica
tion
Public administr
ation and defence
Cultural and perso
nal service
s
Hotels and resta
urants
Financia
l and insurance service
s
Real estate activ
ities
Energy supply,
environmental se
rvices
Agricultu
re, forestr
y and �sheries
Unknown business
Malmö Sweden
Sectors sorted in descending order of size. Workforce, daytime population 2010 (+16 years). RAMS SCB. SNI2007.
Photography: Leif Johansson X-RAY
POPulAtiOn AnD lAbOur MArket POPulAtiOn AnD lAbOur MArket
2120
COntentSwOrkFOrCe wOrkFOrCe
Industry trend (number of employees)
Percentage change 2009-2011 » The sectors that show the largest percentage increase in the
number of employees are 'public administration and defence', 'healthcare, social services', 'law, economics, science and technology', and 'hotels and restaurants'
» 'Education', 'energy, water, waste' and 'transport and warehousing' also show some increase
» Sectors that show a decrease are 'construction', 'agriculture/forestry/fishing', 'manufacturing' and 'information and communication'
long-term trendsDue to the changes in the division into sectors, it is not possible to make any detailed long-term analysis, but only to summarise the overall development in a few short comments:
» A positive long-term development can be noted within business services, IT and computer consultants, commerce, education and within hotels and restaurants
» A downward trend can be seen within manufacturing and agriculture/forestry/fishing
From 2009, the data is shown according to the new division into sectors. For this reason, there is a break in the time series in the graphs. Even in those cases where the sector name is the same, both before and after 2009, such as 'manufacturing', the underlying division
may have changed. Therefore, the data for the new and old divisions into sectors cannot be compared. We have chosen to retain and present the old definitions in order to give an impression of the long-term development.
1994-2008 SNI 2002, 2009-2011 SNI 2007 1994-2008 SNI 2002, 2009-2011 SNI 2007 1994-2008 SNI 2002, 2009-2011 SNI 2007 1994-2008 SNI 2002, 2009-2011 SNI 2007
'Other business services' includes, for example, legal, economic, architectural and technical consultancy activities, advertising and market research, staffing and recruitment, call centres, cleaning and other consultancy services to businesses.
The number of employees does not include owners of sole proprietorships, only the number of employees
Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Energy, water, waste etc.
0
2 000
4 000
6 000
8 000
10 000
12 000
14 000
16 000
18 000
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Manufacturing
Construction
0
2 000
4 000
6 000
8 000
10 000
12 000
14 000
16 000
18 000
20 000
22 000
24 000
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Commerce Transport and warehousing
Hotels and restaurants Culture and entertainment
Financial and insurance services Information and communication
IT and computer consultants Other business services
Rentals, property services,
travel services and other support services
Real estate and administrators
Law, economics, science and technology
0
2 000
4 000
6 000
8 000
10 000
12 000
14 000
16 000
18 000
20 000
22 000
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Education + R&D Public administration and defence
Healthcare, social services
0
2 000
4 000
6 000
8 000
10 000
12 000
14 000
16 000
18 000
20 000
22 000
24 000
26 000
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
POPulAtiOn AnD lAbOur MArket POPulAtiOn AnD lAbOur MArketCOntentSCOrPOrAte StruCture COrPOrAte StruCture
Many new enterprises are being started and already established enterprises are choosing to relocate their operations to Malmö. The number of workplaces has increased significantly and today's corporate structure comprises to a large extent small and medium sized companies.
Onward for entrepreneurship
2322
Data for November for the respective year. The increase is due to status rule changes made in 2010 and 2011 to adjust over and under coverage in the company register.
trends in the number of workplaces
0
5 000
10 000
15 000
20 000
25 000
30 000
35 000
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
0
20 000
40 000
60 000
80 000
100 000
120 000
140 000
160 000
Workplaces Employees
» Malmö had 149,825 employees spread across 32,323 workplaces
» The number of employees in Malmö has increased by 32% in 15 years
» The number of workplaces has increased by 72% in 15 years
the number of employees and workplaces has increased significantly
Legal form 1996 2011 Change 1996 2011 Change
Limited company 8 281 12 555 4 274 52% 72 835 96 860 24 025 33%Sole proprietorship 6 126 14 252 8 126 133% 759 1 939 1 180 155%General and limited partnership 1 953 2 185 232 12% 1 250 1 946 696 56%
Other, public sector 785 845 60 8% 29 997 40 263 10 266 34%
Other 1 672 2 486 814 49% 8 755 8 817 62 1%
total 18 817 32 323 13 506 72% 113 596 149 825 36 229 32%
The number of employees does not include owners of sole proprietorships, only the number of employees.
Sole proprietorship
General and limited partnership
Limited company
Other public sector
Other
43%
39%
7%
3%8%
workplaces employees
Definition of the number of employees = daytime population, i.e. the number of people employed in Malmö (exc. owners of sole proprietorships) who earned at least one basic amount per year, or who worked as temporary employees for more than 3 months
» 43% of the workplaces had the enterprise form sole proprietorship, and 39% belonged to the group limited companies, which are the two most widespread enterprise forms in Malmö
» The number of workplaces in the group sole proprietorships has more than doubled in 15 years and in the group limited companies the number has increased by 52%.
» The establishment of many new companies reflects the entrepreneurial spirit to be found in Malmö and the changes the city has undergone – from a structure with a number of large companies to one with many smaller companies
» The largest proportion of employees is to be found in limited companies. The number of employees in limited companies has increased by 33% in 15 years
The many new companies reflect the driving force present in Malmö
legal form of enterprise
Photography: Leif Johansson X-RAY
POPulAtiOn AnD lAbOur MArket POPulAtiOn AnD lAbOur MArket
0
200
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800
1 000
1 200
1 400
1 600
1 800
0
20 000
16 000
12 000
8 000
4 000
24 000
28 000
32 000
36 000
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Foreign-owned workplaces Employees in foreign-owned companies
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
0
4 000
8 000
12 000
16 000
20 000
24 000
28 000
32 000
36 000
2524
COntentSCOrPOrAte StruCture COrPOrAte StruCtureS
Processed data for foreign-owned companies in 2010 (source Swedish Agency for Growth Policy) is on the next page
» 69% were employed in the private sector and 31% in the public sector
» The number of employees has increased by 20% since 2002. The increase has occurred above all in the private sector
» Foreign-owned companies showed the largest increase in the number of employees; an increase of 71% since 2002. Among foreign-owned companies, there are also companies the public would consider Swedish but which are registered abroad
» Malmö's trade and industry is largely composed of small and medium-sized companies. This is the same structure as for Sweden as a whole
» A large proportion of the workplaces in Malmö have no employees
» Malmö has a mixed business community that includes many different sectors, which gives the city a solid and diversified base
» 97% of Swedish trade and industry consists of so-called micro enterprises with fewer than 10 employees, which represented nearly one quarter of trade and industry's added value in 2010. Large enterprises constituted scarcely a thousandth of the number of enterprises, but represented more than 40% of added value
Sector 0 employees 1-2 3-9 10-49 50-249 250-499 +500 Total
Farming, forestry and fishing 675 28 12 1 716
Manufacturing 622 171 213 130 45 2 1 1 184
Energy, water, waste etc. 44 14 12 16 9 2 97
Construction 1 026 379 200 140 39 2 1 786
Commerce 2 657 947 1 020 464 68 2 1 5 159
Transport and warehousing 403 303 143 93 24 6 2 974
Hotels and restaurants 421 284 255 146 9 1 115
Information and communication 1 675 351 217 125 42 2 2 412
Financial and insurance services 381 87 93 43 10 1 615
Real estate activities 2 212 354 155 45 10 2 776
Law, economics, science and technology 4 484 1 043 523 217 41 1 6 309
Rental, property, travel and support services 810 272 188 128 59 5 3 1 465
Public administration, defence etc. 5 12 30 36 37 5 2 127
Education 547 100 151 227 67 3 1 095
Healthcare, social services 742 229 264 265 50 4 4 1 558
Culture, entertainment and recreation 2 116 203 105 45 9 1 2 479
Other services 1 713 318 161 61 5 2 258
Other 188 8 2 198
total 20 721 5 103 3 744 2 182 524 36 13 32 323
Owner control 2002 2011 Change 2002 2011 Change
Government 283 205 -78 -28% 15 139 14 024 -1 115 -7%
Municipal 673 718 45 7% 19 860 22 512 2 652 13%
County council 77 84 7 9% 8 882 10 206 1 324 15%
Private Swedish exc. group 18 605 25 525 6 920 37% 23 752 28 450 4 698 20%
Private Swedish inc. group 2 888 3 965 1 077 37% 36 986 40 235 3 249 9%
Foreign 1 085 1 826 741 68% 20 127 34 398 14 271 71%
total 23 611 32 323 8 712 37% 124 746 149 825 25 079 20%
2011. SNI2007. The number of employees does not include owners of sole proprietorships.
number of foreign-owned workplaces by country
number of foreign-owned workplaces
Foreign-owned workplaces 31% of those employed in
Malmö work in a foreign-owned company (exc. public sector)
Among Malmö's largest foreign-owned companies are firms such as Manpower, Pågen, ISS Facility Services, Arriva, G4S, Logica, Trygg-Hansa, E.ON and IKEA.
In 2000, the Öresund Bridge
between Sweden and
Denmark was opened.
The service sector has increased significantly over the last 10-15 years and today accounts for a considerable proportion of trade and industry
» 31,239 people worked in 1,521 foreign-owned workplaces in Malmö (2010)
» 5% of Malmö's workplaces were foreign-owned (exc. public sector)
» The number of foreign-owned workplaces has increased by 87% in 10 years
» The number of employees in foreign-owned workplaces has increased by 70% in 10 years
» 1,104 workplaces had employees
» 525 workplaces had 10 or more employees
» 68 workplaces had 100 or more employees
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Rest of the worldRest of Europe
FranceLuxembourg
FinlandThe Netherlands
USAGermany
United KingdomNorway
Denmark
Foreign-owned places of employment by country (2010)
305
216
182
141121
868670 64
146
104
workplaces employees
number of workplaces by number of employees
» The largest investor countries in terms of the number of workplaces: Denmark (20%), Norway (14%), the United Kingdom (12%) and Germany (9%)
» Most workplaces are found in the areas commerce, property, business services and communication
Malmö's trade and industry policy vision
We will make Malmö the Öresund Region's most innovative and exciting city, where it should be especially inspiring to establish, run and develop enterprises.
26
Good growth gives top ratingMalmö shows rapid development of the local economy under good management. This was the assessment made by the global credit institution Standard & Poor's, which has given Malmö an AAA rating, the highest possible credit rating.
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Turning Torso is Sweden's highest building (190 metres)
Malmö city is engaged in a number of business promotion initiatives regarding development, creative environments and meeting places for entrepreneurship. examples of such initiatives include: » MINC (Malmö Incubator, celebrating its 10th anniversary)
» Medeon
» Malmö Cleantech City
» Media Evolution City
» Medical Malmö
Hospitality industry
LogisticsLife Sciences
27
Malmö's profile areasMalmö focuses on a number of profile areas in a business context. These are areas in which Malmö's strengths are considered to be particularly successful in terms of more employment opportunities and greater growth. Read more on www.malmobusiness.com under "Profile areas".
Malmö's seven profi le areas:
New Media
Headquarters
Cleantech
Commerce
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Sources:Business Register (Statistics Sweden)
European Spallation Source
Jones Lang LaSalle
Malmö University
Statistics Sweden
Swedish Agency for Economic and Regional Growth
Swedish Agency for Growth Policy
Swedish Public Employment Service
Ørestat
Øresund Bridge
Öresund Committee
All graphs in this brochure refer to Malmö. The analyses have been produced in collaboration with the following departments of the City of Malmö: Department of Urban Planning, Department for Integration and Labour Market, and Malmö Tourism.
Number of copies (English edition): 1 500
Design & production: W communication agency (www.justw.com)
Printing: Holmbergs
Publisher: Pehr Andersson, Director, Trade and Industry Agency, City of Malmö
Editor and analyst: Sara Bergman, Trade and Industry Agency, City of Malmö
trade and industry AgencyOffice address Lugna gatan 84Postal address City of Malmö, SE-205 80 Malmö, SwedenTelephone +46 (0) 40 34 17 00 Fax +46 (0) 40 611 27 [email protected]
Straight facts! The purpose of Malmö Snapshot is to provide all stakeholders in Malmö's trade and industry with straight facts and transparent statistics – companies in Malmö, companies planning to move to Malmö and others who wish to follow developments in the business community.
» The report is available in Swedish and English
» Read and download a digital version from our website
» More information and statistics are available on our website www.malmobusiness.com/en
PhotograPh front cover: väStra hamnen, leif JohanSSon X-ray
341 140PRINTED MATTER
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